CA2308505A1 - Methods and apparatus for non-uniform rotation distortion detection in an intravascular ultrasound imaging system - Google Patents

Methods and apparatus for non-uniform rotation distortion detection in an intravascular ultrasound imaging system Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2308505A1
CA2308505A1 CA002308505A CA2308505A CA2308505A1 CA 2308505 A1 CA2308505 A1 CA 2308505A1 CA 002308505 A CA002308505 A CA 002308505A CA 2308505 A CA2308505 A CA 2308505A CA 2308505 A1 CA2308505 A1 CA 2308505A1
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Canada
Prior art keywords
transducer
successive
window
vectors
image
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Granted
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CA002308505A
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French (fr)
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CA2308505C (en
Inventor
Tat-Jin Teo
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Boston Scientific Ltd Barbados
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Individual
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Publication of CA2308505A1 publication Critical patent/CA2308505A1/en
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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/48—Diagnostic techniques
    • A61B8/481—Diagnostic techniques involving the use of contrast agent, e.g. microbubbles introduced into the bloodstream
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/12—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves in body cavities or body tracts, e.g. by using catheters
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/44—Constructional features of the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic device
    • A61B8/4444—Constructional features of the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic device related to the probe
    • A61B8/4461—Features of the scanning mechanism, e.g. for moving the transducer within the housing of the probe
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S15/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems
    • G01S15/88—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S15/89—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
    • G01S15/8906—Short-range imaging systems; Acoustic microscope systems using pulse-echo techniques
    • G01S15/8934—Short-range imaging systems; Acoustic microscope systems using pulse-echo techniques using a dynamic transducer configuration
    • G01S15/8938—Short-range imaging systems; Acoustic microscope systems using pulse-echo techniques using a dynamic transducer configuration using transducers mounted for mechanical movement in two dimensions
    • G01S15/894—Short-range imaging systems; Acoustic microscope systems using pulse-echo techniques using a dynamic transducer configuration using transducers mounted for mechanical movement in two dimensions by rotation about a single axis
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/52—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00
    • G01S7/52017—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00 particularly adapted to short-range imaging
    • G01S7/5205—Means for monitoring or calibrating

Abstract

The present invention provides a method, and apparatus for nonuniform rotation in an improved manner without using beacons which may create shadowing of tissue behind the beacons or other undesired artifacts in the image. In the specific embodiments, the present invention provides a particularly simple, and useful solution for addressing the problem of nonuniform rotation distortion in the intravascular ultrasound imaging in systems which use mechanical scanning. In the specific embodiments, the present invention utilizes correlation of received signals in, and image vector from, reverberating ultrasound in a bubbly liquid flushed catheter (13) to determine nonuniform rotation of the transducer (22) within the catheter (13). In other words, the present invention utilizes correlation of imaging vectors within a blood speckle region, gives a particular beam width of ultrasound energy from a transducer (22) to determine nonuniform rotation of the transducer (22).

Claims (21)

1. A method for detecting non-uniform rotation distortion in an intravascular ultrasound blood vessel image, said method comprising the steps of:
providing a catheter probe within a blood vessel, said catheter probe having a sheath and a transducer substantially centrally located within said sheath, wherein said transducer is mechanically controlled and said catheter probe including a bubbly liquid between said sheath and said transducer;
emitting an ultrasonic beam to produce echoes reflected from said bubbly liquid and said sheath to obtain a given image vector;
sampling said echoes in a plurality of time windows for said given image vector;
correlating said sampled echoes in said plurality of time windows to determine existence of non-uniform rotational speed of said transducer.
2. The method of claim 1 further comprising the step of quantifying the non-uniform rotational speed of said transducer to compensate therefor.
3. The method of claim 2 wherein said bubbly liquid includes micro-bubbles having a diameter from about 1-10 µm.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein a time to between a beginning of successive windows in said plurality is greater than the time t s = (2 r s)/c between said ultrasonic beam being emitted by said transducer and a first echo received by said transducer.
5. The method of claim 4 wherein a slow down in the rotational speed of said transducer has occurred if a first correlation coefficient between a first window and a second window is less than a second correlation coefficient between said second window and a third window, and an increase in the rotational speed of said transducer has occurred if the first correlation coefficient between the first window and the second window is greater than the second correlation coefficient between said second window and the third window.
6. Apparatus for detecting non-uniform rotation distortion in an intravascular ultrasound blood vessel image, said apparatus comprising:
a catheter for use within a blood vessel, said catheter including:
a sheath, a bubbly liquid within said catheter between said transducer and said sheath, and a transducer mechanically rotated within said catheter, wherein said transducer emits an ultrasonic beam and receives echoes of said ultrasonic beam from micro-bubbles in said bubbly liquid and said sheath; and an image processor capable of being coupled to said transducer, said image processor including computer-readable program code fixed on tangible computer-readable medium for storing said computer-readable program, said computer-readable medium coupled to be read by said image processor, wherein said computer-readable program code performs correlation on a plurality of segments in an image vector from said echoes ultrasonic beam to detect the non-uniformity of rotation of said transducer.
7. The apparatus of claim 6 wherein said bubbly liquid includes micro-bubbles having a diameter from about 1-10 µm.
8. The apparatus of claim 6 wherein a time t o between a beginning of successive windows in said plurality is greater than the time t s = (2 r s)/c between said ultrasonic beam being emitted by said transducer and a first echo received by said transducer.
9. The method of claim 8 wherein a slow down in the rotational speed of said transducer has occurred if a first correlation coefficient between a first window and a second window is less than a second correlation coefficient between said second window and a third window, and an increase in the rotational speed of said transducer has occurred if the first correlation coefficient between the first window and the second window is greater than the second correlation coefficient between said second window and the third window.
10. A method for detecting non-uniform rotation distortion in an intravascular ultrasound blood vessel image, said method comprising the steps of:
providing a catheter probe within a blood vessel, said catheter probe having a transducer substantially centrally located therein, wherein said transducer is mechanically controlled;
emitting a plurality of ultrasonic beams to produce echoes reflected from a blood region within said blood vessel to obtain a plurality of successive image vectors;
sampling said echoes at a predetermined range (r p) for each of said successive image vectors, wherein r p for each of said successive image vectors is located within said blood region;
obtaining correlation coefficients for said sampled echoes at r p between each of said successive image vectors to determine changes in a rotational speed of said transducer.
11. The method of claim 10 wherein said obtaining step includes determining from a decrease in correlation coefficients that said rotational speed of said transducer has increased or determining from an increase in correlation coefficients that said rotational speed of said transducer has decreased.
12. The method of claim 10 wherein said predetermined range r p is selected to lie beyond the far-field of said transducer.
13. The method of claim 11 wherein said sampling step further includes sampling said echoes at a plurality of predetermined ranges for each of said successive image vectors, wherein said predetermined range r p is one of said plurality and a second predetermined range r p2 is another one of said plurality, wherein r p2 is selected to be within said blood region at a greater distance from said transducer than said r p, and wherein said obtaining step further includes obtaining correlation coefficients for said sampled echoes at r p2.
14. The method of claim 13 wherein said predetermined range r p and said second predetermined range r p2 are each selected to lie beyond the far-field of said transducer.
15. The method of claim 14 wherein a beamwidth measured in angle of said ultrasonic beams remains constant at each of the predetermined ranges r p and r p2.
16. The method of claim 15 wherein the correlation coefficients at both r p1 and r p2 between successive vectors should be substantially the same when said successive vectors maintain about the same angular separation.
17. The method of claim 15 wherein said successive vectors have increased their angular separation when the correlation coefficients at both r p and r p2 between successive vectors respectively decrease, and wherein said successive vectors have decreased their angular separation when the correlation coefficients at both r p and r p2 between successive vectors respectively increase.
18. The method of claim 14 wherein a beamwidth measured in angle of said ultrasonic beams increases from said predetermined range r p to said second predetermined range r p2.
19. The method of claim 18 wherein said successive vectors have increased their angular separation when the correlation coefficients at both r p and r p2 between successive vectors respectively decrease, and wherein said successive vectors have decreased their angular separation when the correlation coefficients at both r p and r p2 between successive vectors respectively increase.
20. Apparatus for detecting non-uniform rotation distortion in an intravascular ultrasound blood vessel image, said apparatus comprising:
a catheter for use within a blood vessel, said catheter including:
a sheath, and a transducer mechanically rotated within said catheter, wherein said transducer emits a plurality of ultrasonic beams to produce echoes reflected from a blood region within said blood vessel to obtain a plurality of successive image vectors; and an image processor capable of being coupled to said transducer, said image processor including computer-readable program code fixed on tangible computer-readable medium for storing said computer-readable program, said computer-readable medium coupled to be read by said image processor, wherein said computer-readable program code samples said echoes at a predetermined range (r p) for each of said successive image vectors, wherein r p for each of said successive image vectors is located within said blood region, and wherein said computer-readable program code also obtains correlation coefficients for said sampled echoes at r p between each of said successive image vectors to determine changes in a rotational speed of said transducer.
21. The apparatus of claim 20 wherein said computer-readable program code determines from a decrease in correlation coefficients that said rotational speed of said transducer has increased and/or determines from an increase in correlation coefficients that said rotational speed of said transducer has decreased.
CA2308505A 1997-11-25 1998-11-24 Methods and apparatus for non-uniform rotation distortion detection in an intravascular ultrasound imaging system Expired - Fee Related CA2308505C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US08/977,543 1997-11-25
US08/977,543 US5921934A (en) 1997-11-25 1997-11-25 Methods and apparatus for non-uniform rotation distortion detection in an intravascular ultrasound imaging system
PCT/IB1998/002126 WO1999026541A1 (en) 1997-11-25 1998-11-24 Methods and apparatus for non-uniform rotation distorsion detection in an intravascular ultrasound imaging system

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2308505A1 true CA2308505A1 (en) 1999-06-03
CA2308505C CA2308505C (en) 2011-08-02

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US (3) US5921934A (en)
EP (1) EP1033937B1 (en)
JP (2) JP4307711B2 (en)
AU (1) AU1573699A (en)
CA (1) CA2308505C (en)
DE (1) DE69831418T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2246544T3 (en)
WO (1) WO1999026541A1 (en)

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