CA2540085C - High alcohol content gel-like and foaming compositions - Google Patents

High alcohol content gel-like and foaming compositions Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2540085C
CA2540085C CA2540085A CA2540085A CA2540085C CA 2540085 C CA2540085 C CA 2540085C CA 2540085 A CA2540085 A CA 2540085A CA 2540085 A CA2540085 A CA 2540085A CA 2540085 C CA2540085 C CA 2540085C
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alcohol
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composition according
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CA2540085A1 (en
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Bruce Michael Koivisto
Maria Teresa Fernandez De Castro
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Deb IP Ltd
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DEB Worldwide Healthcare Inc
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/66—Phosphorus compounds
    • A61K31/661—Phosphorus acids or esters thereof not having P—C bonds, e.g. fosfosal, dichlorvos, malathion or mevinphos
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N31/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic oxygen or sulfur compounds
    • A01N31/02—Acyclic compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/045—Hydroxy compounds, e.g. alcohols; Salts thereof, e.g. alcoholates
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/075—Ethers or acetals
    • A61K31/08—Ethers or acetals acyclic, e.g. paraformaldehyde
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/185—Acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof, e.g. sulfur acids, imidic, hydrazonic or hydroximic acids
    • A61K31/19—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid
    • A61K31/195—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having an amino group
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K45/00—Medicinal preparations containing active ingredients not provided for in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00
    • A61K45/06—Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/02—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K8/04—Dispersions; Emulsions
    • A61K8/046—Aerosols; Foams
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/19—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing inorganic ingredients
    • A61K8/20—Halogens; Compounds thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
    • A61K8/33—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing oxygen
    • A61K8/34—Alcohols
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
    • A61K8/81—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • A61K8/8123—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers, e.g. PVC, PTFE
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
    • A61K8/84—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions otherwise than those involving only carbon-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • A61K8/86—Polyethers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
    • A61L2/16—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor using chemical substances
    • A61L2/23—Solid substances, e.g. granules, powders, blocks, tablets
    • A61L2/235—Solid substances, e.g. granules, powders, blocks, tablets cellular, porous or foamed
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
    • A61P31/02—Local antiseptics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
    • A61Q17/00—Barrier preparations; Preparations brought into direct contact with the skin for affording protection against external influences, e.g. sunlight, X-rays or other harmful rays, corrosive materials, bacteria or insect stings
    • A61Q17/005—Antimicrobial preparations
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
    • A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/004—Surface-active compounds containing F
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/004—Surface-active compounds containing F
    • C11D1/006—Surface-active compounds containing fluorine and phosphorus
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
    • C11D17/0008—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties aqueous liquid non soap compositions
    • C11D17/003—Colloidal solutions, e.g. gels; Thixotropic solutions or pastes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
    • C11D17/0043—For use with aerosol devices
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
    • C11D3/0094—High foaming compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
    • C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C11D3/2003—Alcohols; Phenols
    • C11D3/2006—Monohydric alcohols
    • C11D3/201—Monohydric alcohols linear
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
    • C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C11D3/2003—Alcohols; Phenols
    • C11D3/2006—Monohydric alcohols
    • C11D3/201—Monohydric alcohols linear
    • C11D3/2013—Monohydric alcohols linear fatty or with at least 8 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain

Abstract

This invention relates to a "high lower alcohol content"(>40% v/v of a C1-4 alcohol) liquid composition able to be either dispensed as a stable foam with the use of non-propellant foam dispensing devices from non-pressurized containers or as an alcohol gel composition which does not use thickener and gelling agents that leave undesirable deposits or a sticky after-feel and that has a final viscosity less than 4,000cps. The liquid compositions comprise an alcohol, C1-4 (>40% v/v), a fluorosurfactant of at least 0.001% by weight to prepare a foamable composition or from 0-2.0% to prepare a gel-like composition of a final viscosity less than 4,000cps, 0-10% w/w of additional minor components added to obtain the desired performance (a foamable composition or a gel-like composition with a viscosity less than 4,000 cps), and the balance being purified water. The compositions may include emulsifier-emollients and mosturizers, secondary surfactants, foam stabilizers, fragrances, antimicrobial agents, other type of medicinal ingredients, and the like ingredients or additives or combinations thereof commonly added to alcohol gels or foams, aerosol compositions or to toiletries, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and the like.

Description

HIGH ALCOHOL CONTENT GEL-LIKE AND FOAMING COMPOSITIONS
FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to compositions with high contents of lower alcohol (C1_4) that could be a gel-like composition or a solution able to be dispensed as a foam. The compositions to be dispensed as foams contain a fluorosurfactant and when mixed with air provide a stable alcohol foam which can be used for personal cleaning or for disinfecting purposes. The gel-like compositions may or may not contain a fluorosurfactant.
BACKGROUND ART

Ethanol and/or Isopropyl alcohol compositions with at least 60% percent v/v (approximately 52% by weight) are well known to be antibacterial, therefore widely accepted for disinfecting purposes. Nonetheless due to the inherent characteristics of alcohol, it is perceived that the higher the content the better the product and a higher than 60% by volume alcohol content solution is more desirable.

Alcohol disinfectant solutions are generally thickened in order to eliminate the waste and facilitate spreading the composition throughout the desired area. It is also known that other than gelling agents one can use paraffin or waxes to achieve thickening of a solution with high alcohol concentration. Such a L
composition added with lanolin to reduce the melting point closer to body temperature is described in United States Patent No. 2,054,989. One of the disadvantages of gels and such type thick alcohol containing compositions is that if they do not leave a tacky feeling on the hands after one use (although some do), the effect builds up after repetitive use during the day, making it necessary to eventually wash off the thickeners before continuing the usage of an alcohol antiseptic solution. The present invention if formulated for such type of product does not leave such a feel, and does not need to be washed off after having been used repeatedly.

Another way of thickening high alcohol content solutions has also been taught in United States Patent No. 6,090,395 and 6,623,744 where they use emulsifiers and surfactants as the thickening system to produce a hydroalcoholic lotion with a viscosity of at least 4,000cps. Also, United States Patent No.
4,956,170 discloses polyethoxylated non-ionic surfactants/emulsifiers to stabilize the added emollient oils in addition to a fatty alcohol although with the addition of a polymeric thickening agent to prepare a hydroalcoholic skin moisturizing/conditioning antimicrobial gel. The disinfecting compositions of the present invention that are gel-like have a viscosity lower than 4,000 cps and no polymeric thickening agent is added.

Generally speaking a high alcohol content disinfectant solution disinfects but does not clean. In order to make them disinfect and clean, so much soap would be needed that the skin would feel soapy and disagreeable, unacceptable for rubbing alcohol purposes. Nonetheless, a non-irritant skin disinfecting high
2 lower alcohol content formulation for use as a skin-washing agent is successfully attained by combining emulsifiers, surfactants and skin emollients to be used as a gel or ointment as described in United States Patent No. 5,629,006.

Surfactants other than for cleaning purposes are also used for spreading an aqueous composition containing one or more active substances rapidly and evenly over a surface due to their wetting properties. The use of good wetting agents definitely improves the efficient use of active substances in different compositions as described in United States Patent No. 5,928,993. Hence, the composition described in the present invention includes the addition of surfactants, specifically fluorosurfactants which are well known for their unparalleled wetting power and which are also surface-active in the lower alcohols used as disinfectant and solvent system in levels which make it acceptable even for rubbing alcohol purposes, providing cleaning, wetting and foaming properties to the composition.

Although a high alcohol content disinfectant solution has good disinfectant characteristics, it has a sharp smell and is generally perceived to cause drying of the skin, characteristics which can also be diminished to a desirable level in the present invention.

A greater than 40% v/v alcohol foam product, easy and safe to use, is desirable over conventional gel or ointment type composition products. The concentration of alcohol already poses a hazard in itself, and there are many applications in which the perceived risk may be diminished if it could be dispensed as a foam without the use of pressurized aerosol containers. A foam intended to be useful as a skin disinfecting agent must have a uniform consistency, spreadability, cleansing ability, and have a pleasant feel, i.e.
have
3 rapid breaking power when pressure is applied; all of which present a challenge for a high lower alcohol content composition.

The description of an aqueous foaming skin disinfecting composition using 15% w/w alcohol as a co-solvent, which requires no pressurized container or added propellant to produce the foam, is described in United States Patent No.
3,962,150.

The foam-forming agents utilized heretofore, have been incapable of forming stable foams when the liquid phase has high alcohol content without using other ingredients. Furthermore, lower alcohols have been considered to be defoamers rather than foam-promoting chemicals. According to Klausner, in United States Patent No. 3,131,153, if more than 64% alcohol is used non-homogeneous compositions are obtained. The compositions in the patent required propellant to foam and the foams produced were of limited stability.

Prior to this invention, when a greater than 40% v/v alcohol concentration is required in a product, it is generally accepted that the product will be either liquid or gel, and that if. a foam is desired then the concentration of alcohol would need to be reduced or the use of a propellant and a pressurized system would be required.

Surprisingly, in the few "foamable" high alcohol content products disclosed, the types of foam obtained were not similar to those expected from aqueous solutions. The foams obtained are described as fast or aerated foam, quick breaking, with low or limited stability, which would not last for more than one minute, being generally gone within seconds.

It has been disclosed that fluorosurfactants and alcohol can be combined to produce a "stable" foam by a process using high-pressurized means to
4 generate the foam. Highly stable pressurized foams containing high lower alcohol contents and methods of forming and using such pressurized foams in the oil industry using a non-ionic surfactant or mixture of non-ionic surfactants of a specific group of fluorosurfactants are provided in United States Patent No.
4,440,653. The compositions in this patent require the use of a pressurized gas system to generate the foam.

Various examples of compositions with a high lower alcohol content that are dispensed as a foam have been described, although for the purpose of the present invention the characteristics of the foam are not of the desired outcome, since they are fast breaking, of low stability and the foam is produced by means of propellants and aerosol containers only, as the one described in United States Patent No. 5,906,808, which discloses a product that uses an emulsifying wax NF, and a combination of stearyl and cetyl alcohol, or other wax combinations, which improve the foaming performance of the composition, in combination with cetyl lactate, to produce a 0.8% chlorhexidine gluconate alcohol product.

United States Patent No. 5,167,950 issued to Lins discloses a foam product which requires a propellant and no surfactant is added as a cleaning agent. The composition disclosed in this patent is based upon using an emulsifier system (fatty alcohol ROH 16-22 carbons) in combination with the use of a thickening agent (carbomer, klucel, etc.).

United States Patent No. 5,167,950 to Lins discloses an antimicrobial aerosol mousse having a high alcohol content. The mousse comprises alcohol, water, a polymeric gelling agent and a surfactant system comprising a C16-C22 alcohol, aerosol propellant and a non-ionic polyethoxylated surfactant.
Despite the work done to date it has been shown that there is little specific knowledge on how foams react and are formed, and surprisingly formulations that might seem not foamable result in the best foam producing ones while other formulations which seemed to have been producing foam even while being prepared did not perform well at all in some non-aerosol foam dispensers. The behaviour of aqueous foams is not the same of that of an alcohol foam..

The traditional ways of forming a gel using polymeric thickeners presents undesirable characteristics and similarly little has been done in forming emulsion-like thickened gels.

It would be very advantageous to have alcohol based disinfecting formulations which may be dispensed as either a gel or a foam. Further, it would be very advantageous and desirable to find a foaming agent that could be used in concentrations that would allow it to be used in products that can remain in the area on which they have been applied and do not need to be rinsed or wiped off due to small amounts of residue remaining after evaporation. Thus it would also be very advantageous to provide foams or gels that do not leave an unpleasant sticky after-feel as most commercial alcohol gel products are known to, or which clog up the dispensing equipment used to dispense the foams and gels.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

It is an object of this invention to provide high alcohol content liquid compositions, which contain a surfactant/cleaning agent as well as a disinfectant/cleaning/solvent/carrier and that causes very little drying to the skin or the hands of the user and is able to be dispensed either as a gel or as a foam from both pressurized and non-pressurized systems.

The present invention provides high alcohol content compositions that are either gels or able to be dispensed as a foam, which are readily spread over the desired surface. Amongst the different applications where such compositions might be of use, it is another object to also provide an antimicrobial alcohol foam and an antimicrobial alcohol gel. The foamable compositions when dispensed from a suitable dispenser are stable and do not require the use of propellants and pressurized containers. The gels disclosed herein with a viscosity of less than 4,000cps do not use the gelling or thickening agents typically used in commercial gels and therefore after single or multiple applications of the gel there is not the usual tacky or sticky after-feel and the gel does not clog the dispensers from which the gels are dispensed.

These and other objects and advantages will be apparent from the following description of the invention. All percentages provided herein are based on the total weight unless otherwise indicated.

Accordingly, the present invention provides compositions for personal hygiene, as follows.

Foamable Compositions The present invention provides an alcohol composition foamable under low pressure when mixed with air at low pressure comprising;

a) C1_4 alcohol, or mixtures thereof, present in an amount of at least 40%
v/v of the total composition;

b) an effective fluorinated surface active agent for foaming, which is physiologically acceptable for skin disinfecting, present in an amount of at least 0.001 % by weight of the total composition such that the composition foams when mixed with air under low pressure conditions; and c) water present in an amount to balance the total composition to 100% by weight.

In one aspect of the invention the effective fluorinated surface active agent is present in an amount from about 0.001 % to about 10.0% weight percent of the total composition which is physiologically acceptable so it can be used in personal care type products.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention the fluorosurfactant may be an amphoteric polytetrafluoroethylene acetoxypropyl betaine of the following formula, CF3CF2(CF2CF2)nCH2CH(OAc)CH2N+(CH3)2CH2000 where n = 2 to 4, an ethoxylated nonionic fluorosurfactant of the following structure:
RfCH2CH2O(CH2CH2O)xH where Rf = F(CF2CF2) y, x= 0 to about 15 and y = 1 to about 7; or an anionic phosphate fluorosurfactant of the following structure:
(RfCH2CH2O)XP(O)(ONH4)y where Rf = F(CF2CF2)Z, x= 1 or 2, y = 2 or 1 and z =
1 to about 7, or mixtures thereof.

In another aspect of the invention, there is provided a concentrate suitable for manufacturing a foamable alcohol composition, comprising;

a) an amphoteric, anionic or non-ionic fluorosurfactant which is physiologically acceptable for skin disinfecting present in an amount from 0.01 to 1.0 % by weight of the total composition such that the composition foams under low pressure conditions;

b) a foam stabilizing agent comprising at least from 0.01 to 12.0 % by weight of n-propanol;

c) one of moisturizers, emollients and combinations thereof present in a range from 0.05% to 5.0% by weight; and d) water; and wherein the concentrate is suitable for addition to an alcohol composition comprising a C1_4 alcohol, or mixtures thereof, the alcohol being present in an amount such that when the concentrate is added to the alcohol composition the alcohol is present in an amount of at least 40% v/v of the total composition, such that the composition foams when mixed with air under low pressure conditions.

The present invention also provides an alcohol disinfecting composition foamable under low pressure when mixed with air at low pressure, comprising;
a) a C1.4 alcohol, or mixtures thereof, present in an amount between 60%
to 80% v/v of the total composition;

b) a physiologically acceptable fluorosurfactant present in an amount from 0.01 % to 2.0% by weight of the total composition such that the composition foams when mixed with air under low pressure conditions;

c) a foam stabilizing agent present in an amount from 0.01 to 12.0 % by weight;

d) any one of moisturizers, emollients and combinations thereof present in an amount from 0.05 to 5.0 % by weight; and e) water in an amount to balance the total composition to 100% by weight.
The present invention also provides foamable skin disinfecting composition foamable under low pressure when mixed with air at low pressure, comprising;

a) ethanol present in an amount between 60% to 70% v/v of the total composition;

b) a physiologically acceptable fluorosurfactant or mixtures thereof in an amount from 0.01 % to 2.0% by weight of the total composition such that the composition foams when mixed with air under low pressure conditions;

c) at least one secondary surfactant present in an amount from 0.01 to 10.0 % by weight;

d) a foam stabilizing agent; and e) water in an amount to balance the total composition to 100% by weight.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a method of forming a foam containing alcohol, comprising the steps of:

combining a C14 alcohol, or mixtures thereof, present in an amount greater than 40% v/v of the total composition with an effective fluorinated surface active agent for wetting and foaming, which is physiologically acceptable for skin disinfecting, present in an amount of at least 0.001 % by weight of the total composition, and water present in an amount to balance the total composition to 100% by weight to form an alcohol-fluorosurfactant mixture and storing said composition in an unpressurized dispenser having a dispenser pump; and activating the dispenser pump to combine the alcohol-fluorosurfactant mixture with air under low pressure to form a low pressure foam containing alcohol which is dispensed from said dispenser.

The present invention also provides a method for personal disinfecting comprising:

applying to a person's skin a skin-disinfecting alcohol foam composition which comprises a) air mixed under low pressure conditions with b) a foamable liquid comprising i) a C1_4 alcohol, or mixtures thereof, present in an amount greater than 60% v/v of the total composition;

ii) water present in an amount to balance the total composition to 100% by weight; and iii) a physiologically acceptable effective fluorinated surface active agent for foaming present in an amount of at least 0.001 % by weight of the total composition.

The present invention also provides a method for producing, and applying to a person's skin, a skin-disinfecting alcohol foam composition, comprising a) combining a C14 alcohol, or mixtures thereof, present in an amount greater than 60% v/v of the total composition with an effective physiologically acceptable fluorinated surface active agent for foaming present in an amount of at least 0.001 % by weight of the total composition, and water present in an amount to balance the total composition to 100% by weight to form an alcohol-fluorosurfactant mixture and storing said composition in an unpressurized dispenser having a dispenser pump;

b) activating the dispenser pump to combine the alcohol-fluorosurfactant mixture with air to form and dispense a skin-disinfecting alcohol foam; and c) applying the skin-disinfecting alcohol foam to the person's skin.

The compositions disclosed herein provide a wide variety and range of high alcohol content disinfecting products. According to the percentage of alcohol used in the compositions and by varying the proportions of the other constituents in the formulation, foams with differing properties can be achieved thereby allowing the production of foams that are either coarse or wet which quickly flatten, or foams that are soft which contain fine bubbles and which are relatively dry having long foam stability, or creamy thick foams that are gel-like. Also, the compositions may or may not be disinfecting according to the percentage of alcohol.

It was surprisingly found that by varying the percentages of the ingredients an alcohol gel-like composition was obtained which did not dry the hands or leave a sticky after-feel and that did not clog the gel dispensers, having the desired consistency and showing a viscosity of less than 4,000 cps.

Some of the compositions can conveniently be manufactured in a two step process such that most of the alcohol can be added at a later time and/or location making it the first part a desirable concentrate suitable for shipping less hazardous goods and weight. Warming the first part from 30 to 80 degrees Celsius, (depending on the particular composition) before adding the major portion of alcohol improves the long term stability of the compositions. This warming can either take place the same day in the same location where the finished composition is prepared or the concentrate first part can be stored or shipped elsewhere and the warming can take place either when the first part is mixing or right before adding the major portion of alcohol.

It should be evident that the described embodiment can be subjected to adjustment and/or improvement for specific applications either as a gel or a foam or to contain a desired active ingredient, without departing from the scope of the present invention. Different materials and/or ingredients will be then needed to compensate for the composition and/or foam stability disruption that might be generated by the change (i.e. introducing a more compatible secondary or even primary surfactant, adjusting the compatible foam stabilizer percentage and/or varying the relative amount of emulsifier and/or alcohol or water) or to compensate for shifts in desired viscosity and foam characteristics to obtained the desired gel (i.e. reduce the amount of fluorosurfactant or Increase the polyethoxylated surfactants, or add an emulsifier and/or increase or decrease alcohol and/or water). These and other changes may be made in the details within the spirit of the invention, which is to be broadly construed and not to be limited except by the character of the claims appended hereto.

For example, the alcohol based compositions may contain up to 10 %
by weight of other active ingredients or additives or combinations thereof commonly added to aerosol compositions or to toiletries, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, etc. Materials that may be added may include organic gums and colloids, lower alkanolamides of higher fatty acids, short chain dials and/or trials, alkylglucosides, fragrance, coloring matter, additional emollients, ultraviolet absorbers, solvents, emulsifiers, foam stabilizers or mixture of such stabilizers, suspending agents, buffers, conditioning agents, antioxidants, bactericides, medicinal active ingredient, and the like.

The invention will be described in connection with various specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative rather than limiting.
Nevertheless, the present invention lends itself to the preparation of a wide variety of products, 12a and it is to be understood that other embodiments may be utilized and that changes may be made without departing from the scope of the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Definitions The term "emollient" as used herein refers broadly to materials which are capable of maintaining or improving the moisture level, compliance, or appearance of the skin when used repeatedly.

The term "emulsifier" as used herein refers to surfactants or other materials added in small quantities to a mixture of two miscible liquids for the purpose of aiding in the formation and stabilization of an emulsion.

The phrase "emulsifying ingredients" as used herein is synonymous with emulsifier defined above.

The term "emulsion" as used herein refers to a colloidal dispersion of one liquid in another.

The term "surfactant" as used herein is the widely employed contraction for "surface active agents" which is the descriptive generic term for materials that preferentially adsorb at interfaces as a result of the presence of both lyophilic and lyophobic structural units, the adsorption generally resulting in the alteration of the surface or interfacial properties of the system.

The term "fluorosurfactant" as used herein refers to a fluorinated surface active agent which enables the composition in which it is contained to clean, wet and foam.

The phrase "foam stabilizer" as used herein refers to an additive that increases the amount or persistence of foam produced by a surfactant system.

The phrase "gel-like composition" as used herein refers to a hydroalcoholic solution with at least 40% v/v alcohol content, which is thickened by the use of emulsifiers and surfactant to have a viscosity greater than water and less than 4,000cps.

The term "disinfect" as used herein means to destroy or reduce harmful microorganisms.

The present invention provides compositions with high contents of lower alcohol (C1_4) able to be dispensed as a gel or a foam. The foamable compositions when mixed with air deliver a stable foam to provide an alcoholic liquid solution which can be used for personal cleaning or for disinfecting purposes and which breaks on pressure application such as when a user rubs their hands or when applied over a surface. The gel composition delivers a liquid of the appropriate consistency to be readily spread on the hands, yet without dripping off. This gel composition with at least 60% v/v alcohol provides an effective disinfectant that does not leave a tacky after-feel once the alcohol has evaporated and that is common to such alcohol gels which use thickeners and gelling agents that have been used commonly in the past during single or multiple applications. The gel composition does not easily clog the dispensers as common gel products do.

The alcohol used in the present invention is a lower hydrocarbon chain alcohol such as a C1_4 alcohol. The preferred alcohol is chosen from ethanol, propanol, or n-propanol, most preferably ethanol, well accepted by Health Care personnel as an adequate disinfectant at the right percentages. The invention anticipates that a single alcohol may be used or that a blend of two or more alcohols may comprise the alcohol content of the composition either for a gel-like or foamable product.

FOAMABLE COMPOSITIONS

One of the main achievements of the present invention is making compositions with a greater than 40% v/v alcohol content able to be dispensed as a cosmetically appealing foam. The other important achievement is to obtain an alcohol gel without using the typical gelling agents know to those skilled in the art which would not clog dispensers or leave a tacky after-feel.

The use of a fluorosurfactant is the key ingredient as the primary foaming agent in the compositions designed to foam disclosed herein.
Fluorosurfactants have various interesting properties such as leaving little residue, being able to function in harsh chemical and thermal environments;
they have an unparalleled wetting power, etc. Unlike traditional surfactants, they show unusual surface-active properties in organic solvents that are known to those skilled in the art, and that have made them widely used for applications in coatings, oilfield, material finishes, cleaning, paints, etc.

The fluorosurfactants suitable for these types of compositions may include, but are not limited to, ethoxylates, glycerol esters, amine oxides, acetylenic alcohol derivatives, carboxylates, phosphates, carbohydrate derivatives, sulfonates, betaines, esters, polyamides, silicones, and hydrocarbon surfactants that have been fluorinated and are compatible with the other components being used for a particular formulation.

A preferred fluorosurfactant is polytetrafluoroethylene acetoxypropyl betaine CF3CF2(CF2CF2)nCH2CH(OAc)CH2N+(CH3)2CH20OO-, where n= 2-4.
However, it is contemplated that other fluorosurfactants may be used including as non-limiting examples for use in the present invention an ethoxyiated nonionic fluorosurfactant of the following structure: RfCH2CH2O(CH2CH2O) XH where Rf =
F(CF2 CF2)y, x= 0 to about 15 and y = 1 to about 7; an anionic phosphate fluorosurfactant of the following structure: (RfCH2CH2O) X P(O)(ONH4) y where Rf = F(CF2 CF2)z, x= 1 or 2, y = 2 or 1, x +'y = 3, and z = 1 to about 7 or mixtures thereof.

it was surprisingly found that despite the characteristics of fluorosurfactants, there was little or no information on their use to produce a foamable product with high alcohol content other than the one using non-ionic fluorosurfactants and pressurized gas as a foamer as taught in United States Patent No. 4,440,653.

Furthermore, in order to obtain a high alcohol content product able to produce a foam even if no pressurized containers or propellants are used would require surface tension values as low as possible so that the pressure required to produce such foam by hand pumps and mechanical means would be sufficient.
Hence, the lower than 20 dynes/cm (0.01 % DW 25 C) surface tension values achievable with these surfactants made them suitable for the application.

During the development of the present invention, it was unexpectedly found that a quick breaking aerated foam could even be obtained when using just ethanol and the fluorosurfactant, while using traditional surfactants at even double the percentage bore results that could not be even slightly similar and no foam at all could be obtained.

In order to achieve a commercially suitable formulation, reducing the amount of fluorosurfactant used while using the assistance of other ingredients such as secondary surfactants, emulsifiers, foam stabilizers, fragrances, and the 14 OCTOBER 2005 1 4-10 .09 like ingredients employed in cosmetics, aerosols, toiletries, personal care, etc. is ore of the approaches followed. One of the commercial products obtained uses emulsifiers and polyethoxylated fatty acid surfactants disclosed in United States Patent Nos. 5,167,950 and 6,090,395, while other examples use a combination of different foam stabilizers to achieve a similar result.

Examples of secondary surfactants that may be used in the present compositions include alkylglucosides, a poly(ethoxylated and/or propoxylated)alcohol, a poly(ethoxylated and/or propoxylated)ester, a derivative of a poly(ethoxylated and/or propoxylated)alcohol, a derivative of a poly(ethoxylated and/or propoxylated)ester, an alkyl alcohol, an alkenyl alcohol, an ester of a polyhydric alcohol, an ether of a polyhydric alcohol, an ester of a polyalkoxylated derivative of a polyhydric alcohol, an ether of a polyalkoxylated derivative of a polyhydric alcohol a sorbitan fatty acid ester, a polyalkoxylated derivative of a sorbitan fatty acid ester, a betaine, a sulfobetaines, imidazoline derivatives, aminoacid derivatives, lecithins, phosphatides, some amine oxides and sulfoxides and mixtures thereof, present in an amount between about 0.10 %
to about 5% weight percent.

A preferred betaine is cocamidopropyl betaine. A preferred alkylglucoside is cocoglucoside. Preferred polyethoxylated fatty alcohols are polyethoxylated stearyl alcohol (21 moles ethylene oxide) and polyethoxylated stearyl alcohol (2 moles ethylene oxide), and a combination of these two.

The compositions may include an antimicrobial agent. The following antimicrobials are offered as non-limiting examples of suitable antimicrobials for use in the present invention and may include chlorhexidine salt, iodine, a complexed form of iodine, parachlorometaxylenol, triclosan, hexachlorophene, a phenol, a surfactant having a long chain hydrophobic group and a quaternary group, hydrogen peroxide, silver, a silver salt, silver oxide, and mixtures thereof.

A preferred antimicrobial agent in the present compositions is chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) present in an amount between about 0.50 % to about 4.0 % weight percent. Another preferred antimicrobial agent is didecyl dimethyl diamonium chloride in an amount between about 0.05% to 5% weight percent.

If the amount of ingredients employed is little enough not to leave a tacky feeling after the composition evaporates after single or multiple uses, and this is achieved while maintaining at least 60% v/v ethanol or n-propanol concentration or 70% v/v isopropanol, then the composition would be ideal for use as an alcohol hand sanitizer/disinfectant foamable composition.

The addition of water to the alcohol produces a more stable foam while allowing to reduce the amount of fluorosurfactant required to foam the product.
For instance, using 0.5 to 1.0% fluorosurfactant with a 50 to 60% v/v alcohol water solution produces a stable foam that does not readily collapse and that produces a stable puff that does not fall even when inverted and does not collapse until pressure is applied (such as when rubbed in hands or on over a surface) to provide an alcoholic liquid solution.

The use of a mild non-irritant surfactant widely used in the cosmetic industry such as cocamidopropyl betaine as a secondary surfactant is more suitable to prepare the foamable hydroalcoholic composition of the present invention depending on the fluorosurfactant being used.

.18 CA 02540085 2006-03-24 pCTICA 2004/00171-4 14. OCTOBER 2005 14 -10 , QS
In order to stabilize the foam, foam stabilizers, as well as emulsifying ingredients have been tried with good results in allowing the product to be dispensed as a foam even when no propellant and/or pressurized container systems are used.

Examples of compatible foam stabilizers that can optionally be employed include lactic acid esters of monoglycerides, cationic emulsifiers, triquaternized stearic phospholipid complex, hydroxystearamide propyltriamine salts, lactic acid monoglycerides, food emulsifiers such as glyceryl monostearate, propylene glycol monostearate, sodium stearoyl lactylate, silicone wax, an encapsulated oil, Microcapsule Mineral Oil .

A preferred foam stabilizer used in the present foamable compositions is cetyl betaine. A preferred combination of foam stabilizers is that of butyleneglycol, butoxyethanol and n-propanol.

Examples of moisturizers and/or emollients which may be used in the present formulations include lanolin, vinyl alcohol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone and polyols selected from the group consisting of glycerol, propylene glycol, glyceryl oleate and sorbitol, cocoglucoside or a fatty alcohol selected from the group consisting of cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol and palmityl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, ceteareth 20, and combinations thereof, present in an amount up to about 5%.

Examples of emulsifier which may be used in the present compositions include a mixture of cetyl ethers and stearyl ethers of polyethylene oxide having an average of about 20 oxide units.

Ai`WND S!

CA 02540085 2006-03-24 PCT'CA 2004/001714 14 OCTOBER 2005 14 - 10 s The compositions may include an acid or a base to adjust a pH of the composition to a pre-selected pH. The acid or base may be present in an amount from about 0.05 to about 0.5 % weight percent of the total composition. Non-limiting examples of the acid used to adjust the pH include hydrochloric acid, citric acid and phosphoric acid, and a non-limiting example of the base used to adjust the pH includes sodium sesquicarbonate.

The compositions may also include a preservative in an amount from about 0.01 to about 5 % weight percent of the total composition.

The compositions formulated to be dispensed as a foam may be stored in an unpressurized dispenser having a dispenser pump for mixing the composition with air and dispensing foam therefrom. The composition may include an aerosol propellant in an amount from about 3 to about 20 weight percent of the total composition for pressurized discharge of the foam. The aerosol propellant may include propane, carbon dioxide, butane, dichloro difluoro methane, dichloro tetra fluoro ethane, octafluorocyclo butane;
1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane; 1,1,1,2,3,3,3 heptafluoropropane, and 1,1,1,3,3,3,-hexafluoro propane. When stored in a metal container with propellant, the formulation may include a corrosion inhibitor such as sorbic acid, benzoic acid, potassium sorbate and sodium benzoate, in an amount from about 0.1 to about 5 weight percent of the total composition.

armomn , 5 14. OCTOBER 2OUD 14 - 10 GEL-LIKE COMPOSITIONS

Some of compositions studied had some gel-like properties. This characteristic led to the second most important achievement of the present invention; that is an alcohol gel with viscosities less than 4,000cps that do not use the conventional polymeric thickeners (i,e, cellulose derivatives, carbomers, etc) that are known to leave a sticky residue on surfaces on single and multiple applications that builds up. This discourages users and tends to clog the dispensers.

In order to prepare a gel-like composition, a fluorosurfactant is not required to form the gel, however, using a small amount improves the after-feel, it also allows one to reduce the usage of other surfactants required, therefore improving the performance of the composition. The use of the fluorosurfactant also noticeably improves the spreadability of the gel disenfecting compositions on the hands or a surface.

The following is a basic formulation of the gel-like compositions. An alcohol C1_4,or mixtures thereof, present in an amount greater than about 40% v/v of the total composition, one or more nonionic surfactants present in an amount between about 0.10 % to about 5% weight percent, an emulsifier present 25 20a AWNDED SH ME

in an amount between about 0.10 % to about 3.0% weight percent, and water in an amount sufficient to form a stable gel-like composition.

Non-limiting examples of non-ionic surfactants include poly(ethoxylated and/or propoxylated)alcohol, a poly(ethoxylated and/or propoxylated)ester, a derivative of a poly(ethoxylated and/or propoxylated)alcohol, a derivative of a poly(ethoxylated and/or propoxylated)ester, an alkyl alcohol, an alkenyl alcohol, an ester of a polyhydric alcohol, an ether of a polyhydric alcohol, an ester of a polyalkoxylated derivative of a polyhydric alcohol, an ether of a polyalkoxylated derivative of a polyhydric alcohol, a sorbitan fatty acid ester, a polyalkoxylated derivative of a sorbitan fatty acid ester, and mixtures thereof.

A preferred non-ionic surfactant includes polyethoxylated fatty alcohols such as polyethoxylated stearyl alcohol (21 moles ethylene oxide) and polyethoxylated stearyl alcohol (2 moles ethylene oxide), and/or a combination of polyethoxylated fatty alcohols.

To make the gel-like compositions for personal hygiene applications, the compositions may include a physiologically acceptable fluorinated surface active agent up to about 2.5 %. A preferred fluorinated surface active agent is that used in the gel-like compositions, namely polytetrafluoroethylene acetoxypropyl betaine CF3CF2(CF2CF2)nCH2CH(OAc)CH2N+(CH3)2CH20OO-, where n= 2-4.

Another fluorinated surface active agent also preferred is an ethoxylated nonionic fluorosurfactant of the following structure:
RfCH2CH2O(CH2CH2O)XH where Rf = F(CF2CF2)Y, x= 0 to about 15 and y=
1 to about 7and yet another one is an anionic phosphate fluorosurfactant of the following structure: (RfCH2CH2O)XP(O)(ONH4)y where Rf = F(CF2CF2)Z, x= I or 2, y = 2 or 1, x + y = 3, and z = 1 to about 7 or mixtures thereof.

The following non-limiting examples are set forth to show for the various preferred embodiments and are not in any way to limit the scope of the present invention.

EXAMPLES
Examples 1 through 12 were prepared to illustrate the ability to produce alcohol-based formulations which can be dispensed as foams using different surfactants and a solution of water and 50% ethanol. Examples 13 through 18 show increasing concentrations of ethanol and fluorosurfactant to produce foam.
Examples 19 through 30 illustrate the ability to produce foam using different surfactants and a solution of 70%v/v Isopropanol. All parts and percentages are expressed by weight unless otherwise indicated.

Amount Ingredients Ex. I Ex. 2 Ex. 3 Ex. 4 Ex. 5 Ex. 6 S.D. Alcohol 3-A 50.00 50.00 50.00 50.00 50.00 50.00 Fluorosurfactant 0.50 ------ ------ -------- ------- --------Cocamidopropyl betaine (1) ------ 8.00 ----- -------- ------- -------Alkylglucoside (2) -------- ------- 8.00 -------- ------- --------Alkylglucoside (3) ------- ------- -------- 8.00 ----- --------Glycomul L ----- -- ------- -------- 8.00 Sorbitan Sesquioleate -------- ------ -------- ------- -------- 8.00 Deionized Water 49.50 42.00 42.00 42.00 42.00 42.00 Total % 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 (1) Amphoteric, (2) Nonionic, (3) Anionic Amount Ingredients Ex. 7 Ex. 8 Ex. 9 Ex. 10 Ex. 11 Ex. 12 S.D. Alcohol 3-A 50.00 50.00 50.00 50.00 50.00 50.00 Polysorbate 20 8.00 ------ ----- ------ ------- --------Polyoxyethylene Sorbitan Monooleate ------ 8:00 ------ ---- --- ------- --------Sorbitan Monooleate -------- ------ 8.00 ---- --- - -- ------Cocamidopropyl betaine & sodium caproyl lactate -------- ------- -------- 8.00 _-_____ Cocamidopropyl hydroxysultaine -------- ------- -------- -------- 8.00 --------Sodium Cocoamphoacetate -------- _______ _______ _______ -------- 8.00 Deionized Water 42.00 42.00 42.00 42.00 42.00 42.00 Total % 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 Amount Ingredients Ex. 13 Ex. 14 Ex.15 Ex. 16 Ex. 17 Ex.18 S.D. Alcohol 3-A 50.00 60.00 65.00 70.00 80.00 92.50 Fluorosurfactant 0.10 0.75 0.80 1.50 2.00 7.5 Deionized Water 49.90 39.25 34.20 28.50 18.00 --------Total % 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 Amount Ingredients Ex. 19 Ex. 20 Ex.21 Ex. 22 Ex. 23 Ex. 24 700/ov/v Isopropanol 99.90 92.00 92.00 92.00 92.00 92.00 Fluorosurfactant 0.10 ------ ------ -------- ------- -------Cocamidopropyl betaine (1) ------ 8.00 ------ -------- ------- ------ -Alkylglucoside (2) -------- ------- 8.00 -------- ------- --------Alkylglucoside (3) -------- ------- -------- 8.00 ------- --------Glycomul L -------- ------- -------- -------- 8.00 ------ -Sorbitan Sesquioleate ------- ------- -------- ------- -------- 8.00 Total % 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 (1) Amphoteric, (2) Nonionic, (3) Anionic Amount Ingredients Ex. 25 Ex. 26 Ex.27 Ex.28 Ex. 29 Ex.30 70%v/v Isopropanol 92.00 92.00 92.00 92.00 92.00 92.00 Polysorbate 20 8.00 ------ ----- ------- ------- --------Polyoxyethylene Sorbitan Monooleate ------ 8.00 ------ -------- ------- --------Sorbitan Monooleate -------- ------- 8.00 -------- ------- --------Cocamidopropylbetaine & sodium caproyl lactate ------- ------- -------- 8.00 ------- --------Cocamidopropyl hydroxysultaine ------- ------ -------- -------- 8.00 --------Sodium Cocoamphoacetate -------- ------- -------- ------- -------- 8.00 Total % 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 The solutions prepared, were evaluated as to whether foam was produced or not and if so, then the foam produced was described as follows:

Example Foam Produced Foam Evaluation/Description/Characteristics Ex. I Yes Very good stable stiff puff creamy and soft lasts minutes Ex. 2 No Just Very Wet Bubbles produced lasting <10 seconds Ex. 3 No ------------------------Ex. 4 No ------------------------Ex. 5 No ------------------------Ex. 6 No Just Very Wet Bubbles produced lasting <7 seconds Ex. 7 No Just Very Wet Bubbles produced lasting <10 seconds Ex. 8 No ------------------------Ex. 9 No Just Very Wet Bubbles produced lasting <10 seconds Ex. 10 No ------------------------Ex. 11 No ------------------------Ex. 12 No ------------------------Ex. 13 Yes Very good stable stiff puff creamy and soft lasts minutes Ex. 14 Yes Very good creamy and soft lasts more than a minute Ex. 15 Yes Very good creamy and soft lasts more than a minute Ex. 16 Yes Very good creamy and soft lasts more than a minute Ex. 17 Yes Quick fast breaking foam lasts more than a 15secs Ex. 18 Yes Quick fast breaking foam lasts more than a 1 Osecs Ex. 19 Yes Quick fast breaking foam lasts more than a 20secs Ex. 20 No ------------------------Ex. 21 No ------------------------Ex. 22 No ------------------------Ex. 23 No ------------------------Ex. 24 No ------------------------Ex. 25 No ------------------------Ex. 26 No ------------------------Ex. 27 No ------------------------Ex. 28 No ------------------------Ex. 29 No ------------------------Ex. 30 No ------------------------Comparatively, it was also found that for instance, Cocamidopropyl betaine (CAPE) alone even at 40% ethanol and at 3% CAPB, was unable to produce as good results as those with 60%v/v ethanol, and fluorosurfactants using much less percentage (less than 1.0%). Cocamidopropyl betaine does not give any acceptable foam above that percentage of alcohol and the lower than 60% v/v alcohol content makes it inadequate for a sanitizing solution. Also the solution left an unacceptable feeling on the skin after the alcohol evaporated (i.e.
a soapy sticky feeling) indicating high levels of surfactant.

Very interestingly fluorosurfactants seemed to be a likely way to achieve a foaming composition that contains more than 40% v/v alcohol. The fact that foam could be achieved even when no added water or ingredients are used other than 95%v/v alcohol and the fluorosurfactant as shown in example 18 makes the present invention suitable for many different applications.

Below are some specific examples for compositions following the above formulation to produce alcohol hand sanitizing solutions; more than one being a foamable composition with alcohol being the only disinfectant ingredient, while other foamable compositions use an added antimicrobial such as Chlorhexidine Digluconate or Didecyl Dimethyl Diammonium Chloride and the third group being alcohol gel-like hand sanitizing solutions.

Alcohol hand sanitizing foamable disinfecting composition 0.01- 1.0 % * amphoteric, anionic or non-ionic fluorosurfactant (primary surfactant) 0.01 - 1.0% cocoamidopropylbetaine (secondary surfactant) 0.05 - 1.0% cetyl betaine (foam stabilizing agent) 0.10-1.5% emulsifier fatty alcohol ROH 16-22 carbons or combination that works well in a final formulation containing 60-70% v/v ethanol Q.S. water = Preferably Polytetrafluoroethylene Acetoxypropyl Betaine CF3CF2(CF2CF2) n CH2CH2(OAc)CH2N+(CH3)2CH2000 where n= 2-4 or an ethoxylated nonionic fluorosurfactant of the following structure:
RfCH2CH2O(CH2CH2O) XH where Rf = F(CF2 CF2)y, x= 0 to about 15 and y = 1 to about 7; or an anionic phosphate fluorosurfactant of the following structure: (RfCH2CH2O) X P(O)(ONH4) y where Rf = F(CF2 CF2)z, x= 1 or 2, y = 2 or 1, x + y = 3, and z = 1 to about 7, or mixtures thereof.

Alcohol hand sanitizing foamable disinfecting composition Concentrate 0.01- 1.0 % * amphoteric, anionic or non-ionic fluorosurfactant (primary surfactant) 0.01 - 12.0% 1,3 Butyleneglycol, 2-Butoxyethanol, n-propanol (foam stabilizing agents) 0.05 - 5.0% cocoglucoside, glycerin, glyceryl oleate (moisturizers, emollients and the like) 60-70% v/v ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol or a combination thereof Q.S. water = Preferably an anionic phosphate fluorosurfactant of the following structure: (RfCH2CH2O) x P(O)(ONH4) , where Rf = F(CF2 CF2)z, x= I or 2, y = 2 or 1, x + y = 3, and z = 1 to about 7 or an ethoxylated nonionic fluorosurfactant of the following structure: RfCH2CH2O(CH2CH2O) xH
where Rf = F(CF2 CF2)y, x= 0 to about 15 and y = 1 to about 7; or Polytetrafluoroethylene Acetoxypropyl Betaine CF3CF2(CF2CF2) n CH2CH2(OAc)CH2N+(CH3)2CH2OOO , where n= 2-4, or mixtures thereof.

Alcohol hand sanitizing foamable disinfecting composition a) ethanol present in an amount between about 60% to 70% percent v/v of the total composition;

b) a physiologically acceptable anionic phosphate fluorosurfactant in an amount from about 0.01 % to about 2.0% weight percent of the total composition;
c) at least 1 % n-propanol d) foam stabilizing agents that at least include 1,3-Butyleneglycol % 2, Butoxyethanol in 0.001-3% ea.

e) a lipid layer enhancer such as a mixture of alkylglucoside and glyceryl oleate f) water in an amount to balance the total composition to 100% weight percent.

Chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) & alcohol hand sanitizing foamable disinfecting composition Formulations 31 or 32 added with 0.50 - 4.0% Chlorhexidine Gluconate (CHG) Formulations 31 or 32 added with 0.01 - 5.0% Didecyl Dimethyl Diammonium Chloride Alcohol hand sanitizing gel-like disinfecting composition with a viscosity less than 4,000cps 0.0- 1.0 % * amphoteric, anionic or non-ionic fluorosurfactant (primary surfactant) 0.10 - 2.0 % an emulsifier moisturizer and/or emollient preferably a non-ionic surfactant and/or a combination of cetearyl alcohol and ceteareth 20 or a combination thereof to give a composition with a viscosity of less than 4,000cps;

0.50-4.0% a combination of nonionic surfactants specifically from the group of the polyethoxylated fatty alcohols 60-70%v/v ethanol Q.S. water * Preferably Polytetrafluoroethylene Acetoxypropyl Betaine CF3CF2(CF2CF2)õ
CH2CH2(OAc)CH2N+(CH3)2CH2000 where n= 2-4 or an ethoxylated nonionic fluorosurfactant of the following structure: RfCH2CH2O(CH2CH2O) xH where Rf = F(CF2 CF2)y, x= 0 to about 15 and y = 1 to about 7; or an anionic phosphate fluorosurfactant of the following structure: (RfCH2CH2O) x P(O)(ONH4) y where Rf = F(CF2 CF2)z, x= 1 or 2, y = 2 or 1, x + y = 3, and z = 1 to about 7, or mixtures thereof.

The process to prepare the compositions of the present invention described herein is straightforward since most of the ingredients are liquid.
When wax type ingredients are to be used, they can be incorporated by warming up to 40-45 C preferably to the alcohol portion while mixing and then allowing it to cool down or they could be added in "cold", at room temperature to the alcohol before any other ingredient and mixed until completely incorporated before adding the rest of the ingredients according to the composition. Whether all ingredients are liquid or not, warming from 30 to 80 degrees Celsius, (depending on the particular composition) increases the long term stability of the compositions.
Active ingredients could be pre-dissolved into the water first. A process that anyone knowledgeable enough of the art would have no problem implementing. If a specific formulation cannot be adjusted for the foamable composition in the percentages of the ingredients, then there is still the option of modifying the characteristics of the foaming pump, such as changing pressures, screen sizes, etc.

The compositions described within the present invention improve over prior similar products commercially available in the high concentrations of alcohol, as well as in the fact of being able to foam even with no propellants or pressurized containers (using propellants would improve considerably the quality of the foam) and being able to produce alcohol gel-like compositions that do not leave a sticky after-feel that builds up and do not clog the dispensers after single or multiple applications.

Depending on the alcohol concentration and the application of the particular composition the foam produced can widely vary, being at the high end of a relatively fast breaking variety stable enough to be thoroughly spread onto the skin without waste in a unique way and the gel-like composition viscosity varies with the alcohol concentration. The gel-like composition obtained is a unique approach that does not follow the traditional ways of making alcohol gels.
In summary it could be said that the stated invention has exceeded expectations.
Due to the nature of the base composition with respect to the alcohol concentration and the quality of the ingredients, one of the logical first applications for the present invention would be as an alcohol hand disinfectant composition either for a foamable product or an alcohol gel-like product, examples of which are described above. Nevertheless, the present invention lends itself to the preparation of a wide variety of products, and it is to be understood that other embodiments may be utilized and that changes may be made without departing from the scope of the invention.

Consequently, it is intended that the claims be interpreted to cover such modifications and equivalents. To note a few, the following may be mentioned:
medicated foams and gels, sunscreen foams and gels, hand cream foams, brush-less shaving cream foams, shower or bath oil foams, dry hair shampoo foams, make-up remover foams, analgesic foam rubs and gels, hair grooming foams and antiperspirants hair cleaning foam, antiperspirant foam, hair conditioner foams.

As used herein, the terms "comprises", "comprising", "includes" and "including" are to be construed as being inclusive and open ended, and not exclusive. Specifically, when used in this specification including claims, the terms "comprises", "comprising", "includes" and "including" and variations thereof mean the specified features, steps or components are included. These terms are not to be interpreted to exclude the presence of other features, steps or components.

The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention has been presented to illustrate the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention to the particular embodiment illustrated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by all of the embodiments encompassed within the following claims and their equivalents.

References Cited U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
2,054,9899/1936 Moore ..............................167/58 3,131,1534/1964 Klausner ........................... 252/305 3,962,1506/1976 Leonard et al ...................... 252/542 4,440,6534/1984 James et al .........................252/8.55
5,167,950 12/1992 Lins .................................424/47 4,956,170 09/1990 Lee ................................ 514/772.1 5,629,0065/1997 Minh et al ..........................424/405 5,906,8085/1999 Osborne, et al ...................... 424/43 5,928,9937/1999 Ingegard ...........................504/116 5,951,993 09/1999 Scholz et al ........................424/405
6,090,395 07/2000 Asmus et al ........................424/401 6,610,315 08/2003 Scholz et al ........................424/415 6,623,744 09/2003 Asmus et al ........................424/401 6,562,360 05/2003 Scholz et al ........................424/405 OTHER PUBLICATIONS

Myers, Drew; "Surfactant Science and Technology", second edition, Drew Myers,VCH Publishers, New York, 1992 Reduce Tension Dupont Zonyl Fluorosurfactants Field Manual published by Dupont Co on May 2001

Claims (135)

WHAT IS CLAIMED IS:
1. An alcohol composition foamable under low pressure when mixed with air at low pressure comprising;

a) Cl-4 alcohol, or mixtures thereof, present in an amount of at least 40% v/v of the total composition;

b) an effective fluorinated surface active agent for foaming, which is physiologically acceptable for skin disinfecting, present in an amount of at least 0.001 % by weight of the total composition such that the composition foams when mixed with air under low pressure conditions; and c) water present in an amount to balance the total composition to 100% by weight.
2. The composition according to claim 1 wherein the physiologically acceptable fluorinated surface active agent is for wetting.
3. The composition according to claim 1 or 2 wherein the effective fluorinated surface active agent is present in an amount from 0.001 % to 10.0% by weight of the total composition.
4. The composition according to claim 1, 2 or 3 wherein the effective fluorinated surface active agent is selected from the group consisting of fluorinated ethoxylates, glycerol esters, amine oxides, acetylenic alcohol derivatives, carboxylates, phosphates, carbohydrate derivatives, sulfonates, betaines, ester-based fluorosurfactants, polyamides, silicones, and hydrocarbon-based fluorosurfactants.
5. The composition according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4 wherein the C1-4 alcohol is an aliphatic alcohol selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, n-propanol, butanol and combinations thereof.
6. The composition according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 wherein the fluorinated surface active agent is an amphoteric polytetrafluoroethylene acetoxypropyl betaine having the following formula:
CF3CF2(CF2CF2)n CH2CH(OAc)CH2N+(CH3)2CH2COO- where n = 2 to 4.
7. The composition according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 wherein the fluorinated surface active agent is an ethoxylated nonionic fluorosurfactant of the following structure: RfCH2CH2O(CH2CH2O)x H where Rf = F(CF2 CF2)y, x= 0 to 15, and y = 1 to 7.
8. The composition according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 wherein the fluorinated surface active agent is an anionic phosphate fluorosurfactant of the following structure: (RfCH2CH2O)x P(O)(ONH4)y where Rf = F(CF2 CF2)z, x = 1 or 2, y = 2 or 1, x + y = 3, and z = 1 to 7 or mixtures thereof.
9. The composition according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 wherein the fluorinated surface active agent is a mixture of two or more of the fluorinated surface active agents in claim 6, 7 or 8.
10. The composition according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9 wherein the alcohol is present in a range from 40 % to 90 % v/v.
11. The composition according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9 wherein the alcohol is ethanol present in an amount of at least 60% v/v.
12. The composition according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9 wherein the alcohol is a mixture of n-propanol and ethanol present in a combined amount of at least 60% v/v.
13. The composition according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9 wherein the alcohol is a mixture of isopropanol and ethanol present in a combined amount of at least 60% v/v.
14. The composition according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9 wherein the alcohol is isopropanol present in an amount of at least 70% v/v.
15. The composition according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9 wherein alcohol is n-propanol present in an amount of at least 60% v/v.
16. The composition according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 or 15 further comprising at least one additional surfactant.
17. The composition according to claim 16 wherein the additional surfactant is selected from the group consisting of a poly(ethoxylated) alcohol, poly(propoxylated) alcohol, a poly(ethoxylated) ester, poly(propoxylated) ester, a derivative of a poly(ethoxylated) alcohol, a derivative of a poly(propoxylated)alcohol, a derivative of a poly(ethoxylated), a derivative of a poly(propoxylated) ester, an alkyl alcohol, an alkenyl alcohol, an ester of a polyhydric alcohol, an ether of a polyhydric alcohol, an ester of a polyalkoxylated derivative of a polyhydric alcohol, an ether of a polyalkoxylated derivative of a polyhydric alcohol, a sorbitan fatty acid ester, a polyalkoxylated derivative of a sorbitan fatty acid ester, an alkylglucoside, a betaine, a sulfobetaine, an imidazoline derivative, an aminoacid derivative, a lecithin, a phosphatide, an amine oxide, a sulfoxide and mixtures thereof, present in an amount between 0.10 % to 5% by weight.
18. The composition according to claim 17 wherein the betaine is cocamidopropyl betaine.
19. The composition according to claim 17 wherein the alkylglucoside is cocoglucoside.
20. The composition according to claim 17 wherein the polyethoxylated fatty alcohol is polyethoxylated stearyl alcohol having 21 moles ethylene oxide.
21. The composition according to claim 17 wherein the polyethoxylated fatty alcohol is polyethoxylated stearyl alcohol having 2 moles ethylene oxide.
22. The composition according to claim 17 wherein the polyethoxylated fatty alcohol is a combination of polyethoxylated stearyl alcohol having 21 moles ethylene oxide and polyethoxylated stearyl alcohol having 2 moles ethylene oxide.
23. The composition according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21 or 22 comprising a foam stabilizing agent present in an amount up to 5% by weight.
24. The composition according to claim 22 wherein the foam stabilizing agent is selected from the group consisting of lactic acid esters of monoglycerides, cationic emulsifiers, triquaternized stearic phospholipid complex, hydroxystearamide propyltriamine salts, lactic acid monoglycerides, food emulsifiers selected from the group consisting of glyceryl monostearate, propylene glycol monostearate, sodium stearoyl lactylate and cetyl betaine, glycolether, n-propanol, butyleneglycol, silicone wax, an encapsulated oil, and combinations thereof.
25. The composition according to claim 23 wherein the foam stabilizing agent is selected from the group consisting of glycolether, n-propanol, butyleneglycol, and combinations thereof.
26. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 25 comprising any one of a moisturizer, emollient and combinations thereof selected from the group consisting of lanolin, vinyl alcohol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyols selected from the group consisting of glycerol, propylene glycol, butyleneglycol and sorbitol, a fatty alcohol selected from the group consisting of cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol and palmityl alcohol, ceteareth 20, an alkylglucoside and combinations thereof, present in an amount up to 5% by weight.
27. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 26 further comprising an acid or a base to adjust a pH of the composition to a pre-selected pH present in an amount from 0.05 to 0.5 % by weight of the total composition.
28. The composition according to claim 27 wherein when an acid is used to adjust the pH the acid is selected from the group consisting of hydrochloric acid, citric acid and phosphoric acid, and wherein when a base is used to adjust the pH the base is sodium sesquicarbonate.
29. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 28 comprising a preservative in an amount from 0.01 to 5 % by weight of the total composition.
30. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 29 comprising an antimicrobial agent.
31. The composition according to claim 30 wherein the antimicrobial agent is chlorhexidine gluconate present in an amount between 0.50 % to 4.0 % by weight.
32. The composition according to claim 30 wherein the antimicrobial agent is didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride present in an amount between 0.05 % to 5.0 % by weight.
33. The composition according to claim 30 wherein the antimicrobial agent is selected from the group consisting of a chlorhexidine salt, iodine, a complexed form of iodine, parachlorometaxylenol, triclosan, hexachlorophene, a phenol, a surfactant having a long chain hydrophobic group and a quaternary group, hydrogen peroxide, silver, a silver salt, silver oxide, and mixtures thereof.
34. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 33 further comprising constituents selected from the group consisting of organic gums, colloids lower alkanolamides of higher fatty acids, short chain diols or triols and a combination of diols and triols, fragrance, coloring matter, ultraviolet absorbers, solvents, suspending agents, buffers, conditioning agents, antioxidants, bactericides and medicinally active ingredients, and combinations thereof.
35. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 34 stored in an unpressurized dispenser having a dispenser pump for mixing the composition with air and dispensing foam therefrom.
36. The composition according to any one of claim 1 to 34 stored in a pressurized dispenser having a dispenser pump for mixing the composition with air or a propellant and dispensing foam therefrom, the composition comprising an aerosol propellant in an amount from 3 to 20 % by weight of the total composition.
37. The composition according to claim 36 wherein the aerosol propellant is selected from the group consisting of propane, carbon dioxide, butane, dichloro difluoro methane, dichloro tetra fluoro ethane, octafluorocyclo butane, 1, 1, 1,2-tetrafluoroethane, 1,1,1,2,3,3,3 heptafluoropropane, and 1,1,1,3,3,3,-hexafluoropropane.
38. The composition according to claim 36 or 37 comprising a corrosion inhibitor selected from the group consisting of sorbic acid, benzoic acid, potassium sorbate and sodium benzoate, in an amount from 0.1 to 5 % by weight of the total composition.
39. A concentrate suitable for manufacturing a foamable alcohol composition having constituents comprising;

a) an amphoteric, anionic or non-ionic fluorosurfactant which is physiologically acceptable for skin disinfecting present in an amount from 0.01 to 1.0 % by weight of the total composition such that the composition foams under low pressure conditions;

b) a foam stabilizing agent comprising at least from 0.01 to 12.0 % by weight of n-propanol;

c) one of moisturizers, emollients and combinations thereof present in a range from 0.05% to 5.0% by weight; and d) water; and wherein the foamable alcohol composition is constituted by mixing the concentrate with an alcohol composition comprising a C1-4 alcohol, or mixtures thereof, the alcohol being present in an amount such that when the concentrate is added to the alcohol composition the alcohol is present in an amount of at least 40% v/v of the total composition, such that the composition foams when mixed with air under low pressure conditions.
40. The concentrate according to claim 39 wherein the amphoteric, anionic or non-ionic fluorosurfactant is anionic phosphate fluorosurfactant of the following structure: (RfCH2CH2O)x P(O)(ONH4)y where Rf = F(CF2CF2)z, x= 1 or 2, y = 2 or 1, x + y = 3, and z = 1 to 7 or an ethoxylated nonionic fluorosurfactant of the following structure:
RfCH2CH2O(CH2CH2O)x H where Rf = F(CF2CF2)y, x= 0 to 15 and y = 1 to 7; or Polytetrafluoroethylene Acetoxypropyl Betaine having the following formula: CF3CF2(CF2CF2)n CH2CH(OAc)CH2N+(CH3)2CH2COO-, where n=
2-4, or mixtures thereof.
41. The concentrate according to claim 39 or 40 wherein the foam stabilizing agent comprises 1,3 Butyleneglycol and 2-Butoxyethanol.
42. The concentrate according to claim 39, 40 or 41 wherein the moisturizers and emollients comprise cocoglucoside, glycerine and glyceryl oleate.
43. The concentrate according to any one of claims 39 to 42 made by a process of mixing the constituents and then warming the concentrate to a temperature between 30 to 80 degrees Celsius prior to shipping the concentrate.
44. The concentrate according to any one of claims 39 to 43 wherein said effective fluorinated surface active agent is an anionic phosphate fluorosurfactant.
45. The composition according to claim 1 wherein said effective fluorinated surface active agent is an anionic phosphate fluorosurfactant.
46. An alcohol disinfecting composition foamable under low pressure when mixed with air at low pressure, comprising;

a) C1-4 alcohol, or mixtures thereof, present in an amount between 60% to 80% v/v of the total composition;

b) a physiologically acceptable fluorosurfactant present in an amount from 0.01 % to 2.0% by weight of the total composition such that the composition foams when mixed with air under low pressure conditions;

c) a foam stabilizing agent present in an amount from 0.01 to 12.0 % by weight;

d) any one of moisturizers, emollients and combinations thereof present in an amount from 0.05 to 5.0 % by weight; and e) water in an amount to balance the total composition to 100% by weight.
47. The alcohol disinfecting composition according to claim 46 comprising air, wherein when the disinfecting composition is mixed with air, the mixture of disinfecting composition and air forms a foam.
48. The alcohol disinfecting composition according to claim 46 or 47 wherein the fluorosurfactant is an amphoteric polytetrafluoroethylene acetoxypropyl betaine having the following formula:
CF3CF2(CF2CF2)n CH2CH(OAc)CH2N+(CH3)2CH2COO- where n = 2 to 4.
49. The alcohol disinfecting composition according to claim 46 or 47 wherein the fluorosurfactant is an ethoxylated nonionic fluorosurfactant of the following structure: RfCH2CH2O(CH2CH2O)x H where Rf = F(CF2CF2) y, x= 0 to 15 and y = 1 to 7.
50. The alcohol disinfecting composition according to claim 46 or 47 wherein the fluorosurfactant is an anionic phosphate fluorosurfactant of the following structure: (RfCH2CH2O)x P(O)(ONH4)y where Rf = F(CF2CF2)z, x= 1 or 2, y = 2 or 1, x + y = 3, and z = 1 to 7.
51. The alcohol disinfecting composition according to claim 46 or 47 wherein the physiologically acceptable fluorosurfactant is selected from the group consisting of fluorinated ethoxylates, glycerol esters, amine oxides, acetylenic alcohol derivatives, carboxylates, phosphates, carbohydrate derivatives, sulfonates, betaines, esters, polyamides, silicones, hydrocarbon surfactants, and a mixture of two or more of the fluorosurfactants in claim 47, 48 or 49.
52. The alcohol disinfecting composition according to claim 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 or 51 wherein the foam stabilizing agent is selected from the group consisting of lactic acid esters of monoglycerides, cationic emulsifiers, triquaternized stearic phospholipid complex, hydroxystearamide propyltriamine salts, lactic acid monoglycerides, food emulsifiers selected from the group consisting of glyceryl monostearate, propylene glycol monostearate and sodium stearoyl lactylate, silicone wax, an encapsulated oil, butyleneglycol, butoxyethanol,, n-propanol and mixtures thereof.
53. The alcohol disinfecting composition according to any one of claims 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 and 51 wherein the foam stabilizing agent is selected from the group consisting of butoxyethanol, glycolether, n-propanol, butyleneglycol, and combinations thereof.
54. The alcohol disinfecting composition according to claim 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52 or 53 comprising any one of a moisturizer, emollient and combinations thereof selected from the group consisting of lanolin, vinyl alcohol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyols selected from the group consisting of glycerol, propylene glycol, butyleneglycol and sorbitol, a fatty alcohol selected from the group consisting of cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol and palmityl alcohol, ceteareth 20, an alkylglucoside and combinations thereof.
55. The alcohol disinfecting composition according to claim 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52 or 53 comprising a moisturizer or an emollient selected from the group consisting of glyceryl oleate, glycerine, cocoglucoside and combinations thereof.
56. The alcohol disinfecting composition according to claim 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54 or 55 comprising an antimicrobial agent.
57. The alcohol disinfecting composition according to claim 56 wherein the antimicrobial agent is chlorhexidine gluconate present in an amount between 0.50 % to 4.0 % by weight.
58. The alcohol disinfecting composition according to claim 56 wherein the antimicrobial agent is didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride present in an amount between 0.50 % to 5.0 % by weight.
59. The alcohol disinfecting composition according to claim 56 wherein the antimicrobial agent is selected from the group consisting of a chlorhexidine salt, iodine, a complexed form of iodine, parachlorometaxylenol, triclosan, hexachlorophene, a phenol, a surfactant having a long chain hydrophobic group and a quaternary group, hydrogen peroxide, silver, a silver salt, silver oxide, and mixtures thereof.
60. The alcohol disinfecting composition according to any one of claims 46 to 59 comprising a preservative in an amount from 0.01 to 5 % by weight of the total composition.
61. The alcohol disinfecting composition according to any one of claims 46 to 60 further comprising an acid or a base to adjust a pH of the disinfecting composition to a pre-selected pH present in an amount from 0.05 to 0.5 % by weight of the total composition.
62. The alcohol disinfecting composition according to claim 61 wherein the acid is selected from the group consisting of hydrochloric acid, citric acid and phosphoric acid, and the base is sodium sesquicarbonate.
63. The alcohol disinfecting composition according to any one of claims 46 to 62 stored in an unpressurized dispenser having a dispenser pump for mixing the disinfecting composition with air and dispensing foam therefrom.
64. The alcohol disinfecting composition according to any one of claims 46 to 62 stored in a pressurized dispenser having a dispenser pump for mixing the disinfecting composition with air or a propellant and dispensing foam therefrom, the disinfecting composition comprising an aerosol propellant in an amount from 3 to 20 % by weight of the total composition.
65. The alcohol disinfecting composition according to claim 64 wherein the aerosol propellant is selected from the group consisting of propane, carbon dioxide, butane, dichloro difluoro methane, dichloro tetra fluoro ethane octafluorocyclo butane; 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane; 1,1,1,2,3,3,3 heptafluoropropane, and 1,1,1,3,3,3,-hexafluoropropane.
66. The alcohol disinfecting composition according to claim 64 or 65 comprising a corrosion inhibitor selected from the group consisting of sorbic acid, benzoic acid, potassium sorbate and sodium benzoate, in an amount from 0.1 to 5% by weight of the total composition.
67. The alcohol disinfecting composition according to any one of claims 46 to 66 further comprising other constituents or materials comprising organic gums, colloids, lower alkanolamides of higher fatty acids, short chain diols triols and a combination of diols and triols, fragrance, coloring matter, additional emollients, ultraviolet absorbers, solvents, emulsifiers, foam stabilizers, suspending agents, buffers, conditioning agents, antioxidants, bactericides, and medicinal active ingredients.
68. The composition according to claim 1 wherein said effective fluorinated surface active agent is an anionic phosphate fluorosurfactant.
69. A foamable skin disinfecting composition foamable under low pressure when mixed with air at low pressure; comprising;

a) ethanol present in an amount between 60% to 70% v/v of the total composition;

b) a physiologically acceptable fluorosurfactant or mixtures thereof in an amount from 0.01% to 2.0% by weight of the total composition such that the composition foams when mixed with air under low pressure conditions;
c) at least one secondary surfactant present in an amount from 0.01 to 10.0 % by weight;

d) a foam stabilizing agent; and e) water in an amount to balance the total composition to 100% by weight.
70. The alcohol disinfecting composition according to claim 69 wherein the fluorosurfactant is an amphoteric polytetrafluoroethylene acetoxypropyl betaine having the following formula:

CF3CF2(CF2CF2)n CH2CH(OAc)CH2N+(CH3) 2CH2COO where n = 2 to 4.
71. The alcohol disinfecting composition according to claim 69 wherein the fluorosurfactant is an ethoxylated nonionic fluorosurfactant of the following structure: RfCH2CH2O(CH2CH2O)x H where Rf = F(CF2CF2) y, X=
O to 15 and y=1to7.
72. The alcohol disinfecting composition according to claim 69 wherein the fluorosurfactant is an anionic phosphate fluorosurfactant of the following structure: (RfCH2CH2O)x P(O)(ONH4)y where Rf = F(CF2CF2)2, x=
1 or 2, y = 2 or 1, x + y = 3, and z=1 to 7.
73. The alcohol disinfecting composition according to claim 69 wherein the fluorosurfactant is selected from the group consisting of fluorinated ethoxylates, glycerol esters, amine oxides, acetylenic alcohol derivatives, carboxylates, phosphates, carbohydrate derivatives, sulfonates, betaines, ester-based fluorosurfactants, polyamides, silicones, and hydrocarbon-based fluorosurfactants, and mixtures of two or more of the fluorosurfactants in claim 70, 71 or 72.
74. The alcohol disinfecting composition according to claim 69, 70, 71, 72 or 73 wherein the secondary surfactant is at least one selected from the group consisting of a poly(ethoxylated) alcohol, poly(propoxylated) alcohol, a poly(ethoxylated) ester, poly(propoxylated) ester, a derivative of a poly(ethoxylated) alcohol, a derivative of a poly(propoxylated)alcohol, a derivative of a poly(ethoxylated), a derivative of a poly(propoxylated) ester, an alkyl alcohol, an alkenyl alcohol, an ester of a polyhydric alcohol, an ether of a polyhydric alcohol, an ester of a polyalkoxylated derivative of a polyhydric alcohol, an ether of a polyalkoxylated derivative of a polyhydric alcohol, a sorbitan fatty acid ester, a polyalkoxylated derivative of a sorbitan fatty acid ester, a betaine, a sulfobetaine, an imidazoline derivative, an aminoacid derivative, a lecithin, a phosphatide, an amine oxide, a sulfoxide and mixtures thereof, present in an amount between 0.10 % to 5% by weight.
75. The alcohol disinfecting composition according to claim 69, 70, 71, 72 or 73 wherein the secondary surfactant is cocoamidopropyl betaine.
76. The alcohol disinfecting composition according to claim 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74 or 75 comprising an emulsifier or mixture of emulsifiers present in an amount between 0.10 % to 1.5% by weight.
77. The alcohol disinfecting composition according to claim 76 wherein the emulsifier is a mixture of cetyl ethers and stearyl ethers of polyethylene oxide having an average of 20 oxide units.
78. The alcohol disinfecting composition according to claim 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76 or 77 wherein the foam stabilizing agent is cetyl betaine.
79. The alcohol disinfecting composition according to claim 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77 or 78 comprising an antimicrobial agent.
80. The alcohol disinfecting composition according to claim 79 wherein the antimicrobial agent is chlorhexidine gluconate present in an amount between 0.50 % to 4.0 % by weight.
81. The alcohol disinfecting composition according to claim 79 wherein the antimicrobial agent is didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride present in an amount between 0.50 % to 5.0 % by weight.
82. The alcohol disinfecting composition according to claim 81 wherein the antimicrobial agent is selected from the group of a chlorhexidine salt, iodine, a complexed form of iodine, parachlorometaxylenol, triclosan, hexachlorophene, a phenol, a surfactant having a long chain hydrophobic group and a quaternary group, hydrogen peroxide, silver, a silver salt, silver oxide, and mixtures thereof.
83. The alcohol disinfecting composition according to any one of claims 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81 or 82 comprising a preservative in an amount from 0.01 to 5% by weight of the total composition.
84. The alcohol disinfecting composition according to any one of claims 69 to 83 further comprising an acid or a base to adjust a pH of the disinfecting composition to a pre-selected pH present in an amount from 0.05 to 0.5 % by weight of the total composition.
85. The alcohol disinfecting composition according to claim 84 wherein the acid is selected from the group consisting of hydrochloric acid, citric acid and phosphoric acid, and the base is sodium sesquicarbonate.
86. The alcohol disinfecting composition according to any one of claims 69 to 85 stored in an unpressurized dispenser having a dispenser pump for mixing the disinfecting composition with air and dispensing foam therefrom.
87. The alcohol disinfecting composition according to any one of claims 69 to 85 stored in a pressurized dispenser having a dispenser pump for mixing the disinfecting composition with air or a propellant and dispensing foam therefrom, the disinfecting composition comprising an aerosol propellant in an amount from 3 to 20 % by weight of the total composition.
88. The alcohol disinfecting composition according to claim 87 wherein the aerosol propellant is selected from the group consisting of propane, carbon dioxide, butane, dichloro difluoro methane, dichloro tetra fluoro ethane octafluorocyclo butane; 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane; 1,1,1,2,3,3,3 heptafluoropropane, and 1,1,1,3,3,3,-hexafluoropropane.
89. The alcohol disinfecting composition according to claim 87 or 88 comprising a corrosion inhibitor selected from the group consisting of sorbic acid, benzoic acid, potassium sorbate and sodium benzoate, in an amount from 0.1 to 5 % by weight of the total composition.
90. The alcohol disinfecting composition according to any one of claims 69 to 89 comprising one of moisturizer, emollient and combination thereof, selected from the group consisting of lanolin, alkylglucoside, vinyl alcohol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyols selected from the group consisting of glycerol, propylene glycol, glyceryl oleate and sorbitol, and a fatty alcohol selected from the group consisting of cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, palmityl alcohol, ceteareth 20, and combinations thereof, present in an amount up to 5% by weight.
91. The alcohol disinfecting composition according to any one of claims 69 to 90 further comprising other constituents or materials comprising organic gums, colloids, lower alkanolamides of higher fatty acids, short chain diols, triols and a combination of diols and triols, fragrance, coloring matter, additional emollients, ultraviolet absorbers, solvents, emulsifiers, foam stabilizers, suspending agents, buffers, conditioning agents, antioxidants, bactericides, and medicinal active ingredients.
92. The concentrate according to any one of claims 39 to 44 made by a process of mixing the constituents and then shipping the concentrate, and just prior to reconstituting the concentrate with alcohol, warming the concentrate to a temperature between 30 to 80 degrees.
93. A method of forming a foam containing alcohol, comprising the steps of:

activating an unpressurized dispenser having a dispenser pump to dispense an alcohol-fluorosurfactant mixture with air under low pressure to form a low pressure foam containing alcohol which is dispensed from said dispenser, the alcohol-fluorosurfactant mixture comprising a C1-4 alcohol, or mixtures thereof, present in an amount greater than 40% v/v of the total composition, an effective fluorinated surface active agent for wetting and foaming, which is physiologically acceptable for skin disinfecting, present in an amount of at least 0.001 % by weight of the total composition, and water present in an amount to balance the total composition to 100% by weight.
94. The method according to claim 93 wherein the effective fluorinated surface active agent is a fluorosurfactant present in an amount from 0.001 % to 10.0% by weight of the total composition.
95. The method according to claim 93 or 94 wherein the effective fluorinated surface active agent is a physiologically acceptable fluorosurfactant, and wherein the fluorosurfactant is selected from the group consisting of fluorinated ethoxylates, glycerol esters, amine oxides, acetylenic alcohol derivatives, carboxylates, phosphates, carbohydrate derivatives, sulfonates, betaines, ester-based fluorosurfactants, polyamides, silicones, and hydrocarbon-based fluorosurfactants.
96. The method according to claim 93, 94 or 96 wherein the CI-4 alcohol is an aliphatic alcohol selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, n-propanol, butanol and combinations thereof.
97. The method according to claim 93, 94, 95 or 96 wherein the fluorosurfactant is an amphoteric polytetrafluoroethylene acetoxypropyl betaine having the following formula:
CF3CF2(CF2CF2)n CH2CH(OAc)CH2N+(CH3)2CH2COO where n = 2 to 4.
98. The method according to claim 93, 94, 95 or 96 wherein the fluorosurfactant is an ethoxylated nonionic fluorosurfactant of the following structure: RfCH2CH2O(CH2CH2O)x H where Rf = F(CF2CF2)y, x= 0 to 15, and y = 1 to 7.
99. The method according to claim 93, 94, 95 or 96 wherein the fluorosurfactant is an anionic phosphate fluorosurfactant of the following structure: (RfCH2CH2O)x P(O)(ONH4)y where Rf = F(CF2CF2)Z, x= 1 or 2, y = 2 or 1, x + y = 3, and z = 1 to 7 or mixtures thereof.
100. The method according to claim 93, 94, 95 or 96 wherein the fluorosurfactant is a mixture of two or more of the fluorosurfactants selected from the group consisting of fluorinated ethoxylates, glycerol esters, amine oxides, acetylenic alcohol derivatives, carboxylates, phosphates, carbohydrate derivatives, sulfonates, betaines, ester-based fluorosurfactants, polyamides, silicones, and hydrocarbon-based fluorosurfactants.
101. The method according to any one of claims 93 to 100 wherein the alcohol is present in a range from 40 % to 90 % v/v.
102. The method according to any one of claims 93 to 100 wherein the alcohol is ethanol present in an amount of at least 60% v/v.
103. The method according to any one of claims 93 to 100 wherein the alcohol is a mixture of n-propanol and ethanol present in a combined amount of at least 60% v/v.
104. The method according to any one of claims 93 to 100 wherein the alcohol is a mixture of isopropanol and ethanol present in a combined amount of at least 60% v/v.
105. The method according to any one of claims 93 to 100 wherein the alcohol is isopropanol present in an amount of at least 70% v/v.
106. The method according to any one of claims 93 to 100 wherein alcohol is n-propanol present in an amount of at least 60% v/v.
107. The method according to any one of claims 93 to 106 further comprising at least one additional surfactant.
108. The method according to claim 107 wherein the additional surfactant is selected from the group consisting of a poly(ethoxylated) alcohol, poly(propoxylated) alcohol, a poly(ethoxylated) ester, poly(propoxylated) ester, a derivative of a poly(ethoxylated) alcohol, a derivative of a poly(propoxylated)alcohol, a derivative of a poly(ethoxylated), a derivative of a poly(propoxylated) ester, an alkyl alcohol, an alkenyl alcohol, an ester of a polyhydric alcohol, an ether of a polyhydric alcohol, an ester of a polyalkoxylated derivative of a polyhydric alcohol, an ether of a polyalkoxylated derivative of a polyhydric alcohol, a sorbitan fatty acid ester, a polyalkoxylated derivative of a sorbitan fatty acid ester, an alkylglucoside, a betaine, a sulfobetaine, an imidazoline derivative, an aminoacid derivative, a lecithin, a phosphatide, an amine oxide, a sulfoxide and mixtures thereof, present in an amount between 0.10 % to 5% by weight.
109. The method according to claim 108 wherein the betaine is cocamidopropyl betaine.
110. The method according to claim 108 wherein the alkylglucoside is cocoglucoside.
111. The method according to claim 108 wherein the polyethoxylated fatty alcohol is polyethoxylated stearyl alcohol having 21 moles ethylene oxide.
112. The method according to claim 108 wherein the polyethoxylated fatty alcohol is polyethoxylated stearyl alcohol having 2 moles ethylene oxide.
113. The method according to claim 108 wherein the polyethoxylated fatty alcohol is a combination of polyethoxylated stearyl alcohol having 21 moles ethylene oxide) and polyethoxylated stearyl alcohol having 2 moles ethylene oxide.
114. The method according to any one of claims 93 to 113 comprising a foam stabilizing agent present in an amount up to 5% by weight.
115. The method according to claim 114 wherein the foam stabilizing agent is selected from the group consisting of lactic acid esters of monoglycerides, cationic emulsifiers, triquaternized stearic phospholipid complex, hydroxystearamide propyltriamine salts, lactic acid monoglycerides, food emulsifiers selected from the group consisting of glyceryl monostearate, propylene glycol monostearate, sodium stearoyl lactylate and cetyl betaine, glycolether, n-propanol, butyleneglycol, silicone wax, an encapsulated oil, and combinations thereof.
116. The method according to claim 114 wherein the foam stabilizing agent is selected from the group consisting of glycolether, n-propanol, butyleneglycol, and combinations thereof.
117. The method according to any one of claims 93 to 116 comprising any one of a moisturizer, emollient and combinations thereof selected from the group consisting of lanolin, vinyl alcohol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyols selected from the group consisting of glycerol, propylene glycol, butyleneglycol and sorbitol, a fatty alcohol selected from the group consisting of cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol and palmityl alcohol, ceteareth 20, an alkylglucoside and combinations thereof, present in an amount up to 5% by weight.
118. The method according to any one of claims 93 to 117 further comprising an acid or a base to adjust a pH of the composition to a pre-selected pH present in an amount from 0.05 to 0.5 % by weight of the total composition.
119. The method according to claim 118 wherein when an acid is used to adjust the pH the acid is selected from the group consisting of hydrochloric acid, citric acid and phosphoric acid, and wherein when a base is used to adjust the pH the base is sodium sesquicarbonate.
120. The method according to any one of claims 93 to 119-comprising a preservative in an amount from 0.01 to 5 % by weight of the total composition.
121. The method according to any one of claims 93 to 120 comprising an antimicrobial agent.
122. The method according to claim 121 wherein the antimicrobial agent is chlorhexidine gluconate present in an amount between 0.50 % to 4.0 %
by weight.
123. The method according to claim 121 wherein the antimicrobial agent is didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride present in an amount between 0.05 % to 5.0 % by weight.
124. The method according to claim 121 wherein the antimicrobial agent is selected from the group of a chlorhexidine salt, iodine, a complexed form of iodine, parachlorometaxylenol, triclosan, hexachlorophene, a phenol, a surfactant having a long chain hydrophobic group and a quaternary group, hydrogen peroxide, silver, a silver salt, silver oxide, and mixtures thereof.
125. The method according to any one of claims 93 to 124 further comprising constituents selected from the group consisting of organic gums, colloids, lower alkanolamides of higher fatty acids, short chain diols or triols and a combination of diols and triols, fragrance, coloring matter, ultraviolet absorbers, solvents, suspending agents, buffers, conditioning agents, antioxidants, bactericides and medicinally active ingredients, and combinations thereof.
126. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 38 wherein the composition has a surface tension less than 20 dynes/cm.
127. A method for personal disinfecting comprising:

applying to a person's skin a skin-disinfecting alcohol foam composition which comprises a) air mixed under low pressure conditions with b) a foamable liquid comprising i) a C1-4 alcohol, or mixtures thereof, present in an amount greater than 60% v/v of the total composition;

ii) water present in an amount to balance the total composition to 100% by weight; and iii) a physiologically acceptable effective fluorinated surface active agent for foaming present in an amount of at least 0.001 % by weight of the total composition.
128. A method for producing, and applying to a person's skin, a skin-disinfecting alcohol foam composition, comprising a) combining a C1-4 alcohol, or mixtures thereof, present in an amount greater than 60% v/v of the total composition with an effective physiologically acceptable fluorinated surface active agent for foaming present in an amount of at least 0.001 % by weight of the total composition, and water present in an amount to balance the total composition to 100%
by weight to form an alcohol-fluorosurfactant mixture and storing said composition in an unpressurized dispenser having a dispenser pump;
b) activating the dispenser pump to combine the alcohol-fluorosurfactant mixture with air to form and dispense a skin-disinfecting alcohol foam; and c) applying the skin-disinfecting alcohol foam to the person's skin.
129. The method according to claim 128 comprising a foam stabilizing agent.
130. The method according to claim 129 wherein said foam stabilizing agent is selected from the group consisting of 1,3-Butyleneglycol, Butoxyethanol and combinations thereof.
131. The method according to claim 129 or 130 wherein said foam stabilizing agent is present in a range from 0.001 to 3% by weight.
132. The method according to any one of claims 128 to 131 comprising a lipid layer enhancer.
133. The method according to claim 132 wherein said lipid layer enhancer is selected from the group consisting of alkylglucoside, glyceryl oleate and combinations thereof.
134. The method according to any one of claims 129 to 133 comprising n-propanol present in an amount of at least 1% v/v.
135. The method according to any one of claims 128 to 134 wherein said physiologically acceptable fluorinated surface active agent for foaming present in an amount from 0.001% to 2.0% by weight.
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