CA2445182A1 - Processes and systems for using biomineral by-products as a fuel and for nox removal at coal burning power plants - Google Patents

Processes and systems for using biomineral by-products as a fuel and for nox removal at coal burning power plants Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2445182A1
CA2445182A1 CA002445182A CA2445182A CA2445182A1 CA 2445182 A1 CA2445182 A1 CA 2445182A1 CA 002445182 A CA002445182 A CA 002445182A CA 2445182 A CA2445182 A CA 2445182A CA 2445182 A1 CA2445182 A1 CA 2445182A1
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CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
coal
organic waste
coal combustion
product
drying
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CA002445182A
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
CA2445182C (en
Inventor
Terry J. Logan
James D. O'neil
Ervin Louis Faulmann
Timothy Joseph Nicholson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
N Viro International Corp
Original Assignee
N-Viro International Corporation
Terry J. Logan
James D. O'neil
Ervin Louis Faulmann
Timothy Joseph Nicholson
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by N-Viro International Corporation, Terry J. Logan, James D. O'neil, Ervin Louis Faulmann, Timothy Joseph Nicholson filed Critical N-Viro International Corporation
Publication of CA2445182A1 publication Critical patent/CA2445182A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA2445182C publication Critical patent/CA2445182C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/42—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on animal substances or products obtained therefrom, e.g. manure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/48—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on industrial residues and waste materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/001—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals for sludges or waste products from water treatment installations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
    • F23G2201/10—Drying by heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
    • F23G2201/70—Blending
    • F23G2201/701—Blending with additives
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
    • F23G2201/70—Blending
    • F23G2201/702—Blending with other waste
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2204/00—Supplementary heating arrangements
    • F23G2204/10—Supplementary heating arrangements using auxiliary fuel
    • F23G2204/101—Supplementary heating arrangements using auxiliary fuel solid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2209/00—Specific waste
    • F23G2209/22—Waste papers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2209/00—Specific waste
    • F23G2209/26—Biowaste
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for incinerators
    • F23G2900/70—Incinerating particular products or waste
    • F23G2900/7003—Incinerating litter from animals, e.g. poultry litter
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S71/00—Chemistry: fertilizers
    • Y10S71/903—Soil conditioner

Abstract

A process is provided for NOx removal at coal burning power plants, which includes introducing ammonia that is liberated upon drying a mixture of organic waste, coal combustion by-products, and optionally lime, having a pH of at least 9.5, to a coal burner in the power plant. A process is also provided for fueling a coal burner of a power plant with coal and a dried mixture of organic waste and coal combustion by-products. The present invention is further directed to the dried mixture of organic waste and coal combustion by-products made by the processes of the present invention, which may optionally be used as a soil additive or as a supplemental fuel.

Claims (25)

1. A process comprising mixing organic waste with coal combustion by-products to form an organic waste-coal combustion by-product mixture having a pH of at least 9.5;
drying the organic waste-coal combustion by-product mixture to at least 90%
solids forming a dried organic waste-coal combustion by-product mixture and causing ammonia to be liberated from said organic waste; and introducing said liberated ammonia into a coal burner of a coal burning power plant for NO x removal.
2. The process of claim 1, wherein said mixing further includes mixing lime with the organic waste and coal combustion by-products.
3. The process of claim 1, wherein said organic waste comprises waste selected from the group consisting of sewage sludges, animal manures, pulp and paper waste, fermentation waste, food processing waste, paper and cardboard, and other industrial organic waste.
4. The process of claim 1, wherein said coal combustion by-products comprise at least one by-product selected from the group consisting of fly ash, fluidized bed ash, flue gas desulfurization by-products, lime, calcium hydroxide, and calcium carbonate.
5. The process of claim 1, wherein drying takes place in at least one dryer.
6. The process of claim 1, wherein said drying is conducted using a direct dryer.
7. The process of claim 1, wherein said drying is conducted using an indirect dryer.
8. The process of claim 5, wherein said dryer is selected from the group consisting of direct concurrent flow dryers, horizontal single, double and triple pass indirect dryers, and vertical counter flow rotating disk indirect dryers.
9. The process of claim 1, wherein the heat for said drying includes waste heat from said coal burning power plant.
10. The process of claim 1, wherein said drying comprises drying the organic waste-coal combustion by-product mixture to at least 95% solids.
11. The process of claim 1, wherein when said coal combustion by-product comprises an alkaline mineral by-product, the drying step produces a further by-product.
12. A further by-product produced by a process comprising mixing organic waste with coal combustion by-products to form an organic waste-coal combustion by-product mixture having a pH of at least 9.5;
drying the organic waste-coal combustion by-product mixture to at least 90%
solids forming a dried organic waste-coal combustion by-product mixture and causing ammonia to be liberated from said organic waste; and introducing said liberated ammonia into a coal burner of a coal burning power plant for NO x removal;
wherein when said coal combustion by-product comprises an alkaline mineral by-product, the drying produces a further by-product.
13. The process of claim 1, further comprising reacting scavenged exhaust gasses from said drying with at least one reactive material to decrease the amount of carbon
14 dioxide in said exhaust gasses and thereby decrease any carbon emissions from the drying.

14. The process of claim 13, wherein said reactive material comprises Ca(OH)2.
15. The process of claim 1, further comprising mixing the dried organic waste-coal combustion by-product mixture with coal.
16. The process of claim 15, wherein the coal is pulverized coal.
17. The process of claim 15, further comprising feeding the mixture formed by mixing the by-product with coal into said coal burner.
18. A dried organic waste-coal combustion by-product mixture formed by a process comprising mixing organic waste with coal combustion by-products to form an organic waste-coal combustion by-product mixture having a pH of at least 9.5;
drying the organic waste-coal combustion by-product mixture to at least 90%
solids forming a dried organic waste-coal combustion by-product mixture and causing ammonia to be liberated from said organic waste; and introducing said liberated ammonia into a coal burner of a coal burning power plant for NO x removal.
19. A soil additive comprising a dried organic waste-coal combustion by-product mixture formed by a process comprising mixing organic waste with coal combustion by-products to form an organic waste-coal combustion by-product mixture having a pH of at least 9.5;

drying the organic waste-coal combustion by-product mixture to at least 90%
solids forming a dried organic waste-coal combustion by-product mixture and causing ammonia to be liberated from said organic waste; and introducing said liberated ammonia into a coal burner of a coal burning power plant for NO x removal.
20. A feed-stock comprising dried organic waste-coal combustion by-product mixture formed by the process of claim 1.
21. A process for supplying ammonia to a coal burning power plant, comprising mixing organic waste with coal combustion by-products to form an organic waste-coal combustion by-product mixture having a pH of at least 9.5;
drying the organic waste-coal combustion by-product mixture to at least 90%
solids forming a dried organic waste-coal combustion by-product mixture and causing ammonia to be liberated from said organic waste; and introducing said liberated ammonia into a coal burner of a coal burning plant for NO x removal.
22. A system comprising a coal burner of a coal burning power plant;
a coal feed supplying coal to said coal burner; and an ammonia feed to said coal burner comprising ammonia liberated upon drying a mixture of organic waste and coal combustion by-products, said mixture having a pH of at least 9.5.
23. The system of claim 22, wherein said coal feed comprises coal and a dried mixture of organic waste and coal combustion by product.
24. The system of claim 23, wherein said coal is pulverized coal.
25. The system of claim 23, wherein said coal and said dried mixture of organic waste and coal combustion by-product are mixed and then pulverized.
CA2445182A 2001-04-23 2002-04-11 Processes and systems for using biomineral by-products as a fuel and for nox removal at coal burning power plants Expired - Fee Related CA2445182C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US09/839,112 2001-04-23
US09/839,112 US6405664B1 (en) 2001-04-23 2001-04-23 Processes and systems for using biomineral by-products as a fuel and for NOx removal at coal burning power plants
PCT/US2002/011031 WO2002086033A2 (en) 2001-04-23 2002-04-11 Processes and systems for using biomineral by-products as a fuel and for nox removal at coal burning power plants

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2445182A1 true CA2445182A1 (en) 2002-10-31
CA2445182C CA2445182C (en) 2011-03-15

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA2445182A Expired - Fee Related CA2445182C (en) 2001-04-23 2002-04-11 Processes and systems for using biomineral by-products as a fuel and for nox removal at coal burning power plants

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US6405664B1 (en)
EP (1) EP1383851A2 (en)
AU (1) AU2002256125A1 (en)
CA (1) CA2445182C (en)
IL (2) IL158563A0 (en)
WO (1) WO2002086033A2 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US6405664B1 (en) 2002-06-18
CA2445182C (en) 2011-03-15
IL158563A0 (en) 2004-05-12
WO2002086033A3 (en) 2003-10-16
IL158563A (en) 2006-07-05
AU2002256125A1 (en) 2002-11-05
WO2002086033A2 (en) 2002-10-31
EP1383851A2 (en) 2004-01-28

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