CA2342154A1 - Ceramic fuel cell - Google Patents

Ceramic fuel cell Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2342154A1
CA2342154A1 CA002342154A CA2342154A CA2342154A1 CA 2342154 A1 CA2342154 A1 CA 2342154A1 CA 002342154 A CA002342154 A CA 002342154A CA 2342154 A CA2342154 A CA 2342154A CA 2342154 A1 CA2342154 A1 CA 2342154A1
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
ceramic
fuel cell
present
fuel
bismuth oxide
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CA002342154A
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
CA2342154C (en
Inventor
William Nicholas Lawless
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AEP Investments Inc
Original Assignee
Ceramphysics, Inc.
William Nicholas Lawless
Aep Emtech Llc
Aep Investments, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ceramphysics, Inc., William Nicholas Lawless, Aep Emtech Llc, Aep Investments, Inc. filed Critical Ceramphysics, Inc.
Publication of CA2342154A1 publication Critical patent/CA2342154A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA2342154C publication Critical patent/CA2342154C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
    • H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
    • H01M4/9041—Metals or alloys
    • H01M4/905—Metals or alloys specially used in fuel cell operating at high temperature, e.g. SOFC
    • H01M4/9058—Metals or alloys specially used in fuel cell operating at high temperature, e.g. SOFC of noble metals or noble-metal based alloys
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
    • H01M4/8605—Porous electrodes
    • H01M4/8621—Porous electrodes containing only metallic or ceramic material, e.g. made by sintering or sputtering
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
    • H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
    • H01M4/9016—Oxides, hydroxides or oxygenated metallic salts
    • H01M4/9025—Oxides specially used in fuel cell operating at high temperature, e.g. SOFC
    • H01M4/9033—Complex oxides, optionally doped, of the type M1MeO3, M1 being an alkaline earth metal or a rare earth, Me being a metal, e.g. perovskites
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
    • H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
    • H01M4/9041—Metals or alloys
    • H01M4/905—Metals or alloys specially used in fuel cell operating at high temperature, e.g. SOFC
    • H01M4/9066—Metals or alloys specially used in fuel cell operating at high temperature, e.g. SOFC of metal-ceramic composites or mixtures, e.g. cermets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
    • H01M8/124—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the process of manufacturing or by the material of the electrolyte
    • H01M8/1246—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the process of manufacturing or by the material of the electrolyte the electrolyte consisting of oxides
    • H01M8/1266—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the process of manufacturing or by the material of the electrolyte the electrolyte consisting of oxides the electrolyte containing bismuth oxide
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
    • H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
    • H01M8/2484—Details of groupings of fuel cells characterised by external manifolds
    • H01M8/2485—Arrangements for sealing external manifolds; Arrangements for mounting external manifolds around a stack
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
    • H01M8/1213—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the electrode/electrolyte combination or the supporting material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
    • H01M8/124—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the process of manufacturing or by the material of the electrolyte
    • H01M8/1246—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the process of manufacturing or by the material of the electrolyte the electrolyte consisting of oxides
    • H01M8/1253—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the process of manufacturing or by the material of the electrolyte the electrolyte consisting of oxides the electrolyte containing zirconium oxide
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)
  • Inert Electrodes (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)

Abstract

A honeycomb ceramic fuel cell is provided including, among other things, (i) an yttria stabilized bismuth oxide oxygen ion conductive ceramic with zir-conia incorporated therein, (ii) a nio-bia stabilized bismuth oxide oxygen ion conductive ceramic, (iii) a copper cer-met anode electrode disposed in the fuel supply passage of a bismuth oxide ce-ramic fuel cell, or (iv) specially arranged inter-passage channels formed in the ce-ramic body of the fuel cell. In ac-cordance with one embodiment of the present invention, a ceramic fuel cell is provided comprising an oxidant supply passage, a cathode electrode disposed in the oxidant supply passage, a fuel sup-ply passage, an anode electrode disposed in the fuel supply passage, and a sta-bilized bismuth oxide oxygen ion con-ductive ceramic interposed between the cathode electrode and the anode elec-trode. The ceramic may be stabilized with yttria or niobia and may include zirconia. Fuel cells incorporating the ce-ramic compositions of the present inven-tion are operational at temperatures ator below about 650 °C. Thus, sooting of the ceramic body is not a problem if unreformed organic fuels are utilized in the present invention. According to certain embodiments of the present invention, a zirconia coating is interposed between the stabilized ceramic body and the anode electrode. Further, the ceramic electrodes (e.g. made of LXM whose L is La, M is MnO3, X is Pb, Sr, Ca or Ba) of the present invention may be provided with a silver overlay. The anode may also comprise a copper cermet.
CA002342154A 1998-06-12 1999-06-10 Ceramic fuel cell Expired - Fee Related CA2342154C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US8916998P 1998-06-12 1998-06-12
US60/089,169 1998-06-12
PCT/US1999/013132 WO1999065099A2 (en) 1998-06-12 1999-06-10 Ceramic fuel cell

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2342154A1 true CA2342154A1 (en) 1999-12-16
CA2342154C CA2342154C (en) 2009-04-07

Family

ID=22216093

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA002342154A Expired - Fee Related CA2342154C (en) 1998-06-12 1999-06-10 Ceramic fuel cell

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US6372375B1 (en)
EP (1) EP1095418B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2002518794A (en)
CN (1) CN1308780A (en)
AT (1) ATE400905T1 (en)
AU (1) AU5082399A (en)
BR (1) BR9911169A (en)
CA (1) CA2342154C (en)
DE (1) DE69939061D1 (en)
MX (1) MXPA00012324A (en)
RU (1) RU2221315C2 (en)
WO (1) WO1999065099A2 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8007954B2 (en) 2000-11-09 2011-08-30 The Trustees Of The University Of Pennsylvania Use of sulfur-containing fuels for direct oxidation fuel cells

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WO2001048855A1 (en) * 1999-12-28 2001-07-05 Corning Incorporated Honeycomb electrode fuel cells
US7273671B2 (en) * 2000-05-08 2007-09-25 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Fuel cell and method for making the same
AU2002230865A1 (en) * 2000-10-30 2002-05-15 Michael A. Cobb & Company Solid oxide fuel cells stack
WO2003005462A2 (en) * 2001-01-05 2003-01-16 Georgia Tech Research Corporation Hybrid monolithic fuel cell
US7285350B2 (en) * 2002-09-27 2007-10-23 Questair Technologies Inc. Enhanced solid oxide fuel cell systems
RU2236069C1 (en) * 2003-06-10 2004-09-10 Мятиев Ата Атаевич Bismuth oxide based electrode-electrolyte couple, its production method, and organogel
KR20060023582A (en) * 2003-06-30 2006-03-14 가부시키가이샤 저펜에너지 Fuel cell with reformer
JP4565817B2 (en) * 2003-07-30 2010-10-20 京セラ株式会社 Fuel cell container and fuel cell
EP1702376A1 (en) * 2003-12-24 2006-09-20 Pirelli & C. S.p.A. Solid oxide fuel cell
KR100804481B1 (en) 2006-09-29 2008-02-20 한국과학기술연구원 Preparation method of copper-based cermet anode for solid oxide fuel cell
KR100815207B1 (en) * 2006-11-09 2008-03-19 김영정 Solid oxide fuel cell
WO2008076231A2 (en) * 2006-12-13 2008-06-26 Strutt Peter R Electrode assembly for a solid oxide fuel cell and method for making the same
KR20100118571A (en) * 2007-12-31 2010-11-05 코닝 인코포레이티드 Devices and methods for honeycomb continuous flow reactors
US8632924B2 (en) * 2010-10-13 2014-01-21 Korea Institute Of Ceramic Engineering & Technology Solid oxide fuel cells and manufacturing method thereof
RU2522188C1 (en) * 2013-03-26 2014-07-10 Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт высокотемпературной электрохимии Уральского отделения Российской Академии наук Double-layer supporting cathode manufacturing method for solid oxide fuel cells
RU2565600C1 (en) * 2014-04-23 2015-10-20 Акционерное общество "Научно-исследовательский институт конструкционных материалов на основе графита "НИИграфит" Heat resistant cellular structure
JP7345267B2 (en) * 2019-03-29 2023-09-15 大阪瓦斯株式会社 Electrochemical elements, electrochemical modules, electrochemical devices and energy systems

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8007954B2 (en) 2000-11-09 2011-08-30 The Trustees Of The University Of Pennsylvania Use of sulfur-containing fuels for direct oxidation fuel cells

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1999065099A2 (en) 1999-12-16
EP1095418B1 (en) 2008-07-09
MXPA00012324A (en) 2004-12-03
CA2342154C (en) 2009-04-07
US6372375B1 (en) 2002-04-16
AU5082399A (en) 1999-12-30
ATE400905T1 (en) 2008-07-15
DE69939061D1 (en) 2008-08-21
CN1308780A (en) 2001-08-15
EP1095418A2 (en) 2001-05-02
JP2002518794A (en) 2002-06-25
BR9911169A (en) 2001-10-16
RU2221315C2 (en) 2004-01-10
WO1999065099A3 (en) 2000-04-13

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