CA2122354C - Dental materials and process utilizing glass fiber - Google Patents
Dental materials and process utilizing glass fiberInfo
- Publication number
- CA2122354C CA2122354C CA002122354A CA2122354A CA2122354C CA 2122354 C CA2122354 C CA 2122354C CA 002122354 A CA002122354 A CA 002122354A CA 2122354 A CA2122354 A CA 2122354A CA 2122354 C CA2122354 C CA 2122354C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- accordance
- glass fiber
- gamma
- resin
- silane
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C5/00—Filling or capping teeth
- A61C5/007—Dental splints; teeth or jaw immobilisation devices; stabilizing retainers bonded to teeth after orthodontic treatments
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C13/00—Dental prostheses; Making same
- A61C13/225—Fastening prostheses in the mouth
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K6/00—Preparations for dentistry
- A61K6/80—Preparations for artificial teeth, for filling teeth or for capping teeth
- A61K6/884—Preparations for artificial teeth, for filling teeth or for capping teeth comprising natural or synthetic resins
- A61K6/887—Compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K6/00—Preparations for dentistry
- A61K6/70—Preparations for dentistry comprising inorganic additives
- A61K6/71—Fillers
- A61K6/77—Glass
Abstract
The composite resin reinforcement system for use in dental operations provides improved strength by the use of etched glass fiber material which is then silanated with an organo-functional silane and utilized in a composite resin (18) in the dental operation. The glass fiber material may by uniform (10) or random mesh (12), rope (14), thread or other suitable shapes. The etched silanated glass fiber material is utilized in the composite resin (18) for restoring and/or splinting teeth.
Description
WO 93/08760 PClr/lJS91/08048 212 2 ~
Dental ~aterials And Proce8s Utl1~7ln~ Glass Fiber B~C~RO~D O~ T~ V~TIO~
Tbe pre~ent in~entlon ~elate~ to an improYement in the ~ield o~ prosthetic dent4~try and more partlcular-ly to the field of restor~tive ~nd splintlng operation~
in ~he ~ie~d o~ dentistry u~ing varisus re~in~t Use of various compo~ite resln~ in ~enti8try to restsre one or more tQeth and to i~proYe the cosmetic appearance of the teeth has been known ~or 80me time and ha~ been finding greater use in denti~try~
~owever, the use of compo~ite re~ln~, such ~8 macrof ill8 and micro~111s in denti~try have h~d ~ome drawbacks ~uch as an inability to handle stress in particular cases, for example ~uch as in cant~le~ering and in the case of bruser~. ~owever, recently, an attempt has been made to el~minate the shortcom~ng~ of the use of composite re~lns by reinfsrcing the compo~ite re~ln with a ~ilk fabric~ See Golub, The Sllk Wrau ~echnique For ComPo~ite Bondinq, Tbe New York State Dental Journal, May 1987, Volume 53, No. 5, pp. 28-29, and U.S. patents 4,728,291-Golub and 4,799,888-Golub.
However, applicant herein has invented a new a~d improved compo~ite re~in r~inPorcement ~ystem for use ~n dental operation~ whicb provides improved streng$h . characteristics.
S~ARY 0~ T~ INn~TIo~
Briefly and basically, in accordance with the pre~ent invention,~applicant bas invented a new and improved means for rein~orcing compo~ite r~sin systems : for restoring and/or ~plinting teeth which utilizes an WO 93/08760 Pcr/US9t/O8o4*
rj I
etched glass fiber materizl which is treated with an organo-functi~nal silane. The etched glass ~iber material is preferably etched with an ac~d ~uch as hydro~1uoric acid or 1.23~ acidulated pho~phate fluoride, although any other ~uitable etchant may be utilized which will be e~fectiYe in ~tching gla88 and particularly glasq fiber material.
The gla~ fiber material may preferably be a uniform mesh, a random mesh or a rope or thread type material which may be utilized in dental operation~ as described hereinafter. Of cour~e, other ~ultable forms of glass fiber material may be utllized in the particu-lar dental appllcation. Such glas~ ~iber products are commercially available under the FIBE~GLAS trademark of Owens-Corning Corp. a8 well as from others. Any of a number of organo-functional sllanes may be utilized to act as coupling agents between ~he glass flber material and the composlte resln. The ~ormation of ~ chemical bridge between the coupling agents and a glass substrate requ~res both a reactive silane and a reactlve site on the glass surface. In fiber glas~ reinforcement, the reactive site~ are the silanols on the glass surface.
The silane coupl~ng agent~ react with these surface silanols through~hydrolyzable groups bonded to the ~ilicon atom of thé coupling agent molecule. ~hese reactive groups~can be -08, -Cl, -OR, -OAc or -NR2.
Some of the organo-functional 6ilane~ which may be utillzed in practicing the in~ention include Vinyltrichlorosilane, Vinyltriethoxysilane, Vinyl-tris(~~~-methoxyethoxy)silane, qamma-Methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, beta-~3,4 -Epoxycyclohexyl)-ethyltrimethoxysilane, qamma-Glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, qamma-Aminopropyltri-ethoxysilane,~and N-beta-(aminoethyl)-qamma-aminopropyl-trimethoxysilane, a~ well as variou~ commercially b; ~ t i ~ . ~ ~_ wos3/os76n PCT/US91/08 ~
, .. ., .~
212235~
ava~lable silane coupling agent~ ~old primarily to dentist~ under variou~ trademark~
In accordance with tbe pre~ent inventlon, the proces~ of the present invention may be carried out for re~t~ring or sta~ilizing one or more teeth aompri~ing the 8tep8 of etching a ~aterial comprised o~ a gla~s ~iber with an etchant, applying an organo-~unctional silane to the etched mate~ial and reGonstructing or stabilizing one or ~ore teeth uti~lzing the etch~d ~ilanated glae~ ~iber e~bedded in a resin. ~he re~in may be any one o~ the v~riou~ csmpo~ite resin~ well known in,the art o~ denti~try a~ selected by the denti~t. As described abo~e, the etching iz commonly done by hydrofluoric acld or 1.23~ acldulated phosphate fluorlde, which i8 al80 believed to per~orm the etching tbrough the l'ormation of hyd~ofluoric acld. A~
described more fully herelnafter, variou~ type6 of me~h or woven thre~d or rope may be utilixed to recon~truct tootb susface~, reconstsuct mi~ing teeth, create bridge~, enable orthodontic application~ and/or perform various types of spllnting, including po~t ortho-dontic. For example, in gome ca~e~ a gla~ fiber me~h~
or r,ope embedded in a resin may be utillzed to create a ' perlodontal splint. 8uch splinting may be done by embedaing th~ etched gla~ fiber material in a resin along the ~urface of the teeth or by creating a cbannel in tbe ~namel:of a series of teeth through wh$ch the glas~ fiber rope i~ embedded with the composite re~in.
In other ca~e~, a mi~ing tootb~may be replaced by utilizing an etched ~ilanated glasg rope e~bedded in the teeth adjacent to the space of the mi~ing tooth, whicb etched ~ilanated gla~s fiber rope may be either ~traight or curved, and whicb i then utilized as the ba~e on which a tooth replica may be formed from a composite resin by appropriate shaping. Such creation of a mi~sing tooth may be either in the anterior or .
wo g3/08760 Pcr/uS9t/08o48 ~ 1 2 2 ~ 5~ _4~
po~terior portion of the mouth and such periodontal ~plinting may be performed in the anterior or posterior portion of the mouth betw~en teeth not re~uiring ~uch periodontal ~plinting.
~RIBF ~ 0~ OP T~ D~AWI~G~
For the pwrpo~e o~ lllu~trating the inventlon, there are shown in the dr~wing~ ~orm~ which are 1~ presently pre~erreds lt being under~tood, howeve~, that this inv~ntion 1B not llmlted to the precise arranye-ments and in~trument~ shown.
~ igure 1 is a plan view of a uniform me~h comprised of glas~ flber mate~lal which may be u~llized in practiclng the pre~e~t in~entlon.
Figure 2 is a plan view o~ a random mesh comprised of glass fiber ~aterial which may be utilized in practicing the p~eBent in~ention.
Figure 3 is a plan view of a woven thread or rope 20 comprised of gla~s fiber m~terial which may be utilized in practic~ng tbe present lnvention.
Figure 4 i8 an elevation view of periodontal splinting utilizlng glass ~iber uniform mesh applied to mandibular anterior teeth illustrating one of~~any possible u~es of the prese~t invention in th~ practice of dentistry~
Figure S is an elevation view of periodontal ~plinting utilizing gIass fiber random mefih applied to mandibular anterior teeth illustrat~ng one of many pos~ible u~es of the preEent invention in the practice of dentistry. -: Figure 6 i~ a view in per~pective of periodontal ~plinting utilizing gla~s fiber rope ~pplied to po~terior teeth illustrating one of many possible u~es o~ the present invention in the practice of dentistry.
' W093/087~ PCT/US91/08 ~
; .
- ~5~ 2 1 2 Figures 7, 8 and 9 are view~ in elevation of steps in the p~oaes~ of a posterior tooth replacement utilizing a gla~6 fiber rope as an illustration of anotber po~sible use in denti~try o~ the present invention.
Figures lO and ll are elevation view~ of maxillary anterior teeth illustrating ~t~p6 in a tooth replacement ut~lizing a unlform gla~s ~ibar me~h in accordance with the pre~ent inventl~n and illustrating another posslble use wherein ~igure lO ~ a lingual view and Figure ll i8 ~ labial ~iew.
Flgure 12 18 ~n elevatlon ~iew of ~axlllary anterior teeth utillzing gl~ flber rope ln ortho-dontic retention and po~t tre~t~ent ~tabilization to lS illustrate another po~slble one of many uses of the present ~nvention in dentistry.
DETAI~D DBSCRIPS~O~ OF T~B PR~F~BD B~BODT~T8 The present ln-ention i8 directed to a new i~pro~ed ~eans and ~ethod f~r relnforcing compo61te re~in ~ystems for re6toring and/or splinting teeth whlch utilizes gla~s~fiSer material, sometimes referred to a8 FIBERGLAS, whicb i~ a trademark of Owen~-Corning Corp. In aacordance with the present invention, the glass fiber material may be in any form, and iB
commonly ava~llable and utilized ln the form of a uniform mesh, a random mesh and thread or rope forms.
The glass~fibqr material is a strong material whick provides s1gnif~icant~1mprovement in the ~trengtb of the ' reinforced compos~1te re~in.
In order to ~nh-nce the bonding o~ the fiber glas~ to the compo~ite resin, the fiber glass material first etched and tben treated with an organo-functional siIane prior to the application of the composite resin. The;etched fiber glass i8 preferably ': ' WO 93/08760 PCI'/USgt/lD8048 ~ ,., etched with an acid, ~uch as hydrofluoric acid or 1.23 acidulated pho~phate fluoride ~APF)~ The csmpo~ite re~in may be any o~ the well known compoEite re~ins currently being utilized in the practice o~ dentistry today including tho~e known a~ microfill, macro~ill and hybrid resin~l and th~se are well k~own in thi~ art.
For example, see Reality/Tbe info~m~tion ~ouxc~ ~or esthet~c den~i~trY, Reality Publi~hing Company, 1989.
The etching o~ the fiber gla~ produces a roughened or barbed ~ur~ace on the gla8~ ~ibers, which may be obser~ed under the microscope. A~ter the etching i~ completed, any ~uitabl~ organo-functional silane may be utilized which i8 capable o~ enhancing the bonding between the glass ~iber material and the composite resins~ A number of the~e are known and example~ of the~e include tbe following:
Vinyltrichlor~silane, Vinyltriethoxysllane, vlnyl-~Ei~
~~~-methoxyetboxy)~ilane, gamm~-Methacryloxypropyltri-methoxysilane, beta-~3,4 - Epo~yc~clohexyl)-ethyltri-methoxysilane, ~amma-Glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, qamma-Aminopropyltriethoxysllane, and N-pëta-(aminoethyl) -~amma-aminopropyltrimetboxy6ilane and commercially available silane coupling agents commo~ly utilized in dentist' B of~iceR lncluding Scotchprlme sold by the 3M
Company, Clearfil Porcelain Bond sold by J.
Morita/Kuraray, Porcelain Primer ~old by Kerr, CerinatePrime sold by Den-Mat, Chameleon Bond Enhancer ~old by Chameleon, Fusion sold by George Taub ~roducts and Fusion Co., PVS Porcelain Bond sold by Cercom, Silan~t sold by Vivadent and Symphony Silane Bond sold by Dental Arts Laboratory. The foregoing commercially available ~ilanes are li~ted in Rea~ity/The in~ormation source for esthetic denti trY on page~ 80 and 81, supra. In summary, any suitable organo-functional ~ilane coupling agent may be utilized in the practice of the pre~ent invention.
WO 93/08760 P~/US91/08048 21223~
The p~ e~ent invention may be utilized in numerou~
application6 in the practice of denti~try, including periodontal splinting/ too~h replacement, tooth stabilization, etc. All of the6e wlll not be de~cribed herein, a6 such dental operation~ are well known to tho~e practiclng dentistry, i.e. tho~e skilled in the art. ~ow~er, an illustration o~ a ~ew of the pos~ible uses will be illustr~ted herein ln connection wlth the drawing figures. The operatlone and the ~pecific detail of the actual pr~ctice o~ dentist~y will not ~e repeated herein as they are well known.
Referrlng now to the drawlng6 whereln llke numerals indlcate like element~, there i~ shown in Figure 1 a unlform mesh 10 whlch iB comprised of a gla~8 fiber material. Figure 2 lllu~trates a random mesh 12 comprised o~ a gla~s fiber material. There~ i~
lllustr~ted in Figure 3, a wo~en rope or thread 14 whicb 1B comprised of a gla~s ~1ber material. ~eshes 10 and 12 and rope or thread 14 are all comprised o~
gl~ss flber material, wbich 18 well known. These are commercially available under the trademark FIBERGLAS of Owens Corning Corp. aDd from otber ~upplier~ In each~
case, the flber glass materlal wou~d be etched with an acid sucb as hydrofluorlc acld or APF.
2S ~eferring now to Figure 4, there i8 illustrated periodontal splinting of mandibular anterior teeth utilizing a uniform glas~ ~iber ~esh 16 whicb ha~ been etched and treated with an organo-functional silane and ~ embedded withiin a composite resin 18. As de~crlbed previou61y, the gla88 fiber mesh 16 may be etched with an acid, preferably hydrofIuoric acid or APF, although it is under tood that any other acid may be utilized whiah i~ effective in etching glas~ fiber~. The periodontal splinting as shown in Figure 4 is utilized to treat mobile teeth which have lost bone support ' and/or whicb have been traumatized. A~ illu~trated in W~93/08760 PCT/USg1/08 ~
~ l 2 ~ 8-. < --Figure 4, the etched ~ilanated glass fiber me~h 16 may be Qmbedded in a ccmposite re~in 18 bonding together aanines ~0 and 22 and mandibular inci~or~ 24.
Figure 5 illu~trates a substantially ~imilax application of the present invention whereln a random glas~ me~h or rope 26 compriaed of ~lans ~iber iB
etched, ~ilanated and ~mbedded in a composite re~in 28 as a pe~iodontal ~plint o~ tbe anterior mandibular teeth.
Figuee 6 lllustrate~ anotber u8e of the pre~ent invention in the practice o~ denti~try in the form of periodontal spllnting of the po~terior teeth. A~
illustxated in Figure 6, a ~hannel 30 i~ prepared in the occlusal surf~ce~ of the pos~erior teeth by well known dental operat~on~. ~ rope 32 compris~d o~ glass fiber material whi~h ba~ been etched wlth an acid, such as hydrofluoric acid, and treated with an or~ano-functional silane as de~cribed above, i~ lnserted into the channel and bonded to the tooth by one of the su~table well known composite re~lns.
Figures 7, 8 and 9 illustrate an application of the present invention in posterior tooth replacement wherein the pre~ent invention may be util~zed to produce a bridge for a m~sing tooth. As illustrated in Figure 7, ~hannels 34 and 36 msy be prepared in the occ~usal ~urfAoes of teeth 38 and 40, reepectively, which are lmmediately ad~acent to tbe mi~sing tooth. A
channel may be cut into the enamel of the tooth in a well known manner. The surface of the channel in the tooth may be etched with pho~phoric acidjand tooth !
adhe~ive u~ed to bond etched, sllanated, mesh or rope fiber gla~s in the ch~nnel to form a bridge through the space of the mis~ing~tooth. This may be provided with a fold 42 in mesh 44~as illu~trated in Figure 7 or more directly bridging tbe missing tooth ~pace as ~hown at 46 with fiber glass rope 48 in Figure 8.
Figure 9 illustrates a tooth replica or replace-W093/08760 PCT/US91/0~
2I 223~
ment ~artificial) tooth formed on etched, 6ilanated fiber glass mesh 44. Alternatively, tooth 50 could be formed on the etched silanated glas~ fiber rope 48.
Tbe etched silanated gla#6 ~upport of fiber glas6 me~h 44 or rope 48 provldes a strong and ~turdy base for holding the formed too~h ~eplacement in place.
Referring now to Flgures 10 and 11, there i~
~hown still another one of the many po~ible use6 of the pre~ent inventlon in the practlce of dentlstry in tbe form o~ an anterlor tooth replacement. In a s~ilar manner, cban~els ars prepared ln teeth 52 and 53 whlch are lmmedlately ~d~acont the mi~slng tooth~
Channels are prepared ln ~ well known manne~. The teetb are tben etcbed wlth pho~phorlc acid, adhesive is placed ln tbe channel and the etched ~ nated fiber glass mesh 18 inserted lnto tho cbannel ~nd tbe adbesive~ This may be tack welded wltb res~n. The formation oS the replac-ment tooth 54 ig now built onto the aesh, polymerlzed and sbaped lnto the form of a tootb.
Figure 12 lllustrates still another one of the many posslble uses of the present invention ln the practice of dentl6try~ ~Flgure 12 lllu~trate~
~ndibular anterior teeth whereln orthodontlc retention and poBt treatment stablllzatlon are provided by an etobed, silanated glass~ flber rope or ~e~h affised to tbe etched teetb and eDbedded in the re~ln. No preparation, i.e. cuttlng and channeling, of the tooth is necjes6ary. iAsl~illustrated in Figure 12, tbe etched flber glass mesh or rope 56 is applied acros~ the canines and Dandibular'lnci~ors and embedded in one of the well known composite resins. Tbis process may al~o be applied~to the maxlllary~teeth.
As a specific example of one application of the present invention, a patient of mine was kicked by a ~' horse re~ulting in the loss of a mandibular right wos3/o876o PCT/US91~0~k~
2122~ o-central inci~or. I utilized fiber glass material in the form of a random mesh. I etched the ~iber gla~s mesh with a commercial form o~ hydro~luoric ac~d sold under th0 trademark PORCELETC~ by Co~medent, 5419 North Sheridan Road, Chicago, Illinols 60640. I treated the etched fiber glas6 wlth an organo-functional silane sold under the tr~demark SIhANATOR by Co~medent. I
selected and utilized a well known composlte resln sold under the trademark ULT~ABOND, whiah wa6 coated w~th a 8econd well known composlte re~ln ~old under the trademark VI~r~TAZE. Both the U~TRABOND and Vl~ r~ trademark product~ a~e available from Den-Mat Corp., 3130 Skyway Drlve, Santa Marla, Californla 93456. I was able to perform an esthetic and 8tructural restoratlon o~ the patient's tooth in 45 minutes wlth the re~ult belng a strong and structurally ~table tooth replacement.
In a second sltu~tlon, two lower incisor teeth had been lo~t to perlodont~l d~seaee and the remalnder Of the lower anterlor teetb were moblle. The patient re~u$red lmmediate replacement of the mis6ing teeth and stablllzation o~ tbe other~. ~iber glas~ ~aterlal ln the form of a unlform me~h wa~ utlllzed. The fiber glass mesh ~as etcbed wlth a commerc$ally avallable brand of bydrofluorlc acld sold under the trademark PORCELETCH by Cosmedent.~ Tbe fiber gla~ mesh wa~
treated wlth a commercially avallable organo-functional silane sold under the trademark SILANA~OR by Cosmedent. I selectedla~well known macrofill composite resin ULTRABOND which is available from Den-Mat Corp., which was then lamlnated wlth a mic~ofill composite resin sold commercially under the trademark D~RAF~L by ; ~ulzer Corporatlon, 10005 Muirland6 Boulevard, Irvine, ; California 92718,;which provided improved esthetics.
~; 35 This procedure produced a structurally ~uperior esthetic replacement and the ~tabilized teeth exhibited WOg3/08760 PCT/US9t/OX~
21223,~
no mobility.
In view of the above, the present invention may be embodied in otber ~pecific form~ without departing from the spirit or es~ential attributes thereof and, accordingly, re~erence ~hould be made to the appended clai~8 ~ rather tban to the ~oregoing ~pecification a~
lndicatlng the scope of the inventlon.
: ;
.
:
: 25 .
, !
. ~ ~
, : :
~ 35
Dental ~aterials And Proce8s Utl1~7ln~ Glass Fiber B~C~RO~D O~ T~ V~TIO~
Tbe pre~ent in~entlon ~elate~ to an improYement in the ~ield o~ prosthetic dent4~try and more partlcular-ly to the field of restor~tive ~nd splintlng operation~
in ~he ~ie~d o~ dentistry u~ing varisus re~in~t Use of various compo~ite resln~ in ~enti8try to restsre one or more tQeth and to i~proYe the cosmetic appearance of the teeth has been known ~or 80me time and ha~ been finding greater use in denti~try~
~owever, the use of compo~ite re~ln~, such ~8 macrof ill8 and micro~111s in denti~try have h~d ~ome drawbacks ~uch as an inability to handle stress in particular cases, for example ~uch as in cant~le~ering and in the case of bruser~. ~owever, recently, an attempt has been made to el~minate the shortcom~ng~ of the use of composite re~lns by reinfsrcing the compo~ite re~ln with a ~ilk fabric~ See Golub, The Sllk Wrau ~echnique For ComPo~ite Bondinq, Tbe New York State Dental Journal, May 1987, Volume 53, No. 5, pp. 28-29, and U.S. patents 4,728,291-Golub and 4,799,888-Golub.
However, applicant herein has invented a new a~d improved compo~ite re~in r~inPorcement ~ystem for use ~n dental operation~ whicb provides improved streng$h . characteristics.
S~ARY 0~ T~ INn~TIo~
Briefly and basically, in accordance with the pre~ent invention,~applicant bas invented a new and improved means for rein~orcing compo~ite r~sin systems : for restoring and/or ~plinting teeth which utilizes an WO 93/08760 Pcr/US9t/O8o4*
rj I
etched glass fiber materizl which is treated with an organo-functi~nal silane. The etched glass ~iber material is preferably etched with an ac~d ~uch as hydro~1uoric acid or 1.23~ acidulated pho~phate fluoride, although any other ~uitable etchant may be utilized which will be e~fectiYe in ~tching gla88 and particularly glasq fiber material.
The gla~ fiber material may preferably be a uniform mesh, a random mesh or a rope or thread type material which may be utilized in dental operation~ as described hereinafter. Of cour~e, other ~ultable forms of glass fiber material may be utllized in the particu-lar dental appllcation. Such glas~ ~iber products are commercially available under the FIBE~GLAS trademark of Owens-Corning Corp. a8 well as from others. Any of a number of organo-functional sllanes may be utilized to act as coupling agents between ~he glass flber material and the composlte resln. The ~ormation of ~ chemical bridge between the coupling agents and a glass substrate requ~res both a reactive silane and a reactlve site on the glass surface. In fiber glas~ reinforcement, the reactive site~ are the silanols on the glass surface.
The silane coupl~ng agent~ react with these surface silanols through~hydrolyzable groups bonded to the ~ilicon atom of thé coupling agent molecule. ~hese reactive groups~can be -08, -Cl, -OR, -OAc or -NR2.
Some of the organo-functional 6ilane~ which may be utillzed in practicing the in~ention include Vinyltrichlorosilane, Vinyltriethoxysilane, Vinyl-tris(~~~-methoxyethoxy)silane, qamma-Methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, beta-~3,4 -Epoxycyclohexyl)-ethyltrimethoxysilane, qamma-Glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, qamma-Aminopropyltri-ethoxysilane,~and N-beta-(aminoethyl)-qamma-aminopropyl-trimethoxysilane, a~ well as variou~ commercially b; ~ t i ~ . ~ ~_ wos3/os76n PCT/US91/08 ~
, .. ., .~
212235~
ava~lable silane coupling agent~ ~old primarily to dentist~ under variou~ trademark~
In accordance with tbe pre~ent inventlon, the proces~ of the present invention may be carried out for re~t~ring or sta~ilizing one or more teeth aompri~ing the 8tep8 of etching a ~aterial comprised o~ a gla~s ~iber with an etchant, applying an organo-~unctional silane to the etched mate~ial and reGonstructing or stabilizing one or ~ore teeth uti~lzing the etch~d ~ilanated glae~ ~iber e~bedded in a resin. ~he re~in may be any one o~ the v~riou~ csmpo~ite resin~ well known in,the art o~ denti~try a~ selected by the denti~t. As described abo~e, the etching iz commonly done by hydrofluoric acld or 1.23~ acldulated phosphate fluorlde, which i8 al80 believed to per~orm the etching tbrough the l'ormation of hyd~ofluoric acld. A~
described more fully herelnafter, variou~ type6 of me~h or woven thre~d or rope may be utilixed to recon~truct tootb susface~, reconstsuct mi~ing teeth, create bridge~, enable orthodontic application~ and/or perform various types of spllnting, including po~t ortho-dontic. For example, in gome ca~e~ a gla~ fiber me~h~
or r,ope embedded in a resin may be utillzed to create a ' perlodontal splint. 8uch splinting may be done by embedaing th~ etched gla~ fiber material in a resin along the ~urface of the teeth or by creating a cbannel in tbe ~namel:of a series of teeth through wh$ch the glas~ fiber rope i~ embedded with the composite re~in.
In other ca~e~, a mi~ing tootb~may be replaced by utilizing an etched ~ilanated glasg rope e~bedded in the teeth adjacent to the space of the mi~ing tooth, whicb etched ~ilanated gla~s fiber rope may be either ~traight or curved, and whicb i then utilized as the ba~e on which a tooth replica may be formed from a composite resin by appropriate shaping. Such creation of a mi~sing tooth may be either in the anterior or .
wo g3/08760 Pcr/uS9t/08o48 ~ 1 2 2 ~ 5~ _4~
po~terior portion of the mouth and such periodontal ~plinting may be performed in the anterior or posterior portion of the mouth betw~en teeth not re~uiring ~uch periodontal ~plinting.
~RIBF ~ 0~ OP T~ D~AWI~G~
For the pwrpo~e o~ lllu~trating the inventlon, there are shown in the dr~wing~ ~orm~ which are 1~ presently pre~erreds lt being under~tood, howeve~, that this inv~ntion 1B not llmlted to the precise arranye-ments and in~trument~ shown.
~ igure 1 is a plan view of a uniform me~h comprised of glas~ flber mate~lal which may be u~llized in practiclng the pre~e~t in~entlon.
Figure 2 is a plan view o~ a random mesh comprised of glass fiber ~aterial which may be utilized in practicing the p~eBent in~ention.
Figure 3 is a plan view of a woven thread or rope 20 comprised of gla~s fiber m~terial which may be utilized in practic~ng tbe present lnvention.
Figure 4 i8 an elevation view of periodontal splinting utilizlng glass ~iber uniform mesh applied to mandibular anterior teeth illustrating one of~~any possible u~es of the prese~t invention in th~ practice of dentistry~
Figure S is an elevation view of periodontal ~plinting utilizing gIass fiber random mefih applied to mandibular anterior teeth illustrat~ng one of many pos~ible u~es of the preEent invention in the practice of dentistry. -: Figure 6 i~ a view in per~pective of periodontal ~plinting utilizing gla~s fiber rope ~pplied to po~terior teeth illustrating one of many possible u~es o~ the present invention in the practice of dentistry.
' W093/087~ PCT/US91/08 ~
; .
- ~5~ 2 1 2 Figures 7, 8 and 9 are view~ in elevation of steps in the p~oaes~ of a posterior tooth replacement utilizing a gla~6 fiber rope as an illustration of anotber po~sible use in denti~try o~ the present invention.
Figures lO and ll are elevation view~ of maxillary anterior teeth illustrating ~t~p6 in a tooth replacement ut~lizing a unlform gla~s ~ibar me~h in accordance with the pre~ent inventl~n and illustrating another posslble use wherein ~igure lO ~ a lingual view and Figure ll i8 ~ labial ~iew.
Flgure 12 18 ~n elevatlon ~iew of ~axlllary anterior teeth utillzing gl~ flber rope ln ortho-dontic retention and po~t tre~t~ent ~tabilization to lS illustrate another po~slble one of many uses of the present ~nvention in dentistry.
DETAI~D DBSCRIPS~O~ OF T~B PR~F~BD B~BODT~T8 The present ln-ention i8 directed to a new i~pro~ed ~eans and ~ethod f~r relnforcing compo61te re~in ~ystems for re6toring and/or splinting teeth whlch utilizes gla~s~fiSer material, sometimes referred to a8 FIBERGLAS, whicb i~ a trademark of Owen~-Corning Corp. In aacordance with the present invention, the glass fiber material may be in any form, and iB
commonly ava~llable and utilized ln the form of a uniform mesh, a random mesh and thread or rope forms.
The glass~fibqr material is a strong material whick provides s1gnif~icant~1mprovement in the ~trengtb of the ' reinforced compos~1te re~in.
In order to ~nh-nce the bonding o~ the fiber glas~ to the compo~ite resin, the fiber glass material first etched and tben treated with an organo-functional siIane prior to the application of the composite resin. The;etched fiber glass i8 preferably ': ' WO 93/08760 PCI'/USgt/lD8048 ~ ,., etched with an acid, ~uch as hydrofluoric acid or 1.23 acidulated pho~phate fluoride ~APF)~ The csmpo~ite re~in may be any o~ the well known compoEite re~ins currently being utilized in the practice o~ dentistry today including tho~e known a~ microfill, macro~ill and hybrid resin~l and th~se are well k~own in thi~ art.
For example, see Reality/Tbe info~m~tion ~ouxc~ ~or esthet~c den~i~trY, Reality Publi~hing Company, 1989.
The etching o~ the fiber gla~ produces a roughened or barbed ~ur~ace on the gla8~ ~ibers, which may be obser~ed under the microscope. A~ter the etching i~ completed, any ~uitabl~ organo-functional silane may be utilized which i8 capable o~ enhancing the bonding between the glass ~iber material and the composite resins~ A number of the~e are known and example~ of the~e include tbe following:
Vinyltrichlor~silane, Vinyltriethoxysllane, vlnyl-~Ei~
~~~-methoxyetboxy)~ilane, gamm~-Methacryloxypropyltri-methoxysilane, beta-~3,4 - Epo~yc~clohexyl)-ethyltri-methoxysilane, ~amma-Glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, qamma-Aminopropyltriethoxysllane, and N-pëta-(aminoethyl) -~amma-aminopropyltrimetboxy6ilane and commercially available silane coupling agents commo~ly utilized in dentist' B of~iceR lncluding Scotchprlme sold by the 3M
Company, Clearfil Porcelain Bond sold by J.
Morita/Kuraray, Porcelain Primer ~old by Kerr, CerinatePrime sold by Den-Mat, Chameleon Bond Enhancer ~old by Chameleon, Fusion sold by George Taub ~roducts and Fusion Co., PVS Porcelain Bond sold by Cercom, Silan~t sold by Vivadent and Symphony Silane Bond sold by Dental Arts Laboratory. The foregoing commercially available ~ilanes are li~ted in Rea~ity/The in~ormation source for esthetic denti trY on page~ 80 and 81, supra. In summary, any suitable organo-functional ~ilane coupling agent may be utilized in the practice of the pre~ent invention.
WO 93/08760 P~/US91/08048 21223~
The p~ e~ent invention may be utilized in numerou~
application6 in the practice of denti~try, including periodontal splinting/ too~h replacement, tooth stabilization, etc. All of the6e wlll not be de~cribed herein, a6 such dental operation~ are well known to tho~e practiclng dentistry, i.e. tho~e skilled in the art. ~ow~er, an illustration o~ a ~ew of the pos~ible uses will be illustr~ted herein ln connection wlth the drawing figures. The operatlone and the ~pecific detail of the actual pr~ctice o~ dentist~y will not ~e repeated herein as they are well known.
Referrlng now to the drawlng6 whereln llke numerals indlcate like element~, there i~ shown in Figure 1 a unlform mesh 10 whlch iB comprised of a gla~8 fiber material. Figure 2 lllu~trates a random mesh 12 comprised o~ a gla~s fiber material. There~ i~
lllustr~ted in Figure 3, a wo~en rope or thread 14 whicb 1B comprised of a gla~s ~1ber material. ~eshes 10 and 12 and rope or thread 14 are all comprised o~
gl~ss flber material, wbich 18 well known. These are commercially available under the trademark FIBERGLAS of Owens Corning Corp. aDd from otber ~upplier~ In each~
case, the flber glass materlal wou~d be etched with an acid sucb as hydrofluorlc acld or APF.
2S ~eferring now to Figure 4, there i8 illustrated periodontal splinting of mandibular anterior teeth utilizing a uniform glas~ ~iber ~esh 16 whicb ha~ been etched and treated with an organo-functional silane and ~ embedded withiin a composite resin 18. As de~crlbed previou61y, the gla88 fiber mesh 16 may be etched with an acid, preferably hydrofIuoric acid or APF, although it is under tood that any other acid may be utilized whiah i~ effective in etching glas~ fiber~. The periodontal splinting as shown in Figure 4 is utilized to treat mobile teeth which have lost bone support ' and/or whicb have been traumatized. A~ illu~trated in W~93/08760 PCT/USg1/08 ~
~ l 2 ~ 8-. < --Figure 4, the etched ~ilanated glass fiber me~h 16 may be Qmbedded in a ccmposite re~in 18 bonding together aanines ~0 and 22 and mandibular inci~or~ 24.
Figure 5 illu~trates a substantially ~imilax application of the present invention whereln a random glas~ me~h or rope 26 compriaed of ~lans ~iber iB
etched, ~ilanated and ~mbedded in a composite re~in 28 as a pe~iodontal ~plint o~ tbe anterior mandibular teeth.
Figuee 6 lllustrate~ anotber u8e of the pre~ent invention in the practice o~ denti~try in the form of periodontal spllnting of the po~terior teeth. A~
illustxated in Figure 6, a ~hannel 30 i~ prepared in the occlusal surf~ce~ of the pos~erior teeth by well known dental operat~on~. ~ rope 32 compris~d o~ glass fiber material whi~h ba~ been etched wlth an acid, such as hydrofluoric acid, and treated with an or~ano-functional silane as de~cribed above, i~ lnserted into the channel and bonded to the tooth by one of the su~table well known composite re~lns.
Figures 7, 8 and 9 illustrate an application of the present invention in posterior tooth replacement wherein the pre~ent invention may be util~zed to produce a bridge for a m~sing tooth. As illustrated in Figure 7, ~hannels 34 and 36 msy be prepared in the occ~usal ~urfAoes of teeth 38 and 40, reepectively, which are lmmediately ad~acent to tbe mi~sing tooth. A
channel may be cut into the enamel of the tooth in a well known manner. The surface of the channel in the tooth may be etched with pho~phoric acidjand tooth !
adhe~ive u~ed to bond etched, sllanated, mesh or rope fiber gla~s in the ch~nnel to form a bridge through the space of the mis~ing~tooth. This may be provided with a fold 42 in mesh 44~as illu~trated in Figure 7 or more directly bridging tbe missing tooth ~pace as ~hown at 46 with fiber glass rope 48 in Figure 8.
Figure 9 illustrates a tooth replica or replace-W093/08760 PCT/US91/0~
2I 223~
ment ~artificial) tooth formed on etched, 6ilanated fiber glass mesh 44. Alternatively, tooth 50 could be formed on the etched silanated glas~ fiber rope 48.
Tbe etched silanated gla#6 ~upport of fiber glas6 me~h 44 or rope 48 provldes a strong and ~turdy base for holding the formed too~h ~eplacement in place.
Referring now to Flgures 10 and 11, there i~
~hown still another one of the many po~ible use6 of the pre~ent inventlon in the practlce of dentlstry in tbe form o~ an anterlor tooth replacement. In a s~ilar manner, cban~els ars prepared ln teeth 52 and 53 whlch are lmmedlately ~d~acont the mi~slng tooth~
Channels are prepared ln ~ well known manne~. The teetb are tben etcbed wlth pho~phorlc acid, adhesive is placed ln tbe channel and the etched ~ nated fiber glass mesh 18 inserted lnto tho cbannel ~nd tbe adbesive~ This may be tack welded wltb res~n. The formation oS the replac-ment tooth 54 ig now built onto the aesh, polymerlzed and sbaped lnto the form of a tootb.
Figure 12 lllustrates still another one of the many posslble uses of the present invention ln the practice of dentl6try~ ~Flgure 12 lllu~trate~
~ndibular anterior teeth whereln orthodontlc retention and poBt treatment stablllzatlon are provided by an etobed, silanated glass~ flber rope or ~e~h affised to tbe etched teetb and eDbedded in the re~ln. No preparation, i.e. cuttlng and channeling, of the tooth is necjes6ary. iAsl~illustrated in Figure 12, tbe etched flber glass mesh or rope 56 is applied acros~ the canines and Dandibular'lnci~ors and embedded in one of the well known composite resins. Tbis process may al~o be applied~to the maxlllary~teeth.
As a specific example of one application of the present invention, a patient of mine was kicked by a ~' horse re~ulting in the loss of a mandibular right wos3/o876o PCT/US91~0~k~
2122~ o-central inci~or. I utilized fiber glass material in the form of a random mesh. I etched the ~iber gla~s mesh with a commercial form o~ hydro~luoric ac~d sold under th0 trademark PORCELETC~ by Co~medent, 5419 North Sheridan Road, Chicago, Illinols 60640. I treated the etched fiber glas6 wlth an organo-functional silane sold under the tr~demark SIhANATOR by Co~medent. I
selected and utilized a well known composlte resln sold under the trademark ULT~ABOND, whiah wa6 coated w~th a 8econd well known composlte re~ln ~old under the trademark VI~r~TAZE. Both the U~TRABOND and Vl~ r~ trademark product~ a~e available from Den-Mat Corp., 3130 Skyway Drlve, Santa Marla, Californla 93456. I was able to perform an esthetic and 8tructural restoratlon o~ the patient's tooth in 45 minutes wlth the re~ult belng a strong and structurally ~table tooth replacement.
In a second sltu~tlon, two lower incisor teeth had been lo~t to perlodont~l d~seaee and the remalnder Of the lower anterlor teetb were moblle. The patient re~u$red lmmediate replacement of the mis6ing teeth and stablllzation o~ tbe other~. ~iber glas~ ~aterlal ln the form of a unlform me~h wa~ utlllzed. The fiber glass mesh ~as etcbed wlth a commerc$ally avallable brand of bydrofluorlc acld sold under the trademark PORCELETCH by Cosmedent.~ Tbe fiber gla~ mesh wa~
treated wlth a commercially avallable organo-functional silane sold under the trademark SILANA~OR by Cosmedent. I selectedla~well known macrofill composite resin ULTRABOND which is available from Den-Mat Corp., which was then lamlnated wlth a mic~ofill composite resin sold commercially under the trademark D~RAF~L by ; ~ulzer Corporatlon, 10005 Muirland6 Boulevard, Irvine, ; California 92718,;which provided improved esthetics.
~; 35 This procedure produced a structurally ~uperior esthetic replacement and the ~tabilized teeth exhibited WOg3/08760 PCT/US9t/OX~
21223,~
no mobility.
In view of the above, the present invention may be embodied in otber ~pecific form~ without departing from the spirit or es~ential attributes thereof and, accordingly, re~erence ~hould be made to the appended clai~8 ~ rather tban to the ~oregoing ~pecification a~
lndicatlng the scope of the inventlon.
: ;
.
:
: 25 .
, !
. ~ ~
, : :
~ 35
Claims (18)
1. A process for forming a dental restoration or dental stabilization device, comprising the steps of:
etching a material comprised of glass fiber with an etchant;
applying an organo-functional silane to the etched material; and forming said dental restoration or dental stabilization device utilizing said etched silanated glass fiber embedded in a resin.
etching a material comprised of glass fiber with an etchant;
applying an organo-functional silane to the etched material; and forming said dental restoration or dental stabilization device utilizing said etched silanated glass fiber embedded in a resin.
2. A process in accordance with Claim 1 wherein said etchant is an acid effective in etching glass.
3. A process in accordance with Claim 2 wherein said acid is hydrofluoric acid.
4. A process in accordance with Claim 1 wherein said etchant is acidulated phosphate fluoride.
5. A process in accordance with Claim 1 wherein said organo-functional silane is a silane selected from the group consisting of Vinyltrichlorosilane, Vinyltriethoxysilane, Vinyl-tris(beta-methoxyethoxy) silane, gamma-Methacryloxy-propyltrimethoxysilane, beta-(3,4 - Epoxycyclohexyl) - ethyl-trimethoxysilane, gamma-Glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, gamma-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane, and N-beta-(aminoethyl)-gamma-Aminopropyltrimethoxysilane.
6. A process in accordance with Claim 1 wherein said resin is a composite resin.
7. A process in accordance with Claim 1 wherein said resin is comprised of a microfill resin.
8. A process in accordance with Claim 1 wherein said resin is comprised of a macrofill resin.
9. A process in accordance with Claim 1 wherein said glass fiber textile material is in the form of a uniform mesh.
10. A process in accordance with Claim 1 wherein said glass fiber material is in the form of a random mesh.
11. A process in accordance with Claim 1 wherein said glass fiber textile material is in the form of a woven thread or rope.
12. An article of manufacture, comprising:
a material for use in dental processes involving the reconstruction or stabilization of one or more teeth comprising an etched glass fiber material treated with an organo-functional silane.
a material for use in dental processes involving the reconstruction or stabilization of one or more teeth comprising an etched glass fiber material treated with an organo-functional silane.
13. A material in accordance with Claim 12 wherein said fiber glass material is in the form of a uniform mesh.
14. A material in accordance with Claim 12 wherein said fiber glass material is in the form of a random mesh.
15. A material in accordance with Claim 12 wherein said fiber glass material is in the form of a woven thread or rope.
16. A material in accordance with Claim 12 wherein said organo-functional silane is selected from the group consisting of Vinyltrichlorosilane, Vinyltriethoxysilane, Vinyltris (beta-methoxyethoxy) silane, gamma-Methacryloxypropyltri-methoxysilane, beta-(3,4 - Epoxycyclohexyl)-ethyltrimethoxy-silane, gamma-Glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, gamma-Amino-propyltriethoxysilane, and N-beta-(aminoethyl)-gamma-amino-propyltrimethoxysilane.
17. A material in accordance with Claim 15 wherein said woven thread or rope is interwoven to form a braid.
18. An article of manufacture, comprising:
a material for use in dental processes involving the reconstruction or stabilization of one or more teeth comprising a glass fiber material treated with an organo-functional silane.
a material for use in dental processes involving the reconstruction or stabilization of one or more teeth comprising a glass fiber material treated with an organo-functional silane.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US07/524,242 US5098304A (en) | 1990-05-15 | 1990-05-15 | Dental materials and process utilizing etched silanated glass fiber |
| PCT/US1991/008048 WO1993008760A1 (en) | 1990-05-15 | 1991-11-01 | Dental materials and process utilizing glass fiber |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2122354A1 CA2122354A1 (en) | 1993-05-13 |
| CA2122354C true CA2122354C (en) | 1998-06-16 |
Family
ID=34860171
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002122354A Expired - Fee Related CA2122354C (en) | 1990-05-15 | 1991-11-01 | Dental materials and process utilizing glass fiber |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5098304A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0610187A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH07501713A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU674827B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2122354C (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1993008760A1 (en) |
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- 1990-05-15 US US07/524,242 patent/US5098304A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1991
- 1991-11-01 EP EP92900523A patent/EP0610187A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1991-11-01 JP JP4501046A patent/JPH07501713A/en active Pending
- 1991-11-01 AU AU90785/91A patent/AU674827B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1991-11-01 WO PCT/US1991/008048 patent/WO1993008760A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1991-11-01 CA CA002122354A patent/CA2122354C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2122354A1 (en) | 1993-05-13 |
| AU9078591A (en) | 1993-06-07 |
| WO1993008760A1 (en) | 1993-05-13 |
| EP0610187A4 (en) | 1994-06-09 |
| AU674827B2 (en) | 1997-01-16 |
| EP0610187A1 (en) | 1994-08-17 |
| JPH07501713A (en) | 1995-02-23 |
| US5098304A (en) | 1992-03-24 |
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