CA2454493A1 - Method of forming conductive polymeric nanocomposite materials and materials produced thereby - Google Patents

Method of forming conductive polymeric nanocomposite materials and materials produced thereby Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2454493A1
CA2454493A1 CA 2454493 CA2454493A CA2454493A1 CA 2454493 A1 CA2454493 A1 CA 2454493A1 CA 2454493 CA2454493 CA 2454493 CA 2454493 A CA2454493 A CA 2454493A CA 2454493 A1 CA2454493 A1 CA 2454493A1
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Canada
Prior art keywords
solvent
nanofibers
mixture
polymer
nanocomposite material
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CA 2454493
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French (fr)
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CA2454493C (en
Inventor
Chyi-Shan Wang
Max D. Alexander
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University of Dayton
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/005—Reinforced macromolecular compounds with nanosized materials, e.g. nanoparticles, nanofibres, nanotubes, nanowires, nanorods or nanolayered materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/04—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material
    • C08J5/0405—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material with inorganic fibres
    • C08J5/042—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material with inorganic fibres with carbon fibres
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
    • C08K7/22—Expanded, porous or hollow particles
    • C08K7/24—Expanded, porous or hollow particles inorganic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
    • H01B1/20—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material
    • H01B1/24—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material the conductive material comprising carbon-silicon compounds, carbon or silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
    • C08K2201/011—Nanostructured additives
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S977/00—Nanotechnology
    • Y10S977/70—Nanostructure
    • Y10S977/734—Fullerenes, i.e. graphene-based structures, such as nanohorns, nanococoons, nanoscrolls or fullerene-like structures, e.g. WS2 or MoS2 chalcogenide nanotubes, planar C3N4, etc.
    • Y10S977/753—Fullerenes, i.e. graphene-based structures, such as nanohorns, nanococoons, nanoscrolls or fullerene-like structures, e.g. WS2 or MoS2 chalcogenide nanotubes, planar C3N4, etc. with polymeric or organic binder
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S977/00—Nanotechnology
    • Y10S977/70—Nanostructure
    • Y10S977/788—Of specified organic or carbon-based composition
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S977/00—Nanotechnology
    • Y10S977/84—Manufacture, treatment, or detection of nanostructure
    • Y10S977/842—Manufacture, treatment, or detection of nanostructure for carbon nanotubes or fullerenes
    • Y10S977/843—Gas phase catalytic growth, i.e. chemical vapor deposition
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S977/00—Nanotechnology
    • Y10S977/84—Manufacture, treatment, or detection of nanostructure
    • Y10S977/842—Manufacture, treatment, or detection of nanostructure for carbon nanotubes or fullerenes
    • Y10S977/845—Purification or separation of fullerenes or nanotubes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • Y10T428/249924—Noninterengaged fiber-containing paper-free web or sheet which is not of specified porosity
    • Y10T428/24994—Fiber embedded in or on the surface of a polymeric matrix
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • Y10T428/249924—Noninterengaged fiber-containing paper-free web or sheet which is not of specified porosity
    • Y10T428/24994—Fiber embedded in or on the surface of a polymeric matrix
    • Y10T428/249942—Fibers are aligned substantially parallel
    • Y10T428/249945—Carbon or carbonaceous fiber

Abstract

A method of reinforcing a polymeric material with carbon nanofibers is provided in which carbon nanofibers are combined with a polymer and a solven t for the polymer to form a substancially homogeneous mixture, followed by removal of the solvent by evaporation or coagulation. The resulting conducti ve polymeric nanocomposite material exhibits high electrical and thermal conductivity, enhanced mechanical strength, abrasion resistance, and dimensional stability.

Claims (15)

1. A method of forming a conductive polymeric nanocomposite material incorporating carbon nanofibers comprising:
providing vapor grown nanofibers;
combining said nanofibers with a solvent to form a solution mixture;
adding a polymer to said solution mixture to form a substantially homogeneous mixture; and removing said solvent from said mixture.
2. The method of claim 1 in which said solvent is removed by evaporation.
3. The method of claim 1 in which said solvent is removed by coagulation.
4. The method of claim 1 in which said polymer is selected from the group consisting of polyurethanes, polyimides, epoxy resins, silicone polymers, and aromatic-heterocyclic rigid-rod and ladder polymers.
5. The method of claim 1 in which said polymer is polar.
6. The method of claim 1 in which said solvent is selected from the group consisting of dimethyl sulfoxide, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, methanesulfonic acid, polyphosphoric acid, and N,N-dimethyl acetamide.
7. The method of claim 1 in which said solvent is polar.
8. The method of claim 1 in which said carbon nanofibers are selected from the group consisting of as-grown fibers, pyrolytically stripped fibers, and heat treated fibers.
9. The method of claim 1 including casting said mixture into a film.
10. A conductive polymeric nanocomposite material having carbon nanofibers incorporated therein formed by the method of claim 1.
11. Cancelled
12. Cancelled.
13. A method of forming a conductive polymeric nanocomposite material incorporating carbon nanofibers comprising:
providing vapor grown nanofibers;
providing a polymer;
combining said nanofibers and said polymer with a solvent to form a substantially homogeneous mixture; and removing said solvent from said mixture.
14. A method of forming a conductive polymeric nanocomposite material incorporating carbon nanofibers comprising:
providing vapor grown nanofibers;
combining said nanofibers with a solvent to form a solution mixture;
adding a polymer to said solution mixture to form a substantially homogeneous mixture; and removing said solvent from said mixture; wherein said nanocomposite material has an electronic conducting percolation threshold of less than 1% by volume of said nanofibers.
15. A method of forming a conductive polymeric nanocomposite material incorporating carbon nanofibers comprising:
providing vapor grown nanofibers;
combining said nanofibers with a solvent to form a solution mixture;
adding a polymer to said solution mixture to form a substantially homogeneous mixture; and removing said solvent from said mixture; wherein said nanocomposite material has a conductivity of from about 0.0038 S/cm at about 1.96% by weight of the carbon nanofibers to greater than 20 S/cm at about 24.2% by weight of the carbon nanofibers.
CA 2454493 2001-08-17 2002-06-20 Method of forming conductive polymeric nanocomposite materials and materials produced thereby Expired - Lifetime CA2454493C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US09/932,169 2001-08-17
US09/932,169 US6680016B2 (en) 2001-08-17 2001-08-17 Method of forming conductive polymeric nanocomposite materials
PCT/US2002/019514 WO2003016048A1 (en) 2001-08-17 2002-06-20 Method of forming conductive polymeric nanocomposite materials and materials produced thereby

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2454493A1 true CA2454493A1 (en) 2003-02-27
CA2454493C CA2454493C (en) 2010-01-12

Family

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Family Applications (1)

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CA 2454493 Expired - Lifetime CA2454493C (en) 2001-08-17 2002-06-20 Method of forming conductive polymeric nanocomposite materials and materials produced thereby

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (2) US6680016B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1425166B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2004538353A (en)
KR (1) KR100661249B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1263596C (en)
CA (1) CA2454493C (en)
DE (1) DE60235557D1 (en)
WO (1) WO2003016048A1 (en)

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