CA2032640C - Prefabricated formwork - Google Patents
Prefabricated formworkInfo
- Publication number
- CA2032640C CA2032640C CA002032640A CA2032640A CA2032640C CA 2032640 C CA2032640 C CA 2032640C CA 002032640 A CA002032640 A CA 002032640A CA 2032640 A CA2032640 A CA 2032640A CA 2032640 C CA2032640 C CA 2032640C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- sheathing
- panels
- formwork
- panel
- formwork module
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
- E04B2/86—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
- E04B2/8647—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms with ties going through the forms
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/56—Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members
- E04B2002/565—Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members with a brick veneer facing
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
- E04B2/86—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
- E04B2002/8688—Scaffoldings or removable supports therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
- E04B2/86—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
- E04B2002/8694—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms with hinged spacers allowing the formwork to be collapsed for transport
Abstract
ABSTRACT
A prefabricated collapsible formwork module is assembled at a factory site, including the provision of a pair of sheathing panels which can be made of insulating material, as well as the mounting of the vapor barrier, the filler strips, bearing blocks, and flexible or collapsible connecting elements extending between the panels to retain the panels when they are being erected. The concrete reinforcement is assembled between the sheathing panels at the factory site. When the formwork module is fully assembled, it is then collapsed, that is, by moving one sheathing panel against the other including collapsing the collapsible connecting elements and sandwiching the concrete reinforcement which is preferably in the form of a grid, and the formwork module can then be stored and transported to a building site. At the building site, the formwork module is spread apart to the full extent of the connecting elements and spacers are provided between the sheathing panels for maintaining the panels apart. Typical joint mating means are installed at the edge areas of the sheathing panels to form joints with adjacent panels.
A prefabricated collapsible formwork module is assembled at a factory site, including the provision of a pair of sheathing panels which can be made of insulating material, as well as the mounting of the vapor barrier, the filler strips, bearing blocks, and flexible or collapsible connecting elements extending between the panels to retain the panels when they are being erected. The concrete reinforcement is assembled between the sheathing panels at the factory site. When the formwork module is fully assembled, it is then collapsed, that is, by moving one sheathing panel against the other including collapsing the collapsible connecting elements and sandwiching the concrete reinforcement which is preferably in the form of a grid, and the formwork module can then be stored and transported to a building site. At the building site, the formwork module is spread apart to the full extent of the connecting elements and spacers are provided between the sheathing panels for maintaining the panels apart. Typical joint mating means are installed at the edge areas of the sheathing panels to form joints with adjacent panels.
Description
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The present invention relates to a prefabricated formwork for concrete and more partlcularly to a collapsible prefabricated formwork for concrete walls.
The time-tested method of constructing concrete walls for buildings include the pouring of concrete into a formwork set up, in situ. This ; operation includes the erection of the formwork which ¦~ includes a pair of vertical sheathing panels in a spaced relationship by means of connecting elements. ;
Such formwork is either of the removable and thus reusable type or is of a lost form type wherein the formwork becomes part of the structure after the concrete is cured. A lost form of formwork utilizing sheathing panels of insulating material is called generally an insulating formwork. `~
.~ All known insulating formworkcomprise a connecting element which connects the two sheathing panels. This type of formwork can be ` 20 devided into two main categories depending on the arrangement between the connecting elements and the sheathing panels. ;~
The first category may be referred to as a hollow parallelepiped blocks. In this category, one can find a connecting element which is molded with the sheathing at the factory site and is sometimes referred to by the trademarks ARGISOL and MARENGO.
The advantages of this first category is that it is not necessary to install the connecting elements at the building site since they are already molded at the plant or factory with the two sheathing panels.
On the other hand, this type of formwork has serious disadvantages in terms of storage or transportation given the rather high volume/surface-of-formwork ratio.
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5The second category is referred to as the ~planar solid slab formwork. In this category the ., connecting elements are normally rigid and are supplied separately from the sheathing panels which are in the form of the planar solid slabs. Examples of this category is shown in U.S. Patents 4,604,843 and 4,888,931 and Canadian Patent 1,233,042. The disadvantages of this category of formwork is that the connecting elements must be assembled at the ,, building site which increases the installation cost of the formwork.
The formwork of both of these categories is subject to other disadvantages at the on-site installation, and that is the relative small ,f,dimensions of the modules. For example in order to ~:erect a 10 m formwork one must assemble 10 to 40 modules on site, depending on the type of formwork used, which increases the number of joints and the cost of installation. As far as the fabrication of these modules is concerned, various elaborate machining or molding procedures are required in order that the edges of the modules form proper joints on assembly.
Attempts to overcome these disadvantages have been made wherein the smaller modules are assembled at the factory site to form larger formwork sections and transporting these to the building site.
In such a case one encounters transportation problems in view of the high volume to formwork surface ratio.
I That is a large volume of forms must be carried for a relatively small formwork surface. Each of the forms are of course spaced apart and held there by the rigid ties such that one lands up transporting a great deal of air.
On the other hand, once insulating formwork is being utilized, other tasks must be added such as the installation of reinforcement rods, vapor , ' ' ' ' ' ''''"'`'' : ' '''''"
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barrier or filler strips. These additional tasks increase the installation costs and construction delays.
It is an aim of the present invention to provide formwork which can be rapidly installed and which takes the advantages of the above mentioned two categories of insulating formworks without the disadvantages.
It is a further aim of the present invention to provide a prefabricated collapsible formwork which will reduce the amount of space required for storage or transportation as compared with the above prefabricated formwork.
It is further aim of the present invention to provide a prefabricated formwork which includes vapor barriers, insulationj reinforcement and filler strips already included at the factory site, thereby ~; reducing the installation costs and construction delays at the building site.
It is a further aim of the present invention to provide prefabricated formwork modules which are of a greater size than those considered in the above two categories.
It is a further aim of the present invention to provide a prefabricated or preassembled collapsible formwork which one assembles at the `~ building site and readies to receive concrete as well as the outside finish covering and the interior finish covering.
The construction in accordance with the present invention comprises a formwork for a vertical wall including a prefabricated formwork module for a vertical wall including a first sheathing panel, a second sheathing panel and a plurality of collapsible connecting elements retained to each of the first and second sheathing panels and extending there-between in a spaced apart relationship, the first and ~, :~' second sheathing panels including edges. The ~3~ sheathing panels having joint means for permitting the formwork modules to be erected one to the other in edge to edge relationship, the formwork module and connecting elements being constructed such that ,, during storage or transportation of the formwork ~ ~ modules, each formwork module is collapsed such that '!
the first and second sheathing panel are adjacent one another with the connecting elements collapsed, and at the building site during assembly the first and second sheathing panels are spaced apart to the full extent of the connecting elements.
A method in accordance with the present invention comprises the steps of selecting a first sheathing panel having edges, the sheathing panels -~
forming joint means at the edge areas of the first sheathing panel, selecting a second sheathing panel with edges to form a formwork module attaching the ~`
first ends of a plurality of collapsible connecting elements to the first sheathing panel in a spaced ;`
apart relationship such that the connecting elements have opposite ends extending interior of the first panel, connecting the opposite ends of the collapsible connecting elements to the second sheathing panel such that the interior face of the second panel faces the interior face of the first panel and collapsing the first and second sheathing panels against each other for storage and transportion while separating the first and second panels to the full extent of the connecting elements during assembly thereof at a buil`ding site.
- More particularly the method includes assembling a plurality of formwork modules including providing joint means at the edge areas of contiguous sheathing panels of adjacent formwork modules.
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2 o ~ 2 ~ q o In a more specific embodiment of the present invention there are provided bearing devices on the exterior of the first and second sheathing panels respectively and the connecting elements pass through the panels and abut the bearing devlces. In a still more specific construction, the bearing devices are in the form of a filler strip and the sheathing panels are insulating panels. In a further specific embodiment, a concrete reinforcement in the form of a grid is assembled between the first and second sheathing panels at the factory site. Further, the vapor barrier can be installed on the insulating sheathing panels at the factory site such that all of the component parts of the formwork can be preassembled at the factory site and the form can be collapsed for storage and transportation.
The erection of the formwork at the building site consists of separating the first and second sheathing panels and by maintaining the separation by inserting spacers therebetween and connecting the joints at the edge areas of the panels with adjacent panels. In a more specific embodiment the spacers could be collapsible spacers which are preassembled at the factory site and which can be deployed at the building site when separating the first and second sheathing panels.
The invention is especially concerned with the preassembling of as many building components as possible on the formwork, at the factory site, and to use as much as possible, conventional building materials in order to avoid the necessity of molding processes such as for molding expandable polystyrene.
It is an aim therefore to render the form construction as universal as possible.
Certain advantages which can be noted from the present invention include:
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~ - 6 - 2, ~ ~ 2 ~ ~ i 3 - Reduced storage and transportation costs since the formwork utilizes collapsible connecting elements allowing the formwork to be collapsed, thereby reducing their respective volume to formwork surface ratio;
- A rapid and simple assembly of the prefabricated panels, and in particular a larger size module ~11 when using insulating sheathing panels, thereby reducing the number of assembling steps on the building site and the number of joints for a given formwork surface. For example to erect 10 m2 of formwork only three modules are required under the present invention instead of the current 10 to 40 modules.
The prefabrication of the sheathing panels is simple since no molding or machining of the panels is required. All that is required is to form holes through the sheathing panels.
A new form mating joint is described which offers resistance to traction and compression and this in two or three perpendicular directions. The system allows for rapid assembling and in case of errors an equally rapid disassembling of the modules.
Preassembling the vapor barriers and the filler strips, both interior and exterior, as well as the concrete reinforcement, at the factory site, eliminates having to provide for these steps at the building site, thereby reducing costs.
Having thus generally described the nature ` of the invention, reference will now be made to the accompanying drawings, showing by way of illustrationj preferred embodiments thereof, and in ~; which:
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Fig. 1 is a fragmentary vertical cross-section of a formwork for a concrete frame building having a wooden exterior facing and a gypsum panel interior facing in accordance with the present invention; --~
Fig. 2 is a fragmentary vertical cross-section of another embodiment of the present ,-;~
invention and showing a metallic exterior facing and a gypsum panel interior facing;
10 ` Fig. 3 is a fragmentary vertical cross -section of still another embodiment of the present invention~and showing a metallic exterior facing and a wood panel interior facing; `~
' Fig. 4 is a fragmentary vertical cross- `~
section of still another embodiment of the present invention and showing an exterior stucco facing and -an intexior ceramic tile facing; ;~
Fig. 5 is a fragmentary vertical cross- ;-section of the present invention and showing yet ~
another embodiment thereof and illustrating a brick `
exterior facing and an interior concrete facingi Fig. 6 is a fragmentary vertical cross-section of still another embodiment of the present invention and showing an exterior brick facing and an interior gyspsum panel facing;
Fig. 7 is a vertical cross-section of still another embodiment of the present invention and having a stucco facing on one side thereof and a ' ceramic tile facing on the other side thereof;
Fig. 8 is a fragmentary elevational showing a joint between two adjacent formwork modules of the present invention;
Fig. 8A is a fragmentary enlarged vertical cross-section taken along lines A-A of Fig. 8;
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;1 - 8 -Fig. 8B ls a view partly broken away of a detail shown in Fig.8;
Fig. 9 is a fragmentary elevational view of another embodiment of a joint between two ~, adjacent formwork modules;
~, ~ Fig. 9A is an enlarged vertical cross-'G section taken along lines B-B of Fig.9;
Fig. 9B is a view partly broken away of a detail shown in Fig.9;
Fig. 10 is a fragmentary elevational view of another embodiment of a joint between two adjacent formwork modules;
Fig. lOA is an enlarged fragmentary vertical cross-section taken along lines C-C of Fig. 10;
Fig. lOB is a view partly broken away of a detail shown in Fig. 10;
Fig. 11 is a fragmentary elevational Y~ view of still another embodiment of a joint between ~ 20 two adjacent formwork modules;
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Fig. llA is an enlarged fragmentary vertical cross-section taken along lines D-D of Fig. 11;
Fig. llB is a view partly broken away of the detail of Fig. 11;
Fig. 12 is a fragmentary elevational view of a joint between two formwork modules; -Fig. 12A is a view partly broken away of ~-~
a detail of Fig. 12;
Fig. 12B is an exploded view in cross-section of the joint shown in Fig. 12; -~
Fig. 13 is a vertical exploded cross- -sectional view, partly broken away, and showing a joint in accordance with an embodiment of the present `
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g ~ . -Fig. 14 is an enlarged exploded cross-sectional view similar to Fig. 13 but showing another ; embodiment thereof;
Flg. 15 is a fragmentary elevational view showing a ]oint of another embodiment of the sheathing panels of adjacent formwork modules;
Fig. 15A is a fragmentary enlaryed vertical cross-section taken along lines E-E of Fig. 15;
Fig. 16 is an elevational fragmentary view of a corner module for the formwork of the present invention;
Fig. 16A is a horizontal cross-section taken along lines F-F of Fig. 16; ;~
Fig. 17 is an enlarged fragmentary -~
cross-sectional view taken laterally through a typical formwork module and showing a still further embodiment of a connecting elementi i Fig. 17A is an enlarged fragmentary cross-sectional view taken along lines A-A of Fig. 17; ~j Fig. 18 is an enlarged fragmentary cross-sectional view in the same plane as Fig. 17 and showing the connecting element of fig. 17 in a different operating position; ;-~
Fig. 18A is an enlarged fragmentary cross-sectional view taken along lines B-B of Fig. 18;
' Fig. 18B is an enlarged fragmentary cross-section of a detail shown in Fig. 18A but in a different operating position;
Fig. 18C is an enlarged fragmentary front elevation showing the detail in Fig. 18B;
Fig. 19 is an enlarged fragmentary ~ ~
cross-section of a detail showing a further embodi- ~-ment of the end of the connecting member; and ~
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Fig. l9A is a fragmentary front elevation showing the detail in Fig. 19 from the end thereof.
Referring now to the drawings and in particular to Fig. 1, fragments of two formworks . joined together at a building site are illustrated wherein each formwork has an exterior sheathing panel 1 made of expanded polystyrene (EPS). An opposite interior sheathing panel 2 of similar insulating material is also shown. The exterior ~ ~ 10 panel 1 and interior panel 2 are held together by t~ ; flexible connecting elements 3.
These flexible connecting elements 3 illustrated in the embodiment of Fig. 1 are made from multi strand metal cable. It is understood that the ~, ~ connecting elements can be made of other types of materials such as plastic. The connecting element 3 is meant to abut the exterior of sheathing panel 1 against a bearing block 4 and at sheathing panel 2, against a bearing block 5. These bearing blocks 4 and 5 can be fabricated out of wood having square outline and dimensions of 89mm x 89mm x l9mm.
It is understood that these bearing blocks can also be made of metal, plastic, or other material having ; the necessary structural resistance and the shapes and dimensions could be different. The connecting elements 3 are passed through the panels 1 and 2 to abut the bearing blocks 4 and 5 as shown in the drawings. These are assembled at the factory site so that the formwork is prefabricated before shipping.
It is important that the connecting elements 3 be at least foldable so that the panel 2 can be collapsed onto the panel 1 for instance in the storage or transportation condition and then be expanded to the full extent of the connecting member 3 at the building site when it is being assembled.
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?~ Another embodiment of the connecting ??~ elements is illustrated in Fig. 1 and this includes ~s connecting elements 6 which are made up of a plurality of metallic monofilaments grouped together but spaced apart one from the other. These connecting elements retain the respective sheathing panels 1 and 2 by means of bearing blocks 7 and 8 respec-tively, also illustrated in Fig. 1. The bearing ,~ blocks 7 and 8 as illustrated are made of wood as are 10 the bearing blocks 4 and 5. However the bearing blocks 7 and 8 are much thinner than the blocks 4 and 5 in view of the fact that the connecting elements 6 include several spaced monofilaments located at different locations on the bearing blocks 7 and 8. In the case of connecting ele-ments 3, they are located at one location and either of blocks 4 and 5. These bearing blocks 4 and 5, and 7 and 8 are considered discontinuous blocks.
On the other hand, the exterior surfaces of the sheathing panels 1 are provided with continuous all-purpose filler strips 9. These blocks ~:
are strips 9 having in the present embodiment a -thickness of l9mm and a width of 89mm. The filler strip 9 is used for nailing the exterior wooden .
facing 10 and has a support for the sheathing panel and referred to as a continuous bearing strip. A
similar multi- purpose filler strip 11 is provided on the interior sheathing panel 2 and a connecting element 3 is connected to both filler strips 9 and 11. The filler strip 11 is used as a base for receiving screw-type fasteners for the interior gypsum panels 12 and for retaining the vapor barrier 13 which is mounted to the panel 2 at the factory site.
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Respective formwork modules are connected together at joint 24, that is at the edges of the respective sheathing panels 1 and 2. In the embodiment of Fig. 1 a male joint member 14 and female joint member 15 help to locate the panels at the joint 24. These elements 14 and 15 clearly can be made of wood as shown in the drawings or of metal or , ~, plastic or other combination of materials.
The two sheathing panels 1 and 2 making up the formwork are held at a spaced-apart position against the connecting elements 3 by means of spacers. In Fig. 1, spacer 16 is placed therein at the building site during assembly. A string 17 is provided to remove the spacer 16 when it is no longer required.
Spacer 18 is a permanent spacer installed in the form at the building site. The spacer 18 is shown with two notches for receiving reinforcement rods 19, and this combination is allowed to be lost in the concrete when it is poured.
Another embodiment of the spacer is illustrated by the numeral 20. The spacer 20 includes a hinge 21 and a locking device 22 which locks the spacer 20 in its extended position when the formwork is installed at the building site. Spacers 18 and 20 are provided with plates 23 which are in contact with the interior faces of the sheathing panels 1 and 2.
` The concrete 25 is poured into place between sheathing panels 1 and 2. All of the components are preassembled at the factory site with the exception of spacers 16, 18 and 20 which are installed at the building site. The reinforcement rods 19, the concrete 25 and the gypsum panels 12, as well as th~
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exterior wood facing 10 are installed at the building `
site.
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Referring now to Fig. 2 the external metallic facing 37 is fixed to metal filler strip 26.
The filler strip 26 is a multi-purpose bearing strip that helps to support the exterior sheathing panel 27. The interior gypsum panels 28 are fixed to metallic filler strip 29 which is also a multi-purpose bearing strip which helps to support the interior sheathing panel 30 and which holds the vapor barrier 31 to the panel 30.
The sheathing panels 27 and 30 are also held by the discontinuous bearing members 32 and 33.
The bearing members 26, 29, 32 and 33 are connected by means of connecting elements 38 which are cables.
The bearing blocks 39 and 40 are connected by connecting element 41 which is made up of a number of spaced-apart mono-filaments wires. The bearing ele-ments can be made out of metal as shown in Fig. 2 or can be made out of other materials.
The joints 34 are in the form of rabbet joints and the male joint elements also are bearing blocks as are the joint elements 36 to which a connecting element 38 is associated. Prefabricated temporary spacers 42 which are installed at the building site are provided to maintain the two sheathing panels 27 and 30 in their spaced extended position at the building site. Spacer 42 is provided with a wire 43 for the purpose of removing the spacer when it is no longer required. The spacer is provided with a notch 44 to facilitate the installation thereof at the building site.
The spacers 45 which also serves to separate the sheathing panels 27 and 30 are installed at the factory site and are deployed at the building site. The spacer 45 includes a mechanism provided with three hinges 46 and is provided with a blocking device 47.
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- 14 - ~ ~3 ;3 ~,l The concrete reinforcing structure 48 is l assembled at the factory site in the form of a metallic trellis or grid. This grid 48 is parallel to the sheathing panels 27 and 30 and can be conve-'¦ niently collapsed for storage and transportation when ?,' the panels 27 and 30 are collapsed against each other with the metallic grid work 48 sandwiched there-~; between. When the formworks are being assembled at the building site the reinforcing grid 48 is properly located in a spaced relationship with the help of the notches 49 provided in the spacers. At the joints of the various formwork modules, the metallic re-inforcing grid is overlapped as shown at 50.
Fig. 3 shows a similar formwork with an exterior sheathing panel 51 made up of a rigid insu-lating material, a core 52 sandwiched between re-inforcement coatings 53 on the exterior face and a polymeric reinforcement coating 54 on the interior surface of the panel 51. These coatings are of course provided at the factory site.
The interior sheathing panel 55 is made up of a composite material including a core 56 and coatings 57 and 58 which are held together by a chemical adhesive. For example the core 56 can be an extruded polystyrene (expanded polystyrene EPS) material while the coating 57 is a pressed wood fiber glued to the core 56 and the coating 58 is a two-ply plywood glued to the core 56. The external sheathing panel 51 and the internal sheathing panel 55 are connected by means of collapsible connecting elements 59 which are rigid links connected by means of three hinges 60. The connecting element 59 is mounted to the sheathing panels 51 and 55 at the factory site along with the discontinuous bearing blocks 61 made out of plastic and the bearing blocks 62 made out of wood. The plastic bearing block 63 is connected to the wooden bearing block 64 ,...
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by means of a flexible connecting element 65. The flexible connecting element 65 in this embodiment is made of a chain with metal chain links. The multi-purpose filler strips 66 serve as bearing blocks for the connecting elements 69 and also serve to receive screws for mounting the outer metallic facing 67. The filler strip 66 is attached to the filler/bearing block 68 by a collapsible connecting element 69 which is made up of a metallic chain 70 and several metal cables 71 in spaced apart relationship.
The interior facing can be in form of a stained wood panel 72 fixed to the wooden filler strip 68 which is also a bearing block for the internal sheathing panel 55. The formwork joints are - shown as rabbet joints at the edges of the panels 51 ~ and 55 and are provided with bearing block 73 made : out of plastic which also serve as the male joint elements. The bearing block 74 also serves as the female joint element and this is made out of wood and mounted to the panel 55. The elements 62, 64, 68 ` and 74 also retain the vapor barrier 81.
The spacing of the panels 51 and 55 is provided by a link-spacer 75 having hinges and blocking mechanisms. The link-spacer 75 can also serve as a connecting element and is connected to `~
filler members acting as bearing blocks shown in the drawings. This link-spacer 75 is mounted at the factory si e and deployed at the building site. The concrete reinforcing grid is installed at the factory - site and includes a grid pattern of rods welded at 78 or by mechanical fasteners 79. The joints of the reinforcing grid is formed at the factory site by providing hooks 80. All of the components are preassembled at the factory site with the exception .
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of the metallic exterior facing 67, the stained wood ~', finishing facing 72 and the concrete 82 which is s~J poured in situ.
eferring now to Fig. 4 the exterior sheathing panel 83 is composed of an insulating material such as expanded polystyrene (EPS) 84 and a reinforcement grid 85. The reinforcement grid 85 is attached to the insulating panel 84 by mechanical fasteners or by chemical adhesives and the assembly thereof is done at the factory site. The internal sheathing panel 87 is composed of a rigid insulating panel 87 attached to a plywood panel 89 by means of mechanical fasteners 88. The vapor barrier 90 is installed at the factory between the layers 87 and 89.
The two sheathing panels 83 and 86 are connected together by means of collapsible connecting members such as chain 91. Connecting element 92 is in the form of rigid links articulated at hinges. The length of the flexible elements 91 or 92 can be adjusted. For instance the chain 91 or member 92 is coupled through a discontinuous retaining member having a deformable opening in one direction. The numeral 93 represents this device and allows the possibility of adjusting the distance between the two sheathing panels of this formwork. The connecting element 92 includes rigid links with hinges and has graduations 94 with weak points 96 in order to break off the length at predetermined lengths. The graduations 94 on the connecting element 92 can be coupled to a retaining device 95 having a deformable opening in one direction allowing the possibility of adjusting the length of the connecting element 92.
The interior ceramic tiles facing 97 can be applied directly to the plywood panel 89 with suitable glue . "~
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or a mortar coating 98. The exterior facing 99 is made out of stucco reinforced with metallic slats 100.
Spacing between the sheathing panels 83 and 86 is provided by means of the hinged spacer member 101 which is mounted at the building site. The concrete reinforcement is in the form of a metallic grid 102 maintained in place by means of the notches 103 on spacer 101. The joint of the grid is provided at the building site by allowing the overlapping of the grids at 104. The concrete is poured between the sheathing panels 83 and a 6. As in other embodiments, all of the elements are preassembled at the factory site with the exception of the exterior and interior facings.
Fig. 5 illustrates another embodiment of the formwork wherein exterior sheathing panels 106 comprises a rigid insulating panel of expanded polystyrene (EPS) 107 and a layer of polymeric reinforcement 108 on the exterior surface thereof as well as on the interior surface 109. The exterior facing 110 is of brick and is connected to the bearing blocks 111 by conventional masonry connecters 121.
; The interior facing in this embodiment is the concrete wall. In order to obtain this interior ~` facing, the interior sheathing panel 112 can be a new panel with a smooth interior surface in contact with i~i ' the concrete. In order to reduce the purchase costs of a new panel 112 the bearing blocks 113 can be increased in size in order to allow for the reduction of the thickness of the sheathing panel 112 which is disposable. The sheathing panel 112 in this embodiment can be made of composite sheets such as MASONITE (trademark) or other similar material. The vapor barrier 114 is fixed to the sheathing panel 106 '`i - 18 - 2~
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at the factory site. The concrete reinforcement structure 115 is assembled at the factory site in the form of a grid.
~; The spacing between the sheathing ~; panels 106 and 112 is provided by means of a ~; link-spacer 116 which is collapsible and includes three hinges. The bearing blocks 111 and 113 are ,~t connected by means of connecting element 117 which is ,. ~ a collapsible link structure having hinges. After the ;,~ 10 concrete has been poured and the minimum curing time has passed, the temporary sheathing panel 112 as well as the bearing blocks 113 are removed. The connecting elements 117 and spacer 116 are provided with cones 119 and a weak point 120 allowing the devices to be broken off at a predetermined distance from the surface of the concrete.
Reference will now be made to Fig. 6 which shows an exterior sheathing panel 131 connected to the interior sheathing panel 122 by collapsible connecting elements 123 which are of the flexible type. The sheathing panel 122 comprises an expanded , polystyrene material (EPS) providing an insulated panel 124 covered with reinforcement coatings 125 and 126. The sheathing panel 131 is supported by two dimensional continuous support panel 127. This panel 127 can be made of a thin wood chip material or other similar material. The connecting element 123 is anchored to continuous bearing device 127 by mechanical anchors 128.
The interior sheathing panel 122 is supported by a two dimensional continuous bearing panel 129. The vapor barrier 130 is retained by the panel 129. The interior facing is a gypsum panel and is fixed by means of a metal filler strip attached to the panel 129 at the factory site. The sheathing panel 131 and 122 are spaced apart by means of link spacers 136. The exterior facing 134 is of brick and : ~:
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is connected to the continuous support device 127 by means of masonry connectors. The concrete is poured in situ and is reinforced by means of the metal ;~ grid 135 which is preassembled at the factory site.
Fig. 7 shows a sheathing panel 137 composed of a plastic grid 138, a wood chip panel 139 and a fiber board 140. The panel 137 iS connected to the sheathing panel 141 by means of collapsible connecting elements 142. The sheathing panel 141 is composed of a wood grid 143, a gypsum panel 144, and a rigid insulating panel 145. The grids 138 and 143 are assembled at the factory site with the connecting elements 142 and the link spacers 146. The other components are assembled at the building site according to specific requirements of each project and depending on the availability of the materials.
The grids 138 and 143 are the primary bearing elements. These primary elements 138 and 143 can be of plastic or wood, such as indicated, or can be made of metal or other suitable material. The stucco 147 is reinforced by metal slats mounted to the sheathing panel 137. The ceramic tiles 149 are applied to the panel 141. The concrete is poured in situ and is identified by the numeral 150. The concrete is ` reinforced by means of reinforcement rods 151.
Figs. 8, 8A, 8B, 9, 9A, 9B, 10, lOA, lOB, 11, llA, llB illustrate the joints between the various formwork modules at the building site.
Longitudinal movement at the joint of the respective ` i 30 modules is prevented by means of male joint members 152A, 152B, 152C and 152D which are coupled with the female joint members 153A, 153B, 153C and ` 153D. These devices are also bearing blocks for the `~; sheathing panels. The bearing devices are connected to the other sheathing panel by connecting elements 154A, 154B, 154C and 154D. The movement of the joint in the two transversal directions is ' ~, ' '~
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prevented by female joint members 155A, 155B, 155C
.?ij and 155D which are coupled with the male joint devices 156A, 156B, 156C and 156D. These male joint devices with respect to the transversal joint have an opening and closing feature which is based on `I deformation of the materials 157A, 157B, 157C
and 157D. These components can all be composed of wood, plastic, metal, or other materials. In the drawings, for example, the components 152A, 153A, 152B and 152D are made of wood. Components 156B, I57B, 152C, 153C, 155C, 156C, 157C and 153D are plastic and components 155A, 156A, 157A, 154A, 153B, 155B, 154B, 157D are metal.
Figs. 12, 12A and 12B show a male .-,,.
longitudinal joint device 158 coupled with ~emale joint device 159. The female transverse joint device 160 is fixed to the male device 158. Under a small amount of pressure, the device 160 opens and closes the male transverse joint device 161.
Reference to Figs. 13, 14, 15 and 15A. The vapor barriers 162A, 162B and 162C are glued to the panels 163A, 163B and 163C through the thickness of the joint. An adhesive 164A and 164B is applied at the factory site. This adhesive is protected by a protecting paper 165A and 165B which is removed at the building site. An insulating device 166A and 166B
breaks the thermal bridge with the connecting elements 167A and 167B which is made out of metal.
Referring to Figs. 16 and 16A. The corner hinges 168 are mounted at the factory site with panels 169 to form the exterior wall of the corner and the interior wall of the corner. These are con-nected by link-spacer elements 170 of the collapsible type which are connected to the hinged shaft 171.
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This assembly provides a variable angled module 172 which can be connected to contiguous modules, including sheathing panels 173 by joints 174.
Referring now to the embodiments shown in Figs. 17 through 18C the formwork is represented by the sheathing panels 185 which are shown spaced apart. The connecting element is identified by the numeral 175 having an elongated stem 176 and a pivoting head 177. A deformable retaining element 178 is provided at the other end of the stem 176.
-`~ The pivoting head 177 includes a tail 184 extending at an angle. The head 177 is pivoted at 180 to the end of the stem 176. The pivoting head 177 may be retained in its axially oriented position by means of ties 179 which can be broken when the tail 184 is spread along the exterior surface of the sheathing panel 185.
A bent portion of the stem 176 forming a notch 181 is also provided, and the other end of the stem 176 has a handle 182. As shown in Fig. 18A the stem 176 may be provided with a weakened portion 183 to allow the stem to be broken off.
When the connecting element 175 is in the position shown in Fig. 17, that is with the head 177 aligned with the axis of the stem 176, it can be penetrated through the sheathing 185. When the pivoting head, including the tail 184, have passed the outer surface of sheathing panel 185, the , ! pivoting head may be~ deployed by pivoting it about 90. This can be done by pulling back on the stem 176 by means of the handle 182 for instance, causing the bent tail 184 to slide along the outer surface of the sheathing panel 185, thereby deploying the head. In its retaining position, as shown in Figs. 18 and 18A, the head 177 is at right angles to the stem 176.
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When the stem 176 is pulled back, as de-scribed above, the notch 181 is drawn back through the sheathing 185 to be coincident with the exterior surface thereof. A deformable retaining element 178 can be passed over the end of the connecting element and fitted into the notch formed by the bent portion 181 as shown in Fig. 18A.
Once the connecting element has been deployed as shown in Figs. 18 and 18A the handle may be broken off at 183. The deformable retaining member 178 may be slipped on the narrow portion of the connection element as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 18C and then rotated 90 to engage the notch and it may be forced to be expanded somewhat.
Another embodiment of the deformable retaining member 178 is shown in Figs. 19 and l9A
wherein a plate 186 has radial slots 187. Thus, the plate 186 can be snapped on to the end of the connecting element 175 and the material between the slots 187 will be deformed and engaged in the notch 181.
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The present invention relates to a prefabricated formwork for concrete and more partlcularly to a collapsible prefabricated formwork for concrete walls.
The time-tested method of constructing concrete walls for buildings include the pouring of concrete into a formwork set up, in situ. This ; operation includes the erection of the formwork which ¦~ includes a pair of vertical sheathing panels in a spaced relationship by means of connecting elements. ;
Such formwork is either of the removable and thus reusable type or is of a lost form type wherein the formwork becomes part of the structure after the concrete is cured. A lost form of formwork utilizing sheathing panels of insulating material is called generally an insulating formwork. `~
.~ All known insulating formworkcomprise a connecting element which connects the two sheathing panels. This type of formwork can be ` 20 devided into two main categories depending on the arrangement between the connecting elements and the sheathing panels. ;~
The first category may be referred to as a hollow parallelepiped blocks. In this category, one can find a connecting element which is molded with the sheathing at the factory site and is sometimes referred to by the trademarks ARGISOL and MARENGO.
The advantages of this first category is that it is not necessary to install the connecting elements at the building site since they are already molded at the plant or factory with the two sheathing panels.
On the other hand, this type of formwork has serious disadvantages in terms of storage or transportation given the rather high volume/surface-of-formwork ratio.
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5The second category is referred to as the ~planar solid slab formwork. In this category the ., connecting elements are normally rigid and are supplied separately from the sheathing panels which are in the form of the planar solid slabs. Examples of this category is shown in U.S. Patents 4,604,843 and 4,888,931 and Canadian Patent 1,233,042. The disadvantages of this category of formwork is that the connecting elements must be assembled at the ,, building site which increases the installation cost of the formwork.
The formwork of both of these categories is subject to other disadvantages at the on-site installation, and that is the relative small ,f,dimensions of the modules. For example in order to ~:erect a 10 m formwork one must assemble 10 to 40 modules on site, depending on the type of formwork used, which increases the number of joints and the cost of installation. As far as the fabrication of these modules is concerned, various elaborate machining or molding procedures are required in order that the edges of the modules form proper joints on assembly.
Attempts to overcome these disadvantages have been made wherein the smaller modules are assembled at the factory site to form larger formwork sections and transporting these to the building site.
In such a case one encounters transportation problems in view of the high volume to formwork surface ratio.
I That is a large volume of forms must be carried for a relatively small formwork surface. Each of the forms are of course spaced apart and held there by the rigid ties such that one lands up transporting a great deal of air.
On the other hand, once insulating formwork is being utilized, other tasks must be added such as the installation of reinforcement rods, vapor , ' ' ' ' ' ''''"'`'' : ' '''''"
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barrier or filler strips. These additional tasks increase the installation costs and construction delays.
It is an aim of the present invention to provide formwork which can be rapidly installed and which takes the advantages of the above mentioned two categories of insulating formworks without the disadvantages.
It is a further aim of the present invention to provide a prefabricated collapsible formwork which will reduce the amount of space required for storage or transportation as compared with the above prefabricated formwork.
It is further aim of the present invention to provide a prefabricated formwork which includes vapor barriers, insulationj reinforcement and filler strips already included at the factory site, thereby ~; reducing the installation costs and construction delays at the building site.
It is a further aim of the present invention to provide prefabricated formwork modules which are of a greater size than those considered in the above two categories.
It is a further aim of the present invention to provide a prefabricated or preassembled collapsible formwork which one assembles at the `~ building site and readies to receive concrete as well as the outside finish covering and the interior finish covering.
The construction in accordance with the present invention comprises a formwork for a vertical wall including a prefabricated formwork module for a vertical wall including a first sheathing panel, a second sheathing panel and a plurality of collapsible connecting elements retained to each of the first and second sheathing panels and extending there-between in a spaced apart relationship, the first and ~, :~' second sheathing panels including edges. The ~3~ sheathing panels having joint means for permitting the formwork modules to be erected one to the other in edge to edge relationship, the formwork module and connecting elements being constructed such that ,, during storage or transportation of the formwork ~ ~ modules, each formwork module is collapsed such that '!
the first and second sheathing panel are adjacent one another with the connecting elements collapsed, and at the building site during assembly the first and second sheathing panels are spaced apart to the full extent of the connecting elements.
A method in accordance with the present invention comprises the steps of selecting a first sheathing panel having edges, the sheathing panels -~
forming joint means at the edge areas of the first sheathing panel, selecting a second sheathing panel with edges to form a formwork module attaching the ~`
first ends of a plurality of collapsible connecting elements to the first sheathing panel in a spaced ;`
apart relationship such that the connecting elements have opposite ends extending interior of the first panel, connecting the opposite ends of the collapsible connecting elements to the second sheathing panel such that the interior face of the second panel faces the interior face of the first panel and collapsing the first and second sheathing panels against each other for storage and transportion while separating the first and second panels to the full extent of the connecting elements during assembly thereof at a buil`ding site.
- More particularly the method includes assembling a plurality of formwork modules including providing joint means at the edge areas of contiguous sheathing panels of adjacent formwork modules.
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2 o ~ 2 ~ q o In a more specific embodiment of the present invention there are provided bearing devices on the exterior of the first and second sheathing panels respectively and the connecting elements pass through the panels and abut the bearing devlces. In a still more specific construction, the bearing devices are in the form of a filler strip and the sheathing panels are insulating panels. In a further specific embodiment, a concrete reinforcement in the form of a grid is assembled between the first and second sheathing panels at the factory site. Further, the vapor barrier can be installed on the insulating sheathing panels at the factory site such that all of the component parts of the formwork can be preassembled at the factory site and the form can be collapsed for storage and transportation.
The erection of the formwork at the building site consists of separating the first and second sheathing panels and by maintaining the separation by inserting spacers therebetween and connecting the joints at the edge areas of the panels with adjacent panels. In a more specific embodiment the spacers could be collapsible spacers which are preassembled at the factory site and which can be deployed at the building site when separating the first and second sheathing panels.
The invention is especially concerned with the preassembling of as many building components as possible on the formwork, at the factory site, and to use as much as possible, conventional building materials in order to avoid the necessity of molding processes such as for molding expandable polystyrene.
It is an aim therefore to render the form construction as universal as possible.
Certain advantages which can be noted from the present invention include:
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~ - 6 - 2, ~ ~ 2 ~ ~ i 3 - Reduced storage and transportation costs since the formwork utilizes collapsible connecting elements allowing the formwork to be collapsed, thereby reducing their respective volume to formwork surface ratio;
- A rapid and simple assembly of the prefabricated panels, and in particular a larger size module ~11 when using insulating sheathing panels, thereby reducing the number of assembling steps on the building site and the number of joints for a given formwork surface. For example to erect 10 m2 of formwork only three modules are required under the present invention instead of the current 10 to 40 modules.
The prefabrication of the sheathing panels is simple since no molding or machining of the panels is required. All that is required is to form holes through the sheathing panels.
A new form mating joint is described which offers resistance to traction and compression and this in two or three perpendicular directions. The system allows for rapid assembling and in case of errors an equally rapid disassembling of the modules.
Preassembling the vapor barriers and the filler strips, both interior and exterior, as well as the concrete reinforcement, at the factory site, eliminates having to provide for these steps at the building site, thereby reducing costs.
Having thus generally described the nature ` of the invention, reference will now be made to the accompanying drawings, showing by way of illustrationj preferred embodiments thereof, and in ~; which:
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Fig. 1 is a fragmentary vertical cross-section of a formwork for a concrete frame building having a wooden exterior facing and a gypsum panel interior facing in accordance with the present invention; --~
Fig. 2 is a fragmentary vertical cross-section of another embodiment of the present ,-;~
invention and showing a metallic exterior facing and a gypsum panel interior facing;
10 ` Fig. 3 is a fragmentary vertical cross -section of still another embodiment of the present invention~and showing a metallic exterior facing and a wood panel interior facing; `~
' Fig. 4 is a fragmentary vertical cross- `~
section of still another embodiment of the present invention and showing an exterior stucco facing and -an intexior ceramic tile facing; ;~
Fig. 5 is a fragmentary vertical cross- ;-section of the present invention and showing yet ~
another embodiment thereof and illustrating a brick `
exterior facing and an interior concrete facingi Fig. 6 is a fragmentary vertical cross-section of still another embodiment of the present invention and showing an exterior brick facing and an interior gyspsum panel facing;
Fig. 7 is a vertical cross-section of still another embodiment of the present invention and having a stucco facing on one side thereof and a ' ceramic tile facing on the other side thereof;
Fig. 8 is a fragmentary elevational showing a joint between two adjacent formwork modules of the present invention;
Fig. 8A is a fragmentary enlarged vertical cross-section taken along lines A-A of Fig. 8;
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;1 - 8 -Fig. 8B ls a view partly broken away of a detail shown in Fig.8;
Fig. 9 is a fragmentary elevational view of another embodiment of a joint between two ~, adjacent formwork modules;
~, ~ Fig. 9A is an enlarged vertical cross-'G section taken along lines B-B of Fig.9;
Fig. 9B is a view partly broken away of a detail shown in Fig.9;
Fig. 10 is a fragmentary elevational view of another embodiment of a joint between two adjacent formwork modules;
Fig. lOA is an enlarged fragmentary vertical cross-section taken along lines C-C of Fig. 10;
Fig. lOB is a view partly broken away of a detail shown in Fig. 10;
Fig. 11 is a fragmentary elevational Y~ view of still another embodiment of a joint between ~ 20 two adjacent formwork modules;
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Fig. llA is an enlarged fragmentary vertical cross-section taken along lines D-D of Fig. 11;
Fig. llB is a view partly broken away of the detail of Fig. 11;
Fig. 12 is a fragmentary elevational view of a joint between two formwork modules; -Fig. 12A is a view partly broken away of ~-~
a detail of Fig. 12;
Fig. 12B is an exploded view in cross-section of the joint shown in Fig. 12; -~
Fig. 13 is a vertical exploded cross- -sectional view, partly broken away, and showing a joint in accordance with an embodiment of the present `
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g ~ . -Fig. 14 is an enlarged exploded cross-sectional view similar to Fig. 13 but showing another ; embodiment thereof;
Flg. 15 is a fragmentary elevational view showing a ]oint of another embodiment of the sheathing panels of adjacent formwork modules;
Fig. 15A is a fragmentary enlaryed vertical cross-section taken along lines E-E of Fig. 15;
Fig. 16 is an elevational fragmentary view of a corner module for the formwork of the present invention;
Fig. 16A is a horizontal cross-section taken along lines F-F of Fig. 16; ;~
Fig. 17 is an enlarged fragmentary -~
cross-sectional view taken laterally through a typical formwork module and showing a still further embodiment of a connecting elementi i Fig. 17A is an enlarged fragmentary cross-sectional view taken along lines A-A of Fig. 17; ~j Fig. 18 is an enlarged fragmentary cross-sectional view in the same plane as Fig. 17 and showing the connecting element of fig. 17 in a different operating position; ;-~
Fig. 18A is an enlarged fragmentary cross-sectional view taken along lines B-B of Fig. 18;
' Fig. 18B is an enlarged fragmentary cross-section of a detail shown in Fig. 18A but in a different operating position;
Fig. 18C is an enlarged fragmentary front elevation showing the detail in Fig. 18B;
Fig. 19 is an enlarged fragmentary ~ ~
cross-section of a detail showing a further embodi- ~-ment of the end of the connecting member; and ~
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Fig. l9A is a fragmentary front elevation showing the detail in Fig. 19 from the end thereof.
Referring now to the drawings and in particular to Fig. 1, fragments of two formworks . joined together at a building site are illustrated wherein each formwork has an exterior sheathing panel 1 made of expanded polystyrene (EPS). An opposite interior sheathing panel 2 of similar insulating material is also shown. The exterior ~ ~ 10 panel 1 and interior panel 2 are held together by t~ ; flexible connecting elements 3.
These flexible connecting elements 3 illustrated in the embodiment of Fig. 1 are made from multi strand metal cable. It is understood that the ~, ~ connecting elements can be made of other types of materials such as plastic. The connecting element 3 is meant to abut the exterior of sheathing panel 1 against a bearing block 4 and at sheathing panel 2, against a bearing block 5. These bearing blocks 4 and 5 can be fabricated out of wood having square outline and dimensions of 89mm x 89mm x l9mm.
It is understood that these bearing blocks can also be made of metal, plastic, or other material having ; the necessary structural resistance and the shapes and dimensions could be different. The connecting elements 3 are passed through the panels 1 and 2 to abut the bearing blocks 4 and 5 as shown in the drawings. These are assembled at the factory site so that the formwork is prefabricated before shipping.
It is important that the connecting elements 3 be at least foldable so that the panel 2 can be collapsed onto the panel 1 for instance in the storage or transportation condition and then be expanded to the full extent of the connecting member 3 at the building site when it is being assembled.
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?~ Another embodiment of the connecting ??~ elements is illustrated in Fig. 1 and this includes ~s connecting elements 6 which are made up of a plurality of metallic monofilaments grouped together but spaced apart one from the other. These connecting elements retain the respective sheathing panels 1 and 2 by means of bearing blocks 7 and 8 respec-tively, also illustrated in Fig. 1. The bearing ,~ blocks 7 and 8 as illustrated are made of wood as are 10 the bearing blocks 4 and 5. However the bearing blocks 7 and 8 are much thinner than the blocks 4 and 5 in view of the fact that the connecting elements 6 include several spaced monofilaments located at different locations on the bearing blocks 7 and 8. In the case of connecting ele-ments 3, they are located at one location and either of blocks 4 and 5. These bearing blocks 4 and 5, and 7 and 8 are considered discontinuous blocks.
On the other hand, the exterior surfaces of the sheathing panels 1 are provided with continuous all-purpose filler strips 9. These blocks ~:
are strips 9 having in the present embodiment a -thickness of l9mm and a width of 89mm. The filler strip 9 is used for nailing the exterior wooden .
facing 10 and has a support for the sheathing panel and referred to as a continuous bearing strip. A
similar multi- purpose filler strip 11 is provided on the interior sheathing panel 2 and a connecting element 3 is connected to both filler strips 9 and 11. The filler strip 11 is used as a base for receiving screw-type fasteners for the interior gypsum panels 12 and for retaining the vapor barrier 13 which is mounted to the panel 2 at the factory site.
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Respective formwork modules are connected together at joint 24, that is at the edges of the respective sheathing panels 1 and 2. In the embodiment of Fig. 1 a male joint member 14 and female joint member 15 help to locate the panels at the joint 24. These elements 14 and 15 clearly can be made of wood as shown in the drawings or of metal or , ~, plastic or other combination of materials.
The two sheathing panels 1 and 2 making up the formwork are held at a spaced-apart position against the connecting elements 3 by means of spacers. In Fig. 1, spacer 16 is placed therein at the building site during assembly. A string 17 is provided to remove the spacer 16 when it is no longer required.
Spacer 18 is a permanent spacer installed in the form at the building site. The spacer 18 is shown with two notches for receiving reinforcement rods 19, and this combination is allowed to be lost in the concrete when it is poured.
Another embodiment of the spacer is illustrated by the numeral 20. The spacer 20 includes a hinge 21 and a locking device 22 which locks the spacer 20 in its extended position when the formwork is installed at the building site. Spacers 18 and 20 are provided with plates 23 which are in contact with the interior faces of the sheathing panels 1 and 2.
` The concrete 25 is poured into place between sheathing panels 1 and 2. All of the components are preassembled at the factory site with the exception of spacers 16, 18 and 20 which are installed at the building site. The reinforcement rods 19, the concrete 25 and the gypsum panels 12, as well as th~
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exterior wood facing 10 are installed at the building `
site.
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Referring now to Fig. 2 the external metallic facing 37 is fixed to metal filler strip 26.
The filler strip 26 is a multi-purpose bearing strip that helps to support the exterior sheathing panel 27. The interior gypsum panels 28 are fixed to metallic filler strip 29 which is also a multi-purpose bearing strip which helps to support the interior sheathing panel 30 and which holds the vapor barrier 31 to the panel 30.
The sheathing panels 27 and 30 are also held by the discontinuous bearing members 32 and 33.
The bearing members 26, 29, 32 and 33 are connected by means of connecting elements 38 which are cables.
The bearing blocks 39 and 40 are connected by connecting element 41 which is made up of a number of spaced-apart mono-filaments wires. The bearing ele-ments can be made out of metal as shown in Fig. 2 or can be made out of other materials.
The joints 34 are in the form of rabbet joints and the male joint elements also are bearing blocks as are the joint elements 36 to which a connecting element 38 is associated. Prefabricated temporary spacers 42 which are installed at the building site are provided to maintain the two sheathing panels 27 and 30 in their spaced extended position at the building site. Spacer 42 is provided with a wire 43 for the purpose of removing the spacer when it is no longer required. The spacer is provided with a notch 44 to facilitate the installation thereof at the building site.
The spacers 45 which also serves to separate the sheathing panels 27 and 30 are installed at the factory site and are deployed at the building site. The spacer 45 includes a mechanism provided with three hinges 46 and is provided with a blocking device 47.
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Fig. 3 shows a similar formwork with an exterior sheathing panel 51 made up of a rigid insu-lating material, a core 52 sandwiched between re-inforcement coatings 53 on the exterior face and a polymeric reinforcement coating 54 on the interior surface of the panel 51. These coatings are of course provided at the factory site.
The interior sheathing panel 55 is made up of a composite material including a core 56 and coatings 57 and 58 which are held together by a chemical adhesive. For example the core 56 can be an extruded polystyrene (expanded polystyrene EPS) material while the coating 57 is a pressed wood fiber glued to the core 56 and the coating 58 is a two-ply plywood glued to the core 56. The external sheathing panel 51 and the internal sheathing panel 55 are connected by means of collapsible connecting elements 59 which are rigid links connected by means of three hinges 60. The connecting element 59 is mounted to the sheathing panels 51 and 55 at the factory site along with the discontinuous bearing blocks 61 made out of plastic and the bearing blocks 62 made out of wood. The plastic bearing block 63 is connected to the wooden bearing block 64 ,...
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by means of a flexible connecting element 65. The flexible connecting element 65 in this embodiment is made of a chain with metal chain links. The multi-purpose filler strips 66 serve as bearing blocks for the connecting elements 69 and also serve to receive screws for mounting the outer metallic facing 67. The filler strip 66 is attached to the filler/bearing block 68 by a collapsible connecting element 69 which is made up of a metallic chain 70 and several metal cables 71 in spaced apart relationship.
The interior facing can be in form of a stained wood panel 72 fixed to the wooden filler strip 68 which is also a bearing block for the internal sheathing panel 55. The formwork joints are - shown as rabbet joints at the edges of the panels 51 ~ and 55 and are provided with bearing block 73 made : out of plastic which also serve as the male joint elements. The bearing block 74 also serves as the female joint element and this is made out of wood and mounted to the panel 55. The elements 62, 64, 68 ` and 74 also retain the vapor barrier 81.
The spacing of the panels 51 and 55 is provided by a link-spacer 75 having hinges and blocking mechanisms. The link-spacer 75 can also serve as a connecting element and is connected to `~
filler members acting as bearing blocks shown in the drawings. This link-spacer 75 is mounted at the factory si e and deployed at the building site. The concrete reinforcing grid is installed at the factory - site and includes a grid pattern of rods welded at 78 or by mechanical fasteners 79. The joints of the reinforcing grid is formed at the factory site by providing hooks 80. All of the components are preassembled at the factory site with the exception .
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of the metallic exterior facing 67, the stained wood ~', finishing facing 72 and the concrete 82 which is s~J poured in situ.
eferring now to Fig. 4 the exterior sheathing panel 83 is composed of an insulating material such as expanded polystyrene (EPS) 84 and a reinforcement grid 85. The reinforcement grid 85 is attached to the insulating panel 84 by mechanical fasteners or by chemical adhesives and the assembly thereof is done at the factory site. The internal sheathing panel 87 is composed of a rigid insulating panel 87 attached to a plywood panel 89 by means of mechanical fasteners 88. The vapor barrier 90 is installed at the factory between the layers 87 and 89.
The two sheathing panels 83 and 86 are connected together by means of collapsible connecting members such as chain 91. Connecting element 92 is in the form of rigid links articulated at hinges. The length of the flexible elements 91 or 92 can be adjusted. For instance the chain 91 or member 92 is coupled through a discontinuous retaining member having a deformable opening in one direction. The numeral 93 represents this device and allows the possibility of adjusting the distance between the two sheathing panels of this formwork. The connecting element 92 includes rigid links with hinges and has graduations 94 with weak points 96 in order to break off the length at predetermined lengths. The graduations 94 on the connecting element 92 can be coupled to a retaining device 95 having a deformable opening in one direction allowing the possibility of adjusting the length of the connecting element 92.
The interior ceramic tiles facing 97 can be applied directly to the plywood panel 89 with suitable glue . "~
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or a mortar coating 98. The exterior facing 99 is made out of stucco reinforced with metallic slats 100.
Spacing between the sheathing panels 83 and 86 is provided by means of the hinged spacer member 101 which is mounted at the building site. The concrete reinforcement is in the form of a metallic grid 102 maintained in place by means of the notches 103 on spacer 101. The joint of the grid is provided at the building site by allowing the overlapping of the grids at 104. The concrete is poured between the sheathing panels 83 and a 6. As in other embodiments, all of the elements are preassembled at the factory site with the exception of the exterior and interior facings.
Fig. 5 illustrates another embodiment of the formwork wherein exterior sheathing panels 106 comprises a rigid insulating panel of expanded polystyrene (EPS) 107 and a layer of polymeric reinforcement 108 on the exterior surface thereof as well as on the interior surface 109. The exterior facing 110 is of brick and is connected to the bearing blocks 111 by conventional masonry connecters 121.
; The interior facing in this embodiment is the concrete wall. In order to obtain this interior ~` facing, the interior sheathing panel 112 can be a new panel with a smooth interior surface in contact with i~i ' the concrete. In order to reduce the purchase costs of a new panel 112 the bearing blocks 113 can be increased in size in order to allow for the reduction of the thickness of the sheathing panel 112 which is disposable. The sheathing panel 112 in this embodiment can be made of composite sheets such as MASONITE (trademark) or other similar material. The vapor barrier 114 is fixed to the sheathing panel 106 '`i - 18 - 2~
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at the factory site. The concrete reinforcement structure 115 is assembled at the factory site in the form of a grid.
~; The spacing between the sheathing ~; panels 106 and 112 is provided by means of a ~; link-spacer 116 which is collapsible and includes three hinges. The bearing blocks 111 and 113 are ,~t connected by means of connecting element 117 which is ,. ~ a collapsible link structure having hinges. After the ;,~ 10 concrete has been poured and the minimum curing time has passed, the temporary sheathing panel 112 as well as the bearing blocks 113 are removed. The connecting elements 117 and spacer 116 are provided with cones 119 and a weak point 120 allowing the devices to be broken off at a predetermined distance from the surface of the concrete.
Reference will now be made to Fig. 6 which shows an exterior sheathing panel 131 connected to the interior sheathing panel 122 by collapsible connecting elements 123 which are of the flexible type. The sheathing panel 122 comprises an expanded , polystyrene material (EPS) providing an insulated panel 124 covered with reinforcement coatings 125 and 126. The sheathing panel 131 is supported by two dimensional continuous support panel 127. This panel 127 can be made of a thin wood chip material or other similar material. The connecting element 123 is anchored to continuous bearing device 127 by mechanical anchors 128.
The interior sheathing panel 122 is supported by a two dimensional continuous bearing panel 129. The vapor barrier 130 is retained by the panel 129. The interior facing is a gypsum panel and is fixed by means of a metal filler strip attached to the panel 129 at the factory site. The sheathing panel 131 and 122 are spaced apart by means of link spacers 136. The exterior facing 134 is of brick and : ~:
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is connected to the continuous support device 127 by means of masonry connectors. The concrete is poured in situ and is reinforced by means of the metal ;~ grid 135 which is preassembled at the factory site.
Fig. 7 shows a sheathing panel 137 composed of a plastic grid 138, a wood chip panel 139 and a fiber board 140. The panel 137 iS connected to the sheathing panel 141 by means of collapsible connecting elements 142. The sheathing panel 141 is composed of a wood grid 143, a gypsum panel 144, and a rigid insulating panel 145. The grids 138 and 143 are assembled at the factory site with the connecting elements 142 and the link spacers 146. The other components are assembled at the building site according to specific requirements of each project and depending on the availability of the materials.
The grids 138 and 143 are the primary bearing elements. These primary elements 138 and 143 can be of plastic or wood, such as indicated, or can be made of metal or other suitable material. The stucco 147 is reinforced by metal slats mounted to the sheathing panel 137. The ceramic tiles 149 are applied to the panel 141. The concrete is poured in situ and is identified by the numeral 150. The concrete is ` reinforced by means of reinforcement rods 151.
Figs. 8, 8A, 8B, 9, 9A, 9B, 10, lOA, lOB, 11, llA, llB illustrate the joints between the various formwork modules at the building site.
Longitudinal movement at the joint of the respective ` i 30 modules is prevented by means of male joint members 152A, 152B, 152C and 152D which are coupled with the female joint members 153A, 153B, 153C and ` 153D. These devices are also bearing blocks for the `~; sheathing panels. The bearing devices are connected to the other sheathing panel by connecting elements 154A, 154B, 154C and 154D. The movement of the joint in the two transversal directions is ' ~, ' '~
:
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prevented by female joint members 155A, 155B, 155C
.?ij and 155D which are coupled with the male joint devices 156A, 156B, 156C and 156D. These male joint devices with respect to the transversal joint have an opening and closing feature which is based on `I deformation of the materials 157A, 157B, 157C
and 157D. These components can all be composed of wood, plastic, metal, or other materials. In the drawings, for example, the components 152A, 153A, 152B and 152D are made of wood. Components 156B, I57B, 152C, 153C, 155C, 156C, 157C and 153D are plastic and components 155A, 156A, 157A, 154A, 153B, 155B, 154B, 157D are metal.
Figs. 12, 12A and 12B show a male .-,,.
longitudinal joint device 158 coupled with ~emale joint device 159. The female transverse joint device 160 is fixed to the male device 158. Under a small amount of pressure, the device 160 opens and closes the male transverse joint device 161.
Reference to Figs. 13, 14, 15 and 15A. The vapor barriers 162A, 162B and 162C are glued to the panels 163A, 163B and 163C through the thickness of the joint. An adhesive 164A and 164B is applied at the factory site. This adhesive is protected by a protecting paper 165A and 165B which is removed at the building site. An insulating device 166A and 166B
breaks the thermal bridge with the connecting elements 167A and 167B which is made out of metal.
Referring to Figs. 16 and 16A. The corner hinges 168 are mounted at the factory site with panels 169 to form the exterior wall of the corner and the interior wall of the corner. These are con-nected by link-spacer elements 170 of the collapsible type which are connected to the hinged shaft 171.
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This assembly provides a variable angled module 172 which can be connected to contiguous modules, including sheathing panels 173 by joints 174.
Referring now to the embodiments shown in Figs. 17 through 18C the formwork is represented by the sheathing panels 185 which are shown spaced apart. The connecting element is identified by the numeral 175 having an elongated stem 176 and a pivoting head 177. A deformable retaining element 178 is provided at the other end of the stem 176.
-`~ The pivoting head 177 includes a tail 184 extending at an angle. The head 177 is pivoted at 180 to the end of the stem 176. The pivoting head 177 may be retained in its axially oriented position by means of ties 179 which can be broken when the tail 184 is spread along the exterior surface of the sheathing panel 185.
A bent portion of the stem 176 forming a notch 181 is also provided, and the other end of the stem 176 has a handle 182. As shown in Fig. 18A the stem 176 may be provided with a weakened portion 183 to allow the stem to be broken off.
When the connecting element 175 is in the position shown in Fig. 17, that is with the head 177 aligned with the axis of the stem 176, it can be penetrated through the sheathing 185. When the pivoting head, including the tail 184, have passed the outer surface of sheathing panel 185, the , ! pivoting head may be~ deployed by pivoting it about 90. This can be done by pulling back on the stem 176 by means of the handle 182 for instance, causing the bent tail 184 to slide along the outer surface of the sheathing panel 185, thereby deploying the head. In its retaining position, as shown in Figs. 18 and 18A, the head 177 is at right angles to the stem 176.
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When the stem 176 is pulled back, as de-scribed above, the notch 181 is drawn back through the sheathing 185 to be coincident with the exterior surface thereof. A deformable retaining element 178 can be passed over the end of the connecting element and fitted into the notch formed by the bent portion 181 as shown in Fig. 18A.
Once the connecting element has been deployed as shown in Figs. 18 and 18A the handle may be broken off at 183. The deformable retaining member 178 may be slipped on the narrow portion of the connection element as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 18C and then rotated 90 to engage the notch and it may be forced to be expanded somewhat.
Another embodiment of the deformable retaining member 178 is shown in Figs. 19 and l9A
wherein a plate 186 has radial slots 187. Thus, the plate 186 can be snapped on to the end of the connecting element 175 and the material between the slots 187 will be deformed and engaged in the notch 181.
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~ ~,'`, ..'""' ,,"~' ., ''.'''.
A
Claims (37)
1. In a formwork for molding a substan-tially vertical wall of a hardenable material, a pre-fabricated formwork module comprising a first sheathing panel, a second sheathing panel and a plurality of col-lapsible connecting elements retaining the first and second sheathing panels and extending at least par-tially therebetween in a spaced-apart relationship, wherein the collapsible connecting elements are deform-able such that they allow the first and second sheath-ing panels to collapse against and in alignment with each other, the formwork and connecting elements being constructed and assembled at a factory site remote from the building site such that during storage and trans-portation of the formwork modules each formwork module is collapsed with the first and second sheathing panels adjacent one another and in alignment with each other with the connecting elements collapsed and wherein the first and second sheathing panels are spaced apart to the full extent of the connecting elements during assembly at the building site.
2. A prefabricated formwork module as defined in claim 1, wherein at least one of the sheath-ing panels is made of insulating material.
3. A formwork module as defined in claim 1, wherein a vapor barrier is preinstalled to one of the sheathing panels at the factory site.
4. A formwork module as defined in claim 1, wherein filler strips are mounted to at least one of the sheathing panels on the exterior face thereof at the factory site.
5. A prefabricated formwork module as defined in claim 1, wherein a reinforcement is provided between the sheathing panels at the factory site and is collapsible for storage and transportation with the sheathing panels, the reinforcement being sandwiched therebetween.
6. A prefabricated formwork module as defined in claim 1, wherein at least one of the sheath-ing panels is made of insulating material; a vapor bar-rier and filler strips are mounted on at least one of the sheathing panels at the factory site while a rein-forcement is located between the sheathing panels during the assembly at the factory site and is collapsible therewith as being sandwiched between the sheathing panels.
7. A prefabricated formwork module as defined in claim 1, wherein the connecting elements pass through the sheathing panels and abut each end against bearing blocks located on the exterior face of at least one of the sheathing panels.
8. A prefabricated formwork module as defined in claim 1, wherein the connecting element is a multi-strand flexible metal cable.
9. A prefabricated formwork module as defined in claim 7, wherein the bearing blocks are pro-vided with the sheathing panels at the factory site and the collapsible connecting elements are associated with the bearing blocks at the factory site.
10. A prefabricated formwork module as defined in claim 1, wherein the connecting elements include a bunch of mono-filament flexible strands indi-vidually spaced apart and individually abut the bearing blocks.
11. In a formwork for molding a substan-tially vertical wall of a hardenable material, a pre-fabricated formwork module comprising a first sheathing panel, a second sheathing panel and a plurality of col-lapsible connecting elements retaining the first and second sheathing panels and extending at least par-tially therebetween in a spaced-apart relationship, wherein the connecting elements pass through the sheathing panels and abut at each end against bearing blocks located on the exterior face of at least one of the sheathing panels, wherein the collapsible connect-ing element is in the form of at least three links in series connected end to end by two hinging means such as to allow the connecting element to fold when the formwork module is collapsed, the formwork module and connecting elements being constructed and assembled at a factory site remote from the building site such that during storage and transportation of the formwork mod-ules, each formwork module is collapsed with the first and second sheathing panel adjacent one another with the connecting elements collapsed and wherein the first and second sheathing panels are spaced apart to the full extent of the connecting elements during assembly at the building site.
12. A prefabricated formwork module as defined in claim 11, wherein the connecting element comprises a series of links connected end to end by at least two hinges.
13. A prefabricated formwork module as defined in claim 1, wherein the connecting element is a flexible chain made up of chain links.
14. A prefabricated formwork module as defined in claim 12, wherein the connecting element includes a first link member including a head portion associated with the bearing block on the exterior of the first sheathing panel and the first link member extends through the width of the first sheathing panel, a first hinge means is in the form of an eyelet at the end of the first link member adjacent an inner surface of the first sheathing panel, a second link member extends through the second sheathing panel and includes a head associated with the bearing block on the exte-rior surface of the second sheathing panel and a second hinge means which includes an eyelet at the end of the second link member adjacent the inner surface of the second sheathing panel and a pair of link members is hinged at the first and second eyelets and include an eyelet intermediate the pair of link members extending between the first and second eyelets such that the pair of link members can fold against each other when the first and second sheathing panels are collapsed.
15. A prefabricated formwork module as defined in claim 11, wherein the connecting element includes a first link member including a head asso-ciated with a bearing block on the exterior surface of the first sheathing panel, a second link member extend-ing through the second sheathing panel and including a head associated with a bearing block on the exterior of the second sheathing panel, and a third link member hinged to the end of the first link member at one end thereof and to the end of the second link member at the other end thereof whereby the connecting element will fold when the formwork module is collapsed.
16. In a formwork for molding a substan-tially vertical wall of a hardenable material, a pre-fabricated formwork module comprising a first sheathing panel, a second sheathing panel and a plurality of collapsible connect-ing elements retaining the first and second sheathing panels and extending at least partially therebetween in a spaced-apart relationship, wherein the connecting elements pass through the sheathing panels and abut at each end against bearing blocks located on the exterior face of at least one of the sheathing panels, wherein the connecting element is a collapsible link member of adjustable length and at least one of the bearing blocks is provided with a one way deformable bracket adapted to engage stop means provided on the connecting element and thereby retain the connecting element at a desired length, the formwork module and connecting ele-ments being constructed and assembled at a factory site remote from the building site such that during storage and transportation of the formwork modules, each form-work module is collapsed with the first and second sheathing panels adjacent one another with the connect-ing elements collapsed and wherein the first and second sheathing panels are spaced apart to the full extent of the connecting elements during assembly at the building site.
17. A prefabricated formwork module as defined in claim 1, wherein the deformable collapsible connecting elements are flexible.
18. A prefabricated formwork module as defined in claim 7, wherein at least one of the bearing blocks is in the form of a reusable strip applied at the building site and the end of the connecting element includes a retaining device for receiving the strip in order to connect the connecting element thereto.
19. A prefabricated formwork module as defined in claim 1, wherein a spacer in the form of an elongated member extends between the first sheathing panel and the second sheathing panel at the building site when the formwork module is being erected.
20. A prefabricated formwork module as defined in claim 19, wherein the spacer is prefabri-cated independently of the formwork module and is inserted between the first sheathing panel and the second sheathing panel only when the panels have been separated apart while being erected at the building site.
21. A prefabricated formwork module as defined in claim 20, wherein the spacer is a rigid link member with the bearing means fixed to each end thereof having a length corresponding to the space between the first and second sheathing panels when they are sepa-rated to an erected position at the building site.
22. A prefabricated formwork module as defined in claim 20, wherein the spacer is a rigid mem-ber having at least one hinge allowing the spacer to be folded for insertion or removal from between the first and second panels.
23. A prefabricated formwork structure for molding a substantially vertical wall of a hardenable material, including a prefabricated formwork module comprising a first sheathing panel, a second sheathing panel and a plurality of collapsible connecting elements retaining the first and second sheathing panels and extending at least partially therebetween in a spaced-apart relationship, the formwork module and connecting elements being constructed and assembled at a factory site remote from the building site such that during storage and transportation of the formwork modules each formwork module is collapsed with the first and second sheathing panels adjacent one another with the connect-ing elements collapsed and wherein the first and second sheathing panels are spaced apart to the full extent of the connecting elements during assembly at the building site, a spacer in the form of an elongated member extending between the first sheathing panel and the second sheathing panel at the building site when the formwork module is being erected, wherein the spacer includes a plurality of collapsible rigid links between the first and second panels respectively and the spacer is preinstalled at the factory site.
24. A prefabricated formwork module as defined in claim 4, wherein the filler strips are continuous wooden strips which also act as bearing blocks for the connecting elements and the filler strips are mounted to the exterior surface of one of the sheathing panels at the factory site.
25. A prefabricated formwork module as defined in claim 4, wherein the filler strips are in the form of an elongated plastic element and extend along the exterior surface of one of the sheathing panels and can act as bearing blocks for the connecting elements.
26. A prefabricated formwork module as defined in claim 4, wherein the filler strip is a metallic stamping or extrusion mounted at the factory site on the exterior surface of one of the sheathing panels and can act as a bearing block for the connect-ing elements.
27. A prefabricated formwork module as defined in claim 1, wherein the first and second sheathing panels each include edges having respective joint means for permitting the modules to be erected one to the other in edge-to-edge relationship to make up the formwork, and wherein joint elements in the form of male and female members extend along the length of the edges of contiguous panels and are adapted to be intercalated to form the joint and prevent lateral movement.
28. A prefabricated formwork module as defined in claims 1 or 27, wherein joint elements of male and female members extend along the length of the edges of the first and second sheathing panels and are adapted to be intercalated to form the joint and prevent lateral movement.
29. A method of providing a formwork module at a building site for forming substantially vertical walls of a hardenable material including the steps of selecting a first sheathing panel having edges, select-ing a second sheathing panel with edges to form a form-work module, attaching the first ends of a plurality of collapsible deformable connecting elements to the first sheathing panel in a spaced apart relationship such that the connecting elements have opposite ends extending from the interior face of the first panel, connecting the opposite ends of the collapsible deformable connecting elements to the second sheathing panel such that the interior face of the second panel faces the interior face of the first panel and collaps-ing the first and second sheathing panels of a formwork module against each other for storage and transporta-tion while separating the first and second panels to the full extent of the connecting elements during the assembly thereof at a building site.
30. A method of providing a formwork at a building site as defined in claim 29, including assem-bling a plurality of formwork modules, including pro-viding joint means at the edge areas of contiguous sheathing panels of adjacent formwork modules.
31. A prefabricated formwork as defined in claim 7, wherein the bearing blocks are in the form of panels covering the exterior face of the sheathing panel.
32. A collapsible formwork as defined in claim 1, wherein the first or second sheathing panels may be in the form of a grill to which further formed panels are added at the building site.
33. A prefabricated formwork as defined in claim 1, wherein the first and second sheathing panels each include edges having respective joint means for permitting the modules to be erected one to the other in edge-to-edge relationship to make up the formwork, and wherein the joints of contiguous panels are covered by covering elements extending along at least a portion of the respective edges.
34. A prefabricated formwork module as defined in claim 1, wherein the first and second sheathing panels each include edges having respective joint means for permitting the modules to be erected one to the other in edge-to-edge relationship to make up the formwork, and wherein joint elements are pro-vided on respective contiguous panels such that one joint element overlaps the joint to prevent lateral movement but the joint elements allow longitudinal sliding movement of the modules relative to one another along the joint axis.
35. A prefabricated formwork module as defined in claim 7, wherein the bearing blocks are in the form of a panel overlying the exterior face of at least one sheathing panel.
36. A prefabricated formwork module as defined in claim 35, wherein the panel overlying the exterior face is in the form of a perforated plate or open grid.
37. A prefabricated formwork module as defined in claim 1, wherein the sheathing panel includes an open grid on the exterior thereof and sheathing layers are provided on the interior thereof.
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002032640A CA2032640C (en) | 1990-12-19 | 1990-12-19 | Prefabricated formwork |
| US07/809,307 US5323578A (en) | 1990-12-19 | 1991-12-18 | Prefabricated formwork |
| EP91121800A EP0491394B1 (en) | 1990-12-19 | 1991-12-19 | Prefabricated formwork |
| DE69126601T DE69126601T2 (en) | 1990-12-19 | 1991-12-19 | Prefabricated formwork |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002032640A CA2032640C (en) | 1990-12-19 | 1990-12-19 | Prefabricated formwork |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2032640A1 CA2032640A1 (en) | 1992-06-20 |
| CA2032640C true CA2032640C (en) | 1994-07-26 |
Family
ID=4146691
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002032640A Expired - Fee Related CA2032640C (en) | 1990-12-19 | 1990-12-19 | Prefabricated formwork |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5323578A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0491394B1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2032640C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69126601T2 (en) |
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| AU2014213545B1 (en) * | 2014-08-12 | 2015-11-19 | Masterform Systems Pty Ltd | Hob Moulding System for Cast-in-situ Concrete Building Slabs |
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| KR20170030108A (en) | 2015-09-08 | 2017-03-17 | 주식회사 상원스틸텍 | Prefabricated formwork and manufacturing method thereof |
| US10280622B2 (en) | 2016-01-31 | 2019-05-07 | Romeo Ilarian Ciuperca | Self-annealing concrete forms and method of making and using same |
| CN109689989B (en) * | 2016-09-01 | 2022-03-25 | 莱斯建筑型材私人有限公司 | Improvements in or relating to forms |
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| CN109113231B (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2024-02-09 | 王增群 | Split EPS cavity module |
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| CN110835964B (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2021-04-20 | 湖北麻一建设有限公司 | Prefabricated sandwich heat-insulation concrete external wall panel and manufacturing method thereof |
| US10968638B1 (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2021-04-06 | Ronald Hohmann, Jr. | Systems and methods for an insulated thermal wall anchor |
| CN111502272A (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2020-08-07 | 中铁城建集团第三工程有限公司 | Formwork support reinforcing system in narrow space |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1578511A (en) * | 1923-02-08 | 1926-03-30 | Frederic E Gladwin | Wall construction |
| US2864150A (en) * | 1955-11-09 | 1958-12-16 | Henderson Albert | Apparatus for making concrete structural shapes |
| DE1484201A1 (en) * | 1963-07-27 | 1969-04-03 | Karl Donth | Component for the production of concrete walls |
| US3321884A (en) * | 1964-06-04 | 1967-05-30 | Klaue Hermann | Spaced building plates with embedded wire ties connected by rod means |
| US3625470A (en) * | 1969-02-25 | 1971-12-07 | Symons Mfg Co | Tie rod securing means for a concrete wall form |
| US3611664A (en) * | 1969-08-11 | 1971-10-12 | Edmund C Barbera | Building wall construction |
| US3782049A (en) * | 1972-05-10 | 1974-01-01 | M Sachs | Wall forming blocks |
| US3964226A (en) * | 1974-09-27 | 1976-06-22 | Hohmann & Barnard, Inc. | Adjustable wall-tie reinforcing system |
| DE7527195U (en) * | 1975-03-24 | 1976-04-01 | Liedgens, Karl, 5231 Weyerbusch | SPACERS FOR CONNECTING SHELL PANELS TO FOLDABLE CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS |
| CH614750A5 (en) * | 1977-02-28 | 1979-12-14 | Hans Dietrich Sulzer | Foldable shuttering and reinforcement metal-sheet system for vertical masonry walls |
| US4241555A (en) * | 1978-05-30 | 1980-12-30 | Radva Plastics Corporation | Composite panel structure and method of manufacture |
| FR2552472B2 (en) * | 1983-02-08 | 1985-11-08 | Ott Renaud | CONSTRUCTIVE SYSTEM USING LOST FORMS, ESPECIALLY INSULATING AND WEAPONS |
| US4969302A (en) * | 1985-01-15 | 1990-11-13 | Abitibi-Price Corporation | Siding panels |
| US4730422A (en) * | 1985-11-20 | 1988-03-15 | Young Rubber Company | Insulating non-removable type concrete wall forming structure and device and system for attaching wall coverings thereto |
| FR2608196A1 (en) * | 1986-12-16 | 1988-06-17 | Louise Gerard | Permanent formwork made of bendable metal elements |
| CA1233042A (en) * | 1987-04-01 | 1988-02-23 | Serge Meilleur | Module sections, modules and formwork for making insulated concrete walls |
| US4765109A (en) * | 1987-09-25 | 1988-08-23 | Boeshart Patrick E | Adjustable tie |
| US4976081A (en) * | 1987-12-21 | 1990-12-11 | Bally Engineered Structures, Inc. | Sandwich panel assembly |
| US4901494A (en) * | 1988-12-09 | 1990-02-20 | Miller Brian J | Collapsible forming system and method |
| US4888931A (en) * | 1988-12-16 | 1989-12-26 | Serge Meilleur | Insulating formwork for casting a concrete wall |
-
1990
- 1990-12-19 CA CA002032640A patent/CA2032640C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1991
- 1991-12-18 US US07/809,307 patent/US5323578A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-12-19 DE DE69126601T patent/DE69126601T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-12-19 EP EP91121800A patent/EP0491394B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE69126601T2 (en) | 1998-02-05 |
| CA2032640A1 (en) | 1992-06-20 |
| EP0491394B1 (en) | 1997-06-18 |
| EP0491394A1 (en) | 1992-06-24 |
| DE69126601D1 (en) | 1997-07-24 |
| US5323578A (en) | 1994-06-28 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| EEER | Examination request | ||
| MKLA | Lapsed |