CA2526457A1 - Fibrous sheets coated or impregnated with biodegradable polymers or polymers blends - Google Patents

Fibrous sheets coated or impregnated with biodegradable polymers or polymers blends Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2526457A1
CA2526457A1 CA002526457A CA2526457A CA2526457A1 CA 2526457 A1 CA2526457 A1 CA 2526457A1 CA 002526457 A CA002526457 A CA 002526457A CA 2526457 A CA2526457 A CA 2526457A CA 2526457 A1 CA2526457 A1 CA 2526457A1
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CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
article
manufacture
fibrous sheet
thermoplastic
biodegradable polymer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
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CA002526457A
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French (fr)
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CA2526457C (en
Inventor
Simon K. Hodson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BioTec Biologische Naturverpackungen GmbH and Co KG
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Individual
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Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of CA2526457A1 publication Critical patent/CA2526457A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA2526457C publication Critical patent/CA2526457C/en
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
    • D21H19/10—Coatings without pigments
    • D21H19/14—Coatings without pigments applied in a form other than the aqueous solution defined in group D21H19/12
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/04—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as impregnant, bonding, or embedding substance
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B27/10—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of paper or cardboard
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
    • B32B27/20—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using fillers, pigments, thixotroping agents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/34—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyamides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B29/00—Layered products comprising a layer of paper or cardboard
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/02—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising animal or vegetable substances, e.g. cork, bamboo, starch
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B9/047—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material made of fibres or filaments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B9/06—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of paper or cardboard
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/12—Coating on the layer surface on paper layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2264/00—Composition or properties of particles which form a particulate layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2264/10—Inorganic particles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2264/00—Composition or properties of particles which form a particulate layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2264/10—Inorganic particles
    • B32B2264/101—Glass
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2264/00—Composition or properties of particles which form a particulate layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2264/10—Inorganic particles
    • B32B2264/102—Oxide or hydroxide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2264/00—Composition or properties of particles which form a particulate layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2264/10—Inorganic particles
    • B32B2264/104—Oxysalt, e.g. carbonate, sulfate, phosphate or nitrate particles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2264/00—Composition or properties of particles which form a particulate layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2264/10—Inorganic particles
    • B32B2264/107—Ceramic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2270/00—Resin or rubber layer containing a blend of at least two different polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/716—Degradable
    • B32B2307/7163—Biodegradable
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2317/00—Animal or vegetable based
    • B32B2317/12—Paper, e.g. cardboard
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2398/00—Unspecified macromolecular compounds
    • B32B2398/20—Thermoplastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2553/00—Packaging equipment or accessories not otherwise provided for
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/04—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the partial melting of at least one layer
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
    • Y02W90/10—Bio-packaging, e.g. packing containers made from renewable resources or bio-plastics
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31551—Of polyamidoester [polyurethane, polyisocyanate, polycarbamate, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31725—Of polyamide
    • Y10T428/31779—Next to cellulosic
    • Y10T428/31783—Paper or wood
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31786—Of polyester [e.g., alkyd, etc.]
    • Y10T428/3179—Next to cellulosic
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/2164—Coating or impregnation specified as water repellent
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/2213—Coating or impregnation is specified as weather proof, water vapor resistant, or moisture resistant

Abstract

Fibrous sheets are coated or impregnated with a biodegradable composition to render the sheets more resistant to penetration by liquids. Biodegradable polymer blends suitable for use in coating or impregnating a fibrous sheet can be manufactured from at least one "hard" biodegradable polymer and at least one "soft" biodegradable polymer. "Hard" biopolymers typically have a glass transition temperature of at least about 10~C. "Soft" biodegradable polymers typically have a glass transition temperature less than about 0~C. Another useful biodegradable polymer composition includes one or more biodegradable polymers and sufficient inorganic filler so as to render the treated sheet microwaveable. The biodegradable polymer compositions are especially well-suited for coating or impregnating paper sheets, e.g., 12-15 lb/3000 ft2 tissue paper to yield food wraps. Food wraps will typically be manufactured to have good "dead-fold" properties so as to remain in a wrapped position and not spring back to an "unwrapped" form.

Claims (51)

1. An article of manufacture comprising:
a fibrous sheet, at least a portion of the fibrous sheet being coated or impregnated with a biodegradable composition that renders the fibrous sheet more resistant to liquids, the biodegradable composition comprising:
at least one soft thermoplastic biodegradable polymer having a glass transition temperature less than about 0°C.; and at least one stiff thermoplastic biodegradable polymer having a glass transition temperature of at least about 10°C.
2. An article of manufacture as defined in claim 1, wherein the stiff thermoplastic biodegradable polymer comprises a modified polyethylene terephthalate in which a portion of the terephthalate groups are substituted with at least one aliphatic diacid.
3. An article of manufacture as defined in claim 1, wherein the stiff thermoplastic biodegradable polymer comprises at least one of a polyesteramide, a polyhydroxybutyrate having a glass transition temperature of at least about 10°C., a terpolymer including units formed from glycolide, lactide and s-caprolactone, or a polyesteramide formed from at least one diacid, at least one diol, and at least one amino acid.
4. An article of manufacture as defined in claim 1, wherein the stiff thermoplastic biodegradable polymer comprises at least one of a polylactic acid or a polylactic acid derivative.
5. An article of manufacture as defined in claim 1, wherein the soft thermoplastic biodegradable polymer comprises at least one of an aliphatic polyester including units formed from at least one of a lactide or a hydroxyacid having at least 4 carbon atoms, a polyester including units formed from succinic acid and an aliphatic diol, and at least one aliphatic diol, polycaprolactone, polyhydroxybutyrate-hydroxyvalerate copolymer, polybutylene succinate, polybutylene succinate adipate, polyethylene succinate, or thermoplastic starch.
6. An article of manufacture as defined in claim 1, wherein the soft thermoplastic biodegradable polymer comprises at least one of an aliphatic-aromatic copolyester including units formed from an aliphatic diol, an aliphatic diacid and an aromatic diacid or an aliphatic-aromatic copolyester including units formed from adipic acid, dialkyl terephthalate, and at least one aliphatic diol.
7. An article of manufacture as defined in claim 1, wherein the stiff thermoplastic biodegradable polymer is included in a range of about 20% to about 99%
by weight of the biodegradable composition.
8. An article of manufacture as defined in claim 1, wherein the stiff thermoplastic biodegradable polymer is included in a concentration of at least about 40%
by weight of the biodegradable composition.
9. An article of manufacture as defined in claim 1, wherein the stiff thermoplastic biodegradable polymer is included in a concentration of at least, but not including, 50% by weight of the biodegradable composition.
10. An article of manufacture as defined in claim 1, wherein the stiff thermoplastic biodegradable polymer has a glass transition temperature of at least about 15°C.
11. An article of manufacture as defined in claim 1, wherein the stiff thermoplastic biodegradable polymer has a glass transition temperature of at least about 25°C.
12. An article of manufacture as defined in claim 1, wherein the stiff thermoplastic biodegradable polymer has a glass transition temperature of at least about 35°C.
13. An article of manufacture as defined in claim 1, wherein the soft thermoplastic biodegradable polymer is included in a concentration up to about 70% by weight of the biodegradable composition.
14. An article of manufacture as defined in claim 1, wherein the stiff thermoplastic biodegradable polymer is included in a concentration up to, but not including, 50% by weight of the biodegradable composition.
15. An article of manufacture as defined in claim 1, wherein the stiff thermoplastic biodegradable polymer is included in a concentration up to about 45% by weight of the biodegradable composition.
16. An article of manufacture as defined in claim 1, wherein the soft thermoplastic biodegradable polymer has a glass transition temperature less than about -4°C.
17. An article of manufacture as defined in claim 1, wherein the soft thermoplastic biodegradable polymer has a glass transition temperature less than about -10°C.
18. An article of manufacture as defined in claim 1, wherein the soft thermoplastic biodegradable polymer has a glass transition temperature less than about -20°C.
19. An article of manufacture as defined in claim 1, wherein the soft thermoplastic biodegradable polymer has a glass transition temperature less than about -30°C.
20. An article of manufacture as defined in claim 1, the biodegradable composition further comprising at least one particulate filler.
21. An article of manufacture as defined in claim 20, the particulate filler being included in an amount so as to render the article of manufacture microwaveable.
22. An article of manufacture as defined in claim 20, the particulate filler being included in an amount of at least about 10% by weight of the biodegradable composition.
23. An article of manufacture as defined in claim 20, the particulate filler being included in an amount of at least about 20% by weight of the biodegradable composition.
24. An article of manufacture as defined in claim 20, the particulate filler being included in an amount of at least about 30% by weight of the biodegradable composition.
25. An article of manufacture as defined in claim 20, the particulate filler comprising at least one of silica, calcium carbonate, clay, talc, mica, alumina, or ceramic.
26. An article of manufacture as defined in claim 1, the biodegradable composition comprising a film or sheet that has been laminated to at least one side of the fibrous sheet.
27. An article of manufacture as defined in claim 1, the fibrous sheet comprising tissue paper, paper or paperboard.
28. An article of manufacture as defined in claim 1, the fibrous sheet comprising 8-60 1b/3000 ft2 paper prior to being coated or impregnated with the biodegradable composition.
29. An article of manufacture as defined in claim 1, the fibrous sheet comprising 12-15 1b/3000 ft2 tissue paper prior to being coated or impregnated with the biodegradable composition.
30. An article of manufacture comprising:
a fibrous sheet, at least a portion of the fibrous sheet being coated or impregnated with a biodegradable composition that renders the fibrous sheet more resistant to liquids, the biodegradable composition comprising at least one type of polyhydroxybutyrate.
31. An article of manufacture as defined in claim 30, the fibrous sheet comprising tissue paper, paper or paperboard.
32. An article of manufacture as defined in claim 30, the fibrous sheet comprising 12-15 1b/3000 ft2 tissue paper.
33. An article of manufacture as defined in claim 30, the biodegradable composition comprising at least about 30% by weight of an inorganic filler.
34. An article of manufacture as defined in claim 33, the inorganic filler comprising at least one of silica, sand, crushed rock, bauxite, granite, limestone, sandstone, glass beads, aerogel, xerogel, mica, clay, alumina, kaolin, microspheres, hollow glass spheres, porous ceramic spheres, gypsum, insoluble salts, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, calcium aluminate, magnesium carbonate, titanium dioxide, talc, ceramic, zirconium compounds, xonotlite (a crystalline calcium silicate gel), lightweight expanded clay, perlite, vermiculite, pumice, zeolites, minerals, or other geologic material.
35. An article of manufacture comprising:
a fibrous sheet, at least a portion of the fibrous sheet being coated or impregnated with a biodegradable composition that renders the fibrous sheet more resistant to liquids, the biodegradable composition comprising:
at least biodegradable polymer; and at least one inorganic filler included in a concentration of at least about 30% by weight of the biodegradable composition.
36. An article of manufacture as defined in claim 35, wherein the biodegradable composition comprises at least one soft biodegradable polymer having a glass transition temperature less than about 0° C.
37. An article of manufacture as defined in claim 36, wherein the biodegradable composition further comprises at least one stiff biodegradable polymer having a glass transition temperature of at least about 10° C
38. An article of manufacture as defined in claim 36, wherein the biodegradable composition comprises silica as the inorganic filler.
39. An article of manufacture as defined in claim 38, wherein the article of manufacture is microwaveable.
40. An article of manufacture as defined in claim 35, the fibrous sheet comprising 12-15 lb/3000 ft2 tissue paper.
41. A method of rendering a fibrous sheet more resistant to liquids, comprising:

providing a fibrous sheet; and coating or impregnating the fibrous sheet with a biodegradable composition in order to render the fibrous sheet more resistant to liquids, the thermoplastic biodegradable composition comprising:

at least one soft thermoplastic biodegradable polymer having a glass transition temperature less than about 0°C.; and at least one stiff thermoplastic biodegradable polymer having a glass transition temperature of at least about 10°C.
42. A method as defined in claim 41, the method comprising:

heating the thermoplastic biodegradable composition so as to form a thermoplastic melt comprising an initially flowable composition;

applying the thermoplastic melt to at least one side of the fibrous sheet so as to coat or impregnate the fibrous sheet; and allowing the thermoplastic melt to harden.
43. A method as defined in claim 42, wherein the thermoplastic melt is applied to the at least one side of the fibrous sheet using a doctor blade or by spraying.
44. A method as defined in claim 43, wherein the thermoplastic melt has a melt flow index of at least about 40 g/10 min.
45. A method as defined in claim 43, wherein the thermoplastic melt has a melt flow index of at least about 70 g/10 min.
46. A method as defined in claim 43, wherein the thermoplastic melt has a melt flow index of at least about 100 g/10 min.
47. A method as defined in claim 41, the method comprising:

heating the thermoplastic biodegradable composition so as to form a thermoplastic melt comprising an initially flowable composition;

forming a sheet or film from the thermoplastic melt; and laminating the sheet or film to at least one side of the fibrous sheet.
48. A method as defined in claim 47, wherein the sheet or film is formed by at least one of casting, extrusion or blowing.
49. A method as defined in claim 48, wherein the sheet or film is laminated to the fibrous sheet by co-extrusion.
50. A method as defined in claim 41, the fibrous sheet comprising tissue paper, paper or paperboard.
51. A method as defined in claim 50, the fibrous sheet comprising 12-15 1b/3000 ft2 tissue paper.
CA2526457A 2003-06-03 2004-06-02 Fibrous sheets coated or impregnated with biodegradable polymers or polymers blends Expired - Fee Related CA2526457C (en)

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