CA2495678A1 - Apparatus and method for diagnostic gas analysis - Google Patents

Apparatus and method for diagnostic gas analysis Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2495678A1
CA2495678A1 CA002495678A CA2495678A CA2495678A1 CA 2495678 A1 CA2495678 A1 CA 2495678A1 CA 002495678 A CA002495678 A CA 002495678A CA 2495678 A CA2495678 A CA 2495678A CA 2495678 A1 CA2495678 A1 CA 2495678A1
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CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
sensor
patient
sample
flow rate
exhalation
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Granted
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CA002495678A
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French (fr)
Other versions
CA2495678C (en
Inventor
Pontus Von Bahr
Tryggve Hemmingsson
Anders Jakobsson
Fredrik Gustafsson
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Circassia AB
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Individual
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Priority claimed from SE0202742A external-priority patent/SE0202742D0/en
Priority claimed from SE0202906A external-priority patent/SE0202906D0/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of CA2495678A1 publication Critical patent/CA2495678A1/en
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
    • G01N27/28—Electrolytic cell components
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/08—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for evaluating the respiratory organs
    • A61B5/0803—Recording apparatus specially adapted therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/08—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for evaluating the respiratory organs
    • A61B5/082—Evaluation by breath analysis, e.g. determination of the chemical composition of exhaled breath
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/08—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for evaluating the respiratory organs
    • A61B5/097—Devices for facilitating collection of breath or for directing breath into or through measuring devices
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/48—Other medical applications
    • A61B5/486—Bio-feedback
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/74—Details of notification to user or communication with user or patient ; user input means
    • A61B5/7405—Details of notification to user or communication with user or patient ; user input means using sound
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/74—Details of notification to user or communication with user or patient ; user input means
    • A61B5/742—Details of notification to user or communication with user or patient ; user input means using visual displays
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/75—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated
    • G01N21/76—Chemiluminescence; Bioluminescence
    • G01N21/766—Chemiluminescence; Bioluminescence of gases
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/0004—Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
    • G01N33/0009—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment
    • G01N33/0027—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the detector
    • G01N33/0036—Specially adapted to detect a particular component
    • G01N33/0037—Specially adapted to detect a particular component for NOx
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
    • G01N33/483—Physical analysis of biological material
    • G01N33/497—Physical analysis of biological material of gaseous biological material, e.g. breath
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/0004—Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
    • G01N33/0009—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment
    • G01N33/0011—Sample conditioning
    • G01N33/0016—Sample conditioning by regulating a physical variable, e.g. pressure, temperature
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
    • Y10T436/17—Nitrogen containing
    • Y10T436/177692—Oxides of nitrogen
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
    • Y10T436/17—Nitrogen containing
    • Y10T436/177692—Oxides of nitrogen
    • Y10T436/179228—Both nitrogen oxide and dioxide
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
    • Y10T436/25—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing including sample preparation
    • Y10T436/25375—Liberation or purification of sample or separation of material from a sample [e.g., filtering, centrifuging, etc.]

Abstract

The invention concerns a handheld, small but accurate and reliable device for diagnostic NO measurements using a NO sensor, where the parameters governing the taking of the sample are different from the parameters optimal for the accuracy of said NO sensor. By temporarily storing a portion of the exhaled air, and feeding this to the sensor at a flow rate adapted to the NO sensor, the accuracy and sensitivity of a system / method involving NO sensors, in particular electrochemical NO sensors, can be increased. The method for diagnostic NO measurements comprises steps for controlling the inhalation of NO free air, as well as the exhalation, both by built-in means and by audible and/or visual feedback to the patient.

Claims (29)

1. Device for diagnostic NO measurements, characterized in that said device comprises a NO sensor (11), an inlet (1) through which a patient exhales at a predetermined flow rate and pressure, a buffer chamber (7) for temporarily storing a portion of the exhaled air, and means (10) for feeding said portion of the sample to said NO sensor at a flow rate suitable for said sensor.
2. Device according to claim 1, wherein the device comprises a flow regulator (6) for controlling the exhalation flow.
3. Device according to claim 1, wherein the means (10) for feeding said portion of the sample to said NO sensor operates to create a steady flow of about 0.5 to 10 ml/s during a time period longer than the duration of the exhalation.
4. Device according to claim 1, wherein the device comprises means(12)for equalizing the humidity of the sample.
5. Device according to claim 4, wherein said means for equalizing the humidity of the sample consist of a length of tube, made from a catalytic membrane material.
6. Device according to claim 1, wherein the device comprises means for verifying the parameters of the inhalation and controlling the parameters of exhalation.
7. Device according to claim 6, wherein said means comprise a pressure sensor (2) and means for giving feedback to the patient.
8. Device according to claim 6, wherein said means further comprise a flow sensor and means for controlling the flow and/or giving feedback to the patient.
9. Device according to claim 6, wherein said means further comprise a pressure sensor (2) capable of measuring absolute pressure in order to make it possible to compensate for varying partial pressure of NO depending on variations in ambient pressure.
10. Device according to claim 1, wherein the buffer chamber (7) is a maze.
11. Device according to claim 1, wherein the buffer chamber (7) consists of a cylinder with a movable piston.
12. Device according to claim 1, wherein the buffer chamber (7) consists of a length of tube.
13. Device according to claim 1, wherein the device comprises a NO-scrubber through which a patient inhales directly prior to exhaling into the device, thus ensuring that the dead space of the respiratory tract of the patient is filled with NO-free air.
14. Device according to claim 1, wherein the device further comprises an interface for receiving a smartcard on which data linked to a specific user can be stored, and onto which measurement data can be recorded.
15. Device according to claim 14, wherein the device is capable of adapting to different users or different user groups, based on the data stored on the smartcard.
16. Device according to claim 1, wherein said NO sensor is an electrochemical sensor.
17. Device according to claim 1, wherein the sample flow rate when led to the sensor is lower than the exhalation flow rate.
18. A smartcard suitable for use in a device according to claim 1, said smartcard carrying data concerning an individual patient or patient group, wherein at least the following data are recorded on said smartcard - date and time of measurement - measured FE No - sensor ID No - device ID No
19. Method for diagnostic NO measurements using a device comprising a NO sensor, characterized in that:
- a patient exhales into said device, - the exhalation flow rate and pressure is controlled to at least one preset value, respectively, - a sample of the exhalation air is temporarily stored in a buffer chamber, - said sample is fed to said electrochemical NO sensor at a flow rate suitable for said sensor, and - the NO concentration is determined in said sample.
20. Method according to claim 19, wherein the patient inhales NO-free air prior to exhaling into the device.
21. Method according to claim 19, wherein the patient inhales through a NO-scrubber integrated in said device, supplying NO-free air to the patient, prior to exhaling into the device.
22. Method according to claim 19, wherein the patient is given audible or visual feedback during the inhalation and exhalation steps, in order to support the correct performance of said steps.
23. Method according to claim 19, wherein the exhalation flow rate is controlled to a value of about 20 to 800 ml/s and the rate at which the sample is fed to the sensor is about 0.5 to 10 ml/s.
24. Method according to claim 19, wherein said NO sensor is an electrochemical sensor.
25. Method according to claim 19, wherein the sample flow rate when led to the sensor is lower than the exhalation flow rate.
26. A method according to any one of claims 19 - 25, wherein at least one of the following steps is included:
- the patient enters information relating to his/her intake of a medicament - the patient subjectively assesses his/her state of health and enters corresponding information.
27. A computer program comprising the instructions for performing the method according to any one of the claims 19 through 25.
28. A computer program according to claim 27, when stored on a medium.
29. Method for the diagnostic determination on NO in a gas sample, where the parameters governing the taking of the sample are different from the parameters optimal for the accuracy of the NO measurement, characterized in that a device according to any one of claim 1 - 17 is used.
CA2495678A 2002-09-16 2003-09-11 Apparatus and method for diagnostic gas analysis Expired - Lifetime CA2495678C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE0202742A SE0202742D0 (en) 2002-09-16 2002-09-16 Apparatus and method for diagnostic gas analysis
SE0202742-3 2002-09-16
SE0202906A SE0202906D0 (en) 2002-10-02 2002-10-02 Apparatus and method for diagnostic gas analysis
SE0202906-4 2002-10-02
PCT/SE2003/001420 WO2004023997A1 (en) 2002-09-16 2003-09-11 Apparatus and method for diagnostic gas analysis

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2495678A1 true CA2495678A1 (en) 2004-03-25
CA2495678C CA2495678C (en) 2011-12-06

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ID=31996346

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CA2495678A Expired - Lifetime CA2495678C (en) 2002-09-16 2003-09-11 Apparatus and method for diagnostic gas analysis

Country Status (11)

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US (4) US7846739B2 (en)
EP (2) EP1661514B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4472533B2 (en)
CN (2) CN102188247B (en)
AT (2) ATE401825T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2003259001B2 (en)
CA (1) CA2495678C (en)
DE (3) DE60322446D1 (en)
ES (2) ES2311264T3 (en)
HK (1) HK1083999A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2004023997A1 (en)

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