CA2260119A1 - Amplified sensor arrays - Google Patents

Amplified sensor arrays

Info

Publication number
CA2260119A1
CA2260119A1 CA002260119A CA2260119A CA2260119A1 CA 2260119 A1 CA2260119 A1 CA 2260119A1 CA 002260119 A CA002260119 A CA 002260119A CA 2260119 A CA2260119 A CA 2260119A CA 2260119 A1 CA2260119 A1 CA 2260119A1
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
amplifiers
distribution
coupler
buses
return
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CA002260119A
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
CA2260119C (en
Inventor
Craig W. Hodgson
Jefferson L. Wagener
Michel J. F. Digonnet
H. John Shaw
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Leland Stanford Junior University
Original Assignee
Craig W. Hodgson
Jefferson L. Wagener
Michel J. F. Digonnet
H. John Shaw
The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Craig W. Hodgson, Jefferson L. Wagener, Michel J. F. Digonnet, H. John Shaw, The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University filed Critical Craig W. Hodgson
Publication of CA2260119A1 publication Critical patent/CA2260119A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA2260119C publication Critical patent/CA2260119C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J5/00—Details relating to vessels or to leading-in conductors common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J5/02—Vessels; Containers; Shields associated therewith; Vacuum locks
    • H01J5/16—Optical or photographic arrangements structurally combined with the vessel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/29—Repeaters
    • H04B10/291—Repeaters in which processing or amplification is carried out without conversion of the main signal from optical form
    • H04B10/293—Signal power control
    • H04B10/2933—Signal power control considering the whole optical path
    • H04B10/2939—Network aspects
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
    • G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
    • G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
    • G01D5/353—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
    • G01D5/35383—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre using multiple sensor devices using multiplexing techniques
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
    • G01H9/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means
    • G01H9/004—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means using fibre optic sensors

Abstract

The present invention significantly improves the signal to noise ratio (SNR) in a passive optical array comprising sensors (110) located in rungs between a distribution bus (100) and a return bus (120).
Erbium-doped optical fiber amplifiers (130, 132) are included in the buses proximate to each rung coupling to offset the coupler splitting losses. The gains of the amplifiers are selected to offset losses due to the couplings. The overall SNR can be maintained without significant degradation even for large numbers of sensors. In one aspect of the present invention, the amplifiers are located along the distribution and return buses directly after the couplers (140, 142), except for the last coupler. In a second aspect, the amplifiers are located directly before each coupler. The optical amplifiers preferably are made of short lengths of erbium-doped fiber spliced into the distribution and return buses.
CA002260119A 1996-07-12 1997-07-10 Amplified sensor arrays Expired - Lifetime CA2260119C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (9)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US2169996P 1996-07-12 1996-07-12
US60/021,699 1996-07-12
US3480497P 1997-01-02 1997-01-02
US60/034,804 1997-01-02
US3611497P 1997-01-17 1997-01-17
US60/036,114 1997-01-17
US08/814,548 US5866898A (en) 1996-07-12 1997-03-11 Time domain multiplexed amplified sensor array with improved signal to noise ratios
US08/814,548 1997-03-11
PCT/US1997/011906 WO1998002898A1 (en) 1996-07-12 1997-07-10 Amplified sensor arrays

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2260119A1 true CA2260119A1 (en) 1998-01-22
CA2260119C CA2260119C (en) 2006-05-30

Family

ID=27487031

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA002260119A Expired - Lifetime CA2260119C (en) 1996-07-12 1997-07-10 Amplified sensor arrays

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (4) US5866898A (en)
EP (1) EP0910863B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4112012B2 (en)
KR (1) KR100471336B1 (en)
AU (1) AU717505B2 (en)
CA (1) CA2260119C (en)
DE (1) DE69725145T2 (en)
IL (1) IL128004A (en)
NO (1) NO317569B1 (en)
TW (1) TW383523B (en)
WO (1) WO1998002898A1 (en)

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US5866898A (en) 1996-07-12 1999-02-02 The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University Time domain multiplexed amplified sensor array with improved signal to noise ratios
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US6034924A (en) * 1998-04-03 2000-03-07 The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior Univerisity Folded sagnac sensor array
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US6711359B1 (en) * 1999-03-10 2004-03-23 Tyco Telecommunications (Us) Inc. Optical fiber communication system employing doped optical fiber and Raman amplification
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US6282334B1 (en) * 1999-05-13 2001-08-28 Litton Systems, Inc. Large scale WDM/TDM sensor array employing erbium-doped fiber amplifiers
US6728165B1 (en) 1999-10-29 2004-04-27 Litton Systems, Inc. Acoustic sensing system for downhole seismic applications utilizing an array of fiber optic sensors
CA2320453A1 (en) * 1999-10-29 2001-04-29 Litton Systems, Inc. Acoustic sensing system for downhole seismic applications utilizing an array of fiber optic sensors
US6724319B1 (en) 1999-10-29 2004-04-20 Litton Systems, Inc. Acoustic sensing system for downhole seismic applications utilizing an array of fiber optic sensors
US6269198B1 (en) 1999-10-29 2001-07-31 Litton Systems, Inc. Acoustic sensing system for downhole seismic applications utilizing an array of fiber optic sensors
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US20030035205A1 (en) * 2001-08-20 2003-02-20 Zisk Edward J. Fiber optic sensor signal amplifier
US6771865B2 (en) * 2002-03-20 2004-08-03 Corning Incorporated Low bend loss optical fiber and components made therefrom
US7085497B2 (en) * 2002-04-03 2006-08-01 Lockheed Martin Corporation Vehicular communication system
FR2839796B1 (en) * 2002-05-15 2004-11-26 Ermme SYNCHRONOUS MULTI-CHANNEL ACQUISITION SYSTEM FOR MEASURING PHYSICAL QUANTITIES, ACQUISITION MODULE USED AND METHOD IMPLEMENTED IN SUCH A SYSTEM
US6995899B2 (en) * 2002-06-27 2006-02-07 Baker Hughes Incorporated Fiber optic amplifier for oilfield applications
US6850461B2 (en) * 2002-07-18 2005-02-01 Pgs Americas, Inc. Fiber-optic seismic array telemetry, system, and method
GB2417627B (en) * 2002-07-18 2006-07-19 Pgs Americas Inc Fiber-optic seismic array telemetry system, and method
US20040046109A1 (en) * 2002-09-05 2004-03-11 Chen Peter C. Method and apparatus for high speed interrogation of fiber optic detector arrays
US20040076434A1 (en) * 2002-09-27 2004-04-22 Whittaker G. Allan Optical distribution network for RF and other analog signals
WO2004093351A2 (en) * 2003-03-31 2004-10-28 Lockheed Martin Corporation Optical network interface systems and devices
US7379236B2 (en) * 2003-07-04 2008-05-27 Nippon Telegraph And Telephone Corporation Optical fiber communication system using remote pumping
US6827597B1 (en) 2003-11-20 2004-12-07 Pgs Americas, Inc. Combined electrical and optical cable connector particularly suited for marine seismic sensor streamers
DE102004047745A1 (en) * 2004-09-30 2006-04-27 Siemens Ag Determination of amplified spontaneous emission in an optical fiber amplifier
JP4290128B2 (en) * 2005-02-25 2009-07-01 キヤノン株式会社 Sensor
US7310464B2 (en) * 2005-06-21 2007-12-18 Litton Systems, Inc. Multi-wavelength optical source
FR2889305B1 (en) * 2005-07-28 2007-10-19 Sercel Sa FIBER OPTIC INTERFEROMETER NETWORK
GB0606010D0 (en) * 2006-03-25 2006-05-03 Qinetiq Ltd Fibre-Optic Sensor Array
GB2449941B (en) * 2007-06-08 2011-11-02 Stingray Geophysical Ltd Seismic cable structure
JP4724798B2 (en) * 2007-06-25 2011-07-13 独立行政法人海洋研究開発機構 Optical fiber wide area sensor system
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US9234790B2 (en) 2012-03-19 2016-01-12 The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University Apparatus and methods utilizing optical sensors operating in the reflection mode
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US20180045542A1 (en) * 2015-06-22 2018-02-15 Omnisens Sa A method for reducing noise in measurements taken by a distributed sensor
CN105258781B (en) * 2015-09-24 2018-11-16 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 A kind of fiber-optic vibration detection system and fiber-optic vibration detection method
KR102271034B1 (en) * 2016-03-10 2021-07-02 한국전자통신연구원 Laser radar system
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WO2021001710A1 (en) * 2019-07-02 2021-01-07 Technology Innovation Momentum Fund (Israel) Limited Partnership Interrogation of arrays of equally spaced weak reflectors in optical fibers
CN111044138A (en) * 2019-12-26 2020-04-21 北京航天控制仪器研究所 Time-division wavelength-division hybrid multiplexing array system of fiber laser hydrophone
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR100471336B1 (en) 2005-03-07
US5866898A (en) 1999-02-02
CA2260119C (en) 2006-05-30
AU717505B2 (en) 2000-03-30
US6365891B1 (en) 2002-04-02
JP2002509606A (en) 2002-03-26
AU3795397A (en) 1998-02-09
EP0910863A1 (en) 1999-04-28
US6040571A (en) 2000-03-21
EP0910863B1 (en) 2003-09-24
IL128004A (en) 2002-04-21
IL128004A0 (en) 1999-11-30
JP4112012B2 (en) 2008-07-02
EP0910863A4 (en) 2001-01-17
NO317569B1 (en) 2004-11-15
NO990103D0 (en) 1999-01-11
US6084233A (en) 2000-07-04
DE69725145D1 (en) 2003-10-30
NO990103L (en) 1999-03-09
WO1998002898A1 (en) 1998-01-22
TW383523B (en) 2000-03-01
DE69725145T2 (en) 2004-08-05
KR20000023748A (en) 2000-04-25

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Effective date: 20170710