CA1308671C - Collapsible hollow articles with improved latching and dispensing configurations - Google Patents
Collapsible hollow articles with improved latching and dispensing configurationsInfo
- Publication number
- CA1308671C CA1308671C CA000548743A CA548743A CA1308671C CA 1308671 C CA1308671 C CA 1308671C CA 000548743 A CA000548743 A CA 000548743A CA 548743 A CA548743 A CA 548743A CA 1308671 C CA1308671 C CA 1308671C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- bellows
- inner fold
- conical
- sidewall
- sections
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D1/00—Containers having bodies formed in one piece, e.g. by casting metallic material, by moulding plastics, by blowing vitreous material, by throwing ceramic material, by moulding pulped fibrous material, by deep-drawing operations performed on sheet material
- B65D1/40—Details of walls
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D1/00—Containers having bodies formed in one piece, e.g. by casting metallic material, by moulding plastics, by blowing vitreous material, by throwing ceramic material, by moulding pulped fibrous material, by deep-drawing operations performed on sheet material
- B65D1/02—Bottles or similar containers with necks or like restricted apertures, designed for pouring contents
- B65D1/0223—Bottles or similar containers with necks or like restricted apertures, designed for pouring contents characterised by shape
- B65D1/0292—Foldable bottles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D1/00—Containers having bodies formed in one piece, e.g. by casting metallic material, by moulding plastics, by blowing vitreous material, by throwing ceramic material, by moulding pulped fibrous material, by deep-drawing operations performed on sheet material
- B65D1/32—Containers adapted to be temporarily deformed by external pressure to expel contents
- B65D1/323—Containers adapted to be temporarily deformed by external pressure to expel contents the container comprising internally a dip tube through which the contents pass
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S215/00—Bottles and jars
- Y10S215/90—Collapsible wall structure
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S215/00—Bottles and jars
- Y10S215/902—Vent
Abstract
COLLAPSIBLE HOLLOW ARTICLES WITH IMPROVED
LATCHING AND DISPENSING CONFIGURATIONS
Abstract Hollow articles such as plastic bottles and tubes having a portion of the sidewall including latching bellows, are formed with modified inner and outer fold rings to reduce the angular flexure between unfolded and folded (latched) bellow walls. The bellow walls are modified by reducing the slope of the walls as they approach the inner fold rings to thereby reduce the unfolded (unflexed) angle between the walls at the inner fold rings.
The modified geometry permits better utilization of high density linear polymer plastics by lessening or preventing the "crystalline" fracturing and lamination at the inner fold ring with the first latching of the bellows. The bottle material is therefore no longer weakened at the inner fold ring. The modified geometry also permits use of low density polymer plastics and rubber for latching bellows with thicknesses and geometries that otherwise would tend to eventually spring back rather than latch. Also disclosed are dispensers incorporating combinations of latching and non-latching bellows with a raised base.
LATCHING AND DISPENSING CONFIGURATIONS
Abstract Hollow articles such as plastic bottles and tubes having a portion of the sidewall including latching bellows, are formed with modified inner and outer fold rings to reduce the angular flexure between unfolded and folded (latched) bellow walls. The bellow walls are modified by reducing the slope of the walls as they approach the inner fold rings to thereby reduce the unfolded (unflexed) angle between the walls at the inner fold rings.
The modified geometry permits better utilization of high density linear polymer plastics by lessening or preventing the "crystalline" fracturing and lamination at the inner fold ring with the first latching of the bellows. The bottle material is therefore no longer weakened at the inner fold ring. The modified geometry also permits use of low density polymer plastics and rubber for latching bellows with thicknesses and geometries that otherwise would tend to eventually spring back rather than latch. Also disclosed are dispensers incorporating combinations of latching and non-latching bellows with a raised base.
Description
1 30~67 1 COLLAPS~BLE HOLLOW ARTICLES WITH IMPROVED
LATCHING AND DISPENSING CONFlGURATlnNS
Background of the Invention The field of the invention pertains to hollow articles such as containers and tubul&r products of flexible plastic construction and, in particular, to such articles formed ~7ith a plurality o~ sidewnll bellows to permit collapse of the cont~iner or tubular product. An example of such u container product is disclosed in applicant's U.S. Pat.
4,492,313 reissued as IJ.S. Pet. Re 32,379. A number of other exalnples of collapsible containers are disclosed in the numerous references cited in applicant's reissue patent above.
Bottles manufactured according to applicant's above patent have proven to be suecessful for a nurnber of plastic materials, however, the folding ac~ion causes sorne plastic materials to crack or craze at the inner fold rings producing grey or cloudy rings in otherwise clear bottles~ The cracking or crazing is caused by severe angular deformation of the pl~stic material at the inner fold rings. While not detracting from the visual appearance OI the bottles, the crncking and crazing weakens some bottles although permitting the bottles to fold ~nd latch more easily.
More particularly, as an example, high density polyethylelle bottles possess improved latching subseguent to the first or initial collapse after manufacture and the strength o~ the bottle is not seriously irnpaired. Polyvinyl chloride bottles, however, are weakened at the inner fold rings after the initial collapse that splits the plastic material. Reusing these bottles therefore would be inadvisable.
Bottles blown from elastomeric materials, polyethylene tereptllal~te alld low density plastics generally do not laminate or craze at the inner fold rings wlth the initial ~ 1 30~67 1 ,~
collapse of the bottle. The bottles ret&in their strength but, as a result, the latching effect is impaired and the coll~pse of the botUes is not ~s effective as with the hi~h density p]astics.
With a view tow~rd making the l~tching effect for collapsible bottles and other hol]ow articles more effective for a gre~ter v~riety of plastic mRterials, Rpplicant has developed the improvements disclosed below.
~ummRry of the Invention Further improvements to the l~tehing bellows of ho]low srti~les such &S p]flStiC
~ottles and tubes include R portion of the bellows sidewall formed with modified inner fold rings. The bellow walls are modified by reducing the slope of the walls ~s they 0pproach the inner fold rings to thereby reduce the unfolded (unflexed) ~ngle between the walls at the inner fuld rings. The slope~ of the w~lls oî the bellows ~re otherwise unchanged with the exception of the ~reas immediately adj6cent the inner fold rings.
The change in volume or change in length of the hollow article remnins subst~ntially the same with the modified inner fold rings~
The modified geometry permit3 better utlll~ation of h~gh den~ity lin~r polymer plnstics by lessening or pre~renting the crystallin~ ~r~cturing at the inner fold rings with the first latching of the bellow~. The bottle material is not weakened ~t the inner fold rings by fr~cturing becRuse the plQstic materi~l 19 not deformed beyond the elR!~tiC
limit. Nevertheless, the îolding nnd latching of the bellows remaills unimpalred. With the modified inner fold rings high density linear polyethylene and polyvinyl chloride plastics c~n be more widely exploited for foldlng bottles and other hollow articles.
~ 130~671 ~
The modified geometry also permits use of low density polymer plastics, elastomers and rubber materials that otherwise would f~il to positively Intch and therefore spring bsck to uncoll~psed condition. Surprisingly, the modified geometry to improve the latching effeet of the bellows by reducing the deformation of relMtively rigid plastics above, a~so improves the latching effect of relatively soft an(l elastic materia]s by reducing the deformation at the inner îold rings. In both cnses tlle inner fold ring is formed or molded with a very Inrge engle ~approaching 360) on the inside of the bottle or hollow Qrticle. Only a few deKrees or less are avnilable for deformation during folding with the balanee o~ the neeessary deformation distributed in the bellow walls approaching the inner fold rings.
As an example of a hollow arti~le utilizing the modified latching bellows in combinntion with non-latching bellows a dispensing bottle is disclosed. Although the di~pen~ing bottle i9 dlsclosed wlth the modified latching bellow~ Or ~his ~ppllc~tion, the Intching bellows oî applicQnt's abo~re noted pHtent may be utilized. Thus, A wide vnriety of bottle materials are av~ ble arld suitable for 3uch a dispensing bottle.
Description of the Drawin~s.
FlGs. Ia and Ib are schem&tic p~rti~l seetion~ of an unmodified latching bellows at the inner fold ring;
FlGs. 2a and 2b are schematic p~rtial sections of a modified latching bellow~ at the inner fold ring;
FICs. 3a and 3b are schematic partial sections Or nn alternate form of the moclified latching bellows at the inner fold ring;
l3n~67l ~
FlGs. 4n and 4b are partial cross-sections of a hoIlow nrticle incorporHting the mndified bellows;
FIG. 5 is u cross-section of a dispensing bottle incorpor~ting the modified,b.ellows;
nnd FIC. 6 is ~ cros~s-se~tion Or the di.spensing bottle fully collupsed.
_escriptio!ls of The Preferred EmbodimerIts.
Illustrated in F1as. 1~ and lb are the unfolded E~nd folded nngular rela~ions between two bellow sidew~lls 10 Qnd 12 at the inner fold ring 14. The acute Mngle 16 which m~y be typically about 90 is toward the outside and the supplcmcntnry angle 18 Or about 270 is toward the inside or QXiA 1 l of a substantially cylindrical hollow article. Upon latching collap~e the ~cute ~ngle lfi m~y be typically 5~ wIth the supplementary angle 18 increasing to 355#. Th~ 85~ chQnge in angle at the inner fold ring c~uses ~ substantial deformation of the plastic material at the inner fold ring. The angles are shown exp~lnded in the intere~ts of clarity. With certain materi~ls cryst~llization or lamin~tion and microscopic ~plitting occur at the inner fold ring 14 assisting to make the beIlows latch more securely ~nd to remain latched.
A freshly m~de hollow ~rticle before the f~r~t coll~pse requires substantil311y more effort io collapse because the inner fold rings ~re und~mflged by erystallizMtion, cracking and crnzing ~nd therefore do not ~ct effectively 25 hinges. With the initial collapse and substflntial deformation of the inner ~old ring, the fold ring becomes a hinge that no longer requires the relatively high effort to deform. As n result the bellow~ deform ~nd Intch more easily and securely. The small rndius at the inner fold ring of a freshly made hol]ow article is believed to shurpen with the first collapse. The Mbove effect cMn best t 30867 1 be utilized only for plasLic resins th~t crystallize ~uch as some gr~des of high density polypropylene ~lnd polyvinyl chloride. However, for some gr~des of polyvinyl chloride the crystfllliz~tion and crAcking imp~irs the usefulness oî the hollow article by we~kening the side wall at the inner fold rings more than i9 a~ceptable especially if rnultiple flexings of the bottles are required ~s in the e~se of extending a bottle for filling after the bottle htls been ~tored and transported collQpsed.
Rel~tively more elQstie plastic materi~ls ~nd, in p~rticul~r, pl~stics which d-> not erystallize and crack with the deformation of the bellows inner fold rings, do not latch as effectively because the inner fold rlng~ are not weakened to form hinges. Repeated collap~es require substantially the s~me e~fort. The inherent memory of the resin remains and resists the latched state of the bottle. The only ~pproved resin for carbonated bever~ges, polyethylene terepthalate, does not crystallize and would not likely form the necessnry hinged inner fold rin¢s îor best l~tehing action.
In FIG~. 2a and 2b the modified ~ngular rel~tion~hips of the two be110w sidewalls are illustrated in the un~olded ~nd in the folded or latched po~ition. In the unfolded position the side walls 20 and 22, may retflin the s~me angul~r relationship as above whlch i~ about 90 and the ~ame Angular relationships 13 and 15 to the ~enterline 11.
Ad~acent the inner fold rlng ~rea the ~ide WAllS 20 and 22 change in angulQr rel~tionship ~qt 24 and 26 respectively as shown by the ~ngle~ of nbout 140 in each sidewnll. The tran~ition need not be a ~harp change but may be u sm~oth trQnsition curvature. As a result the as molded and unfolded angle 28 between the ~idewQlls at the inner fold rings i9 about 10 (exaggerflted ror clarity).
With foldlng to the l~tched position a~ ~hown in FIG. 2b, the Qngle 28 decrease~ to about 5 and the angles at 24 and 26 ~ncrease to about 160. The Elngular relationships of 1 3n~67l the sidewalls at the inner fold ring 14 to the centerline 11 are increased a5 shown at 37 ~nd 19. The deform~ltion at the inner fold rings, howe~rer, is grestly decreased. In th~
unmodified inner fold ring illustr~tion oî FIG. I the angular decre~e is from 90 to 5 or to about one eighteenth. In the modified inner fold ring illustration of PIG. 2, the angular decrease is from 10 to 5 or to about one half. At angles 24 and 26 the increase of 20 is a very small deform~tion spread over ~ rel~tively large area of side wall. The modified inner fold ring of EIG. 2 and PIG. 3 below tends to be thinner in wall thickness because of the mold configuration a~ the parison i~ blown ~g~inst the bottle mold in making the bottle. The thinning repl~ees the hinging action of the unmodified inner fold ring.
In FIGs. 3~ and 3b the modified Inner fold ring ~ngular rel~tionship is taken to the limit by forming thc inner fold ring into ~ "U" ~ection with the flng]e 30 effectvely 0 ~t the inner fold ring. The Qngle between the bulk of each ~idewall 32 and 34 rem~ins typically abollt 90, however, the angulQr ch~nge ~t angles 36 and 38 is greater in the unfolded nnd as molded condition. The elastic deform~tion ~t angles 3~ and 38 upon folding and Intching is incre~ed slightly over that in the ex~mple of FIG.2, however, the deform~tion remains only c small deformation spre~d over a rel~tively large area.
The drastic reduction in de~ormntion reduces the - weakne~s cau~ed by crystallization and cr~cking of the rel~tively rigid plastic materials and, ~uprisingly, permits the non-crystallizing very elastic pla~tics to be effectively utilized for latching bellows in hollow article~. In the l~tter c~se of the elastic plastics, the small deformations do not store sufIicient elQstic energy to self unlatch the beIlows from the l~tched condition. In the former case of the relatively rigid plastics, the deformation is insufficient to impair the strength of the plastic side w~ t or neEIr the inner fold rings.
ll3ns67l ~
]n FIGs. 4Q and 4b Q mul~iple bellow section of a hollow substanti~lly cylindrical article is illustrflted. The inner fold rings 90 may be of either configuration illustrated i1 Fl(~s. 2 and 3 or of ~pplicant's previous configur~tion in FIG. 1. Thc bellows retain t~e unequ~l side wfllls 42 Qnd 44, however, the vuter fold rings 46 ~re moclified by providing A
definite inner radius 48 rMther than a relatively sharp anglc. A sharply edged outer fold ring provides a concentrated contsct surface more readily subject to damHge and puncture from mishund1ing during manufactur1ng, ~torage, filling flnd tran~portation.
~eing at the maximum dktmeter the wall thickne~s tends to be least at the outer fold rings. The modification 48 to îhe outer fold rings 46 decreases the concentrflted contact to lessen the likelihoocl of damQge.
The bellows configur~tion for hollow article~ and, in p~rticular bottle~ Rnd j~rs, increflses the rigidity and strength of the slde wall in comparison to ~q strQight wall bu-with an increase typicQlly of 10 to 40 percent in material. Because of the bellows configuration, the bottles pertorm better in drop test~ than convention~l bottles bec~use of a cu~hioning ~ction created by the bellows ~imil~r to a ~pring bouncing from the ground.
As shown in FIG~. 4a ~nd 4b the bellow~ collapse and latch in the s~me menner despite the modified outer fold rings 4B. The con~iguration of the inner fold rings 40 h~
been found to be much rnore critic~l to the proper latchirg of the unequal side wall bellows configurQtion thQn the configuration of the outer fold rings 46.
The dispensing bottle pictured in FIG~. 5 ~nd 6 depicts ~n applicetion of non-latch1ng 50 flnd lfllching 52 bellow side WflllS to fl hollow substantially cylindrical article. The top 54 Or the dispensing bottle includes a dispensing opening or nozzle 56 and ~n area 58 upon which the user cQn press down. The top 54 may be nttached to the 1 30867 1 ~
bottle by E~ny conventional me~ns such ~s ~crew threads or detents molded into the top tmd the eng~ging por~ion of the bottle.
In most ~pplications and dependin~ on the nature of the bottle contents the noz7.1~
56 extends into the contents ~s shown at 60 And the contents flll the bottle to about the level of the non-lRtching bellows 50. As shown the non-latching bellows 50 ~re locQted above the latching bellows 52, however, the non-latching bellow.s in some ~pplicAtions m~y be located bclow the l~tching bellows or intermediate upper and lower portions of side w~l] l~tching bellows.
By pressing down Qt 58 the contents are dispensed through the opening 56. Air is admitted into the bottle through ~ convention~l one WQy vnlve 62 to permit the non-l~tching bellows 50 to return to relaxed state after rele~se at 58. With repe~lted dispensing the latching bellows 52 c~n be collapsed as the contents are dispensed until fully latched as shown in ~IG. 6. To rninimize non~ispensed contents the bottle is formed with an elevated bnse 64 around which the latching bellows collap~e ~s shown in FIG. 6. The elevated base 64 may be formed with ~ special movable mold section as the dispensing bottle is blow molded or the base may be a separ~te part sonically welded into an open bottom of the bottle. The elev~ted b~se may al90 be formed as 8 bistable protrusion from the bottom of the bottle as molded and then snapped up inside the baLse after molding and cooling of the bottle.
B
LATCHING AND DISPENSING CONFlGURATlnNS
Background of the Invention The field of the invention pertains to hollow articles such as containers and tubul&r products of flexible plastic construction and, in particular, to such articles formed ~7ith a plurality o~ sidewnll bellows to permit collapse of the cont~iner or tubular product. An example of such u container product is disclosed in applicant's U.S. Pat.
4,492,313 reissued as IJ.S. Pet. Re 32,379. A number of other exalnples of collapsible containers are disclosed in the numerous references cited in applicant's reissue patent above.
Bottles manufactured according to applicant's above patent have proven to be suecessful for a nurnber of plastic materials, however, the folding ac~ion causes sorne plastic materials to crack or craze at the inner fold rings producing grey or cloudy rings in otherwise clear bottles~ The cracking or crazing is caused by severe angular deformation of the pl~stic material at the inner fold rings. While not detracting from the visual appearance OI the bottles, the crncking and crazing weakens some bottles although permitting the bottles to fold ~nd latch more easily.
More particularly, as an example, high density polyethylelle bottles possess improved latching subseguent to the first or initial collapse after manufacture and the strength o~ the bottle is not seriously irnpaired. Polyvinyl chloride bottles, however, are weakened at the inner fold rings after the initial collapse that splits the plastic material. Reusing these bottles therefore would be inadvisable.
Bottles blown from elastomeric materials, polyethylene tereptllal~te alld low density plastics generally do not laminate or craze at the inner fold rings wlth the initial ~ 1 30~67 1 ,~
collapse of the bottle. The bottles ret&in their strength but, as a result, the latching effect is impaired and the coll~pse of the botUes is not ~s effective as with the hi~h density p]astics.
With a view tow~rd making the l~tching effect for collapsible bottles and other hol]ow articles more effective for a gre~ter v~riety of plastic mRterials, Rpplicant has developed the improvements disclosed below.
~ummRry of the Invention Further improvements to the l~tehing bellows of ho]low srti~les such &S p]flStiC
~ottles and tubes include R portion of the bellows sidewall formed with modified inner fold rings. The bellow walls are modified by reducing the slope of the walls ~s they 0pproach the inner fold rings to thereby reduce the unfolded (unflexed) ~ngle between the walls at the inner fuld rings. The slope~ of the w~lls oî the bellows ~re otherwise unchanged with the exception of the ~reas immediately adj6cent the inner fold rings.
The change in volume or change in length of the hollow article remnins subst~ntially the same with the modified inner fold rings~
The modified geometry permit3 better utlll~ation of h~gh den~ity lin~r polymer plnstics by lessening or pre~renting the crystallin~ ~r~cturing at the inner fold rings with the first latching of the bellow~. The bottle material is not weakened ~t the inner fold rings by fr~cturing becRuse the plQstic materi~l 19 not deformed beyond the elR!~tiC
limit. Nevertheless, the îolding nnd latching of the bellows remaills unimpalred. With the modified inner fold rings high density linear polyethylene and polyvinyl chloride plastics c~n be more widely exploited for foldlng bottles and other hollow articles.
~ 130~671 ~
The modified geometry also permits use of low density polymer plastics, elastomers and rubber materials that otherwise would f~il to positively Intch and therefore spring bsck to uncoll~psed condition. Surprisingly, the modified geometry to improve the latching effeet of the bellows by reducing the deformation of relMtively rigid plastics above, a~so improves the latching effect of relatively soft an(l elastic materia]s by reducing the deformation at the inner îold rings. In both cnses tlle inner fold ring is formed or molded with a very Inrge engle ~approaching 360) on the inside of the bottle or hollow Qrticle. Only a few deKrees or less are avnilable for deformation during folding with the balanee o~ the neeessary deformation distributed in the bellow walls approaching the inner fold rings.
As an example of a hollow arti~le utilizing the modified latching bellows in combinntion with non-latching bellows a dispensing bottle is disclosed. Although the di~pen~ing bottle i9 dlsclosed wlth the modified latching bellow~ Or ~his ~ppllc~tion, the Intching bellows oî applicQnt's abo~re noted pHtent may be utilized. Thus, A wide vnriety of bottle materials are av~ ble arld suitable for 3uch a dispensing bottle.
Description of the Drawin~s.
FlGs. Ia and Ib are schem&tic p~rti~l seetion~ of an unmodified latching bellows at the inner fold ring;
FlGs. 2a and 2b are schematic p~rtial sections of a modified latching bellow~ at the inner fold ring;
FICs. 3a and 3b are schematic partial sections Or nn alternate form of the moclified latching bellows at the inner fold ring;
l3n~67l ~
FlGs. 4n and 4b are partial cross-sections of a hoIlow nrticle incorporHting the mndified bellows;
FIG. 5 is u cross-section of a dispensing bottle incorpor~ting the modified,b.ellows;
nnd FIC. 6 is ~ cros~s-se~tion Or the di.spensing bottle fully collupsed.
_escriptio!ls of The Preferred EmbodimerIts.
Illustrated in F1as. 1~ and lb are the unfolded E~nd folded nngular rela~ions between two bellow sidew~lls 10 Qnd 12 at the inner fold ring 14. The acute Mngle 16 which m~y be typically about 90 is toward the outside and the supplcmcntnry angle 18 Or about 270 is toward the inside or QXiA 1 l of a substantially cylindrical hollow article. Upon latching collap~e the ~cute ~ngle lfi m~y be typically 5~ wIth the supplementary angle 18 increasing to 355#. Th~ 85~ chQnge in angle at the inner fold ring c~uses ~ substantial deformation of the plastic material at the inner fold ring. The angles are shown exp~lnded in the intere~ts of clarity. With certain materi~ls cryst~llization or lamin~tion and microscopic ~plitting occur at the inner fold ring 14 assisting to make the beIlows latch more securely ~nd to remain latched.
A freshly m~de hollow ~rticle before the f~r~t coll~pse requires substantil311y more effort io collapse because the inner fold rings ~re und~mflged by erystallizMtion, cracking and crnzing ~nd therefore do not ~ct effectively 25 hinges. With the initial collapse and substflntial deformation of the inner ~old ring, the fold ring becomes a hinge that no longer requires the relatively high effort to deform. As n result the bellow~ deform ~nd Intch more easily and securely. The small rndius at the inner fold ring of a freshly made hol]ow article is believed to shurpen with the first collapse. The Mbove effect cMn best t 30867 1 be utilized only for plasLic resins th~t crystallize ~uch as some gr~des of high density polypropylene ~lnd polyvinyl chloride. However, for some gr~des of polyvinyl chloride the crystfllliz~tion and crAcking imp~irs the usefulness oî the hollow article by we~kening the side wall at the inner fold rings more than i9 a~ceptable especially if rnultiple flexings of the bottles are required ~s in the e~se of extending a bottle for filling after the bottle htls been ~tored and transported collQpsed.
Rel~tively more elQstie plastic materi~ls ~nd, in p~rticul~r, pl~stics which d-> not erystallize and crack with the deformation of the bellows inner fold rings, do not latch as effectively because the inner fold rlng~ are not weakened to form hinges. Repeated collap~es require substantially the s~me e~fort. The inherent memory of the resin remains and resists the latched state of the bottle. The only ~pproved resin for carbonated bever~ges, polyethylene terepthalate, does not crystallize and would not likely form the necessnry hinged inner fold rin¢s îor best l~tehing action.
In FIG~. 2a and 2b the modified ~ngular rel~tion~hips of the two be110w sidewalls are illustrated in the un~olded ~nd in the folded or latched po~ition. In the unfolded position the side walls 20 and 22, may retflin the s~me angul~r relationship as above whlch i~ about 90 and the ~ame Angular relationships 13 and 15 to the ~enterline 11.
Ad~acent the inner fold rlng ~rea the ~ide WAllS 20 and 22 change in angulQr rel~tionship ~qt 24 and 26 respectively as shown by the ~ngle~ of nbout 140 in each sidewnll. The tran~ition need not be a ~harp change but may be u sm~oth trQnsition curvature. As a result the as molded and unfolded angle 28 between the ~idewQlls at the inner fold rings i9 about 10 (exaggerflted ror clarity).
With foldlng to the l~tched position a~ ~hown in FIG. 2b, the Qngle 28 decrease~ to about 5 and the angles at 24 and 26 ~ncrease to about 160. The Elngular relationships of 1 3n~67l the sidewalls at the inner fold ring 14 to the centerline 11 are increased a5 shown at 37 ~nd 19. The deform~ltion at the inner fold rings, howe~rer, is grestly decreased. In th~
unmodified inner fold ring illustr~tion oî FIG. I the angular decre~e is from 90 to 5 or to about one eighteenth. In the modified inner fold ring illustration of PIG. 2, the angular decrease is from 10 to 5 or to about one half. At angles 24 and 26 the increase of 20 is a very small deform~tion spread over ~ rel~tively large area of side wall. The modified inner fold ring of EIG. 2 and PIG. 3 below tends to be thinner in wall thickness because of the mold configuration a~ the parison i~ blown ~g~inst the bottle mold in making the bottle. The thinning repl~ees the hinging action of the unmodified inner fold ring.
In FIGs. 3~ and 3b the modified Inner fold ring ~ngular rel~tionship is taken to the limit by forming thc inner fold ring into ~ "U" ~ection with the flng]e 30 effectvely 0 ~t the inner fold ring. The Qngle between the bulk of each ~idewall 32 and 34 rem~ins typically abollt 90, however, the angulQr ch~nge ~t angles 36 and 38 is greater in the unfolded nnd as molded condition. The elastic deform~tion ~t angles 3~ and 38 upon folding and Intching is incre~ed slightly over that in the ex~mple of FIG.2, however, the deform~tion remains only c small deformation spre~d over a rel~tively large area.
The drastic reduction in de~ormntion reduces the - weakne~s cau~ed by crystallization and cr~cking of the rel~tively rigid plastic materials and, ~uprisingly, permits the non-crystallizing very elastic pla~tics to be effectively utilized for latching bellows in hollow article~. In the l~tter c~se of the elastic plastics, the small deformations do not store sufIicient elQstic energy to self unlatch the beIlows from the l~tched condition. In the former case of the relatively rigid plastics, the deformation is insufficient to impair the strength of the plastic side w~ t or neEIr the inner fold rings.
ll3ns67l ~
]n FIGs. 4Q and 4b Q mul~iple bellow section of a hollow substanti~lly cylindrical article is illustrflted. The inner fold rings 90 may be of either configuration illustrated i1 Fl(~s. 2 and 3 or of ~pplicant's previous configur~tion in FIG. 1. Thc bellows retain t~e unequ~l side wfllls 42 Qnd 44, however, the vuter fold rings 46 ~re moclified by providing A
definite inner radius 48 rMther than a relatively sharp anglc. A sharply edged outer fold ring provides a concentrated contsct surface more readily subject to damHge and puncture from mishund1ing during manufactur1ng, ~torage, filling flnd tran~portation.
~eing at the maximum dktmeter the wall thickne~s tends to be least at the outer fold rings. The modification 48 to îhe outer fold rings 46 decreases the concentrflted contact to lessen the likelihoocl of damQge.
The bellows configur~tion for hollow article~ and, in p~rticular bottle~ Rnd j~rs, increflses the rigidity and strength of the slde wall in comparison to ~q strQight wall bu-with an increase typicQlly of 10 to 40 percent in material. Because of the bellows configuration, the bottles pertorm better in drop test~ than convention~l bottles bec~use of a cu~hioning ~ction created by the bellows ~imil~r to a ~pring bouncing from the ground.
As shown in FIG~. 4a ~nd 4b the bellow~ collapse and latch in the s~me menner despite the modified outer fold rings 4B. The con~iguration of the inner fold rings 40 h~
been found to be much rnore critic~l to the proper latchirg of the unequal side wall bellows configurQtion thQn the configuration of the outer fold rings 46.
The dispensing bottle pictured in FIG~. 5 ~nd 6 depicts ~n applicetion of non-latch1ng 50 flnd lfllching 52 bellow side WflllS to fl hollow substantially cylindrical article. The top 54 Or the dispensing bottle includes a dispensing opening or nozzle 56 and ~n area 58 upon which the user cQn press down. The top 54 may be nttached to the 1 30867 1 ~
bottle by E~ny conventional me~ns such ~s ~crew threads or detents molded into the top tmd the eng~ging por~ion of the bottle.
In most ~pplications and dependin~ on the nature of the bottle contents the noz7.1~
56 extends into the contents ~s shown at 60 And the contents flll the bottle to about the level of the non-lRtching bellows 50. As shown the non-latching bellows 50 ~re locQted above the latching bellows 52, however, the non-latching bellow.s in some ~pplicAtions m~y be located bclow the l~tching bellows or intermediate upper and lower portions of side w~l] l~tching bellows.
By pressing down Qt 58 the contents are dispensed through the opening 56. Air is admitted into the bottle through ~ convention~l one WQy vnlve 62 to permit the non-l~tching bellows 50 to return to relaxed state after rele~se at 58. With repe~lted dispensing the latching bellows 52 c~n be collapsed as the contents are dispensed until fully latched as shown in ~IG. 6. To rninimize non~ispensed contents the bottle is formed with an elevated bnse 64 around which the latching bellows collap~e ~s shown in FIG. 6. The elevated base 64 may be formed with ~ special movable mold section as the dispensing bottle is blow molded or the base may be a separ~te part sonically welded into an open bottom of the bottle. The elev~ted b~se may al90 be formed as 8 bistable protrusion from the bottom of the bottle as molded and then snapped up inside the baLse after molding and cooling of the bottle.
B
Claims (32)
1. A collapsible hollow article having a substantially cylindrical side wall about an axis and formed with a plurality of substantially circular bellows, the bellows formed by alternating short and long conical sections with the short conical sections having the bulk of the section sidewalls at a greater angle to the axis of the cylindrical sidewall than the bulk of the section sidewalls of the long conical sections, and the short and long conical sections extending to outer and inner fold rings integral with the conical sections, the improvement comprising an increase in the conical section sidewall angle to the axis for at least one conical section adjacent the inner fold ring of the conical section.
2. The collapsible hollow article of Claim 1 wherein a plurality of the conical section sidewalls each include an area adjacent the respective inner fold ring at an angle to the axis greater than the angle to the axis of the bulk of the conical section sidewall.
3. The collapsible hollow article of Claim 2 wherein both the long and short conical sections include areas adjacent the inner fold rings at angles to the axis greater than the angles to the axis of the bulk of the conical section sidewalls.
4. The collapsible hollow article of Claim 1 wherein the angle between the long and short conical sections at at least one inner fold ring immediately adjacent the inner fold ring is approximately 10° in uncollapsed condition.
5. The collapsible hollow article of Claim 1 wherein the angle between the long and short conical sections at at least one inner fold ring immediately adjacent the inner fold ring is approximately 0° in uncollapsed condition.
6. The collapsible hollow article of Claim 1 wherein at least some of said conical sections flex from the uncollapsed to the collapsed position to provide an overcentering of the bellows during collapse thereby latching the bellows in the collapsed position.
7. The collapsible hollow article of Claim 6 wherein a portion of the bellows are non-latching upon collapse.
8. The collapsible hollow article of Claim 1 wherein a plurality of the conical section sidewalls each include an area adjacent the respective inner fold ring at an angle to the axis greater than the angle to the axis of the bulk of the conical section sidewall and at least some of said plurality flex from the uncollapsed to the collapsed position to provide an overcentering of the bellows during collapse thereby latching the bellows in the collapsed position.
9. A collapsible hollow article having a sidewall substantially comprising a surface of revolution about an axis, at least a portion of said sidewall formed into a plurality of bellows extending therearound, said bellows comprising upwardly and downwardly pointed substantially conical sections joined by outer and inner fold rings, wherein the angles to the axis of the conical section sidewalls at the inner fold rings are substantially greater than the angles to the axis of the same conical section sidewalls over the bulk of each conical section.
10. The collapsible hollow article of Claim 9 wherein the bulk angle between adjacent conical section sidewalls is roughly perpendicular and the angle between the same adjacent conical section sidewalls at the inner fold ring approaches 0°.
11. The collapsible hollow article of Claim 9 wherein the bulk angle between adjacent conical section sidewalls is roughly perpendicular and the angle between the same adjacent conical section sidewalls at the inner fold ring is approximately 10°
12. The collapsible hollow article of Claim 9 wherein the bulk change of angle between adjacent conical section sidewalls is upon collapse multiple times the change of angle between the same adjacent conical section sidewalls at the inner fold ring upon collapse.
13. The collapsible hollow article of Claim 12 wherein one of said adjacent conical section sidewalls flexes from the uncollapsed to the collapsed position to provide an overcentering of the bellows during collapse thereby latching the bellows in the collapsed position.
14. The collapsible hollow article of Claim 9 wherein outer fold rings joining adjacent conical section sidewalls are formed with a pronounced inner radius.
15. The collapsible hollow article of Claim 9 wherein at least a portion of the plurality of bellows are formed with one of each pair of adjacent conical section sidewalls adapted to flex from the uncollapsed to the collapsed position to provide an overcentering of the bellows sidewall.
16. The collapsible hollow article of Claim 15 including at least one non-latching collapsible bellow.
17. A container comprising a top and bottom, a sidewall joining the top to the bottom, said sidewall comprising a plurality of substantially circular bellows, a portion of said circular bellows non-latching upon collapse with the balance of said circular bellows latchable upon collapse, and wherein the sidewalls of the bellows are substantially conical sections, the adjacent sidewalls of both the latching and non-latching bellows having angles therebetween substantially equal, inner and outer fold rings joining adjacent bellow sidewalls, the inner fold rings of the latching bellows having the angle between the pairs of adjacent bellow sidewalls at the inner fold rings substantially less than the angles between the bulk of the bellow sidewalls of the same pairs.
18. The container of Claim 17 including dispensing means extending through the top of said container, said non-latching bellows being adjacent the top of the container.
19. The container of Claim 18 including an elevated base in the bottom of the container.
20. The container of Claim 17 including an elevated base in the bottom of the container.
21. The container of Claim 17 wherein the sidewalls of the bellows are substantially conical sections, the adjacent sidewalls of non-latching bellows being of substantially the same height and the adjacent sidewalls of the latching bellows of substantially unequal height whereby the shorter sidewalls of the latching bellows flex to provide overcentering of the bellows during collapse and a positive latch.
22. A collapsible hollow article having a sidewall substantially comprising a surface of revolution about an axis, at least a portion of said sidewall formed into a plurality of bellows extending therearound, said bellows comprising upwardly and downwardly pointed substantially conical sections joined by outer and inner fold rings, the conical sections joining at outer fold rings being of unequal height and the outer fold rings being substantially radiused, the conical sections joining at inner fold rings being of unequal height and the inner fold rings retaining substantially fixed diameters whereby the shorter conical sections flex to provide overcentering of the bellows during collapse and a positive latch.
23. A collapsible hollow article having a circumferential sidewall and formed with a plurality of circumferential bellows, the bellows formed by generally conical sidewall sections, said conical sidewall sections extending to outer and inner fold rings integral with the conical sidewall sections, the improvement comprising an included angle between the sidewall sections adjacent at least one fold ring differing from the included angle between the sidewall sections at a substantial distance from the fold ring.
24. The collapsible hollow article of claim 3 wherein the included angle between the sidewall sections adjacent the fold ring is less than the included angle between the sidewall sections at a substantial distance from the fold ring.
25. The collapsible hollow article of claim 23 wherein the conical sidewall sections are substantially equal.
26. The collapsible hollow article of claim 23 having the sidewall substantially comprising a surface of revolution about an axis, the outer fold rings being substantially radiused relative to the inner fold rings.
27. A collapsible hollow article having a circumferential sidewall, at least a portion of said sidewall formed into a plurality of bellows extending therearound, said bellows comprising generally conical sidewall sections joined by outer and inner fold rings, the outer fold rings being substantially radiused relative to the inner fold rings and the inner fold rings retaining substantially fixed diameters during collapse.
28. The collapsible hollow article of claim 27 wherein the included angle between the conical sidewall sections adjacent the inner fold rings differs from the included angle between the conical sidewall sections at a substantial distance from the inner fold rings.
29. The collapsible hollow article of claim 27 wherein the included angle between the conical sidewall sections adjacent the inner fold rings is less than the included angle between the conical sidewall sections at a substantial distance from the inner fold rings.
30. A collapsible hollow article having a circumferential sidewall and formed with a plurality of circumferential bellows in the sidewall, the bellows being formed by sloping sidewall sections, the sloping sidewall sections extending to outer and inner fold rings integral with the sloping sidewall sections and the sloping sidewall sections joining at the inner fold rings being unequal in height whereby the shorter sloping sidewall sections flex to provide overcentering of the bellows and a positive latch during collapse and, the inner fold rings being grooved to provide collapse at the inner fold rings.
31. The collapsible hollow article of claim 30 wherein the inner fold rings retain a substantially fixed open area within the hollow article during collapse.
32. The collapsible hollow article of claim 30 wherein at least a portion of the circumferential sidewall about the article is formed of conical sections.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US916,528 | 1986-10-08 | ||
| US06/916,528 US4773458A (en) | 1986-10-08 | 1986-10-08 | Collapsible hollow articles with improved latching and dispensing configurations |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1308671C true CA1308671C (en) | 1992-10-13 |
Family
ID=25437416
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000548743A Expired - Fee Related CA1308671C (en) | 1986-10-08 | 1987-10-07 | Collapsible hollow articles with improved latching and dispensing configurations |
Country Status (22)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4773458A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0263536A3 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR970002206B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1016594B (en) |
| AR (1) | AR245062A1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU611390B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8703073A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1308671C (en) |
| DD (1) | DD275029A5 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK366187A (en) |
| FI (1) | FI873117A (en) |
| HU (1) | HUT52441A (en) |
| IL (1) | IL84115A (en) |
| MA (1) | MA21079A1 (en) |
| MC (1) | MC1933A1 (en) |
| MX (1) | MX171767B (en) |
| NO (1) | NO872935L (en) |
| PL (1) | PL268115A1 (en) |
| PT (1) | PT85324A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1988002726A1 (en) |
| YU (1) | YU186787A (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA877526B (en) |
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| CA688612A (en) * | 1964-06-16 | Parker Carol | Collapsible containers | |
| GB862795A (en) * | 1958-06-12 | 1961-03-15 | Bodin Girin & Cie Tissus Ind | Tubular members provided with corrugated walls and method for producing same |
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| US3390821A (en) * | 1966-09-28 | 1968-07-02 | Mullan Joseph | Collapsible container |
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| FR1527170A (en) * | 1967-04-20 | 1968-05-31 | Moulinex Sa | Flexible tube |
| FR2076210A5 (en) * | 1970-01-06 | 1971-10-15 | Delaby Francois | |
| DE2042593A1 (en) * | 1970-08-27 | 1972-03-16 | Hefendehl, Hansfriedrich, 5893 Kierspe | Sheath body made of hard elastic plastic |
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-
1986
- 1986-10-08 US US06/916,528 patent/US4773458A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1987
- 1987-06-04 AR AR87307839A patent/AR245062A1/en active
- 1987-06-19 BR BR8703073A patent/BR8703073A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-06-25 KR KR1019870006463A patent/KR970002206B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1987-07-14 PT PT85324A patent/PT85324A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1987-07-14 EP EP87201334A patent/EP0263536A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1987-07-14 AU AU75615/87A patent/AU611390B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1987-07-14 NO NO872935A patent/NO872935L/en unknown
- 1987-07-14 FI FI873117A patent/FI873117A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-07-14 DK DK366187A patent/DK366187A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1987-08-03 MX MX007565A patent/MX171767B/en unknown
- 1987-10-06 IL IL84115A patent/IL84115A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-10-06 DD DD87307713A patent/DD275029A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-10-07 ZA ZA877526A patent/ZA877526B/en unknown
- 1987-10-07 MA MA21320A patent/MA21079A1/en unknown
- 1987-10-07 WO PCT/US1987/002569 patent/WO1988002726A1/en unknown
- 1987-10-07 HU HU875514A patent/HUT52441A/en unknown
- 1987-10-07 CA CA000548743A patent/CA1308671C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1987-10-07 MC MC872569D patent/MC1933A1/en unknown
- 1987-10-08 CN CN87107832A patent/CN1016594B/en not_active Expired
- 1987-10-08 PL PL1987268115A patent/PL268115A1/en unknown
- 1987-10-08 YU YU01867/87A patent/YU186787A/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| PL268115A1 (en) | 1988-09-15 |
| HUT52441A (en) | 1990-07-28 |
| KR890000318A (en) | 1989-03-13 |
| DK366187D0 (en) | 1987-07-14 |
| PT85324A (en) | 1988-11-30 |
| WO1988002726A1 (en) | 1988-04-21 |
| DD275029A5 (en) | 1990-01-10 |
| ZA877526B (en) | 1988-07-27 |
| BR8703073A (en) | 1988-05-24 |
| IL84115A0 (en) | 1988-03-31 |
| EP0263536A2 (en) | 1988-04-13 |
| IL84115A (en) | 1991-04-15 |
| MX171767B (en) | 1993-11-15 |
| NO872935L (en) | 1988-04-11 |
| EP0263536A3 (en) | 1989-03-22 |
| AU611390B2 (en) | 1991-06-13 |
| MA21079A1 (en) | 1988-07-01 |
| CN87107832A (en) | 1988-06-15 |
| MC1933A1 (en) | 1989-05-19 |
| YU186787A (en) | 1989-02-28 |
| NO872935D0 (en) | 1987-07-14 |
| FI873117A (en) | 1988-04-09 |
| KR970002206B1 (en) | 1997-02-25 |
| DK366187A (en) | 1988-04-09 |
| CN1016594B (en) | 1992-05-13 |
| US4773458A (en) | 1988-09-27 |
| FI873117A0 (en) | 1987-07-14 |
| AU7561587A (en) | 1988-04-14 |
| AR245062A1 (en) | 1993-12-30 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| MKLA | Lapsed |