CA2480220A1 - Method and apparatus for generating power by combustion of vaporized fuel - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for generating power by combustion of vaporized fuel Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2480220A1
CA2480220A1 CA002480220A CA2480220A CA2480220A1 CA 2480220 A1 CA2480220 A1 CA 2480220A1 CA 002480220 A CA002480220 A CA 002480220A CA 2480220 A CA2480220 A CA 2480220A CA 2480220 A1 CA2480220 A1 CA 2480220A1
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CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
flow passage
capillary flow
liquid fuel
capillary
control valve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CA002480220A
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French (fr)
Other versions
CA2480220C (en
Inventor
Roberto O. Pellizzari
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Philip Morris Products SA
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of CA2480220A1 publication Critical patent/CA2480220A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA2480220C publication Critical patent/CA2480220C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/36—Details, e.g. burner cooling means, noise reduction means
    • F23D11/44—Preheating devices; Vaporising devices
    • F23D11/441—Vaporising devices incorporated with burners
    • F23D11/448—Vaporising devices incorporated with burners heated by electrical means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/36—Details, e.g. burner cooling means, noise reduction means
    • F23D11/44—Preheating devices; Vaporising devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/36—Details, e.g. burner cooling means, noise reduction means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D91/00—Burners specially adapted for specific applications, not otherwise provided for
    • F23D91/02—Burners specially adapted for specific applications, not otherwise provided for for use in particular heating operations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L15/00—Heating of air supplied for combustion
    • F23L15/04—Arrangements of recuperators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L7/00—Supplying non-combustible liquids or gases, other than air, to the fire, e.g. oxygen, steam
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in air; Combustion processes therefor
    • F23C2900/03001—Miniaturized combustion devices using fluid fuels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
    • F23D2900/00002—Cleaning burner parts, e.g. burner tips
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Abstract

The apparatus includes at least one capillary flow passage (12), said capillary flow passage having an inlet end (14) and an outlet end (16), the inlet end in fluid communication with the source of liquid fuel (F), a heat source (20) arranged along the at least one capillary flow passage, the heat source operable to heat the liquid fuel in the at least one capillary flow passage to a level sufficient to change at least a portion thereof from a liquid state to a vapor state and deliver a stream of substantially vaporized fuel from the outlet end of the at least one capillary flow passage, a combustion chamber for combusting the stream of substantially vaporized fuel and air (C), the combustion chamber in communication with the outlet end of the at least one capillary flow passage and a conversion device operable to convert heat released by combustion in the combustion chamber into mechanical or electrical power.

Claims (20)

1. An apparatus for producing power from a source of liquid fuel, comprising:
(a) at least one capillary flow passage, said at least one capillary flow passage having an inlet end and an outlet end, said inlet end in fluid communication with the source of liquid fuel;
(b) a heat source arranged along said at least one capillary flow passage, said heat source operable to heat the liquid fuel in said at least one capillary flow passage to a level sufficient to change at least a portion thereof from a liquid state to a vapor state and deliver a stream of substantially vaporized fuel from said outlet end of said at least one capillary flow passage;
(c) a combustion chamber for combusting the stream of substantially vaporized fuel and air, said combustion chamber in communication with said outlet end of said at least one capillary flow passage; and (d) a conversion device operable to convert heat released by combustion in said combustion chamber into mechanical and/or electrical power.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said heat source comprises a resistance-heating element.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 or 2, further comprising a fluid control valve which controls the flow of liquid fuel from the liquid fuel source.
4. The apparatus of any proceeding claim, wherein said at least one capillary flow passage comprises at least one capillary tube.
5. The apparatus of any proceeding claim, wherein said heat source comprises a section of said capillary tube heated by passing an electrical current therethrough.
6. The apparatus of any preceding claim, further comprising means for cleaning deposits formed during operation of the apparatus.
7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein said means for cleaning deposits includes a fluid control valve for controlling the flow of liquid fuel from the liquid fuel source, said heat source and an oxidizer control valve for placing said at least one capillary flow passage in fluid communication with an oxidizer, said heat source also being operable to heat the oxidizer in said at least one capillary flow passage to a level sufficient to oxidize deposits formed during the heating of the liquid fuel, wherein said oxidizer control valve for placing said at least one capillary flow passage in fluid communication with an oxidizer is operable to alternate between the introduction of liquid fuel and the introduction of oxidizer into said capillary flow passage and enables in-situ cleaning of said capillary flow passage when the oxidizer is introduced into said at least one capillary flow passage.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein said at least one capillary flow passage comprises a plurality of capillary flow passages, each of said capillary flow passages being in fluid communication with a supply of fuel and a supply of oxidizing gas.
9. The apparatus of claim 7 or 8, wherein the oxidizer comprises air, exhaust gas, steam and mixtures thereof.
10. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein said means for cleaning deposits comprises means for abrading deposits formed during operation of the apparatus.
11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein said means for abrading deposits comprises an axially movable rod positioned so as to be in axial alignment with said at least one capillary flow passage.
12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein said means for abrading deposits comprises cleaning brushes disposed along said axially moveable rod.
13. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein said means for cleaning deposits includes a fluid control valve for controlling the flow of liquid fuel from the liquid fuel source and a solvent control valve for placing said at least one capillary f low passage in fluid communication with a solvent, said solvent control valve disposed at one end of said at least one capillary flow passage, and wherein said solvent control valve for placing said at least one capillary flow passage in fluid communication with a solvent is operable to alternate between the introduction of liquid fuel and the introduction of solvent into said capillary flow passage and enables in-situ cleaning of said capillary flow passage when the solvent is introduced into said at least one capillary flow passage.
14. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein said means for cleaning deposits includes a fluid control valve for controlling the flow of liquid fuel from the liquid fuel source, said fluid control valve operable for placing said at least one capillary flow passage in fluid communication with a solvent, enabling in-situ cleaning of said capillary flow passage when the solvent is introduced into said at least one capillary flow passage.
15. The apparatus o f claim 14, wherein the solvent comprises liquid fuel from the liquid fuel source and wherein the heat source is phased-out during cleaning of said capillary flow passage.
16. The apparatus of any proceeding claim, wherein said heat source is affective to vaporize the liquid fuel to a level affective to reduce the ignition energy requirements of the igniter.
17. The apparatus of any preceding claim, wherein said conversion device comprises a device selected from the group consisting of a micro-turbine, a micro-turbine with electrical generator, a Stirling engine, a Stirling engine with electrical generator, a thermoelectric device and a thermophotovoltaic device.
18. A method of generating power, comprising;
(a) supplying liquid fuel to at least one capillary flow passage;
(b) causing a stream of substantially vaporized fuel to pass through an outlet of the at least one capillary flow passage by heating the liquid fuel in the at least one capillary flow passage;
(c) combusting the vaporized fuel in a combustion chamber;
and (d) converting heat produced by combustion of the vaporized fuel in the combustion chamber into mechanical and/or electrical power using a conversion device.
19. The method of claim 18, wherein the at least one capillary flow passage includes at least one capillary tube and the heat source comprises a resistance heating element or section of the capillary tube heated by passing an electrical current therethrough, the method further including flowing the liquid fuel through the capillary tube and vaporizing the liquid fuel by heating the tube.
20. The method of claim 18 or 19, wherein the conversion device comprises a device selected from the group consisting of a micro-turbine, a micro-turbine with electrical generator, a Stirling engine, a Stirling engine with electrical generator, a thermoelectric device and a thermophotovoltaic device.
CA2480220A 2002-03-22 2003-03-24 Method and apparatus for generating power by combustion of vaporized fuel Expired - Fee Related CA2480220C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US36713102P 2002-03-22 2002-03-22
US60/367,131 2002-03-22
US10/143,463 2002-05-10
US10/143,463 US7313916B2 (en) 2002-03-22 2002-05-10 Method and apparatus for generating power by combustion of vaporized fuel
PCT/US2003/009220 WO2003083367A2 (en) 2002-03-22 2003-03-24 Method and apparatus for generating power by combustion of vaporized fuel

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2480220A1 true CA2480220A1 (en) 2003-10-09
CA2480220C CA2480220C (en) 2011-11-01

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA2480220A Expired - Fee Related CA2480220C (en) 2002-03-22 2003-03-24 Method and apparatus for generating power by combustion of vaporized fuel

Country Status (13)

Country Link
US (1) US7313916B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1488169B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4251993B2 (en)
KR (1) KR100766739B1 (en)
CN (2) CN101408142B (en)
AU (1) AU2003230735A1 (en)
BR (1) BR0308623A (en)
CA (1) CA2480220C (en)
HK (1) HK1130867A1 (en)
MX (1) MXPA04009185A (en)
MY (1) MY140648A (en)
TW (1) TWI291515B (en)
WO (1) WO2003083367A2 (en)

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CN101408142A (en) 2009-04-15
CN101408142B (en) 2013-01-02
WO2003083367A3 (en) 2003-12-18
US20030177768A1 (en) 2003-09-25
US7313916B2 (en) 2008-01-01
BR0308623A (en) 2007-01-09
KR20050004819A (en) 2005-01-12
HK1130867A1 (en) 2010-01-08
WO2003083367A2 (en) 2003-10-09
AU2003230735A8 (en) 2003-10-13
MXPA04009185A (en) 2005-06-20
TWI291515B (en) 2007-12-21
KR100766739B1 (en) 2007-10-15
EP1488169B1 (en) 2013-06-05
CN1653299A (en) 2005-08-10
JP4251993B2 (en) 2009-04-08
TW200401076A (en) 2004-01-16
JP2006513342A (en) 2006-04-20
EP1488169A2 (en) 2004-12-22
CA2480220C (en) 2011-11-01
MY140648A (en) 2010-01-15
AU2003230735A1 (en) 2003-10-13

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