CA2031526A1 - Stitching gear assembly having perforating projections thereon, for use in converter adapted to produce pad-like cushioning material and method - Google Patents
Stitching gear assembly having perforating projections thereon, for use in converter adapted to produce pad-like cushioning material and methodInfo
- Publication number
- CA2031526A1 CA2031526A1 CA2031526A CA2031526A CA2031526A1 CA 2031526 A1 CA2031526 A1 CA 2031526A1 CA 2031526 A CA2031526 A CA 2031526A CA 2031526 A CA2031526 A CA 2031526A CA 2031526 A1 CA2031526 A1 CA 2031526A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- gear assembly
- cushioning material
- stock
- converter adapted
- projections
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31F—MECHANICAL WORKING OR DEFORMATION OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31F5/00—Attaching together sheets, strips or webs; Reinforcing edges
- B31F5/02—Attaching together sheets, strips or webs; Reinforcing edges by crimping or slotting or perforating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31D—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B31B OR B31C
- B31D5/00—Multiple-step processes for making three-dimensional articles ; Making three-dimensional articles
- B31D5/0039—Multiple-step processes for making three-dimensional articles ; Making three-dimensional articles for making dunnage or cushion pads
- B31D5/0043—Multiple-step processes for making three-dimensional articles ; Making three-dimensional articles for making dunnage or cushion pads including crumpling flat material
- B31D5/0047—Multiple-step processes for making three-dimensional articles ; Making three-dimensional articles for making dunnage or cushion pads including crumpling flat material involving toothed wheels
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31F—MECHANICAL WORKING OR DEFORMATION OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31F5/00—Attaching together sheets, strips or webs; Reinforcing edges
- B31F5/02—Attaching together sheets, strips or webs; Reinforcing edges by crimping or slotting or perforating
- B31F5/022—Attaching together sheets, strips or webs; Reinforcing edges by crimping or slotting or perforating using a rotary tool
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31D—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B31B OR B31C
- B31D2205/00—Multiple-step processes for making three-dimensional articles
- B31D2205/0005—Multiple-step processes for making three-dimensional articles for making dunnage or cushion pads
- B31D2205/0011—Multiple-step processes for making three-dimensional articles for making dunnage or cushion pads including particular additional operations
- B31D2205/0047—Feeding, guiding or shaping the material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31D—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B31B OR B31C
- B31D2205/00—Multiple-step processes for making three-dimensional articles
- B31D2205/0005—Multiple-step processes for making three-dimensional articles for making dunnage or cushion pads
- B31D2205/0011—Multiple-step processes for making three-dimensional articles for making dunnage or cushion pads including particular additional operations
- B31D2205/0064—Stabilizing the shape of the final product, e.g. by mechanical interlocking
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Making Paper Articles (AREA)
- Machines For Manufacturing Corrugated Board In Mechanical Paper-Making Processes (AREA)
- Buffer Packaging (AREA)
- Retarders (AREA)
Abstract
2031526 9013414 PCTABS00002 A dunnage producing machine converts multi-ply paper stock (12) into cushioning dunnage (P). The machine draws in the web stock and rolls the edges inwardly. The stock passes between a pair of gear-like members (30) which mesh together to coin the material by fastening together the inwardly rolled edges. The gear-like members have projections (66) on their teeth which perforate the stock layers to assist in maintaining the product in its pad-like form.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US07/346,783 US4968291A (en) | 1989-05-03 | 1989-05-03 | Stitching gear assembly having perforating projections thereon, for use in converter adapted to produce pad-like cushioning material, and method |
US346,783 | 1989-05-03 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CA2031526A1 true CA2031526A1 (en) | 1990-11-04 |
CA2031526C CA2031526C (en) | 1994-09-20 |
Family
ID=23361032
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CA002031526A Expired - Lifetime CA2031526C (en) | 1989-05-03 | 1990-04-18 | Stitching gear assembly having perforating projections thereon, for use in converter adapted to produce pad-like cushioning material and method |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4968291A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0427834B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH0645210B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR0174270B1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2031526C (en) |
DE (1) | DE69003514T2 (en) |
DK (1) | DK0427834T3 (en) |
FI (1) | FI910017A0 (en) |
NO (1) | NO178019C (en) |
WO (1) | WO1990013414A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (93)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4707527A (en) * | 1984-07-30 | 1987-11-17 | Gte Laboratories Incorporated | Multicomponent systems based on polypyrrole |
US5322477A (en) * | 1990-10-05 | 1994-06-21 | Ranpak Corp. | Downsized cushioning dunnage conversion machine and packaging systems employing the same |
US6311596B1 (en) | 1990-10-05 | 2001-11-06 | Ranpak Corp. | Cutting assembly for a cushioning conversion machine |
US5123889A (en) * | 1990-10-05 | 1992-06-23 | Ranpak Corporation | Downsized cushioning dunnage conversion machine and cutting assemblies for use on such a machine |
US5658229A (en) * | 1990-10-05 | 1997-08-19 | Ranpak Corp. | Downsized cushioning dumnage conversion machine and cutting assemblies for use on such a machine |
US5211620A (en) * | 1991-11-01 | 1993-05-18 | Ranpak Corp. | Edge-tension controlling device for a cushioning conversion machine |
US5387173A (en) * | 1992-12-22 | 1995-02-07 | Ranpak Corp. | Fan-folded stock material for use with a cushioning conversion machine |
US5637071A (en) * | 1993-08-19 | 1997-06-10 | Ranpak Corp. | Dispensing table for a cushioning conversion machine |
US5571067A (en) * | 1993-11-19 | 1996-11-05 | Ranpak Corp. | Cushioning conversion machine including a length measuring device |
US5542232A (en) * | 1993-11-19 | 1996-08-06 | Ranpak Corp. | Transitional slide for use with a cushion-creating machine |
US6168559B1 (en) | 1993-11-19 | 2001-01-02 | Ranpak Corp. | Cushioning conversion machine including a pad-transferring assembly |
US6132842A (en) * | 1994-04-01 | 2000-10-17 | Ranpak Corp. | Cushioning product |
US5755656A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1998-05-26 | Ranpak Corp. | Cushioning conversion machine and method with independent edge connecting |
US5791483A (en) * | 1994-04-01 | 1998-08-11 | Ranpak Corp. | Cushioning product |
AT403154B (en) * | 1994-04-13 | 1997-11-25 | Dallinger Gerhard | PACKAGING MATERIAL AND METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF |
DK0679504T3 (en) * | 1994-04-22 | 1997-02-24 | Naturembal Sa | Method and machine for making filler material by wrinkling paper |
GB9409973D0 (en) * | 1994-05-18 | 1994-07-06 | Rotech Machines Limited | Packaging material making machine |
ATE179651T1 (en) * | 1994-07-22 | 1999-05-15 | Ranpak Corp | MACHINE FOR PRODUCING SHOCK-ABSORBING ELEMENTS FROM WEB-SHAPED MATERIAL |
US6135939A (en) * | 1994-07-22 | 2000-10-24 | Ranpak Corp. | Cushioning conversion machine and method |
MY138299A (en) * | 1994-07-22 | 2009-05-29 | Ranpak Corp | Cushioning conversion machine and method |
US6524230B1 (en) * | 1994-07-22 | 2003-02-25 | Ranpak Corp. | Packing material product and method and apparatus for making, monitoring and controlling the same |
US5593376A (en) * | 1994-07-22 | 1997-01-14 | Ranpak Corp. | Cushioning conversion machine and method |
US5908375A (en) * | 1994-07-22 | 1999-06-01 | Ranpak Corp. | Manual feed cushioning machine and method |
US5803893A (en) * | 1994-07-22 | 1998-09-08 | Ranpak Corp. | Cushioning conversion machine and method |
US6561964B1 (en) | 1994-07-22 | 2003-05-13 | Ranpak Corp. | Cushioning conversion machine and method |
US5840004A (en) * | 1994-07-22 | 1998-11-24 | Ranpak Corp. | Cushioning conversion machine and method |
US5674172A (en) * | 1994-07-22 | 1997-10-07 | Ranpak Corp. | Cushioning conversion machine having a single feed/cut handle |
US5871429A (en) * | 1994-07-22 | 1999-02-16 | Ranpak Corp. | Cushioning conversion machine including a probe for sensing packaging requirements |
US5709642A (en) * | 1994-07-22 | 1998-01-20 | Ranpak Corp. | Cushioning conversion machine and method |
US5607383A (en) * | 1994-07-22 | 1997-03-04 | Ranpak Corp. | Modular cushioning conversion machine |
US6217501B1 (en) * | 1996-06-28 | 2001-04-17 | Ranpak Corp. | Cushioning conversion machine |
US6190299B1 (en) | 1995-03-24 | 2001-02-20 | Ranpak Corporation | Cushion producing machine |
US6534148B1 (en) | 1995-04-19 | 2003-03-18 | Naturembal S.A. | Machine for making cushioning dunnage product, stock material for feeding such machine and method |
US6207249B1 (en) | 1995-06-07 | 2001-03-27 | Ranpak Corporation | Cushioning product and method with stitching |
US5713825A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1998-02-03 | Ranpak Corp. | Cushioning conversion machine and method for converting stock material into a dunnage product having a casing and a stuffing within the casing |
US6176818B1 (en) | 1995-06-07 | 2001-01-23 | Ranpak Corp. | Cushioning conversion machine cushioning conversion method and method of assembling a cushioning conversion machine |
WO1997002183A1 (en) * | 1995-07-05 | 1997-01-23 | Ranpak Corp. | Packaging system including cushoning conversion machine |
US5807229A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1998-09-15 | Ranpak Corp. | Cushioning conversion machine with stitching wheels having hook projections |
US6035613A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 2000-03-14 | Ranpak Corp. | Cushioning conversion machine and method with stitching assemblies |
AU6541096A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1996-12-30 | Ranpak Corp. | Cushioning conversion system |
CA2225720A1 (en) * | 1995-06-26 | 1997-01-16 | Ranpak Corp. | Cushioning conversion machine and method |
US5749821A (en) * | 1995-07-21 | 1998-05-12 | Ranpak Corp. | Cushioning conversion system for converting paper stock into cushioning material with a staging area and a pick and place assembly |
US6015374A (en) * | 1995-10-16 | 2000-01-18 | Ranpak Corp. | Compact cushioning conversion machine and method using pre-folded paper |
US6168847B1 (en) | 1996-01-11 | 2001-01-02 | Ranpak Corporation | Pre-folded stock material for use in a cushioning conversion machine |
DE69714026T2 (en) * | 1996-02-28 | 2003-02-27 | Ranpak Corp | UPHOLSTERY CONVERSION METHOD AND MACHINE |
EP0958135A1 (en) | 1996-06-28 | 1999-11-24 | Ranpak Corp. | Cushioning conversion machine |
US6468197B1 (en) | 1996-07-10 | 2002-10-22 | Ranpak Corp. | Cushioning conversion machine with severing mechanism |
EP0921937B1 (en) | 1996-07-26 | 2000-10-11 | Ranpak Corp. | Cushioning conversion system |
US5829231A (en) | 1996-11-14 | 1998-11-03 | Ranpak Corporation | Automated cushioning producing and filling system |
US5891010A (en) * | 1996-12-12 | 1999-04-06 | Ranpak Corp. | Cushioning conversion machine with swing-mounted stock roll support and method |
US5778631A (en) * | 1997-02-07 | 1998-07-14 | Ranpak Corp. | Automated cushioning producing and dispening system |
US5823935A (en) * | 1997-02-07 | 1998-10-20 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance, S.A. | Fiber densification knife |
US5813967A (en) * | 1997-02-25 | 1998-09-29 | Ranpak Corp. | Cushioning conversion machine with guide roller, and method |
US6033353A (en) * | 1997-02-26 | 2000-03-07 | Ranpak Corp. | Machine and method for making a perforated dunnage product |
EP0910505B1 (en) | 1997-03-11 | 2004-09-22 | Ranpak Corp. | Cushioning conversion machine and method |
WO1998040204A1 (en) * | 1997-03-11 | 1998-09-17 | Ranpak Corp. | Cushioning conversion machine and method |
EP1009662A1 (en) * | 1997-06-11 | 2000-06-21 | Ranpak Corp. | Cushioning conversion system and method |
US6017299A (en) * | 1997-07-03 | 2000-01-25 | Ranpak Corp. | Cushioning conversion machine, method and product |
US6090033A (en) * | 1997-09-02 | 2000-07-18 | Ranpak Corp. | Cushioning conversion machine for producing U-shape pads |
ATE283165T1 (en) | 1997-09-18 | 2004-12-15 | Ranpak Corp | SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING AND DISPENSING UPHOLSTERY ELEMENTS |
US5989176A (en) * | 1997-10-01 | 1999-11-23 | Ranpak Corporation | Output chute for cushioning conversion machine |
DE69828186T2 (en) * | 1997-10-02 | 2005-12-15 | Ranpak Corp., Concord Township | SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR MONITORING MACHINES FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF PACKAGING MATERIAL |
US6398703B1 (en) * | 1998-01-17 | 2002-06-04 | Reinhard Keller | Facility and machine for producing padded-like packing material |
WO2001000491A1 (en) | 1999-06-29 | 2001-01-04 | Ranpak Corp. | Packaging controller for cushioning producing system |
AU752282B2 (en) * | 1998-10-02 | 2002-09-12 | Ranpak Corp. | Cushioning conversion machine and method with stitching assemblies |
US6076764A (en) * | 1998-10-30 | 2000-06-20 | F.T. Acquisitions, L.P. | Combination paper roll core and paper tube plug |
US6179765B1 (en) | 1998-10-30 | 2001-01-30 | Ft Acquisition, L.P. | Paper dispensing system and method |
US6174273B1 (en) | 1998-12-18 | 2001-01-16 | Ranpak Corp. | Cushioning conversion machine with tension control |
US6277459B1 (en) | 1999-01-19 | 2001-08-21 | Ranpak Corp. | Perforated cushioning dunnage product, machine and method for making same |
US6139480A (en) * | 1999-01-28 | 2000-10-31 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance, Sa | Cutting device for effecting a partial cut in a packaging material, and a blank produced therefrom |
WO2001094107A2 (en) * | 2000-06-09 | 2001-12-13 | Ranpak Corp. | Dunnage conversion machine with translating grippers, and method and product |
DE60124562T2 (en) * | 2000-08-24 | 2007-10-04 | Ranpak Corp., Concord Township | Upholstery conversion machine, method of use and cushioning material |
AU2002232743A1 (en) | 2000-10-20 | 2002-08-28 | Ranpak Corp. | Cushioning conversion system with dunnage pad transfer mechanism |
US6913673B2 (en) * | 2001-12-19 | 2005-07-05 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Heated embossing and ply attachment |
US6918489B2 (en) * | 2002-04-22 | 2005-07-19 | Ranpak Corp. | Dunnage converter system |
DE60306407C9 (en) * | 2002-11-01 | 2021-09-09 | Ranpak Corp. | PACKAGING SYSTEM WITH MEASURING THE UPHOLSTERY FILLING MATERIAL |
AU2003286907A1 (en) * | 2002-11-05 | 2004-06-07 | Ranpak Corp. | System and method for making a coiled strip of dunnage |
US6910997B1 (en) | 2004-03-26 | 2005-06-28 | Free-Flow Packaging International, Inc. | Machine and method for making paper dunnage |
US7740573B2 (en) * | 2004-06-25 | 2010-06-22 | Ranpak Corp. | Dunnage conversion machine with floating guides |
US20080210591A1 (en) * | 2005-01-26 | 2008-09-04 | Ranpak Corp. | Cohesive Packaging Material in a Shipping Container and Method |
US20070117703A1 (en) * | 2005-11-22 | 2007-05-24 | Sealed Air Corporation | Machine and method for converting a web of material into dunnage |
DE102008030916A1 (en) * | 2008-07-01 | 2010-01-07 | Lika-Pack E.K. | Method for manufacturing packing pads of paper, particularly recycled paper, involves arranging wed shaped paper one above other in multiple tiers and submitting to gathering operation |
EP2596945B1 (en) * | 2008-11-17 | 2014-07-02 | Ranpak Corp. | Compact dunnage conversion machine |
EP2411209B1 (en) * | 2009-01-02 | 2017-03-01 | Nuevopak Technology Company Limited | Cushioning material |
WO2011143635A2 (en) * | 2010-05-13 | 2011-11-17 | Nuevopak International Limited | Apparatus, systems and methods for producing cushioning material |
US8348818B2 (en) * | 2010-05-27 | 2013-01-08 | Sealed Air Corporation (Us) | Machine for producing packaging cushioning |
DE102012222805B3 (en) * | 2012-12-11 | 2013-06-06 | Storopack Hans Reichenecker Gmbh | Method for manufacturing cushioning product, particularly for cushioning of articles contained in packages, involves providing flat, elongated, two- or multilayer paper strip |
DE102013015875A1 (en) * | 2013-09-23 | 2015-03-26 | Sprick Gmbh Bielefelder Papier- Und Wellpappenwerke & Co. | Perforating tool for a device for machining a filler product and apparatus for machining a filler product |
CA3088636A1 (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2018-01-04 | Ranpak Corp. | Dunnage conversion machine and method |
CN109952193B (en) * | 2016-10-11 | 2021-11-30 | 希悦尔公司 | Machine and method for producing a void-filling packaging material |
FR3061072B1 (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2020-02-07 | Jacky Peterlini | DEVICE FOR DISPENSING PACKING AND PACKAGING ELEMENT |
WO2018160607A1 (en) | 2017-02-28 | 2018-09-07 | Ranpak Corporation | Dunnage conversion machine, method, and product with a polygonal cross-section |
AU2018345258B2 (en) | 2017-10-02 | 2021-10-14 | Ranpak Corp. | Powered outlet chute for dunnage conversion machine |
Family Cites Families (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2107462A (en) * | 1934-12-01 | 1938-02-08 | Wood Newspaper Mach Corp | Means for connecting sheets of a newspaper |
DE811309C (en) * | 1949-01-01 | 1951-08-20 | Claus Koenig | Method and device for enclosing the edges of drawings |
US3238852A (en) * | 1954-10-05 | 1966-03-08 | Olin Mathieson | Method and apparatus for making filters |
US2935002A (en) * | 1957-06-28 | 1960-05-03 | Jr Bailey P Robinson | Mechanism for producing a manifolding assembly interlock |
US3323983A (en) * | 1964-09-08 | 1967-06-06 | Kimberly Clark Co | Apparatus for embossing multi-ply paper sheets |
US3509797A (en) * | 1967-05-22 | 1970-05-05 | Arpax Co | Mechanism for producing cushioning dunnage |
DE1679948A1 (en) * | 1967-11-03 | 1971-04-22 | Bischof & Klein | Process for the mutual bonding of plastic films and device for carrying out the process |
US3655500A (en) * | 1968-02-07 | 1972-04-11 | Arpax Co | A resilient cushioning dunnage product for use in packaging and packing |
US3898920A (en) * | 1974-02-15 | 1975-08-12 | Hudson Pulp & Paper Corp | Tail tie system |
US4026198A (en) * | 1975-05-01 | 1977-05-31 | Ranpak Corporation | Cushioning dunnage mechanism, transfer cart therefor, and method |
US4717613A (en) * | 1984-05-10 | 1988-01-05 | Ranpak Corporation | Mechanism and method for producing cushioning dunnage |
US4750896A (en) * | 1985-10-28 | 1988-06-14 | Ranpak Corp. | Method and mechanism for producing cushioning dunnage product |
-
1989
- 1989-05-03 US US07/346,783 patent/US4968291A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1990
- 1990-04-18 KR KR1019900702708A patent/KR0174270B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-04-18 DE DE90907731T patent/DE69003514T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-04-18 WO PCT/US1990/002110 patent/WO1990013414A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1990-04-18 DK DK90907731.5T patent/DK0427834T3/en active
- 1990-04-18 EP EP90907731A patent/EP0427834B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-04-18 JP JP2507783A patent/JPH0645210B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-04-18 CA CA002031526A patent/CA2031526C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-12-28 NO NO905644A patent/NO178019C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1991
- 1991-01-02 FI FI910017A patent/FI910017A0/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NO905644D0 (en) | 1990-12-28 |
KR920700103A (en) | 1992-02-19 |
DE69003514D1 (en) | 1993-10-28 |
NO905644L (en) | 1991-02-27 |
KR0174270B1 (en) | 1999-05-01 |
DK0427834T3 (en) | 1994-02-21 |
NO178019B (en) | 1995-10-02 |
JPH03502671A (en) | 1991-06-20 |
EP0427834A1 (en) | 1991-05-22 |
EP0427834B1 (en) | 1993-09-22 |
US4968291A (en) | 1990-11-06 |
NO178019C (en) | 1996-01-10 |
JPH0645210B2 (en) | 1994-06-15 |
WO1990013414A1 (en) | 1990-11-15 |
CA2031526C (en) | 1994-09-20 |
DE69003514T2 (en) | 1994-05-11 |
FI910017A0 (en) | 1991-01-02 |
EP0427834A4 (en) | 1991-09-25 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
EEER | Examination request | ||
MKEX | Expiry |