CA2215939C - Interconnectable formwork elements - Google Patents
Interconnectable formwork elements Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2215939C CA2215939C CA002215939A CA2215939A CA2215939C CA 2215939 C CA2215939 C CA 2215939C CA 002215939 A CA002215939 A CA 002215939A CA 2215939 A CA2215939 A CA 2215939A CA 2215939 C CA2215939 C CA 2215939C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- edge
- connecting member
- engaging means
- elements
- elongated
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
- E04B2/86—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
- E04B2/86—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
- E04B2/8652—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms with ties located in the joints of the forms
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/02—Sheet piles or sheet pile bulkheads
- E02D5/03—Prefabricated parts, e.g. composite sheet piles
- E02D5/04—Prefabricated parts, e.g. composite sheet piles made of steel
- E02D5/08—Locking forms; Edge joints; Pile crossings; Branch pieces
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
- E04B2/86—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
- E04B2002/867—Corner details
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
- E04B2/86—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
- E04B2002/8676—Wall end details
Abstract
A modular assembly for creating formwork for casting vertical concrete structures is characterized by elongated, generally concave elements (1) which are disposed in edge to edge relationship in two facing rows (4, 5 and 6, 7), and which are simultaneously retained in edge to edge relationship and in facing relationship by connecting members (8). The connecting members have spaced ribs (18) allowing the flow of concrete across the plane of the connecting member (8).
Description
CA 0221~939 1997-09-19 Title of the Invention INTERCONNECTABLE FORMWORK ELEMENTS
f Technical Field of the Invention This invention relates to formwork for casting vertical concrete structures suchas walls.
The forms of the invention are elong~te~l modular elements which are adapted to interconnect to one another along their lonEi~lAin~l sides to create overall formwork for casting concrete to form a wall or other vertical structure.
Ba~k~round Art It is known in the prior art to provide modular form elements which may be st~r~ end to end and wherein a plurality of horizontal courses are superposed one upon the other to create a wall of formwork. FY~mples of such el~ment~ are disclosed in United States Patent 2,172,052 to Robbins and U.S. Patent 3,788,020 to Gregori.
It is also known to provide modular form elements consisting of a plurality of vertical and essentially closed forms which can be nested alongside one another to create a series of adjacent concrete columns. U.S. Patent 5,216,863 to Nessa et al.
discloses such elements having generally circular or octagonal cross sections. In Nessa's octagonal cross section embodiment, the cross section of the form element comprises the general shape of an octagon with one side mi~sinE so as to create an open side. The free edges adjacent the open side are provided with l~t~ means which are designed to cooperate with complement~ry relainillg means mounted on the back of an adjacent element. A plurality of elements can thereby be secured to one another, "piggyback" style, to create a follllw.,lk of columns into which concrete CA 0221~939 1997-o9-19 can be poured.
There are a number of desirable objectives in relation to modular form elements. Where it is inten~ed to leave the form in place after casting the concrete, it is desirable to provide a form element which enables the easy application 5 of wall finishes or coverings to the surface thereof. An important feature is the ability to allow the concrete to flow between interconnected form el~mPnt~ so so as to provide strength and rigidity to the concrete structure. It is also desirable to be able to insert reillrol~;ing rods in the fo,ll,~olk. The formwork should be el~loof to prevent corrosion of reinforcing elementc embedded in the concrete.
0 It is also desirable for finished formwork to offer insulation plo~ellies.
Various prior art approaches achieve some of these objectives, but with varying success. For example, in the case of U.S. Patent 5,216,863 it is difficult to provide insulation or liner within the form, mainly because of the essenti~lly closed 15 nature of the oct~n~l or circular fonn, and the structure of the form tends to impede the flow of concrete between adjacent forms. Moreover, the resulting formwork lacks structural rigidity and when the follllwoll~ is filled with concrete, it suffers from a 'banana effect' which causes the walls of the form elements to bulge out. Thismakes it ~lifficult to secure wall finishes and coverings.
Disclosure of the Invention According to one of its aspects, the invention comprises a modular formwork assembly having an elong~te~l generally concave element and an elongated 25 connecting member and two lon~it~ltlin~l edges connected by spaced ribs. The connecting member is provided with çnE~EinE means at each edge each of which çng~EinE means enables the connection of elements arranged in end to end relationship about an edge of the connecting element. The elements are provided CA 0221~939 1997-09-l9 with eng~ging means along their longitudinal edges for cooperating with the conn~c*n~ means of the connecting members. The eng~ging means of the elements and those of the members are adapted to coopelate by sliding engagement. The connecting element thereby acts to simnlt~neously connect two facing elements toone another as well as to connect two elements presented in end to end relationship 5 to one another.
The generally open or concave shape of the elements allows the application of in~ tion or liner to the inner surface thereof and/or the nesting of elements for easy transportation while the modular aspect of the elements and connecting lo members enables easy assembly by workmen.
The resnlting assembly provides a fo~ wolk which substantially m~int~inc its shape when filled with concrete and which does not suffer from "banana effect".
The spacing of the ribs of the connecting member provides pathways for the 15 insertion into the follllw~llk of l~.llrOl.;illg rods, and also allows the integral formation of horizontal lengths of concrete along the pathways formed by aligned spaces between the ribs of adjacent elements.
In another aspect, the invention is a method of erecting follllwolk using the 20 assembly described above comprising the steps of first erecting one side of the formwork by providing a plurality of connecting members wherein the eng~ging means on a single, common side of the plurality of connecting members are engaged in the eng~ging means of a plurality of the elements so as to retain the plurality of el~mlontc in edge to edge relationship. The next step is to install reinforcing rods in 25 the spaces between the ribs of the connecting members, then installing a plurality of the elements in edge to edge relationship in engagement with the eng~gin~ means on an opposite side of the connecting members whereby to complete a second side of the fo.ll,wolk wall.
CA 0221~939 1997-09-l9 Brief Description of the Drawin~.~ Embodiment Other aspects of the invention will be evident from the following disclosure 5 and description of the preferred embodiment and from the drawings in which:
Figure 1 is a schem~tic plan view of an ~cs~mbly of formwork illustrating connecting members, elements and gap finichin~ pieces according to the invention;
Figure 2 is an end view of an element according to the invention including inc~ tion on the inner surface thereof;
Figure 3 is an end view of one embodiment of a connecting member according to the invention;
Figure4isafrontviewofalengthoftheco,.~.~cl;..gm~mhershowninFigure 3;
Figure S is an end view of an embodiment of a connecting member according 20 to the invention including eng~ging means for a gap finiching piece;
Figure 6 is a front view of a length of the connecting member of Figure S;
Figure 7 is an end view of a connecting member according to another embodiment of the invention for closing one end of a course of elçm~ontc;
Figure 8 is a front view of a length of the connecting member of Figure 7;
CA 0221~939 1997-09-19 Figure 9 is an end view of a gap fini.~hine piece according to the invention;
Figure 10 is an end view of an angle piece according to one embodiment of the invention;
5Figure 11 is an end view of an element with anchors according to one embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description of the Best Mode and Preferred 10Embodiment of the Invention Referring to Figure 1, a plurality of generally concave elongated form elements 1 are provided. The elements are prefereably made of a m~t~ri~l such aspolyvinylchloride as are the other components described herein. The elements have 15 a surface 50 which may be three sided or they may have more sides, be rounded or any other suitable shape, provided the elements are essentially open so that the edges do not close towards each other. In this disclosure and in the claims, such shapes are referred to for simplicity as "concave". The use of such shapes give a column-like appearance to the formwork. The concavity also allows easy access to the inside face 20 2 of the element 1 for the placing or bond~ng of various types of in~ tion or liner within the inside face of the element prior to erection of the formwork or at the time of manufacture of the elements 1. Foam type insulation as at 3 may be used or a composite insulation or a thinner liner may be bonded to the inner surface of the element. Alternatively, the element can be used without any in~ tion or liner.
The open concave shape of the elements also allows a plurality of elements to be nested for compact and easy transportation thereby reducing transportation CA 0221~939 1997-09-19 WO 96/35845 PCT/CA9~/00281 costs.
A formwork wall is created by placing a course of elements 1 adjacent one another in edge to edge rel~tionchir, as between el~mentc 4 and 5 in Figure 1, placing a second course of elements adjacent one another in edge to edge relationship, as Sbetween elements 6 and 7 in Figure 1, and inter-connecting the elements by means of connecting members, as described below.
Referring to Figure 2, the l-~ngitlltlin~l edges 9, 10 of elements 1 are provided wi~ eng,qging means 12, 14. In the preferred embodiment, the eng~f~in~ means are10in the shape of the female portion of a T connector.
A connecting member 8 according to the invention is illustrated in Figure 3 and in Figure 4. A series of ribs 18 extend in the central portion 23 along the length of the connecting member 8 between longitlltlin~l edges 19, 21. F.ng~ging means 1520, 22 are provided at each edge 19, 21 of connecting member 8. In the lJrerellcd embodiment, e~ging means 20 in turn consists of two male portions 28, 30 of a T
connector disposed opposite one another in relation to the central portion 23. The same arr~n~em~nt is provided for eng~ing means 22. Each of the male portions of the T connector are sized to cooperate with the female portions 12, 14 of the T
20connector which form part of the element 1.
~efPrring again to Figure 1, the eng~ging means 20, 22 of connecting member 8 can be positioned in relation to eng~ging means 12, 14 of four elements 4, 5, 6, 7, then slid into ~ng~gem~nt with them along the length of the connecting member 8 and 25of the elements 4, 5, 6, 7 (i.e. into the plane of Figure 1). Connecting member 8 thereby acts as a spacer to hold elements 5 and 7 and elements 4 and 6 a controlled t~nr.e apart from one another. This, as well as the fact that the concrete can flow laterally between ribs 18 of the connecting members, prevents the bulging outward CA 0221~939 1997-09-19 of the interconnected elern~nt.c once the concrete which is poured into the formwork.
It will be appreciated that the connecting member 8 acts not only to hold the facing el~mFntc 5, 7 and 4, 6 a certain distance from one another, but also to secure laterally adjac~nt elements 4, 5 and 6, 7 in edge to edge relationship to one another.
Once one connecting member is slidingly engaged with a first set of four clF.~ another connPcting m~mber can be slid into engagement with the eng~ing means on the end of the elements opposite the connecting member which is already installed. Thus a wall of formwork is gradually erected. Since the 10 P~m~nt between the connecting members and the elements is a sliding one, the formwork or any given connecting member can be (ii~sembled easily, provided the concrete has not been poured.
As noted above, the connecting member 8 is provided with ribs 18. Ribs 18 15 are spaced from one another a sufficient distance to ensure a ...i..;....~... of impedance to the flow of concrete through the central portion 23.
The spaced ribs 18 also allow the introduction in the spaces (24, 25, 26) of r~olc~lg rods to extend along the lateral length of the wall, for example between 20 connecting elements 8, 11. The reinforcing rods may in fact be disposed in any orientation within the plane of the concrete wall, with the only limit~tion being the ~oxist~nce of a linear arr~ngem~nt of spaces between the ribs 18 of adjacent members along the pathway to be followed by the reinforcing rod. Thus the rods may be aTranged either hol~o~ lly or diagonally according to the regularity and spacing of 25 the ribs in adjacent connecting members.
It is possible according to the invention to erect only one side or face of the formwork by connecting the connecting members to a plurality of elements but CA 0221F,939 1997-09-l9 leaving the opposite edge of the connecting members free. With ~,opl,ate bracingof the resl-lting structure it is then possible to install reinforcing rods in the pathways defined by successive spaces between the ribs of the connecting members. As onlyone side of the formwork will have been erected, the overall pattern of r~infolcil~g rods is visible from the open side of the formwork allowing an evaluation of the5 suitability of the reinforcing scheme. Once the reinforcing rods are sati~f~ctorily installed, the complement~ry side of the formwork may be erected by sliding a plurality of elements into the eng~ing means on the free edges of the connectingmembers.
Anchors 48, 49 may also be provided which project inwardly of the surface 50 of the element as shown in Figure 11 so as to engage the concrete after it is poured and in order to provide additional rigidity to the structure.
An advantage of the assembly according to the invention that if a thick layer 15 of insulation 3 is provided on the inner surface of the element 1 it is possible to provide cut outs in the form and the in~ tion to provide a cavity for the in.ct~ tion of electrical boxes and the like. Even after the concrete hardens in the form, it would still be possible, if necess&~y, to cut out a portion of the element 1 and its associated portion of insulation to provide the necessary cavity.
The extern~l appearance of a course of elements joined by connecting mPmhers will be a row of abuthng columns as may be appreciated by considering the overall view offered by Figure 1. However, in some cases, it will be desirable to present a flat exterior or interior surface to the wall. This may be achieved with 25 çl~m~nh as described herein by the use of an elongated gap fini~hing piece 13, seen in Figure 1 and illustrated more particularly in Figure 9. The gap finishing piece 13 consists of a subst~nti~lly flat surface 17 and a projection 27 exten-lin~ from the flat surface 17. The gap fini~hing piece can be positioned to cover the gap 29 created by - CA 0221~939 1997-09-l9 the walls 31, 32 of adjacent elements.
The projection 27 of the gap fini~hin~ piece 13 is provided with an arrowhead shaped end 33. In order to retain the gap finichinE piece 13 in place over the gap 29, a di~erelll embodiment of a connecting member from that described 5 above is used, as illustrated in Figures 5 and 6, although such member may be incorporated in the formwork assembly as seen in Figure 1. F.xt~n~linE directly oulw~d from each edge 34,35 of the member 36 there are provided enEaEinE means 37, 38 con~isting of sockets in the pl~r~ d embodiment. Such a connecting element 36 is also illustrated in Figure 1. The sockets 37, 38 and the arrowhead shaped end 10 33 of the projection 27 are sized to cooperate with one another in a ball and socket type of connection. The gap fini~hinE piece 13 may therefore be retained to cover the gap 29 by applying pressure so as to insert the end 33 into the socket 37 or 38.
Another embodiment of a connecting member (42) is illustrated in Figure 7. Such an embodiment includes eng~Ein~ means 39, 40 at one side only of connecting member 42. The central portion of the connecting member is also continuous and substantially planar to the edges of the member. As a result, theconnecting member 42 can be used to close the end of a course of elements as at 43 in Figure 1.
It will be appreciated that various complement~ry components may also be used in association with the components described above but which have not been described in detail. For example, curved piece 44 (which may be flexible) may beused to define a curve in the wall, and flat piece 45 having angled en~gin~ means 46, 47 as illustrated in Figure 10 may be used to negotiate corners and other changes in direction in the wall structure.
While the ~n~~in~ means of the p~ ed embodiment have been described in some detail, variations on the specific structure of the eng~ging means may be practised within the scope of the invention, provided there is a sliding engagement between the cooperating çn~qging means of the elements and the connecting members to enable the easy erection of the formwork.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that other variations of the ~lcfcllcd embodiment may also be practised without departing from the scope of the invention.
f Technical Field of the Invention This invention relates to formwork for casting vertical concrete structures suchas walls.
The forms of the invention are elong~te~l modular elements which are adapted to interconnect to one another along their lonEi~lAin~l sides to create overall formwork for casting concrete to form a wall or other vertical structure.
Ba~k~round Art It is known in the prior art to provide modular form elements which may be st~r~ end to end and wherein a plurality of horizontal courses are superposed one upon the other to create a wall of formwork. FY~mples of such el~ment~ are disclosed in United States Patent 2,172,052 to Robbins and U.S. Patent 3,788,020 to Gregori.
It is also known to provide modular form elements consisting of a plurality of vertical and essentially closed forms which can be nested alongside one another to create a series of adjacent concrete columns. U.S. Patent 5,216,863 to Nessa et al.
discloses such elements having generally circular or octagonal cross sections. In Nessa's octagonal cross section embodiment, the cross section of the form element comprises the general shape of an octagon with one side mi~sinE so as to create an open side. The free edges adjacent the open side are provided with l~t~ means which are designed to cooperate with complement~ry relainillg means mounted on the back of an adjacent element. A plurality of elements can thereby be secured to one another, "piggyback" style, to create a follllw.,lk of columns into which concrete CA 0221~939 1997-o9-19 can be poured.
There are a number of desirable objectives in relation to modular form elements. Where it is inten~ed to leave the form in place after casting the concrete, it is desirable to provide a form element which enables the easy application 5 of wall finishes or coverings to the surface thereof. An important feature is the ability to allow the concrete to flow between interconnected form el~mPnt~ so so as to provide strength and rigidity to the concrete structure. It is also desirable to be able to insert reillrol~;ing rods in the fo,ll,~olk. The formwork should be el~loof to prevent corrosion of reinforcing elementc embedded in the concrete.
0 It is also desirable for finished formwork to offer insulation plo~ellies.
Various prior art approaches achieve some of these objectives, but with varying success. For example, in the case of U.S. Patent 5,216,863 it is difficult to provide insulation or liner within the form, mainly because of the essenti~lly closed 15 nature of the oct~n~l or circular fonn, and the structure of the form tends to impede the flow of concrete between adjacent forms. Moreover, the resulting formwork lacks structural rigidity and when the follllwoll~ is filled with concrete, it suffers from a 'banana effect' which causes the walls of the form elements to bulge out. Thismakes it ~lifficult to secure wall finishes and coverings.
Disclosure of the Invention According to one of its aspects, the invention comprises a modular formwork assembly having an elong~te~l generally concave element and an elongated 25 connecting member and two lon~it~ltlin~l edges connected by spaced ribs. The connecting member is provided with çnE~EinE means at each edge each of which çng~EinE means enables the connection of elements arranged in end to end relationship about an edge of the connecting element. The elements are provided CA 0221~939 1997-09-l9 with eng~ging means along their longitudinal edges for cooperating with the conn~c*n~ means of the connecting members. The eng~ging means of the elements and those of the members are adapted to coopelate by sliding engagement. The connecting element thereby acts to simnlt~neously connect two facing elements toone another as well as to connect two elements presented in end to end relationship 5 to one another.
The generally open or concave shape of the elements allows the application of in~ tion or liner to the inner surface thereof and/or the nesting of elements for easy transportation while the modular aspect of the elements and connecting lo members enables easy assembly by workmen.
The resnlting assembly provides a fo~ wolk which substantially m~int~inc its shape when filled with concrete and which does not suffer from "banana effect".
The spacing of the ribs of the connecting member provides pathways for the 15 insertion into the follllw~llk of l~.llrOl.;illg rods, and also allows the integral formation of horizontal lengths of concrete along the pathways formed by aligned spaces between the ribs of adjacent elements.
In another aspect, the invention is a method of erecting follllwolk using the 20 assembly described above comprising the steps of first erecting one side of the formwork by providing a plurality of connecting members wherein the eng~ging means on a single, common side of the plurality of connecting members are engaged in the eng~ging means of a plurality of the elements so as to retain the plurality of el~mlontc in edge to edge relationship. The next step is to install reinforcing rods in 25 the spaces between the ribs of the connecting members, then installing a plurality of the elements in edge to edge relationship in engagement with the eng~gin~ means on an opposite side of the connecting members whereby to complete a second side of the fo.ll,wolk wall.
CA 0221~939 1997-09-l9 Brief Description of the Drawin~.~ Embodiment Other aspects of the invention will be evident from the following disclosure 5 and description of the preferred embodiment and from the drawings in which:
Figure 1 is a schem~tic plan view of an ~cs~mbly of formwork illustrating connecting members, elements and gap finichin~ pieces according to the invention;
Figure 2 is an end view of an element according to the invention including inc~ tion on the inner surface thereof;
Figure 3 is an end view of one embodiment of a connecting member according to the invention;
Figure4isafrontviewofalengthoftheco,.~.~cl;..gm~mhershowninFigure 3;
Figure S is an end view of an embodiment of a connecting member according 20 to the invention including eng~ging means for a gap finiching piece;
Figure 6 is a front view of a length of the connecting member of Figure S;
Figure 7 is an end view of a connecting member according to another embodiment of the invention for closing one end of a course of elçm~ontc;
Figure 8 is a front view of a length of the connecting member of Figure 7;
CA 0221~939 1997-09-19 Figure 9 is an end view of a gap fini.~hine piece according to the invention;
Figure 10 is an end view of an angle piece according to one embodiment of the invention;
5Figure 11 is an end view of an element with anchors according to one embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description of the Best Mode and Preferred 10Embodiment of the Invention Referring to Figure 1, a plurality of generally concave elongated form elements 1 are provided. The elements are prefereably made of a m~t~ri~l such aspolyvinylchloride as are the other components described herein. The elements have 15 a surface 50 which may be three sided or they may have more sides, be rounded or any other suitable shape, provided the elements are essentially open so that the edges do not close towards each other. In this disclosure and in the claims, such shapes are referred to for simplicity as "concave". The use of such shapes give a column-like appearance to the formwork. The concavity also allows easy access to the inside face 20 2 of the element 1 for the placing or bond~ng of various types of in~ tion or liner within the inside face of the element prior to erection of the formwork or at the time of manufacture of the elements 1. Foam type insulation as at 3 may be used or a composite insulation or a thinner liner may be bonded to the inner surface of the element. Alternatively, the element can be used without any in~ tion or liner.
The open concave shape of the elements also allows a plurality of elements to be nested for compact and easy transportation thereby reducing transportation CA 0221~939 1997-09-19 WO 96/35845 PCT/CA9~/00281 costs.
A formwork wall is created by placing a course of elements 1 adjacent one another in edge to edge rel~tionchir, as between el~mentc 4 and 5 in Figure 1, placing a second course of elements adjacent one another in edge to edge relationship, as Sbetween elements 6 and 7 in Figure 1, and inter-connecting the elements by means of connecting members, as described below.
Referring to Figure 2, the l-~ngitlltlin~l edges 9, 10 of elements 1 are provided wi~ eng,qging means 12, 14. In the preferred embodiment, the eng~f~in~ means are10in the shape of the female portion of a T connector.
A connecting member 8 according to the invention is illustrated in Figure 3 and in Figure 4. A series of ribs 18 extend in the central portion 23 along the length of the connecting member 8 between longitlltlin~l edges 19, 21. F.ng~ging means 1520, 22 are provided at each edge 19, 21 of connecting member 8. In the lJrerellcd embodiment, e~ging means 20 in turn consists of two male portions 28, 30 of a T
connector disposed opposite one another in relation to the central portion 23. The same arr~n~em~nt is provided for eng~ing means 22. Each of the male portions of the T connector are sized to cooperate with the female portions 12, 14 of the T
20connector which form part of the element 1.
~efPrring again to Figure 1, the eng~ging means 20, 22 of connecting member 8 can be positioned in relation to eng~ging means 12, 14 of four elements 4, 5, 6, 7, then slid into ~ng~gem~nt with them along the length of the connecting member 8 and 25of the elements 4, 5, 6, 7 (i.e. into the plane of Figure 1). Connecting member 8 thereby acts as a spacer to hold elements 5 and 7 and elements 4 and 6 a controlled t~nr.e apart from one another. This, as well as the fact that the concrete can flow laterally between ribs 18 of the connecting members, prevents the bulging outward CA 0221~939 1997-09-19 of the interconnected elern~nt.c once the concrete which is poured into the formwork.
It will be appreciated that the connecting member 8 acts not only to hold the facing el~mFntc 5, 7 and 4, 6 a certain distance from one another, but also to secure laterally adjac~nt elements 4, 5 and 6, 7 in edge to edge relationship to one another.
Once one connecting member is slidingly engaged with a first set of four clF.~ another connPcting m~mber can be slid into engagement with the eng~ing means on the end of the elements opposite the connecting member which is already installed. Thus a wall of formwork is gradually erected. Since the 10 P~m~nt between the connecting members and the elements is a sliding one, the formwork or any given connecting member can be (ii~sembled easily, provided the concrete has not been poured.
As noted above, the connecting member 8 is provided with ribs 18. Ribs 18 15 are spaced from one another a sufficient distance to ensure a ...i..;....~... of impedance to the flow of concrete through the central portion 23.
The spaced ribs 18 also allow the introduction in the spaces (24, 25, 26) of r~olc~lg rods to extend along the lateral length of the wall, for example between 20 connecting elements 8, 11. The reinforcing rods may in fact be disposed in any orientation within the plane of the concrete wall, with the only limit~tion being the ~oxist~nce of a linear arr~ngem~nt of spaces between the ribs 18 of adjacent members along the pathway to be followed by the reinforcing rod. Thus the rods may be aTranged either hol~o~ lly or diagonally according to the regularity and spacing of 25 the ribs in adjacent connecting members.
It is possible according to the invention to erect only one side or face of the formwork by connecting the connecting members to a plurality of elements but CA 0221F,939 1997-09-l9 leaving the opposite edge of the connecting members free. With ~,opl,ate bracingof the resl-lting structure it is then possible to install reinforcing rods in the pathways defined by successive spaces between the ribs of the connecting members. As onlyone side of the formwork will have been erected, the overall pattern of r~infolcil~g rods is visible from the open side of the formwork allowing an evaluation of the5 suitability of the reinforcing scheme. Once the reinforcing rods are sati~f~ctorily installed, the complement~ry side of the formwork may be erected by sliding a plurality of elements into the eng~ing means on the free edges of the connectingmembers.
Anchors 48, 49 may also be provided which project inwardly of the surface 50 of the element as shown in Figure 11 so as to engage the concrete after it is poured and in order to provide additional rigidity to the structure.
An advantage of the assembly according to the invention that if a thick layer 15 of insulation 3 is provided on the inner surface of the element 1 it is possible to provide cut outs in the form and the in~ tion to provide a cavity for the in.ct~ tion of electrical boxes and the like. Even after the concrete hardens in the form, it would still be possible, if necess&~y, to cut out a portion of the element 1 and its associated portion of insulation to provide the necessary cavity.
The extern~l appearance of a course of elements joined by connecting mPmhers will be a row of abuthng columns as may be appreciated by considering the overall view offered by Figure 1. However, in some cases, it will be desirable to present a flat exterior or interior surface to the wall. This may be achieved with 25 çl~m~nh as described herein by the use of an elongated gap fini~hing piece 13, seen in Figure 1 and illustrated more particularly in Figure 9. The gap finishing piece 13 consists of a subst~nti~lly flat surface 17 and a projection 27 exten-lin~ from the flat surface 17. The gap fini~hing piece can be positioned to cover the gap 29 created by - CA 0221~939 1997-09-l9 the walls 31, 32 of adjacent elements.
The projection 27 of the gap fini~hin~ piece 13 is provided with an arrowhead shaped end 33. In order to retain the gap finichinE piece 13 in place over the gap 29, a di~erelll embodiment of a connecting member from that described 5 above is used, as illustrated in Figures 5 and 6, although such member may be incorporated in the formwork assembly as seen in Figure 1. F.xt~n~linE directly oulw~d from each edge 34,35 of the member 36 there are provided enEaEinE means 37, 38 con~isting of sockets in the pl~r~ d embodiment. Such a connecting element 36 is also illustrated in Figure 1. The sockets 37, 38 and the arrowhead shaped end 10 33 of the projection 27 are sized to cooperate with one another in a ball and socket type of connection. The gap fini~hinE piece 13 may therefore be retained to cover the gap 29 by applying pressure so as to insert the end 33 into the socket 37 or 38.
Another embodiment of a connecting member (42) is illustrated in Figure 7. Such an embodiment includes eng~Ein~ means 39, 40 at one side only of connecting member 42. The central portion of the connecting member is also continuous and substantially planar to the edges of the member. As a result, theconnecting member 42 can be used to close the end of a course of elements as at 43 in Figure 1.
It will be appreciated that various complement~ry components may also be used in association with the components described above but which have not been described in detail. For example, curved piece 44 (which may be flexible) may beused to define a curve in the wall, and flat piece 45 having angled en~gin~ means 46, 47 as illustrated in Figure 10 may be used to negotiate corners and other changes in direction in the wall structure.
While the ~n~~in~ means of the p~ ed embodiment have been described in some detail, variations on the specific structure of the eng~ging means may be practised within the scope of the invention, provided there is a sliding engagement between the cooperating çn~qging means of the elements and the connecting members to enable the easy erection of the formwork.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that other variations of the ~lcfcllcd embodiment may also be practised without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. Modular formwork assembly for casting concrete to form vertical structures, characterized by:
a plurality of elongated elements (1) each having a surface extending from one longitudinal edge (10) of the elongated element to the opposite longitudinal edge (10) of the elongated element (1) so as to define a cross section having an inner surface and an outer surface and wherein the longitudinal edges are provided with engaging means (12, 14) extending substantially along the length of the longitudinal edges for releasably interconnecting the elongated element (1) with a connecting member (8);
a plurality of elongated connecting members (8) each comprising a central portion (23) defined between a first and an opposite longitudinal edges (19, 21) of the connecting member (8), a plurality of ribs (18) extending between the longitudinal edges (19, 21) along the length of the connecting member (8) and being spaced a distance from one another sufficient to enable the flow of concrete through the central portion (23), and wherein each of the longitudinal edges (19, 21) of the connecting member (8) is provided with engaging means (20, 22) adapted to cooperate in engagement with the engaging means (12, 14) of each of a pair of said elongated elements (1) when said elongated elements (1) are presented in edge to edge relationship for connection about opposing sides of the engaging means of the connecting member (8);
whereby the connecting member (8) is adapted to engage simultaneously each of a first pair of said elongated elements (1) in edge to edge relationship about one edge of the connecting member (8) and each of a second pair of said elongated elements (1) presented in edge to edge relationship about the opposite edge of the connecting member (1);
said modular formwork assembly being characterized in that:
said engaging means (20, 22) of said connecting member (8) are adapted to cooperate in longitudinal sliding engagement with said engaging means ( 12, 12~
14) of said elongated elements (1), whereby engagement between said connecting member engaging means (20, 22) and said elongated element engaging means (12, 14) is achieved by sliding one into another, and;
said cross section of said surface extending from one longitudinal edge (10) to the opposite longitudinal edge (10) of the elongated elements (1) is generally concave.
a plurality of elongated elements (1) each having a surface extending from one longitudinal edge (10) of the elongated element to the opposite longitudinal edge (10) of the elongated element (1) so as to define a cross section having an inner surface and an outer surface and wherein the longitudinal edges are provided with engaging means (12, 14) extending substantially along the length of the longitudinal edges for releasably interconnecting the elongated element (1) with a connecting member (8);
a plurality of elongated connecting members (8) each comprising a central portion (23) defined between a first and an opposite longitudinal edges (19, 21) of the connecting member (8), a plurality of ribs (18) extending between the longitudinal edges (19, 21) along the length of the connecting member (8) and being spaced a distance from one another sufficient to enable the flow of concrete through the central portion (23), and wherein each of the longitudinal edges (19, 21) of the connecting member (8) is provided with engaging means (20, 22) adapted to cooperate in engagement with the engaging means (12, 14) of each of a pair of said elongated elements (1) when said elongated elements (1) are presented in edge to edge relationship for connection about opposing sides of the engaging means of the connecting member (8);
whereby the connecting member (8) is adapted to engage simultaneously each of a first pair of said elongated elements (1) in edge to edge relationship about one edge of the connecting member (8) and each of a second pair of said elongated elements (1) presented in edge to edge relationship about the opposite edge of the connecting member (1);
said modular formwork assembly being characterized in that:
said engaging means (20, 22) of said connecting member (8) are adapted to cooperate in longitudinal sliding engagement with said engaging means ( 12, 12~
14) of said elongated elements (1), whereby engagement between said connecting member engaging means (20, 22) and said elongated element engaging means (12, 14) is achieved by sliding one into another, and;
said cross section of said surface extending from one longitudinal edge (10) to the opposite longitudinal edge (10) of the elongated elements (1) is generally concave.
2. Modular formwork assembly for casting concrete to form vertical structures comprising:
a plurality of elongated elements (1) each having a surface extending from one longitudinal edge (9) of the elongated element (1) to the opposite longitudinal edge (10) of the elongated element (1) and wherein the longitudinal edges (9, 10) are provided with engaging means (12, 14) extending substantially along the length of the longitudinal edges (9, 10) for releasably interconnecting the elongated element (1) with an elongated connecting member (42);
a plurality of elongated connecting members (42) each comprising a continuous planar portion (41) extending between a first longitudinal edge of the connecting member and an opposite longitudinal edge of the connecting member (42) and having at least one opening therein, wherein the longitudinal edges on one side of the connecting member are provided with engaging means (39, 40) and wherein the longitudinal edges on the opposite side of the connecting member (42) present a flat surface which is substantially continuous with said planar portion (41);
said modular formwork assembly being characterized in that:
each of said engaging means (39, 40) of said connecting member (42) is adapted to cooperate in longitudinal sliding engagement with the engaging means (12) on a single one of said elongated elements (1), and the cross section of said surface extending from one longitudinal edge (9) to the opposite longitudinal edge (10) of the elongated elements (1) is generally concave.
a plurality of elongated elements (1) each having a surface extending from one longitudinal edge (9) of the elongated element (1) to the opposite longitudinal edge (10) of the elongated element (1) and wherein the longitudinal edges (9, 10) are provided with engaging means (12, 14) extending substantially along the length of the longitudinal edges (9, 10) for releasably interconnecting the elongated element (1) with an elongated connecting member (42);
a plurality of elongated connecting members (42) each comprising a continuous planar portion (41) extending between a first longitudinal edge of the connecting member and an opposite longitudinal edge of the connecting member (42) and having at least one opening therein, wherein the longitudinal edges on one side of the connecting member are provided with engaging means (39, 40) and wherein the longitudinal edges on the opposite side of the connecting member (42) present a flat surface which is substantially continuous with said planar portion (41);
said modular formwork assembly being characterized in that:
each of said engaging means (39, 40) of said connecting member (42) is adapted to cooperate in longitudinal sliding engagement with the engaging means (12) on a single one of said elongated elements (1), and the cross section of said surface extending from one longitudinal edge (9) to the opposite longitudinal edge (10) of the elongated elements (1) is generally concave.
3. The modular formwork assembly of claim 1 or 2 further characterized by said elements (1) being provided with inward projections (48, 49) from the surface thereof whereby to anchor the element to concrete poured into the formwork created by interconnecting a plurality of said elements.
4. The modular formwork assembly of claim 1 or 2 further characterized by said elements (1) being provided with insulating material (3) on the inner surface of the element.
5. The modular formwork assembly of claim 1 further characterized by the connecting member (36) further including engaging means (37, 38) extending from at least one longitudinal edge (34, 35) of said member (36) in the direction of the plane of said central portion and being adapted to cooperate in sliding engagement with a gap finishing piece (13), and by said assembly including an elongated gap finishing piece (13) comprising a substantially flat surface (17), a projection (27) extending from said flat surface, and engaging means at the end of said projection wherein the engaging means (33) are adapted to be inserted by pressure into engagement with said engaging means (37, 38).
6. A method of assembling the modular formwork assembly of claim 1 characterized by the steps of:
erecting a single side of a formwork wall by providing a plurality of connecting members (8) wherein the engaging means (20, 22) on a single, common side of said plurality of connecting members are engaged in the engaging means (12, 14) of a plurality of said elements (1) so as to retain the plurality of elements (1) in edge to edge relationship;
installing reinforcing rods in the spaces (25) between said ribs (18) of said connecting members (8); and, installing a plurality of said elements (1) in edge to edge relationship in engagement with the engaging means (8) on an opposite side of said connecting members whereby to complete a second side of said formwork wall.
erecting a single side of a formwork wall by providing a plurality of connecting members (8) wherein the engaging means (20, 22) on a single, common side of said plurality of connecting members are engaged in the engaging means (12, 14) of a plurality of said elements (1) so as to retain the plurality of elements (1) in edge to edge relationship;
installing reinforcing rods in the spaces (25) between said ribs (18) of said connecting members (8); and, installing a plurality of said elements (1) in edge to edge relationship in engagement with the engaging means (8) on an opposite side of said connecting members whereby to complete a second side of said formwork wall.
7. A modular formwork assembly as in Claim 1 further characterized in that the connecting member (36) further includes engaging means (37, 38) extending from at least one longitudinal edge of the said member in the direction of the plane of said central portion.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/CA1995/000281 WO1996035845A1 (en) | 1995-05-11 | 1995-05-11 | Interconnectable formwork elements |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2215939C true CA2215939C (en) | 1999-08-24 |
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ID=4173080
Family Applications (1)
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| CA002215939A Expired - Lifetime CA2215939C (en) | 1995-05-11 | 1995-05-11 | Interconnectable formwork elements |
Country Status (17)
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| US (1) | US6219984B1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0830484B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP3618758B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR100267183B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE223545T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU694516B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9510578A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2215939C (en) |
| CZ (1) | CZ355497A3 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69528082T2 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK0830484T3 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2182901T3 (en) |
| HU (1) | HUT78118A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO975161L (en) |
| PL (1) | PL180535B1 (en) |
| UA (1) | UA49829C2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1996035845A1 (en) |
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| WO2001063066A1 (en) | 2000-02-23 | 2001-08-30 | Francesco Piccone | Formwork for creating columns and curved walls |
| WO2003006760A1 (en) | 2001-07-10 | 2003-01-23 | Francesco Piccone | Formwork connecting member |
| US8458969B2 (en) | 2008-01-21 | 2013-06-11 | Cfs Concrete Forming Systems Inc. | Stay-in-place form systems for form-work edges, windows and other building openings |
| US8458985B2 (en) | 2007-04-02 | 2013-06-11 | Cfs Concrete Forming Systems Inc. | Fastener-receiving components for use in concrete structures |
| US8555590B2 (en) | 2007-11-09 | 2013-10-15 | Cfs Concrete Forming Systems Inc. | Pivotally activated connector components for form-work systems and methods for use of same |
| US8793953B2 (en) | 2009-02-18 | 2014-08-05 | Cfs Concrete Forming Systems Inc. | Clip-on connection system for stay-in-place form-work |
| US8943774B2 (en) | 2009-04-27 | 2015-02-03 | Cfs Concrete Forming Systems Inc. | Methods and apparatus for restoring, repairing, reinforcing and/or protecting structures using concrete |
| US9206614B2 (en) | 2011-11-24 | 2015-12-08 | Cfs Concrete Forming Systems Inc. | Stay-in-place formwork with engaging and abutting connections |
| US9273479B2 (en) | 2009-01-07 | 2016-03-01 | Cfs Concrete Forming Systems Inc. | Methods and apparatus for restoring, repairing, reinforcing and/or protecting structures using concrete |
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- 1995-05-11 HU HU9902603A patent/HUT78118A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1995-05-11 DE DE69528082T patent/DE69528082T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-05-11 UA UA97115393A patent/UA49829C2/en unknown
- 1995-05-11 AT AT95917868T patent/ATE223545T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-05-11 CA CA002215939A patent/CA2215939C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-05-11 ES ES95917868T patent/ES2182901T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-05-11 BR BR9510578A patent/BR9510578A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-05-11 WO PCT/CA1995/000281 patent/WO1996035845A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1995-05-11 KR KR1019970707147A patent/KR100267183B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-05-11 US US08/952,594 patent/US6219984B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-05-11 AU AU24040/95A patent/AU694516B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1995-05-11 JP JP53361896A patent/JP3618758B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-05-11 EP EP95917868A patent/EP0830484B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-05-11 PL PL95323309A patent/PL180535B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-05-11 DK DK95917868T patent/DK0830484T3/en active
- 1995-05-11 CZ CZ973554A patent/CZ355497A3/en unknown
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2182901T3 (en) | 2003-03-16 |
| US6219984B1 (en) | 2001-04-24 |
| ATE223545T1 (en) | 2002-09-15 |
| DE69528082D1 (en) | 2002-10-10 |
| PL323309A1 (en) | 1998-03-16 |
| EP0830484B1 (en) | 2002-09-04 |
| KR19980703747A (en) | 1998-12-05 |
| NO975161D0 (en) | 1997-11-10 |
| HUT78118A (en) | 1999-12-28 |
| DE69528082T2 (en) | 2003-06-05 |
| EP0830484A1 (en) | 1998-03-25 |
| JPH11504999A (en) | 1999-05-11 |
| CZ355497A3 (en) | 1998-06-17 |
| AU2404095A (en) | 1996-11-29 |
| NO975161L (en) | 1998-01-09 |
| KR100267183B1 (en) | 2000-10-16 |
| PL180535B1 (en) | 2001-02-28 |
| JP3618758B2 (en) | 2005-02-09 |
| BR9510578A (en) | 1999-01-05 |
| AU694516B2 (en) | 1998-07-23 |
| MX9707488A (en) | 1997-11-29 |
| UA49829C2 (en) | 2002-10-15 |
| DK0830484T3 (en) | 2003-01-06 |
| WO1996035845A1 (en) | 1996-11-14 |
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