CA2043402C - Method of and apparatus for checking the volume of containers - Google Patents
Method of and apparatus for checking the volume of containersInfo
- Publication number
- CA2043402C CA2043402C CA002043402A CA2043402A CA2043402C CA 2043402 C CA2043402 C CA 2043402C CA 002043402 A CA002043402 A CA 002043402A CA 2043402 A CA2043402 A CA 2043402A CA 2043402 C CA2043402 C CA 2043402C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- volume
- container
- gas
- containers
- source
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F17/00—Methods or apparatus for determining the capacity of containers or cavities, or the volume of solid bodies
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
- G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
- G01M3/26—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors
- G01M3/32—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors for containers, e.g. radiators
- G01M3/3209—Details, e.g. container closure devices
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
- G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
- G01M3/26—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors
- G01M3/32—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors for containers, e.g. radiators
- G01M3/3281—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors for containers, e.g. radiators removably mounted in a test cell
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
- G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
- G01M3/26—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors
- G01M3/32—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors for containers, e.g. radiators
- G01M3/3281—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors for containers, e.g. radiators removably mounted in a test cell
- G01M3/329—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors for containers, e.g. radiators removably mounted in a test cell for verifying the internal pressure of closed containers
Abstract
A method of checking the volume of containers is disclosed according to which a gas is fed into a volume which is correlated to the volume of the respective con-tainer and a signal which depends from the fed amount of gas is evaluated as signal indicative of the volume of the container.
In order to substantially reduce the time of the measuring cycle at such a method a gas is fed to the vo-lume which is correlated to the volume of the container at a controlled flow, i.e. the mass flow of the gas per unit of time is pre-set in a controlled manner such that it is possible to drastically reduce the time spans du-ring which it is necessary to wait due to transient pro-cesses and a chamber which must be loaded in advance will become super fluous.
In order to substantially reduce the time of the measuring cycle at such a method a gas is fed to the vo-lume which is correlated to the volume of the container at a controlled flow, i.e. the mass flow of the gas per unit of time is pre-set in a controlled manner such that it is possible to drastically reduce the time spans du-ring which it is necessary to wait due to transient pro-cesses and a chamber which must be loaded in advance will become super fluous.
Description
- - 1- 20434~2 A METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR
CHECKING THE VOLUME OF CONTAINERS
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method of checking the volume of containers in which a gas is fed into a volume which is correlated to the volume of a respective container and a signal which depends from the supplied amount of gas is evaluated as signal indicative of the volume of the container.
It also relates to an apparatus for checking the volume of containers by means of a source of pressurized gas and a connecting line extending from mentioned source into a vessel of which the volume is correlated to the volume of the container to be checked.
The invention relates, furthermore, to a connector for containers.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART
The European Patent Specification EP-O 313 678 B1 published May 3, 1989 discloses a method in which a side of the checking regarding the tightness of containers a signal is evaluated which depends from the volume of the container being checked. A container to be checked is placed into a checking chamber wherewith the volume difference between the checking chamber and the container to be checked forms a volume which depends from or is correlated to the volume of the container. This volume is acted upon by a pressurized gas from a pre-charged storage chamber by opening a valve arranged in a connecting line, and the ratio of the pressures ahead of *
the opening of the valve and after the opening of the valve gives an indication of the volume of the container, this due to the decompression of the pressure from the pre-charged chamber into the checking chamber.
The drawback of this method is that due to the sudden decompression of the pressurized gas from mentioned chamber into the checking chamber relatively long time spans must elapse until transient processes of the equalizing of the pressure have been damped for instance caused at the one side by the sudden decompression of the gas and the thereby occurring uncontrollable gas flow and at the other side by the time dependent yielding of the wall of the container to be checked, as well.
It is additionally necessary, when proceeding from one checking to a subsequent checking to always recharge the chamber up to a preselected pressure before the subsequent checking can be initiated. This also increases the time span of a measuring cycle.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Hence, it is an object of the invention to provide a method by means of which the time of a measuring cycle can be reduced considerably.
Specifically, the invention provides a method of reducing a measuring cycle time for checking volume of empty containers conveyed in a stream of containers so as to determine whether the volume of respective containers correspond to a rated volume, the method comprising: the steps of feeding a gas into one of said empty containers, providing a signal dependent upon a supplied amount of gas, and evaluating said signal so as to provide an indication as to whether the volume of said one of said empty containers being checked corresponds to the rated volume, wherein the step of feeding of gas includes controlling a flow of the gas so as to provide a steady . ., 2~q3402 flow into the volume thereby avoiding a transient pressure behavior time span in said containers.
The invention also provides an apparatus for checking volume of containers, the apparatus comprising a source of pressurized gas, a connecting line extending from said source into a vessel of which the volume is correlated to the volume of the container to be checked, and means for controlling the source of pressurized gas so as to deliver a steady flow of a predeterminable amount of pressurized gas per unit of time so as to reduce a measuring cycle time.
A further object is to provide an apparatus by means of which the time of a measuring cycle can be reduced considerably.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The invention will be better understood and objects other than those set forth above will become apparent when consideration is given to the following detailed description thereof. Such description makes reference to the annexed drawings wherein:
Fig. la illustrates schematically an apparatus structured in accordance with the invention, in which the volume which is correlated to the volume to be checked is taken as the volume of a checking chamber;
Fig. lb is a diagram illustrating on a qualitative basis the course of the pressure in the checking chamber if a substantially constant mass flow of gas is fed there-. .
04~4~2 into, for the explanation of an evaluation signal of afirst variant ;
Fig. 1c is a diagram analogue to the diagram of Fig. 1b for the explanation of a further variant of the preparation for the evaluation signal ;
Fig. 1d is a diagram to illustrate the mass of gas which has flown in correlation with the pressure in the gas chamber, for the illustrating of a further variant of the preparation for the evaluation signal ;
Fig. 1e is a diagram illustrating in relation to the time axis the mass of gas which has flown since the begin of the measuring cycle for the explaining of a fur-ther variant of the preparation for the evaluation signal;
Fig. 2 is an illustration analogue to Fig. 1a and of a variant of an embodiment of the inventive apparatus, in which the volume which is correlated to the volume to be checked is taken directly as the volume of a container to be checked;
Fig. 3 is an illustration analogue to the illustra-tion of Fig. 2, showing schematically the checking of groups of containers arranged in line during the production of the containers;
Fig. 4 is an illustration of a longitudinal section through a connector for containers structured in accordance with the invention, specifically also used at the embodi-ments of the invention according to Fig. 2 and 3 for the inventive volume checking method and the inventive volume checking apparatus, resp.
-B
~.. .....
~143402 DESCRIPTIOM OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Fig. 1a illustrates schematically a checking cham-ber 1, whereby in this variant of the embodiments a closed container 3, possibly filled by its contents is placed in-to the chamber 1. The setting of the container 3 to be checked and having a volume V3 into the chamber 1, due to which the differential volume V1 - V3 is produced in the chamber proceeds by a charging gate which can be closed in a completely sealed manner and is not particularly illustrated.
A source 5 of pressurized gas is connected via a con-necting line 7 to the chamber 1. In accordance with the schematic illustration the source 5 allows basically a con-trolled setting of the mass flow m of the gas which is fed per unit of time via the line 7 to the volume V1 - V3, such as a setting to respective constant values. For this task and by example a storage tank 9 is provided for the pres-surized gas and a control member 11 regulated by the through mass flow, such as for instance a constantly adjustable valve.
This extremely simple volume testing apparatus oper-ates such as will be explained with reference to Figs. 1b to 1e.
After the volume or container 3, resp. to be tested the flow of a predetermined mass flow m of gas is set by means of the source 5 which is controlled regarding the mass flow in, for instance by the continuously adjustable valve 11. The pressure P1 3 in the volume difference V1 ~ V3 rises during the time span. This pressure is sensed by means of a pressure sensor 13.
-~- 204~02 Simultaneously with the begin of the operation or opening, resp. of the valve 11 a timing unit 15 is star-ted which after a pre-settable time span T outputs or for-wards further, resp. the output of the pressure sensor 13 for the further evaluation and thus a evaluation signal indicative of the checking.
According to the illustration of Fig. 1b the pressure arrived at in the chamber 1 with the volume difference V1 ~
V3 after the pre-settable time span T will reach a higher value P at a larger volume V3 and a lower value Pk at a smaller volume V3, Thus, the pressure arrived at in the differential vo-lume or in the volume which is correlated to the volume V3 to be checked, resp. after the pre-settable time span T is evaluated as evaluation signal for the volume test.
According to a second variant of the evaluations, and such as illustrated in Fig. 1c a predetermined and adjustable pressure value PGr is set instead of a pre-set time span.
To this end and such as illustrated at the left side in Fig. 1c the output of the pressure sensor 13 is connected to a comparator 17 and a signal S which corresnonds to the above mentioned pressure PGr is inputted as reference va-lue into the comparator 17. By means of the starting sig-nal which was explained by reference to Fig. 1a the time counter 19 is started and then stopped by the output signal of the comparator, i.e. at the instance when the pressure measured at the sensor 13 reaches a value S which corres-ponds to the pre-settable pressure threshold value PGr.
The time value r taken at the counter 19 is then evaluated as volume indicating signal.
204~402 It is shown by the course at the right side of Fig.
1c that at a larger volume V3 to be tested the time span r is shorter than in case of a smaller volume tested where the time span such as illustrated qualitatively in-creases with 7 k.
Fig. 1d illustrates a further variant of preparing a checking signal. By means of a sensor 21 illustrated in Fig. 1a by broken lines the amont of gas, the mass or vo-lume, resp. flow m fed per unit of time to the differen-tial volume V1 - V3 is measured and integrated at the in-tegration unit 23 over the time wherewith the amount of gas which has flown from the starting of the measuring cycle is detected.
Now, according to Fig. 1d again a limit or treshold, resp. PGr is pre-set and the amount of gas is measured which has flown from the start of the measuring cycle up to reaching this limit pressure. If the volume 3 to be checked is larger the amount of gas M which has flown un-til reaching the limit pressure is smaller than in case of a smaller volume to be checked, such as illustrated by Mk. The reaching of the limit pressure P~r according to Fig. ld is achieved for instance by a pressure sensor 13 and a comparator 17 switched in following the sensor 13 and by pre-setting the limit pressure PGr such as illus-trated at the left in Fig. 1c.
Fig. 1e illustrates a further variant of ~epairing an evaluation signal. A pre-set measuring cycle T is set and the amount of gas is measured which has flown after the start of the measuring cycle. During the pre- set time span T, at a constant delivery pressure of the source 9 and at a delivered amount m per unit of time which, therefore, depends from the delivery pressure pg and the ~... .~.
`2043 102 pressure in the differential volume, a lower amount of gas flows into the differential volume V1 ~ V3 at a larger vo-lume V3 to be checked, such as illustrated schematically by ~g. And analogue thereto, at a smaller volume V3 to be checked the amount Mk of gas which is fed within the time span T is larger.
The amount of gas which has flown from the start of the measuring cycle is sensed for instance again by the sensor 21 illustrated in Fig. 1 by broken lines and the integrator 23 coupled at the output side thereof.
In Fig. 2 the apparatus which is analogue to the ap-paratus of Fig. 1a is shown, when the volume which is cor-related to the volume to be checked is formed directly by the inner volume V3 of the container to be checked, such as for instance a plastic bottle. Here the possibly in-stalled pressure sensor of Fig. 1a is arranged directly at the delivery line 7 between a connector 25 for a tight, sealed connecting of the line 7 to the opening of the con-tainer 3. In contrast to the variant of the embodiment of Fig. 1a the container here is an open container such as a plastic bottle which just has been produced.
The procedure and the technique of evaluation remain the same, such as already explained with reference to Fig.1.
Latter techni~ue is such as schematically illustrated in Fig. 3 extraordinarily advantageous and suitable for a checking of containers 3a, 3b, etc. which are supplied at a continuous in-line production fashio~ and just have been produced, whereby the checking of the volume is either made via flexible connections during the moving of the contai-ners, for instance on a conveyor belt 27, or then when an intermittently driven conveyor belt or correspondingly $
~.
~0~39~2 driven conveyor apparatus, resp. is present, where one container or such as shown in Fig. 3 preferably a plura-lity of containers are simultaneously subjected to the volume testing.
In order to solve at the procedures according to Figs. 2 and 3, resp. sealing difficulties in case of de-viations of dimensions and shapes of the opening areas 29 of the containers to be controlled which may for instance occur due to production tolerances or then in order to be able to control various containers at a production line without any adjusting procedures, resp. it is suggested to design the connector 25 according to Figs. 2 and 3 such as illustrated in Fig. 4. Accordingly, a connector structured in accordance with the invention includes a casing 29, for instance of metal or plastic having a re-cess 31 for receipt of the opening area of the container 3 to be checked, for instance of a bottle nec~ of a plastic bottle.
A circumferentially extending bellows 33 is mounted at the lower area of the recess and coaxially to an axis A
of the recess which bellows is made of a rubber elastic material, and conduits for a pressurized medium are loca-ted at one or a plurality of locations which open into the bellows, whereby such medium is preferably a pressurized gas.
A connector in accordance with the invention includes furthermore, a supply line 37 which opens into the recess 31 and which is connected if the inventive connector is used for volume checking purposes according to Figs. 2 and 3, to the gas feed connecting line 7.
By a inflating of the bellows 33 the connector 25 is placed at its lower area in a sealed manner onto the open-~1~434~)2 ing area or the bottle neck, resp. of the respective con-tainer 3 to be checked. A tightly sealed seat is arrived at, within large limits independent from the specific bul-ging shape or dimension, resp. of this opening area. When applying the connector 25 it is preferred, such as illus-trated by F to apply pressure onto the connector 25 which is transmitted via the container 3 to be checked onto its respective supporting base such that upon an inflating and sealed placing of the bellows 33 onto the outer small sur-face of the container 3 to be checked no yielding in axial direction accordins to A of the connector 25 or container 3, resp. can occur.
According to the described procedure it is possible tomake a volume checking of closed or opened containers in that the evaluation signals illustrated in the figures and described above may be, such as he~n not specifically en-tered into but quite obvious to the person skilled in the art, be subjected in a further generally known procedure can be classified further: Depending from the fact if the evaluation signals are to high or to low or to large or to small, resp. a respective container which is checked is rejected as not acceptably large or not acceptably small.
By a controlling of the amount of gas in fed per unit of time to the respective volume, time spans which must pass within which one must wait for a pressure equalisation un-til a relevant measuring is possible are no longer needed.
By means of the connector suggested in accordance with the invention it is possible to contact in a sealed manner containers having variously shaped or dimensioned, resp.
opening areas within a large range, such as bottle necks, and for instance for filling same or in connection with a ~'' ~o43402 checking of the volume in order to act upon the contai-ners by means of checking gas.
While there are shown and described present prefer-red embodiments of the invention it is to be distinctly understood that the invention is not limited thereto, but may be otherwise variously embodied and practiced within the scope of the following claims. Specifically to be noted is that all claimed embodiments relating to the method and apparatus for checking singly checked con-tainers are equally applicable for a in-line checking specifically of plastic bottles.
-n
CHECKING THE VOLUME OF CONTAINERS
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method of checking the volume of containers in which a gas is fed into a volume which is correlated to the volume of a respective container and a signal which depends from the supplied amount of gas is evaluated as signal indicative of the volume of the container.
It also relates to an apparatus for checking the volume of containers by means of a source of pressurized gas and a connecting line extending from mentioned source into a vessel of which the volume is correlated to the volume of the container to be checked.
The invention relates, furthermore, to a connector for containers.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART
The European Patent Specification EP-O 313 678 B1 published May 3, 1989 discloses a method in which a side of the checking regarding the tightness of containers a signal is evaluated which depends from the volume of the container being checked. A container to be checked is placed into a checking chamber wherewith the volume difference between the checking chamber and the container to be checked forms a volume which depends from or is correlated to the volume of the container. This volume is acted upon by a pressurized gas from a pre-charged storage chamber by opening a valve arranged in a connecting line, and the ratio of the pressures ahead of *
the opening of the valve and after the opening of the valve gives an indication of the volume of the container, this due to the decompression of the pressure from the pre-charged chamber into the checking chamber.
The drawback of this method is that due to the sudden decompression of the pressurized gas from mentioned chamber into the checking chamber relatively long time spans must elapse until transient processes of the equalizing of the pressure have been damped for instance caused at the one side by the sudden decompression of the gas and the thereby occurring uncontrollable gas flow and at the other side by the time dependent yielding of the wall of the container to be checked, as well.
It is additionally necessary, when proceeding from one checking to a subsequent checking to always recharge the chamber up to a preselected pressure before the subsequent checking can be initiated. This also increases the time span of a measuring cycle.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Hence, it is an object of the invention to provide a method by means of which the time of a measuring cycle can be reduced considerably.
Specifically, the invention provides a method of reducing a measuring cycle time for checking volume of empty containers conveyed in a stream of containers so as to determine whether the volume of respective containers correspond to a rated volume, the method comprising: the steps of feeding a gas into one of said empty containers, providing a signal dependent upon a supplied amount of gas, and evaluating said signal so as to provide an indication as to whether the volume of said one of said empty containers being checked corresponds to the rated volume, wherein the step of feeding of gas includes controlling a flow of the gas so as to provide a steady . ., 2~q3402 flow into the volume thereby avoiding a transient pressure behavior time span in said containers.
The invention also provides an apparatus for checking volume of containers, the apparatus comprising a source of pressurized gas, a connecting line extending from said source into a vessel of which the volume is correlated to the volume of the container to be checked, and means for controlling the source of pressurized gas so as to deliver a steady flow of a predeterminable amount of pressurized gas per unit of time so as to reduce a measuring cycle time.
A further object is to provide an apparatus by means of which the time of a measuring cycle can be reduced considerably.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The invention will be better understood and objects other than those set forth above will become apparent when consideration is given to the following detailed description thereof. Such description makes reference to the annexed drawings wherein:
Fig. la illustrates schematically an apparatus structured in accordance with the invention, in which the volume which is correlated to the volume to be checked is taken as the volume of a checking chamber;
Fig. lb is a diagram illustrating on a qualitative basis the course of the pressure in the checking chamber if a substantially constant mass flow of gas is fed there-. .
04~4~2 into, for the explanation of an evaluation signal of afirst variant ;
Fig. 1c is a diagram analogue to the diagram of Fig. 1b for the explanation of a further variant of the preparation for the evaluation signal ;
Fig. 1d is a diagram to illustrate the mass of gas which has flown in correlation with the pressure in the gas chamber, for the illustrating of a further variant of the preparation for the evaluation signal ;
Fig. 1e is a diagram illustrating in relation to the time axis the mass of gas which has flown since the begin of the measuring cycle for the explaining of a fur-ther variant of the preparation for the evaluation signal;
Fig. 2 is an illustration analogue to Fig. 1a and of a variant of an embodiment of the inventive apparatus, in which the volume which is correlated to the volume to be checked is taken directly as the volume of a container to be checked;
Fig. 3 is an illustration analogue to the illustra-tion of Fig. 2, showing schematically the checking of groups of containers arranged in line during the production of the containers;
Fig. 4 is an illustration of a longitudinal section through a connector for containers structured in accordance with the invention, specifically also used at the embodi-ments of the invention according to Fig. 2 and 3 for the inventive volume checking method and the inventive volume checking apparatus, resp.
-B
~.. .....
~143402 DESCRIPTIOM OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Fig. 1a illustrates schematically a checking cham-ber 1, whereby in this variant of the embodiments a closed container 3, possibly filled by its contents is placed in-to the chamber 1. The setting of the container 3 to be checked and having a volume V3 into the chamber 1, due to which the differential volume V1 - V3 is produced in the chamber proceeds by a charging gate which can be closed in a completely sealed manner and is not particularly illustrated.
A source 5 of pressurized gas is connected via a con-necting line 7 to the chamber 1. In accordance with the schematic illustration the source 5 allows basically a con-trolled setting of the mass flow m of the gas which is fed per unit of time via the line 7 to the volume V1 - V3, such as a setting to respective constant values. For this task and by example a storage tank 9 is provided for the pres-surized gas and a control member 11 regulated by the through mass flow, such as for instance a constantly adjustable valve.
This extremely simple volume testing apparatus oper-ates such as will be explained with reference to Figs. 1b to 1e.
After the volume or container 3, resp. to be tested the flow of a predetermined mass flow m of gas is set by means of the source 5 which is controlled regarding the mass flow in, for instance by the continuously adjustable valve 11. The pressure P1 3 in the volume difference V1 ~ V3 rises during the time span. This pressure is sensed by means of a pressure sensor 13.
-~- 204~02 Simultaneously with the begin of the operation or opening, resp. of the valve 11 a timing unit 15 is star-ted which after a pre-settable time span T outputs or for-wards further, resp. the output of the pressure sensor 13 for the further evaluation and thus a evaluation signal indicative of the checking.
According to the illustration of Fig. 1b the pressure arrived at in the chamber 1 with the volume difference V1 ~
V3 after the pre-settable time span T will reach a higher value P at a larger volume V3 and a lower value Pk at a smaller volume V3, Thus, the pressure arrived at in the differential vo-lume or in the volume which is correlated to the volume V3 to be checked, resp. after the pre-settable time span T is evaluated as evaluation signal for the volume test.
According to a second variant of the evaluations, and such as illustrated in Fig. 1c a predetermined and adjustable pressure value PGr is set instead of a pre-set time span.
To this end and such as illustrated at the left side in Fig. 1c the output of the pressure sensor 13 is connected to a comparator 17 and a signal S which corresnonds to the above mentioned pressure PGr is inputted as reference va-lue into the comparator 17. By means of the starting sig-nal which was explained by reference to Fig. 1a the time counter 19 is started and then stopped by the output signal of the comparator, i.e. at the instance when the pressure measured at the sensor 13 reaches a value S which corres-ponds to the pre-settable pressure threshold value PGr.
The time value r taken at the counter 19 is then evaluated as volume indicating signal.
204~402 It is shown by the course at the right side of Fig.
1c that at a larger volume V3 to be tested the time span r is shorter than in case of a smaller volume tested where the time span such as illustrated qualitatively in-creases with 7 k.
Fig. 1d illustrates a further variant of preparing a checking signal. By means of a sensor 21 illustrated in Fig. 1a by broken lines the amont of gas, the mass or vo-lume, resp. flow m fed per unit of time to the differen-tial volume V1 - V3 is measured and integrated at the in-tegration unit 23 over the time wherewith the amount of gas which has flown from the starting of the measuring cycle is detected.
Now, according to Fig. 1d again a limit or treshold, resp. PGr is pre-set and the amount of gas is measured which has flown from the start of the measuring cycle up to reaching this limit pressure. If the volume 3 to be checked is larger the amount of gas M which has flown un-til reaching the limit pressure is smaller than in case of a smaller volume to be checked, such as illustrated by Mk. The reaching of the limit pressure P~r according to Fig. ld is achieved for instance by a pressure sensor 13 and a comparator 17 switched in following the sensor 13 and by pre-setting the limit pressure PGr such as illus-trated at the left in Fig. 1c.
Fig. 1e illustrates a further variant of ~epairing an evaluation signal. A pre-set measuring cycle T is set and the amount of gas is measured which has flown after the start of the measuring cycle. During the pre- set time span T, at a constant delivery pressure of the source 9 and at a delivered amount m per unit of time which, therefore, depends from the delivery pressure pg and the ~... .~.
`2043 102 pressure in the differential volume, a lower amount of gas flows into the differential volume V1 ~ V3 at a larger vo-lume V3 to be checked, such as illustrated schematically by ~g. And analogue thereto, at a smaller volume V3 to be checked the amount Mk of gas which is fed within the time span T is larger.
The amount of gas which has flown from the start of the measuring cycle is sensed for instance again by the sensor 21 illustrated in Fig. 1 by broken lines and the integrator 23 coupled at the output side thereof.
In Fig. 2 the apparatus which is analogue to the ap-paratus of Fig. 1a is shown, when the volume which is cor-related to the volume to be checked is formed directly by the inner volume V3 of the container to be checked, such as for instance a plastic bottle. Here the possibly in-stalled pressure sensor of Fig. 1a is arranged directly at the delivery line 7 between a connector 25 for a tight, sealed connecting of the line 7 to the opening of the con-tainer 3. In contrast to the variant of the embodiment of Fig. 1a the container here is an open container such as a plastic bottle which just has been produced.
The procedure and the technique of evaluation remain the same, such as already explained with reference to Fig.1.
Latter techni~ue is such as schematically illustrated in Fig. 3 extraordinarily advantageous and suitable for a checking of containers 3a, 3b, etc. which are supplied at a continuous in-line production fashio~ and just have been produced, whereby the checking of the volume is either made via flexible connections during the moving of the contai-ners, for instance on a conveyor belt 27, or then when an intermittently driven conveyor belt or correspondingly $
~.
~0~39~2 driven conveyor apparatus, resp. is present, where one container or such as shown in Fig. 3 preferably a plura-lity of containers are simultaneously subjected to the volume testing.
In order to solve at the procedures according to Figs. 2 and 3, resp. sealing difficulties in case of de-viations of dimensions and shapes of the opening areas 29 of the containers to be controlled which may for instance occur due to production tolerances or then in order to be able to control various containers at a production line without any adjusting procedures, resp. it is suggested to design the connector 25 according to Figs. 2 and 3 such as illustrated in Fig. 4. Accordingly, a connector structured in accordance with the invention includes a casing 29, for instance of metal or plastic having a re-cess 31 for receipt of the opening area of the container 3 to be checked, for instance of a bottle nec~ of a plastic bottle.
A circumferentially extending bellows 33 is mounted at the lower area of the recess and coaxially to an axis A
of the recess which bellows is made of a rubber elastic material, and conduits for a pressurized medium are loca-ted at one or a plurality of locations which open into the bellows, whereby such medium is preferably a pressurized gas.
A connector in accordance with the invention includes furthermore, a supply line 37 which opens into the recess 31 and which is connected if the inventive connector is used for volume checking purposes according to Figs. 2 and 3, to the gas feed connecting line 7.
By a inflating of the bellows 33 the connector 25 is placed at its lower area in a sealed manner onto the open-~1~434~)2 ing area or the bottle neck, resp. of the respective con-tainer 3 to be checked. A tightly sealed seat is arrived at, within large limits independent from the specific bul-ging shape or dimension, resp. of this opening area. When applying the connector 25 it is preferred, such as illus-trated by F to apply pressure onto the connector 25 which is transmitted via the container 3 to be checked onto its respective supporting base such that upon an inflating and sealed placing of the bellows 33 onto the outer small sur-face of the container 3 to be checked no yielding in axial direction accordins to A of the connector 25 or container 3, resp. can occur.
According to the described procedure it is possible tomake a volume checking of closed or opened containers in that the evaluation signals illustrated in the figures and described above may be, such as he~n not specifically en-tered into but quite obvious to the person skilled in the art, be subjected in a further generally known procedure can be classified further: Depending from the fact if the evaluation signals are to high or to low or to large or to small, resp. a respective container which is checked is rejected as not acceptably large or not acceptably small.
By a controlling of the amount of gas in fed per unit of time to the respective volume, time spans which must pass within which one must wait for a pressure equalisation un-til a relevant measuring is possible are no longer needed.
By means of the connector suggested in accordance with the invention it is possible to contact in a sealed manner containers having variously shaped or dimensioned, resp.
opening areas within a large range, such as bottle necks, and for instance for filling same or in connection with a ~'' ~o43402 checking of the volume in order to act upon the contai-ners by means of checking gas.
While there are shown and described present prefer-red embodiments of the invention it is to be distinctly understood that the invention is not limited thereto, but may be otherwise variously embodied and practiced within the scope of the following claims. Specifically to be noted is that all claimed embodiments relating to the method and apparatus for checking singly checked con-tainers are equally applicable for a in-line checking specifically of plastic bottles.
-n
Claims (14)
1. A method of reducing a measuring cycle time for checking volume of empty containers conveyed in a stream of containers so as to determine whether the volume of respective containers correspond to a rated volume, the method comprising:
the steps of feeding a gas into one of said empty containers, providing a signal dependent upon a supplied amount of gas, and evaluating said signal so as to provide an indication as to whether the volume of said one of said empty containers being checked corresponds to the rated volume, wherein the step of feeding of gas includes controlling a flow of the gas so as to provide a steady flow into the volume thereby avoiding a transient pressure behavior time span in said containers.
the steps of feeding a gas into one of said empty containers, providing a signal dependent upon a supplied amount of gas, and evaluating said signal so as to provide an indication as to whether the volume of said one of said empty containers being checked corresponds to the rated volume, wherein the step of feeding of gas includes controlling a flow of the gas so as to provide a steady flow into the volume thereby avoiding a transient pressure behavior time span in said containers.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein a time period until the pressure in the volume of the container has reached a predetermined value is measured as said signal.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein either the supplied amount of gas up to reaching a predetermined pressure is measured as said signal or a time period up to reaching a predetermined pressure or the pressure reached after a predetermined time period is measured as said signal.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein pressure of the gas after a predetermined time period is measured as said signal.
5. An apparatus for checking volume of containers, the apparatus comprising a source of pressurized gas, a connecting line extending from said source into a vessel of which the volume is correlated to the volume of the container to be checked, and means for controlling the source of pressurized gas so as to deliver a steady flow of a predeterminable amount of pressurized gas per unit of time so as to reduce a measuring cycle time.
6. The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein said container forms said vessel, and wherein at least one connector is provided for a sealed connection between the container and the connecting line.
7. The apparatus according to claim 5, further comprising a time measuring device and a pressure sensor at one of the vessel or at the connecting line, the pressure sensor having an output which is supplied to a comparator, wherein said time measuring device is adapted to be started by an initiating signal of the source of pressurized gas and to be stopped by an output signal of the comparator, and wherein said time measuring device is adapted to produce an output signal representing an output signal of a checking process.
8. An apparatus for checking the volume of containers, the apparatus comprising a source of pressurized gas, a connecting line extending from said source into a vessel of which the volume is correlated to the volume of the container to be checked, means for controlling the source of pressurized gas so as to deliver a steady flow of a predeterminable amount of pressurized gas per unit of time, a throughflow rate measuring device arranged at the connecting line for providing an output signal, and one of a time setting unit or a pressure comparator unit for controlling said throughflow rate measuring device and being adapted to issue an output signal of a checking process.
9. The apparatus as claimed in claim 5, further comprising a pressure measuring device arranged at one of the vessel or at the connecting line, and a time setting unit for controlling said pressure measuring device, wherein an output signal of the pressure measuring device is a signal representing a checking process.
10. An apparatus for checking the volume of containers, the apparatus comprising a source of pressurized gas, a connecting line extending from said source into a vessel of which the volume is correlated to the volume of the container to be checked, and means for controlling the source of pressurized gas so as to deliver a steady flow of a predeterminable amount of pressurized gas per unit of time, wherein said container forms said vessel, at least one container is provided for a sealed connection between the connector and the connecting line, and wherein a plurality of connectors are provided and are adapted to be simultaneously operated.
11. A method for continuous checking of containers during production of the containers, the method comprising the steps of feeding a gas into a volume correlated to a volume of a respective container, providing a signal dependent upon the supplied amount of gas, and evaluating said signal so as to provide an indication of the volume of the container, wherein the step of feeding includes controlling the flow of the gas into the volume correlated to the volume of the container, thereby avoiding a transient pressure behavior time span in said container.
12. An apparatus for a continuous checking of containers during production of the containers, the apparatus comprising a source of pressurized gas, a connecting line extending from said source into a vessel having a volume correlated to a volume of the containers to be checked, and wherein said source of pressurized gas is adapted to deliver a predeterminable amount of gas per unit of time so as to avoid transient behavior within said vessel.
13. An apparatus according to claim 6, wherein said at least one connector comprises a connector casing having at least one connection for a line opening thereinto and at least one pneumatically operated elastically flexible bellows located at said casing and adapted to apply said connector within limits independently of the shape of a section of the container to be connected in a sealed state onto an outer wall of said container.
14. An apparatus according to claim 5, wherein said connecting line comprises a connector including a connection casing and at least one pneumatically operated elastically flexible bellows located at said casing and adapted to apply said connection within limits independently of a shape of a section of said container to be connected in a sealed state.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002193346A CA2193346C (en) | 1990-06-02 | 1991-05-28 | A method of and apparatus for checking the volume of containers |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4017853A DE4017853C2 (en) | 1990-06-02 | 1990-06-02 | Connection for filling a container and device for checking the volume of containers |
| DEP4017853.6 | 1990-06-02 |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002193346A Division CA2193346C (en) | 1990-06-02 | 1991-05-28 | A method of and apparatus for checking the volume of containers |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2043402A1 CA2043402A1 (en) | 1991-12-03 |
| CA2043402C true CA2043402C (en) | 1997-02-11 |
Family
ID=6407728
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002043402A Expired - Lifetime CA2043402C (en) | 1990-06-02 | 1991-05-28 | Method of and apparatus for checking the volume of containers |
| CA002193346A Expired - Lifetime CA2193346C (en) | 1990-06-02 | 1991-05-28 | A method of and apparatus for checking the volume of containers |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002193346A Expired - Lifetime CA2193346C (en) | 1990-06-02 | 1991-05-28 | A method of and apparatus for checking the volume of containers |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US5535624A (en) |
| EP (3) | EP0460511B1 (en) |
| JP (2) | JP2941092B2 (en) |
| AT (3) | ATE301278T1 (en) |
| CA (2) | CA2043402C (en) |
| DE (5) | DE4017853C2 (en) |
| DK (3) | DK0460511T3 (en) |
| ES (3) | ES2118068T3 (en) |
| HK (3) | HK1011724A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109313055A (en) * | 2016-06-09 | 2019-02-05 | 蒂阿马公司 | Method for determining the capacity of glass container |
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-
1991
- 1991-05-28 DK DK91108726T patent/DK0460511T3/en active
- 1991-05-28 DE DE59109268T patent/DE59109268D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-05-28 AT AT03000938T patent/ATE301278T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-05-28 DK DK97120677T patent/DK0833133T3/en active
- 1991-05-28 DK DK03000938T patent/DK1310777T3/en active
- 1991-05-28 AT AT91108726T patent/ATE167289T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-05-28 DE DE59109250T patent/DE59109250D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-05-28 AT AT97120677T patent/ATE237124T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-05-28 EP EP91108726A patent/EP0460511B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-05-28 ES ES91108726T patent/ES2118068T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-05-28 DE DE59109006T patent/DE59109006D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-05-28 CA CA002043402A patent/CA2043402C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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1994
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1996
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1997
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-
1998
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109313055A (en) * | 2016-06-09 | 2019-02-05 | 蒂阿马公司 | Method for determining the capacity of glass container |
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