CA2316012A1 - Method of disinfecting a deionized water producing apparatus and method of producing deionized water - Google Patents
Method of disinfecting a deionized water producing apparatus and method of producing deionized water Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2316012A1 CA2316012A1 CA002316012A CA2316012A CA2316012A1 CA 2316012 A1 CA2316012 A1 CA 2316012A1 CA 002316012 A CA002316012 A CA 002316012A CA 2316012 A CA2316012 A CA 2316012A CA 2316012 A1 CA2316012 A1 CA 2316012A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- deionized water
- producing
- disinfecting
- hot water
- producing apparatus
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract 7
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 title abstract 4
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract 4
- 230000000249 desinfective effect Effects 0.000 title 1
- 238000009296 electrodeionization Methods 0.000 abstract 4
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000035755 proliferation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/42—Electrodialysis; Electro-osmosis ; Electro-ultrafiltration; Membrane capacitive deionization
- B01D61/44—Ion-selective electrodialysis
- B01D61/46—Apparatus therefor
- B01D61/48—Apparatus therefor having one or more compartments filled with ion-exchange material, e.g. electrodeionisation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/42—Electrodialysis; Electro-osmosis ; Electro-ultrafiltration; Membrane capacitive deionization
- B01D61/44—Ion-selective electrodialysis
- B01D61/52—Accessories; Auxiliary operation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/58—Multistep processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D65/00—Accessories or auxiliary operations, in general, for separation processes or apparatus using semi-permeable membranes
- B01D65/02—Membrane cleaning or sterilisation ; Membrane regeneration
- B01D65/022—Membrane sterilisation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J47/00—Ion-exchange processes in general; Apparatus therefor
- B01J47/02—Column or bed processes
- B01J47/06—Column or bed processes during which the ion-exchange material is subjected to a physical treatment, e.g. heat, electric current, irradiation or vibration
- B01J47/08—Column or bed processes during which the ion-exchange material is subjected to a physical treatment, e.g. heat, electric current, irradiation or vibration subjected to a direct electric current
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2321/00—Details relating to membrane cleaning, regeneration, sterilization or to the prevention of fouling
- B01D2321/08—Use of hot water or water vapor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
- B01D61/025—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/14—Ultrafiltration; Microfiltration
- B01D61/145—Ultrafiltration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/14—Ultrafiltration; Microfiltration
- B01D61/147—Microfiltration
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/20—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by degassing, i.e. liberation of dissolved gases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
- C02F1/32—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with ultraviolet light
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/441—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by reverse osmosis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/444—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by ultrafiltration or microfiltration
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/469—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/469—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis
- C02F1/4693—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis electrodialysis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/02—Non-contaminated water, e.g. for industrial water supply
- C02F2103/04—Non-contaminated water, e.g. for industrial water supply for obtaining ultra-pure water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/04—Disinfection
Abstract
An electrodeionization apparatus for deionized water is prevented from bacteria proliferation therein. The deionized water producing apparatus and the electrodeionization apparatus filled with ion exchangers in the diluting compartment thereof. Hot water of more than 80°C is fed into the RO apparatus and hot water of more than 60°C is fed to the electrodeionization apparatus. Hot water flowing through the electrodeionization apparatus is gradually heated at a rate of 0,1-10°C/min.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP22771499A JP3570304B2 (en) | 1999-08-11 | 1999-08-11 | Sterilization method of deionized water production apparatus and method of producing deionized water |
JPH11-227714 | 1999-08-11 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CA2316012A1 true CA2316012A1 (en) | 2001-02-11 |
CA2316012C CA2316012C (en) | 2005-04-12 |
Family
ID=16865211
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CA002316012A Expired - Fee Related CA2316012C (en) | 1999-08-11 | 2000-08-10 | Method of disinfecting a deionized water producing apparatus and method of producing deionized water |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6461512B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP3570304B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2316012C (en) |
Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2002026629A2 (en) * | 2000-09-28 | 2002-04-04 | United States Filter Corporation | Electrodeionization device and methods of use |
US6607647B2 (en) | 2001-04-25 | 2003-08-19 | United States Filter Corporation | Electrodeionization apparatus with expanded conductive mesh electrode and method |
US6649037B2 (en) | 2001-05-29 | 2003-11-18 | United States Filter Corporation | Electrodeionization apparatus and method |
US7658828B2 (en) | 2005-04-13 | 2010-02-09 | Siemens Water Technologies Holding Corp. | Regeneration of adsorption media within electrical purification apparatuses |
US7820024B2 (en) | 2006-06-23 | 2010-10-26 | Siemens Water Technologies Corp. | Electrically-driven separation apparatus |
US7846340B2 (en) | 2003-11-13 | 2010-12-07 | Siemens Water Technologies Corp. | Water treatment system and method |
US7862700B2 (en) | 2003-11-13 | 2011-01-04 | Siemens Water Technologies Holding Corp. | Water treatment system and method |
US8101058B2 (en) | 2001-10-15 | 2012-01-24 | Siemens Industry, Inc. | Apparatus for fluid purification |
US8377279B2 (en) | 2003-11-13 | 2013-02-19 | Siemens Industry, Inc. | Water treatment system and method |
US8585882B2 (en) | 2007-11-30 | 2013-11-19 | Siemens Water Technologies Llc | Systems and methods for water treatment |
US8658043B2 (en) | 2003-11-13 | 2014-02-25 | Siemens Water Technologies Llc | Water treatment system and method |
US8894834B2 (en) | 2003-11-13 | 2014-11-25 | Evoqua Water Technologies Llc | Water treatment system and method |
US9023185B2 (en) | 2006-06-22 | 2015-05-05 | Evoqua Water Technologies Llc | Low scale potential water treatment |
Families Citing this family (44)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7147785B2 (en) * | 2000-09-28 | 2006-12-12 | Usfilter Corporation | Electrodeionization device and methods of use |
JP4480251B2 (en) * | 2000-10-19 | 2010-06-16 | 日本碍子株式会社 | Disinfection of electric regenerative deionized water purifier |
US7105587B2 (en) * | 2001-03-07 | 2006-09-12 | Innovative Construction And Building Materials | Method and composition for polymer-reinforced composite cementitious construction material |
JP2003260463A (en) * | 2002-03-12 | 2003-09-16 | Kurita Water Ind Ltd | Manufacturing method of pure water |
US7501061B2 (en) * | 2002-10-23 | 2009-03-10 | Siemens Water Technologies Holding Corp. | Production of water for injection using reverse osmosis |
US20040118780A1 (en) * | 2002-12-20 | 2004-06-24 | Barnstead/Thermolyne Corporation | Water purification system and method |
JP2004216302A (en) * | 2003-01-16 | 2004-08-05 | Kurita Water Ind Ltd | Electrodeionizing apparatus and water treatment apparatus |
US6929748B2 (en) * | 2003-03-28 | 2005-08-16 | Chemitreat Pte Ltd | Apparatus and method for continuous electrodeionization |
JP5082188B2 (en) * | 2003-10-01 | 2012-11-28 | 栗田工業株式会社 | Water treatment device for fuel cell |
US7563351B2 (en) | 2003-11-13 | 2009-07-21 | Siemens Water Technologies Holding Corp. | Water treatment system and method |
WO2006038325A1 (en) * | 2004-09-30 | 2006-04-13 | Kurita Water Industries Ltd. | Water treatment apparatus for fuel cell |
JP4557686B2 (en) * | 2004-11-15 | 2010-10-06 | 株式会社東芝 | Electric desalination apparatus and desalting method |
EP1885655B1 (en) | 2005-06-01 | 2014-12-17 | Evoqua Water Technologies LLC | Water treatment process by intermittent sanitization |
JP2007075712A (en) * | 2005-09-13 | 2007-03-29 | Masayoshi Iwahara | Sterilized electrodialysis method |
US20070102357A1 (en) * | 2005-11-09 | 2007-05-10 | David Weatherill | Heat sanitization for reverse osmosis systems |
ITMI20052520A1 (en) * | 2005-12-29 | 2007-06-30 | Ansaldo Energia Spa | WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM OF AN INDUSTRIAL PLANT IN PARTICULAR OF AN ENERGY GENERATION PLANT |
NO20071748L (en) * | 2006-04-06 | 2007-10-08 | Christ Water Technology Ag | Device for continuous electrochemical desalination with integrated membrane interval. |
US8277627B2 (en) | 2006-06-13 | 2012-10-02 | Siemens Industry, Inc. | Method and system for irrigation |
US10252923B2 (en) | 2006-06-13 | 2019-04-09 | Evoqua Water Technologies Llc | Method and system for water treatment |
US10213744B2 (en) | 2006-06-13 | 2019-02-26 | Evoqua Water Technologies Llc | Method and system for water treatment |
US7744760B2 (en) | 2006-09-20 | 2010-06-29 | Siemens Water Technologies Corp. | Method and apparatus for desalination |
JP4440989B1 (en) * | 2009-06-03 | 2010-03-24 | ダイセン・メンブレン・システムズ株式会社 | Method for producing purified water |
JP5307049B2 (en) * | 2010-01-21 | 2013-10-02 | 野村マイクロ・サイエンス株式会社 | Method for producing purified water for pharmaceuticals, and apparatus for producing purified water for pharmaceuticals |
JP5459704B2 (en) * | 2010-01-25 | 2014-04-02 | 野村マイクロ・サイエンス株式会社 | Purified water production method and purified water production apparatus |
US9790109B2 (en) * | 2010-04-30 | 2017-10-17 | General Electric Company | Method for sanitizing an electrodeionization device |
JP5480063B2 (en) * | 2010-08-16 | 2014-04-23 | 野村マイクロ・サイエンス株式会社 | Pure water production method and pure water production apparatus |
JP5572563B2 (en) * | 2011-02-04 | 2014-08-13 | 三菱レイヨン株式会社 | Hot water disinfection method of nanofiltration membrane |
KR101947994B1 (en) * | 2011-05-25 | 2019-02-14 | 코웨이 주식회사 | Water treatment apparatus |
US8961770B2 (en) | 2011-10-27 | 2015-02-24 | Pentair Residential Filtration, Llc | Controller and method of operation of a capacitive deionization system |
US8671985B2 (en) | 2011-10-27 | 2014-03-18 | Pentair Residential Filtration, Llc | Control valve assembly |
US9010361B2 (en) | 2011-10-27 | 2015-04-21 | Pentair Residential Filtration, Llc | Control valve assembly |
US9637397B2 (en) | 2011-10-27 | 2017-05-02 | Pentair Residential Filtration, Llc | Ion removal using a capacitive deionization system |
US9695070B2 (en) | 2011-10-27 | 2017-07-04 | Pentair Residential Filtration, Llc | Regeneration of a capacitive deionization system |
DE102012208778A1 (en) | 2012-05-24 | 2013-11-28 | Bwt Aqua Ag | Process and plant for the treatment of water |
JP6074261B2 (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2017-02-01 | 野村マイクロ・サイエンス株式会社 | Sterilization method for pharmaceutical pure water production apparatus and pharmaceutical pure water production apparatus |
JP2014124482A (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2014-07-07 | Nomura Micro Sci Co Ltd | Method of sterilizing pure water production apparatus for pharmaceuticals and pure water production apparatus for pharmaceuticals |
JP6082247B2 (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2017-02-15 | 野村マイクロ・サイエンス株式会社 | Sterilization method for pharmaceutical pure water production apparatus and pharmaceutical pure water production apparatus |
JP6056476B2 (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2017-01-11 | 栗田工業株式会社 | Pure water production system |
US9665852B2 (en) * | 2014-05-13 | 2017-05-30 | Vws (Uk) Ltd. | Water purification unit |
JP6107987B1 (en) * | 2016-02-22 | 2017-04-05 | 栗田工業株式会社 | Cleaning method of ultrapure water production system |
JP6300988B2 (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2018-03-28 | 旭化成株式会社 | Method for operating water treatment apparatus and method for producing potable water |
AU2018321819B2 (en) | 2017-08-21 | 2024-04-04 | Evoqua Water Technologies Llc | Treatment of saline water for agricultural and potable use |
JP7011457B2 (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2022-01-26 | オルガノ株式会社 | Sterilization method for pure water production equipment |
JP7306074B2 (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2023-07-11 | 栗田工業株式会社 | Ultrapure water production device and ultrapure water production method |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4956071A (en) * | 1984-07-09 | 1990-09-11 | Millipore Corporation | Electrodeionization apparatus and module |
EP0563321B1 (en) * | 1990-12-17 | 1996-06-12 | Ionpure Technologies Corporation | Electrodeionization apparatus |
US5591344A (en) * | 1995-02-13 | 1997-01-07 | Aksys, Ltd. | Hot water disinfection of dialysis machines, including the extracorporeal circuit thereof |
JP3426072B2 (en) * | 1996-01-17 | 2003-07-14 | オルガノ株式会社 | Ultrapure water production equipment |
US5868915A (en) * | 1996-09-23 | 1999-02-09 | United States Filter Corporation | Electrodeionization apparatus and method |
-
1999
- 1999-08-11 JP JP22771499A patent/JP3570304B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2000
- 2000-08-07 US US09/633,841 patent/US6461512B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-08-10 CA CA002316012A patent/CA2316012C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2002026629A3 (en) * | 2000-09-28 | 2002-12-19 | United States Filter Corp | Electrodeionization device and methods of use |
WO2002026629A2 (en) * | 2000-09-28 | 2002-04-04 | United States Filter Corporation | Electrodeionization device and methods of use |
US6607647B2 (en) | 2001-04-25 | 2003-08-19 | United States Filter Corporation | Electrodeionization apparatus with expanded conductive mesh electrode and method |
US6649037B2 (en) | 2001-05-29 | 2003-11-18 | United States Filter Corporation | Electrodeionization apparatus and method |
US6824662B2 (en) | 2001-05-29 | 2004-11-30 | Usfilter Corporation | Electrodeionization apparatus and method |
US8101058B2 (en) | 2001-10-15 | 2012-01-24 | Siemens Industry, Inc. | Apparatus for fluid purification |
US8721862B2 (en) | 2001-10-15 | 2014-05-13 | Evoqua Water Technologies Llc | Apparatus for fluid purification and methods of manufacture and use thereof |
US8894834B2 (en) | 2003-11-13 | 2014-11-25 | Evoqua Water Technologies Llc | Water treatment system and method |
US7862700B2 (en) | 2003-11-13 | 2011-01-04 | Siemens Water Technologies Holding Corp. | Water treatment system and method |
US7846340B2 (en) | 2003-11-13 | 2010-12-07 | Siemens Water Technologies Corp. | Water treatment system and method |
US8377279B2 (en) | 2003-11-13 | 2013-02-19 | Siemens Industry, Inc. | Water treatment system and method |
US8658043B2 (en) | 2003-11-13 | 2014-02-25 | Siemens Water Technologies Llc | Water treatment system and method |
US8864971B2 (en) | 2003-11-13 | 2014-10-21 | Evoqua Water Technologies Llc | Water treatment system and method |
US7658828B2 (en) | 2005-04-13 | 2010-02-09 | Siemens Water Technologies Holding Corp. | Regeneration of adsorption media within electrical purification apparatuses |
US9023185B2 (en) | 2006-06-22 | 2015-05-05 | Evoqua Water Technologies Llc | Low scale potential water treatment |
US9586842B2 (en) | 2006-06-22 | 2017-03-07 | Evoqua Water Technologies Llc | Low scale potential water treatment |
US7820024B2 (en) | 2006-06-23 | 2010-10-26 | Siemens Water Technologies Corp. | Electrically-driven separation apparatus |
US8585882B2 (en) | 2007-11-30 | 2013-11-19 | Siemens Water Technologies Llc | Systems and methods for water treatment |
US9011660B2 (en) | 2007-11-30 | 2015-04-21 | Evoqua Water Technologies Llc | Systems and methods for water treatment |
US9637400B2 (en) | 2007-11-30 | 2017-05-02 | Evoqua Water Technologies Llc | Systems and methods for water treatment |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US6461512B1 (en) | 2002-10-08 |
JP3570304B2 (en) | 2004-09-29 |
JP2001047054A (en) | 2001-02-20 |
CA2316012C (en) | 2005-04-12 |
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