CA2461558A1 - Apparatus for fluid purification and methods of manufacture and use thereof - Google Patents

Apparatus for fluid purification and methods of manufacture and use thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2461558A1
CA2461558A1 CA002461558A CA2461558A CA2461558A1 CA 2461558 A1 CA2461558 A1 CA 2461558A1 CA 002461558 A CA002461558 A CA 002461558A CA 2461558 A CA2461558 A CA 2461558A CA 2461558 A1 CA2461558 A1 CA 2461558A1
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CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
liquid
purifying
purification
pressure vessel
constructed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CA002461558A
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French (fr)
Other versions
CA2461558C (en
Inventor
Li-Shiang Liang
Emile Montminy
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Evoqua Water Technologies LLC
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of CA2461558A1 publication Critical patent/CA2461558A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA2461558C publication Critical patent/CA2461558C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/42—Electrodialysis; Electro-osmosis ; Electro-ultrafiltration; Membrane capacitive deionization
    • B01D61/44—Ion-selective electrodialysis
    • B01D61/52—Accessories; Auxiliary operation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/42—Electrodialysis; Electro-osmosis ; Electro-ultrafiltration; Membrane capacitive deionization
    • B01D61/44—Ion-selective electrodialysis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/42—Electrodialysis; Electro-osmosis ; Electro-ultrafiltration; Membrane capacitive deionization
    • B01D61/44—Ion-selective electrodialysis
    • B01D61/46—Apparatus therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/42—Electrodialysis; Electro-osmosis ; Electro-ultrafiltration; Membrane capacitive deionization
    • B01D61/44—Ion-selective electrodialysis
    • B01D61/46—Apparatus therefor
    • B01D61/48—Apparatus therefor having one or more compartments filled with ion-exchange material, e.g. electrodeionisation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/58—Multistep processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J47/00—Ion-exchange processes in general; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J47/02—Column or bed processes
    • B01J47/06—Column or bed processes during which the ion-exchange material is subjected to a physical treatment, e.g. heat, electric current, irradiation or vibration
    • B01J47/08—Column or bed processes during which the ion-exchange material is subjected to a physical treatment, e.g. heat, electric current, irradiation or vibration subjected to a direct electric current
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/469—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis
    • C02F1/4693—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis electrodialysis
    • C02F1/4695—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis electrodialysis electrodeionisation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/42—Electrodialysis; Electro-osmosis ; Electro-ultrafiltration; Membrane capacitive deionization
    • B01D61/422—Electrodialysis
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/42—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/4604—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods for desalination of seawater or brackish water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/42—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange
    • C02F2001/422—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange using anionic exchangers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/42—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange
    • C02F2001/425—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange using cation exchangers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F2201/46—Apparatus for electrochemical processes
    • C02F2201/461—Electrolysis apparatus
    • C02F2201/46105—Details relating to the electrolytic devices
    • C02F2201/46115—Electrolytic cell with membranes or diaphragms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
    • C02F2301/02—Fluid flow conditions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
    • C02F2301/06—Pressure conditions
    • C02F2301/066—Overpressure, high pressure

Abstract

The present invention generally relates to devices able to purify fluids electrically that are contained within pressure vessels, as well as to methods of manufacture and use thereof. Liquids or other fluids to be purified enter the purification device and, under the influence of an electric field, are treated to produce an ion-depleted liquid. Species from the entering liquids are collected to produce an ion-concentrated liquid. Increasing the exterior pressure on the device may reduce the pressure difference between the interior of the device and the exterior, which may reduce manufacturing costs or simplify construction.

Claims (52)

1. A fluid purification system, comprising:
an electrical purification apparatus constructed and arranged to produce a non-radial flow therein; and a pressure vessel surrounding the electrical purification apparatus.
2. The purification system of claim 1, wherein the apparatus comprises an electrodeionization device.
3. The purification system of claim 1, wherein the apparatus comprises an electrodialysis device.
4. The purification system of claim 1, wherein the pressure vessel is substantially cylindrical.
5. The purification system of claim 1, further comprising an ion exchange compartment, the ion exchange compartment comprising an inlet and an outlet, the inlet and the outlet each disposed on a periphery of the ion exchange compartment.
6. The purification system of claim 5, wherein the inlet of the ion exchange compartment is positioned opposite to the outlet.
7. The purification system of claim 5, wherein the apparatus is constructed and arranged to produce a substantially constant average fluid velocity independent of distance from the inlet.
8. The purification system of claim 1, further comprising a solid material surrounding at least a portion of the apparatus.
9. The purification system of claim 8, wherein the solid material comprises an elastomeric material.
10. A fluid purification system, comprising:
an electrical purification apparatus secured within a pressure vessel, wherein the apparatus comprises an ion exchange compartment comprising parallel sub-compartments.
11. The purification system of claim 10, wherein the apparatus comprises an electrodeionization device.
12. The purification system of claim 10, wherein the sub-compartments are constructed and arranged to produce a non-radial flow therein.
13. The purification system of claim 10, wherein the sub-compartments have a cross-sectional area that is substantially constant.
14. A method of purifying a liquid, comprising:
providing an electrical purification apparatus constructed and arranged to produce a non-radial flow therein;
pressurizing the apparatus; and passing the liquid to be purified through the apparatus.
15. The method of purifying a liquid of claim 14, wherein the apparatus comprises an electrodeionization device.
16. The method of purifying a liquid of claim 14, wherein the apparatus comprises an electrodialysis device.
17. The method of purifying a liquid of claim 14, wherein the step of pressurizing the apparatus comprises pressurizing the apparatus with a fluid.
18. The method of purifying a liquid of claim 14, wherein the step of pressurizing the apparatus comprises surrounding at least a portion of the apparatus with a solid material.
19. The method of purifying a liquid of claim 14, wherein the step of pressurizing the apparatus comprises pressurizing the apparatus with the liquid.
20. The method of purifying a liquid of claim 17, wherein the pressurized fluid has a pressure that is within 50 psi of a pressure of the liquid.
21. The method of purifying a liquid of claim 17, wherein the pressurized fluid has a pressure that is within 10 psi of a pressure of the liquid.
22. The method of purifying a liquid of claim 17, wherein the pressurized fluid has a pressure that is within 5 psi of a pressure of the liquid.
23. The method of purifying a liquid of claim 14, further comprising applying an electric field perpendicularly to the liquid fluid flow.
24. The method of purifying a liquid of claim 14, further comprising applying a substantially uniform electric field to the liquid.
25. A method of facilitating purification of a liquid, comprising:
providing an electrical purification apparatus constructed and arranged to produce a non-radial flow therein; and securing the apparatus in a pressure vessel.
26. The method of facilitating purification of a liquid claim 25, wherein the apparatus comprises an electrodeionization device.
27. The method of facilitating purification of a liquid of claim 25, wherein the step of securing the apparatus in a pressure vessel comprises securing the apparatus in a cylindrical vessel.
28. The method of facilitating purification of a liquid of claim 25, further comprising fluidly connecting the apparatus to a point of entry.
29. The method of facilitating purification of a liquid of claim 25, further comprising fluidly connecting the apparatus to a point of use.
30. The method of facilitating purification of a liquid of claim 25, further comprising injecting a solid material into the pressure vessel.
31. The method of facilitating purification of a liquid of claim 25, further comprising surrounding at least a portion of the apparatus with a solid material.
32. A method of purifying a liquid, comprising:
providing an electrical purification apparatus constructed and arranged to produce a non-radial flow therein;
securing the apparatus within a pressure vessel; and passing the liquid to be purified through the apparatus.
33. The method of purifying a liquid of claim 32, wherein the apparatus comprises an electrodeionization device.
34. The method of purifying a liquid of claim 32, further comprising applying an electric field perpendicularly to the liquid fluid flow.
35. The method of purifying a liquid of claim 32, further comprising applying a substantially uniform electric field to the liquid.
36. A system for purifying a liquid, comprising:
a pressure vessel;
an electrical purification apparatus secured within the pressure vessel, the apparatus constructed and arranged to produce a non-radial flow therein;
a point of entry fluidly connected to the apparatus; and a point of use fluidly connected to the apparatus.
37. The system for purifying a liquid of claim 36, wherein the apparatus comprises an electrodeionization device.
38. The system for purifying a liquid of claim 36, wherein the apparatus further comprises an inlet fluidly connected to the pressure vessel.
39. The system for purifying a liquid of claim 36, wherein the apparatus further comprises an outlet fluidly connected to the pressure vessel.
40. The system for purifying a liquid of claim 36, wherein the apparatus further comprises an ion exchange compartment exposed to a liquid within the pressure vessel.
41. The system for purifying a liquid of claim 36, further comprising a reservoir fluidly connected to the point of entry.
42. The system for purifying a liquid of claim 36, further comprising a water distribution system fluidly connected to the apparatus.
43. The system for purifying a liquid of claim 36, further comprising an endplate constructed and arranged to be secured to the pressure vessel.
44. The system for purifying a liquid of claim 43, further comprising an insulating material attached to the endplate.
45. The system for purifying a liquid of claim 44, wherein the insulating material electrically insulates the endplate from an interior of the pressure vessel.
46. The system for purifying a liquid of claim 45, further comprising an electrode attached to the insulating material.
47. A method of facilitating purification of a liquid, comprising:
providing a pressure vessel fluidly connectable to a point of entry;
providing an electrical purification apparatus constructed and arranged to produce a non-radial flow therein;

positioning the apparatus within the pressure vessel; and providing a point of use fluidly connectable to the apparatus.
48. The method of facilitating purification of a liquid of claim 47, wherein the apparatus comprises an electrodeionization device.
49. A system for purifying a liquid, comprising:
an electrical purification apparatus comprising an ion exchange compartment, the apparatus constructed and arranged to produce a non-radial flow therein, the ion exchange compartment constructed and arranged to produce a constant liquid velocity therein; and a substantially cylindrical pressure vessel surrounding the apparatus.
50. The system for purifying a liquid of claim 49, wherein the apparatus comprises an electrodeionization device.
51. An endblock, comprising:
an endplate constructed and arranged to be secured to a pressure vessel;
and an insulating material attached to the endplate, wherein the insulating material electrically insulates the endplate from an interior of the pressure vessel.
52. The endblock of claim 51, further comprising:
an electrode attached to the insulating material.
CA2461558A 2001-10-15 2002-10-15 Apparatus for fluid purification and methods of manufacture and use thereof Expired - Fee Related CA2461558C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US32929601P 2001-10-15 2001-10-15
US60/329,296 2001-10-15
PCT/US2002/033111 WO2003033122A2 (en) 2001-10-15 2002-10-15 Apparatus for fluid purification and methods of manufacture and use thereof

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2461558A1 true CA2461558A1 (en) 2003-04-24
CA2461558C CA2461558C (en) 2011-10-04

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Family Applications (1)

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CA2461558A Expired - Fee Related CA2461558C (en) 2001-10-15 2002-10-15 Apparatus for fluid purification and methods of manufacture and use thereof

Country Status (10)

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US (3) US7572359B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1436069B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1568220B (en)
AT (1) ATE497830T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2002337876A1 (en)
CA (1) CA2461558C (en)
DE (1) DE60239141D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2361004T3 (en)
PT (1) PT1436069E (en)
WO (1) WO2003033122A2 (en)

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US20030089609A1 (en) 2003-05-15
ATE497830T1 (en) 2011-02-15
CA2461558C (en) 2011-10-04
ES2361004T3 (en) 2011-06-13
EP1436069A2 (en) 2004-07-14
EP1436069B1 (en) 2011-02-09
US7572359B2 (en) 2009-08-11
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US20110303544A1 (en) 2011-12-15
US8101058B2 (en) 2012-01-24
US8721862B2 (en) 2014-05-13
WO2003033122A3 (en) 2003-07-31
DE60239141D1 (en) 2011-03-24
WO2003033122A2 (en) 2003-04-24
CN1568220A (en) 2005-01-19
AU2002337876A1 (en) 2003-04-28
CN1568220B (en) 2010-06-09
US20080105548A1 (en) 2008-05-08

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