CA2094685A1 - Surgical suture instrument - Google Patents
Surgical suture instrumentInfo
- Publication number
- CA2094685A1 CA2094685A1 CA002094685A CA2094685A CA2094685A1 CA 2094685 A1 CA2094685 A1 CA 2094685A1 CA 002094685 A CA002094685 A CA 002094685A CA 2094685 A CA2094685 A CA 2094685A CA 2094685 A1 CA2094685 A1 CA 2094685A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- needle
- suture
- instrument
- casing
- elongated housing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for suturing wounds; Holders or packages for needles or suture materials
- A61B17/0469—Suturing instruments for use in minimally invasive surgery, e.g. endoscopic surgery
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for suturing wounds; Holders or packages for needles or suture materials
- A61B17/06—Needles ; Sutures; Needle-suture combinations; Holders or packages for needles or suture materials
- A61B17/06066—Needles, e.g. needle tip configurations
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for suturing wounds; Holders or packages for needles or suture materials
- A61B17/0469—Suturing instruments for use in minimally invasive surgery, e.g. endoscopic surgery
- A61B2017/047—Suturing instruments for use in minimally invasive surgery, e.g. endoscopic surgery having at least one proximally pointing needle located at the distal end of the instrument, e.g. for suturing trocar puncture wounds starting from inside the body
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for suturing wounds; Holders or packages for needles or suture materials
- A61B17/06—Needles ; Sutures; Needle-suture combinations; Holders or packages for needles or suture materials
- A61B17/06004—Means for attaching suture to needle
- A61B2017/06019—Means for attaching suture to needle by means of a suture-receiving lateral eyelet machined in the needle
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for suturing wounds; Holders or packages for needles or suture materials
- A61B17/06—Needles ; Sutures; Needle-suture combinations; Holders or packages for needles or suture materials
- A61B17/06004—Means for attaching suture to needle
- A61B2017/06042—Means for attaching suture to needle located close to needle tip
Abstract
SURGICAL SUTURE INSTRUMENT
ABSTRACT
The present invention is directed to a surgical suture instrument specifically designed for suturing body tissues in enclosed surgical operations. The instrument includes a casing with a slot for housing a suture needle. The needle includes a first puncture end and a second manipulation end. The needle is pivotally positioned on an axis within the casing, such that the puncture end may be exposed or retracted as needed. The casing also includes equipment to manipulate the needle within the casing.
ABSTRACT
The present invention is directed to a surgical suture instrument specifically designed for suturing body tissues in enclosed surgical operations. The instrument includes a casing with a slot for housing a suture needle. The needle includes a first puncture end and a second manipulation end. The needle is pivotally positioned on an axis within the casing, such that the puncture end may be exposed or retracted as needed. The casing also includes equipment to manipulate the needle within the casing.
Description
. , ,, 209~68~
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8 llRG I CAL 8 UTURE IN~ T:RUMENT
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates generally to surgical instruments. The present invention is specifically directed to a suture instrument for sut~ring tissue at a surgical site having limited dimensions.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART
For purposes of the present specification, the term "surgery" applies to a medical operation involving an incision to subcutaneous body tissue. Therefore, the surgical incision includes cutting the patient's skin, the fascia, i.e., the tough fibrous tissue which envelopes the body beneath the skin, and/or the peritoneum, i.e., the internal layer of thin connective tissue that lines the abdominal cavity and covers most of the viscera contained therein. As used herein, the term "patient" is directed toward humans, but can also include animals.
Surgical procedures can be "open" or "closed."
The term "open" surgery usually describes a surgical procedure in which the surgeon accesses the surgical site b~ making a relatively large incision in the pa~ient's body. For example, laparoscopic surgery involves use of a laparoscope, an illuminated optical instrument for examining internal organs. In such surgery, access must be gained to the desired body cavity. For "open" access, a relatively large incision is made at the umbilicus, the fascia is visualized, sutures are placed, and the peritoneum is opened under direct vision allowing a blunt trocar or port to be placed in the incision site. The trocar can also be fixed in position by inflatable balloons or threaded sleeves rather than suture. The trocar has a system of channels to allow the passage of various tools and carbon dioxide used to expand the abdominal cavity, i.e., "pneumoperitoneum," to provide a working space and to provide a sufficient opening to view the working space by a laparoscope.
Alternatively, for "closed" access, a small incision is made and a Verres needle inserted. A Verres 2~94685 ~ .
needle is a special needle having a spring-loaded safety tip that is designed to pierce skin, fat, fascia, and the peritoneum, without causing unwanted damage to the internal visceral organs. Carbon dioxide can then be insufflated to provide the protective pneumoperitoneum, which allows a trocar to be safely inserted. This trocar can be of the sharp pointed variety, well known to the art, or it may have a safety spring-loaded shield to protect the viscera.
The surgeon places the laparoscope through the trocar and attaches it to the camera to display the internal view on a television monitor. Cnce a scope is in place, other trocars or ports can be safely inserted under direct laparoscopic view at different locations to act as channels for scopes and instruments.
For example, in laparoscopic surgery directed to the gallbladder, ports, typically 10-llmm in size, are placed at the umbilicus and in the epigastric reyion high in the mid-line just under the rib cage. Smaller ports (5mm) are placed as necessary for additional instruments to accomplish the procedure. For other procedures such as appendectomies, hysterectomies, gastric, colonic or other surgeries, several ports, typically 12mm in size, may be placed at ~arious locations.
At the end of the procedure, the instruments and trocars are removed. If the umbilical port was placed in "open" fashion, the surgeon may have adequate room to manipulate the fascia in order to close the incision with sutures. I~, however, the umbilical or other ports were placed in "closed" fashion, the skin and fascial incisions are both relatively small. There is no extra room to manipulate the fascia in order to place a closing suture, and efforts to do so are often rudimentary at best and often simply abandoned to the possible detriment of the patient.
20~46~5 S~I~MARY OF T~-~E I~VENTION
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provlde a surgical suture instrument, which can place a stitch in an incision in a restricted or "closed" surgical site.
This object is accomplished by the presently claimed invention, which in one embodiment provides a surgical suture device 0 comprising a casing with a slot for housing a suture needle. The needle has a puncture end and a manipulation end and is pivotally positioned within the slot such that the puncture end of the needle may be exposed or retracted within the casin~. The surgical suture instrument also includes a means to manipulate the needle within the casing. Preferably, the needle is manipulated by companion manipulation rods, which are slidably positioned within channels in the casing. The manipulation rods have finger-activated ends and needle manipulation ends.
The instrument of the present invention simplifies surgical suturing processes, especially in "closed" situations, by providing a device for suturing body tissue in areas where the incision opening is tiny.
The present invention advantageously provides a simple instrument, ~hich is easy to assemble or disassemble, can be readily sterilized and comprises few working parts. The instrument can also be conveniently formed of disposable materials. The casing also advantageously serves as an obturator to occlude the fascial and skin openings, to retain pneumoperitoneum and thus maintain direct laparoscopic vision for safe operation of the instrument. Although the instrument is specifically designed for laparoscopic surgery, it may also ~e used for other surgical procedures, including endoscopic surgical procedures such as arthroscopy, gastroentroscopy, and laryngobronchoscopy.
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According to another aspect of this invention, there is provided a surgical suture instrument, comprising a casing comprising a pocket for housing a suture needle; a suture needing having a puncture end and a manipulation end, the suture needles being pivotally positioned within the pocket, such that the puncture end is alternately exposed or retracted within the casing;
and means associated with the manipulation end of the suture needle and operable from a proximal end of the lo instrument casing for manipulating the suture needle between a retracted position and an exposed position whereby the needle is pivoted outwardl~v away from the casing.
A further embodiment of the present invention provides a surgical instrument for closing a trocar incision which comprises an elongated housing having at least one longitudinal pocket adjacent a distal end thereof; at least one needle deployably mounted on the elongated housing; and movable means associated with the housing, independent of at least one needle, for operably deploying at least one needle between a first position substantially within the pocket and a second position outwardly spaced from the elongated housing means such that the needle is moved outwardly away from the elongated housing means.
A still further embodiment of the present invention provides a surgical instrument for closing a body cavity incision which comprises: an elongated housing having a proximal end and a distal end; at least one needle having a puncture end; means associated with the elongated housing for deployably mounting at least one needle, such that upon deployment o~ the needle, the puncture end is directed toward the proximal end of the elongated housing; and means disposed within the housing for operably deploying at least one needle from a first posltion to a second position spaced from the elongated housing.
2Q~68~
A further feature of yet another embodiment of the present invention provides an apparatus for closing a trocar incision which comprises: an elongated housing having at least one longitudinal pocket adjacent a distal end thereof such that at least one longit.udinal pocket de~ines an opening having a plane normal to a radial plane of the elongated housing; at least one needle deployably mounted on the elongated housing portion; and actuating means for operably deplo~ing at least one lo needle transverse to the normal plane of the pocket such that the needle is moved outwardly away from the elongated housing.
A still further embodiment of the present invention provides a surgical instrument for closing a trocar incision which comprises: an elongated housing having a distal end; at least one needle deployably mounted on the elongated housing, at least one needle having a puncture end portion such that at least one needle is oriented with the puncture end portion directed toward a proximal end o~ the elongated housing; and means associated with the housing, distally movable for operably deploying at least one needle between a first position and a second position outwardly spaced from the elongated housing such that the needle is moved outwardly away from the elongated housing.
Yet another feature of a still further embodiment provides a laparoscopic surgical instrument for closing a trocar incision which comprises: an elongated housing having a proximal end portion and distal end; at least one needle deployably mounted adjacent the distal end; and means associated with the elongated housing, detachably connected to at least one needle, for operably deploying at least one needle between a first position and a second position outwardly spaced from the elongated housing such that the needle is moved outwardly away from the elongated housing.
A further embodiment of the present invention provides a laparoscopic surgical instrument comprising:
20~6~5 - 3C ~
an elongated housing having a proximal end and a distal end; at least one needle; means for mounting at least one need adjacent the distal end of the elongated housing for movement between first and second positions; and means for engaging the mounting means to move at least one needle to the second position.
Yet another feature of one embodiment of the present invention provides a surgical suture instrument, comprising: a housing having needle protecting means lo therein for retaining and protecting at least a needle puncture end of a suture needle adapted to be mounted in the instrument; and means for displacing the needle from the housing to expose the needle puncture end when the needle is displaced from the housing.
A still further feature of another embodiment of the present invention provides a surgical suture instrument, comprising~ a housing; a needle protecting means in the housing adapted to receive a needle puncture tip therein; and means for displacing the needle and the needle puncture tip from the housing.
Yet another feature of one embodiment of the present invention provides a surgical suture instrument comprising a suture needle, and a housing having an elongated body, the suture needle comprising a substantially rigid needle capable of substantially retaining its shape without deformation thereof during manipulation of the needle, the needle having a puncture end and being pivotally mounted in the elongated body, the body having an interference-free suture deployment and retraction path in which the deployment path extends outwardly of the body, and in which the deployment path terminates in a deployment position for the puncture end, the deployment path being adapted to permit the puncture end to be deployed exteriorly of the body for surgical use, and the needle when in the retraction position is at least partially stored in the body.
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BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
In the drawings:
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the surgical suture instrument of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a si~e plan view of the surgical suture instrument o~ the present invention.
Fig. 2a is a cross-sectional view of the surgical suture instrument of Fig. 2 taken along lines 2a-2a of Fig. Z.
Fig. 2b is a cross~sectional view of the surgical suture instrument of Fig. 2 taken along lines 2b-2b of Fig. 2.
Fig. 2c is a cross-sectional view of the surgical suture instrument of Fig. 2 taken along lines 2c-2c of Fig. 2.
Fig. 2d is a cross-sectional view of the surgical suture instrument of Fig. 2 taken along lines 2d-2d.
Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the surgical suture instrument of Fig. 2 taken along lines 3-3 of Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a side view of the suture needle of the present invention.
Fig. 4a is a cross-sectlonal view of the suture needle of Fig. 4 taken along lines 4a-4a.
Fig. 4b is a cross-sectional view of the suture needle of Fig. 4 taken along lines 4b-4b.
Fig. 4c is a cross-sectional view of the suture needle of Fig. 4 taken along lines 4c-4c.
Fig. 5 is a top view of the cap of the instrument of Fig. 1.
Fig. 6 is a partially exploded side view of the surgical suture instrument of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a side view of the surgical suture instrument of the present invention illustrating the needle in retracted position.
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Fig. 8 is a side view of a needle manipulation rod of the present invention.
Fig. 8a is a cross-sectional view of the needle manipulation rod of Fig. 8 taken along lines 8a-8a.
Fig. 8b is a cross-sectional view of the needle manipulation rod of Fig. 8 taken along lines 8b-8b.
Fig. 9 is a front view of a needle manipulation rod of the present invention.
Fig. 9a is a cross-sectional view of the needle 0 manipulation rod of Fig. 9 taken along lines 9a-9a.
DETAILED DESCRIPTIOM OF THE DRAWINGS
Referring now to the drawings, in which like reference numerals refer to similar embodiments, reference is initially made to Fig. 1, which illustrates the surgical suture instrument of the present invention, at reference numeral 10.
Casinq The instrument 10 includes a generally tubular~
shaped casing 12 of a size and configuration suitable for placement in a body opening. For purposes of the present invention, the term "body opening" is intended to include both surgically-manipulated and natural or non-surgically manipulated openings in a body cavity of a patient.
Aside from its primary purpose as a suture instrument, the tubular shape of the casing also serves as an obturator to occlude the body opening. The blockage prevents the escape of any gases and enables the body opening to retain the pneumoperitoneum and to maintain direct laparoscopic visionO
The casing 12 can be made of any material known to the art and suitable for surgical applications. For example, the casing 12 may be formed of a material designed for re-use, such as stainless steel. The casing 12 can also be designed for single use and made o~
disposable plastics or aluminum.
Referring now to Fig. 2, the casing 12 is preferably formed of two symmetrical pieces 14, 16 which 2~946~
", ~ , , .
are joined together by pins, screws or the like, identified at reference numeral 18. In the case of a disposable surgical instrument 10, the pins 18 may be permanently positioned such that the pieces 14, 16 are not capable of separating. If a re-usable instrument is contemplated, th~ pins 18 will preferably be in the form of screws in order to allow easy separation of the pieces 14, 16 for cleaning, sterilization and repairs.
Fig. 2 illustrates pieces 14, 16 in the casing 12, which are formed to provide a pocket 19 for slidably receiving a surgical needle 22. A second pocket 21 on the opposite side of the casing 12 is provided to allow complete manipulation of the needle 22 as will be described in more detail later in the specification.
The casing 12 may also be characterized by a cut-away portion 20 as illustrated on Fig. 7. The cut-away portion ~0 is adjacent the surgical suture needle 22, and is designed to provide a space for body tissue between the needle 22 and the shaft of the casing 12 in order to give the surgeon some "traction" to expose a suture opening 23 in the needle.
Cap and CouPler The casing 12 also preferably includes a collar 24, as illustrated in Figs. 1 and 6, for positioning an instrument cap 26 onto the surgical instrument 10. The collar 24 is designed to releasably mount a connecting coupler 28 onto the casing 12. The coupler 28 is provided with internal threads 30, which are designed to cooperate with external threads 32 on the cap 26. The assembling coupler 28 is provided to connect the cap 26 to the casing 12. The collar 24 is integrated with the casing 12 to maintain the cap 26 in position on the casing 12. Preferably, the casing 12 may be providPd with a positioning button 25 on the shaft of t~e casing 35 12 above the collar 24, as illustrated in Fig. 6, to coact with a channel 27, illustrated in phantom in Fig.
6, to properly position the cap 26 on the casi~g 12.
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.
209~685 As illustrated in Fig. 1, the cap 26 is preferably provided with finger grips 26a, 26b to assist the surgeon in manipulating the instrument 10. The finger grips 26a or 26b may be provided with a marker 31, e.g., a notice or other marking on one o~ the finger grips, to identify the position of the cut-away portion 20 and the needle 22 when the casing 12 is within a body opening.
Suture Needle Referring now to Figs. 1 and 3, there is illustrated the suture needle 22 of the instrument of the present invention. Preferably, the suture needle 22 is designed for single use and is therefore disposable. The needle 22 may be made of any material known to the art for use with surgical needles. Stainless steel is a pre~erred material, especially for reusable needles.
Howe~er, disposable needles may be made of other surgical steels as tarnishing is not a problem with disposable needles. The suture needle 22 is also preferably designed in a bowed configuration, although other configurations, known to the art for surgical needles, are contemplated. The suture needle 22 is characterized by a suture opening 23 for positioning suture material.
The suture opening 23 is preferably located near the puncture end 36 of the surgical needle 22. As illustrated in Figs. 4a, 4b and 4c, the width of the needle 22 increases as the from the puncture end 36 to the needle connection end 38 opposite the puncture end 36.
3C The needle connection end 38 is characterized by a notch 40, which engages with an axle 42 in the casing 12 of the assembled instrument 10 to allow the -suture needle 22 to pivotally rotate about the axle 42.
As illustrated in the fi~ures, the axle 42 may serve a 3S dual purpose of providing an axle for the suture needle 22 and providing an additional pin, e.g., pins 18, for securing the pieces 14 and 16 of the casing 12. The 2~94,6~
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suture needle 22 can pivotally rotate such that the puncture end 36 is exposed, as illustrated in Figs. 1 and 3, or the puncture end 36 can be retracted within the casing 12, as illustrated ln Fig. 7. The pocket 21 in the casing 12 is provided to allow full mobility to the needle 22. In either the retracted or extended position, the needle connection end 38 extends into the pocket 21, as illustrated in Fig. 7, and the rounded surface 44 remains flush with the surface of the casing 12.
The needle connection end 38 is further defined by an internal edge 43 culminating at surface 44 that is used for rotating the suture needle 22. As illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4, the edge 43 is configured in a substantially straight-line pattern, the purpose of which will be explained later.
Needle Mani~ulation Rods Positioned within the casing 12 are two parallel disposed channels 50, 52, which may be of like si~e and length. The channels 50, 52 are designed to retain needle manipulation rods 54, 56, which are illustrated in Figs. 8 and 9. Referring to Fig. 5, the cap 26 is likewise provided with two channels 50a, 52a which align with the channels 50, 52, respectively when the cap 26 is placed in position on the casing 12.
As illustrated in Fig. 1, the needle manipulation rod 54 is defined by a finger-activated end 58, which extends from the channel 50. Li~ewise, the needle manipulation rod 56 is defined by a finger-activated end 60 protruding from channel 5Za.
Figs. 8 and 9 illustrate one of the manipulation rods, i. e., manipulation rod 54. The manipulation rods 54, 56 are further defined by a body 62, which is preferably square. It is within the scope of the present invention to provide a body 62, of any shape. However, a rounded shape is not desired as it will allow the manipulation rods 54, 56 to spin within the channels 50, 52.
2Q9~85 _g _ The lower end of the body 62 is defined by a slotted portion 64. The slotted portion 64 provides a chamber 66 fo~ receiving the needle 22 when the needle is in the retracted position as illustrated in Fig. 7. It is within the scope of the present invention to provide chambers 66 of the same size in each manipulation rod 54, 56. Alternatively, the chamber 66 of the manipulation rod 56 may be shorter as it only needs to accommodate the needle 22 at the area near the puncture end 36, while the chamber 66 of the manipulation rod 54 must accommodate substantially more of the needle 22 when the needle 22 retracts within the casing 12.
Located at the opposite end of the finger activated ends 58, 60 are the needle manipulation ends 67, 68 respectively. Needle manipulation ends 67, 68 are designed to coact with the edge 43 of the needle 22 to expose or retract the needle 22 according to the finger manipulations of the surgeon. In this manner the edge 43 provides a piroting surface for the rods 54, 56. For example, by fully depressing the finger-activated end 58 of the manipulation rod 54 and simultaneously releasing the finger-activated end 60 of the manipulation rod 56, the needle manipulation end 67 of the manipulation rod 54 will coact with the edge 43 of the needle 22 moving the needle 22 to the position shown in Figs. 1 and 3 and causing the needle 22 to be exposed.
Alternatively, by depressing the finger-activated end 60 of the manipulation rod 56 and releasing the finger-activated end 58 of the manipulation rod 54, the needle manipulation end 68 of the manipulation rod 56 will coact with the edge 43 of the needle 22 to retract the needle 22 into the pocket 19 of the casing 12 and into the slots 66 of the manipulation rods 54, 56, as shown in Fig. 7.
Assemblv and DisassemblY
The instrument lO is designed to be easily assembled or disassembled. To assemble the instrument 2 ~
. ~ ^\
--10~
10, the pieces 14, 15 of the casing 12 are position and attached together by ~eans of the pins 18 and the axle 42. The needle 22 is placed through the pocket 19 and positioned on the axle 42 as illustrated in Fig. 3. The manipulation rods 54, 56 are then placed in the channels 50, 52 such that the slots 66 are in proper placement and alignment with respect to the needle. The coupler 28 is slipped over the casing 12 and placed in alignment with the collar 24. The cap 26 is fitted over the manipulation rods 54, 56 such that the channels 50a, 52a in the cap coact with the channels 50, 52 in the casing 12. The coupler 28 is then thxeadably tightened onto the cap. Disassembly follows the opposite procedure.
Preferred Mode of Use A preferred method of closing an umbilical incision with the surgical suture instrument 10 of the present invention will no~ be described. Following completion of the operative portion of the surgical procedure, the umbilical trocar is removed. A finger or blunt trocar may then be inserted into the incision site to prevent carbon dioxide gas from leaking out of the abdominal cavity.
When the suture is to be made at the umbilical body opening, the finger or blunt trocar is removed and the surgical instrument 10 is positioned in the body opening. At this point, the surgeon fully depresses the finger-activated end 60 of the manipulation rod 56 to retract the needle 22 such that the puncture end 36 is within the casing 12 as illustrated in Fig. 7~ The surgical instrument 10 is then advanced into the body cavity through the body opening. When the surgeon observes that the needle 22 has passed beyond the body cavity wall, the surgeon fully depresses the finger~
activated end 58 of the manipulation rod 54 to expose the puncture end 36 of the needle 22. The needle 22 is then ready to pierce the tissue wall. The instrument 10 is then retracted from the body opening. Retracting the 2~9~68~
instrument 10 from the body opening enables the puncture end 36 of the needle to penetrate the surgically-cut body tissue a~jacent the body opening. The surgeon can manipulate the needle 22 by adjustably depressing the finger-activated ends 58 and 60 of the manipulation rods . 54, 56. At this point, the puncture end 36 of the needle has successfully punctured the tissue.
Gentle retraction of the surgical instrument 10 allows the needle 22 exit the body opening and expose the suture opening 23. At this point, the body tissue is s~ewered on the needle 22.
When the suture~opening 23 of the needle 22 is exposed at skin level, a suture is passed through the suture opening 23. Suture material can be any of a variety of surgical suture thread-like material known to the art~ The instrument 10 is then gentl~ reinserted in the body opening, with minimal pressure, on the manipulation rods 54, 56, allowing the needle 22 to naturally pull through its track in the tissue until the surgeon can see the full needle in the body cavity via the endoscopic camera in the other body opening. The instrument lO is then rotated approximately 1800. The surgeon fully depresses the manipulation rod 54 to expose the needle, and the instrument 10 is withdrawn from the 25 body opening. As before, the surgeon can balance the .
pressure between the manipulation rods 54, 56 in order to "sheath the tip" of the needle 22 after it has passed the body tissue and before it breaks the skin.
When the suture can be seen from outside the body opening, the thread is grasped and extracted from the suture opening 23 in the needle. The stitch is placed, but not tied. The instrument 10 is then ready for re-insertion in the body opening, in order to release the needle 22 from the tissue. once the instrument has been reinserted ln the body opening, the needle 22 is then fully sheathed by pressing the ~inger-activated end 60 of the manipulation rod 56 and the instrument is -- . .
2 ~ 9 4 6 8 ~
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completely and finally removed from the body opening.
The suture i5 tied to close the body opening.
The instrument 10 allows a safe, secure and expeditious tissue closure mechanism for small trocar incisions while maintaining adequate pneumoperitoneum and direct laparoscopic visualization.
It is understood that the invention is not confined to the particular construction and arrangement herein illustrated and described, but embraces such modified forms thereof as come within the scope of the following claims. For example, activators such as rocker switches, handles and buttons are contemplated to manipulate the needle 22.
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8 llRG I CAL 8 UTURE IN~ T:RUMENT
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates generally to surgical instruments. The present invention is specifically directed to a suture instrument for sut~ring tissue at a surgical site having limited dimensions.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART
For purposes of the present specification, the term "surgery" applies to a medical operation involving an incision to subcutaneous body tissue. Therefore, the surgical incision includes cutting the patient's skin, the fascia, i.e., the tough fibrous tissue which envelopes the body beneath the skin, and/or the peritoneum, i.e., the internal layer of thin connective tissue that lines the abdominal cavity and covers most of the viscera contained therein. As used herein, the term "patient" is directed toward humans, but can also include animals.
Surgical procedures can be "open" or "closed."
The term "open" surgery usually describes a surgical procedure in which the surgeon accesses the surgical site b~ making a relatively large incision in the pa~ient's body. For example, laparoscopic surgery involves use of a laparoscope, an illuminated optical instrument for examining internal organs. In such surgery, access must be gained to the desired body cavity. For "open" access, a relatively large incision is made at the umbilicus, the fascia is visualized, sutures are placed, and the peritoneum is opened under direct vision allowing a blunt trocar or port to be placed in the incision site. The trocar can also be fixed in position by inflatable balloons or threaded sleeves rather than suture. The trocar has a system of channels to allow the passage of various tools and carbon dioxide used to expand the abdominal cavity, i.e., "pneumoperitoneum," to provide a working space and to provide a sufficient opening to view the working space by a laparoscope.
Alternatively, for "closed" access, a small incision is made and a Verres needle inserted. A Verres 2~94685 ~ .
needle is a special needle having a spring-loaded safety tip that is designed to pierce skin, fat, fascia, and the peritoneum, without causing unwanted damage to the internal visceral organs. Carbon dioxide can then be insufflated to provide the protective pneumoperitoneum, which allows a trocar to be safely inserted. This trocar can be of the sharp pointed variety, well known to the art, or it may have a safety spring-loaded shield to protect the viscera.
The surgeon places the laparoscope through the trocar and attaches it to the camera to display the internal view on a television monitor. Cnce a scope is in place, other trocars or ports can be safely inserted under direct laparoscopic view at different locations to act as channels for scopes and instruments.
For example, in laparoscopic surgery directed to the gallbladder, ports, typically 10-llmm in size, are placed at the umbilicus and in the epigastric reyion high in the mid-line just under the rib cage. Smaller ports (5mm) are placed as necessary for additional instruments to accomplish the procedure. For other procedures such as appendectomies, hysterectomies, gastric, colonic or other surgeries, several ports, typically 12mm in size, may be placed at ~arious locations.
At the end of the procedure, the instruments and trocars are removed. If the umbilical port was placed in "open" fashion, the surgeon may have adequate room to manipulate the fascia in order to close the incision with sutures. I~, however, the umbilical or other ports were placed in "closed" fashion, the skin and fascial incisions are both relatively small. There is no extra room to manipulate the fascia in order to place a closing suture, and efforts to do so are often rudimentary at best and often simply abandoned to the possible detriment of the patient.
20~46~5 S~I~MARY OF T~-~E I~VENTION
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provlde a surgical suture instrument, which can place a stitch in an incision in a restricted or "closed" surgical site.
This object is accomplished by the presently claimed invention, which in one embodiment provides a surgical suture device 0 comprising a casing with a slot for housing a suture needle. The needle has a puncture end and a manipulation end and is pivotally positioned within the slot such that the puncture end of the needle may be exposed or retracted within the casin~. The surgical suture instrument also includes a means to manipulate the needle within the casing. Preferably, the needle is manipulated by companion manipulation rods, which are slidably positioned within channels in the casing. The manipulation rods have finger-activated ends and needle manipulation ends.
The instrument of the present invention simplifies surgical suturing processes, especially in "closed" situations, by providing a device for suturing body tissue in areas where the incision opening is tiny.
The present invention advantageously provides a simple instrument, ~hich is easy to assemble or disassemble, can be readily sterilized and comprises few working parts. The instrument can also be conveniently formed of disposable materials. The casing also advantageously serves as an obturator to occlude the fascial and skin openings, to retain pneumoperitoneum and thus maintain direct laparoscopic vision for safe operation of the instrument. Although the instrument is specifically designed for laparoscopic surgery, it may also ~e used for other surgical procedures, including endoscopic surgical procedures such as arthroscopy, gastroentroscopy, and laryngobronchoscopy.
2~9~6~
According to another aspect of this invention, there is provided a surgical suture instrument, comprising a casing comprising a pocket for housing a suture needle; a suture needing having a puncture end and a manipulation end, the suture needles being pivotally positioned within the pocket, such that the puncture end is alternately exposed or retracted within the casing;
and means associated with the manipulation end of the suture needle and operable from a proximal end of the lo instrument casing for manipulating the suture needle between a retracted position and an exposed position whereby the needle is pivoted outwardl~v away from the casing.
A further embodiment of the present invention provides a surgical instrument for closing a trocar incision which comprises an elongated housing having at least one longitudinal pocket adjacent a distal end thereof; at least one needle deployably mounted on the elongated housing; and movable means associated with the housing, independent of at least one needle, for operably deploying at least one needle between a first position substantially within the pocket and a second position outwardly spaced from the elongated housing means such that the needle is moved outwardly away from the elongated housing means.
A still further embodiment of the present invention provides a surgical instrument for closing a body cavity incision which comprises: an elongated housing having a proximal end and a distal end; at least one needle having a puncture end; means associated with the elongated housing for deployably mounting at least one needle, such that upon deployment o~ the needle, the puncture end is directed toward the proximal end of the elongated housing; and means disposed within the housing for operably deploying at least one needle from a first posltion to a second position spaced from the elongated housing.
2Q~68~
A further feature of yet another embodiment of the present invention provides an apparatus for closing a trocar incision which comprises: an elongated housing having at least one longitudinal pocket adjacent a distal end thereof such that at least one longit.udinal pocket de~ines an opening having a plane normal to a radial plane of the elongated housing; at least one needle deployably mounted on the elongated housing portion; and actuating means for operably deplo~ing at least one lo needle transverse to the normal plane of the pocket such that the needle is moved outwardly away from the elongated housing.
A still further embodiment of the present invention provides a surgical instrument for closing a trocar incision which comprises: an elongated housing having a distal end; at least one needle deployably mounted on the elongated housing, at least one needle having a puncture end portion such that at least one needle is oriented with the puncture end portion directed toward a proximal end o~ the elongated housing; and means associated with the housing, distally movable for operably deploying at least one needle between a first position and a second position outwardly spaced from the elongated housing such that the needle is moved outwardly away from the elongated housing.
Yet another feature of a still further embodiment provides a laparoscopic surgical instrument for closing a trocar incision which comprises: an elongated housing having a proximal end portion and distal end; at least one needle deployably mounted adjacent the distal end; and means associated with the elongated housing, detachably connected to at least one needle, for operably deploying at least one needle between a first position and a second position outwardly spaced from the elongated housing such that the needle is moved outwardly away from the elongated housing.
A further embodiment of the present invention provides a laparoscopic surgical instrument comprising:
20~6~5 - 3C ~
an elongated housing having a proximal end and a distal end; at least one needle; means for mounting at least one need adjacent the distal end of the elongated housing for movement between first and second positions; and means for engaging the mounting means to move at least one needle to the second position.
Yet another feature of one embodiment of the present invention provides a surgical suture instrument, comprising: a housing having needle protecting means lo therein for retaining and protecting at least a needle puncture end of a suture needle adapted to be mounted in the instrument; and means for displacing the needle from the housing to expose the needle puncture end when the needle is displaced from the housing.
A still further feature of another embodiment of the present invention provides a surgical suture instrument, comprising~ a housing; a needle protecting means in the housing adapted to receive a needle puncture tip therein; and means for displacing the needle and the needle puncture tip from the housing.
Yet another feature of one embodiment of the present invention provides a surgical suture instrument comprising a suture needle, and a housing having an elongated body, the suture needle comprising a substantially rigid needle capable of substantially retaining its shape without deformation thereof during manipulation of the needle, the needle having a puncture end and being pivotally mounted in the elongated body, the body having an interference-free suture deployment and retraction path in which the deployment path extends outwardly of the body, and in which the deployment path terminates in a deployment position for the puncture end, the deployment path being adapted to permit the puncture end to be deployed exteriorly of the body for surgical use, and the needle when in the retraction position is at least partially stored in the body.
2~6~
, ~
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
In the drawings:
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the surgical suture instrument of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a si~e plan view of the surgical suture instrument o~ the present invention.
Fig. 2a is a cross-sectional view of the surgical suture instrument of Fig. 2 taken along lines 2a-2a of Fig. Z.
Fig. 2b is a cross~sectional view of the surgical suture instrument of Fig. 2 taken along lines 2b-2b of Fig. 2.
Fig. 2c is a cross-sectional view of the surgical suture instrument of Fig. 2 taken along lines 2c-2c of Fig. 2.
Fig. 2d is a cross-sectional view of the surgical suture instrument of Fig. 2 taken along lines 2d-2d.
Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the surgical suture instrument of Fig. 2 taken along lines 3-3 of Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a side view of the suture needle of the present invention.
Fig. 4a is a cross-sectlonal view of the suture needle of Fig. 4 taken along lines 4a-4a.
Fig. 4b is a cross-sectional view of the suture needle of Fig. 4 taken along lines 4b-4b.
Fig. 4c is a cross-sectional view of the suture needle of Fig. 4 taken along lines 4c-4c.
Fig. 5 is a top view of the cap of the instrument of Fig. 1.
Fig. 6 is a partially exploded side view of the surgical suture instrument of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a side view of the surgical suture instrument of the present invention illustrating the needle in retracted position.
2~9~6~
Fig. 8 is a side view of a needle manipulation rod of the present invention.
Fig. 8a is a cross-sectional view of the needle manipulation rod of Fig. 8 taken along lines 8a-8a.
Fig. 8b is a cross-sectional view of the needle manipulation rod of Fig. 8 taken along lines 8b-8b.
Fig. 9 is a front view of a needle manipulation rod of the present invention.
Fig. 9a is a cross-sectional view of the needle 0 manipulation rod of Fig. 9 taken along lines 9a-9a.
DETAILED DESCRIPTIOM OF THE DRAWINGS
Referring now to the drawings, in which like reference numerals refer to similar embodiments, reference is initially made to Fig. 1, which illustrates the surgical suture instrument of the present invention, at reference numeral 10.
Casinq The instrument 10 includes a generally tubular~
shaped casing 12 of a size and configuration suitable for placement in a body opening. For purposes of the present invention, the term "body opening" is intended to include both surgically-manipulated and natural or non-surgically manipulated openings in a body cavity of a patient.
Aside from its primary purpose as a suture instrument, the tubular shape of the casing also serves as an obturator to occlude the body opening. The blockage prevents the escape of any gases and enables the body opening to retain the pneumoperitoneum and to maintain direct laparoscopic visionO
The casing 12 can be made of any material known to the art and suitable for surgical applications. For example, the casing 12 may be formed of a material designed for re-use, such as stainless steel. The casing 12 can also be designed for single use and made o~
disposable plastics or aluminum.
Referring now to Fig. 2, the casing 12 is preferably formed of two symmetrical pieces 14, 16 which 2~946~
", ~ , , .
are joined together by pins, screws or the like, identified at reference numeral 18. In the case of a disposable surgical instrument 10, the pins 18 may be permanently positioned such that the pieces 14, 16 are not capable of separating. If a re-usable instrument is contemplated, th~ pins 18 will preferably be in the form of screws in order to allow easy separation of the pieces 14, 16 for cleaning, sterilization and repairs.
Fig. 2 illustrates pieces 14, 16 in the casing 12, which are formed to provide a pocket 19 for slidably receiving a surgical needle 22. A second pocket 21 on the opposite side of the casing 12 is provided to allow complete manipulation of the needle 22 as will be described in more detail later in the specification.
The casing 12 may also be characterized by a cut-away portion 20 as illustrated on Fig. 7. The cut-away portion ~0 is adjacent the surgical suture needle 22, and is designed to provide a space for body tissue between the needle 22 and the shaft of the casing 12 in order to give the surgeon some "traction" to expose a suture opening 23 in the needle.
Cap and CouPler The casing 12 also preferably includes a collar 24, as illustrated in Figs. 1 and 6, for positioning an instrument cap 26 onto the surgical instrument 10. The collar 24 is designed to releasably mount a connecting coupler 28 onto the casing 12. The coupler 28 is provided with internal threads 30, which are designed to cooperate with external threads 32 on the cap 26. The assembling coupler 28 is provided to connect the cap 26 to the casing 12. The collar 24 is integrated with the casing 12 to maintain the cap 26 in position on the casing 12. Preferably, the casing 12 may be providPd with a positioning button 25 on the shaft of t~e casing 35 12 above the collar 24, as illustrated in Fig. 6, to coact with a channel 27, illustrated in phantom in Fig.
6, to properly position the cap 26 on the casi~g 12.
. .
.
209~685 As illustrated in Fig. 1, the cap 26 is preferably provided with finger grips 26a, 26b to assist the surgeon in manipulating the instrument 10. The finger grips 26a or 26b may be provided with a marker 31, e.g., a notice or other marking on one o~ the finger grips, to identify the position of the cut-away portion 20 and the needle 22 when the casing 12 is within a body opening.
Suture Needle Referring now to Figs. 1 and 3, there is illustrated the suture needle 22 of the instrument of the present invention. Preferably, the suture needle 22 is designed for single use and is therefore disposable. The needle 22 may be made of any material known to the art for use with surgical needles. Stainless steel is a pre~erred material, especially for reusable needles.
Howe~er, disposable needles may be made of other surgical steels as tarnishing is not a problem with disposable needles. The suture needle 22 is also preferably designed in a bowed configuration, although other configurations, known to the art for surgical needles, are contemplated. The suture needle 22 is characterized by a suture opening 23 for positioning suture material.
The suture opening 23 is preferably located near the puncture end 36 of the surgical needle 22. As illustrated in Figs. 4a, 4b and 4c, the width of the needle 22 increases as the from the puncture end 36 to the needle connection end 38 opposite the puncture end 36.
3C The needle connection end 38 is characterized by a notch 40, which engages with an axle 42 in the casing 12 of the assembled instrument 10 to allow the -suture needle 22 to pivotally rotate about the axle 42.
As illustrated in the fi~ures, the axle 42 may serve a 3S dual purpose of providing an axle for the suture needle 22 and providing an additional pin, e.g., pins 18, for securing the pieces 14 and 16 of the casing 12. The 2~94,6~
.
suture needle 22 can pivotally rotate such that the puncture end 36 is exposed, as illustrated in Figs. 1 and 3, or the puncture end 36 can be retracted within the casing 12, as illustrated ln Fig. 7. The pocket 21 in the casing 12 is provided to allow full mobility to the needle 22. In either the retracted or extended position, the needle connection end 38 extends into the pocket 21, as illustrated in Fig. 7, and the rounded surface 44 remains flush with the surface of the casing 12.
The needle connection end 38 is further defined by an internal edge 43 culminating at surface 44 that is used for rotating the suture needle 22. As illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4, the edge 43 is configured in a substantially straight-line pattern, the purpose of which will be explained later.
Needle Mani~ulation Rods Positioned within the casing 12 are two parallel disposed channels 50, 52, which may be of like si~e and length. The channels 50, 52 are designed to retain needle manipulation rods 54, 56, which are illustrated in Figs. 8 and 9. Referring to Fig. 5, the cap 26 is likewise provided with two channels 50a, 52a which align with the channels 50, 52, respectively when the cap 26 is placed in position on the casing 12.
As illustrated in Fig. 1, the needle manipulation rod 54 is defined by a finger-activated end 58, which extends from the channel 50. Li~ewise, the needle manipulation rod 56 is defined by a finger-activated end 60 protruding from channel 5Za.
Figs. 8 and 9 illustrate one of the manipulation rods, i. e., manipulation rod 54. The manipulation rods 54, 56 are further defined by a body 62, which is preferably square. It is within the scope of the present invention to provide a body 62, of any shape. However, a rounded shape is not desired as it will allow the manipulation rods 54, 56 to spin within the channels 50, 52.
2Q9~85 _g _ The lower end of the body 62 is defined by a slotted portion 64. The slotted portion 64 provides a chamber 66 fo~ receiving the needle 22 when the needle is in the retracted position as illustrated in Fig. 7. It is within the scope of the present invention to provide chambers 66 of the same size in each manipulation rod 54, 56. Alternatively, the chamber 66 of the manipulation rod 56 may be shorter as it only needs to accommodate the needle 22 at the area near the puncture end 36, while the chamber 66 of the manipulation rod 54 must accommodate substantially more of the needle 22 when the needle 22 retracts within the casing 12.
Located at the opposite end of the finger activated ends 58, 60 are the needle manipulation ends 67, 68 respectively. Needle manipulation ends 67, 68 are designed to coact with the edge 43 of the needle 22 to expose or retract the needle 22 according to the finger manipulations of the surgeon. In this manner the edge 43 provides a piroting surface for the rods 54, 56. For example, by fully depressing the finger-activated end 58 of the manipulation rod 54 and simultaneously releasing the finger-activated end 60 of the manipulation rod 56, the needle manipulation end 67 of the manipulation rod 54 will coact with the edge 43 of the needle 22 moving the needle 22 to the position shown in Figs. 1 and 3 and causing the needle 22 to be exposed.
Alternatively, by depressing the finger-activated end 60 of the manipulation rod 56 and releasing the finger-activated end 58 of the manipulation rod 54, the needle manipulation end 68 of the manipulation rod 56 will coact with the edge 43 of the needle 22 to retract the needle 22 into the pocket 19 of the casing 12 and into the slots 66 of the manipulation rods 54, 56, as shown in Fig. 7.
Assemblv and DisassemblY
The instrument lO is designed to be easily assembled or disassembled. To assemble the instrument 2 ~
. ~ ^\
--10~
10, the pieces 14, 15 of the casing 12 are position and attached together by ~eans of the pins 18 and the axle 42. The needle 22 is placed through the pocket 19 and positioned on the axle 42 as illustrated in Fig. 3. The manipulation rods 54, 56 are then placed in the channels 50, 52 such that the slots 66 are in proper placement and alignment with respect to the needle. The coupler 28 is slipped over the casing 12 and placed in alignment with the collar 24. The cap 26 is fitted over the manipulation rods 54, 56 such that the channels 50a, 52a in the cap coact with the channels 50, 52 in the casing 12. The coupler 28 is then thxeadably tightened onto the cap. Disassembly follows the opposite procedure.
Preferred Mode of Use A preferred method of closing an umbilical incision with the surgical suture instrument 10 of the present invention will no~ be described. Following completion of the operative portion of the surgical procedure, the umbilical trocar is removed. A finger or blunt trocar may then be inserted into the incision site to prevent carbon dioxide gas from leaking out of the abdominal cavity.
When the suture is to be made at the umbilical body opening, the finger or blunt trocar is removed and the surgical instrument 10 is positioned in the body opening. At this point, the surgeon fully depresses the finger-activated end 60 of the manipulation rod 56 to retract the needle 22 such that the puncture end 36 is within the casing 12 as illustrated in Fig. 7~ The surgical instrument 10 is then advanced into the body cavity through the body opening. When the surgeon observes that the needle 22 has passed beyond the body cavity wall, the surgeon fully depresses the finger~
activated end 58 of the manipulation rod 54 to expose the puncture end 36 of the needle 22. The needle 22 is then ready to pierce the tissue wall. The instrument 10 is then retracted from the body opening. Retracting the 2~9~68~
instrument 10 from the body opening enables the puncture end 36 of the needle to penetrate the surgically-cut body tissue a~jacent the body opening. The surgeon can manipulate the needle 22 by adjustably depressing the finger-activated ends 58 and 60 of the manipulation rods . 54, 56. At this point, the puncture end 36 of the needle has successfully punctured the tissue.
Gentle retraction of the surgical instrument 10 allows the needle 22 exit the body opening and expose the suture opening 23. At this point, the body tissue is s~ewered on the needle 22.
When the suture~opening 23 of the needle 22 is exposed at skin level, a suture is passed through the suture opening 23. Suture material can be any of a variety of surgical suture thread-like material known to the art~ The instrument 10 is then gentl~ reinserted in the body opening, with minimal pressure, on the manipulation rods 54, 56, allowing the needle 22 to naturally pull through its track in the tissue until the surgeon can see the full needle in the body cavity via the endoscopic camera in the other body opening. The instrument lO is then rotated approximately 1800. The surgeon fully depresses the manipulation rod 54 to expose the needle, and the instrument 10 is withdrawn from the 25 body opening. As before, the surgeon can balance the .
pressure between the manipulation rods 54, 56 in order to "sheath the tip" of the needle 22 after it has passed the body tissue and before it breaks the skin.
When the suture can be seen from outside the body opening, the thread is grasped and extracted from the suture opening 23 in the needle. The stitch is placed, but not tied. The instrument 10 is then ready for re-insertion in the body opening, in order to release the needle 22 from the tissue. once the instrument has been reinserted ln the body opening, the needle 22 is then fully sheathed by pressing the ~inger-activated end 60 of the manipulation rod 56 and the instrument is -- . .
2 ~ 9 4 6 8 ~
.
completely and finally removed from the body opening.
The suture i5 tied to close the body opening.
The instrument 10 allows a safe, secure and expeditious tissue closure mechanism for small trocar incisions while maintaining adequate pneumoperitoneum and direct laparoscopic visualization.
It is understood that the invention is not confined to the particular construction and arrangement herein illustrated and described, but embraces such modified forms thereof as come within the scope of the following claims. For example, activators such as rocker switches, handles and buttons are contemplated to manipulate the needle 22.
Claims (41)
1. A surgical suture instrument, comprising:
a casing comprising a pocket for housing a suture needle;
a suture needing having a puncture end and a manipulation end, the suture needles being pivotally positioned within the pocket, such that the puncture end is alternately exposed or retracted within the casing;
and means associated with the manipulation end of the suture needle and operable from a proximal end of the instrument casing for manipulating the suture needle between a retracted position and an exposed position whereby the needle is pivoted outwardly away from the casing.
a casing comprising a pocket for housing a suture needle;
a suture needing having a puncture end and a manipulation end, the suture needles being pivotally positioned within the pocket, such that the puncture end is alternately exposed or retracted within the casing;
and means associated with the manipulation end of the suture needle and operable from a proximal end of the instrument casing for manipulating the suture needle between a retracted position and an exposed position whereby the needle is pivoted outwardly away from the casing.
2. The suture instrument of Claim 1 wherein the casing comprises two pieces joined together.
3. The suture instrument of Claim 1 wherein the casing is configured and dimensioned sufficient such that upon insertion of the instrument into a body opening the body opening becomes occluded.
4. The suture instrument of Claim 1 comprising disposable component parts.
5. The suture instrument of Claim 1 wherein the casing further includes first and second axially positioned channels, the casing further comprising first and second needle manipulation rods slidably positioned within the first and second channels of the casing respectively, the first and second needle manipulation rods each having a finger-activated end and a needle manipulation end, wherein the first needle manipulation rod comprises means to retract the puncture end of the needle and the second needle manipulation rod comprises means to expose the puncture end of the needle.
6. The suture instrument of Claim 5 wherein the needle manipulation rods include a structure which prevents rotation of the manipulation rods within the channels.
7. The suture instrument of Claim 5 wherein the needle manipulation rods are slotted to receive the puncture end of the suture needle when the suture needle is retracted.
8. The suture instrument of Claim 1 comprising an axle for pivotally positioning the suture needle.
9. The suture instrument of Claim 5 wherein the casing includes an open end and a closed end, wherein the open end comprises a cap for maintaining the needle manipulation rods in the casing, the cap being provided with openings for exposing the finger manipulation ends of the manipulation rods.
10. The suture instrument of Claim 9 wherein the openings of the cap are axially aligned with the first and second channels in the casing.
11. The suture instrument of Claim 10 wherein the casing comprises a collar for positioning the cap on the casing.
12. The suture instrument of Claim 10 wherein the cap further comprises finger grips.
13. A surgical instrument for closing a trocar incision which comprises:
an elongated housing having at least one longitudinal pocket adjacent a distal end thereof;
at least one needle deployably mounted on said elongated housing; and movable means associated with said housing, independent of said at least one needle, for operably deploying said at least one needle between a first position substantially within said pocket and a second position outwardly spaced from said elongated housing means such that said needle is moved outwardly away from said elongated housing means.
an elongated housing having at least one longitudinal pocket adjacent a distal end thereof;
at least one needle deployably mounted on said elongated housing; and movable means associated with said housing, independent of said at least one needle, for operably deploying said at least one needle between a first position substantially within said pocket and a second position outwardly spaced from said elongated housing means such that said needle is moved outwardly away from said elongated housing means.
14. Apparatus for closing a trocar incision according to Claim 13 wherein said at least one needle is arcuate.
15. Apparatus for closing a trocar incision according to Claim 13 wherein when said at least one needle is in said second position said at least one needle is spaced from said pocket in substantially the same transverse plane therewith.
16. Apparatus for closing a trocar incision according to Claim 13 wherein said at least one needle includes a puncture end portion such that said at least one needle is oriented with said puncture end portion directed toward a proximal end of said elongated housing means.
17. Apparatus for closing a trocar incision according to Claim 13 wherein said movable means comprises distally movable means.
18. Apparatus for closing a trocar incision according to Claim 17 wherein said movable means comprises at least one rod slidably mounted within said housing.
19. A surgical instrument for closing a body cavity incision which comprises:
an elongated housing having a proximal end and a distal end;
at least one needle having a puncture end;
means associated with said elongated housing for deployably mounting said at least one needle, such that upon deployment of said needle, said puncture end is directed toward said proximal end of said elongated housing; and means disposed within said housing for operably deploying said at least one needle from a first position to a second position spaced from said elongated housing.
an elongated housing having a proximal end and a distal end;
at least one needle having a puncture end;
means associated with said elongated housing for deployably mounting said at least one needle, such that upon deployment of said needle, said puncture end is directed toward said proximal end of said elongated housing; and means disposed within said housing for operably deploying said at least one needle from a first position to a second position spaced from said elongated housing.
20. A surgical instrument for closing a body cavity incision according to Claim 19 wherein said deployably mounting means comprises a pivot mounted within said elongated housing such that said at least one needle is pivotable about said pivot.
21. A surgical instrument for closing a body cavity incision according to Claim 19 wherein said deploying means comprises at least one rod slidably mounted within said housing.
22. A surgical instrument for closing a body cavity incision according to Claim 19 wherein when said at least one needle is in said second position said at least one needle is spaced from said pocket in substantially the same transverse plane therewith.
23. A surgical instrument for closing a body cavity incision according to Claim 19 wherein said at least one needle includes a puncture end portion such that said at least one needle is oriented with said puncture end portion directed toward a proximal end of said elongated housing means.
24. Apparatus for closing a trocar incision which comprises:
an elongated housing having at least one longitudinal pocket adjacent a distal end thereof such that said at least one longitudinal pocket defines an opening having a plane normal to a radial plane of said elongated housing;
at least one needle deployably mounted on said elongated housing portion; and actuating means for operably deploying said at least one needle transverse to said normal plane of said pocket such that said needle is moved outwardly away from said elongated housing.
an elongated housing having at least one longitudinal pocket adjacent a distal end thereof such that said at least one longitudinal pocket defines an opening having a plane normal to a radial plane of said elongated housing;
at least one needle deployably mounted on said elongated housing portion; and actuating means for operably deploying said at least one needle transverse to said normal plane of said pocket such that said needle is moved outwardly away from said elongated housing.
25. Apparatus for closing a trocar incision according to Claim 24 wherein said at least one needle is deployably mounted on said elongated housing whereby said at least one needle is pivotable between a first position and a second position.
26. Apparatus for closing a trocar incision according to Claim 24 wherein said actuating means comprises at least one rod slidably disposed within said elongated housing.
27. Apparatus for closing a trocar incision according to Claim 24 wherein said at least one needle is arcuate.
28. Apparatus for closing a trocar incision according to Claim 24 wherein said at least one needle includes a puncture end portion such that said at least one needle is oriented with said puncture end portion directed toward a proximal end of said elongated housing means.
29. A surgical instrument for closing a trocar incision which comprises:
an elongated housing having a distal end;
at least one needle deployably mounted on said elongated housing, said at least one needle having a puncture end portion such that said at least one needle is oriented with said puncture end portion directed toward a proximal end of said elongated housing; and means associated with said housing, distally movable for operably deploying said at least one needle between a first position and a second position outwardly spaced from said elongated housing such that said needle is moved outwardly away from said elongated housing.
an elongated housing having a distal end;
at least one needle deployably mounted on said elongated housing, said at least one needle having a puncture end portion such that said at least one needle is oriented with said puncture end portion directed toward a proximal end of said elongated housing; and means associated with said housing, distally movable for operably deploying said at least one needle between a first position and a second position outwardly spaced from said elongated housing such that said needle is moved outwardly away from said elongated housing.
30. A surgical instrument for closing a trocar incision according to Claim 29 wherein said at least one needle is arcuate.
31. A laparoscopic surgical instrument for closing a trocar incision which comprises:
an elongated housing having a proximal end portion and distal end;
at least one needle deployably mounted adjacent said distal end; and means associated with said elongated housing, detachably connected to said at least one needle, for operably deploying said at least one needle between a first position and a second position outwardly spaced from said elongated housing such that said needle is moved outwardly away from said elongated housing.
an elongated housing having a proximal end portion and distal end;
at least one needle deployably mounted adjacent said distal end; and means associated with said elongated housing, detachably connected to said at least one needle, for operably deploying said at least one needle between a first position and a second position outwardly spaced from said elongated housing such that said needle is moved outwardly away from said elongated housing.
32. A laparoscopic surgical instrument for closing a trocar incision according to Claim 31 wherein said at least one needle is arcuate.
33. A laparoscopic surgical instrument for closing a trocar incision according to Claim 31 wherein said closed housing includes at least one longitudinal pocket said pocket defining an opening having a plane normal to a radial plane of said elongated housing and wherein when said at least one needle is in said second position, said at least one needle is spaced from said pocket in a plane transverse to said normal plane of said pocket.
34. A laparoscopic surgical instrument for closing a trocar incision according to Claim 31 wherein said at least one needle includes a puncture end portion such that said at least one needle is oriented with said puncture end portion directed toward said proximal end of said elongated housing means.
35. A laparoscopic surgical instrument comprising:
an elongated housing having a proximal end and a distal end;
at least one needle;
means for mounting said at least one need adjacent said distal end of said elongated housing for movement between first and second positions; and means for engaging said mounting means to move said at least one needle to said second position.
an elongated housing having a proximal end and a distal end;
at least one needle;
means for mounting said at least one need adjacent said distal end of said elongated housing for movement between first and second positions; and means for engaging said mounting means to move said at least one needle to said second position.
36. A surgical suture instrument, comprising:
a housing having needle protecting means therein for retaining and protecting at least a needle puncture end of a suture needle adapted to be mounted in said instrument; and means for displacing said needle from said housing to expose said needle puncture end when said needle is displaced from said housing.
a housing having needle protecting means therein for retaining and protecting at least a needle puncture end of a suture needle adapted to be mounted in said instrument; and means for displacing said needle from said housing to expose said needle puncture end when said needle is displaced from said housing.
37. A surgical suture instrument, comprising:
a housing;
a needle protecting means in said housing adapted to receive a needle puncture tip therein; and means for displacing said needle and said needle puncture tip from said housing.
a housing;
a needle protecting means in said housing adapted to receive a needle puncture tip therein; and means for displacing said needle and said needle puncture tip from said housing.
38. A surgical suture instrument, comprising:
a casing comprising a pocket for housing a suture needle;
a suture needle having a first puncture end and a second manipulation end, the suture needle being pivotally positioned within the pocket such that the first puncture end is protectively housed within said pocket and may be alternately exposed or retracted within the casing; and means to manipulate the suture needle within the casing.
a casing comprising a pocket for housing a suture needle;
a suture needle having a first puncture end and a second manipulation end, the suture needle being pivotally positioned within the pocket such that the first puncture end is protectively housed within said pocket and may be alternately exposed or retracted within the casing; and means to manipulate the suture needle within the casing.
39. The suture instrument of Claim 38 wherein the casing comprises two pieces joined together.
40. The suture instrument of Claim 38 wherein the casing further includes first and second axially positioned channels, the casing further comprising first and second needle manipulation rods slidably positioned within the first and second channels of the casing respectively, the first and second needle manipulation rods having first finger-activated ends and second needle manipulation ends, wherein the first needle manipulation rod comprises means to retract the first puncture end of the needle and the second needle manipulation rod comprises means to expose the first puncture end of the needle.
41. A surgical suture instrument comprising a suture needle, and a housing having an elongated body, said suture needle comprising a substantially rigid needle capable of substantially retaining its shape without deformation thereof during manipulation of said needle, said needle having a puncture end and being pivotally mounted in said elongated body, said body having an interference-free suture deployment and retraction path in which said deployment path extends outwardly of said body, and in which said deployment path terminates in a deployment position for said puncture end, said deployment path being adapted to permit said puncture end to be deployed exteriorly of said body for surgical use, and said needle when in said retraction position is at least partially stored in said body.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US87221292A | 1992-04-22 | 1992-04-22 | |
US07/872,212 | 1992-04-22 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CA2094685A1 true CA2094685A1 (en) | 1993-10-23 |
Family
ID=25359078
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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CA002094685A Abandoned CA2094685A1 (en) | 1992-04-22 | 1993-04-22 | Surgical suture instrument |
Country Status (3)
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US (2) | US5403328A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0567130A1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2094685A1 (en) |
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-
1993
- 1993-02-03 US US08/013,244 patent/US5403328A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-04-22 EP EP93106570A patent/EP0567130A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1993-04-22 CA CA002094685A patent/CA2094685A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
1995
- 1995-02-23 US US08/393,571 patent/US5662663A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US5662663A (en) | 1997-09-02 |
US5403328A (en) | 1995-04-04 |
EP0567130A1 (en) | 1993-10-27 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
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EEER | Examination request | ||
FZDE | Discontinued | ||
FZDE | Discontinued |
Effective date: 19990422 |