CA2349508C - Electrolysis cell and internal combustion engine kit comprising the same - Google Patents

Electrolysis cell and internal combustion engine kit comprising the same Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2349508C
CA2349508C CA002349508A CA2349508A CA2349508C CA 2349508 C CA2349508 C CA 2349508C CA 002349508 A CA002349508 A CA 002349508A CA 2349508 A CA2349508 A CA 2349508A CA 2349508 C CA2349508 C CA 2349508C
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CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
cell
electrolysis cell
gases
pressure
electrolysis
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
CA002349508A
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French (fr)
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CA2349508A1 (en
Inventor
Bill Ross
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Canadian Hydrogen Energy Co Ltd
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Canadian Hydrogen Energy Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to CA002349508A priority Critical patent/CA2349508C/en
Application filed by Canadian Hydrogen Energy Co Ltd filed Critical Canadian Hydrogen Energy Co Ltd
Priority to AT02734937T priority patent/ATE377144T1/en
Priority to IL15917602A priority patent/IL159176A0/en
Priority to EA200500004A priority patent/EA009567B1/en
Priority to PL02367483A priority patent/PL367483A1/en
Priority to MXPA03011145A priority patent/MXPA03011145A/en
Priority to NZ530424A priority patent/NZ530424A/en
Priority to NZ549815A priority patent/NZ549815A/en
Priority to JP2003502352A priority patent/JP2004528512A/en
Priority to DE60223247T priority patent/DE60223247D1/en
Priority to CNB028147480A priority patent/CN100347423C/en
Priority to HU0401459A priority patent/HUP0401459A2/en
Priority to EP02734937A priority patent/EP1397583B1/en
Priority to CNA2006101678879A priority patent/CN101012775A/en
Priority to PCT/CA2002/000809 priority patent/WO2002099260A1/en
Priority to US10/162,367 priority patent/US6896789B2/en
Publication of CA2349508A1 publication Critical patent/CA2349508A1/en
Priority to IS7063A priority patent/IS7063A/en
Priority to ZA200400005A priority patent/ZA200400005B/en
Publication of CA2349508C publication Critical patent/CA2349508C/en
Application granted granted Critical
Priority to US11/055,139 priority patent/US7143722B2/en
Priority to US11/633,150 priority patent/US20070074680A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/10—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding acetylene, non-waterborne hydrogen, non-airborne oxygen, or ozone
    • F02M25/12—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding acetylene, non-waterborne hydrogen, non-airborne oxygen, or ozone the apparatus having means for generating such gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B43/00—Engines characterised by operating on gaseous fuels; Plants including such engines
    • F02B43/10—Engines or plants characterised by use of other specific gases, e.g. acetylene, oxyhydrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B43/00—Engines characterised by operating on gaseous fuels; Plants including such engines
    • F02B43/10—Engines or plants characterised by use of other specific gases, e.g. acetylene, oxyhydrogen
    • F02B2043/106—Hydrogen obtained by electrolysis
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S123/00—Internal-combustion engines
    • Y10S123/12—Hydrogen

Abstract

A system for producing one or more gases for enhancing combustion in an internal combustion engine, the engine having an intake, the system comprising: an electrolysis cell, for generating one or more combustion enhancing gases under pressure; a gas conduit, for connecting the electrolysis cell to the internal combustion engine; and a flow regulator, operatively connected between the electrolysis cell and the intake of the engine, for regulating a flow of the combustion enhancing gases to the engine.

Description

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Claims (106)

1. ~A system for producing one or more gases for enhancing combustion in an internal combustion engine, said engine having an intake, the system comprising:
(a) an electrolysis cell, for generating one or more combustion enhancing gases from an electrolytic solution;
(b) a gas conduit, for connecting the electrolysis cell to the intake of the internal combustion engine;
(c) a pressure regulator, operatively connected between the electrolysis cell and the intake of the engine, for maintaining a positive pressure in said cell;
(d) a water reservoir to hold water to replenish said cell;
(e) a water conduit between said water reservoir and said cell;
and (f) a pressure connection between said electrolysis cell and said reservoir wherein said positive pressure in said cell is communicated to said reservoir to drive said water from said reservoir into said cell to replenish said electrolytic: solution in said cell.
2. The system as claimed in claim 1 wherein said electrolysis cell includes a gas space above said electrolytic solution and said pressure connection is between said gas space and said water reservoir.
3. The system for producing one or more gases according to claim 1, wherein said pressure regulator is a valve.
4. The system for producing one or more gases according to claim 3, wherein upon said electrolysis cell generating an internal pressure sufficient to overcome said valve, flow of said combustion enhancing gases is permitted to said intake.
5. The system as claimed in claim 1 further including an electronic controller for controlling operation of said system.
6. The system as claimed in claim 5 further including a reservoir valve to seal said reservoir and a refill valve to unseal said cell, said reservoir valve and said re-fill valve being controlled by said electronic controller, wherein when said cell is pressurized said electronic controller selectively opens and closes said re-fill valve and said reservoir valve to fill said cell with water from said reservoir.
7. The system for producing one or more gases according to claim 1, 3 or 4 wherein the rate of flow of said combustion enhancing gases from said cell to said engine is relatively constant as said intake engine pressure of said engine changes.
8. The system for producing one or more gases according to claims 1, 3, or 4 wherein the rate of flow of said combustion enhancing gases from said cell to said engine can be increased when the engine is operating at higher speed.
9. The system for producing one or more gases according to claim 6 wherein said pressure regulator is a pressure release valve set to a release pressure from said cell towards an upper end of an operating range of pressures of said intake.
10. The system for producing one or more gases according to claim 9, wherein said release pressure is set to a value between 1 and 50 pounds per square inch.
11. The system for producing one or more gases according to claim 9, wherein said release pressure is about 20 pounds per square inch.
12. The system for producing one or more gases according to claim 1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8 or 9, further including pressure relief means to reduce the pressure of said one or more combustion enhancing gases in said cell when the pressure in said cell exceeds a predetermined safety release pressure.
13. The system for producing one or more gases according to claim 12, wherein said pressure relief means comprises a pressure sensor, set to detect said predetermined safety release pressure, and a gas bypass, to connect said combustible gas produced in said cell with a lower pressure environment upon the pressure of said gas exceeding said predetermined safety release pressure.
14. The system for producing one or more gases according to claim 13, wherein said pressure sensor is a pressure switch and said gas bypass is a safety gas conduit, said safety gas conduit being switchable between an open and a closed position.
15. The system for producing one or more gases according to claim 14 wherein said predetermined safety release pressure is at least 35 pounds per square inch.
16. The system for producing one or more gases according to claim 15 wherein said pressure sensor comprises a rupture disk set to mechanically open at said predetermined safety release pressure, and said gas bypass comprises an operative connection between said cell and the atmosphere.
17. The system for producing one or more gases according to claim 16 wherein said predetermined safety release pressure is at least 60 pounds per square inch.
18. The system for producing one or more gases according to claim 1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, or 9 wherein said cell is a pressure vessel having walls constructed to contain about 10,000 pounds per square inch pressure.
19. The system for producing one or more gases according to claim 18 wherein said cell has end blocks rated to withstand about 6,000 pounds per square inch pressure.
20. The system for producing one or more gases according to claim 1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, or 9 further including a switchable valve on said gas conduit, said valve having at least two positions, wherein in one position said valve permits said one or more gases to pass from said cell to said intake of said internal combustion engine, and in the other of said positions said valve permits said one or more gases to pass from said cell to the atmosphere.
21. The system of claim 3 wherein said valve is a check valve, the check valve being adapted and positioned to block outside air from entering said cell and to permit gas to flow from said cell to said intake.
22. The system for producing one or more gases according to claim 21 the system further including a pressure sensor set to detect a first safety release pressure and a first gas bypass to connect said combustible gas produced in said cell with a lower pressure environment upon the pressure of said gas exceeding said first predetermined safety release pressure.
23. The system of claim 22, the system further comprising a rupture disk set to mechanically open at a second predetermined safety release pressure higher than said first predetermined safety release pressure, and a second gas bypass, connecting said cell with the atmosphere for allowing said gas to vent to said atmosphere upon the pressure of said gas exceeding said second predetermined safety release pressure.
24. A method of producing one or more gases for enhancing combustion in an internal combustion engine, said engine having an intake, said method comprising:
(a) providing an electrolysis cell containing an electrolysis solution, for generating one or more combustion enhancing gases under pressure, a gas conduit, for connecting the electrolysis cell to the intake of said internal combustion engine, a pressure regulator, operatively connected between the electrolysis cell and the intake of the engine, for creating a positive pressure in said cell, and a reservoir containing a supply of a liquid used to replenish said electrolysis solution;
(b) activating said electrolysis cell, to produce said one or more gases to create said positive pressure;
(c) regulating the flow of said one or more gases to said internal combustion engine through said pressure regulator;
and (d) connecting said cell to said reservoir to permit said positive pressure of said gases in said cell to drive said liquid from said reservoir to said cell to replenish said electrolysis solution in said cell.
25. A method of producing one or more gases according to claim 24, wherein said step of providing an electrolysis cell includes providing a safety release valve operatively connected to said electrolysis cell, and wherein said step of activating said electrolysis cell includes relieving pressure within said cell by venting said gases to a lower pressure environment through said safety release valve when said pressure of said one or more gases exceeds a predetermined safety release pressure.
26. A system for producing one or more gases for enhancing combustion for an internal combustion engine, the system comprising:
a) an electrolysis cell, for generating one or more gases from an electrolytic solution that has a lower freezing temperature than the freezing temperature of water, upon said system being energized;
b) a replacement water reservoir connected to said cell to hold water to replenish the electrolysis cell; and c) a means to re-fill said electrolysis cell from said reservoir upon said electrolysis cell being de-energized.
27. The system of claim 26 wherein said reservoir is permitted to freeze and wherein said system further includes a reservoir heater which is energized when said electrolysis cell is energized, said heater and said reservoir being sized and shaped to melt said reservoir enough to replenish said electrolysis cell before a low level shut down of said electrolysis cell.
28. The system of claim 27, wherein said system further comprises a timer set to a predetermined settling time, and wherein said means to re-fill said electrolysis cell is configured to re-fill said electrolysis cell after said predetermined settling time elapses.
29. The system for producing one or more gases according to claim 26, 27 or 28 wherein said electrolysis cell produces said one or more gases under pressure, and the pressure of said one or more gases is directed to said water reservoir, to drive said water into said electrolysis cell to replenish said electrolytic solution in said cell after said electrolysis cell is de-energized.
30. The system for producing one or more gases according to claim 29, further including a gas connection conduit to connect said one or more gases produced under pressure in said cell to said water reservoir.
31. The system for producing one or more gases according to claim 30, further including a water conduit to connect said water from said water reservoir to said cell.
32. The system as claimed in claim 31 wherein said system includes an electronic controller, and a selectively operable valve between said water reservoir and said cell, wherein said electronic controller opens said selectively operable valve after said predetermined settling time to permit said pressure in said cell to drive water from said reservoir to said cell after said well is de-energized.
33. The system for producing one or more gases according to claim 26, wherein said replacement water reservoir is made at least in part from a heat-conducting material, and said heater is operatively connected to said heat-conducting material.
34. The system for producing one or more gases according to claim 33, wherein said cell has a power supply, and said heater is said power supply of said cell.
35. The system for producing one or more gases according to claim 26, 27, 28, 30, 31, 33, or 34, wherein said replacement water reservoir is insulated.
36. A method of producing one or more gases for enhancing combustion for an internal combustion engine, said method comprising:
a) providing a system for producing said one or more gases, said system including an electrolysis cell, for generating one or more gases from an electrolytic solution that has a lower freezing temperature than the freezing point of water, a replacement water reservoir, to hold water to replenish said electrolysis cell, and a heater, operatively connected to said replacement water reservoir, to provide heat to the replacement water reservoir; and b) refilling said cell from said reservoir upon said system being de-energized.
37. The method of claim 36 further comprising the step of, after said subsequent startup, heating said reservoir to melt water to replenish said cell.
38. The method of claim 36 wherein said refilling step further comprises waiting for a predetermined settling time before re-filling said cell.
39. An electrolysis cell for conducting electrolysis of a liquid solution to produce one or more gases, the electrolysis cell including an outlet to permit said gases to exit said cell and an inlet to permit liquid to be introduced into said cell to replenish said cell, said cell comprising:
a body defining an interior space wherein at least a part of said body is conductive;
a conductor located inside of said body in said interior space, said conductor being spaced apart from said conductive part of said body;
said body and said conductor acting as opposed cathode and anode upon said cell being energized, at least one of said cathode or anode being formed from expanded metal to enhance the production of said gases from said cell.
40. The electrolysis cell of claim 39 wherein said expanded metal has a maximum of 50% open area.
41. The electrolysis cell of claims 39 or 40 wherein both of said cathode and said anode are formed in at least part from expanded metal.
42. The electrolysis cell of claim 41 wherein said expanded metal has a cubic-faced centre molecular structure.
43. The electrolysis cell of claim 42 wherein said expanded metal is nickel.
44. The electrolysis cell of claim 41 wherein said conductive part of said body has said expanded metal electrically connected thereto.
45. The electrolysis cell of claim 41 further including a source of electrical power, wherein the electrical inputs to said cathode and anode are switchable reversing the cathode and anode.
46. The electrolysis cell of claim 36 further including a tensioner to cause said expanded metal to be in electrical contact with said conductive part of said body.
47. The electrolysis cell according to claim 39, further including a pressure regulator, and a condenser operatively connected between said outlet on said body and said pressure regulator, wherein said condenser receives and thermally isolates said one or more gases from said cell.
48. The electrolysis cell according to claim 47 wherein a separator block is provided between said cell and said condenser.
49. The electrolysis cell of claim 48 wherein said separator block includes openings to permit gases produced in said cell to pass into said condenser.
50. The electrolysis cell according to claim 38, wherein said condenser has a surface conducive to condensing water vapour.
51. The electrolysis cell according to claim 39 or 47, further including a fan to cool said cell and said condenser.
52. The electrolysis cell according to claim 39 or 47, further including at least one temperature sensor on said cell.
53. The electrolysis cell according to claim 52, further including a heat blanket operatively connected to said body, to warm up said cell when the temperature of said cell as indicated by said temperature sensor is below a predetermined cold temperature.
54. The electrolysis cell according to claim 39 or 47, wherein said cathode and said anode have a height extending above a level of said liquid solution in said body.
55. The electrolysis cell according to claim 54, wherein said height of said cathode and anode is in a range between 8 and 12 inches.
56. The electrolysis cell according to claim 54, wherein said level of said liquid solution is less than said height of said cathode and anode by a length in a range between 1/2 inch and 3 inches.
57. The electrolysis cell according to claim 54, further including a float sensor to detect a plurality of discrete liquid levels of electrolysis solution in said body.
58. The electrolysis cell according to claim 57, wherein said float sensor includes a safety float to detect a level of said liquid solution at a predetermined high point proximate to a top part of said body.
59. The electrolysis cell according to claim 57, wherein said float sensor includes a fill float to detect a level of said liquid solution at a predetermined fill point.
60. The electrolysis cell according to claim 57, wherein said float sensor includes a re-fill float to detect a level of said liquid solution at a predetermined re-fill point.
61. The electrolysis cell according to claim 60, wherein said float sensor includes a low float to detect a level of said liquid solution at a predetermined low point.
62. The electrolysis cell according to claim 39, 47 or 55, wherein said system includes a flow regulator, for regulating the flow of said one or more gases to an internal combustion Engine.
63. The electrolysis cell according to claim 62, wherein said flow regulator is a check valve.
64. The electrolysis cell according to claim 63, wherein said check valve is set to a release pressure of at least 20 pounds per square inch.
65. The electrolysis cell according to claim 39, 47, 54 or 62, wherein said body and said conductor are cylindrically shaped.
66. An electrolysis cell for conducting electrolysis of a liquid solution to produce one or more gases, the electrolysis cell comprising:
a) a body, said body defining an interior space to contain an electrolysis solution, at least part of said body being conductive;
b) a conductor located inside the interior space defined by said body, said conductor being spaced apart from said conductive part of said body;
c) an outlet operatively connected to the body, to receive the one or more gases produced by the electrolysis cell, d) a pressure regulator, between said outlet and an intake for an engine;
e) a condenser operatively connected between said outlet on said body and said pressure regulator, said condenser being positioned and configured such that water vapour condensed in said condenser drains to said interior space of said body;
f) an inlet operatively connected to the body, to receive a liquid to replenish the liquid solution used by the electrolysis cell;
g) a cathode operatively connected to one of said conductive part of said body or said conductor; and h) an anode operatively connected to the other of said conductive part of said body or said conductor;
67. The electrolysis cell according to claim 66, wherein said condenser has a surface conducive to condensing water vapour.
68. The electrolysis cell according to claim 66, further including a fan to cool said cell and said condenser.
69. The electrolysis cell according to claim 66, further including at least one temperature sensor.
70. The electrolysis cell according to claim 69, further including a heat blanket operatively connected to said body, to warm up said cell when the temperature of said cell as indicated by said temperature sensor is below a predetermined cold temperature.
71. The electrolysis cell according to claim 66, wherein said cathode and said anode have a height extending above a level of said liquid solution in said body.
72. The electrolysis cell according to claim 71, wherein said height of said cathode and anode is in a range between 8 and 12 inches.
73. The electrolysis cell according to claim 72, wherein said level of said liquid solution is less than said height of said cathode and anode by a length in a range between 1/2 inch and 3 inches.
74. The electrolysis cell according to claim 72, further including a float sensor to detect the level of liquid solution in said interior space of said body.
75. The electrolysis cell according to claim 73, wherein said float sensor detects one or more of a low level safety cut off level, a low level re-fill level, a high level re-fill and a high level safety cutoff level.
76. The electrolysis cell according to claim 75 wherein said float sensor includes a solid float which floats in said liquid solution and a fixed detector positioned at said discrete liquid level, said fixed detector detecting the presence of said float when said float is at said level.
77. The electrolysis cell according to claim 76, wherein said solid float includes a magnet and said detector is a reed switch which detects the presence of said magnet in said solid float.
78. The electrolysis cell according to claim 77 wherein said float sensor includes a central float guide having reed switches located at said discrete levels and one or more floats on said central float guide for triggering said reed switches.
79. The electrolysis cell according to claim 78, wherein said flow regulator is a check valve.
80. The electrolysis cell according to claim 79, wherein said check valve is set to a release pressure of at least 20 pounds per square inch.
81. The electrolysis cell according to claim 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73 or 74, wherein said body and said conductor are cylindrically shaped.
82. An electrolysis cell for conducting electrolysis of a liquid solution to produce one or more gases, the electrolysis cell comprising:
a) a body, said body defining an interior space, at least part of said body being conductive;
b) a conductor located inside the interior space defined by said body, said conductor being spaced apart from said conductive part of said body;
c) an outlet operatively connected to the body, to receive the one or more gases produced by the electrolysis cell;
d) an inlet operatively connected to the body, to receive a liquid to replenish the liquid solution used by the electrolysis cell;
e) a cathode operatively connected to one of said conductive part of said body or said conductor;
f) an anode operatively connected to the other of said conductive part of said body or said conductor;
g) a float sensor, said float sensor being configured to detect a plurality of discrete levels of said liquid solution in said interior space of said body; and h) an electronic controller, to control operation of said system in response to said detected liquid solution levels.
83. The electrolysis cell according to claim 82, wherein said float sensor is located centrally in said interior space of said body.
84. The electrolysis cell according to claim 82, wherein said central float sensor detects one or more of a low level safety cut off level, a re-fill level, a filled level and a high level safety cutoff level.
85. The electrolysis cell according to claim 82, 83, or 84 wherein said float sensor includes at least one solid float which floats in said liquid solution and at least one fixed detector positioned at at least one said discrete liquid level, said fixed detector detecting the presence of said float when said float is at said discrete liquid level.
86. The electrolysis cell according to claim 85, wherein said solid float includes a magnet and said detector is a reed switch which detects the presence of said magnet in said solid float.
87. The electrolysis cell according to claim 86 wherein said float sensor includes a central float guide having reed switches located at said discrete levels and one or more floats on said central float guide for triggering said reed switches.
88. The cell of claim 71, said condenser being positioned and configured such that water vapour condensed in said condenser drains to said interior space of said body.
89. The electrolysis cell according to claim 88, further including a pressure regulator in the form of a check valve.
90. The electrolysis cell according to claim 89, wherein said check valve is set to a release pressure of at least 20 pounds per square inch.
91. The electrolysis cell according to claim 89, wherein said body and said conductor are cylindrically shaped.
92. An internal combustion engine kit for producing ones or more gases for enhancing combustion in an internal combustion engine, said engine having an intake, the internal combustion engine kit comprising:
a) an electrolysis cell, for generating one or more combustion enhancing gases under pressure;
b) a power conditioning means, to provide appropriate electrical power to said electrolysis cell;
c) a water reservoir, to provide water to said electrolysis cell;
d) an electronic controller, for controlling the supply of electrical power to said electrolysis cell, so that said electrolysis cell can perform electrolysis, and for controlling the supply of water from the water reservoir to the electrolysis cell;
e) a gas conduit, for connecting the electrolysis cell to the internal combustion engine; and f) a flow regulator, operatively connected between the electrolysis cell and the intake of the engine, for regulating a flow of said combustion enhancing gases to said engine.
93. The internal combustion engine kit according to claim 92, wherein said flow regulator is a pressure release valve set to a release pressure towards an upper end of an operating range of pressures of said intake.
94. The internal combustion engine kit according to claim 93 wherein said kit contains external connections to: a source of positive voltage, a source of negative voltage, an oil pressure switch, a water input, and a gas output.
95. The internal combustion engine kit according to claim 94 further including an anode and a cathode that are switchable by said controller.
96. The internal combustion engine kit according to claims 94 or 95, wherein said flow regulator provide said gases to said engine as said gases are produced by said cell.
97. The internal combustion engine kit according to claim 96 wherein said gases are produced at a constant rate and are provided to said engine at said constant rate.
98. The internal combustion engine kit according to claim 96 wherein said gases are produced at an increased rate when said engine is operating at a higher speed.
99. A system for producing one or more gases for enhancing combustion for an internal combustion engine, the system comprising:
an electrolysis cell, for generating one or more gases from an electrolytic solution;
a replacement water reservoir, to hold water to replenish the electrolysis cell; and a water conduit connecting said water from said water reservoir to said cell;
wherein said cell is configured to produce said one or more gases under pressure, and wherein said cell and reservoir are configured such that the pressure of said one or more gases is directed to said water reservoir, to drive said water through said water conduit into said cell to replenish said electrolytic solution in said cell.
100. The system for producing one or more gases according to claim 99, wherein said cell further includes a heater, operatively connected to the replacement water reservoir, to provide heat to the replacement water reservoir to melt frozen water in said reservoir, to replenish said electrolysis cell.
101. The system for producing one or more gases according to claim 99 or 100 further including a gas connection conduit to connect said one or more gases produced under pressure in said cell to said water reservoir.
102. The system for producing one or more gases according to claim 99, wherein said replacement water reservoir is made at least in part from a heat-conducting material, and said heater is operatively connected to said heat-conducting material.
103. The system for producing one or more gases according to claim 99, wherein said cell has a power supply, and said heater is said power supply of said cell.
104. The system for producing one or more gases according to claim 99, wherein said replacement water reservoir is insulated.
105. A system for providing one or more gases for enhancing combustion in an internal combustion engine, said engine having an intake, the system comprising:
a) an electrolysis cell for generating one or more combustion enhancing gases under pressure;
b) a gas conduit for connecting the electrolysis cell to the intake of the internal combustion engine; and c) a flow regulator to provide a constant rate of flow of said combustion enhancing gases to said engine during a fluctuation in engine intake pressure.
106. A system as claimed in claim 105 wherein a current to said electrolysis cell can be varied over time to increase or decrease the amount of combustion enhancing gases produced.
CA002349508A 2001-06-04 2001-06-04 Electrolysis cell and internal combustion engine kit comprising the same Expired - Fee Related CA2349508C (en)

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CA002349508A CA2349508C (en) 2001-06-04 2001-06-04 Electrolysis cell and internal combustion engine kit comprising the same
JP2003502352A JP2004528512A (en) 2001-06-04 2002-05-31 Electrolytic cell and internal combustion engine kit having the same
EA200500004A EA009567B1 (en) 2001-06-04 2002-05-31 Electrolysis cell and internal combustion engine kit comprising the same
PL02367483A PL367483A1 (en) 2001-06-04 2002-05-31 Electrolysis cell and internal combustion engine kit comprising the same
MXPA03011145A MXPA03011145A (en) 2001-06-04 2002-05-31 Electrolysis cell and internal combustion engine kit comprising the same.
NZ530424A NZ530424A (en) 2001-06-04 2002-05-31 Electrolysis cell and internal combustion engine kit comprising the same
NZ549815A NZ549815A (en) 2001-06-04 2002-05-31 Electrolysis cell and internal combustion engine kit comprising the same
IL15917602A IL159176A0 (en) 2001-06-04 2002-05-31 Electrolysis cell and internal combustion engine kit comprising the same
DE60223247T DE60223247D1 (en) 2001-06-04 2002-05-31 ELECTROLYSIS CELL AND FUEL POWER MACHINE BOXES THUS PROVIDED
CNB028147480A CN100347423C (en) 2001-06-04 2002-05-31 Electrolysis cell and internal combustion engine kit comprising the same
AT02734937T ATE377144T1 (en) 2001-06-04 2002-05-31 ELECTROLYSIS CELL AND COMBUSTION ENGINE CONSTRUCTION KIT
HU0401459A HUP0401459A2 (en) 2001-06-04 2002-05-31 Electrolysis cell and internal combustion engine kit comprising the same
EP02734937A EP1397583B1 (en) 2001-06-04 2002-05-31 Electrolysis cell and internal combustion engine kit comprising the same
PCT/CA2002/000809 WO2002099260A1 (en) 2001-06-04 2002-05-31 Electrolysis cell and internal combustion engine kit comprising the same
CNA2006101678879A CN101012775A (en) 2001-06-04 2002-05-31 Electrolysis cell and internal combustion engine kit comprising the same
US10/162,367 US6896789B2 (en) 2001-06-04 2002-06-03 Electrolysis cell and internal combustion engine kit comprising the same
IS7063A IS7063A (en) 2001-06-04 2003-12-03 An electrolytic tank and a fire engine assembly that includes it
ZA200400005A ZA200400005B (en) 2001-06-04 2004-01-05 Electrolysis cell and internal combustion engine kit comprising the same
US11/055,139 US7143722B2 (en) 2001-06-04 2005-02-08 Electrolysis cell and internal combustion engine kit comprising the same
US11/633,150 US20070074680A1 (en) 2001-06-04 2006-12-04 Electrolysis cell and internal combustion engine kit comprising the same

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US7143722B2 (en) 2006-12-05
US6896789B2 (en) 2005-05-24
CN1535353A (en) 2004-10-06
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CN101012775A (en) 2007-08-08
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ZA200400005B (en) 2006-03-29
EP1397583B1 (en) 2007-10-31

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