CA2399181A1 - Fluid dispense and liquid surface verification system and method - Google Patents

Fluid dispense and liquid surface verification system and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2399181A1
CA2399181A1 CA 2399181 CA2399181A CA2399181A1 CA 2399181 A1 CA2399181 A1 CA 2399181A1 CA 2399181 CA2399181 CA 2399181 CA 2399181 A CA2399181 A CA 2399181A CA 2399181 A1 CA2399181 A1 CA 2399181A1
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CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
conduit
fluid
signal
pressure
electrically conductive
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CA 2399181
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
CA2399181C (en
Inventor
James Lipscomb
Larry Jurik
Bernard Katz
Michael Keating
Stone Klengler
John Kotlarik
Mike Wroblewski
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Gen Probe Inc
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to CA 2724266 priority Critical patent/CA2724266C/en
Priority to CA 2658772 priority patent/CA2658772C/en
Publication of CA2399181A1 publication Critical patent/CA2399181A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA2399181C publication Critical patent/CA2399181C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
    • G01N35/10—Devices for transferring samples or any liquids to, in, or from, the analysis apparatus, e.g. suction devices, injection devices
    • G01N35/1009—Characterised by arrangements for controlling the aspiration or dispense of liquids
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
    • G01N35/10—Devices for transferring samples or any liquids to, in, or from, the analysis apparatus, e.g. suction devices, injection devices
    • G01N35/1009—Characterised by arrangements for controlling the aspiration or dispense of liquids
    • G01N35/1016—Control of the volume dispensed or introduced
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
    • G01N35/10—Devices for transferring samples or any liquids to, in, or from, the analysis apparatus, e.g. suction devices, injection devices
    • G01N35/1009—Characterised by arrangements for controlling the aspiration or dispense of liquids
    • G01N2035/1025—Fluid level sensing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8158—With indicator, register, recorder, alarm or inspection means
    • Y10T137/8326—Fluid pressure responsive indicator, recorder or alarm

Abstract

A sensor for detecting contact of a fluid delivery probe with a fluid surfac e and for detecting fluid flow through the probe includes a first electrode disposed along a fluid flow path of the probe upstream from a distal tip of the probe and a second electrode longitudinally spaced and electrically isolated from the first electrode and disposed at the distal tip of the prob e. An oscillating signal is transmitted through the first electrode, and at lea st a portion of the signal is received through the second electrode. Through changes in the received signal due to the distal tip of the probe coming int o contact with a fluid surface or due to fluid flow through the conduit betwee n the first and second electrodes, fluid surface contact and fluid flow can be detected. A pressure sensor can be employed to monitor internal fluid pressu re within the fluid conduit of the fluid delivery probe as a secondary, redunda nt means for detecting fluid flow through the conduit.

Claims (77)

1. A fluid transfer probe comprising a fluid flow conduit including a first electrically conductive portion and a second electrically conductive portion longitudinally spaced from said first electrically conductive portion, said first and second electrically conductive portions being separated by a substantially non-conductive portion disposed between said first and second electrically conductive portions.
2. The probe of claim 1, further comprising a signal-generating circuit electrically coupled to said first electrically conductive portion for generating a signal transmitted by said first electrically conductive portion and a signal-receiving circuit electrically coupled to said second electrically conductive portion for receiving, through said second electrically conductive portion, at least a portion of the signal transmitted by said first electrically conductive portion.
3. The probe of claim 2, wherein said signal-generating circuit is constructed and arranged to generate an RF signal to be transmitted by said first electrically conductive portion.
4. The probe of claim 2, further comprising a processing unit that compares the transmitted signal to the received signal.
5. The probe of claim 2, wherein the signal-receiving circuit further comprises a phase tuning circuit to adjust a phase difference between the transmitted signal and the received signal.
6. The probe of claim 2, wherein the signal-receiving circuit further comprises an amplitude tuning circuit to adjust an amplitude of the received signal.
7. The probe of claim 2, wherein the signal-receiving circuit further comprises a tuning circuit to adjust both an amplitude of the received signal and a phase difference between the transmitted signal and the received signal.
8. The probe of claim 2, wherein the signal-receiving circuit further comprises an amplifier for increasing the amplitude of the received signal.
9. The probe of claim 2, wherein the signal-receiving circuit further comprises a phase detector circuit for comparing the phase of the transmitted and received signals and for generating a do signal having an amplitude corresponding to the phase difference between the transmitted and received signals.
10. The probe of claim 8, wherein the signal-receiving circuit further comprises an amplitude amplification selecting circuit to control dynamically the operation of the amplifier.
11. The probe of claim 1, wherein said first electrically conductive portion comprises a first tube formed from an electrically conductive material, said second electrically conductive portion comprises a second tube formed from an electrically conductive material, and said substantially non-conductive portion comprises an intermediate tube formed from a substantially non-conductive material, said intermediate tube being connected at opposite ends thereof to a respective end of each of said first and second tubes.
12. The probe of claim 1, wherein said first and second electrically conductive portions comprise tubes formed of electrically conductive material and said substantially non-conductive portion comprises a tube formed of substantially non-conductive material insertingly connected at opposite ends thereof to said tubes formed of electrically conductive material.
13. The probe of claim 1, further comprising a pressure sensor operatively coupled with said fluid flow conduit and constructed and arranged to detect fluid pressure within said conduit.
14. The probe of claim 13, wherein the pressure sensor produces an electronic signal that provides an indication of the detected fluid pressure.
15. A method of detecting a fluid surface comprising:
transmitting a signal with a signal transmitting device;
receiving at least a portion of the signal with a signal receiving device; and detecting a change in at least one characteristic of the received signal as an indication that the signal receiving device has contacted the fluid surface.
16. The method of claim 15, wherein said transmitting step comprises transmitting an RF signal.
17. The method of claim 15, further comprising grounding the signal transmitting device when the signal receiving device is in a predetermined position not in contact with the fluid surface.
18. The method of claim 15, wherein said detecting step comprises detecting a change in amplitude of the received signal.
19. The method of claim 18, further comprising minimizing the amplitude of the received signal prior to contacting the fluid surface with the signal receiving device.
20. The method of claim 18, further comprising amplifying the received signal prior to detecting the changes in the amplitude of the received signal after contacting the fluid surface with the signal receiving device.
21. The method of claim 19, further comprising amplifying the received signal prior to detecting the changes in the amplitude of the received signal after contacting the fluid surface with the signal receiving device and comparing the minimized received signal to the amplified received signal.
22. The method of claim 20, wherein the step of amplifying the received signal further comprises amplifying the amplitude of the received signal to substantially the same amplitude as the transmitted signal.
23. The method of claim 20, wherein the step of amplifying the received signal further comprises dynamically adjusting the amplification level according to the measured amplitude of the received signal.
24. The method of claim 23, further comprising amplifying the received signal to either a high or low gain level to increase the measured amplitude of the received signal to a desired level.
25. The method of claim 24, wherein the low gain level amplification corresponds to contact of the signal receiving device with a conductive fluid.
26. The method of claim 24, wherein the high gain level amplification corresponds to contact of the signal receiving device with a non-conductive fluid.
27. The method of claim 18, further comprising tuning the received signal so that the relationship between changes caused by contacting the fluid surface and changes in an amplitude of the received signal is monotonic.
28. The method of claim 15, further comprising detecting the fluid surface of a fluid by detecting changes in a phase shift between the transmitted and received signals.
29. The method of claim 28, further comprising tuning the received signal so that the transmitted and received signals are near resonance prior to the signal receiving device contacting the fluid surface.
30. The method of claim 28, further comprising tuning the received signal so that the phase difference between the transmitted and received signals is small prior to the signal receiving device contacting the fluid surface.
31. The method of claim 30, further comprising tuning the received signal so that there is about a 2-5% phase difference between the transmitted and received signals prior to the signal receiving device contacting the fluid surface.
32. The method of claim 28, further comprising tuning the received signal so that the relationship between contacting the fluid surface and phase shift between the transmitted and received signals is monotonic.
33. The method of claim 15, further comprising tuning a receiver circuit operatively coupled to the signal receiving device to be near resonance prior to the signal receiving device contacting the fluid surface.
34. The method of claim 33, further comprising tuning the receiver circuit so as to be about 2-5% below resonance prior to the signal receiving device contacting the fluid surface.
35. A method of detecting a fluid flowing through a conduit comprising:
transmitting a signal with a signal transmitting device forming at least part of a first portion of the conduit;
receiving at least a portion of the signal with a signal receiving device forming at least part of a second portion of the conduit, wherein the signal transmitting device and the signal receiving device are electrically isolated from one another; and detecting a change in at least one characteristic of the received signal indicative of the continuity of the fluid flow through the conduit between said signal transmitting device and said signal receiving device.
36. The method of claim 35, wherein said transmitting step comprises transmitting an RF signal.
37. The method of claim 35, wherein said detecting step comprises detecting a change in amplitude of the received signal.
38. The method of claim 35, wherein said detecting step comprises detecting a phase shift between the transmitted and received signals.
39. The method of claim 35, further comprising calculating a time integral of the received signal over a period during which fluid flow is expected through the conduit and comparing the calculated integral to an expected integral value.
40. The method of claim 39, further comprising comparing the calculated time integral to an expected range of integral values.
41. The method of claim 35, further comprising determining the variability of the received signal over a period during which fluid flow is expected through the conduit and comparing the determined variability to a predetermined maximum acceptable variability.
42. The method of claim 41, wherein the variability is determined by dividing a standard deviation of the received signal by a mean value of the received signal.
43. The method of claim 39, further comprising determining the variability of the received signal over a period during which fluid flow is expected through the conduit and comparing the determined variability to a predetermined maximum acceptable variability.
44. The method of claim 35, further comprising monitoring pressure within the conduit and detecting changes in pressure in the conduit indicative of movement of fluid through the conduit.
45. The method of claim 44, further comprising determining a duration of an increase in pressure within the conduit associated with forced movement of fluid through the conduit and comparing the determined duration of the increased pressure to a duration that would be expected if a predetermined amount of fluid were moved through the conduit.
46. The method of claim 45, further comprising comparing the determined duration of increased pressure to a range of durations that would be expected if a predetermined amount of fluid were moved through the conduit.
47. The method of claim 45, wherein the duration of the increase in pressure is determined by:
determining a pressure increase time corresponding to an initial increase in pressure associated with initiation of forced fluid movement through the conduit;
determining a pressure drop time corresponding to a drop in pressure below an increased pressure value associated with forced fluid movement through the conduit; and subtracting the pressure increase time from the pressure drop time.
48. The method of claim 39, further comprising monitoring pressure within the conduit and detecting changes in pressure in the conduit indicative of movement of fluid through the conduit.
49. The method of claim 48, further comprising determining a duration of an increase in pressure within the conduit associated with forced movement of fluid through the conduit and comparing the determined duration of the increased pressure to a duration that would be expected if a predetermined amount of fluid were moved through the conduit.
50. The method of claim 43, further comprising monitoring pressure within the conduit and detecting changes in pressure in the conduit indicative of movement of fluid through the conduit.
51. The method of claim 50, further comprising determining a duration of an increase in pressure within the conduit associated with forced movement of fluid through the conduit and comparing the determined duration of the increased pressure to a duration that would be expected if a predetermined amount of fluid were moved through the conduit.
52. The method of claim 44, further comprising calculating a time integral of a pressure signal over a period of increased pressure within the conduit associated with forced fluid movement through the conduit and comparing the calculated integral to a value that would be expected if a predetermined amount of fluid were moved through the conduit.
53. The method of claim 52, further comprising comparing the calculated integral to a range of values that would be expected if a predetermined amount of fluid were moved through the conduit.
54. The method of claim 49, further comprising calculating a time integral of a pressure signal over a period of increased pressure within the conduit associated with forced fluid movement through the conduit and comparing the calculated integral to a value that would be expected if a predetermined amount of fluid were moved through the conduit.
55. The method of claim 51, further comprising calculating a time integral of a pressure signal over a period of increased pressure within the conduit associated with forced fluid movement through the conduit and comparing the calculated integral to a value that would be expected if a predetermined amount of fluid were moved through the conduit.
56. The method of claim 45, further comprising calculating a time integral of a pressure signal over a period of increased pressure within the conduit associated with forced fluid movement through the conduit and comparing the calculated integral to a value that would be expected if a predetermined amount of fluid were moved through the conduit.
57. A method of detecting fluid flow through a conduit due to the operation of a fluid pump to determine if a predetermined amount of a fluid was moved through the conduit by operation of the pump comprising measuring pressure within the conduit and determining a duration of an increase in pressure within the conduit associated with fluid movement through the conduit due to the operation of the pump and comparing the determined duration of increased pressure to a duration that would be expected if the predetermined amount of fluid were moved through the conduit.
58. The method of claim 57, further comprising comparing the determined duration of increased pressure to a range of durations that would be expected if the predetermined amount of fluid were moved through the conduit.
59. The method of claim 57, wherein the duration of the increase in pressure is determined by:
determining a pressure increase time corresponding to an initial increase in pressure associated with initiation of forced fluid movement through the conduit;
determining a pressure drop time corresponding to a drop in pressure below an increased pressure value associated with forced fluid movement through the conduit; and subtracting the pressure increase time from the pressure drop time.
60. The method of claim 57, further comprising calculating a time integral of a pressure signal over a period of increased pressure within the conduit associated with forced fluid movement through the conduit due to operation of the pump and comparing the calculated integral to a value that would be expected if the predetermined amount of fluid were moved through the conduit.
61. The method of claim 60, further comprising comparing the calculated integral to a range of values that would be expected if the predetermined amount of fluid were moved through the conduit.
62. A method of detecting fluid flow through a conduit due to the operation of a fluid pump to determine if a predetermined amount of a fluid was moved through the conduit by operation of the pump comprising measuring pressure within the conduit and calculating a time integral of a pressure signal over a period of increased pressure within the conduit associated with forced fluid movement through the conduit due to operation of the pump and comparing the calculated integral to a value that would be expected if the predetermined amount of fluid were moved through the conduit.
63. The method of claim 62, further comprising comparing the calculated integral to a range of values that would be expected if the predetermined amount of fluid were moved through the conduit.
64. A fluid transfer system comprising:
a pump constructed and arranged to cause movement of a fluid within said system; and a sensing probe operatively coupled to said pump and adapted to transmit fluid into or out of an opening at a distal end thereof, said sensing probe being constructed and arranged to detect:
(a) contact of a predetermined portion of the probe with a fluid surface; and (b) fluid movement through said probe.
65. The system of claim 64, further comprising a pressure sensor coupled to a fluid flow conduit system which includes said probe and constructed and arranged to measure pressure changes resulting from fluid movement through said conduit system caused by said pump.
66. The system of claim 64, further comprising at least one fluid reservoir operatively coupled to said pump and adapted to hold a fluid to be moved through said probe by said pump.
67. The system of claim 66, further comprising a valve constructed and arranged to permit selective operative coupling of said pump with either said reservoir or said sensing probe.
68. The system of claim 67, wherein said valve comprises a rotary valve.
69. The system of claim 64, wherein said pump comprises a syringe pump.
70. The system of claim 64, further comprising a conduit adapted to carry a fluid and constructed and arranged to operatively couple said pump with said sensing probe.
71. The system of claim 70, further comprising a pumping fluid carried in said conduit for transmitting a pressure change caused by said pump to said sensing probe.
72. The system of claim 71, wherein said pumping fluid comprises water.
73. The system of claim 64, wherein said probe is carried on a robotic device for effecting automated movement of said probe.
74. The system of claim 73, wherein said robotic device is constructed and arranged to effect vertical and horizontal translation of said probe.
75. The system of claim 64, wherein said sensing probe comprises a fluid flow conduit including a first electrically conductive portion and a second electrically conductive portion longitudinally spaced from said first electrically conductive portion, said first and second electrically conductive portions being separated by a substantially non-conductive portion disposed between said first and second electrically conductive portions.
76. The system of claim 75, further comprising a signal-generating circuit electrically coupled to said first electrically conductive portion for generating a signal transmitted by said first electrically conductive portion and a signal-receiving circuit electrically coupled to said second electrically conductive portion for receiving, through said second electrically conductive portion, at least a portion of the signal transmitted by said first electrically conductive portion.
77. The system of claim 75, wherein said first electrically conductive portion comprises a first tube formed from an electrically conductive material, said second electrically conductive a portion comprises a second tube formed from an electrically conductive material, and said substantially non-conductive portion comprises an intermediate tube formed from a substantially non-conductive material, said intermediate tube being connected at opposite ends thereof to a respective end of each of said first and second tubes.
CA 2399181 2000-02-29 2001-02-28 Fluid dispense and liquid surface verification system and method Expired - Fee Related CA2399181C (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA 2724266 CA2724266C (en) 2000-02-29 2001-02-28 Fluid dispense and liquid surface verification system and method
CA 2658772 CA2658772C (en) 2000-02-29 2001-02-28 Fluid dispense and liquid surface verification system and method

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US18574100P 2000-02-29 2000-02-29
US60/185,741 2000-02-29
PCT/US2001/006339 WO2001065214A2 (en) 2000-02-29 2001-02-28 Fluid dispense and liquid surface verification system and method

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CA 2724266 Division CA2724266C (en) 2000-02-29 2001-02-28 Fluid dispense and liquid surface verification system and method
CA 2658772 Division CA2658772C (en) 2000-02-29 2001-02-28 Fluid dispense and liquid surface verification system and method

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CA2399181A1 true CA2399181A1 (en) 2001-09-07
CA2399181C CA2399181C (en) 2011-02-22

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CA 2724266 Expired - Fee Related CA2724266C (en) 2000-02-29 2001-02-28 Fluid dispense and liquid surface verification system and method
CA 2658772 Expired - Lifetime CA2658772C (en) 2000-02-29 2001-02-28 Fluid dispense and liquid surface verification system and method

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CA 2658772 Expired - Lifetime CA2658772C (en) 2000-02-29 2001-02-28 Fluid dispense and liquid surface verification system and method

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US (5) US6604054B2 (en)
EP (2) EP1261876B1 (en)
JP (2) JP4717312B2 (en)
AU (2) AU4536501A (en)
CA (3) CA2399181C (en)
WO (1) WO2001065214A2 (en)

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