CA2482202A1 - Systems and methods for magnetic-resonance-guided interventional procedures - Google Patents

Systems and methods for magnetic-resonance-guided interventional procedures Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2482202A1
CA2482202A1 CA002482202A CA2482202A CA2482202A1 CA 2482202 A1 CA2482202 A1 CA 2482202A1 CA 002482202 A CA002482202 A CA 002482202A CA 2482202 A CA2482202 A CA 2482202A CA 2482202 A1 CA2482202 A1 CA 2482202A1
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
conductor
probe
electrode
electrically coupled
frequency energy
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CA002482202A
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
CA2482202C (en
Inventor
Robert C. Susil
Ergin Atalar
Albert Lardo
Henry R. Halperin
Ronald D. Berger
Elliot Mcveigh
Hugh Calkins
Joao Lima
Paul Bottomley
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ClearPoint Neuro Inc
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of CA2482202A1 publication Critical patent/CA2482202A1/en
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Publication of CA2482202C publication Critical patent/CA2482202C/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
    • A61B18/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
    • A61B18/14—Probes or electrodes therefor
    • A61B18/1492—Probes or electrodes therefor having a flexible, catheter-like structure, e.g. for heart ablation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
    • A61N1/02—Details
    • A61N1/04—Electrodes
    • A61N1/05—Electrodes for implantation or insertion into the body, e.g. heart electrode
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
    • A61N1/02—Details
    • A61N1/08—Arrangements or circuits for monitoring, protecting, controlling or indicating
    • A61N1/086—Magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] compatible leads
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
    • G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
    • G01R33/28—Details of apparatus provided for in groups G01R33/44 - G01R33/64
    • G01R33/285—Invasive instruments, e.g. catheters or biopsy needles, specially adapted for tracking, guiding or visualization by NMR
    • G01R33/287—Invasive instruments, e.g. catheters or biopsy needles, specially adapted for tracking, guiding or visualization by NMR involving active visualization of interventional instruments, e.g. using active tracking RF coils or coils for intentionally creating magnetic field inhomogeneities
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2018/00636—Sensing and controlling the application of energy
    • A61B2018/00773—Sensed parameters
    • A61B2018/00839—Bioelectrical parameters, e.g. ECG, EEG
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
    • A61B90/36—Image-producing devices or illumination devices not otherwise provided for
    • A61B90/37—Surgical systems with images on a monitor during operation
    • A61B2090/374—NMR or MRI

Abstract

Herein is disclosed a probe, including a first electrode disposed at least partially on the probe surface, a second electrode disposed at least partially on the probe surface, a first conductor electrically coupled to the first electrode, a second conductor electrically coupled to the second electrode, and a reactive element electrically coupling the first conductor and the second conductor.

Claims (41)

1. A probe, comprising:
a first electrode disposed at least partially on the probe surface;
a second electrode disposed at least partially on the probe surface;
a first conductor electrically coupled to the first electrode;
a second conductor electrically coupled to the second electrode; and a reactive element electrically coupling the first conductor and the second conductor.
2. The probe of claim 1, wherein the reactive element conducts a high frequency signal between the first conductor and the second conductor.
3. The probe of claim 2, wherein the high frequency signal has a frequency higher than about 10 MegaHertz (MHz).
4. The probe of claim 1, wherein the reactive element conducts a signal including magnetic resonance imaging frequency energy between the first conductor and the second conductor.
5. The probe of claim 1, wherein at least one of the first conductor and the second conductor conducts a low frequency signal to at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode.
6. The probe of claim 5, wherein the low frequency signal has a frequency of up to about 500 kiloHertz (KHz).
7. The probe of claim 6, wherein the frequency is in the range from about 100 Hertz (Hz) to about 1 kHz.
8. The probe of claim 6, wherein the frequency is about 100 kHz.
9. The probe of claim 1, wherein the reactive element conducts a signal including ablation frequency energy to at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode.
10. The probe of claim 1, wherein the reactive element conducts a signal including biopotential recording frequency energy to at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode.
11. The probe of claim 1, wherein the probe further comprises a lumen.
12. The probe of claim 1, wherein the reactive element comprises at least one of a high-pass filter, a low-pass filter, a band-pass filter, and a capacitor.
13. The probe of claim 1, wherein the first conductor couples to the first electrode through a reactance.
14. The probe of claim 13, wherein the reactance comprises at least one of an inductor and an LC circuit.
15. The probe of claim 1, wherein at least one of the first conductor, the second conductor, the first electrode, and the second electrode comprises at least one of a magnetic resonance compatible material, a superelastic material, copper, gold, silver, platinum, iridium, MP35N, tantalum, titanium, Nitinol, L605, gold-platinum-iridium, gold-copper-iridium, and gold-platinum.
16. The probe of claim 1, wherein the first conductor and the second conductor are electrically coupled to a tuning/matching/decoupling circuit.
17. The probe of claim 1, wherein the first conductor and the second conductor are electrically coupled to a signal splitting circuit.
18. The probe of claim 1, wherein the first conductor and the second conductor are electrically coupled by at least one capacitor.
19. The probe of claim 1, further comprising a third conductor electrically coupled to a third electrode, and a fourth conductor electrically coupled to a fourth electrode, wherein a first signal including high frequency energy is conducted between the first conductor and the second conductor through the reactive element, and a second signal including low frequency energy is conducted to at least one of the third electrode and the fourth electrode.
20. The probe of claim 1 further comprising a shaft, the shaft including at least one of Kevlar, nylon, Teflon, polyethylene, polyolefin, PTFE, polyurethane, PEBAX, braided Kevlar, and braided nylon.
21. The probe of claim 1, wherein the probe surface is covered by a lubricious coating.
22. The probe of claim 1, wherein the probe has an outer diameter in the range of about 1 French to about 15 French.
23. The probe of claim 1, wherein the probe has a length in the range of about cm to about 200 cm.
24. The probe of claim 1, wherein the probe further comprises a pull wire.
25. The probe of claim 1, wherein the first conductor, the reactive element, and the second conductor form a loop antenna.
26. The probe of claim 1, wherein the first conductor, the reactive element, and the second conductor form a loopless antenna.
27. A magnetic resonance imaging probe, comprising:
a coaxial cable including an inner conductor and an outer shield; and a split ring electrode including a first portion and a second portion, the first portion being electrically coupled to the inner conductor, and the second portion being electrically coupled to the outer shield.
28. The probe of claim 27, wherein the inner conductor and the outer shield are electrically coupled by a reactive element.
29. The probe of claim 28, wherein the reactive element comprises at least one of a high-pass filter, a low-pass filter, a band-pass filter, and a capacitor.
30. A magnetic resonance imaging probe, comprising:
a coaxial cable including an inner conductor and an outer shield;
a first split ring electrode electrically coupled to the inner conductor; and a second split ring electrode electrically coupled to the outer conductor;
wherein the first split ring and the second split ring are electrically coupled by a first reactive element.
31. The probe of claim 30, wherein the inner conductor and the outer shield are electrically coupled by a second reactive element.
32. The probe of claim 31, wherein the second reactive element comprises at least one of a high-pass filter, a low-pass filter, a band-pass filter, and a capacitor.
33. The probe of claim 30, wherein the first reactive element comprises at least one of a high-pass filter, a low-pass filter, a band-pass filter, and a capacitor.
34. A magnetic resonance imaging probe, comprising:
a coaxial cable including an inner conductor and an outer shield;
a first split ring electrode electrically coupled to the inner conductor; and a second split ring electrode electrically coupled to the outer conductor;
a first center split ring electrode electrically coupled to the first split ring electrode and to a first conductor;
a second center split ring electrode electrically coupled to the first center split ring electrode and to the second split ring electrode, and also coupled to a second conductor.
35. A magnetic resonance imaging probe, comprising:
a first electrode disposed on the probe surface;
a second electrode disposed on the probe surface;
a first conductor electrically coupled to the first electrode through a reactance;
a second conductor electrically coupled to the second electrode through a reactance; and a frequency-dependent reactive element electrically coupling the first conductor and the second conductor, such that high-frequency energy is conducted between the first conductor and the second conductor.
36. A system for magnetic resonance imaging, comprising:
a magnetic resonance imaging probe, including:
a first electrode disposed on the probe surface;
a second electrode disposed on the probe surface;

a first conductor electrically coupled to the first electrode through a reactance;
a second conductor electrically coupled to the second electrode through a reactance; and a frequency-dependent reactive element electrically coupling the first conductor and the second conductor, such that high-frequency energy is conducted between the first conductor and the second conductor;
an interface electrically coupled to the probe, the interface including a tuning/matching/decoupling circuit and a signal splitting circuit; and an MRI scanner electrically coupled to the interface.
37. A method for simultaneously imaging and ablating a tissue, comprising:
exposing the tissue to a magnetic field, the field including a static component and a gradient component;
placing a probe adjacent to the tissue, the probe including:
a first electrode disposed at least partially on the probe surface;
a second electrode disposed at least partially on the probe surface;
a first conductor electrically coupled to the first electrode;
a second conductor electrically coupled to the second electrode; and a frequency-dependent reactive element electrically coupling the first conductor and the second conductor, such that high-frequency energy is conducted between the first conductor and the second conductor, and low frequency energy is conducted to at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode;
directing low-frequency energy to the probe, the low frequency energy being conducted to the tissue by at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode; and receiving high-frequency energy from at least one of the first conductor and the second conductor for imaging at least one of the probe and the tissue.
38. A method for simultaneously imaging a tissue and measuring a bioelectric potential in the tissue, comprising:
exposing the tissue to a magnetic field, the field including a static component and a gradient component;
placing a probe adjacent to the tissue, the probe including:
a first electrode disposed at least partially on the probe surface;
a second electrode disposed at least partially on the probe surface;
a first conductor electrically coupled to the first electrode;
a second conductor electrically coupled to the second electrode; and a frequency-dependent reactive element electrically coupling the first conductor and the second conductor, such that high-frequency energy is conducted between the first conductor and the second conductor, and low frequency energy is conducted to at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode;
receiving low-frequency energy from the probe, the low frequency energy being conducted from at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode; and receiving high-frequency energy from at least one of the first conductor and the second conductor for imaging at least one of the probe and the tissue.
39. A method for simultaneously imaging a tissue, ablating the tissue, and measuring a bioelectric potential in the tissue, comprising:
exposing the tissue to a magnetic field, the field including a static component and a gradient component;

placing a probe adjacent to the tissue, the probe including:
a first electrode disposed at least partially on the probe surface;
a second electrode disposed at least partially on the probe surface;
a first conductor electrically coupled.to the first electrode;
a second conductor electrically coupled to the second electrode; and a frequency-dependent reactive element electrically coupling the first conductor and the second conductor, such that high-frequency energy is conducted between the first conductor and the second conductor, and low-frequency and medium-frequency energy is conducted to at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode;
receiving low-frequency energy from the probe, the low frequency energy being conducted from at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode;
directing medium-frequency energy to the probe, the medium-frequency energy being conducted to the tissue by at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode; and receiving high-frequency energy from the probe, the high-frequency energy including magnetic resonance imaging data.
40. A method for simultaneously imaging and treating a tissue, comprising:
exposing the tissue to a magnetic field, the field including a static component and a gradient component;
placing a probe adjacent to the tissue, the probe including:
a first electrode disposed at least partially on the probe surface;
a second electrode disposed at least partially on the probe surface;
a first conductor electrically coupled to the first electrode;
a second conductor electrically coupled to the second electrode; and a frequency-dependent reactive element electrically coupling the first conductor and the second conductor, such that high-frequency energy is conducted between the first conductor and the second conductor;
delivering a therapy to the tissue; and receiving high-frequency energy from the probe, the high-frequency energy having magnetic resonance imaging data.
41. The method of claim 40, wherein the therapy comprises at least one of ablation energy, heat, ultrasound energy, a substance discharged through a lumen of the probe, and monitoring the delivering.
CA2482202A 2001-04-13 2002-04-15 Systems and methods for magnetic-resonance-guided interventional procedures Expired - Lifetime CA2482202C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US28372501P 2001-04-13 2001-04-13
US60/283,725 2001-04-13
PCT/US2002/011984 WO2002083016A1 (en) 2001-04-13 2002-04-15 Systems and methods for magnetic-resonance-guided interventional procedures

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CA2482202A1 true CA2482202A1 (en) 2002-10-24
CA2482202C CA2482202C (en) 2012-07-03

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CA (1) CA2482202C (en)
WO (1) WO2002083016A1 (en)

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