CA2248499C - Method for producing metal-plastic connecting elements - Google Patents
Method for producing metal-plastic connecting elements Download PDFInfo
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- CA2248499C CA2248499C CA 2248499 CA2248499A CA2248499C CA 2248499 C CA2248499 C CA 2248499C CA 2248499 CA2248499 CA 2248499 CA 2248499 A CA2248499 A CA 2248499A CA 2248499 C CA2248499 C CA 2248499C
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- core
- metal
- heating
- plastic
- heat
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
- B29C65/3404—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint
- B29C65/3444—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint being a ribbon, band or strip
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
- B29C65/3472—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint
- B29C65/3476—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint being metallic
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
- B29C65/36—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction
- B29C65/3604—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the type of elements heated by induction which remain in the joint
- B29C65/3644—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the type of elements heated by induction which remain in the joint being a ribbon, band or strip
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
- B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
- B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/912—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/9131—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux
- B29C66/91311—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux by measuring the heat generated by Joule heating or induction heating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/914—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/9141—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature
- B29C66/91411—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature of the parts to be joined, e.g. the joining process taking the temperature of the parts to be joined into account
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/914—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/9161—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux
- B29C66/91651—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux by controlling or regulating the heat generated by Joule heating or induction heating
- B29C66/91655—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux by controlling or regulating the heat generated by Joule heating or induction heating by controlling or regulating the current intensity
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/96—Measuring or controlling the joining process characterised by the method for implementing the controlling of the joining process
- B29C66/961—Measuring or controlling the joining process characterised by the method for implementing the controlling of the joining process involving a feedback loop mechanism, e.g. comparison with a desired value
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/06—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the heating method
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R19/00—Wheel guards; Radiator guards, e.g. grilles; Obstruction removers; Fittings damping bouncing force in collisions
- B60R19/02—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects
- B60R19/03—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects characterised by material, e.g. composite
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
- B29C65/36—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction
- B29C65/3672—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the composition of the elements heated by induction which remain in the joint
- B29C65/3676—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the composition of the elements heated by induction which remain in the joint being metallic
- B29C65/368—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the composition of the elements heated by induction which remain in the joint being metallic with a polymer coating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/82—Pressure application arrangements, e.g. transmission or actuating mechanisms for joining tools or clamps
- B29C66/824—Actuating mechanisms
- B29C66/8242—Pneumatic or hydraulic drives
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/912—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/9121—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature
- B29C66/91221—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature of the parts to be joined
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2009/00—Layered products
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2310/00—Treatment by energy or chemical effects
- B32B2310/021—Treatment by energy or chemical effects using electrical effects
- B32B2310/022—Electrical resistance
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2311/00—Metals, their alloys or their compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2571/00—Protective equipment
- B32B2571/02—Protective equipment defensive, e.g. armour plates, anti-ballistic clothing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
Abstract
A method of fabricating the composite metal-and-plastic components of an antiballistic grill for an armored vehicle.
Each component comprises a core in the form of a length of structural section with layers of plastic against each side bonded to the core by heat and pressure in a mold comprising two halves. The object of the present invention is simpler and more economical lamination in the fabrication of non-flat work with a metal core. The core is electrically heated to a prescribed processing temperature by regulating a current of electricity, whereby the resulting heat is employed to soften to a prescribed extent adhesive between the core and the layers of plastic to be bonded to it.
Each component comprises a core in the form of a length of structural section with layers of plastic against each side bonded to the core by heat and pressure in a mold comprising two halves. The object of the present invention is simpler and more economical lamination in the fabrication of non-flat work with a metal core. The core is electrically heated to a prescribed processing temperature by regulating a current of electricity, whereby the resulting heat is employed to soften to a prescribed extent adhesive between the core and the layers of plastic to be bonded to it.
Description
3 The present invention concerns the method recited 4 in the preamble to Claim 1.
A method of fabricating composite metal-and-plastic 6 components is known from European Patent 0 732 234 A2, Layers 7 of plastic are applied (laminated) to the top and bottom of 8 sectional metal cores (bars). Layers of woven plastic fabric 9 are bonded together, and the resulting sandwiches to the metal core with both thermoplastics and duroplastics.
11 Both vacuum sacking and pressing are employed to 12 fabricate such work (both techniques being described in M.
13 Fleming, G. Ziegmann, and S. Roth, Faserverbundweisen, 14 Berlin, Heidelberg, and New York, Springer, 1996).
Common to both techniques is that, to bond together 16 moldings with many angles, they use molds in the form of 17 upper and lower halves to achieve the desired geometry. Both 18 techniques also depend on indirect supply of the requisite 19 heat. That heat must be diverted entirely out of the finished work by subsequent cooling once the reaction is complete.
21 In vacuum sacking, the loosely joined separate 22 layers of the eventual composite must be secured in molds 23 entirely enclosed in a sack, which is then totally evacuated 24 to apply pressure by way of woven auxiliary structures.
Subsequent to this preparatory phase the total package is .. . . ..
heated, either with hotplates or in an enclosed oven.
2 The heating stage, with a maximum temperature of 3 approximately 200 ~ C, is immediately followed, especially in 4 the case of thermoplastics, by a cooling stage at the same pressure to stabilize the molding.
6 When the components are fabricated by pressing, the 7 requisite pressure is generated (hydraulically, 8 pneumatically, or mechanically) with a press. The individual 9 layers of the eventual work are, when they are not flat, 10 secured in press molds (with an upper and a lower half).
11 The mold is heated with either an electric hotplate 12 or a hot fluid and cooled with cooling devices.
13 Due to the physics of heat conduction and transfer, 14 the heating and cooling stages in both procedures are 15 relatively lengthy. This in turn dictates relatively long 16 processing and a relatively low output per unit of time and 17 per tool.
18 A method of joining the components of motor-vehicle 19 lamps and headlights together is known from German 2 740 071 20 A1. Plastic reflectors are joined along the edges to housings 21 with a transparent disk over the front. A spiral metal coil 22 is inserted between the edges of the parts and heated. The 23 coil is part of the tool and not of the work. It initially 24 extends into the softened plastic of the edge. Once the 25 heating of the fastener is discontinued and the plastic in 1 the reflector and housing hardens again, the parts are joined 2 to the disk by a layer of adhesive. This known method, 3 however, provides no suggestion as to how to attain the 4 object of the present invention.
That object is a method of the aforesaid genus that 6 will simplify and improve the economics of lamination in the 7 fabrication of non-flat components with a metal core like 8 those described in European Patent 0 732 234 A2 for example.
9 Directly heating the metal core exploits the core's inherent heat to fasten it to the upper and lower halves, 11 which are themselves laminates, which it is practical to 12 provide prefabricated and which are usually not electrically 13 conductive.
14 The metal core's inherent heat softens the thermoplastic or duroplastic masses, usually sheets, between 16 the core and the mold halves and renders them adhesive. The 17 sheets can already be part of the prefabricated upper and 18 lower halves and can be of the same or of a different 19 material. The three layers of the work, i.e. The upper layer, the lower layer, and the core, are then bonded together form-21 fit and force-fit by the application of external pressure, 22 preferably in a press.
23 Both the heating phase and the subsequent cooling 24 phase are much shorter in the method in accordance with the present invention than at the state of the art. Whereas the ... .
1 heat must be diverted from the whole molding in the state-of-2 the-art methods hereintofore described, only the heat of the 3 core, previously heated to processing temperature, must be 4 diverted in accordance with the present invention. Since the heat employed in accordance with the present invention is 6 considerably lower than the heat employed at the state of the 7 art, the overall procedure will take much less time.
8 Another positive result of the method in accordance 9 with the present invention is the definitely decreased tendency of the upper and lower halves and core of the 11 molding to shift ("float") relative to one another. This 12 factor increases precision and manufacturing reliability.
13 To reduce any contamination of the metal core that 14 might be deleterious to adhesion, the core should be heated electrically, either by regulated current flow (resistance 16 heating) or by regulated high-frequency heating (the 17 generation of eddy currents in the core). These two types of 18 electrical heating will allow the application of pressure to 19 the layers being bonded together even during the heating phase. Both procedures can accordingly be carried out 21 simultaneously.
22 The method in accordance with the present invention 23 will now be specified with reference to the accompanying 24 drawing, wherein Figure 1 illustrates one embodiment of the method . .
1 in accordance with the present invention and 2 Figure 2 another embodiment of the same method.
3 Figure 1 illustrates the principle involved in the 4 simultaneous application of heat and pressure in a method employing resistance heating.
6 Work 2 that is to be laminated and comprises an 7 upper layer 2.1, a metal core 2.2, and a lower layer 2.3 is 8 placed in a ~ ld 1 comprising an upper half 1.2 and a lower 9 half 1.3. Core 2.2 is a length of angled section long enough for its ends 4 to extend beyond layer 2.1 and lower layer 2.3 11 and contact the contacts 5 of an electric circuit 6. A
12 regulator 6.1 controls the electricity in circuit 6 in 13 accordance with the prescribed level of temperature to be 14 attained in core 2.2 as a function of time. A heat sensor 6.2 in circuit 6 compares the actual and ideal temperature 16 conditions. Pressure is applied to work 2 by a mechanism 7.
17 Between the various layers of work 2 are sheets 2.4 of 18 adhesive.
19 Figure 2 illustrates the principle involved in the simultaneous application of heat and pressure in a method 21 employing inductance heating.
22 Work 2 that is to be laminated and comprises an 23 upper layer 2.1, a metal core 2.2, and a lower layer 2.3 with 24 sheets 2.4 of adhesive between them is again placed in a mold 1 comprising an upper half 1.2 and a lower half 1.3. Core 2.2 1 is a length of angled section. An inductor 8 or 9 is entirely 2 integrated into upper half 1.2 and lower half 1.3 and is 3 strong enough to accommodate all the force exerted by 4 pressure-application mechanism 7. The output of a high-frequency generator 10 in circuit 6 is regulated by regulator 6 6.1 to ensure the requisite level of temperature in core 2.2 7 over time. The actual temperature of the core is measured by 8 heat sensor 6.2 and the appropriate electrical parameter 9 forwarded to regulator 6.1.
A method of fabricating composite metal-and-plastic 6 components is known from European Patent 0 732 234 A2, Layers 7 of plastic are applied (laminated) to the top and bottom of 8 sectional metal cores (bars). Layers of woven plastic fabric 9 are bonded together, and the resulting sandwiches to the metal core with both thermoplastics and duroplastics.
11 Both vacuum sacking and pressing are employed to 12 fabricate such work (both techniques being described in M.
13 Fleming, G. Ziegmann, and S. Roth, Faserverbundweisen, 14 Berlin, Heidelberg, and New York, Springer, 1996).
Common to both techniques is that, to bond together 16 moldings with many angles, they use molds in the form of 17 upper and lower halves to achieve the desired geometry. Both 18 techniques also depend on indirect supply of the requisite 19 heat. That heat must be diverted entirely out of the finished work by subsequent cooling once the reaction is complete.
21 In vacuum sacking, the loosely joined separate 22 layers of the eventual composite must be secured in molds 23 entirely enclosed in a sack, which is then totally evacuated 24 to apply pressure by way of woven auxiliary structures.
Subsequent to this preparatory phase the total package is .. . . ..
heated, either with hotplates or in an enclosed oven.
2 The heating stage, with a maximum temperature of 3 approximately 200 ~ C, is immediately followed, especially in 4 the case of thermoplastics, by a cooling stage at the same pressure to stabilize the molding.
6 When the components are fabricated by pressing, the 7 requisite pressure is generated (hydraulically, 8 pneumatically, or mechanically) with a press. The individual 9 layers of the eventual work are, when they are not flat, 10 secured in press molds (with an upper and a lower half).
11 The mold is heated with either an electric hotplate 12 or a hot fluid and cooled with cooling devices.
13 Due to the physics of heat conduction and transfer, 14 the heating and cooling stages in both procedures are 15 relatively lengthy. This in turn dictates relatively long 16 processing and a relatively low output per unit of time and 17 per tool.
18 A method of joining the components of motor-vehicle 19 lamps and headlights together is known from German 2 740 071 20 A1. Plastic reflectors are joined along the edges to housings 21 with a transparent disk over the front. A spiral metal coil 22 is inserted between the edges of the parts and heated. The 23 coil is part of the tool and not of the work. It initially 24 extends into the softened plastic of the edge. Once the 25 heating of the fastener is discontinued and the plastic in 1 the reflector and housing hardens again, the parts are joined 2 to the disk by a layer of adhesive. This known method, 3 however, provides no suggestion as to how to attain the 4 object of the present invention.
That object is a method of the aforesaid genus that 6 will simplify and improve the economics of lamination in the 7 fabrication of non-flat components with a metal core like 8 those described in European Patent 0 732 234 A2 for example.
9 Directly heating the metal core exploits the core's inherent heat to fasten it to the upper and lower halves, 11 which are themselves laminates, which it is practical to 12 provide prefabricated and which are usually not electrically 13 conductive.
14 The metal core's inherent heat softens the thermoplastic or duroplastic masses, usually sheets, between 16 the core and the mold halves and renders them adhesive. The 17 sheets can already be part of the prefabricated upper and 18 lower halves and can be of the same or of a different 19 material. The three layers of the work, i.e. The upper layer, the lower layer, and the core, are then bonded together form-21 fit and force-fit by the application of external pressure, 22 preferably in a press.
23 Both the heating phase and the subsequent cooling 24 phase are much shorter in the method in accordance with the present invention than at the state of the art. Whereas the ... .
1 heat must be diverted from the whole molding in the state-of-2 the-art methods hereintofore described, only the heat of the 3 core, previously heated to processing temperature, must be 4 diverted in accordance with the present invention. Since the heat employed in accordance with the present invention is 6 considerably lower than the heat employed at the state of the 7 art, the overall procedure will take much less time.
8 Another positive result of the method in accordance 9 with the present invention is the definitely decreased tendency of the upper and lower halves and core of the 11 molding to shift ("float") relative to one another. This 12 factor increases precision and manufacturing reliability.
13 To reduce any contamination of the metal core that 14 might be deleterious to adhesion, the core should be heated electrically, either by regulated current flow (resistance 16 heating) or by regulated high-frequency heating (the 17 generation of eddy currents in the core). These two types of 18 electrical heating will allow the application of pressure to 19 the layers being bonded together even during the heating phase. Both procedures can accordingly be carried out 21 simultaneously.
22 The method in accordance with the present invention 23 will now be specified with reference to the accompanying 24 drawing, wherein Figure 1 illustrates one embodiment of the method . .
1 in accordance with the present invention and 2 Figure 2 another embodiment of the same method.
3 Figure 1 illustrates the principle involved in the 4 simultaneous application of heat and pressure in a method employing resistance heating.
6 Work 2 that is to be laminated and comprises an 7 upper layer 2.1, a metal core 2.2, and a lower layer 2.3 is 8 placed in a ~ ld 1 comprising an upper half 1.2 and a lower 9 half 1.3. Core 2.2 is a length of angled section long enough for its ends 4 to extend beyond layer 2.1 and lower layer 2.3 11 and contact the contacts 5 of an electric circuit 6. A
12 regulator 6.1 controls the electricity in circuit 6 in 13 accordance with the prescribed level of temperature to be 14 attained in core 2.2 as a function of time. A heat sensor 6.2 in circuit 6 compares the actual and ideal temperature 16 conditions. Pressure is applied to work 2 by a mechanism 7.
17 Between the various layers of work 2 are sheets 2.4 of 18 adhesive.
19 Figure 2 illustrates the principle involved in the simultaneous application of heat and pressure in a method 21 employing inductance heating.
22 Work 2 that is to be laminated and comprises an 23 upper layer 2.1, a metal core 2.2, and a lower layer 2.3 with 24 sheets 2.4 of adhesive between them is again placed in a mold 1 comprising an upper half 1.2 and a lower half 1.3. Core 2.2 1 is a length of angled section. An inductor 8 or 9 is entirely 2 integrated into upper half 1.2 and lower half 1.3 and is 3 strong enough to accommodate all the force exerted by 4 pressure-application mechanism 7. The output of a high-frequency generator 10 in circuit 6 is regulated by regulator 6 6.1 to ensure the requisite level of temperature in core 2.2 7 over time. The actual temperature of the core is measured by 8 heat sensor 6.2 and the appropriate electrical parameter 9 forwarded to regulator 6.1.
Claims (5)
1. A method for fabricating a composite metal-and-plastic component of an antiballistic grill for an armored vehicle, comprising the steps of: producing a core in form of a length of structural section with sides; bonding layers of plastic on each of said sides to said core by heat and pressure in a mold having two halves; heating said core electrically to a specific processing temperature by regulating an electrical current softening an adhesive between said core and said layers of plastic to a specific extent from resultant heat.
2. A method as defined in Claim 1, wherein said core is metal, said metal core being heated inside said mold.
3. A method as defined in Claim 1, wherein said core is metal; and connecting ends of said metal core to electrical connections beyond ends of said mold providing electricity for heating said core by resistance heating.
4. A method as defined i Claim 1, wherein said core is metal, said metal core being heated by inductance heating from an inductor integrated into said mold.
5. A method as defined in Claim 1, wherein said core is metal; and controlling electric current for heating said metal core by regulators and heat sensors.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE1997121378 DE19721378C2 (en) | 1997-05-22 | 1997-05-22 | Process for the production of metal-plastic composite elements |
DE19721378.2-16 | 1997-05-22 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CA2248499A1 CA2248499A1 (en) | 1998-11-22 |
CA2248499C true CA2248499C (en) | 2001-10-09 |
Family
ID=7830155
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CA 2248499 Expired - Fee Related CA2248499C (en) | 1997-05-22 | 1998-04-20 | Method for producing metal-plastic connecting elements |
Country Status (13)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US6174398B1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP0879725B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2975005B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR100256278B1 (en) |
AR (1) | AR010165A1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE210029T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU706539B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BR9801549A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2248499C (en) |
DE (2) | DE19721378C2 (en) |
IN (1) | IN192289B (en) |
SG (1) | SG91799A1 (en) |
TR (1) | TR199800899A3 (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10031697A1 (en) * | 2000-06-27 | 2002-01-10 | Volkswagen Ag | Making surface-finished composite of metal and plastic sheet, molds metal for use as deep-drawing stamp forming and bonding with plastic sheet |
DE10223039A1 (en) * | 2002-05-22 | 2004-01-08 | Woco Avs Gmbh | Process for the production of composite systems from metal and polymer molded parts |
US8066841B2 (en) | 2002-05-22 | 2011-11-29 | Woco Avs Gmbh | Method for manufacturing composite systems made of metal polymer shaped parts |
US8480839B2 (en) | 2002-05-22 | 2013-07-09 | Anvis Deutschland Gmbh | Method for manufacturing composite systems made of metal and polymer shaped parts |
US7770506B2 (en) * | 2004-06-11 | 2010-08-10 | Bae Systems Tactical Vehicle Systems Lp | Armored cab for vehicles |
US7325864B1 (en) * | 2006-08-28 | 2008-02-05 | Valentin Echeverria | Rotating automotive grille assembly |
CA2706965A1 (en) * | 2007-11-29 | 2009-06-04 | Bluescope Steel Limited | Composite products and methods of making same |
US20120240757A1 (en) * | 2011-03-25 | 2012-09-27 | David Arthur Schade | Composite grille louvers |
CN103317716B (en) * | 2013-07-03 | 2015-04-08 | 江苏联浩科技有限公司 | Welding equipment for electronic tag cigarette packing box |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2399184A (en) * | 1941-09-27 | 1946-04-30 | Du Pont | Laminated armor plate structure |
FR2364188A1 (en) * | 1976-09-08 | 1978-04-07 | Cibie Projecteurs | METHOD OF ASSEMBLING PARTS OF HEADLIGHTS OR LIGHTS OF MOTOR VEHICLES |
DE3108221A1 (en) * | 1981-03-05 | 1983-01-27 | Walter Klein GmbH & Co. KG, 5600 Wuppertal | Device and process for producing adhesion bonded plastic and metal profiles |
GB2119710A (en) * | 1982-05-05 | 1983-11-23 | Smith H R | Producing thermoplastics material laminates, foams and articles |
JPH04277581A (en) * | 1990-12-24 | 1992-10-02 | Ford Motor Co | Method and device for bonding nonconductive member to conductive member |
US5793024A (en) * | 1991-04-05 | 1998-08-11 | The Boeing Company | Bonding using induction heating |
US5508496A (en) * | 1991-10-18 | 1996-04-16 | The Boeing Company | Selvaged susceptor for thermoplastic welding by induction heating |
US5405673A (en) * | 1993-03-30 | 1995-04-11 | Seibert; George M. | Shooting range backstop |
US5573613A (en) * | 1995-01-03 | 1996-11-12 | Lunden; C. David | Induction thermometry |
KR100255413B1 (en) * | 1995-03-15 | 2000-05-01 | 프리트 | Ballistic grill for special purpose vehicles |
AU6263796A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1996-12-30 | Boeing Company, The | Hybrid metal webbed composite beam |
US5556565A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1996-09-17 | The Boeing Company | Method for composite welding using a hybrid metal webbed composite beam |
US5760379A (en) * | 1995-10-26 | 1998-06-02 | The Boeing Company | Monitoring the bond line temperature in thermoplastic welds |
-
1997
- 1997-05-22 DE DE1997121378 patent/DE19721378C2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1998
- 1998-02-19 EP EP19980102851 patent/EP0879725B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-02-19 AT AT98102851T patent/ATE210029T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-02-19 DE DE59802293T patent/DE59802293D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-03-30 KR KR1019980011053A patent/KR100256278B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-04-09 SG SG9800831A patent/SG91799A1/en unknown
- 1998-04-20 CA CA 2248499 patent/CA2248499C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-04-24 US US09/066,205 patent/US6174398B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-05-15 IN IN881CA1998 patent/IN192289B/en unknown
- 1998-05-19 JP JP13653698A patent/JP2975005B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-05-20 AR ARP980102338 patent/AR010165A1/en unknown
- 1998-05-20 TR TR1998/00899A patent/TR199800899A3/en unknown
- 1998-05-20 AU AU67983/98A patent/AU706539B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1998-05-21 BR BR9801549A patent/BR9801549A/en active Search and Examination
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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SG91799A1 (en) | 2002-10-15 |
EP0879725A2 (en) | 1998-11-25 |
IN192289B (en) | 2004-03-27 |
AU6798398A (en) | 1998-11-26 |
DE59802293D1 (en) | 2002-01-17 |
KR100256278B1 (en) | 2000-05-15 |
BR9801549A (en) | 1999-08-24 |
EP0879725A3 (en) | 1999-11-03 |
AR010165A1 (en) | 2000-05-17 |
DE19721378C2 (en) | 2002-07-25 |
JP2975005B2 (en) | 1999-11-10 |
DE19721378A1 (en) | 1998-11-26 |
EP0879725B1 (en) | 2001-12-05 |
TR199800899A2 (en) | 1999-10-21 |
KR19980086555A (en) | 1998-12-05 |
CA2248499A1 (en) | 1998-11-22 |
JPH10329266A (en) | 1998-12-15 |
US6174398B1 (en) | 2001-01-16 |
AU706539B2 (en) | 1999-06-17 |
ATE210029T1 (en) | 2001-12-15 |
TR199800899A3 (en) | 1999-10-21 |
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