CA2103208C - High performance elastomeric nonwoven fibrous webs - Google Patents

High performance elastomeric nonwoven fibrous webs Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2103208C
CA2103208C CA002103208A CA2103208A CA2103208C CA 2103208 C CA2103208 C CA 2103208C CA 002103208 A CA002103208 A CA 002103208A CA 2103208 A CA2103208 A CA 2103208A CA 2103208 C CA2103208 C CA 2103208C
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CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
fibers
elastic
web
nonwoven web
elastic nonwoven
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
CA002103208A
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French (fr)
Other versions
CA2103208A1 (en
Inventor
Jack Draper Taylor
Jon Edward Tinsley
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Kimberly Clark Worldwide Inc
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Kimberly Clark Worldwide Inc
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kimberly Clark Worldwide Inc filed Critical Kimberly Clark Worldwide Inc
Publication of CA2103208A1 publication Critical patent/CA2103208A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA2103208C publication Critical patent/CA2103208C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/022Non-woven fabric
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/005Synthetic yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/007Addition polymers
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/08Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
    • D04H3/14Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic yarns or filaments produced by welding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0253Polyolefin fibres
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0261Polyamide fibres
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0276Polyester fibres
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/06Vegetal fibres
    • B32B2262/062Cellulose fibres, e.g. cotton
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/101Glass fibres
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/106Carbon fibres, e.g. graphite fibres
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2555/00Personal care
    • B32B2555/02Diapers or napkins
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/903Microfiber, less than 100 micron diameter
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24355Continuous and nonuniform or irregular surface on layer or component [e.g., roofing, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24446Wrinkled, creased, crinkled or creped
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24802Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24826Spot bonds connect components
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/25Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
    • Y10T428/253Cellulosic [e.g., wood, paper, cork, rayon, etc.]
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/601Nonwoven fabric has an elastic quality
    • Y10T442/602Nonwoven fabric comprises an elastic strand or fiber material
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/608Including strand or fiber material which is of specific structural definition
    • Y10T442/614Strand or fiber material specified as having microdimensions [i.e., microfiber]
    • Y10T442/621Including other strand or fiber material in a different layer not specified as having microdimensions
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/637Including strand or fiber material which is a monofilament composed of two or more polymeric materials in physically distinct relationship [e.g., sheath-core, side-by-side, islands-in-sea, fibrils-in-matrix, etc.] or composed of physical blend of chemically different polymeric materials or a physical blend of a polymeric material and a filler material
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/659Including an additional nonwoven fabric
    • Y10T442/66Additional nonwoven fabric is a spun-bonded fabric
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/659Including an additional nonwoven fabric
    • Y10T442/668Separate nonwoven fabric layers comprise chemically different strand or fiber material

Abstract

Disclosed is an elastic nonwoven web containing a coherent matrix of fibers formed from an extrudable blend composed of an elastomeric A-B-A-B tetrablock copolymer where A is a thermoplastic polymer block and where B is an isoprene monomer unit hydrogenated to substantially a polyethylene-propylene) monomer unit. The elastic nonwoven web adapted to have an elastic modulus of less than about 1.25 which is locally constant during elongation of the web up to about 250 percent. The elastic nonwoven web may also include at least one type of nonelastic fibers and/or particulate materials distributed within or on the matrix of elastomeric fibers. The elastic nonwoven web may be incorporated into a multilayer material and/or may be a component of a composite elastic material in which the elastic web is joined to a gatherable layer at spaced apart locations sa that the gatherable layer is gathered between the spaced-apart locations.

Claims (26)

1. An elastic nonwoven web comprising a coherent matrix of fibers formed from an extrudable blend comprising:
an elastomeric A-B-A-B tetrablock copolymer where A is a thermoplastic polymer block and where B is an isoprene: monomer hydrogenated to substantially a poly(ethylene-propylene) monomer unit;

wherein the web is adapted to have an elastic modulus of less than about 1.25 which is locally constant during elongation of the web up to about 250 percent.
2. The elastic nonwoven web of claim 1, wherein the web is adapted to have an elastic modulus of less than about 1 which is locally constant during elongation of the web up to about 250 percent.
3. The elastic nonwoven web of claim 1 or 2, wherein the elastomeric A-B-A-B tetrablock copolymer has the formula:
wherein m is an integer from about 40 to 75; n is an integer from about 500 to 1000; p is an integer from about 75 to 125; and R is a phenyl group.
4. The elastic nonwoven web of claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the elastomeric A-B-A-B tetrablock copolymer has an average molecular weight of from about 48,000 to about 94,000 and a weight ratio of polystyrene endblocks to poly(ethylene-propylene) midblocks and endblocks of from about 10:90 to about 25:75.
5. The elastic nonwoven web of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the extrudable blend further comprises a tackifying resin selected from the group consisting of hydrogenated hydrocarbon resins and terpene hydrocarbon resins.
6. The elastic nonwoven web of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the blend further comprises a polyolefin.
7. The elastic nonwoven web of claim 6, wherein the polyolefin is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutylene, polyethylene copolymers, polypropylene copolymers, polybutylene copolymers and mixtures thereof.
8. The elastic nonwoven web of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the blend further comprises an extending oil.
9. The elastic nonwoven web of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein said blend comprises from about 50 to about 80 percent, by weight, of the elastomeric A-B-A-B tetrablock copolymer, from about 15 to about 28 percent, by weight, of a tackifying resin, from about 3 to about 23 percent, by weight, of a polyolefin, and up to about 15 percent, by weight, of an extending oil.
10. The elastic nonwoven web of claim 9, wherein said tackifying resin is selected from the group consisting of hydrogenated hydrocarbon resins and terpene hydrocarbon resins.
11. The elastic nonwoven web of claim 9 or 10, wherein said polyolefin is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutylene, polyethylene copolymers, polypropylene copolymers,, polybutylene copolymers and mixtures thereof.
12. The elastic nonwoven web of any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the fibers are meltblown fibers.
13. The elastic nonwoven web of claim 12, wherein the meltblown fibers include microfibers.
14. A composite elastic material comprising:
an elastic nonwoven web according to any one of claims 1 to 13; and at least one gatherable layer joined at spaced-apart locations to the elastic web so that the gatherable layer is gathered between the spaced-apart locations.
15. The composite elastic material of claim 14, wherein the gatherable layer is a nonwoven web of fibers.
16. The composite elastic material of claim 15, wherein the gatherable layer is selected from the group consisting of a web of spunbonded fibers; a web of meltblown fibers; a bonded carded web of fibers; and a multi-layer material comprising at least one of the webs of spunbonded fibers, meltblown fibers and bonded carded web of fibers.
17. The composite elastic material of claim 15 or 16, wherein the gatherable layer is a composite material comprising a mixture of fibers and one or more other materials selected from the group consisting of wood pulp, staple fibers, particulates and super-absorbent materials.
18. A coformed elastic nonwoven web comprising:
a coherent matrix of elastic fibers formed from a blend comprising:

an elastomeric A-B-A-B tetrablock copolymer where A is a thermoplastic polymer block and where B is an isoprene monomer unit hydrogenated to substantially a poly(ethylene-propylene) monomer unit;
a tackifying resin; and at least: one other material selected from the group consisting of nonelastic fibers and particulates; and wherein said web has an elastic modulus of less than about 1.25 which is locally constant during elongation of the web up to about 250 percent.
19. The elastic nonwoven web of claim 18, wherein the web is adapted to have an elastic modulus of less than about 1 which is locally constant during elongation of the web up to about 250 percent.
20. The coformed elastic nonwoven web of claim 18, wherein the elastic fibers are meltblown fibers.
21. The coformed elastic nonwoven web of claim 20, wherein the meltblown fibers include microfibers.
22. The coformed elastic nonwoven web of claim 18 or 20, comprising from about 20 percent, by weight, to about 99 percent, by weight, of the elastic fibers and from about 1 percent, by weight, to about 80 percent, by weight, of the other materials.
23. The coformed elastic nonwoven web of any one of claims 18 to 22, wherein at least one nonelastic fiber is present and is selected from the group consisting of polyester fibers, polyamide fibers, glass fibers, polyolefin fibers, cellulosic derived fibers, multi-component fibers, natural fibers, absorbent fibers, electrically conductive fibers and blends of two or more of said nonelastic fibers.
24. The coformed elastic nonwoven web of any one of claims 18 to 23, wherein at least one particulate material is present and is selected from the group consisting of activated charcoal and superabsorbents.
25. A composite elastic material comprising:
a coformed elastic nonwoven web according to any one of claims 18 to 24; and at least one gatherable layer joined at spaced-apart locations to the coformed elastic web so that the gatherable layer is gathered between the spaced-apart locations.
26. A composite elastic material comprising:
at least one elastic sheet formed from a blend comprising:
an elastomeric A-B-A-B tetrablock copolymer where A is a thermoplastic polymer block and where B is an isoprene monomer unit hydrogenated to substantially a poly (ethylene-propylene) monomer unit; and a tackifying resin; wherein the elastic sheet is adapted to have an elastic modulus of less than about: 1.25 which is locally constant during elongation of the web up to about 250 percent; and at least on a gatherable layer joined at spaced apart locations to the elastic sheet, and wherein the gatherable layer is gathered between the spaced-apart locations.
CA002103208A 1993-06-09 1993-11-16 High performance elastomeric nonwoven fibrous webs Expired - Fee Related CA2103208C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US074,080 1993-06-09
US08/074,080 US5332613A (en) 1993-06-09 1993-06-09 High performance elastomeric nonwoven fibrous webs

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2103208A1 CA2103208A1 (en) 1994-12-10
CA2103208C true CA2103208C (en) 2004-03-16

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Family Applications (1)

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CA002103208A Expired - Fee Related CA2103208C (en) 1993-06-09 1993-11-16 High performance elastomeric nonwoven fibrous webs

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US5332613A (en)
EP (1) EP0702733B1 (en)
JP (1) JP3488239B2 (en)
KR (1) KR100322362B1 (en)
AU (1) AU678022B2 (en)
CA (1) CA2103208C (en)
DE (1) DE69419920T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2137369T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2707305B1 (en)
TW (1) TW253915B (en)
WO (1) WO1994029507A1 (en)

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EP0702733A1 (en) 1996-03-27
KR100322362B1 (en) 2002-06-24
AU678022B2 (en) 1997-05-15
TW253915B (en) 1995-08-11
DE69419920T2 (en) 1999-12-02
AU6914294A (en) 1995-01-03
EP0702733B1 (en) 1999-08-04
FR2707305A1 (en) 1995-01-13
JPH08511584A (en) 1996-12-03
US5332613A (en) 1994-07-26
DE69419920D1 (en) 1999-09-09
CA2103208A1 (en) 1994-12-10
WO1994029507A1 (en) 1994-12-22
JP3488239B2 (en) 2004-01-19
FR2707305B1 (en) 1997-04-04
ES2137369T3 (en) 1999-12-16

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