CA2439257A1 - Device and method for separation - Google Patents

Device and method for separation Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2439257A1
CA2439257A1 CA002439257A CA2439257A CA2439257A1 CA 2439257 A1 CA2439257 A1 CA 2439257A1 CA 002439257 A CA002439257 A CA 002439257A CA 2439257 A CA2439257 A CA 2439257A CA 2439257 A1 CA2439257 A1 CA 2439257A1
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CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
channel
fluid
plate
unit
channel unit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CA002439257A
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French (fr)
Other versions
CA2439257C (en
Inventor
Thomas Laurell
Mats Allers
Henrik Bjursten
Hans W. Persson
Andreas Lenshof
Filip Petersson
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ErySave AB
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Individual
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Publication of CA2439257A1 publication Critical patent/CA2439257A1/en
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Publication of CA2439257C publication Critical patent/CA2439257C/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/34—Filtering material out of the blood by passing it through a membrane, i.e. hemofiltration or diafiltration
    • A61M1/3472—Filtering material out of the blood by passing it through a membrane, i.e. hemofiltration or diafiltration with treatment of the filtrate
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/34—Filtering material out of the blood by passing it through a membrane, i.e. hemofiltration or diafiltration
    • A61M1/3472—Filtering material out of the blood by passing it through a membrane, i.e. hemofiltration or diafiltration with treatment of the filtrate
    • A61M1/3479—Filtering material out of the blood by passing it through a membrane, i.e. hemofiltration or diafiltration with treatment of the filtrate by dialysing the filtrate
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/34—Filtering material out of the blood by passing it through a membrane, i.e. hemofiltration or diafiltration
    • A61M1/3496—Plasmapheresis; Leucopheresis; Lymphopheresis
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/36—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits
    • A61M1/3678—Separation of cells using wave pressure; Manipulation of individual corpuscles

Abstract

The present invention provides a device and a method for separating particles from fluids using ultrasound, laminar flow, and stationary wave effects comprisinga micro-technology channel system with an integrated branching point or branching fork, and a single ultrasound source. One of the characteristics of the invention is that the single ultrasound source, which generates the standing waves, excites the complete structure including the channel system.
No special reflectors or the like are needed. Extremely thin dividers can separate the flow, thereby enhancing the effectiveness of the device. The device could be manufactured in silicon and the ultrasound energy could preferably be delivered by a piezoelectric element.

Claims

1. A device for separating suspended particles from a fluid, comprising a channel unit arranged in a plate (51) having first and second opposing great surfaces, said channel unit including a base stem channel (110) having substantially parallel or near parallel base stem walls (810, 820) perpendicular to said surfaces, said base stem channel having an inlet (160) and, opposite said inlet, a branching point (175) connected to two or more different outlets (170, 180, 190); and oscillation means (53, 150) for delivering mechanical energy to a fluid in said channel unit, such that said particles are concentrated into laminar layers in the base stem channel, substantially parallel to said base stem walls, wherein said branching point is devised to separate particles, arranged in said laminar layers in a fluid flowing in said base stem channel, to said different outlets, characterised in that said channel unit is formed as a part of a material layer close to said first great surface, and said oscillation means are arranged in contact with said second great surface for delivering mechanical energy to said plate such that a standing wave field is created between said base stem walls.
2. A device according to claim 1, characterised in that said oscillation means are arranged to deliver mechanical energy in a direction perpendicular to the first and second surfaces of said plate.
3. A device according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that it comprises a control unit (863) capable of controlling said oscillation means to deliver mechanical energy of controlled frequency and power within the ultrasound frequency band and with the frequency being so adapted to the dimensions of the channel unit that in a width (185) of the channel, between base stem walls (810, 820), an acoustic standing wave field is created.
4. A device according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that a number of channel units are arranged in the same plate (51) receiving mechanical energy from a single oscillation means (53, 150) allowing for integration of a large number of channel units for separation purposes on a single plate.
5. A device according to claim 1, characterised in that the channel unit is provided with an inlet (160) and three outlets (170, 180, 190).
6. A device according to claim 1, characterised in that the plate comprises a piece of homogenous material in which said channel unit is defined.

7. A device according to claim 6, characterised in that the first surface of said plate (51) is covered by a layer of glass (52).
8. A device according to claim 7, characterised in that plate and said layer of glass (52) are bonded together.
9. A device according to claim 1, characterised in that said plate (51) is made of silicon.
10. A device according to claim 1, characterised in that said plate (51) is made of plastic.
11. A device according to claim 1, characterised in that the branching point (175) is shaped like a cross, and the inlet (160) is located at the lower end of the cross base stem (110) and the three outlets (170, 180, 190) are located at the top of the cross.
12. A device according to claim 1, characterised in that the branching point (149) divides the base stem (142) into three arms (143, 144, 145) with angles .alpha.1 and .alpha.2 between them, and that the value of .alpha.1 and .alpha.2 are between 0 and 90 degrees.
13. A device according to claim 1, characterised in that the branching point comprises the division of the base stem (110) directly into three parallel channels (610, 620, 630) divided by thin dividing walls (615, 625).
14. A device according to claim 13, characterised in that the thin walls (615, 625) have a thickness of between 1 and 40 micrometer, preferably 20 micrometer.
15. A device according to claim 1, characterised in that the width (185) of the channel is in the range between 60 and 1400 micrometer.
16. A device according to claim 1, characterised in that the width (185) of the channel is 700 micrometer.
17. A device according to claim 1, characterised in that said oscillation means comprises a piezoelectric element (853).

18. A device according to claim 17, characterised in that said mechanical energy is of controlled frequency and power inside the ultrasound frequency band.
19. A device according to claim 18, characterised in that the electrical energy is controllable with regard to waveform, frequency and power.
20. A device according to claim 19, characterised in that the waveform is controllable to be one of but not limited to sinus wave, triangular wave or square wave.
21. A device according to claim 1, characterised in that the dimensions of the channel unit, i.e. the width (185) and a height of the channel, the frequency of the oscillation means and a flow rate is adapted to accommodate blood as said fluid and the red blood cells as the particles to be separated from the fluid.
22. A device according to claim 1, characterised in that the dimensions of the channel unit, i.e. the width (185) and a height of the channel, the frequency of the oscillation means and a flow rate is adapted to handle a fluid containing particles of biological material containing fat.
23. A device according to claim 1, characterised in that the channel unit is provided with three inlets (A,B,A) and three outlets (C,D,C).
24. A device according to claim 22, characterised in that the dimensions of the channel unit, i.e. the width (185) and a height of the channel and the frequency of the oscillation means are adapted to handle a fluid containing platelets.
25. A separator unit for use in a device according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that said separator unit comprises a plate (51) having first and second opposing great surfaces, and in that a channel unit is formed as a part of a material layer close to said first great surface, said channel unit including a base stem channel (110) having substantially parallel or near parallel base stem walls (810, 820) perpendicular to said surfaces, said base stem channel having an inlet (160) and, opposite said inlet, a branching point (175) connected to two or more different outlets (170, 180, 190), and wherein said second surface is connectable to oscillation means (53, 150) for delivering mechanical energy to a fluid in said channel unit.
26. A separator unit according to claim 25, characterised in that a number of channel units are arranged in the same plate (51), for receiving mechanical energy from a single oscillation means (53, 150).
27. A separator unit according to claim 25, characterised in that the plate comprises a piece of homogenous material in which said channel unit is defined.
28. A separator unit according to claim 27, characterised in that said homogeneous material is plastic.
29. A separator unit according to claim 27, characterised in that said homogeneous material is silicon.
30. A separator unit according to any of the preceding claims 27 - 29, characterised in that the first surface of said plate (51) is covered by a sealing layer (52) which makes it possible to visually inspect a separation process in said channel unit.
31. A separator unit according to claim 30, characterised in that the sealing layer (52) is made of glass.
32. A separator unit according to claim 29 and 31, characterised in that plate and said layer of glass (52) are bonded together.
33. A method for separating particles from fluids using ultrasound, laminar flow, and stationary wave effects including the steps of:
- feeding a fluid to a separator unit comprising a plate having first and second opposing great surfaces and a channel unit formed as a part of a material layer close to said first surface, forcing the fluid to a substantially laminar flow in a flow direction;
- applying an ultrasound oscillating wave field to said second surface, thereby subjecting said flow to an ultrasound stationary wave field during its flow past a distance in said channel unit, forcing said particles to a non-uniform distribution in a separation direction parallel to said surfaces and perpendicular to the flow direction; and - separating said second laminar flow into a first and a second separated flow in such a way that the concentration of particles is higher in the first separated flow than in the second separated flow.
34. The method according to claim 33, characterised in that said ultrasound oscillating wave field is given a frequency adapted to a width (185) of the channel unit, such that vibrations in the plate give rise to said wave field parallel with the plate.
35. The method according to claim 33 or 34, characterised in that said ultrasound oscillating wave field is applied perpendicular to said surfaces of the plate.
36. The method according to claim 33, characterised by separating out particles of biological material containing fat from a fluid.
37. The method according to claim 33, characterised by separating particles from blood.
38. The method as recited in claim 33, characterised by separating out bacteria from a fluid.
39. The method as recited in claim 33, characterised by separating out stem cells from a fluid.
40. The method as recited in claim 33, characterised by separating out platelets from a fluid.
41. The method as recited in claim 33, characterised by adding a solution to the original fluid, said solution having a different density than the original fluid, with the purpose of altering the density of the fluid from which particles are to be separated.
42. The method according to any of the preceding claims 33 - 41, characterised in that the method is repeated in a number of stages.
43. The method according to claim 42, characterised in that new fluid is introduced before the steps are repeated.
44. The method according to claim 33, characterised by controlling the power fed to the ultrasound stationary wave field by means of controlling the electrical energy with regard to waveform, frequency and power to a piezoelectric element transmitting its mechanical energy to the fluid and its surroundings.
CA2439257A 2001-03-09 2002-03-11 Device and method for separation Expired - Lifetime CA2439257C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE0100819A SE522801C2 (en) 2001-03-09 2001-03-09 Apparatus for separating suspended particles from an ultrasonic fluid and method for such separation
SE0100819-2 2001-03-09
PCT/SE2002/000428 WO2002072235A1 (en) 2001-03-09 2002-03-11 Device and method for separation

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2439257A1 true CA2439257A1 (en) 2002-09-19
CA2439257C CA2439257C (en) 2010-11-23

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA2439257A Expired - Lifetime CA2439257C (en) 2001-03-09 2002-03-11 Device and method for separation

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US6929750B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1365849B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4259872B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE286426T1 (en)
CA (1) CA2439257C (en)
DE (1) DE60202517T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2235007T3 (en)
SE (1) SE522801C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2002072235A1 (en)

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