CA2240019A1 - Direct methanol feed fuel cell and system - Google Patents

Direct methanol feed fuel cell and system

Info

Publication number
CA2240019A1
CA2240019A1 CA002240019A CA2240019A CA2240019A1 CA 2240019 A1 CA2240019 A1 CA 2240019A1 CA 002240019 A CA002240019 A CA 002240019A CA 2240019 A CA2240019 A CA 2240019A CA 2240019 A1 CA2240019 A1 CA 2240019A1
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
fuel cell
direct methanol
feed fuel
methanol feed
materials
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CA002240019A
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
CA2240019C (en
Inventor
Subbarao Surampudi
Harvey A. Frank
Sekharipuram R. Narayanan
William Chun
Barbara Jeffries-Nakamura
Andrew Kindler
Gerald Halpert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
California Institute of Technology CalTech
Original Assignee
California Institute Of Technology
Subbarao Surampudi
Harvey A. Frank
Sekharipuram R. Narayanan
William Chun
Barbara Jeffries-Nakamura
Andrew Kindler
Gerald Halpert
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by California Institute Of Technology, Subbarao Surampudi, Harvey A. Frank, Sekharipuram R. Narayanan, William Chun, Barbara Jeffries-Nakamura, Andrew Kindler, Gerald Halpert filed Critical California Institute Of Technology
Publication of CA2240019A1 publication Critical patent/CA2240019A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA2240019C publication Critical patent/CA2240019C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

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    • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
    • H01M8/2455—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with liquid, solid or electrolyte-charged reactants
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    • H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
    • H01M4/92—Metals of platinum group
    • H01M4/921—Alloys or mixtures with metallic elements
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    • H01M8/0269—Separators, collectors or interconnectors including a printed circuit board
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    • H01M8/04186—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of liquid-charged or electrolyte-charged reactants
    • H01M8/04194—Concentration measuring cells
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    • H01M8/1009—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes with one of the reactants being liquid, solid or liquid-charged
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    • H01M8/1009—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes with one of the reactants being liquid, solid or liquid-charged
    • H01M8/1011—Direct alcohol fuel cells [DAFC], e.g. direct methanol fuel cells [DMFC]
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    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/22—Fuel cells in which the fuel is based on materials comprising carbon or oxygen or hydrogen and other elements; Fuel cells in which the fuel is based on materials comprising only elements other than carbon, oxygen or hydrogen
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0065—Solid electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0082—Organic polymers
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    • H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
    • H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
    • H01M8/04373—Temperature; Ambient temperature of auxiliary devices, e.g. reformers, compressors, burners
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    • H01M8/0444—Concentration; Density
    • H01M8/04447—Concentration; Density of anode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
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    • H01M8/04574—Current
    • H01M8/04582—Current of the individual fuel cell
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    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
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    • H01M8/04865—Voltage
    • H01M8/04873—Voltage of the individual fuel cell
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    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/1004—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by membrane-electrode assemblies [MEA]
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    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
    • H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
    • H01M8/102—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer
    • H01M8/1023—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer having only carbon, e.g. polyarylenes, polystyrenes or polybutadiene-styrenes
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    • H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
    • H01M8/1039—Polymeric electrolyte materials halogenated, e.g. sulfonated polyvinylidene fluorides
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
    • Y10T29/49108—Electric battery cell making

Abstract

Improvements to non-acid fuel methanol fuel cells (10) include new formulations for the materials used therein. The anode (14) includes platinum and rithenium uniformly mixed together. Other materials may be substituted for these metals. The cathode (16) is made of platinum particles, and is bonded to a side of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane (18). The backing material for the fuel electrode is treated to improve its characteristics. An extremely porous electrode made by sputtering is also disclosed.
CA002240019A 1995-12-08 1996-12-09 Direct methanol feed fuel cell and system Expired - Fee Related CA2240019C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US08/569,452 US5773162A (en) 1993-10-12 1995-12-08 Direct methanol feed fuel cell and system
US08/569,452 1995-12-08
PCT/US1996/019731 WO1997021256A1 (en) 1995-12-08 1996-12-09 Direct methanol feed fuel cell and system

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2240019A1 true CA2240019A1 (en) 1997-06-12
CA2240019C CA2240019C (en) 2002-03-12

Family

ID=24275508

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA002240019A Expired - Fee Related CA2240019C (en) 1995-12-08 1996-12-09 Direct methanol feed fuel cell and system

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (7) US5773162A (en)
EP (7) EP1548865A1 (en)
JP (6) JP3487308B2 (en)
AU (1) AU721401B2 (en)
CA (1) CA2240019C (en)
DE (2) DE69637923D1 (en)
WO (1) WO1997021256A1 (en)

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US5945231A (en) * 1996-03-26 1999-08-31 California Institute Of Technology Direct liquid-feed fuel cell with membrane electrolyte and manufacturing thereof
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US6368469B1 (en) 1996-05-09 2002-04-09 Applied Materials, Inc. Coils for generating a plasma and for sputtering
KR100489918B1 (en) * 1996-05-09 2005-08-04 어플라이드 머티어리얼스, 인코포레이티드 Coils for generating a plasma and for sputtering
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US6306285B1 (en) * 1997-04-08 2001-10-23 California Institute Of Technology Techniques for sensing methanol concentration in aqueous environments
US6248469B1 (en) 1997-08-29 2001-06-19 Foster-Miller, Inc. Composite solid polymer electrolyte membranes
US6485851B1 (en) * 1997-09-23 2002-11-26 California Institute Of Technology Power generation in fuel cells using liquid methanol and hydrogen peroxide
WO1999027600A1 (en) * 1997-11-25 1999-06-03 California Institute Of Technology Improved hspes membrane electrode assembly
AU1996199A (en) * 1997-11-26 1999-06-15 California Institute Of Technology Low cost, lightweight fuel cell elements
JPH11317236A (en) * 1997-12-22 1999-11-16 Aqueous Reserch:Kk Fuel cell system
US5992008A (en) * 1998-02-10 1999-11-30 California Institute Of Technology Direct methanol feed fuel cell with reduced catalyst loading
US6221523B1 (en) * 1998-02-10 2001-04-24 California Institute Of Technology Direct deposit of catalyst on the membrane of direct feed fuel cells
WO1999045607A1 (en) 1998-03-03 1999-09-10 Celltech Power, Llc A carbon-oxygen electricity-generating unit
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GB9808524D0 (en) * 1998-04-23 1998-06-17 British Gas Plc Fuel cell flow-field structure formed by layer deposition
JPH11339815A (en) * 1998-05-29 1999-12-10 Aisin Seiki Co Ltd Solid polymer electrolyte for cell and its manufacture
JP2000052749A (en) * 1998-08-05 2000-02-22 Mazda Motor Corp Air conditioner for electric automobile
US6500571B2 (en) * 1998-08-19 2002-12-31 Powerzyme, Inc. Enzymatic fuel cell
US6153323A (en) 1998-10-16 2000-11-28 Ballard Power Systems Inc. Electrode treatment method for improving performance in liquid feed fuel cells
EP1133805B1 (en) * 1998-10-16 2002-08-14 Ballard Power Systems Inc. Ionomer impregnation of electrode substrates for improved fuel cell performance
AU759819B2 (en) 1999-01-22 2003-05-01 University Of Southern California Improved membrane electrode assembly for a fuel cell
WO2000055928A2 (en) * 1999-02-26 2000-09-21 Symyx Technologies, Inc. Platinum-ruthenium-nickel alloy for use as a fuel cell catalyst
US7550216B2 (en) * 1999-03-03 2009-06-23 Foster-Miller, Inc. Composite solid polymer electrolyte membranes
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