CA2071986C - Media storage and retrieval system - Google Patents
Media storage and retrieval systemInfo
- Publication number
- CA2071986C CA2071986C CA002071986A CA2071986A CA2071986C CA 2071986 C CA2071986 C CA 2071986C CA 002071986 A CA002071986 A CA 002071986A CA 2071986 A CA2071986 A CA 2071986A CA 2071986 C CA2071986 C CA 2071986C
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N5/00—Details of television systems
- H04N5/76—Television signal recording
- H04N5/765—Interface circuits between an apparatus for recording and another apparatus
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N5/00—Details of television systems
- H04N5/76—Television signal recording
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
- G06F16/40—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of multimedia data, e.g. slideshows comprising image and additional audio data
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
- G06F16/40—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of multimedia data, e.g. slideshows comprising image and additional audio data
- G06F16/48—Retrieval characterised by using metadata, e.g. metadata not derived from the content or metadata generated manually
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
- G06F16/70—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of video data
- G06F16/74—Browsing; Visualisation therefor
- G06F16/748—Hypervideo
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
- G06F16/90—Details of database functions independent of the retrieved data types
- G06F16/93—Document management systems
- G06F16/94—Hypermedia
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B27/00—Editing; Indexing; Addressing; Timing or synchronising; Monitoring; Measuring tape travel
- G11B27/02—Editing, e.g. varying the order of information signals recorded on, or reproduced from, record carriers
- G11B27/031—Electronic editing of digitised analogue information signals, e.g. audio or video signals
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- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
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- G11B27/02—Editing, e.g. varying the order of information signals recorded on, or reproduced from, record carriers
- G11B27/031—Electronic editing of digitised analogue information signals, e.g. audio or video signals
- G11B27/034—Electronic editing of digitised analogue information signals, e.g. audio or video signals on discs
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
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- G11B27/10—Indexing; Addressing; Timing or synchronising; Measuring tape travel
- G11B27/11—Indexing; Addressing; Timing or synchronising; Measuring tape travel by using information not detectable on the record carrier
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- G11B27/10—Indexing; Addressing; Timing or synchronising; Measuring tape travel
- G11B27/19—Indexing; Addressing; Timing or synchronising; Measuring tape travel by using information detectable on the record carrier
- G11B27/28—Indexing; Addressing; Timing or synchronising; Measuring tape travel by using information detectable on the record carrier by using information signals recorded by the same method as the main recording
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- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B2220/00—Record carriers by type
- G11B2220/40—Combinations of multiple record carriers
- G11B2220/41—Flat as opposed to hierarchical combination, e.g. library of tapes or discs, CD changer, or groups of record carriers that together store one title
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- G11B27/022—Electronic editing of analogue information signals, e.g. audio or video signals
- G11B27/024—Electronic editing of analogue information signals, e.g. audio or video signals on tapes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10S707/99941—Database schema or data structure
- Y10S707/99948—Application of database or data structure, e.g. distributed, multimedia, or image
Abstract
The invention is a system for and method of determining media data associated with requests for the media data based on media source identifiers and range specifications on the source. The method involves reading in media data from disk and build-ing a database of the location of the media, allowing for the creation of other media. The system uses the database to build a table of source relations, accepting requests for media data and locating the media based on known existing media and queries for other sources related to the range requested. The system returns an identifier known by the system to the requester and accepts requests for information about and access to the actual media data specified by the identifier.
Description
~ WO91/10321 2 0 7 1 9 8 6 PCT/US90J07483 ~nIA ST~RAGE AND RETRIEVAL SYSTEM
Backqround of the Invention The invention relates to non-linear editing systems and the storage and retrieval of the media associated with the system, i.e., video and audio data.
Non-linear editing on computer oriented systems involves digitizing media data recorded from a linear source, e.g., a video tape cassette, and storing the digitized media data on a storage device, e.g., a hard disk drive. Once digitized, the media data can be accessed quickly at any point in the linear sequence in which it was recorded so that various portions of the data can be accessed and edited in a non-linear way.
Editing in either a linear or non-linear system involves a similar principle. Source material from some source (video tape, audio recording, film etc.) is broken down into a series of separate "clips" representing the material desired for the final master, and then reassembling these "clips" into a final sequence achieving the desire of the editor and producer. "Clips" can be either video or audio material or both (synchronous audio and video.) In a non-linear system the typical approach involved alloting to each clip an associated digitized section of the original source in storage on the system in a "media file." The system would allow the user to manipulate the clips in order to produce the final sequence. The clips referred to the media files when certain specific information about the source media was needed, such as the original source name or nature of the media (video or audio), or when the need arose ~' ` PCr/US90/07483
Backqround of the Invention The invention relates to non-linear editing systems and the storage and retrieval of the media associated with the system, i.e., video and audio data.
Non-linear editing on computer oriented systems involves digitizing media data recorded from a linear source, e.g., a video tape cassette, and storing the digitized media data on a storage device, e.g., a hard disk drive. Once digitized, the media data can be accessed quickly at any point in the linear sequence in which it was recorded so that various portions of the data can be accessed and edited in a non-linear way.
Editing in either a linear or non-linear system involves a similar principle. Source material from some source (video tape, audio recording, film etc.) is broken down into a series of separate "clips" representing the material desired for the final master, and then reassembling these "clips" into a final sequence achieving the desire of the editor and producer. "Clips" can be either video or audio material or both (synchronous audio and video.) In a non-linear system the typical approach involved alloting to each clip an associated digitized section of the original source in storage on the system in a "media file." The system would allow the user to manipulate the clips in order to produce the final sequence. The clips referred to the media files when certain specific information about the source media was needed, such as the original source name or nature of the media (video or audio), or when the need arose ~' ` PCr/US90/07483
2 0 ~7 1 ~
to actually view or hear (i.e., play) the media associated with the clip.
For example, a user editing on a non-linear system had the ability to manipulate clips into any order, use audio clips with other video clips, and create new clips by using smaller pieces of other clips. Tools existed to allow the user to combine clips of similar material for other effects. Video clips were used in combination to create dissolve effects, and audio clips to create various audio effects.
Typically, the output of an edit, i.e., an editing procedure such as the one described above, is an "Edit Decision List" (EDL) which can be used either by a conventional on-line editing system such as the CMX300 or a non-linear system to create or assemble a new linear sequence from other existing linear source material, e.g., video tape. The EDL is used to direct the on-line system to locate or "cue" the first frame of a desired clip which is recorded on a source video tape and loaded into a video tape recorder (VTR). The editing system then records the cued clip onto a target or destination medium, e.g., video tape, and cues the first frame of the next desired clip. (Note that the next desired clip may be recorded on the same or a different physical source medium as the first clip). Once cued, the editing system records the next desired clip onto the target medium. This process is repeated until the EDL
is exhausted and the target medium represents the selected original material reorganized into the sequence described by the EDL.
The standard or conventional method when establishing a system of media archival is as follows: As each clip of source material is captured for storage in the system, the information about the clip and its actual WO91/10321 ~ PCT/US90/07483 digitized data is either coresident or linked directly at the time of the capture. Whenever the clip is referenced by the user of the system, the media associated with it is always the same particular one that was associated with it at the time of the capture (whether the media was digitized or actually was still intact on the original source). Any manipulation or editing concerning the clip or segment would directly use the media data tied to it for viewing or playbac~. Any information about the source that it came from or equivalent sources would need to be stored with each clip or segment. As such, the whole collection of clips or segments would be needed at any time in order to determine the breadth of any source relationships. And as new source relationships were developed it would be difficult if not impossible to inform all clips or segments of the new information. Additionally, tying the media data directly to a clip or segment would make it necessary to duplicate media data if certain clips or segments overlapped or were contained entirely within one another.
The invention solves these and other difficulties and problems.
summarY of the Invention The invention involves dynamically linking or binding a digitized representation of the media with a specific reference to the media at the time the information is needed at run time and being able to change the binding as certain facets in the system change. To that end the invention is a system for determining the media needed at the time a clip is requested to be played~ viewed or information retrieved concerning the media associated with the clip. Specifically, each clip is dynamically connected to the specific media at the time that it needs access to the mP~;~ associated with it.
The inventlon also involves the separatlon of informatlon concernlng the speclfics of a plece of di~ltlzed medla, information specific about the source material the media was derlved from, and information concernlng the connectlon of medla data to those requesting or needin~ access to it. Speciflcally, the three groups of informatlon that are dlstinctly separate from each other are:
(1) the information concernlng physlcal source mediums may lndicate whlch sets (or subsets) of physlcal source material are equivalent, or make correlations in the labelllng of certain se~ments of the source material (example film edge numbers equlvalenced (i.e., correlated with time code);
(2) the informatlon about the speclflc digitlzed medla as to the type of media, the length of the data, the range on the source the media represents and the locations of such media resources; and (~) the information concerning the binding of the media data to the requesters of media. Included in the invention is the concept that the bindlng of medla resources to those ln need of the media is not made until the request for the media is made, and the fulfilment of the request may change depending on the media available at the time of the request.
The invention also involves the method of storage and retrieval of the necessary source relatlonal information from one invocation of the application to the next, such that it is coresident with the clips and/or media that it is specific for. This makes knowledge of the form of information , ~ ,,, storage inperceptable to the user of the system.
Accordlng to one aspect of the present lnventlon there is provided a system capable of the location and management of medla sub~ect to user instructions comprislng a database in which the media is stored, means for lndexlng and referencing the medla in the database such that the media is indexed according to its source; a table for storlng equi~alency relationships between media; means for managing the table of relatlonshlps separate from said means ~or indexing and referenclng the media and for determinlng which source identifiers identify media e~uivalent to others either entirely or ln at least one common subæectlon based on ranges o~ the source media as represented by an lndex relating to the t~pe of indexing used on the source media itself; and means for recalling the table management means and accessing the media to find the media requested by the user.
According to a further aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of managing digitlzed media data stored in a plurality of media files in a medla ~0 ~ile database, comprlslng the steps of: reading the media files from the media files database located on a storage device into a working memory; building a table of relations in the working memory in response to reading the media flles;
accepting a request for an operation on a part of a speclfled one of the media ~lles, the part being specified in the request by a start time and an end time of the specified media file; locating the requested media file in the table of relations or locating a media file related to the requested media file that satisfies the request; returnlng a handle to 4a 64371-42 207198~
the located media file; and writing the media files and the table of relatlons from the working memory to the media ~ile database on the storage device.
Accordlng to another aspect of the present inventlon there ls provided a computer-implemented process for facilitating access to media files stored in a computer-readable database, comprising the steps of receivlng a re~uest for a portion of a media file, wherein the re~uest includes an ldentifier of the media file and a range within the media file; locatlng the media flle correspondlng to the identifer lncluded ln the request, and lf the corresponding medla file cannot be located, identifying one of the plurality of media files as an equivalent to the requested portion of the media file.
According to another aspect of the present lnvention there ls provlded a computer-lmplemented process for facllitatlng access to digitized media data stored ln a plurality of computer-readable medla flles on a computer-readable medium, using a computer system having a table of relatlons, each relating identlfylng e~uivalent media files uslng, for each media flle, a unique source identifer that identlfles a source for the media file and a segment of sald source, the process comprising the steps of receiving an indication of a requested portion of a specified one of the media flles, the requested portion being identified by a start time and an end time in the specified media file; and locating the specified media file in the table of relations and, if the portion of the specified media file is not located, locatlng a ' ~ portion of a media file equivalent to the speclfied media file 4b 64~71-42 using the table of relatlons.
Accordln~ to a still further aspect of the present lnventlon there is provlded a multimedia computer-readable database system, comprlslng: a computer-readable medlum in which a plurality of computer-readable media files are stored;
a memory for storing a table of relatlons ! each relatlon identifying e~ulvalent medla files uslng, for each media file, a unique source ldentifier that identlfles a source for the media and a segment of sald source; means for receivlng an indicatlon of a requested portion of a specified one of the media files, the re~uested portion belng ldentlfled by a start tlme and an end time in the specifled medla file; and means for locatin~ the specified medla file in the table of relations; and means, operative when the portlon of the specified medla file is not located, for locatin~ a portion of a medla file equlvalent to the specified media ~ile using the table of relations.
According to a further aspect of the present invention there is provlded an apparatus for storlng media, the apparatus comprislng: a storage device in which the media ls stored; means for recelving input from a user indicatlng subsets of the media that are assoclated with a clip; and means, responsive to the means for receiving, for providlng a llnk among the subsets of the medla.
According to yet another aspect of the present lnvention there is provided a method for storing mediar the method comprising the steps of: storing the media ln a storage devlce; receiving input from a user indlcatlng subsets of the , ~ media that are associated with a clip; and providing a link 4c 6437~-42 among the subsets of the media.
According to a stlll further aspect of the present inventlon there is provided an apparatus for storing media including a plurality of records, the apparatus comprlslng a storage device in which the media ls stored; and a linked data list that associates a group of the plurallty of records, the group of the plurallt~ of records representing a clip.
Advantages of such a system are descrlbed below:
Media need only be digitized once. Clips referring in part or in whole to the same medla result in references ~'.' 4d 64371-42 ~ WO91/10321 ~ 0~7,1~9~
to the same physical data in the system. Duplicate copies of the media are not needed or created.
Deletion and recapturing of segments of the original source results in all clips referring to the specific new source material entered into the system.
Clips requesting media from one physical source may receive media from a distinctly different physical source if the sources have been identified as equivalent.
Actual location of the media in storage is free to move to any location on disk, without notification necessary to clips requiring reference to the media.
~çscriPtion of Preferred Embodiment Fig. 1 is a block diagram illustrating the overall functional relationships of the media storage and retrieval system according to the invention, with media hardware, disk storage and the user interface.
As shown in Fig. 1, media sources such as VTRs containing linear media data are controlled via editing and capture systems under the user's control. Digitized media data from the capture system is transferred and stored on a mass storage volume such as a hard disk drive as digitized media files and selectively retrieved under the control of a media storage and retrieval system which is the subject of the present application. The media storage and retrieval system is implemented preferably as a software application having two distinct components: the media file manager (MFM) and the source manager (SM) along with their respective databases, namely, the media database and the SM
database. A user accesses and operates on the digitized media files via calls placed by the editing system to the MFM which both creates and manages the media files. The MFM
also interacts with the SM which inter alia maintains a WO91/10321 ~ ~ PCT/US90/07~83 0 ~ ~2 07~g`:~ 6`
table of relations between the linear media data, recorded, for example, on source tapes, and the digitized media files.
MFM exists in modular software form and consists of a procedural interface that accepts requests for specific pieces of media from specific source material. SM exists in modular form and consists of a procedural interface that accepts requests for source material relational information, and requests to read or write source relational and specific information to an area of storage.
The source code appendix provides specific code for implementing both MFM and SM. The system makes use of two other procedural subsystems: one being a linked data list manager, and the other being a sectional file writing and reading manager. These subsystems are conventional utilities sometimes offered as "toolboxes~'.
Linked data list management involves the functions of linking together records of information in some order.
Other procedural interactions with this tool make it possible to sort the records in a variety of orders depending on certain key fields in the records. The list manager is also able to "sift" certain records from the entire pool of records based on requested values of key fields in the records.
Sectional file writing utility provides the ability for multiple clients to write data to the same file and retrieve it without knowledge of either the format of the file or the identity of other clients using the file.
Media File Manaqer Media File Manager (MFM) is responsible for the management of all media that is present at any time and available to the system for use. This media may be media recorded earlier and stored in some medium, or available on demand via some link to mechAnical devices. The media may WO91/10321 ~t~ ). PCT/US90/07483 2~7198'~'' be duplicately represented in a variety of resolutions or qualities. MFM's purpose is to locate media (or information pertaining thereto) specified by a user request consisting of a range of time from some specific source~ The range in time may be specified by the now common SMPTE time code, film edge numbers, real time or some other standard of range identification of source material. The request does consist of a specific source from which the media is desired. This specific source request is unique and the system works on the concept that identifiers exist that separately identify any source medium.
At any time after the system is initialized the MFM
has an internal abbreviation (i.e., a log or set of records) of all the media that is known to be accessible to it, and lS where and how that material may be retrieved. The internal abbreviation is contained in the media database built by the MFM. When a client of the MFM requests information or access to actual media, MFM uses its internal abbreviation of the media available to determine a media source that will serve as a satisfactory response to the client's request. A
MFM identifier is returned to the client. In any other requests for the specific media the client may use the identifier for quick access to the material. This identifier represents the dynamic link or binding of a 2S client's need for media and the actual source of media to be used. This identifier remains constant to the client, and any media deletions, changes or additions are changed internally by the MFM, i.e., transparently to the user, and have corresponding effects on any identifiers already released. As described in the procedural interface, two different types of identifiers can be released by the MFM.
For the sake of differentiation, one type is designated a MFM_CRUX and the other a MFM_GIST, the main difference WO91/10321 2 O ~ ~ 8 ~ PCT/US90/07483 between these being a level of privilege available to the client holding one and/or the other. The holder of a MFM_CRUX is able to make any number of procedural calls to MFM requesting information about the media, but the privilege to read or write the actual media is withheld.
Using a MFM_C~UX, the client can call a routine mfm_open which will give the client a MFM_GIST identifier. This identifier is accepted by mfm_read and mfm_close to be able to read the actual media from the file. The reason for this is to give the MFM some control over which physical connections to actual media are opened or closed. On some systems this is desired as the number of channels to existing media may be limited, and MFM needs a method of managing access.
~edia File Procedural Interface The media file manager (MFM) is a procedural interface between a media requester and the media files themselves. The interface consists of a set of software modules which are described below.
- mfm init Mfm_init is called at the time the application is invoked. It is a one-time operation. Its basic functionality is to initialize the linked list data structures that will be needed and determine all media available on the system at the current time. Functionally it scans all the disk dri~es on the system and determines if the short-hand version of the media file database which it has previously placed on the drive is valid. This is determined by comr~ring the time stamp on the file with the time stamp on the directory in which it was stored. If they are equal (they are made equal when the database was written) then the database is valid and MFM proceeds to read in the information pert~;ning to it into RAM using the WO91/10321 2 ~ 8~'G~'~ PCT/US90/07483 sectional file routines and then passes the file to the SM
(sm_readNtable) so that it can read in the SM information stored there. Of course, the file itself is not transferred; only its address in memory. If it is invalid then the file is passed to the SM for processing the SM
information contained in it (see mfm quit), and then all media files on the volume are scanned individually. In the reading of the media databases and the scanning of the other drives the run time media database (Fig. l) is initialized with its original media.
- mfm handle Mfm_h~n~le is the call a client, e.g., the user interface (Fig. l), uses to receive an identifier (MFM_CRUX) giving inquiry rights on the media and for determining a binding between the request and an actual media source. The request is comprised of a source unique identifier or "id", a range on the source, type of media (video or audio,) and the physical channel requested if any that the source media was recorded from (for instance the type of media may be audio, and the physical channel may be two, indicating audio2 media). To handle the request MFM sifts through its existing linked list of records based on the values of the request. (This is actually done with search support procedures within the linked list utility.) If a match is found then the handle to that record is returned in the form of a MFM_CRUX. If no media is found, then MFM calls SM_relate to determine if any other source material has equivalent material contained in it, equal to that being requested by the client. If so, MFM then again sifts its database, looking for the appropriate media on these other sources. If any is found a MFM_CRUX handle is returned to the client. If no media is obtained via any of these methods, mfm_h~n~le returns a MFM_CRUX for BLACK or SILENCE
WO91/10321 ~ 07~ ~8 01~ PCT/US90/07483 0 depending on the media type originally requested, and flags an error message that no media as requested was available.
- mfm open Mfm_open is called by the client when it will be necessary to actually obtain media data from the media source. Mfm_open accepts a MFM_CRUX identifier, which the client/requester must have already obtained, and proceeds to establish a connection with the media source (open the file). Once the connection is established the client is given a MFM_GIST identifier. This identifier can be used with mfm_read calls to obtain the actual raw media data.
- mfm read Mfm_read is the procedural interface used to pass actual media data from the media source into a buffer specified by the caller. The parameters to the call are designed such that the caller asks for a frame of information using a range identifier to identify the frame offset from zero of the range scale. For example in the time code ranging method, the caller asks for the absolute time code of the frame desired. The call analyzes the type of media being requested, the size of the buffer the caller has provided and the number of frames the caller has requested. Based on this information a best fit is made for the caller's buffer and the actual number of frames passed to the buffer is returned.
- mfm close Mfm_close is used to allow MFM to close the channel to the media source. The call accepts a MFM_GIST identifier and from this identifier MFM is able to distinguish if the media channel is open for write (a previous mfm_create call), or open for read (a previous mfm_open call).
If the media channel is open for write, the call e~m;nes a parameter which indicates caller specific ~ WO91/10321 2 ~ 7 1 9~6 j ~ ~ PCT/US90/07483 information about the nature of the write to the channel.
Length, range identifier, media identifier and data rate over time are all specified. MFM includes this information in the media channel in a header and then closes the channel. This media channel (source) is now availa~le in the MFM database as a possible candidate for fulfilling a mfm_handle request.
If on the other hand the channel was open for read (via a previous mfm_open) the channel is simply noted as being closed for that particular client, and if no other clients are using the channel then the channel is closed.
Regardless of the type of closure, the MFM_GIST
identifier passed in is no longer valid, and a MFM_CRUX
identifier is passed back to the caller. This identifier would be used in further calls to mfm_open if the client again desired an open channel to the media data.
The call mfm_close also makes decisions on the type of channel being created. Two types are possi~le, temporary and disk resident. A temporary media channel exists in memory only for the duration of the application run, disk resident files are placed on disk and will be available at the time of the next application invocation. For example, an expe~imental dissolve effect on two other video media channels might become a temporary file, while actual video from an external source might be captured, digitized and stored in a disk resident file.
- mfm create Mfm_create is the procedural interface used by the client who wishes to permanently store media data on file with the MFM. The call grants the caller a MFM_GIST
identifier allowing calls to mfm_write to actually write the mP~; A data to a open channel. At the time of the call MFM
checks its available space for recording of such information WO9l/10321 ~ ~ 7 ~ = PCT/US90/07483 and sets up to receive media data into such space.
Specifically mfm_create creates files on disk and pre-allocates their size as large as possible. The initial header on the file is created and it is cast a media channel in the stage of creation. In this way it can be identified later if the caller fails to write data to the channel, or fails to close the channel (via mfm_close.) - mfm write Mfm write is the procedural interface used by the caller to actually transfer media data obtained from source into a media channel of the MFM. It is in this way that MFM
is able to store media data for use later as a media source in response to mfm_handle requests.
Specifically the call takes in a pointer to a buffer containing the data and a length on this particular buffer.
The data is copied from the buffer for the specified length into the media channel identified by the MFM_GIST identifier h~n~l ed in via a previous call to mfm_create. The buffer information is simply copied onto the end of any data already written to the channel. The channel may be a temporary channel (main memory) or a dis~ resident channel (disk file). The two types of records are structured according to the following formats.
~1~wo 91/10321 2 0 7l ~8~ PCr/US90107483 l~untime .~IFM reco~d strucsure Onc of thcse is present in memory at runtime for each ~ow~ media fle OUt on disk.
See C typcdef for ~FM_Crux_t in mfm_pYt.h r~l id~ntifier This is the physical ch~nnel associated wirh the media Iype from the pltysical sousce. ~e: ~wo tracks of audio from the same source would bc differenr nre~ by different channcl idcntifiers.
File_use All internal i~l~ntifi~.r in~~ic~tir,g whe~hcr ~hc mcdia fi}e is opcn for acccssand if so thc na~ure o~ the open, read or write.
Media Type This is an inr.~rn~ e~tifi~.r inciiration what Iype of mcdia data is storcd in she filc. Ie: video or audio or some othes.
File Typc This is an inrern~ enrifi~ S tO the forma~ of ~he mcdia s~ored in thc file.
~olume ~D
Dir ID
Filenamc These three fields togetner in~lic~e the exact position on disk such that the file can bc opcned, read, wn~ten or closcd.
U~
This i~ thc unique sourcc m~ rr. This is the uid that the SM
tracks and manages in its ~b~e S~ar~_~ime This is the range i~ennT7~r for ~hc position in thc sourcc Iha~ ~he bCginni~ of the media data in this file co~responds to.
End_timc ~ d ra~ge i~lcn~ifi~r.
Mc~ia_spccific This is a op~nal area for s~orage of specfic inTorrn~tion for this particular type of media.
WO 91/10321 ~ PCr/US90/07483 2071~8 6; ~
Di~k~ile ~I~M header One of thcsc is prcsent on disk at the bc~nning of each media file.
See C typedef for mfm_base_t in mfm_p~t.h Channel idcntificr This is ~he physical cha~nel associat~ed with the media ~ype from the physical source. Ie: Two track~ of audio from the same source wou~d be differe~n~tf~ by differeQt ch~nnel i~entifie-s.
Media Type This is a~ inlernal idenrifie~ in(liG~ion w~a~ type of media data is stored in shc file. Ic: vidco or audio or some other.
File Typc This is ~n inre n~ en~fi~r zs IO ~e forma~ of the media s~ored in the filc.
Name This is a copy of the charac~er name the user specifi~-~l as th~ sourc~ of the media da~a in thc filc.
This is the u~ique source medi~m i(lcn~ificr. This is the uid that thc SM
tracks and nt~n~cs in itS ~ b~ce.
Starr_timc Thi5 is thc rangc ~ nn~r for thc poQilion in thc sourcc ~ha~ thc b~ ni~g of the media data in this file co~esponds to.
End_timc E~d ra~ge idcn~ifi~r.
MeAi~ spccific This is a optional arca fo~ storage of spccfic inforrn~tinn for this parncular type of mcL~a 207198~
~ WO91/10321 PCT/US90/07483 - mfm quit Mfm_~uit is the procedura~ called used by the application when the application is ~uitting. It provides MFM with the opportunity to clean up and write any information necessary out to permanent storage before quitting.
Specifically, the list of current media channels known to exist is sorted and sifted based on the areas in which the channels exist. All the records in the list for those channels existing on a single hard disk are grouped together and written to disk as a single file. This write of information is done using the sectional file write utilities. Once the database is written to disk in this abbreviated form, the file handle is passed to SM
(sm_closeNwrite) so that SM information pertinent to the media channels on this disk can also be recorded in the file. MFM is unaware of the format or specifics of the SM
information. Once this is done for all existing disk drives, MFM releases any rem~;n;n~ storage used for its run time databases or lists. Control is returned to the caller (the application).
Source Manaqer Source Manager(SM) is responsible for the management of all information specific to the physical attributes of the source mediums. Each source medium is assigned a numerically unique identifier (UID) upon initial exposure to the system. To ensure a unique identification, the UID is a random number such as a combination o~ the seconds since January l, 1904 and the number of seconds since the system was started. The user specified name of the source is coupled with this unique identifier. This name/unique id pair is the m;n;~ information entered as a record in the Source Manager.
WO91/10321 a~7l98 6 PCT/US90/07483 0 At its most primitive functional level the SM
manages the list of source medium-names being used or referred to internally in the system at any point in time.
As an additional function the SM is responsible for 5 maint~;n;ng the relational connections of source mediums.
For example: if two video tapes have been identified with different names, but actually contain the same source video (albeit possibly different time code labelling), the SM is charged with cataloging this information once the user has made the information available. In a more specific and restrictive example it may be the case that only some portion of some source material is equivalent to some other portion of some other source material. This also the SM is responsible for storing and managing. These relationships may exist using different standards of labeling. For instance: SM could store the relationship that a particular piece of film starting at a specific edge number is equivalent to some video tape at a time code for some number of frames of video (or feet of film). This information is available to clients of the SM for whatever purposes are deemed nPc~c~ry by the clients. One such client in the system described here is the mfm handle procedural call in the MFM (See the description of mfm_handle).
The run-time SM database is retrieved at each invocation of the application. Specialized procedures are used for retrieval and reconstruction of the SM database.
The design and selection of the content of the information stored as well as the retrieval method itself allow the SM
to accommodate changes in the media sources available between application runs and mobility of files describing the edited sequences between systems independent of the media associated with them. The SM not only keeps track of the location of the media files and their sources but also WO91/10321 ~ 7 ~ 8~ ~ PCT/US90/07483 keeps track of varying equivalency relationships between the files and portions of files. Given these properties, the SM
functions in such a way as to never require the user to also be knowledgeable of the location of this source specific information that the SM maintains. To avoid the need of storing this information in its own localized place, the SM
stores the pertinent pieces of its database in the interested client's disk resident files. At the time of application invocation, as each of these clients accesses or opens the files specific to it, the SM is notified and also reads in the pertinent data to it, stored there at a previous time, or by the SM of another system.
Source Mana~er Procedural Interface - SMInit Sm_init is the procedural interface the application uses upon invocation in order to initialize the SM data structures. It is called once at this time and not again for the duration of the running of the application.
Specifically, the call uses the linked list manager to set up data structures to accept records of source names and source identifiers and for storage of any relational information between these existing sources. The actual data for the data structures is accumulated at a later time. No file is read in from disk or elsewhere at this time for initial s~ of the SM's list.
- SMReadNTable SMReadNTable is the procedural interface used by clients of the SM, enabling SM to read in data to be added to its data structures. Clients of SM who had in a previous application run provided SM the chance to include information in a file via use of the sectional file utilities use this call to enable the SM to read in the data and place it in the SM data base.
WO91/10321 2 0 ~ 9` ~ Ç PCT/US90/07483 ~
Specifically, the SM processes the call as follows:
First, the sectional file handle passed in the call is queried to determine if there is in fact any name information in the file pertinent to the SM. If there is, the length of the data is determined via a call to the sectional file manager and then the information is read into a block of main memory. Once the data is in main memory the data is traversed and processed. For each record of information it is checked to see if the information is already in the SM's database. If it is, it is skipped, if not it is added. This continues until the entire block of information is exhausted. Once this process is complete, the file is checked for the presence of any SM relational information. If any exists, a bloc~ of memory is allocated large enough to hold the information and the data read into it. Once in memory, it is traversed and processed. In much the same way as previous, any new information is added to the SM's database and redundant or repeated information is ignored. Once the process is complete, control is returned to the caller, and any memory allocated is returned.
- SMOpenTable SMOpenTable is the preliminary procedural call used by the caller to inform the SM to prepare for building a list of source identifiers. This list of source identifiers will be later used to determine the pertinent information to be written to a sectional file handle.
Specifically, SMOpenTable initializes a linked list to zero and returns an identifier to the list (i.e., the "list identifier") to the caller. This identifier is used in subse~uent calls to SMBuildTable as the caller encounters source identifiers to be included in the file it is creating.
~ WOgl/10321 PCT/US90/~7483 - S~BuildTable SMBuildTable is the procedural interface used by the client to indicate the source identifiers for which the pertinent SM information is to be stored in a sectional file manager handle to be indicated later (SMCloseNWriteTa~le).
The client making this call need not be concerned about indicating the same source identifier multiple times. SM
will resolve these duplications later when actually writing the file (SMCloseNWriteTable).
Specifically, the procedure uses a source identifier passed in by the client to locate the record in the SM
database and make an instantiation of the record in the list being built. The list being ~uilt is indicated by an identifier passed into the call. This list identifier was derived from a call to SMOpenTable.
- SMCloseNWriteTable SMCloseNWriteTa~le is the procedural interface used by the client to indicate to SM that it should use the source identifiers acc~l~t~lated in all previous calls to SMBuildTable on the specific list identifier, and write the pertinent SM information for those source identifiers to the sectional file manager specified. The procedure determines the unique list of identifiers, all relational information associated with that list and then also includes any new names introduced by the processing and inclusion of any relational information. This secondary inclusion happens only once and does not cause a recursive iteration of the algorithm. The information pertinent is then written to the sectional file manager hA~le specified, and control returned to the caller. It is the caller's responsibility to close the sectional file manager's handle.
Specifically, the process is as follows:
WO91/10321 PCT/US90/07483 ~
20~1986 First, the list of source identifiers is sorted and then traversed. As the traversal ensues, all duplications are eliminated yielding a list of unique records. Also as a product of the traversal, for each unique source identifier processed, the relational information pertinent to that specific source identifier is added to a list of relational information. Once this is completed, the list of relational information is traversed and processed.
As the list of relational information is traversed, two separate operations take place. First, the relational record is written to the sectional file manager handle specified in the call.
Second, any new source identifiers encountered are A~e~ to the unique source identifier list. After the relational list is processed, the source identifier list (with source names) is written to the sectional file manager h~n~le. This completes the process for SMCloseNWrite.
Control is returned to the caller.
- SMRelated SMRelated is the procedural interface for clients of the SM to obtain information about source relationships (relational information) that SM is managing. This is the primary function of the SM to the other systems in the application. For a given source identifier and range identification on that source, SMRelated will report any other source identifiers and ranges that have equivalent media. For example: Let us assume video tape A has a copy (or clip) of some material from tape B on it, and that copy of material occurs on tape A from time code 2 hours 7 minutes to time code 3 hours 27 minutes and on tape B from time code 4 hours 17 minutes to time code 5 hours 37 minutes. A caller to SMRelated asking for relations to tape B, time code 4 hours 40 minutes for a duration of 20 ~ W091/10321 ~0 71~8 ~;
minutes, (i.e., a portion of the clip) would receive from SMRelated the information that a-duplicate exists on tape A, 2 hours 30 minutes for a duration of 20 minutes.
Specifically the procedure works as follows. The record in the SM's database specified by the source identifier in the call is located. The relational information tagged on that record is sifted for the ranges specified in the caller's range specification. A list is constructed of all resultant records using the related source identifier and the related range specification. This list is a linked list manager list and the handle to it is returned. Control is returned to the caller. When the application quits via MFM_QUIT, the relations created by SMRelated are written to the MFD 14 on disk by the operation lS SMCloseNWriteTable which is described above. In this way, the table of relations is preserved in the media database on disk so that its information is easily transported with the media database.
The attached appendix embodies the MFM and SM modules. The progr~ing language and compiler used are THINK c version
to actually view or hear (i.e., play) the media associated with the clip.
For example, a user editing on a non-linear system had the ability to manipulate clips into any order, use audio clips with other video clips, and create new clips by using smaller pieces of other clips. Tools existed to allow the user to combine clips of similar material for other effects. Video clips were used in combination to create dissolve effects, and audio clips to create various audio effects.
Typically, the output of an edit, i.e., an editing procedure such as the one described above, is an "Edit Decision List" (EDL) which can be used either by a conventional on-line editing system such as the CMX300 or a non-linear system to create or assemble a new linear sequence from other existing linear source material, e.g., video tape. The EDL is used to direct the on-line system to locate or "cue" the first frame of a desired clip which is recorded on a source video tape and loaded into a video tape recorder (VTR). The editing system then records the cued clip onto a target or destination medium, e.g., video tape, and cues the first frame of the next desired clip. (Note that the next desired clip may be recorded on the same or a different physical source medium as the first clip). Once cued, the editing system records the next desired clip onto the target medium. This process is repeated until the EDL
is exhausted and the target medium represents the selected original material reorganized into the sequence described by the EDL.
The standard or conventional method when establishing a system of media archival is as follows: As each clip of source material is captured for storage in the system, the information about the clip and its actual WO91/10321 ~ PCT/US90/07483 digitized data is either coresident or linked directly at the time of the capture. Whenever the clip is referenced by the user of the system, the media associated with it is always the same particular one that was associated with it at the time of the capture (whether the media was digitized or actually was still intact on the original source). Any manipulation or editing concerning the clip or segment would directly use the media data tied to it for viewing or playbac~. Any information about the source that it came from or equivalent sources would need to be stored with each clip or segment. As such, the whole collection of clips or segments would be needed at any time in order to determine the breadth of any source relationships. And as new source relationships were developed it would be difficult if not impossible to inform all clips or segments of the new information. Additionally, tying the media data directly to a clip or segment would make it necessary to duplicate media data if certain clips or segments overlapped or were contained entirely within one another.
The invention solves these and other difficulties and problems.
summarY of the Invention The invention involves dynamically linking or binding a digitized representation of the media with a specific reference to the media at the time the information is needed at run time and being able to change the binding as certain facets in the system change. To that end the invention is a system for determining the media needed at the time a clip is requested to be played~ viewed or information retrieved concerning the media associated with the clip. Specifically, each clip is dynamically connected to the specific media at the time that it needs access to the mP~;~ associated with it.
The inventlon also involves the separatlon of informatlon concernlng the speclfics of a plece of di~ltlzed medla, information specific about the source material the media was derlved from, and information concernlng the connectlon of medla data to those requesting or needin~ access to it. Speciflcally, the three groups of informatlon that are dlstinctly separate from each other are:
(1) the information concernlng physlcal source mediums may lndicate whlch sets (or subsets) of physlcal source material are equivalent, or make correlations in the labelllng of certain se~ments of the source material (example film edge numbers equlvalenced (i.e., correlated with time code);
(2) the informatlon about the speclflc digitlzed medla as to the type of media, the length of the data, the range on the source the media represents and the locations of such media resources; and (~) the information concerning the binding of the media data to the requesters of media. Included in the invention is the concept that the bindlng of medla resources to those ln need of the media is not made until the request for the media is made, and the fulfilment of the request may change depending on the media available at the time of the request.
The invention also involves the method of storage and retrieval of the necessary source relatlonal information from one invocation of the application to the next, such that it is coresident with the clips and/or media that it is specific for. This makes knowledge of the form of information , ~ ,,, storage inperceptable to the user of the system.
Accordlng to one aspect of the present lnventlon there is provided a system capable of the location and management of medla sub~ect to user instructions comprislng a database in which the media is stored, means for lndexlng and referencing the medla in the database such that the media is indexed according to its source; a table for storlng equi~alency relationships between media; means for managing the table of relatlonshlps separate from said means ~or indexing and referenclng the media and for determinlng which source identifiers identify media e~uivalent to others either entirely or ln at least one common subæectlon based on ranges o~ the source media as represented by an lndex relating to the t~pe of indexing used on the source media itself; and means for recalling the table management means and accessing the media to find the media requested by the user.
According to a further aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of managing digitlzed media data stored in a plurality of media files in a medla ~0 ~ile database, comprlslng the steps of: reading the media files from the media files database located on a storage device into a working memory; building a table of relations in the working memory in response to reading the media flles;
accepting a request for an operation on a part of a speclfled one of the media ~lles, the part being specified in the request by a start time and an end time of the specified media file; locating the requested media file in the table of relations or locating a media file related to the requested media file that satisfies the request; returnlng a handle to 4a 64371-42 207198~
the located media file; and writing the media files and the table of relatlons from the working memory to the media ~ile database on the storage device.
Accordlng to another aspect of the present inventlon there ls provided a computer-implemented process for facilitating access to media files stored in a computer-readable database, comprising the steps of receivlng a re~uest for a portion of a media file, wherein the re~uest includes an ldentifier of the media file and a range within the media file; locatlng the media flle correspondlng to the identifer lncluded ln the request, and lf the corresponding medla file cannot be located, identifying one of the plurality of media files as an equivalent to the requested portion of the media file.
According to another aspect of the present lnvention there ls provlded a computer-lmplemented process for facllitatlng access to digitized media data stored ln a plurality of computer-readable medla flles on a computer-readable medium, using a computer system having a table of relatlons, each relating identlfylng e~uivalent media files uslng, for each media flle, a unique source identifer that identlfles a source for the media file and a segment of sald source, the process comprising the steps of receiving an indication of a requested portion of a specified one of the media flles, the requested portion being identified by a start time and an end time in the specified media file; and locating the specified media file in the table of relations and, if the portion of the specified media file is not located, locatlng a ' ~ portion of a media file equivalent to the speclfied media file 4b 64~71-42 using the table of relatlons.
Accordln~ to a still further aspect of the present lnventlon there is provlded a multimedia computer-readable database system, comprlslng: a computer-readable medlum in which a plurality of computer-readable media files are stored;
a memory for storing a table of relatlons ! each relatlon identifying e~ulvalent medla files uslng, for each media file, a unique source ldentifier that identlfles a source for the media and a segment of sald source; means for receivlng an indicatlon of a requested portion of a specified one of the media files, the re~uested portion belng ldentlfled by a start tlme and an end time in the specifled medla file; and means for locatin~ the specified medla file in the table of relations; and means, operative when the portlon of the specified medla file is not located, for locatin~ a portion of a medla file equlvalent to the specified media ~ile using the table of relations.
According to a further aspect of the present invention there is provlded an apparatus for storlng media, the apparatus comprislng: a storage device in which the media ls stored; means for recelving input from a user indicatlng subsets of the media that are assoclated with a clip; and means, responsive to the means for receiving, for providlng a llnk among the subsets of the medla.
According to yet another aspect of the present lnvention there is provided a method for storing mediar the method comprising the steps of: storing the media ln a storage devlce; receiving input from a user indlcatlng subsets of the , ~ media that are associated with a clip; and providing a link 4c 6437~-42 among the subsets of the media.
According to a stlll further aspect of the present inventlon there is provided an apparatus for storing media including a plurality of records, the apparatus comprlslng a storage device in which the media ls stored; and a linked data list that associates a group of the plurallty of records, the group of the plurallt~ of records representing a clip.
Advantages of such a system are descrlbed below:
Media need only be digitized once. Clips referring in part or in whole to the same medla result in references ~'.' 4d 64371-42 ~ WO91/10321 ~ 0~7,1~9~
to the same physical data in the system. Duplicate copies of the media are not needed or created.
Deletion and recapturing of segments of the original source results in all clips referring to the specific new source material entered into the system.
Clips requesting media from one physical source may receive media from a distinctly different physical source if the sources have been identified as equivalent.
Actual location of the media in storage is free to move to any location on disk, without notification necessary to clips requiring reference to the media.
~çscriPtion of Preferred Embodiment Fig. 1 is a block diagram illustrating the overall functional relationships of the media storage and retrieval system according to the invention, with media hardware, disk storage and the user interface.
As shown in Fig. 1, media sources such as VTRs containing linear media data are controlled via editing and capture systems under the user's control. Digitized media data from the capture system is transferred and stored on a mass storage volume such as a hard disk drive as digitized media files and selectively retrieved under the control of a media storage and retrieval system which is the subject of the present application. The media storage and retrieval system is implemented preferably as a software application having two distinct components: the media file manager (MFM) and the source manager (SM) along with their respective databases, namely, the media database and the SM
database. A user accesses and operates on the digitized media files via calls placed by the editing system to the MFM which both creates and manages the media files. The MFM
also interacts with the SM which inter alia maintains a WO91/10321 ~ ~ PCT/US90/07~83 0 ~ ~2 07~g`:~ 6`
table of relations between the linear media data, recorded, for example, on source tapes, and the digitized media files.
MFM exists in modular software form and consists of a procedural interface that accepts requests for specific pieces of media from specific source material. SM exists in modular form and consists of a procedural interface that accepts requests for source material relational information, and requests to read or write source relational and specific information to an area of storage.
The source code appendix provides specific code for implementing both MFM and SM. The system makes use of two other procedural subsystems: one being a linked data list manager, and the other being a sectional file writing and reading manager. These subsystems are conventional utilities sometimes offered as "toolboxes~'.
Linked data list management involves the functions of linking together records of information in some order.
Other procedural interactions with this tool make it possible to sort the records in a variety of orders depending on certain key fields in the records. The list manager is also able to "sift" certain records from the entire pool of records based on requested values of key fields in the records.
Sectional file writing utility provides the ability for multiple clients to write data to the same file and retrieve it without knowledge of either the format of the file or the identity of other clients using the file.
Media File Manaqer Media File Manager (MFM) is responsible for the management of all media that is present at any time and available to the system for use. This media may be media recorded earlier and stored in some medium, or available on demand via some link to mechAnical devices. The media may WO91/10321 ~t~ ). PCT/US90/07483 2~7198'~'' be duplicately represented in a variety of resolutions or qualities. MFM's purpose is to locate media (or information pertaining thereto) specified by a user request consisting of a range of time from some specific source~ The range in time may be specified by the now common SMPTE time code, film edge numbers, real time or some other standard of range identification of source material. The request does consist of a specific source from which the media is desired. This specific source request is unique and the system works on the concept that identifiers exist that separately identify any source medium.
At any time after the system is initialized the MFM
has an internal abbreviation (i.e., a log or set of records) of all the media that is known to be accessible to it, and lS where and how that material may be retrieved. The internal abbreviation is contained in the media database built by the MFM. When a client of the MFM requests information or access to actual media, MFM uses its internal abbreviation of the media available to determine a media source that will serve as a satisfactory response to the client's request. A
MFM identifier is returned to the client. In any other requests for the specific media the client may use the identifier for quick access to the material. This identifier represents the dynamic link or binding of a 2S client's need for media and the actual source of media to be used. This identifier remains constant to the client, and any media deletions, changes or additions are changed internally by the MFM, i.e., transparently to the user, and have corresponding effects on any identifiers already released. As described in the procedural interface, two different types of identifiers can be released by the MFM.
For the sake of differentiation, one type is designated a MFM_CRUX and the other a MFM_GIST, the main difference WO91/10321 2 O ~ ~ 8 ~ PCT/US90/07483 between these being a level of privilege available to the client holding one and/or the other. The holder of a MFM_CRUX is able to make any number of procedural calls to MFM requesting information about the media, but the privilege to read or write the actual media is withheld.
Using a MFM_C~UX, the client can call a routine mfm_open which will give the client a MFM_GIST identifier. This identifier is accepted by mfm_read and mfm_close to be able to read the actual media from the file. The reason for this is to give the MFM some control over which physical connections to actual media are opened or closed. On some systems this is desired as the number of channels to existing media may be limited, and MFM needs a method of managing access.
~edia File Procedural Interface The media file manager (MFM) is a procedural interface between a media requester and the media files themselves. The interface consists of a set of software modules which are described below.
- mfm init Mfm_init is called at the time the application is invoked. It is a one-time operation. Its basic functionality is to initialize the linked list data structures that will be needed and determine all media available on the system at the current time. Functionally it scans all the disk dri~es on the system and determines if the short-hand version of the media file database which it has previously placed on the drive is valid. This is determined by comr~ring the time stamp on the file with the time stamp on the directory in which it was stored. If they are equal (they are made equal when the database was written) then the database is valid and MFM proceeds to read in the information pert~;ning to it into RAM using the WO91/10321 2 ~ 8~'G~'~ PCT/US90/07483 sectional file routines and then passes the file to the SM
(sm_readNtable) so that it can read in the SM information stored there. Of course, the file itself is not transferred; only its address in memory. If it is invalid then the file is passed to the SM for processing the SM
information contained in it (see mfm quit), and then all media files on the volume are scanned individually. In the reading of the media databases and the scanning of the other drives the run time media database (Fig. l) is initialized with its original media.
- mfm handle Mfm_h~n~le is the call a client, e.g., the user interface (Fig. l), uses to receive an identifier (MFM_CRUX) giving inquiry rights on the media and for determining a binding between the request and an actual media source. The request is comprised of a source unique identifier or "id", a range on the source, type of media (video or audio,) and the physical channel requested if any that the source media was recorded from (for instance the type of media may be audio, and the physical channel may be two, indicating audio2 media). To handle the request MFM sifts through its existing linked list of records based on the values of the request. (This is actually done with search support procedures within the linked list utility.) If a match is found then the handle to that record is returned in the form of a MFM_CRUX. If no media is found, then MFM calls SM_relate to determine if any other source material has equivalent material contained in it, equal to that being requested by the client. If so, MFM then again sifts its database, looking for the appropriate media on these other sources. If any is found a MFM_CRUX handle is returned to the client. If no media is obtained via any of these methods, mfm_h~n~le returns a MFM_CRUX for BLACK or SILENCE
WO91/10321 ~ 07~ ~8 01~ PCT/US90/07483 0 depending on the media type originally requested, and flags an error message that no media as requested was available.
- mfm open Mfm_open is called by the client when it will be necessary to actually obtain media data from the media source. Mfm_open accepts a MFM_CRUX identifier, which the client/requester must have already obtained, and proceeds to establish a connection with the media source (open the file). Once the connection is established the client is given a MFM_GIST identifier. This identifier can be used with mfm_read calls to obtain the actual raw media data.
- mfm read Mfm_read is the procedural interface used to pass actual media data from the media source into a buffer specified by the caller. The parameters to the call are designed such that the caller asks for a frame of information using a range identifier to identify the frame offset from zero of the range scale. For example in the time code ranging method, the caller asks for the absolute time code of the frame desired. The call analyzes the type of media being requested, the size of the buffer the caller has provided and the number of frames the caller has requested. Based on this information a best fit is made for the caller's buffer and the actual number of frames passed to the buffer is returned.
- mfm close Mfm_close is used to allow MFM to close the channel to the media source. The call accepts a MFM_GIST identifier and from this identifier MFM is able to distinguish if the media channel is open for write (a previous mfm_create call), or open for read (a previous mfm_open call).
If the media channel is open for write, the call e~m;nes a parameter which indicates caller specific ~ WO91/10321 2 ~ 7 1 9~6 j ~ ~ PCT/US90/07483 information about the nature of the write to the channel.
Length, range identifier, media identifier and data rate over time are all specified. MFM includes this information in the media channel in a header and then closes the channel. This media channel (source) is now availa~le in the MFM database as a possible candidate for fulfilling a mfm_handle request.
If on the other hand the channel was open for read (via a previous mfm_open) the channel is simply noted as being closed for that particular client, and if no other clients are using the channel then the channel is closed.
Regardless of the type of closure, the MFM_GIST
identifier passed in is no longer valid, and a MFM_CRUX
identifier is passed back to the caller. This identifier would be used in further calls to mfm_open if the client again desired an open channel to the media data.
The call mfm_close also makes decisions on the type of channel being created. Two types are possi~le, temporary and disk resident. A temporary media channel exists in memory only for the duration of the application run, disk resident files are placed on disk and will be available at the time of the next application invocation. For example, an expe~imental dissolve effect on two other video media channels might become a temporary file, while actual video from an external source might be captured, digitized and stored in a disk resident file.
- mfm create Mfm_create is the procedural interface used by the client who wishes to permanently store media data on file with the MFM. The call grants the caller a MFM_GIST
identifier allowing calls to mfm_write to actually write the mP~; A data to a open channel. At the time of the call MFM
checks its available space for recording of such information WO9l/10321 ~ ~ 7 ~ = PCT/US90/07483 and sets up to receive media data into such space.
Specifically mfm_create creates files on disk and pre-allocates their size as large as possible. The initial header on the file is created and it is cast a media channel in the stage of creation. In this way it can be identified later if the caller fails to write data to the channel, or fails to close the channel (via mfm_close.) - mfm write Mfm write is the procedural interface used by the caller to actually transfer media data obtained from source into a media channel of the MFM. It is in this way that MFM
is able to store media data for use later as a media source in response to mfm_handle requests.
Specifically the call takes in a pointer to a buffer containing the data and a length on this particular buffer.
The data is copied from the buffer for the specified length into the media channel identified by the MFM_GIST identifier h~n~l ed in via a previous call to mfm_create. The buffer information is simply copied onto the end of any data already written to the channel. The channel may be a temporary channel (main memory) or a dis~ resident channel (disk file). The two types of records are structured according to the following formats.
~1~wo 91/10321 2 0 7l ~8~ PCr/US90107483 l~untime .~IFM reco~d strucsure Onc of thcse is present in memory at runtime for each ~ow~ media fle OUt on disk.
See C typcdef for ~FM_Crux_t in mfm_pYt.h r~l id~ntifier This is the physical ch~nnel associated wirh the media Iype from the pltysical sousce. ~e: ~wo tracks of audio from the same source would bc differenr nre~ by different channcl idcntifiers.
File_use All internal i~l~ntifi~.r in~~ic~tir,g whe~hcr ~hc mcdia fi}e is opcn for acccssand if so thc na~ure o~ the open, read or write.
Media Type This is an inr.~rn~ e~tifi~.r inciiration what Iype of mcdia data is storcd in she filc. Ie: video or audio or some othes.
File Typc This is an inrern~ enrifi~ S tO the forma~ of ~he mcdia s~ored in thc file.
~olume ~D
Dir ID
Filenamc These three fields togetner in~lic~e the exact position on disk such that the file can bc opcned, read, wn~ten or closcd.
U~
This i~ thc unique sourcc m~ rr. This is the uid that the SM
tracks and manages in its ~b~e S~ar~_~ime This is the range i~ennT7~r for ~hc position in thc sourcc Iha~ ~he bCginni~ of the media data in this file co~responds to.
End_timc ~ d ra~ge i~lcn~ifi~r.
Mc~ia_spccific This is a op~nal area for s~orage of specfic inTorrn~tion for this particular type of media.
WO 91/10321 ~ PCr/US90/07483 2071~8 6; ~
Di~k~ile ~I~M header One of thcsc is prcsent on disk at the bc~nning of each media file.
See C typedef for mfm_base_t in mfm_p~t.h Channel idcntificr This is ~he physical cha~nel associat~ed with the media ~ype from the physical source. Ie: Two track~ of audio from the same source wou~d be differe~n~tf~ by differeQt ch~nnel i~entifie-s.
Media Type This is a~ inlernal idenrifie~ in(liG~ion w~a~ type of media data is stored in shc file. Ic: vidco or audio or some other.
File Typc This is ~n inre n~ en~fi~r zs IO ~e forma~ of the media s~ored in the filc.
Name This is a copy of the charac~er name the user specifi~-~l as th~ sourc~ of the media da~a in thc filc.
This is the u~ique source medi~m i(lcn~ificr. This is the uid that thc SM
tracks and nt~n~cs in itS ~ b~ce.
Starr_timc Thi5 is thc rangc ~ nn~r for thc poQilion in thc sourcc ~ha~ thc b~ ni~g of the media data in this file co~esponds to.
End_timc E~d ra~ge idcn~ifi~r.
MeAi~ spccific This is a optional arca fo~ storage of spccfic inforrn~tinn for this parncular type of mcL~a 207198~
~ WO91/10321 PCT/US90/07483 - mfm quit Mfm_~uit is the procedura~ called used by the application when the application is ~uitting. It provides MFM with the opportunity to clean up and write any information necessary out to permanent storage before quitting.
Specifically, the list of current media channels known to exist is sorted and sifted based on the areas in which the channels exist. All the records in the list for those channels existing on a single hard disk are grouped together and written to disk as a single file. This write of information is done using the sectional file write utilities. Once the database is written to disk in this abbreviated form, the file handle is passed to SM
(sm_closeNwrite) so that SM information pertinent to the media channels on this disk can also be recorded in the file. MFM is unaware of the format or specifics of the SM
information. Once this is done for all existing disk drives, MFM releases any rem~;n;n~ storage used for its run time databases or lists. Control is returned to the caller (the application).
Source Manaqer Source Manager(SM) is responsible for the management of all information specific to the physical attributes of the source mediums. Each source medium is assigned a numerically unique identifier (UID) upon initial exposure to the system. To ensure a unique identification, the UID is a random number such as a combination o~ the seconds since January l, 1904 and the number of seconds since the system was started. The user specified name of the source is coupled with this unique identifier. This name/unique id pair is the m;n;~ information entered as a record in the Source Manager.
WO91/10321 a~7l98 6 PCT/US90/07483 0 At its most primitive functional level the SM
manages the list of source medium-names being used or referred to internally in the system at any point in time.
As an additional function the SM is responsible for 5 maint~;n;ng the relational connections of source mediums.
For example: if two video tapes have been identified with different names, but actually contain the same source video (albeit possibly different time code labelling), the SM is charged with cataloging this information once the user has made the information available. In a more specific and restrictive example it may be the case that only some portion of some source material is equivalent to some other portion of some other source material. This also the SM is responsible for storing and managing. These relationships may exist using different standards of labeling. For instance: SM could store the relationship that a particular piece of film starting at a specific edge number is equivalent to some video tape at a time code for some number of frames of video (or feet of film). This information is available to clients of the SM for whatever purposes are deemed nPc~c~ry by the clients. One such client in the system described here is the mfm handle procedural call in the MFM (See the description of mfm_handle).
The run-time SM database is retrieved at each invocation of the application. Specialized procedures are used for retrieval and reconstruction of the SM database.
The design and selection of the content of the information stored as well as the retrieval method itself allow the SM
to accommodate changes in the media sources available between application runs and mobility of files describing the edited sequences between systems independent of the media associated with them. The SM not only keeps track of the location of the media files and their sources but also WO91/10321 ~ 7 ~ 8~ ~ PCT/US90/07483 keeps track of varying equivalency relationships between the files and portions of files. Given these properties, the SM
functions in such a way as to never require the user to also be knowledgeable of the location of this source specific information that the SM maintains. To avoid the need of storing this information in its own localized place, the SM
stores the pertinent pieces of its database in the interested client's disk resident files. At the time of application invocation, as each of these clients accesses or opens the files specific to it, the SM is notified and also reads in the pertinent data to it, stored there at a previous time, or by the SM of another system.
Source Mana~er Procedural Interface - SMInit Sm_init is the procedural interface the application uses upon invocation in order to initialize the SM data structures. It is called once at this time and not again for the duration of the running of the application.
Specifically, the call uses the linked list manager to set up data structures to accept records of source names and source identifiers and for storage of any relational information between these existing sources. The actual data for the data structures is accumulated at a later time. No file is read in from disk or elsewhere at this time for initial s~ of the SM's list.
- SMReadNTable SMReadNTable is the procedural interface used by clients of the SM, enabling SM to read in data to be added to its data structures. Clients of SM who had in a previous application run provided SM the chance to include information in a file via use of the sectional file utilities use this call to enable the SM to read in the data and place it in the SM data base.
WO91/10321 2 0 ~ 9` ~ Ç PCT/US90/07483 ~
Specifically, the SM processes the call as follows:
First, the sectional file handle passed in the call is queried to determine if there is in fact any name information in the file pertinent to the SM. If there is, the length of the data is determined via a call to the sectional file manager and then the information is read into a block of main memory. Once the data is in main memory the data is traversed and processed. For each record of information it is checked to see if the information is already in the SM's database. If it is, it is skipped, if not it is added. This continues until the entire block of information is exhausted. Once this process is complete, the file is checked for the presence of any SM relational information. If any exists, a bloc~ of memory is allocated large enough to hold the information and the data read into it. Once in memory, it is traversed and processed. In much the same way as previous, any new information is added to the SM's database and redundant or repeated information is ignored. Once the process is complete, control is returned to the caller, and any memory allocated is returned.
- SMOpenTable SMOpenTable is the preliminary procedural call used by the caller to inform the SM to prepare for building a list of source identifiers. This list of source identifiers will be later used to determine the pertinent information to be written to a sectional file handle.
Specifically, SMOpenTable initializes a linked list to zero and returns an identifier to the list (i.e., the "list identifier") to the caller. This identifier is used in subse~uent calls to SMBuildTable as the caller encounters source identifiers to be included in the file it is creating.
~ WOgl/10321 PCT/US90/~7483 - S~BuildTable SMBuildTable is the procedural interface used by the client to indicate the source identifiers for which the pertinent SM information is to be stored in a sectional file manager handle to be indicated later (SMCloseNWriteTa~le).
The client making this call need not be concerned about indicating the same source identifier multiple times. SM
will resolve these duplications later when actually writing the file (SMCloseNWriteTable).
Specifically, the procedure uses a source identifier passed in by the client to locate the record in the SM
database and make an instantiation of the record in the list being built. The list being ~uilt is indicated by an identifier passed into the call. This list identifier was derived from a call to SMOpenTable.
- SMCloseNWriteTable SMCloseNWriteTa~le is the procedural interface used by the client to indicate to SM that it should use the source identifiers acc~l~t~lated in all previous calls to SMBuildTable on the specific list identifier, and write the pertinent SM information for those source identifiers to the sectional file manager specified. The procedure determines the unique list of identifiers, all relational information associated with that list and then also includes any new names introduced by the processing and inclusion of any relational information. This secondary inclusion happens only once and does not cause a recursive iteration of the algorithm. The information pertinent is then written to the sectional file manager hA~le specified, and control returned to the caller. It is the caller's responsibility to close the sectional file manager's handle.
Specifically, the process is as follows:
WO91/10321 PCT/US90/07483 ~
20~1986 First, the list of source identifiers is sorted and then traversed. As the traversal ensues, all duplications are eliminated yielding a list of unique records. Also as a product of the traversal, for each unique source identifier processed, the relational information pertinent to that specific source identifier is added to a list of relational information. Once this is completed, the list of relational information is traversed and processed.
As the list of relational information is traversed, two separate operations take place. First, the relational record is written to the sectional file manager handle specified in the call.
Second, any new source identifiers encountered are A~e~ to the unique source identifier list. After the relational list is processed, the source identifier list (with source names) is written to the sectional file manager h~n~le. This completes the process for SMCloseNWrite.
Control is returned to the caller.
- SMRelated SMRelated is the procedural interface for clients of the SM to obtain information about source relationships (relational information) that SM is managing. This is the primary function of the SM to the other systems in the application. For a given source identifier and range identification on that source, SMRelated will report any other source identifiers and ranges that have equivalent media. For example: Let us assume video tape A has a copy (or clip) of some material from tape B on it, and that copy of material occurs on tape A from time code 2 hours 7 minutes to time code 3 hours 27 minutes and on tape B from time code 4 hours 17 minutes to time code 5 hours 37 minutes. A caller to SMRelated asking for relations to tape B, time code 4 hours 40 minutes for a duration of 20 ~ W091/10321 ~0 71~8 ~;
minutes, (i.e., a portion of the clip) would receive from SMRelated the information that a-duplicate exists on tape A, 2 hours 30 minutes for a duration of 20 minutes.
Specifically the procedure works as follows. The record in the SM's database specified by the source identifier in the call is located. The relational information tagged on that record is sifted for the ranges specified in the caller's range specification. A list is constructed of all resultant records using the related source identifier and the related range specification. This list is a linked list manager list and the handle to it is returned. Control is returned to the caller. When the application quits via MFM_QUIT, the relations created by SMRelated are written to the MFD 14 on disk by the operation lS SMCloseNWriteTable which is described above. In this way, the table of relations is preserved in the media database on disk so that its information is easily transported with the media database.
The attached appendix embodies the MFM and SM modules. The progr~ing language and compiler used are THINK c version
3.0l by Symantec Corporation, and the computer used is the Macintosh II running under Mac OS version 6Ø2.
Portions of the disclosure of this patent document and the accomrA~ying appendix contain material which is subject to copyright protection and for which copyright protection is expressly cl~i m~ . The copyright owner has no objection to the facsimile reproduction, e.g., photocopy, by anyone of the patent document as it appears in the Patent and Trademark Office files, but otherwise reserves all copyright rights whatsoever, for example, including but not restricted to the right to load the software on a computer system.
WO91/10321 ~,D ~-~ g ~ ~ PCT/US90/07483 0 In addition to the advantages already discussed abo~e, the media storage and retrieval system according to the invention accommodates changes and modifications to the source of media and makes equivalent media available to the client of the method without notification to the client.
When more complete media bP~o~es available from another source, or when sections of the requested media are absent in the original media channel given, the source of the media can be changed.
The system offers the capability of dynamically linking the client of the media with the media available at the run time of the application. Such links are possibly different with each run of the system, and channels of media may actually change even after the link is established. The flexibility of the media management system in effect frees the user from ~k;ng the actual selection of source media as well as keeping track of source media equivalencies, without unduly burdening the process of making the basic identifying request.
Other embodiments are within the following claims.
~ WO91/10321 2 0~1 9 8-~ PCT/US90~07483 SOURCE CODE APPENDIX
Applicants: Stephen J. Reber et al.
Title: MEDIA EDITING SYSTEM
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Portions of the disclosure of this patent document and the accomrA~ying appendix contain material which is subject to copyright protection and for which copyright protection is expressly cl~i m~ . The copyright owner has no objection to the facsimile reproduction, e.g., photocopy, by anyone of the patent document as it appears in the Patent and Trademark Office files, but otherwise reserves all copyright rights whatsoever, for example, including but not restricted to the right to load the software on a computer system.
WO91/10321 ~,D ~-~ g ~ ~ PCT/US90/07483 0 In addition to the advantages already discussed abo~e, the media storage and retrieval system according to the invention accommodates changes and modifications to the source of media and makes equivalent media available to the client of the method without notification to the client.
When more complete media bP~o~es available from another source, or when sections of the requested media are absent in the original media channel given, the source of the media can be changed.
The system offers the capability of dynamically linking the client of the media with the media available at the run time of the application. Such links are possibly different with each run of the system, and channels of media may actually change even after the link is established. The flexibility of the media management system in effect frees the user from ~k;ng the actual selection of source media as well as keeping track of source media equivalencies, without unduly burdening the process of making the basic identifying request.
Other embodiments are within the following claims.
~ WO91/10321 2 0~1 9 8-~ PCT/US90~07483 SOURCE CODE APPENDIX
Applicants: Stephen J. Reber et al.
Title: MEDIA EDITING SYSTEM
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~ ~ C
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Ll < 40 11l `
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~ ~ ~ C C
Ll Ll ~ L V ~ ~1 --I --< ~ Ul o ~ ,V~
o o ~ a c .1 c c t.) - o ~ Ll t~
C A ~ ~ ~ Ll O -nc-c~ ~ ~ ~ v_~_ q ~ Ll lJ ~ !g O U tl ~
L < ~ O O U O C I L~
~ V
.~ Ll ~ C < q~ V ---- v ~ ~ E ~ vl o~ I ~
ResetErr( lstat~
rate = 0 . 0; , ~,C
lf( flle s- NULL~ c~
LogErrGoto( lstat, MFM_BAD FILE HANDLE, leave);
lf( flle ~Y ~LACK I I flle SILENCE~ return( ~float)~O);
DLGet~ mfm flles, (char ~ FL, (recordUD ~flle, FALSE, FAL5E, lstat~;
ChkErrGoto( lstat, leave~:
lf( FL->maglc !- MFM CRUX_MAGIC~
LogErrGoto( lstat, MFM HAD_FILE_HANDLE, leave~;
lf( FL->pernanent) ;,;
20719~
.
.
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4 ~t ~ CL.C ~ 4 Q .~--~ ~ ~ ~-- --~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ h.-- t~ ~ :~ ~ c Q ~ U ~ A A ~ ~ ~
~4 U ~ a ~ t ~
strncpy( FL->hoador.dl-k.f110namo fl10nam~ slzeof( namo t~
FL->header.dlsk.VolID - VolId;
FL->header.dlsk.touch tlcks - TlrkCo-nt~;
F~-~header.dlsk.UID - ba~e.UID;
I FL-~header.dlsk.start tlme - base.start :lme:
t~ ~L-~header.dlsk.end tlme - base.end tlme;
t'l'"
FL->header.dlsk.dataoffset ~ base.dataoffset;
L->header.dlsk.ra~_flle - NULL;
lf( dQbugPrlnt~ IS$AT MFM)~
i ~ ( path_t ~ournal buf;
sprlntf( ~ournal buf ~MFM: Openlng medla ~lle \~ .\n~ fllenam~
~ournal ~rlte( ~ournal buf TRUE lscat~; ChkErrGoto( lstat, error); ~ r~
,' I I C~
l ~ mfm_~ournal( base ~ournal_buf lstat~
j ChkErrGoto( lstat error~
i HUnlock~ flle); ~cS~
return( flle);
error:
~nloc~ flle);
AvD1sposeU~n~1e( (Handle)flle STD CHECK);
leave:
return( NULL~; u o WO 91tlO321 2 0 7 i 9 8 ~ PCI'/US90/07483 L
-L
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L
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c _ ~ ~ v v ~ o~ _ v C I ~ d O v ~ I C~ Ll ~- _ O ~D O ~4 ~ I Llq~ _~ o I v c v O~
X X -1 Ll ~D --I ~ N t~ ~ Ll V ~Ul 11 ~.- ~ ~7 1 V W Ll _ Ll U~ ~ O C5 C~. ~ _ Ll I -- ~ _~ ` :-Ll ~ V V~ 0 4 bl Ll ~ Ll --5 ~J ~ 0 ~ I 111 L ~ ~ C O
n~ rJ ~ n ~ ~~ e 1 W ~ ~ . W ~ ~ U ~ O Z
_ O ol ~ ~ s o ~ --L~ U~ L~
DBchaser - ~Dba~e;
for( 1-0: lcm&nflle entrle~; 1++, DBchaser++) DRchAser->header.dlsk.VolID ~ volld~
DBr~Acer->header.dlsk.Dlrld ~ dlrld; C:~
record = Dr.A~Hsa~ mfm_flles, (char ~(DBchaser~, lstat); ChkErrGoto( lstat, leave); _~
DLAddToThread~ mfm_flles, mfm_dlsk, record, lstat); ChkErrGoto( lstat, leave); }-DLAddT~Thread( mfm_flles, mfm_volumes, record, lstat~; ChkErrGoto~ lstat, leave);
~Oi ~
/* dump the storage that we read ln from dlsk */ I ~-HUnlock~ Dbase~; c AvDl~pese~Andle~ ~Handle)Dbase, STD CHECK);
tell source I r~er to read ln hls stuff */
~ wT~ db~-r~ tat~;
ChkErrGoto( lstat, leave~;
1 ClesaCluster~ dbaseflle, lstat~;
I leave:
return;
C
o WO 91/10321 2 0~i 9 8~ PCI'/US90/07483 o ô
~ C o ~ _ ~ ~ ,, 4 gY~ ~ ~
U~ ~ Ll < q~
o ~ g 3 u~
~ Ul _.
if( 'drlve lnfo.e~ectable) AvGetVolInfo~ drlve_lnfo.drlveN~m, ~vol_lnfo, lstatJ;
lf~ ~lstat =~ ISTAT_OK ~ vol_lnfo.devlceType !- V~L UNMLUNTED O
~ vol lnfo.devlceType ~- VOL SCSI
c~ vol lnfo.vRefNum !~ sysvref) {
dlrld ~ O;
/^ lf thl~ volwme has folder MFILES, then we want to wrlte a dbase there. ~t lf~ AVCheckDlrFxl~ts~ MLFILES, vol_lnfo.vRefNum, ~dlrld, ~AISE, lstatl ~ ^lstat ISTAT OK) ( wrlte ~h~eQ~nrlve( vol lnfo.vRefNum, dlrld, lstat);
ChkErrGoto~ lstat, leave);
ols- Ch~rrGoto( lstat, loavo): ~
~ ) whlle~ AVNextDrlve~ ~drlveH~n~lq, ~drlve_lnfo)); ~b '~; leave:
' return;
NAME: wr1te ~ha~eOnDrlve Purpo~e: Wrlte t~e databa~e on a speclflc volume.
statlc vold wrlte ~h~.QD~nrlve~ volld, dlrld, lstat) short volld:
long dlrld:
lstat t ~lstat;
recordID ^~records;
recordID ^RCchaser: C
long ~ ~cs;
short l; o cluster t ^d~asoflle; ~
MPMCrux_~dl FLDbase; w Mn~crux-ptr ~Lchaser;
MFMCrux_ptr FL;
SMTableld SMtable;
Boolean nuffmQmory;
/* flrst get a 11st of all the records on thls volume. */
DLCet~hread~ mfm flle~, mfm volumes, lstat);
ChkErrGoto( lstat, leave~;
records ~ DLSlft~ ~fm flles, INITLAL, E~, (char ~)~volld, FAL_E, NULL, ~NumRecs, lstat);
ChkErrGoto~ lstat, leave);
DLSetThread~ mfm flles, MADNTHREAD, lstatl;
ChkErrGoto( lstat, leave);
/* lf there are no medla flles ln the database on thls volume, then return. If a there Ace~lly are flle~ on the dls~, lack of medla database flle wlll cau-~e * rescan on next appllcatlon run.
*/
lf( N~ lGc 0) return;
/* check for a database flle, lf none then create one. */ ~ `~
dbaseflle - LoadCluster( volld, dirld, MEDLAFI~Fn ~CE, CLUSTER MFM, lstat); ~ c~
lf~ ;lstat ISTAT FILE NOT FOUND) ! /* flle does not exlst. A~ume we are ln the rlght dlrectory, and create one. ~J ~X~
dbaseflle - Ne~ClUster( volld, dlrld, MEDIAFILEDBA_E, CLUSTER MFM, lstat); ~' tS~
lfl ~lstat !- IST~T OK) LogErrGoto( lstat, MFM_CANT_CREATE DBASE FILE, leave);
else ChkErrGoto( lstat, leave);
/~ get enough storage to wrlte all the records lnto ~/
nuffmemory ~ AvChl~ dle( slzeof( MFMCrux_t) ~ ~ ~ecs, lstat);
ChkErrGoto( lstat, leave);
lf( nuffmemoryl C
FLDbase = (MFMCrux_hdl)AvNewHandle( slzeof( MFMCrux_tl ~ NumRecs, lstat);
Ch~ErrGoto( lstat, leave);
else WO 91/10321 ~ PCI`/US90/07483 o -~1 .~
.~
~ o L e ~
L _ c I
trt S ~P t~ _ ~ t V _I _t ~ . ~ _I _ ~ t Y L~ C
8 8 ~ '0 " ~ c i~
-- Ll ~ 8 8 3 -- u~ ~ ~ , o -- ~ o~t ' V X ~ --~ Lt Ct t tD t~t ~ C C ~ t--. Ct 21 CD +
83~ 3 8~e 9~ 8 t~ t~ . < . ~ ~
ifl !nuffmemory~
aXUpcateInfoIncr( dbaseflle, ~FLDbase, slzeof( MFMCrux t~, lstat);
lf~ tat -- dskFulErr~ goto dl~kfulllock;
C~kErrGoto~ lstat, leavelock);
FLchaser - (MFMCrux_ptr)~FLDbase:
SMBull~Tahle~ SMtable, FL->header.dlsk.UID, lstat);
ChkErrGoto~ l~tat, leavelock);
else 1,~
~ FCS FCS ~
I dprlntfl ~open count - %d\nMtype - ~d\n~d bytes of data\n~, FL->~lle use, FL-~Mtype, FL->headbr.ram.data_pos); ~C~o auto request( ~mfm qult c~lled. Temp ~lles stlll llngerlng.~nSee Con ole.U~ ~OK~, l); t DLRemove( mfm files, ~RCcha~er, lstat);
ChkErrGoto~ lstat, leavelock);
WO 91/10321 2 0 7 1 9 g ¢ - PCI`/US90/07483 _ ~ C
o Q n ~ J ~ J o o 3 û . ~ U ~ u g ~ V C ~ . ~
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strncpy( FL->hoador.dl-k.f110namo fl10nam~ slzeof( namo t~
FL->header.dlsk.VolID - VolId;
FL->header.dlsk.touch tlcks - TlrkCo-nt~;
F~-~header.dlsk.UID - ba~e.UID;
I FL-~header.dlsk.start tlme - base.start :lme:
t~ ~L-~header.dlsk.end tlme - base.end tlme;
t'l'"
FL->header.dlsk.dataoffset ~ base.dataoffset;
L->header.dlsk.ra~_flle - NULL;
lf( dQbugPrlnt~ IS$AT MFM)~
i ~ ( path_t ~ournal buf;
sprlntf( ~ournal buf ~MFM: Openlng medla ~lle \~ .\n~ fllenam~
~ournal ~rlte( ~ournal buf TRUE lscat~; ChkErrGoto( lstat, error); ~ r~
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l ~ mfm_~ournal( base ~ournal_buf lstat~
j ChkErrGoto( lstat error~
i HUnlock~ flle); ~cS~
return( flle);
error:
~nloc~ flle);
AvD1sposeU~n~1e( (Handle)flle STD CHECK);
leave:
return( NULL~; u o WO 91tlO321 2 0 7 i 9 8 ~ PCI'/US90/07483 L
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DBchaser - ~Dba~e;
for( 1-0: lcm&nflle entrle~; 1++, DBchaser++) DRchAser->header.dlsk.VolID ~ volld~
DBr~Acer->header.dlsk.Dlrld ~ dlrld; C:~
record = Dr.A~Hsa~ mfm_flles, (char ~(DBchaser~, lstat); ChkErrGoto( lstat, leave); _~
DLAddToThread~ mfm_flles, mfm_dlsk, record, lstat); ChkErrGoto( lstat, leave); }-DLAddT~Thread( mfm_flles, mfm_volumes, record, lstat~; ChkErrGoto~ lstat, leave);
~Oi ~
/* dump the storage that we read ln from dlsk */ I ~-HUnlock~ Dbase~; c AvDl~pese~Andle~ ~Handle)Dbase, STD CHECK);
tell source I r~er to read ln hls stuff */
~ wT~ db~-r~ tat~;
ChkErrGoto( lstat, leave~;
1 ClesaCluster~ dbaseflle, lstat~;
I leave:
return;
C
o WO 91/10321 2 0~i 9 8~ PCI'/US90/07483 o ô
~ C o ~ _ ~ ~ ,, 4 gY~ ~ ~
U~ ~ Ll < q~
o ~ g 3 u~
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if( 'drlve lnfo.e~ectable) AvGetVolInfo~ drlve_lnfo.drlveN~m, ~vol_lnfo, lstatJ;
lf~ ~lstat =~ ISTAT_OK ~ vol_lnfo.devlceType !- V~L UNMLUNTED O
~ vol lnfo.devlceType ~- VOL SCSI
c~ vol lnfo.vRefNum !~ sysvref) {
dlrld ~ O;
/^ lf thl~ volwme has folder MFILES, then we want to wrlte a dbase there. ~t lf~ AVCheckDlrFxl~ts~ MLFILES, vol_lnfo.vRefNum, ~dlrld, ~AISE, lstatl ~ ^lstat ISTAT OK) ( wrlte ~h~eQ~nrlve( vol lnfo.vRefNum, dlrld, lstat);
ChkErrGoto~ lstat, leave);
ols- Ch~rrGoto( lstat, loavo): ~
~ ) whlle~ AVNextDrlve~ ~drlveH~n~lq, ~drlve_lnfo)); ~b '~; leave:
' return;
NAME: wr1te ~ha~eOnDrlve Purpo~e: Wrlte t~e databa~e on a speclflc volume.
statlc vold wrlte ~h~.QD~nrlve~ volld, dlrld, lstat) short volld:
long dlrld:
lstat t ~lstat;
recordID ^~records;
recordID ^RCchaser: C
long ~ ~cs;
short l; o cluster t ^d~asoflle; ~
MPMCrux_~dl FLDbase; w Mn~crux-ptr ~Lchaser;
MFMCrux_ptr FL;
SMTableld SMtable;
Boolean nuffmQmory;
/* flrst get a 11st of all the records on thls volume. */
DLCet~hread~ mfm flle~, mfm volumes, lstat);
ChkErrGoto( lstat, leave~;
records ~ DLSlft~ ~fm flles, INITLAL, E~, (char ~)~volld, FAL_E, NULL, ~NumRecs, lstat);
ChkErrGoto~ lstat, leave);
DLSetThread~ mfm flles, MADNTHREAD, lstatl;
ChkErrGoto( lstat, leave);
/* lf there are no medla flles ln the database on thls volume, then return. If a there Ace~lly are flle~ on the dls~, lack of medla database flle wlll cau-~e * rescan on next appllcatlon run.
*/
lf( N~ lGc 0) return;
/* check for a database flle, lf none then create one. */ ~ `~
dbaseflle - LoadCluster( volld, dirld, MEDLAFI~Fn ~CE, CLUSTER MFM, lstat); ~ c~
lf~ ;lstat ISTAT FILE NOT FOUND) ! /* flle does not exlst. A~ume we are ln the rlght dlrectory, and create one. ~J ~X~
dbaseflle - Ne~ClUster( volld, dlrld, MEDIAFILEDBA_E, CLUSTER MFM, lstat); ~' tS~
lfl ~lstat !- IST~T OK) LogErrGoto( lstat, MFM_CANT_CREATE DBASE FILE, leave);
else ChkErrGoto( lstat, leave);
/~ get enough storage to wrlte all the records lnto ~/
nuffmemory ~ AvChl~ dle( slzeof( MFMCrux_t) ~ ~ ~ecs, lstat);
ChkErrGoto( lstat, leave);
lf( nuffmemoryl C
FLDbase = (MFMCrux_hdl)AvNewHandle( slzeof( MFMCrux_tl ~ NumRecs, lstat);
Ch~ErrGoto( lstat, leave);
else WO 91/10321 ~ PCI`/US90/07483 o -~1 .~
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83~ 3 8~e 9~ 8 t~ t~ . < . ~ ~
ifl !nuffmemory~
aXUpcateInfoIncr( dbaseflle, ~FLDbase, slzeof( MFMCrux t~, lstat);
lf~ tat -- dskFulErr~ goto dl~kfulllock;
C~kErrGoto~ lstat, leavelock);
FLchaser - (MFMCrux_ptr)~FLDbase:
SMBull~Tahle~ SMtable, FL->header.dlsk.UID, lstat);
ChkErrGoto~ l~tat, leavelock);
else 1,~
~ FCS FCS ~
I dprlntfl ~open count - %d\nMtype - ~d\n~d bytes of data\n~, FL->~lle use, FL-~Mtype, FL->headbr.ram.data_pos); ~C~o auto request( ~mfm qult c~lled. Temp ~lles stlll llngerlng.~nSee Con ole.U~ ~OK~, l); t DLRemove( mfm files, ~RCcha~er, lstat);
ChkErrGoto~ lstat, leavelock);
WO 91/10321 2 0 7 1 9 g ¢ - PCI`/US90/07483 _ ~ C
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RAW FILE ~raw flle;
long r~ t;
mkm base_t base;
j lf( AVGetFlleType~ VolId, dlrld, FP->fllename, lstat) -- MEDIA FT) Ct~F~rr~oto ( lstat, leave);
raw flle - ~RAW_FILE *~AVOpenFlle~ VolId, dlrld, FP->f~ , oeEN_READ, lstat);
ChkErrGoto(lstat, leave~; ~
(vold)AVR0ad~lle( raw_flle, ~char *)~base, O, slzeof~mfm_base_t), lstat~;
i ChkErrGoto(lstat, leave~;
/* Chock for tho maglc constant to ensure that thls ls a valld medla flle. */ cx If~ b~--.Daglc !- FILE H~GIC~ c~
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.I ChkErrGoto~ lstat, leave) DLSotmread( mfm flles, mfm cach, lseat) ChkErrGoto( lstat, leave);
DLSort~ mfm_flle-, QulckSort, lstat);
ChkErrGoto~ lstat, leave); Itf~, I l for( l-HNDL CA~HEslze>~2; 1>0; 1~
DLGet~ mfm_flles, (char ~ FL, ~record, TRDE, FALSE, lstat);
ChkErrGoto( lstat, leave);
DLRmvFrmThread( m~m_flles, m~m_cach, record, lstat);
ChkErrGoto~ lstat, leave);
DLRmvFrmThread~ mfm flles, m~m_hndl, record, lstat);
ChkErrGoto( lstat, leave~;
~ J
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Claims (24)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A system capable of the location and management of media subject to user instructions comprising:
a database in which the media is stored;
means for indexing and referencing the media in the database such that the media is indexed according to its source;
a table for storing equivalency relationships between media;
means for managing the table of relationships separate from said means for indexing and referencing the media and for determining which source identifiers identify media equivalent to others either entirely or in at least one common subsection based on ranges of the source media as represented by an index relating to the type of indexing used on the source media itself; and means for recalling the table management means and accessing the media to find the media requested by the user.
a database in which the media is stored;
means for indexing and referencing the media in the database such that the media is indexed according to its source;
a table for storing equivalency relationships between media;
means for managing the table of relationships separate from said means for indexing and referencing the media and for determining which source identifiers identify media equivalent to others either entirely or in at least one common subsection based on ranges of the source media as represented by an index relating to the type of indexing used on the source media itself; and means for recalling the table management means and accessing the media to find the media requested by the user.
2. The system of claim 1 wherein means for indexing and referencing the media inthe database is dynamic in that it can change or modify the source of media to a user without notification to a user.
3. The system of claim 1 further comprising an executable application including said database means for indexing and referencing the media in the database wherein said database means dynamically links a user with the media.
4. The system of claim 1 wherein said means for determining which source identifiers entirely, of in subsections, refer to media equivalent to others:
stores only information from its assimilation of data along with, but distinctly separate from, data associated with the means for indexing and referencing the media in the database on request.
stores only information from its assimilation of data along with, but distinctly separate from, data associated with the means for indexing and referencing the media in the database on request.
5. The system of claim 1 wherein said means for determining which source identifiers entirely, or in subsections, refer to media equivalent to others stores only information from its assimilation of data along with, but distinctly separate from, the storage of information pertaining to segments of source material that the user of the system is using to assemble a desired edited sequence.
6. The system of claim 1, further comprising means for providing for the separation of:
information pertaining specifically to data about source material;
information pertaining to actual digital or other representations of media available to an editing system; and information regarding source segments that the user of the editing system is manipulating in creating a sequence or producing an edit;
whereby information pertaining to naming, length, positional labeling on the source and associations between said labels and labels on other sources representing equivalent material and other information pertaining to the source in general, if kept separate from other types of information and the only connection between a specific source of media and the physical source it is derived from is a source identifier stored or associated with the media representation stored on or available to the editing system, so that the only information that a user will need to know about such a segment is the source identifier it is associated with, the time range on said source, and a media type identifier.
information pertaining specifically to data about source material;
information pertaining to actual digital or other representations of media available to an editing system; and information regarding source segments that the user of the editing system is manipulating in creating a sequence or producing an edit;
whereby information pertaining to naming, length, positional labeling on the source and associations between said labels and labels on other sources representing equivalent material and other information pertaining to the source in general, if kept separate from other types of information and the only connection between a specific source of media and the physical source it is derived from is a source identifier stored or associated with the media representation stored on or available to the editing system, so that the only information that a user will need to know about such a segment is the source identifier it is associated with, the time range on said source, and a media type identifier.
7. A method of managing digitized media data stored in a plurality of media files in a media file database, comprising the steps of:
reading the media files from the media files database located on a storage device into a working memory, building a table of relations in the working memory in response to reading the media files;
accepting a request for an operation on a part of a specified one of the media files, the part being specified in the request by a start time and an end time of the specified media file;
locating the requested media file in the table of relations or locating a media file related to the requested media file that satisfies the request;
returning a handle to the located media file; and writing the media files and the table of relations from the working memory to the media file database on the storage device.
reading the media files from the media files database located on a storage device into a working memory, building a table of relations in the working memory in response to reading the media files;
accepting a request for an operation on a part of a specified one of the media files, the part being specified in the request by a start time and an end time of the specified media file;
locating the requested media file in the table of relations or locating a media file related to the requested media file that satisfies the request;
returning a handle to the located media file; and writing the media files and the table of relations from the working memory to the media file database on the storage device.
8. The system of claim 1, wherein the means for recalling includes means for accessing the database to find a media equivalent to the media requested by the user when the media requested by the user is not obtained.
9. The system of claim 1, wherein the means for indexing and referencing includes a source identifier that identifies a media source and a segment of the media source identified by a time range as indicated by lengths, frames, time codes, or film edge numbers depending upon the type of indexing used on the source media.
10. The system of claim 1, wherein the means for managing the table of relationships is separate from the database in which the media is stored.
11. A computer-implemented process for facilitating access to media files stored in a computer-readable database, comprising the steps of:
receiving a request for a portion of a media file, wherein the request includes an identifier of the media file and a range within the media file, locating the media file corresponding to the identifier included in the request, and if the corresponding media file cannot be located, identifying one of the plurality of media files as an equivalent to the requested portion of the media file.
receiving a request for a portion of a media file, wherein the request includes an identifier of the media file and a range within the media file, locating the media file corresponding to the identifier included in the request, and if the corresponding media file cannot be located, identifying one of the plurality of media files as an equivalent to the requested portion of the media file.
12. A computer-implemented process for facilitating access to digitized media data stored in a plurality of computer-readable media files on a computer-readable medium, using a computer system having a table of relations, each relating identifying equivalent media files using, for each media file, a unique source identifier that identifies a source for the media file and a segment of said source, the process comprising the steps of:
receiving an indication of a requested portion of a specified one of the media files, the requested portion being identified by a start time and an end time in the specified media file; and locating the specified media file in the table of relations and, if the portion of the specified media file is not located, locating a portion of a media file equivalent to the specified media file using the table of relations.
receiving an indication of a requested portion of a specified one of the media files, the requested portion being identified by a start time and an end time in the specified media file; and locating the specified media file in the table of relations and, if the portion of the specified media file is not located, locating a portion of a media file equivalent to the specified media file using the table of relations.
13. A multimedia computer-readable database system, comprising:
a computer-readable medium in which a plurality of computer-readable media files are stored;
a memory for storing a table of relations, each relation identifying equivalent media files sing, for each media file, a unique source identifier that identifies a source for the media and a segment of said source;
means for receiving an indication of a requested portion of a specified one of the media files, the requested portion being identified by a start time and an end time in the specified media file; and means for locating the specified media file in the table of relations; and means, operative when the portion of the specified media file is not located, for locating a portion of a media file equivalent to the specified media file using the table of relations.
a computer-readable medium in which a plurality of computer-readable media files are stored;
a memory for storing a table of relations, each relation identifying equivalent media files sing, for each media file, a unique source identifier that identifies a source for the media and a segment of said source;
means for receiving an indication of a requested portion of a specified one of the media files, the requested portion being identified by a start time and an end time in the specified media file; and means for locating the specified media file in the table of relations; and means, operative when the portion of the specified media file is not located, for locating a portion of a media file equivalent to the specified media file using the table of relations.
14. An apparatus for storing media, the apparatus comprising:
a storage device in which the media is stored;
means for receiving input from a user indicating subsets of the media that are associated with a clip; and means, responsive to the means for receiving, for providing a link among the subsets of the media.
a storage device in which the media is stored;
means for receiving input from a user indicating subsets of the media that are associated with a clip; and means, responsive to the means for receiving, for providing a link among the subsets of the media.
15. The apparatus of claim 14 further comprising:
means for receiving input from the user requesting access to the subsets of the media; and means for linking the subsets of the media together to create the clip; and means for providing the clip to the user.
means for receiving input from the user requesting access to the subsets of the media; and means for linking the subsets of the media together to create the clip; and means for providing the clip to the user.
16. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the means for linking the subsets of the media together to form a clip is active only in response to the means for receiving input from the user requesting access to the subsets of the media.
17. A method for storing media, the method comprising the steps of:
storing the media in a storage device;
receiving input from a user indicating subsets of the media that are associated with a clip;
and providing a link among the subsets of the media.
storing the media in a storage device;
receiving input from a user indicating subsets of the media that are associated with a clip;
and providing a link among the subsets of the media.
18. The method of claim 17 further comprising the steps of:
receiving input from the user requesting access to the subsets of the media, linking the subsets of the media together to create the clip; and providing the clip to the user.
receiving input from the user requesting access to the subsets of the media, linking the subsets of the media together to create the clip; and providing the clip to the user.
19. The method of claim 18, wherein the step of linking the subsets of the media together to form a clip is performed only in response to the step of receiving input from the user requesting access to the subsets of the media.
20. An apparatus for storing media including a plurality of records, the apparatus comprising:
a storage device in which the media is stored; and a linked data list that associates a group of the plurality of records, the group of the plurality of records representing a clip.
a storage device in which the media is stored; and a linked data list that associates a group of the plurality of records, the group of the plurality of records representing a clip.
21. The apparatus of claim 20 further comprising an editing system, coupled to the storage device, the editing system having an input that receives input from a user selecting the group of the plurality of records, and an output that provides the linked data list.
22. The apparatus of claim 20 further comprising a media file manager, coupled to storage device, for locating the group of the plurality of records within the database in response to input from a user.
23. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein the input from the user includes a range of time.
24. The apparatus of claim 20, further comprising means for dynamically linking the group of the plurality of records according to the linked data list in response to a user request for playback of the clip.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US07/455,568 US5267351A (en) | 1989-12-22 | 1989-12-22 | Media storage and retrieval system |
| US455,568 | 1989-12-22 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2071986A1 CA2071986A1 (en) | 1991-06-23 |
| CA2071986C true CA2071986C (en) | 1996-07-09 |
Family
ID=23809365
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002071986A Expired - Lifetime CA2071986C (en) | 1989-12-22 | 1990-12-19 | Media storage and retrieval system |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (5) | US5267351A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0506870B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP3103372B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR920704506A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE180372T1 (en) |
| AU (2) | AU7058591A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2071986C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69033117T2 (en) |
| MC (1) | MC2182A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1991010321A1 (en) |
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| KR930005814B1 (en) * | 1990-11-20 | 1993-06-25 | 삼성전자 주식회사 | Data bank system and its method in vtr |
| US5253275A (en) | 1991-01-07 | 1993-10-12 | H. Lee Browne | Audio and video transmission and receiving system |
| WO1992021211A1 (en) * | 1991-05-21 | 1992-11-26 | Videotelecom Corp. | A multiple medium message recording system |
| US5546572A (en) * | 1991-08-28 | 1996-08-13 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Method for retrieving database of image information |
| JP3116443B2 (en) * | 1991-08-30 | 2000-12-11 | ソニー株式会社 | Socket communication log storage device |
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| US5434678A (en) * | 1993-01-11 | 1995-07-18 | Abecassis; Max | Seamless transmission of non-sequential video segments |
| JPH0756652B2 (en) * | 1992-03-24 | 1995-06-14 | インターナショナル・ビジネス・マシーンズ・コーポレイション | Search for video frame sequence |
| US5999173A (en) * | 1992-04-03 | 1999-12-07 | Adobe Systems Incorporated | Method and apparatus for video editing with video clip representations displayed along a time line |
| WO1993021636A1 (en) * | 1992-04-10 | 1993-10-28 | Avid Technology, Inc. | A method and apparatus for representing and editing multimedia compositions |
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-
1989
- 1989-12-22 US US07/455,568 patent/US5267351A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1990
- 1990-12-19 AT AT91902814T patent/ATE180372T1/en active
- 1990-12-19 WO PCT/US1990/007483 patent/WO1991010321A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1990-12-19 EP EP91902814A patent/EP0506870B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-12-19 CA CA002071986A patent/CA2071986C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-12-19 MC MC90@@D patent/MC2182A1/en unknown
- 1990-12-19 DE DE69033117T patent/DE69033117T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-12-19 AU AU70585/91A patent/AU7058591A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1990-12-19 KR KR1019920701492A patent/KR920704506A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1990-12-19 JP JP03502581A patent/JP3103372B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1993
- 1993-11-29 US US08/159,332 patent/US5584006A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1994
- 1994-07-13 AU AU67404/94A patent/AU680906B2/en not_active Ceased
-
1997
- 1997-02-14 US US08/802,197 patent/US6061758A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2000
- 2000-05-05 US US09/565,968 patent/US6636869B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2003
- 2003-10-17 US US10/688,547 patent/US6813622B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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|---|---|
| EP0506870A4 (en) | 1994-12-28 |
| US6061758A (en) | 2000-05-09 |
| AU6740494A (en) | 1994-09-22 |
| JP3103372B2 (en) | 2000-10-30 |
| US20040088299A1 (en) | 2004-05-06 |
| WO1991010321A1 (en) | 1991-07-11 |
| US6813622B2 (en) | 2004-11-02 |
| DE69033117T2 (en) | 2000-01-05 |
| US5584006A (en) | 1996-12-10 |
| AU680906B2 (en) | 1997-08-14 |
| DE69033117D1 (en) | 1999-06-24 |
| JPH05503179A (en) | 1993-05-27 |
| AU7058591A (en) | 1991-07-24 |
| US6636869B1 (en) | 2003-10-21 |
| ATE180372T1 (en) | 1999-06-15 |
| EP0506870A1 (en) | 1992-10-07 |
| US5267351A (en) | 1993-11-30 |
| EP0506870B1 (en) | 1999-05-19 |
| KR920704506A (en) | 1992-12-19 |
| MC2182A1 (en) | 1992-05-22 |
| CA2071986A1 (en) | 1991-06-23 |
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| EEER | Examination request | ||
| MKLA | Lapsed | ||
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Effective date: 20121202 |