CA2004468C - Sustained release, comfort formulation for glaucoma therapy - Google Patents

Sustained release, comfort formulation for glaucoma therapy

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Publication number
CA2004468C
CA2004468C CA002004468A CA2004468A CA2004468C CA 2004468 C CA2004468 C CA 2004468C CA 002004468 A CA002004468 A CA 002004468A CA 2004468 A CA2004468 A CA 2004468A CA 2004468 C CA2004468 C CA 2004468C
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Canada
Prior art keywords
composition
composition according
concentration
exchange resin
present
Prior art date
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Expired - Lifetime
Application number
CA002004468A
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French (fr)
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CA2004468A1 (en
Inventor
Rajni Jani
Robert Gregg Harris
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Alcon Vision LLC
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Alcon Laboratories Inc
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First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=27508398&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=CA2004468(C) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Priority to US07/154,514 priority Critical patent/US4911920A/en
Priority to AU45753/89A priority patent/AU621692B2/en
Application filed by Alcon Laboratories Inc filed Critical Alcon Laboratories Inc
Priority to CA002004468A priority patent/CA2004468C/en
Priority to DE68913979T priority patent/DE68913979T2/en
Priority to IL9252789A priority patent/IL92527A/en
Priority to EP89312590A priority patent/EP0429732B1/en
Priority to JP1321616A priority patent/JPH0725698B2/en
Priority claimed from JP1321616A external-priority patent/JPH0725698B2/en
Publication of CA2004468A1 publication Critical patent/CA2004468A1/en
Priority to US08/334,512 priority patent/US5554367A/en
Priority to US08/396,284 priority patent/US5635172A/en
Priority to HK135695A priority patent/HK135695A/en
Publication of CA2004468C publication Critical patent/CA2004468C/en
Application granted granted Critical
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
    • A61K31/4164—1,3-Diazoles
    • A61K31/4178—1,3-Diazoles not condensed 1,3-diazoles and containing further heterocyclic rings, e.g. pilocarpine, nitrofurantoin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/13—Amines
    • A61K31/135—Amines having aromatic rings, e.g. ketamine, nortriptyline
    • A61K31/137—Arylalkylamines, e.g. amphetamine, epinephrine, salbutamol, ephedrine or methadone
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/13—Amines
    • A61K31/135—Amines having aromatic rings, e.g. ketamine, nortriptyline
    • A61K31/138—Aryloxyalkylamines, e.g. propranolol, tamoxifen, phenoxybenzamine
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
    • A61K31/4164—1,3-Diazoles
    • A61K31/4168—1,3-Diazoles having a nitrogen attached in position 2, e.g. clonidine
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/74—Synthetic polymeric materials
    • A61K31/765—Polymers containing oxygen
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/50—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates
    • A61K47/51—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent
    • A61K47/56—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being an organic macromolecular compound, e.g. an oligomeric, polymeric or dendrimeric molecule
    • A61K47/58—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being an organic macromolecular compound, e.g. an oligomeric, polymeric or dendrimeric molecule obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. poly[meth]acrylate, polyacrylamide, polystyrene, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinylalcohol or polystyrene sulfonic acid resin
    • A61K47/585—Ion exchange resins, e.g. polystyrene sulfonic acid resin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
    • A61K9/0048—Eye, e.g. artificial tears

Abstract

Disclosed are nonstinging, sustained release ophthalmic formulations to control intraocular pressure in antiglaucoma therapy comprising a basic active, a cation exchange resin, and, inter alia, an acidic, mucomimetic polymer. Also disclosed are methods of treatment comprising administering such formulations topically to the eye when indicated for control and lowering for intraocular pressure.

Description

2(~0~68 SUSTAINED REIIEASE, CO~qFORT FORMULATIOM
FOR t~r ~TI~¢A THERAPY
Backqround of the Invention This invention relates to ophthalmic f ormulations useful in controlling and lowering intraocular pressure (IOP) in the treatment of glaucoma. The formulation3 of the present invention are characterized as long lasting ~sustained release) and are initlally and continually comfortable to the eye. Specifically, the invention relates to formulations of the above characteristics which comprise, inter alia, a basic active and cationic exchange resin (finely divided) dispersed in an aqueous solution or gel of ~n acidic, mucomimetic polymer. Such resulting aqueous gel or pourable liquid f ormulations are characterized by controlled cationic-anionic interactions, which appear to be responsible for the resulting comfort and sustained release properties. This invention also relates to methods of treatment which comprise administering the described compositions when indicated for treatiny ocular hypertension and glaucoma.
The term "basic active" means the active ingredient or ingredients in the disclosed formulations which have the desired effect on intraocular pressure and which bear, or are capable of bearing, a positive charge during f ormulation of the f inal product or as 25 fo= =lated in the final product form. Thus, the tesm basic, or cationic, active i8 descriptive for purposes of the disclosure and claims.
Such basic actives include all presently known beta blockers which demonstrate the requisite cationic 5 charge and IOP effect. Typically, such beta blockers are represented by the following generic structure, which structure also represents the beta blocker basic actives of the present disclosure:
R -o-CH2-CH(oH)-CH2-NR2R3 (I) 10 wherein: Rl is a substituted or unsubstituted cyclic or aliphatic moiety; cyclic moieties include mono- and polycyclic structures which may contain one or more heteroatoms selected from C, N, and O; R2 and R3 are independently selected from H and 8ubstituted and 15 unsubstLtuted alkyl . With regard to Structure ( I ), above, the following references are ~ereby made of record 2 Annual Re~orts in Mr~ r~ Chemist~ 14, 81-87 (1979); J. ~ed. Chem. 1983, 26,1570-1576; ibid..
1984, 27, 503-509; ibid., 1983, 26, 7-11; ibid., 1983, 26, 1561-1569; ibid., 1983 1109-1112; ibid., 1983, 26, 950-957; ibid., 1983, 26, 649-657; and ibid., ~, 26, 352-357. Representative of such basic actives are:
betaxolol, timolol, befunolol, labetalol, propranolol, bupranolol, metaprolol, bunalol, esmalol, pindolol, 25 carteolol, hepunolol, metiprAnolol, celiprolol, azotinolol (S-596), diacetolol, acebutolol, salbutamol, atenulol, isoxaprolol, and the like.
The def inition of ba~ic active also include3 the following classes of drug8 which are u3ed in treatment 30 of ocular hypertension and glaucoma: pilocarpine;
epinephrine; proepineph~ine; norepinephrine;
pronorepinephrine; clonidine; and clonidine ~ A ..
3 2(:~04468 derivatives, for exampLe, p-aminorl nn~ nl~ and p-acetoamidor 1 nn i ~i ~ n =^ .
Thus, in summary, the basic active ~ t of the present invention is defined by its intraocular 5 pre6sure lowering effect or static control thereof, and by itfi cationic nature in an aqueous medium in the pH
range of from 3 . 0 to 8.5. The following patent publication6, which are herebv m~de of record f urther representatively demonstrate the 10 basic actives of the l?resent invention: U. 5 . Patents Nos. 4,252,984; 3,309,406; 3,619,370; 3,655,663;
3,657,237; 4,012,444; 3,663,607; 3,836,671; 3,857,952;
3,202,660; and 2,774,789.
Detailed Descri~tion of the Invention The ophthalmic formulations of the present invention are in the form of: anhydrous salts;
pourable, aqueous dispersions; and aqueous gels. The f ormulations comprise, in addition to conventional ingredients which provide, for example, bacterio~tatic 20 and formulatory balance functions, a critical polyanionic polymer, a cation exchange resin and the basic active of choice. Such anhydrous salt forms are incorporated into ointments or solid ocular inserts which form colloidal gels in situ on administration to 25 the eye . The pourable liquid and gel : ~-i i ts are applied topically to the eye. It should be noted that such liquid and gel ' ~ 8 can be obtained from the anhydrous form on formulation with water.
The f ormulations of the present invention 30 demonstrate sustained release of the basic active and are comfortable on topical administration to the eye.
It fihould be noted, in a general sense, that a stinging sensation re3ults when the basic actives, identif ied ,.
'~

Z~0~4~3 above, are administered neat. Thus, achieving both comf ort and sustained release is an unexpected result and permits administration of a class of ~, -jR that otherwise might not be considered.
5 PolYanionic Polvmer Coml)onent The high molecular wQight, polyanionic polymers useful in the present invention have a molec~lar weight of from about 50,000 to about 6 million. The polymers are characterized as having carboxylic acid ~unctional 10 groups, and preferably contain from 2~to 7 carbon atoms per functional group. The gels which form during the preparatlon of the ophthalmic polymer dispersion have a viscosity of from about 1,000 to about 300,000 cps. In addition to the basic active-polymer (anionic-catonic) 15 interactions, mentioned above, the high molecular weight polymers used in the compositions of the present invention thicken the compositions to provide a gel, and provide a special type of rheology, i.e., plastic viscosity, which is translatable to the sustaLned 20 release and comfort of the final compositions. Such compositions range in pH from 3 . 0 to 8 . 5 .
The pourable liquid ' ' i ts ( administered as drops to the eye ) of the present invention have a viscosity of from about 1 to 20,000 cps. The pH
25 requirements are the same as recited above for the gel f inal products, i . e ., pH 3 . 0-8 . 5 .
The thLrd pharmaceutical form of the present invention, the anhydrous salt form, is derived from a salt of the polycarboxylic acid polymer and the basic 30 active. (The presence of the cationic ion exchange resin also contributes to salt formation; thQ nature of the ion exchange resin, in all ~ Ls of the present invention, is defLned below. ) Such salts can 2~0~468 be formulated, or reconstituted, to aqueous gels and pourable dispersions, a6 described above, on addition of water; or can be formulated as ocular inserts according to known technology and shapes; or they can 5 be combined with an oleaginous vehicle to f orm an ophthalmic ointment. All such final ophthalmic pharmaceutical forms are fully described below.
The term ' plastic viscosity", above, is indicative of a materi~ l that does not perceptibly f low until a 10 certain force or stress value is exceeded; this force or stress is ref erred to as the yield value . While not wishing to be bound by any theory, it i8 believed that the increased duration of activity of the compositions of the present invention is related, in part, to the 15 yield value. The compositions of the present invention exhibit a unique response to shear stress. When the yield value is t-~ r~ d~ the gel structure is altered temporarily, allowing the gel to flow. In the eye, this mechanism is partially attributable to the 20 blinking.eyelid. When the stress is removed (eyelid at rest ), the structure of the gel is partially re-established. Other factors which explain the duration of the formulations of the present invention are related to ionic interactions, and a release mechanism 25 which is explained by a dynamic equilibrium involving normal tear production and the displacement of basic active cations by cations present in tears. This ^hAni-~m is mentioned again, below.
Suitable polymers useful in the present invention 30 are carboxyl vinyl polymers. Preferred polymers of this class include the so called rArh~ s, available under the trade name Carbopol from the B . P . Goodrich Company; and ethylene maleic anhydride polymeric material, available under the trade name BMA from the 200D~4~8 Monsanto Company. The known and readily available polymers Carbopol 934 and 940 are specifically pref erred . The polymers are used in the aqueous gel compositions at a level up to about 8% by weight;
5 pourable liquid compositions comprise 0 . 05% to 2 . 0% by weight polymer.
Basic Active The preferred basic actives of the present invention are those disclosed above The most. preferred lO ba6ic actives are betaxolol and timolol. The basic active, in the gel and pourable liquid embodiments, is present at a level of from about 0.01 to 4.0 wt. %; the most preferred range is from 0 .10 to 1. 0 wt. % .
Ion Exchanqe Resin The cationic resin ~ t of the formulations of the present invention provides an additional means of sustained release of the basic active, and appears to be necessary for initial and prolonged comfort.
Such resins are characterized as either strongly acidic 20 such as those having sulfonic acid functionality, or weakly acidic cation exchangers such as those having carboxylic acid functionality. The resin must be incorporated as a finely divided powder, that is, 95%
of the resulting spheroidal particles must have a 25 diameter less than 20 . 0 microns . The release of the basic active held by the cation exchange resin and the anionic polymer is achieved when ions naturally present in the tear fluid, principally sodium and potassium, compete with the bound basic active for sites on the 30 polymer vehicle and the ion exchange resin. Thus released, the basic active is presented to the eye surface for transport to the receptor sites.

z~l3i4~8 Any pharmaceutical grade cationic ion exchange resin is suitable for the formulation, an they can be used either in the hy~lL~/y~n form or in the sodLum form.
Such resins are readily available, for example, from Rohm & Haas under the ~Amberlite~ ~rA~ ni and from Dow Chemical Co. under the ~Dowex~ trA~c-r\i .
The ion exchange resin ~ t is present in the f ormulations of the present invention at -a level of from 0.0596 to lO.O~i by weight. The average particle size diameter of the resin ranges from 1 to 20 microns.
The particle size of the resin is critical, both with respect to mode of action and comfort. Typically the average particle size of the commercially available f rom of the ion exchange material of choice is about 4 0 to 150 microns. Such particles are most conveniently reduced to a particle size range of about 1. 0 to 25 microns by ball milling, according to known techniques.
Other Inqredients Antimicrobial P~eservative:
Ophthalmic products are typically packaged in multidose form. Preservatives are thus required to prevent microbial contamination during use. Suitable preservatives include: benzalkonium chloride, thimerosal, chlorobutanol, methyl paraben, propyl paraben, phenylethyl alcohol, edetate disodium, sorbic acid, Onamer M, or other agents known to those skilled in the art. Typically such ~LeseLv~tives are employed at a level of from O . 001% to 1. O~i by weight .
TonicitY Aqents:
The tonicity, or osmolality, of the product can be ad justed to either hypotonicity, isotonicity or 21~0~4~:;8 hypertonicLty relative to normal tears by use of conventional materials known to the art. Such tonicity agents, however, are limited to nonionic compounds and typically, when employed, range from 0 . 096 to 1096 weight percent in the f inal product . Nonionic agents representatively include: mannitol, dextrose, glycerine and propyleneglycol; their presence in the final product form, however, is optional.
FormulatLon The composLtLons are formulated in three basic states: 1. ) gels; 2. )pourable liquids; and 3. ) anhydrous salts:
1. ) Gels The cationic exchange resin ~ nt is dispersed in water. The basic active ^ -t is then added with stirring. The polyanionic polymer component is then added.
The resulting product has a viscosity ranging from 1000 to 300,000 cpg rl~.pr.nr~n~
on the anionic polymer concentration. The resulting pH is 3 . 0 to 8 . 5, which may be adjusted, if n~c~R~ry, with HCl or ~aOH.
2. ) Pourable Liquids The cationic exchange resin _ ~ ~t is dispersed in 10 to 50 vol. percent of total water taken in formulation, and then basic active is dispersed and/or dissolved with stirring. The polyanionic polymer, as an aqueous dispersion, is added until the desired pH of the product is obtained. The pH of the product can be ad~usted to the desired value by varying basic active/polymer/resin ratio. If desired, ZC~0~68 final pH of product can be ad~usted with addltion of either NaOH or HCl. The pref erred pH range f or ophthalmic formulations if from 3.0 to 8.5. The final product is a dispersion, which may require high energy mixing to break any agglomeration to achieve llni f-~rmi ty. Other formulation ingredient6 are then added with mixing. The resulting product has a viscosity ranging from 1. 0 to 20, 000 cps depending on the anionic polymer concentration .
3. ) Anh~drous Salts The basic active, the ion exchange resin, and the polyanionic polymer are combined in water, and following mixing, are lyophilized to a powder. Fillers like mannitol and other materials may be added to facili~ate the freeze/drying processing according to techniques well known to those skilled in the art. The anhydrous salts produced in this manner can then be f ormulated or reconstituted to aqueous gels and liquids, or can be f ormulated and shaped as ocular insets . The lyo~hi 1 i 7-~cl powder can also be combined with a nonaqueous vehicle to ~orm an ophthalmic ointment.
Such anhydrous salt embodiments of the present invention can also be prepared by extracting the initial aqueous dispersion with an organic solvent such as ethanol, chloroform, benzene, or the like, and evaporating the organic solvent to produce 2~04~i8 ' 10 the deaired salt complex. The resulting product is substantially equivalent to the above-described lyorhi 1 i 7F.d product.
Utility The Ophthalmic formulations of the present invention are administered to the eyes as gel6, pourable liquid6 (eye drop6), and in the form of ointment6 and ocular in6erts; the latter cla6sifications are formulated form anhydrous salts.
All such compositions are formulated to control the release of the basic active upon administration to the eye and thereby provide a sustained release effect.
Typically such administration is necessary once or twice per day. The precise dosage regimen i6 lef t to the routine discretion of the clinlriJln.
The following examples illustrate, but do not limit the compositional or method of treatment aspects of the present invention.
E:xample 1 Pre~aration of BetaxglQl Free Base from Betaxolol HYdrochloride:
Betaxolol ~ydrochloride is disclosed in U. S .
Patent 4,252,984, and is commercially available.
Betaxolol Hydrochloride ( 0 . 88 moles ) is dissolved in water and the solution is chilled in an ice-bath.
To this solution is added a solution of sodium hydroxide ( 0 . 97 moles ) in water portionwise to make the mixture basic while it is stirred vigorously. At this point the pH of the mixture is approximately 9 . 6 . The resulting white solid is collected by f iltration and washed with a large volume of water.

200d~4~i8 After press/dryiny in the filter funnel, the semi-dry solid is resuspended in a large volume of water and stirred for 1-2 hours. The white solid i3 collected by f iltration and washed with a large volume of water to 5 afford salt-free Betaxolol free base, which is dried in vacuo .
Example 2 Product ComPOsitiOn A (wt%) B (wt%) C (wt%~
10 Betaxolol O . 50 ` O . 25 1. 0 CARsOPOL-934 P (f~A ' ) 0.25 0.15 0.35 Sodium Poly ( Styrene-Divinyl senzene) Sulfonate 0.25 0.125 0.50 ~n 7;1 l kt-n ~ um Chloride O . 01 0 . 01 0 . 01 15Mannitol 5 . 0 5 . 0 5 . O
Water To Make 100%
Procedure Finely divided Amberlite IRP-69 resLn, a sodium poly(styrene-divinyl benzene) sulfonate, and the 20 betaxolol are mixed in 50% of the total water volume component to form a uniform dispersion. The Carbopol-934P is added slowly as an aqueous dispersion. The mixture is homogenized at high speed. The other ingredients are added as aqueous solutions. The final 25 volume is made on addition of water. The resultant products, A, B and C, are white unif~rm suspensions.

2C~0~468 ~ 12 .
ExamDle 3 Product ComPosition A (wt%~ B ~wt96) C (Wt96l Betaxolol Base 0 . 50 0 . 25 1. 0 5 Poly ( Styrene-Divinyl Benzene)Sulfonic acid 0.25 0.125 0.5 Carbopol-934P 0.20 0.1 0.35 BPn 7A 1 knn i um Chloride 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 01 Mannitol 5 . o 5 . 0 5 . 0 10Water To Make 10096 Procedure The solution6 A, B and C of Example 3 are prepared following the ~, ~,cedu. ~= of Example 2. The resulting products are white to off-white uniform suspensions 15 with pH between 5 . 5 to 6 . 5 .
Following the ~LoceduIe of Examples 2 ~nd 3, substantially equivalent results are obtained when the betaxolol t is replaced by an equivalent amount of timolol, or by any of the previously ident~fied beta 20 blockers and other basic actives, respectively.
The invention has been described herein with reference to certain preferred ~ Ls. However, as obvious variations thereon will become apparent to those skilled in the art, the invention is not to be 25 considered as limited thereto.

Claims (23)

1. An ophthalmic pharmaceutical composition for controlling and lowering intraocular pressure comprising a basic active, an anionic mucomimetic polymer, and a cation exchange resin.
2. The compositions according to claim 1 wherein the composition is an aqueous dispersion.
3. An ophthalmic pharmaceutical composition for controlling and lowering intraocular pressure as an aqueous dispersion comprising a basic active, an anionic mucuomimetic polymer, and a finely divided cation exchange resin.
4. The composition according to claim 3 wherein the basic active is betaxolol.
5. The composition according to claim 3 wherein the basic active is timolol.
6. The composition of claim 3 wherein the basic active is selected from pilocarpine, epinephrine, proepinephrine, norepinephrine, pronorepinephrine, clonidine, p-aminoclonidine, p-acetoamidoclonidine, or a beta-blocker selected from betaxolol, timolol, acebutolol, alprenolol, atenolol, bevantolol, bucomolol, bupranolol, butidrine, bunitolol, bunolol, butocrolol, butamine, carazolol, carteolol, exaprolol, indenolol, iprocrolol, labetolol, mepindolol, metipranolol, metaprolol, moprolol, nadolol, nifenalol, oxprenolol, pamatolol, paragolol, penbutolol, pindolol, practolol, procinolol, pronethalol, propranolol, sotalol, tazolol, tiprenolol, tolamolol, toliprolol, befunolol, esmalol, hepunolol, celiprolol, azotinolol, diacetalol, acebutolol, salbutanol, and isoxaprolol
7. A composition according to claim 1 which is a stained release ophthalmic pharmaceutical composition in the form of an aqueous gel, a pourable aqueous dispersion, or anhydrous salt, for controlling and lowering intraocular pressure comprising:
a therapeutically effective amount of a beta blocker of the formula:
R1-0-CH2-CH(OH)-CH2-NR2R3 wherein R1 is a substituted or unsubstituted cyclic or aliphatic moiety, and R2 and R3 are independently selected for H and substituted and unsubstituted alkyl;
an amount of an anionic mucomimetic polymer having carboxylic acid functional groups which comprise from 2 to 7 carbon atoms per function group and a molecular weight from 50,000 to 6 million such that the composition in the form of an aqueous gel or pourable aqueous dispersion has a viscosity of about 1 to 20,000 cps.; and a particulate cation exchange resin at a concentration of from about 0.05% to 10.0% by weight, the composition having a pH of from about 3.0 to 8.5.
8. The compositions of claim 7 wherein the particulate cation exchange resin is in the form of a finely divided powder, said powder consisting of spherical particles.
9. The composition of claim 8 wherein the cation exchange resin is sodium poly(styrene divinylbenzene) sulfonic acid and the beta blocker is betaxolol.
10. A composition according to claim 7 wherein the beta blocker is present at a concentration of about 0.25wt.%, the anionic mucomimetic polymer is present at a concentration of about 0.20wt% and the cation exchange resin is present at a concentration of about 0.25wt%.
11. A sustained release ophthalmic pharmaceutical composition in the form of an aqueous gel, a pourable aqueous dispersion, or anhydrous salt, for controlling and lowering intraocular pressure comprising:
a therapeutically effective amount of a beta blocker;
an amount of an anionic mucomimetic polymer having carboxylic acid functional groups which comprise from 2 to 7 carbon atoms per functional group and a molecular weight of from 50,000 to 6 million such that the composition in the form of an aqueous gel or pourable aqueous dispersion has a viscosity of about 1 to about 20,000cps, and sodium poly(-styrenedivinylbenzene) sulfonic acid at a concentration of from about 0.05% to 10.0% by weight, the composition having a pH of from about 3.0 to 8.5.
12. The composition according to claim 11 wherein the composition is an aqueous dispersion.
13. A composition acording to claim 11 wherein the beta blocker is betaxolol and is present at a concentration of from about 0.01 to 4.0 wt %.
14. A composition according to claim 11 wherein the anionic mucomimetic polymer comprises carbomer.
15. A composition according to claim 11 wherein the beta blocker is betaxolol and is present at a concentration of about 0.25 wt %, the anionic mucomimetic polymer is carbomer present at a concentration of about 0.20 wt %, and the sulfonic acid is present at a concentration of about 0.25 wt %.
16. The composition of claim 11 wherein the particulate cation exchange resin is in the form of a finely divided powder, said powder consisting of spheroidal particles.
17. The composition according to claim 11, wherein the anionic mucomimetic polymer is a carboxy vinyl polymer.
18. The composition according to claim 17, wherein the carboxy vinyl resin is Carbopol 934.
19. The composition according to claim 17, wherein the carboxy vinyl resin is Carbopol 940.
20. The composition according to claim 11, further comprising an antimicrobial preservative.
21. The composition according to claim 20, wherein the antimicrobial preservative is benzalkonium chloride.
22. The composition according to claim 11, further comprising a tonicity agent.
23. The composition according to claim 22, wherein the tonicity agent is mannitol.
CA002004468A 1984-10-31 1989-12-01 Sustained release, comfort formulation for glaucoma therapy Expired - Lifetime CA2004468C (en)

Priority Applications (10)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US07/154,514 US4911920A (en) 1986-07-30 1988-02-05 Sustained release, comfort formulation for glaucoma therapy
AU45753/89A AU621692B2 (en) 1986-07-30 1989-11-30 Sustained release, comfort formulation for glaucoma therapy
CA002004468A CA2004468C (en) 1988-02-05 1989-12-01 Sustained release, comfort formulation for glaucoma therapy
DE68913979T DE68913979T2 (en) 1988-02-05 1989-12-01 Medicinal preparations containing delayed release of active substances containing cation exchange resins and carboxyl-containing synthetic resins.
IL9252789A IL92527A (en) 1988-02-05 1989-12-01 Opthalmic pharmaceutical composition for glaucoma therapy
EP89312590A EP0429732B1 (en) 1986-07-30 1989-12-01 Sustained-release compositions containing cation exchange resins and polycarboxylic polymers
JP1321616A JPH0725698B2 (en) 1984-10-31 1989-12-13 Formulation for the treatment of glaucoma with sustained release and comfortable application
US08/334,512 US5554367A (en) 1984-10-31 1994-11-04 Compositions for treatment of glaucoma
US08/396,284 US5635172A (en) 1984-10-31 1995-02-27 Sustained release comfort formulation for glaucoma therapy
HK135695A HK135695A (en) 1986-07-30 1995-08-24 Sustained-release compositions containing cation exchange resins and polycarboxylic polymers

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US07/154,514 US4911920A (en) 1986-07-30 1988-02-05 Sustained release, comfort formulation for glaucoma therapy
CA002004468A CA2004468C (en) 1988-02-05 1989-12-01 Sustained release, comfort formulation for glaucoma therapy
IL9252789A IL92527A (en) 1988-02-05 1989-12-01 Opthalmic pharmaceutical composition for glaucoma therapy
JP1321616A JPH0725698B2 (en) 1984-10-31 1989-12-13 Formulation for the treatment of glaucoma with sustained release and comfortable application
HK135695A HK135695A (en) 1986-07-30 1995-08-24 Sustained-release compositions containing cation exchange resins and polycarboxylic polymers

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CA2004468A1 CA2004468A1 (en) 1991-06-01
CA2004468C true CA2004468C (en) 1996-10-01

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CA002004468A Expired - Lifetime CA2004468C (en) 1984-10-31 1989-12-01 Sustained release, comfort formulation for glaucoma therapy

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US (2) US4911920A (en)
EP (1) EP0429732B1 (en)
AU (1) AU621692B2 (en)
CA (1) CA2004468C (en)
DE (1) DE68913979T2 (en)
HK (1) HK135695A (en)
IL (1) IL92527A (en)

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