CA2024382A1 - Method and apparatus for finding the best splits in a decision tree for a language model for a speech recognizer - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for finding the best splits in a decision tree for a language model for a speech recognizer

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Publication number
CA2024382A1
CA2024382A1 CA2024382A CA2024382A CA2024382A1 CA 2024382 A1 CA2024382 A1 CA 2024382A1 CA 2024382 A CA2024382 A CA 2024382A CA 2024382 A CA2024382 A CA 2024382A CA 2024382 A1 CA2024382 A1 CA 2024382A1
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
feature
predictor
values
value
sets
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CA2024382A
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
CA2024382C (en
Inventor
Arthur Nadas
David Nahamoo
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
International Business Machines Corp
Original Assignee
International Business Machines Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by International Business Machines Corp filed Critical International Business Machines Corp
Publication of CA2024382A1 publication Critical patent/CA2024382A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA2024382C publication Critical patent/CA2024382C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS OR SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
    • G10L15/00—Speech recognition
    • G10L15/08—Speech classification or search
    • G10L15/18—Speech classification or search using natural language modelling
    • G10L15/183—Speech classification or search using natural language modelling using context dependencies, e.g. language models
    • G10L15/19—Grammatical context, e.g. disambiguation of the recognition hypotheses based on word sequence rules
    • G10L15/197—Probabilistic grammars, e.g. word n-grams

Abstract

ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE

A method and apparatus for finding the best or near best binary classification of a set of observed events, according to a predictor feature X so as to minimize the uncertainty in the value of a category feature Y. Each feature has three or more possible values. First, the predictor feature value and the category feature value of each event is measured. From the measured predictor feature values, the joint probabilities of each category feature value and each predictor feature value are estimated. The events are then split, arbitrarily, into two sets of predictor feature values. From the estimated joint probabilities, the conditional probability of an event falling into one set of predictor feature values is calculated for each category feature value. A number of pairs of sets of category feature values are then defined where each set SYj contains only those category feature values having the j lowest values of the conditional probability. From among these pairs of sets, an optimum pair is found having the lowest uncertainty in the value of the predictor feature.

From the optimum sets of category feature values, the conditional probability that an event falls within one set of category feature values; is calculated for each predictor feature value. A number of pairs of sets of predictor feature values are defined where each set SXi(t + 1) contains only those predictor feature values having the i lowest values of the conditional probability. From among the sets SXi a pair of sets is found having the lowest uncertainty in the value of the category feature. An event is then classified according to whether its predictor feature value is a member of the set of optimal predictor feature values.
CA002024382A 1989-10-26 1990-08-31 Method and apparatus for finding the best splits in a decision tree for a language model for a speech recognizer Expired - Fee Related CA2024382C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US427,420 1989-10-26
US07/427,420 US5263117A (en) 1989-10-26 1989-10-26 Method and apparatus for finding the best splits in a decision tree for a language model for a speech recognizer

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2024382A1 true CA2024382A1 (en) 1991-04-27
CA2024382C CA2024382C (en) 1994-08-02

Family

ID=23694801

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA002024382A Expired - Fee Related CA2024382C (en) 1989-10-26 1990-08-31 Method and apparatus for finding the best splits in a decision tree for a language model for a speech recognizer

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US5263117A (en)
EP (1) EP0424665A2 (en)
JP (1) JPH0756675B2 (en)
CA (1) CA2024382C (en)

Families Citing this family (19)

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US5745649A (en) * 1994-07-07 1998-04-28 Nynex Science & Technology Corporation Automated speech recognition using a plurality of different multilayer perception structures to model a plurality of distinct phoneme categories
US5680509A (en) * 1994-09-27 1997-10-21 International Business Machines Corporation Method and apparatus for estimating phone class probabilities a-posteriori using a decision tree
US5729656A (en) 1994-11-30 1998-03-17 International Business Machines Corporation Reduction of search space in speech recognition using phone boundaries and phone ranking
EP1199707A3 (en) * 1995-05-26 2002-05-02 Speechworks International, Inc. Method and apparatus for dynamic adaptation of a large vocabulary speech recognition system and for use of constraints from a database in a large vocabulary speech recognition system
US5822730A (en) * 1996-08-22 1998-10-13 Dragon Systems, Inc. Lexical tree pre-filtering in speech recognition
US5864819A (en) * 1996-11-08 1999-01-26 International Business Machines Corporation Internal window object tree method for representing graphical user interface applications for speech navigation
US6167377A (en) * 1997-03-28 2000-12-26 Dragon Systems, Inc. Speech recognition language models
US6418431B1 (en) * 1998-03-30 2002-07-09 Microsoft Corporation Information retrieval and speech recognition based on language models
WO1999059673A1 (en) * 1998-05-21 1999-11-25 Medtronic Physio-Control Manufacturing Corp. Automatic detection and reporting of cardiac asystole
US6865528B1 (en) * 2000-06-01 2005-03-08 Microsoft Corporation Use of a unified language model
US7031908B1 (en) 2000-06-01 2006-04-18 Microsoft Corporation Creating a language model for a language processing system
US6859774B2 (en) * 2001-05-02 2005-02-22 International Business Machines Corporation Error corrective mechanisms for consensus decoding of speech
US8229753B2 (en) 2001-10-21 2012-07-24 Microsoft Corporation Web server controls for web enabled recognition and/or audible prompting
US7711570B2 (en) * 2001-10-21 2010-05-04 Microsoft Corporation Application abstraction with dialog purpose
US7133856B2 (en) * 2002-05-17 2006-11-07 The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University Binary tree for complex supervised learning
US7292982B1 (en) 2003-05-29 2007-11-06 At&T Corp. Active labeling for spoken language understanding
US8301436B2 (en) * 2003-05-29 2012-10-30 Microsoft Corporation Semantic object synchronous understanding for highly interactive interface
US7200559B2 (en) 2003-05-29 2007-04-03 Microsoft Corporation Semantic object synchronous understanding implemented with speech application language tags
US8160883B2 (en) 2004-01-10 2012-04-17 Microsoft Corporation Focus tracking in dialogs

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4181813A (en) * 1978-05-08 1980-01-01 John Marley System and method for speech recognition
JPS57211338A (en) * 1981-06-24 1982-12-25 Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co Tatal image diagnosis data treating apparatus
JPS58115497A (en) * 1981-12-28 1983-07-09 シャープ株式会社 Voice recognition system
US4658429A (en) * 1983-12-29 1987-04-14 Hitachi, Ltd. System and method for preparing a recognition dictionary
JPS60262290A (en) * 1984-06-08 1985-12-25 Hitachi Ltd Information recognition system
US4759068A (en) * 1985-05-29 1988-07-19 International Business Machines Corporation Constructing Markov models of words from multiple utterances
FR2591005B1 (en) * 1985-12-04 1988-01-08 Thomson Csf METHOD FOR IDENTIFYING A TREE STRUCTURE IN DIGITAL IMAGES AND ITS APPLICATION TO AN IMAGE PROCESSING DEVICE
US4719571A (en) * 1986-03-05 1988-01-12 International Business Machines Corporation Algorithm for constructing tree structured classifiers
US4852173A (en) * 1987-10-29 1989-07-25 International Business Machines Corporation Design and construction of a binary-tree system for language modelling

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0424665A3 (en) 1994-01-12
CA2024382C (en) 1994-08-02
US5263117A (en) 1993-11-16
JPH03147079A (en) 1991-06-24
EP0424665A2 (en) 1991-05-02
JPH0756675B2 (en) 1995-06-14

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