CA2298696A1 - Electrical ptc heating device - Google Patents
Electrical ptc heating device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2298696A1 CA2298696A1 CA002298696A CA2298696A CA2298696A1 CA 2298696 A1 CA2298696 A1 CA 2298696A1 CA 002298696 A CA002298696 A CA 002298696A CA 2298696 A CA2298696 A CA 2298696A CA 2298696 A1 CA2298696 A1 CA 2298696A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- heating element
- heating device
- electrical
- contact surfaces
- electrically
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229910000967 As alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/10—Heater elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
- H05B3/12—Heater elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
- H05B3/14—Heater elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
- H05B3/42—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible
- H05B3/48—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material
- H05B3/50—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material heating conductor arranged in metal tubes, the radiating surface having heat-conducting fins
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/02—Heaters using heating elements having a positive temperature coefficient
Abstract
An electrical heating device (10) employing positive temperature coefficient (PTC) thermistors (11) as heating elements, which provides direct contact between the thermistor heating elements (11) and the radiation units (20) on both sides with no intervening members and which also provides the electrical current to the heating elements via the radiation units.
Description
Electrical PTC Heating Device FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to electrical heating devices, particularly those employing thermistors with positive temperature coefficient of resistance (PTC) as heating elements.
Positive temperature coefficient (PTC) heating elements, such as thermistors, are used in electrical heating devices, such as electrical radiators, electrical heating fans, and air conditioner heaters. They have an advantage over electric wire heaters in that they are self regulating as to temperature and thus are not subject to overheating even in response to abnormal electric currents. In many prior art applications employing PTC
thermistor heating elements, heat is extracted from the device by air flow through the device, including the heating elements and radiating elements, such as radiating fins. The direct exposure of the PTC elements to the air flow fed to the heating device, however, also exposes these elements to dust, which causes deterioration of their heating ability and efficiency. A further disadvantage of direct exposure of the PTC elements to air flow is the temperature variation between the leeward and windward sides, which reduces heating efficiency and generating power due to the "pinch eifiect" (current displacement).
U.S. Patent number 4,954,692 discloses a heating device employing PTC
thermistor heating elements placed in a locating frame made of electric insulating material and located between two radiators provided with flanges which enclose the heating elements, thereby protecting them from direct exposure to air flow. The PTC thermistor heating elements are separated from at least one of the radiators by a plate that is both electrically insulating and heat conducting. Electrical contact with the PTC thermistor is provided by a metallic plate installed between the heating elements and an electric insulating plate. Among the disadvantages of the device disclosed is the requirement of two additional plates between the heating elements and one of the radiators, thereby reducing the efficiency of heat *rB
transfer from the heating elements to the radiators and making the device more complicated and more expensive. The requirement of a plate that is both electrically insulating and heat conducting is a further complication and expense.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention seeks to provide an electrical heating device employing positive temperature coefficient (PTC) thermistors as heating elements, which overcomes disadvantages of known art by providing direct contact between the thermistor heating elements and the radiation units on both sides with no intervening members and by also providing the electrical current to the heating elements via the radiation units. These features allow a heating device with a minimal number of components and a simpler design in comparison with known art.
There is thus provided, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention, an electrical heating device employing one or more positive temperature coefficient (PTC) thermistors as heating elements. These heating elements are in direct thermal and electrical contact on opposing sides, which are coated with a conductive metal such as aluminum, with heat radiation units which include cooling fins for heat transfer and electrodes to supply electrical current. The heating elements are positioned by an electrically and thermally insulating frame which serves, together with the radiation units, to fully enclose the heating elements, thereby protecting them from exposure to air or gas flow, and, hence, from the known "pinch effect." The heating elements are further held in place and in good thermal and electrical contact with the heat radiation units by mechanical pressure or by a thermally and electrically conductive adhesive.
The present invention relates to electrical heating devices, particularly those employing thermistors with positive temperature coefficient of resistance (PTC) as heating elements.
Positive temperature coefficient (PTC) heating elements, such as thermistors, are used in electrical heating devices, such as electrical radiators, electrical heating fans, and air conditioner heaters. They have an advantage over electric wire heaters in that they are self regulating as to temperature and thus are not subject to overheating even in response to abnormal electric currents. In many prior art applications employing PTC
thermistor heating elements, heat is extracted from the device by air flow through the device, including the heating elements and radiating elements, such as radiating fins. The direct exposure of the PTC elements to the air flow fed to the heating device, however, also exposes these elements to dust, which causes deterioration of their heating ability and efficiency. A further disadvantage of direct exposure of the PTC elements to air flow is the temperature variation between the leeward and windward sides, which reduces heating efficiency and generating power due to the "pinch eifiect" (current displacement).
U.S. Patent number 4,954,692 discloses a heating device employing PTC
thermistor heating elements placed in a locating frame made of electric insulating material and located between two radiators provided with flanges which enclose the heating elements, thereby protecting them from direct exposure to air flow. The PTC thermistor heating elements are separated from at least one of the radiators by a plate that is both electrically insulating and heat conducting. Electrical contact with the PTC thermistor is provided by a metallic plate installed between the heating elements and an electric insulating plate. Among the disadvantages of the device disclosed is the requirement of two additional plates between the heating elements and one of the radiators, thereby reducing the efficiency of heat *rB
transfer from the heating elements to the radiators and making the device more complicated and more expensive. The requirement of a plate that is both electrically insulating and heat conducting is a further complication and expense.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention seeks to provide an electrical heating device employing positive temperature coefficient (PTC) thermistors as heating elements, which overcomes disadvantages of known art by providing direct contact between the thermistor heating elements and the radiation units on both sides with no intervening members and by also providing the electrical current to the heating elements via the radiation units. These features allow a heating device with a minimal number of components and a simpler design in comparison with known art.
There is thus provided, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention, an electrical heating device employing one or more positive temperature coefficient (PTC) thermistors as heating elements. These heating elements are in direct thermal and electrical contact on opposing sides, which are coated with a conductive metal such as aluminum, with heat radiation units which include cooling fins for heat transfer and electrodes to supply electrical current. The heating elements are positioned by an electrically and thermally insulating frame which serves, together with the radiation units, to fully enclose the heating elements, thereby protecting them from exposure to air or gas flow, and, hence, from the known "pinch effect." The heating elements are further held in place and in good thermal and electrical contact with the heat radiation units by mechanical pressure or by a thermally and electrically conductive adhesive.
2 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The present invention will be more fully understood and appreciated from the following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the drawings, in which:
Figure lA is a schematic side-sectional view of an electrical heating device constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Figures 1B and 1C are cross-sectional views of the electrical heating device of Figure 1 A, taken along lines R-R and S-S therein, respectively;
Figure 2A is a partial side-sectional view of the electrical heating device of Figure lA, taken along line Q-Q therein, showing a pictorial representation of the positioning frame of the electrical heating device;
Figure 2B is a side-sectional view of the positioning frame of Figure 2A, taken along line T-T therein; and Figure 3 is a front view of the electrical heating device of Figure 1 A, taken in the direction of arrow P therein.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Referring now to Figures lA through 3, there is shown an electrical heating device referred to generally as 10, constructed in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Electrical heating device 10 has an array of one or more heating elements 11 which are positive temperature coefficient (PTC) thermistors. They are fabricated with preferably parallel, generally flat, surfaces on opposing faces 22, which are coated with a conductive metal such as aluminum, to serve as thermal and electrical contact surfaces. On opposing sides of heating elements 11 are heat radiator units, referred to generally as 20, each of which includes a plate 12 and cooling fins 13 extending generally transversely therefrom. Radiator units 20 are made of material that is a good thermal and electrical conductor, such as aluminum. The plates 12 of the radiator units 20 are fabricated with flat inward-facing surfaces 24 to serve as thermal and electrical contact surfaces.
The plates 12 are positioned so that the inward-facing contact surfaces are generally parallel to and in touching contact with the outward-facing contact surfaces of the heating elements 11 so as
The present invention will be more fully understood and appreciated from the following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the drawings, in which:
Figure lA is a schematic side-sectional view of an electrical heating device constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Figures 1B and 1C are cross-sectional views of the electrical heating device of Figure 1 A, taken along lines R-R and S-S therein, respectively;
Figure 2A is a partial side-sectional view of the electrical heating device of Figure lA, taken along line Q-Q therein, showing a pictorial representation of the positioning frame of the electrical heating device;
Figure 2B is a side-sectional view of the positioning frame of Figure 2A, taken along line T-T therein; and Figure 3 is a front view of the electrical heating device of Figure 1 A, taken in the direction of arrow P therein.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Referring now to Figures lA through 3, there is shown an electrical heating device referred to generally as 10, constructed in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Electrical heating device 10 has an array of one or more heating elements 11 which are positive temperature coefficient (PTC) thermistors. They are fabricated with preferably parallel, generally flat, surfaces on opposing faces 22, which are coated with a conductive metal such as aluminum, to serve as thermal and electrical contact surfaces. On opposing sides of heating elements 11 are heat radiator units, referred to generally as 20, each of which includes a plate 12 and cooling fins 13 extending generally transversely therefrom. Radiator units 20 are made of material that is a good thermal and electrical conductor, such as aluminum. The plates 12 of the radiator units 20 are fabricated with flat inward-facing surfaces 24 to serve as thermal and electrical contact surfaces.
The plates 12 are positioned so that the inward-facing contact surfaces are generally parallel to and in touching contact with the outward-facing contact surfaces of the heating elements 11 so as
3
4 PCT/IL98/00355 to define thermal and electrical interfaces therewith. The conduction across the interfaces may optionally be improved by the use of a thermally and electrically conductive adhesive, such as Ceramabond~'~'' TM5526, a high-temperature adhesive produced by Aremco Products, Inc. of Ossining, New York 10562, U.S.A., thereat. Attached to the plates 12 are electrodes 14 which allow the heating device 10 to be connected to an electrical circuit The direct application of electrical current to the thermistor heating elements 11 via the electrodes 14 and the plates 12 serves, inter alia, to minimize the number of components in the present invention, thereby simplifying its design.
The thermistor heating elements 11 convert electrical energy applied thereto to thermal energy. The thermal energy is, in turn, conducted from the heating elements 11 to the cooling fins 13 via the thermal interfaces and the plates 12. Air or other gas flow over the cooling fins 13 removes the heat from the device. As will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art, the direct contact between the heating elements 11 and the radiator units 20 has the advantage of allowing the heat to be transferred with great efficiency. This further simplifies the design of the device.
As seen particularly in Figure 2A, which is a partial side-sectional view of Figure 1 A, taken along line Q-Q therein, the heating elements 11, shown in Figure 2A
in broken lines, are positioned by an electrically insulating frame 15 which includes longitudinal flanges 16A extending transversely therefrom on both sides of heating elements 11 and end pieces 16B. In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the heating device 10 has a plurality of thermistor heating elements 11 arranged in an array wherein they are preferably spaced evenly and are prevented from touching one another by electrically insulating spacers 17 mounted in flanges 16A along the Length of the heating device 10. In the present embodiment, spacers 17 are provided by protrusions extending generally inwardly from flanges 16A. As seen in both Figures 2A and 2B, pins 19 are provided which position plates 12 of radiator units 20 by engaging holes 18 therein (Figure 3). Plates 12 of radiator units 20 may be fastened to pins 19 and positioning frame I S by any suitable means, such as alloy welding or threaded screws or nuts. A side view of plates 12 engaging pins 19 is shown in Figure lA.
It can be seen from Figure 2A that flanges 16A and end pieces 16B of positioning frame 15 surround the array of heating elements 11 on four sides. It can further be seen from the side-sectional view in Figure 2B that positioning frame 15 has sufficient depth to enclose heating elements 11. Referring again to Figure 1 A, the top flange 16A
of positioning frame 15, shown partially cut away, can be seen to enclose the array of heating elements 11 from above, as drawn, and plates 12 of radiator units 20 can be seen to enclose heating elements 11 on both sides longitudinally, as drawn. The total enclosure of the array of heating elements 11 and the space containing it can be further seen in Figures 1B and 1C.
Figure 1B is a side-sectional view of the electrical heating device of Figure 1 A, taken along line R-R therein, which cuts the device through one of the thermistor heating elements 11.
Figure 1 C is a cross-sectional view of the electrical heating device of Figure I A, taken along line S-S therein, which cuts the device through a pair of spacers 17. In these cross-sectional views, the array of heating elements 11 is seen to be completely enclosed by frame 1 S and radiator unit plates 12, thereby preventing heating elements 11 from being exposed to any cooling air or gas flow, so as to protect them from the known "pinch ei~'ect."
Refernng now to Figure 3, there is shown a front view of an electrical heating device constructed in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. In this view is shown one of the radiator units with its plate 12 and fins 13.
Plate 12 has holes 18 to engage the pins 19 of positioning frame I 5 (Figure 2A).
It will further be appreciated, by persons skilled in the art that the scope of the present invention is not limited by what has been specifically shown and described hereinabove, merely by way of example. Rather, the scope of the present invention is defined solely by the claims, which follow.
The thermistor heating elements 11 convert electrical energy applied thereto to thermal energy. The thermal energy is, in turn, conducted from the heating elements 11 to the cooling fins 13 via the thermal interfaces and the plates 12. Air or other gas flow over the cooling fins 13 removes the heat from the device. As will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art, the direct contact between the heating elements 11 and the radiator units 20 has the advantage of allowing the heat to be transferred with great efficiency. This further simplifies the design of the device.
As seen particularly in Figure 2A, which is a partial side-sectional view of Figure 1 A, taken along line Q-Q therein, the heating elements 11, shown in Figure 2A
in broken lines, are positioned by an electrically insulating frame 15 which includes longitudinal flanges 16A extending transversely therefrom on both sides of heating elements 11 and end pieces 16B. In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the heating device 10 has a plurality of thermistor heating elements 11 arranged in an array wherein they are preferably spaced evenly and are prevented from touching one another by electrically insulating spacers 17 mounted in flanges 16A along the Length of the heating device 10. In the present embodiment, spacers 17 are provided by protrusions extending generally inwardly from flanges 16A. As seen in both Figures 2A and 2B, pins 19 are provided which position plates 12 of radiator units 20 by engaging holes 18 therein (Figure 3). Plates 12 of radiator units 20 may be fastened to pins 19 and positioning frame I S by any suitable means, such as alloy welding or threaded screws or nuts. A side view of plates 12 engaging pins 19 is shown in Figure lA.
It can be seen from Figure 2A that flanges 16A and end pieces 16B of positioning frame 15 surround the array of heating elements 11 on four sides. It can further be seen from the side-sectional view in Figure 2B that positioning frame 15 has sufficient depth to enclose heating elements 11. Referring again to Figure 1 A, the top flange 16A
of positioning frame 15, shown partially cut away, can be seen to enclose the array of heating elements 11 from above, as drawn, and plates 12 of radiator units 20 can be seen to enclose heating elements 11 on both sides longitudinally, as drawn. The total enclosure of the array of heating elements 11 and the space containing it can be further seen in Figures 1B and 1C.
Figure 1B is a side-sectional view of the electrical heating device of Figure 1 A, taken along line R-R therein, which cuts the device through one of the thermistor heating elements 11.
Figure 1 C is a cross-sectional view of the electrical heating device of Figure I A, taken along line S-S therein, which cuts the device through a pair of spacers 17. In these cross-sectional views, the array of heating elements 11 is seen to be completely enclosed by frame 1 S and radiator unit plates 12, thereby preventing heating elements 11 from being exposed to any cooling air or gas flow, so as to protect them from the known "pinch ei~'ect."
Refernng now to Figure 3, there is shown a front view of an electrical heating device constructed in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. In this view is shown one of the radiator units with its plate 12 and fins 13.
Plate 12 has holes 18 to engage the pins 19 of positioning frame I 5 (Figure 2A).
It will further be appreciated, by persons skilled in the art that the scope of the present invention is not limited by what has been specifically shown and described hereinabove, merely by way of example. Rather, the scope of the present invention is defined solely by the claims, which follow.
Claims (6)
1. An electrical heating device comprising:
at least one positive temperature coefficient (PTC) thermistor heating element having generally parallel, flat, contact surfaces;
a pair of heat radiation members formed of an electrically and thermally conductive material, each comprising:
a plate portion having a generally flat, inward-facing, contact surface for electrically and thermally conductive contact with said contact surfaces of said at least one heating element and generally outwardly extending cooling fins formed on said plate portion;
means for fastening said heat radiation members about said at least one heating element such that said flat contact surfaces are held in electrically and thermally conductive contact with said inward-facing contact surfaces thereby to define therewith interfaces;
enclosing means formed of an electrically and thermally insulating material and formed for positioning around said at least one heating element and between said plate portions of said heat radiation members so as to prevent a flow of gas from coming into contact with said at least one heating element; and electrode means attached to said heat radiation members, operative to permit flow of electric current therethrough, across said interfaces, and via said at least one heating element, thereby producing thermal energy therein;
wherein, when an electrical current passes through said electrical heating device, thermal energy from said at least one heating element is conducted across said interfaces to said heat radiation members.
at least one positive temperature coefficient (PTC) thermistor heating element having generally parallel, flat, contact surfaces;
a pair of heat radiation members formed of an electrically and thermally conductive material, each comprising:
a plate portion having a generally flat, inward-facing, contact surface for electrically and thermally conductive contact with said contact surfaces of said at least one heating element and generally outwardly extending cooling fins formed on said plate portion;
means for fastening said heat radiation members about said at least one heating element such that said flat contact surfaces are held in electrically and thermally conductive contact with said inward-facing contact surfaces thereby to define therewith interfaces;
enclosing means formed of an electrically and thermally insulating material and formed for positioning around said at least one heating element and between said plate portions of said heat radiation members so as to prevent a flow of gas from coming into contact with said at least one heating element; and electrode means attached to said heat radiation members, operative to permit flow of electric current therethrough, across said interfaces, and via said at least one heating element, thereby producing thermal energy therein;
wherein, when an electrical current passes through said electrical heating device, thermal energy from said at least one heating element is conducted across said interfaces to said heat radiation members.
2. An electrical heating device according to claim 1 wherein said contact surfaces of said at least one heating element are coated with a thermally and electrically conductive metal.
3. An electrical heating device according to claim 1 wherein said means for fastening comprises compression means.
4. An electrical heating device according to claim 1 wherein said means for fastening comprises an adhesive which is electrically and thermally conductive applied to said contact surfaces of said at least one heating element and said inward-facing contact surfaces of said radiator plates.
5. An electrical heating device according to claim 1 wherein said enclosing means comprises a positioning frame and a pair of flanges.
6. An electrical heating device according to claim 1 wherein said at least one heating element comprises at least two heating elements and said enclosing means comprises a positioning frame, a pair of flanges, and spacing members operative to position said at least two heating elements so as to prevent touching contact therebetween.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IL121448 | 1997-08-01 | ||
| IL12144897A IL121448A (en) | 1997-08-01 | 1997-08-01 | Electrical ptc heating device |
| PCT/IL1998/000355 WO1999007184A2 (en) | 1997-08-01 | 1998-07-30 | Electrical ptc heating device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2298696A1 true CA2298696A1 (en) | 1999-02-11 |
Family
ID=11070455
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002298696A Abandoned CA2298696A1 (en) | 1997-08-01 | 1998-07-30 | Electrical ptc heating device |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5889260A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0895440A3 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2001512885A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1273017A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU735612B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2298696A1 (en) |
| IL (1) | IL121448A (en) |
| PL (1) | PL338601A1 (en) |
| TR (1) | TR200000293T2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1999007184A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6180930B1 (en) * | 1999-12-29 | 2001-01-30 | Chia-Hsiung Wu | Heater with enclosing envelope |
| DE10017816C2 (en) * | 2000-04-10 | 2002-11-14 | Vontana Ind Gmbh & Co Kg | Heating device with electric heating elements for water beds |
| US20040030327A1 (en) * | 2000-09-12 | 2004-02-12 | Gady Golan | Surgical cauterizing instrument particularly useful as a cauterizing scalpel |
| ATE458378T1 (en) * | 2001-12-06 | 2010-03-15 | Eberspaecher Catem Gmbh & Co K | ELECTRIC HEATING DEVICE |
| DE20121116U1 (en) * | 2001-12-21 | 2003-04-24 | Eichenauer Gmbh & Co Kg F | Electric heating device for heating a liquid in a motor vehicle |
| EP1768457B1 (en) * | 2005-09-23 | 2008-05-14 | Catem GmbH & Co.KG | Heat generating element of a heating device |
| DE102007023417A1 (en) * | 2007-05-18 | 2008-11-20 | Daimler Ag | Heating device for condensate drain |
| EP2326229B1 (en) * | 2008-07-21 | 2018-03-28 | LG Electronics Inc. | A steam head for cleaner |
| ITPD20090030A1 (en) * | 2009-02-26 | 2010-08-27 | Areva T & D Italy S P A | HEATING STRUCTURE PARTICULARLY FOR WELDING BOXES FOR MANUAL OPERATING MECHANISMS OF MANEUVERING SHAFTS OF ELECTRICAL AND SIMILAR SAW BLADES |
| US20100322600A1 (en) * | 2009-06-19 | 2010-12-23 | Thomas Edward Kilburn | Cartridge heat exchanger |
| CN102387615A (en) * | 2010-09-06 | 2012-03-21 | 黑龙江捷迅自动化设备有限公司 | Semiconductor high-power cabin heating device |
| DE102011081831A1 (en) * | 2011-08-30 | 2013-02-28 | Webasto Ag | Electric heating unit, heating apparatus for a vehicle and method of manufacturing a heating unit |
| CN103096535A (en) * | 2011-11-08 | 2013-05-08 | 上海华族实业有限公司 | Polymeric positive temperature coefficient (PTC) electric heater with flangings fixed with heat dissipation strips in clamping mode |
| CN103517469B (en) * | 2012-06-27 | 2015-03-04 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | PTC electrical heating element, electric heater unit and electric car |
| US8934764B2 (en) * | 2012-11-05 | 2015-01-13 | Betacera Inc. | Electrical heating device and equipment with pluggable heating module |
| CN103997802B (en) | 2013-02-04 | 2018-03-02 | 博格华纳贝鲁系统股份有限公司 | heating rod |
Family Cites Families (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0262243B1 (en) * | 1986-10-01 | 1991-02-20 | David & Baader DBK Spezialfabrik elektrischer Apparate und Heizwiderstände GmbH | Ptc-heating resistor |
| JPH0734390B2 (en) * | 1987-09-11 | 1995-04-12 | 株式会社村田製作所 | PTC thermistor device |
| JP2556877B2 (en) * | 1988-03-10 | 1996-11-27 | 株式会社村田製作所 | PTC thermistor device |
| DE3869773C5 (en) * | 1988-07-15 | 2010-06-24 | Dbk David + Baader Gmbh | Radiator. |
| JPH0810643B2 (en) * | 1989-01-19 | 1996-01-31 | 株式会社亜土電子工業 | Manufacturing method of positive temperature coefficient thermistor |
| DE3902206A1 (en) * | 1989-01-26 | 1990-08-02 | Eichenauer Gmbh & Co Kg F | DEVICE FOR HEATING GASES |
| US5198640A (en) * | 1991-05-28 | 1993-03-30 | Yang Chiung Hsiang | Fully clad electric ptc heater with a finned protective casing |
| US5326418A (en) * | 1992-04-14 | 1994-07-05 | Yeh Yuan Chang | Method of making positive-temperature-coefficient thermistor heating element |
| DE69320098T2 (en) * | 1992-05-15 | 1999-04-01 | Denso Corp | PTC thermistor for heaters and manufacturing processes |
| US5471034A (en) * | 1993-03-17 | 1995-11-28 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Heater apparatus and process for heating a fluid stream with PTC heating elements electrically connected in series |
| US5377298A (en) * | 1993-04-21 | 1994-12-27 | Yang; Chiung-Hsiang | Cassette PTC semiconductor heating apparatus |
| JP3004578B2 (en) * | 1995-05-12 | 2000-01-31 | 財団法人工業技術研究院 | Integrated Circuit Package Consisting of Multi-Heat Conductors for Enhanced Heat Dissipation and Caps Around the Edge for Improved Package Integrity and Reliability |
-
1997
- 1997-08-01 IL IL12144897A patent/IL121448A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-11-24 US US08/976,594 patent/US5889260A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-11-25 EP EP97309478A patent/EP0895440A3/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1998
- 1998-07-30 CA CA002298696A patent/CA2298696A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-07-30 JP JP2000505771A patent/JP2001512885A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1998-07-30 PL PL98338601A patent/PL338601A1/en unknown
- 1998-07-30 AU AU85581/98A patent/AU735612B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1998-07-30 CN CN98807840.6A patent/CN1273017A/en active Pending
- 1998-07-30 WO PCT/IL1998/000355 patent/WO1999007184A2/en active IP Right Grant
- 1998-07-30 TR TR2000/00293T patent/TR200000293T2/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IL121448A (en) | 2001-04-30 |
| US5889260A (en) | 1999-03-30 |
| EP0895440A2 (en) | 1999-02-03 |
| EP0895440A3 (en) | 1999-05-19 |
| CN1273017A (en) | 2000-11-08 |
| WO1999007184A2 (en) | 1999-02-11 |
| AU735612B2 (en) | 2001-07-12 |
| WO1999007184A3 (en) | 1999-04-22 |
| PL338601A1 (en) | 2000-11-06 |
| IL121448A0 (en) | 1998-02-08 |
| AU8558198A (en) | 1999-02-22 |
| TR200000293T2 (en) | 2000-05-22 |
| JP2001512885A (en) | 2001-08-28 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Discontinued |