CA1306503C - Shared data/voice communication system with programmable data priority - Google Patents
Shared data/voice communication system with programmable data priorityInfo
- Publication number
- CA1306503C CA1306503C CA000587017A CA587017A CA1306503C CA 1306503 C CA1306503 C CA 1306503C CA 000587017 A CA000587017 A CA 000587017A CA 587017 A CA587017 A CA 587017A CA 1306503 C CA1306503 C CA 1306503C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- voice
- data
- accordance
- mode
- communication
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
- H04W88/02—Terminal devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W76/00—Connection management
- H04W76/10—Connection setup
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W74/00—Wireless channel access, e.g. scheduled or random access
- H04W74/08—Non-scheduled or contention based access, e.g. random access, ALOHA, CSMA [Carrier Sense Multiple Access]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
- H04W88/02—Terminal devices
- H04W88/06—Terminal devices adapted for operation in multiple networks or having at least two operational modes, e.g. multi-mode terminals
Abstract
CM00421H ABSTRACT A shared data/voice communication system wherein data traffic may be guaranteed priority at a set, but programmable, level of system capacity and wherein interference between such data and voice traffic is effectively minimized. The system operates on standardized channel access rules in the data mode, as well as requesting permission to operate in the voice mode, which if granted, effects a specific protocol to condition the system for voice traffic and manage the same during such pendency. Long and short timers are selectively activated depending upon whether the system is in the voice or data mode to minimize collisions of the system radio data terminals requesting channel access.
Description
13~6~03 SHARED DATA/~OICE COMMUNICATION SYSTEM WITH
PROGRAMMABLE DATA PRIORITY
Background of the In~ention o5 This invention relates in general to communication systems and more particularly to a shared data/voice communication system wherein the data capacity may be programmed and maintained as desired and also wherein interference between voice and data traffic is effectively minimized.
Communication systems which process data information are becoming more and more common in the industry. In point of fact, systems which handle data only are relatively wide spread. Typically such radio data systems comprise a base station with full duplex capability, a network control processor (NCP), front end to a system host computer, and a plurality of portable radio data terminals operating in half duplex mode.
A9 may be expected, suitable channel access protocol arrangements are required to minimize terminal interference and keep the system operating with optimum efficiency~ To this end, a protocol has been developed which has en~oyed wide spread application, referred to in the literature as "non-persistent busy tone (bit) multiple access". Basically, the protocol permits ohannel contention between radio data terminals. When one such terminal gains channel access and begins to transmit data, the base station informs/advises the other system data terminals of such by way of setting "inhibit bits" at predetermined locations or positions in the outbound data stream. When a data terminal encounters these inhibit bits, it waits for a random time before contending again for access to the channel. In this 13~6S(~
PROGRAMMABLE DATA PRIORITY
Background of the In~ention o5 This invention relates in general to communication systems and more particularly to a shared data/voice communication system wherein the data capacity may be programmed and maintained as desired and also wherein interference between voice and data traffic is effectively minimized.
Communication systems which process data information are becoming more and more common in the industry. In point of fact, systems which handle data only are relatively wide spread. Typically such radio data systems comprise a base station with full duplex capability, a network control processor (NCP), front end to a system host computer, and a plurality of portable radio data terminals operating in half duplex mode.
A9 may be expected, suitable channel access protocol arrangements are required to minimize terminal interference and keep the system operating with optimum efficiency~ To this end, a protocol has been developed which has en~oyed wide spread application, referred to in the literature as "non-persistent busy tone (bit) multiple access". Basically, the protocol permits ohannel contention between radio data terminals. When one such terminal gains channel access and begins to transmit data, the base station informs/advises the other system data terminals of such by way of setting "inhibit bits" at predetermined locations or positions in the outbound data stream. When a data terminal encounters these inhibit bits, it waits for a random time before contending again for access to the channel. In this 13~6S(~
way, the sy~tem operates with minimum interference and an orderly proce6s iR established for all participating data terminal~ in the ~ystem to ut~lize the available capacity.
It should be noted that in such radio data systems, the informa~ion being communicated is in fact data. Without more, voice, or analog information, as such is not compatible. There are occasions, however, and increasingly so, where voice communications is very much desired. In some cases, it is absolutely essential.
Of course, the user can communicate by voice with a separate mobile or portable unit operating on a completely different channel and/or communication syst~m.
As will be readily recognized, such option is quite expensive and, at the same time, inefficient.
There are, o~ cour~e, 6ystems that accommodate both voice and data on the same system, and even the same channel. ~owever, these are primarily voice systems adapted to also accommodate in limited terms the transmission of data. They are primarily designed to effect channel management with suitable voice protocol arrangements which are not efficient for data management.
Moreover, such systems have no means of guaranteeing the sy~tem will be used for a minimum level data transmission. Voice communication can and does frequently dominate system usage entirely.
What is needed s the ability to add to an existing e~ficiently operated data communication system the capability of voice communication a well, without changing the data access protocol being used therein.
The addition of the voice communication capability should in no way increase the level of interference on such channel when units are operated in either voice or data 13~65~)3 mode. Moreover, there need~ to be an effective means and method of guaranteeing that specific but programmable levels o~ data capacity are being utilized ~y the system 05 even though lt is shared by both the voice and data txaffic.
Summary of the Invention Accordingly, it is an object o~ the present invention to provide a radio data communication system operating with a conventional channel access protocol, with an added voice communication capability without increasing a certain minimum level of interference.
A more particular object of the present invention is to provide a shared data and voice communication system of the foregoing type wherein the system radio data termin~l units operating in data mode continue to utilize the conventional or standard channel access protocol 80 as not to impair system efficiency in that mode.
A still further object of the present invention is to provide a shared data and voice communication sy3tem of the foregoing type wherein programmable but specific, and thus guaranteed, levels of usage of the communication channel arc provided for data transmission and processing.
In practicing the invention, a shared data and voice communication system i8 provided which has a centrally located base station controlled by a network control processor, as well as a plurality of data terminals with voice capability. The system operates with a predetermined channel access protocol in the data mode and wherein data priority is maintained for a set but programmable level of data usage. The system 13~6503 includes mean~ in each of the data terminals for requesting voice mode for the communication system. And in the network control proce~sor, suitable means are included for granting such requests, inhibiting all other 05 system terminals from sending data messages during the pendency of the requesting terminal operating in the voice mode, as well as means ~or terminating the voice mode operation at an appropriate time and returning the base station to data mode only operation. The network control processor also includes means for maintaining a set programmable level of data traffic for the communicatlon system by not granting any voica mode requests wherever and whenever the programmed level of data traffic has not been reached as programmed.
Brief Description of the Drawinqs Figure l is a block diagram of a conventional data only communication ~ystem which may be considered as known in the art;
Figure 2 is a block diagram of a shared voice and data communication system which has been constructed in accordance with the present invention;
Figure 3 is a further block diagram in more detail of the communication system of Figure 2 showing a more detailed interconnection between the constituent elements thereof;
Figure 4 is a diagramic representation of a request by a portable terminal for a grant by the central network control proce6sor/base station and the associated protocol for operating the communications system in voice mode.
13~65()3 Figure 5 is a flow chart of the channel access procedure effected by the system radio data terminal~ in data voice and data modes:
05 Figure 6 is a flow diagram of the voice call assignment procedure effected by the NCP for granting or not granting a voice request;
Figure 7 is a state diagram of a portable radio data terminal operating in the data and voice modes with transition therebetween;
Figure 8 is a state diagram of the network control processor and base station operating in the data and voice modes with transition therebetween;
Brief Descri~tion of the Preferred Embodiment Referring now to the drawings, a typical radio data only communication system 10, which may be considered as known in the art, is illustrated in block form in Figure 1. The system has a centrally located base station 12, comprising a transmitter 14 and receiver 16, operating in full duplex mode, which communicates with, by modem 18, and is controlled by, a network control processor (NCP) 20. The NCP in turn communicates with a host computer 22 as indicated. A plurality of portable radio data terminals 24 are also a part of the system 10, operating in half duplex mode.
As previously mentioned, a standard channel access protocol has been devised for managing the data communication ByStem 10 of the above type described. The radio data terminals 24 individually seek channel access by transmitting data packets on the inbound channel. The base station/NCP 20 informs/advise the other (and listening~ system terminals 24 of this fact by setting 13~6S03 bits located at predetermined positions in the outbound stream. These bits may be referred to as "inhibit bits"
and corre pond to a conventional busy tone. If another terminal has a data message to be sent, it first monitors 05 the channel and will sense the inhibit bits when set.
Upon such occurring, the terminal waits a random time after which it monitors the channel again. This random time may be referred to as the inhibit delay time and is uniformly distributed between zero and some given time T, usually set to substantially correspond to the average inbound data packet length. At some point, perhaps after repeated attempt~, the referenced terminal will find or sense no inhibit bits and will be free to transmit its intended data message packet.
The system 10 in Figure 1 operates efficiently and effectively, but is capable of data only communication.
For the reasons set forth in the background section previously, there is in many instances a need for voice capability as well. Note that it is a need for voice capability in essentially a system designed for proces~ing data and not vice versa. It i~ not a system intended for voice communications only at the inception and, subsequently, where the capability of processing data is added.
The data system of the present invention, which permits limited voice communications, is set forth diagrammatically in Figure 2, which system has been constructed in accordance with the precepts of the present invention. In broad terms, the system 30 of Figure 2 i8 much like that of Figure 1 in that a centrally located base station 32 is provided comprised of a receiver 34 and transmitter 36. Modem 38 permits communication with the NCP 40 which in turn communicates with a host computer 42. A plurality of portable/mobile 13~6503 radio data terminals 44 are also in integral part of the system. In this case, ra~io data terminals 44 are also capable of voice tran mission and have a microphone (not shown) with a push-to-talk switch. Further, as a part o~
05 the arrangement ~or effecting voice capability, the tone remote console (TRC) 46 and remote console 48 i8 provided.
A more detailed representation of the system 30 is shown in Figure 3. In addition to the previously referenced component parts, system 30 includes limited distance modems (LDM) 50 perm~tting communications between the NCP 40 and host computer 42 on a full duplex basis and are of the type referenced as HDLC ABM modem~
operating with the capability of 9.6 Xilobits. A general communications controller (GCC) 54 is located at the base site intercoupled to the NCP through associated modems.
Mode~ 38 of Figure 2 is shown as a pair of modems in Figure 3, which are also of the HDLC ABM type with 9.6 kilobits capability. Wire lines indicated at 52 constitute a four-wire TELC0 circuit to permit full duplex communications between base station 32 and NCP 40.
A two-wire, voice grade, line 56 connects the TRC 46 with the remote console 48. Finally, a scroll mode terminal 58 is provided which i9 coupled by an RS-232 link 60 to the NCP 40. Data information is passed between the NCP
40 and the base station 32 via modems 38 and wire line 52 while voice communication is processed by the dispatcher at con olel 48 over wire line 52 to the base station 32.
Terminal 58 permits the dispatcher to keep track of the dat~ or voice mode the system is operating on as well as the identity o~ the user utilizing the system at any particular moment in time.
It will be recalled that system 32 is primarily designed to process data. Further, it operates with a 13~S03 specific channel access protocol as previously described in managing the data traffic over the system. Ev~n though system 32 has been givlen the capability of voice transmisaion in accordance with the present invention, it 05 is to retain such channel access protocol for handling the data but make provision for permitting and managing voice traffic as well. Accordingly, in the first instance, the portable radio data terminal 44 must request authorization to operate in the voice mode by first sending a request to talk (RTT) in the form of a data packet essentially in the same way as it does for data. Upon receipt at the base station 32, a decision by the NCP 40 must be made whether to grant such request.
If in the affirmative, a suitable protocol arrangement must be initiated to grant the request and manage the ensuing voice communication while keeping other radio data terminals from attempting to communicate during the pendency of such voice message.
This is depicted graphically in Figure 4 showing the neces~ary step~ to initiate voice communication by a particular radio data terminal 44 and the ensuing protocol to establish the ~ame and manage the system.
The radio data terminal 44 initiates the request by pUshing a voice request button on the terminal at step 62 which effects transmission of the appropriate data packet interpreted as a request to talk (RTT). Upon receipt at the base station and routed to the NCP a decision is made by it whether or not to assign the system channel to voice. The factors for making this decision will be discussed subsequently. If the decision is in the affirmative, the grant is made at step 64. Upon receipt by the portable radio data terminal 44, it acknowledges back the grant at step 66.
13~65(~;~
It should be noted that in such radio data systems, the informa~ion being communicated is in fact data. Without more, voice, or analog information, as such is not compatible. There are occasions, however, and increasingly so, where voice communications is very much desired. In some cases, it is absolutely essential.
Of course, the user can communicate by voice with a separate mobile or portable unit operating on a completely different channel and/or communication syst~m.
As will be readily recognized, such option is quite expensive and, at the same time, inefficient.
There are, o~ cour~e, 6ystems that accommodate both voice and data on the same system, and even the same channel. ~owever, these are primarily voice systems adapted to also accommodate in limited terms the transmission of data. They are primarily designed to effect channel management with suitable voice protocol arrangements which are not efficient for data management.
Moreover, such systems have no means of guaranteeing the sy~tem will be used for a minimum level data transmission. Voice communication can and does frequently dominate system usage entirely.
What is needed s the ability to add to an existing e~ficiently operated data communication system the capability of voice communication a well, without changing the data access protocol being used therein.
The addition of the voice communication capability should in no way increase the level of interference on such channel when units are operated in either voice or data 13~65~)3 mode. Moreover, there need~ to be an effective means and method of guaranteeing that specific but programmable levels o~ data capacity are being utilized ~y the system 05 even though lt is shared by both the voice and data txaffic.
Summary of the Invention Accordingly, it is an object o~ the present invention to provide a radio data communication system operating with a conventional channel access protocol, with an added voice communication capability without increasing a certain minimum level of interference.
A more particular object of the present invention is to provide a shared data and voice communication system of the foregoing type wherein the system radio data termin~l units operating in data mode continue to utilize the conventional or standard channel access protocol 80 as not to impair system efficiency in that mode.
A still further object of the present invention is to provide a shared data and voice communication sy3tem of the foregoing type wherein programmable but specific, and thus guaranteed, levels of usage of the communication channel arc provided for data transmission and processing.
In practicing the invention, a shared data and voice communication system i8 provided which has a centrally located base station controlled by a network control processor, as well as a plurality of data terminals with voice capability. The system operates with a predetermined channel access protocol in the data mode and wherein data priority is maintained for a set but programmable level of data usage. The system 13~6503 includes mean~ in each of the data terminals for requesting voice mode for the communication system. And in the network control proce~sor, suitable means are included for granting such requests, inhibiting all other 05 system terminals from sending data messages during the pendency of the requesting terminal operating in the voice mode, as well as means ~or terminating the voice mode operation at an appropriate time and returning the base station to data mode only operation. The network control processor also includes means for maintaining a set programmable level of data traffic for the communicatlon system by not granting any voica mode requests wherever and whenever the programmed level of data traffic has not been reached as programmed.
Brief Description of the Drawinqs Figure l is a block diagram of a conventional data only communication ~ystem which may be considered as known in the art;
Figure 2 is a block diagram of a shared voice and data communication system which has been constructed in accordance with the present invention;
Figure 3 is a further block diagram in more detail of the communication system of Figure 2 showing a more detailed interconnection between the constituent elements thereof;
Figure 4 is a diagramic representation of a request by a portable terminal for a grant by the central network control proce6sor/base station and the associated protocol for operating the communications system in voice mode.
13~65()3 Figure 5 is a flow chart of the channel access procedure effected by the system radio data terminal~ in data voice and data modes:
05 Figure 6 is a flow diagram of the voice call assignment procedure effected by the NCP for granting or not granting a voice request;
Figure 7 is a state diagram of a portable radio data terminal operating in the data and voice modes with transition therebetween;
Figure 8 is a state diagram of the network control processor and base station operating in the data and voice modes with transition therebetween;
Brief Descri~tion of the Preferred Embodiment Referring now to the drawings, a typical radio data only communication system 10, which may be considered as known in the art, is illustrated in block form in Figure 1. The system has a centrally located base station 12, comprising a transmitter 14 and receiver 16, operating in full duplex mode, which communicates with, by modem 18, and is controlled by, a network control processor (NCP) 20. The NCP in turn communicates with a host computer 22 as indicated. A plurality of portable radio data terminals 24 are also a part of the system 10, operating in half duplex mode.
As previously mentioned, a standard channel access protocol has been devised for managing the data communication ByStem 10 of the above type described. The radio data terminals 24 individually seek channel access by transmitting data packets on the inbound channel. The base station/NCP 20 informs/advise the other (and listening~ system terminals 24 of this fact by setting 13~6S03 bits located at predetermined positions in the outbound stream. These bits may be referred to as "inhibit bits"
and corre pond to a conventional busy tone. If another terminal has a data message to be sent, it first monitors 05 the channel and will sense the inhibit bits when set.
Upon such occurring, the terminal waits a random time after which it monitors the channel again. This random time may be referred to as the inhibit delay time and is uniformly distributed between zero and some given time T, usually set to substantially correspond to the average inbound data packet length. At some point, perhaps after repeated attempt~, the referenced terminal will find or sense no inhibit bits and will be free to transmit its intended data message packet.
The system 10 in Figure 1 operates efficiently and effectively, but is capable of data only communication.
For the reasons set forth in the background section previously, there is in many instances a need for voice capability as well. Note that it is a need for voice capability in essentially a system designed for proces~ing data and not vice versa. It i~ not a system intended for voice communications only at the inception and, subsequently, where the capability of processing data is added.
The data system of the present invention, which permits limited voice communications, is set forth diagrammatically in Figure 2, which system has been constructed in accordance with the precepts of the present invention. In broad terms, the system 30 of Figure 2 i8 much like that of Figure 1 in that a centrally located base station 32 is provided comprised of a receiver 34 and transmitter 36. Modem 38 permits communication with the NCP 40 which in turn communicates with a host computer 42. A plurality of portable/mobile 13~6503 radio data terminals 44 are also in integral part of the system. In this case, ra~io data terminals 44 are also capable of voice tran mission and have a microphone (not shown) with a push-to-talk switch. Further, as a part o~
05 the arrangement ~or effecting voice capability, the tone remote console (TRC) 46 and remote console 48 i8 provided.
A more detailed representation of the system 30 is shown in Figure 3. In addition to the previously referenced component parts, system 30 includes limited distance modems (LDM) 50 perm~tting communications between the NCP 40 and host computer 42 on a full duplex basis and are of the type referenced as HDLC ABM modem~
operating with the capability of 9.6 Xilobits. A general communications controller (GCC) 54 is located at the base site intercoupled to the NCP through associated modems.
Mode~ 38 of Figure 2 is shown as a pair of modems in Figure 3, which are also of the HDLC ABM type with 9.6 kilobits capability. Wire lines indicated at 52 constitute a four-wire TELC0 circuit to permit full duplex communications between base station 32 and NCP 40.
A two-wire, voice grade, line 56 connects the TRC 46 with the remote console 48. Finally, a scroll mode terminal 58 is provided which i9 coupled by an RS-232 link 60 to the NCP 40. Data information is passed between the NCP
40 and the base station 32 via modems 38 and wire line 52 while voice communication is processed by the dispatcher at con olel 48 over wire line 52 to the base station 32.
Terminal 58 permits the dispatcher to keep track of the dat~ or voice mode the system is operating on as well as the identity o~ the user utilizing the system at any particular moment in time.
It will be recalled that system 32 is primarily designed to process data. Further, it operates with a 13~S03 specific channel access protocol as previously described in managing the data traffic over the system. Ev~n though system 32 has been givlen the capability of voice transmisaion in accordance with the present invention, it 05 is to retain such channel access protocol for handling the data but make provision for permitting and managing voice traffic as well. Accordingly, in the first instance, the portable radio data terminal 44 must request authorization to operate in the voice mode by first sending a request to talk (RTT) in the form of a data packet essentially in the same way as it does for data. Upon receipt at the base station 32, a decision by the NCP 40 must be made whether to grant such request.
If in the affirmative, a suitable protocol arrangement must be initiated to grant the request and manage the ensuing voice communication while keeping other radio data terminals from attempting to communicate during the pendency of such voice message.
This is depicted graphically in Figure 4 showing the neces~ary step~ to initiate voice communication by a particular radio data terminal 44 and the ensuing protocol to establish the ~ame and manage the system.
The radio data terminal 44 initiates the request by pUshing a voice request button on the terminal at step 62 which effects transmission of the appropriate data packet interpreted as a request to talk (RTT). Upon receipt at the base station and routed to the NCP a decision is made by it whether or not to assign the system channel to voice. The factors for making this decision will be discussed subsequently. If the decision is in the affirmative, the grant is made at step 64. Upon receipt by the portable radio data terminal 44, it acknowledges back the grant at step 66.
13~65(~;~
The data terminal then waits for further action by the NCP 40. The NCP ends all data activity on the channel and then initiate~ voice mode by fir~t transmitting a supervisory, sub-audible code signal (SC) 05 at step 68. The sub-audible code may be either a tone or a digital signal as desired. Upon receipt thereof by the radio data terminal ~4, voice communication may commence and i effected upon the push-to-talk switch (not shown) being activated at step 70. This cauces the voice message to be transmitted along with the subaudible code signal. If the dispatcher wishes to send a voice message back to th~ radio data terminals, the same is likewise transmitted along with the subaudible code signal as indicated at step 72.
The voice activity continues until completed or is terminated by predetermined conditions. In general, voice activity may be terminated by any of the following:
(a) overall call length time limit being exceeded; (b) voice inactivity time out being reached; (c) being terminated at the option of the dispatcher at his or her discretion; or (d) by being preempted by an emergency call.
In this manner, the overall system 30 operates with either data or voice, but continues to function effectively using the standard data channel access rules.
The system radio data terminals 44 may not transmit voice until a request is made to do so using a data message indicating such request. When, and only when, such request is granted, may the reguesting terminal transmit voice, and even here, only after the NCP converts the system to voics mode operation and indicates such by transmitting a supervisory, subaudible code signal. The other radio data terminals in the system are prevented from accessing the channel during the pendency of either 13~f~503 a data or voice message. Whi.le data is on the system channel the inhibit bits are set in the outbound data stream as previously described and will cause another radio data terminal when it monitors the channel to wait 05 a random time be~ore it attempts access again. Likewise, if a data terminal, when monitoring a channel, encounters voice, such terminal will again wait a random time be~ore attempting to acces~ again. It should be pointed out, however, since voice activity inherently results in a lo longer use of the channel, that the random times waited by other radio terminals attempting access must necessarily be longer when the system is operating with voice communication. In other words, the inhibit times should be longer for voice operation than for data. ~his is depicted in the flow chart as shown in Figure 5.
As shown therein, when a message is ready to be sent by a radio data terminal 44 at step 80, the channel i8 monitored to determine if the inhibit bits are set at step 82. If yes, indicating the channel is in use for data operation, the standard (short) random inhibit timer is activated at step 84, such timer being in the range of 0 to 250 milliseconds. The terminal seeking access waits a random time within this range at step 86 and attempts channel access again at step 80. Conversely, if inhibit bits are not detected as being set (step 82) the terminal determines if voice is on the channel at step 88 and, if not, sends its message in the usual manner. I~ the voice is detected, the terminal sets the long (voice) random timer at step 92, in the range of 0 to 10 seconds, and waits a random time within that range at step 94 before again attempting channel access at step 80.
-In this way, the number of messages that may otherwise be lost due to repeated collisions for channelaccess may be significantly reduced when the system is ~3~Çii503 ~ CM00421H
sperating in the volce mode, because the "long" inhibit timer is invoked rather than the standard or short term timer utilized when in data mode since the data messages are normally much shorter in duration than voice.
As mentioned previously, one of the advantages of the system of the present invention is that it maintains a user specified maximum percent utilization of voice on the channel. This guarantees the channel will be reserved for a given level of data activity. As an example, if the maximum amount of voice traf~ic i~ chosen not to exceed 15 percent, the system will be conditioned to guarantee that 85 percent of the available time will be devoted to data traffic. of course, this ratio can be changed as needed or simply preferred.
This selection of setting the ratio of data to voice utilization i9 an important aspect in the decision by the NCP 40 in determining whether ox n,ot to immediately grant authorization or voice communication when a request i~ received ~rom a system radio data texminal 44, or, if not, to queue the request for later grant on a first in, first out basis when the request may be honored.
This decision-making process and procedure is depicted in the flow chart as shown in Figure 6. The algorithm as therein contained determines the voice call as~ignment procedure as well as maintaining the specified ratio of data to voice traffic. When a period of voice activity ends, the NCP 40 temporarily stores the duration of the voice message. It then computes a "data interval"
based on this voice message duration and the desired or specified maximum utilization of the channel for voice.
This data interval may be detel~ined as follows:
13~6~()3 Data I~n~l 3 (1 - Max. voice util.) x Volce M~ge ~tlon.
Max. Volce Util.
Any voics ~TT received during this data interval (steps 102, 104) is then queued, step 106, for later 05 processing on a ~IFO basis when voice is permitted.
There i8, of course, a minimum length to the "data interval" of several seconds to handle any data activity which may be pending as a result of voice being on the channel. This minimum data interval can be a fixed length based on estimates of the data traffic on the system, or it may be dynamically adjusted according to the NCP estimate of current "penned-up" data traffic.
Thi~ may, for example, be derived from the NCP out bound message queues.
It will be appreciated that, if the situation is such that voice may be allowed at step 104, the NCP 40 then checks to ~ee if any data message is in progress at step 108 and, if so, will delay until the current data message i~ finished at step 110. If there is no data message in process, the assignment of the channel to voice mode may then be made at 112 as de~cribed previously. The start call duration timer may be then initiated at step 114 if there i9 no portable or dispatcher transmitting voice at step 116. The voice communication continues until such time as the repeater times out or the call duration limit has been exceeded or the dispatcher sends an abort command to terminate.
Following the ces~ation of voice communication, the channel i3 then returned to dat~ mode again at step 100'~
The portable function on voice mode is depicted in the state diagram of Figure 7. As shown, the portable while in the data mode at step 120 may assert the PTT to request permission for voice communication at step 122 13~6503 and either receives from the centrally located base station 32 a busy indication or a grant from the central base station for permis6ion to use voice communication.
05 If a bu~y indication is first received, it will be under~tood that the data terminal will awa1t an appropriate time after which the NCP 40 may determine that the grant may be made~ If so, it will be made in the manner previously discribed. If the signal from the NCP 40 cannot be received and processed, an out of range indication will be initiated. As previously indicated, th~ portable waits for a subaudible coding 6ignal in the outbound message stream to authorize transmission by the portable o~ voice communication as indicated at step 124.
The portable may receive voice by releasing the PTT and monitorlng the channel at step 126 and may reassert the PTT to further transmit voice communication by reverting back to step 124. If, however, the portable, in ~ monitoring the channel for voice transmission, fails to receive the same within a specified period of time as indicated at step 128, it simply returns to the data mode as indicated at step 120'.
A state transition function diagram for the fixed end is indicated in Figure 8. Assuming that the channel for system 30 is in the data mode at step 130, it will remain in such mode until a request to voice communicate is received from one of the system radio data terminals 44. Upon deciding that such voice may be allowed at that point, the NCP 40 sends out the grant and upon receiving an acknowledgment back initiates the clear down data function at step 132 where it may complete any current outbound message, cause the GCC 46 to be put in the "inhibit-on" mode as well as sending any queued acknowledgments and ensure that the subaudible coding is activated and transmitted on the outbound stream. It ~3~65(~3 then waits ~or a detect of the subaudible coding or line P~ to indicate that the inbound channel is busy with voice as indicated at step 134. ~hereafter the call may be aborted by the dispatcher or by the call duration 05 limit being exceeded, as indicated at step 136, which then causes the repeater to shut down and it will revert to the data mode at step 130 when the portable data terminal is no longer on the channel. Alternatively, if after detecting voice on the channel at step 134, and the call i8 not specifically aborted, the NCP 40 will monitor the inbound channel, and if subaudible coding or no line PTT is detected, the inbound channel will be determined as not busy and may either, after a repeater drop out time has expired, revert to the clear down voice mode at step 138, or, if the subaudible coding is received before that time, revert back to step 134 where the inbound channel is determined as active and voic8 i~ on the channel. Assuming that step 138 has been reached, the repeater will then be turned of~ and the system will wa.it for any voice in a predetermined window after which it is returned to the data mode at step 130.
Accordingly, a shared data/voice communication 6ystem has been described wherein interference between data and voice mode operation is effectively minimized while at the same time guaranteeing that a set level of system capacity is reserved for data only traffic. The system operates without change on standard data channel access rule~ or protocol at all times except when a voice transmission has been authorized and is in fact taking place, wherein the speciali~ed voice management protocol takes effect. Long and short delay timers are included in the portable radio data terminals regarding random times the terminals are to wait, depending on whether the system is in voice or data mode, before attempting channel access and thereby minimize message interference 130~S03 as a result of excessive coll~sions when att~mpting such access. In this way, any 3yste~n radio data terminal may request, and when granted, communicate a voice me3sage to the central ba~e station. In like manner, portable-to-05 portable selective calls may be initiated as well as portable in~tiated group call~, dispatcher initiated selective calls, dispatcher initiated group calls, portable initiated emergency calls when the channel is in data mode, and portable initiated emergency calls when the channel i6 in voice mode.
The voice activity continues until completed or is terminated by predetermined conditions. In general, voice activity may be terminated by any of the following:
(a) overall call length time limit being exceeded; (b) voice inactivity time out being reached; (c) being terminated at the option of the dispatcher at his or her discretion; or (d) by being preempted by an emergency call.
In this manner, the overall system 30 operates with either data or voice, but continues to function effectively using the standard data channel access rules.
The system radio data terminals 44 may not transmit voice until a request is made to do so using a data message indicating such request. When, and only when, such request is granted, may the reguesting terminal transmit voice, and even here, only after the NCP converts the system to voics mode operation and indicates such by transmitting a supervisory, subaudible code signal. The other radio data terminals in the system are prevented from accessing the channel during the pendency of either 13~f~503 a data or voice message. Whi.le data is on the system channel the inhibit bits are set in the outbound data stream as previously described and will cause another radio data terminal when it monitors the channel to wait 05 a random time be~ore it attempts access again. Likewise, if a data terminal, when monitoring a channel, encounters voice, such terminal will again wait a random time be~ore attempting to acces~ again. It should be pointed out, however, since voice activity inherently results in a lo longer use of the channel, that the random times waited by other radio terminals attempting access must necessarily be longer when the system is operating with voice communication. In other words, the inhibit times should be longer for voice operation than for data. ~his is depicted in the flow chart as shown in Figure 5.
As shown therein, when a message is ready to be sent by a radio data terminal 44 at step 80, the channel i8 monitored to determine if the inhibit bits are set at step 82. If yes, indicating the channel is in use for data operation, the standard (short) random inhibit timer is activated at step 84, such timer being in the range of 0 to 250 milliseconds. The terminal seeking access waits a random time within this range at step 86 and attempts channel access again at step 80. Conversely, if inhibit bits are not detected as being set (step 82) the terminal determines if voice is on the channel at step 88 and, if not, sends its message in the usual manner. I~ the voice is detected, the terminal sets the long (voice) random timer at step 92, in the range of 0 to 10 seconds, and waits a random time within that range at step 94 before again attempting channel access at step 80.
-In this way, the number of messages that may otherwise be lost due to repeated collisions for channelaccess may be significantly reduced when the system is ~3~Çii503 ~ CM00421H
sperating in the volce mode, because the "long" inhibit timer is invoked rather than the standard or short term timer utilized when in data mode since the data messages are normally much shorter in duration than voice.
As mentioned previously, one of the advantages of the system of the present invention is that it maintains a user specified maximum percent utilization of voice on the channel. This guarantees the channel will be reserved for a given level of data activity. As an example, if the maximum amount of voice traf~ic i~ chosen not to exceed 15 percent, the system will be conditioned to guarantee that 85 percent of the available time will be devoted to data traffic. of course, this ratio can be changed as needed or simply preferred.
This selection of setting the ratio of data to voice utilization i9 an important aspect in the decision by the NCP 40 in determining whether ox n,ot to immediately grant authorization or voice communication when a request i~ received ~rom a system radio data texminal 44, or, if not, to queue the request for later grant on a first in, first out basis when the request may be honored.
This decision-making process and procedure is depicted in the flow chart as shown in Figure 6. The algorithm as therein contained determines the voice call as~ignment procedure as well as maintaining the specified ratio of data to voice traffic. When a period of voice activity ends, the NCP 40 temporarily stores the duration of the voice message. It then computes a "data interval"
based on this voice message duration and the desired or specified maximum utilization of the channel for voice.
This data interval may be detel~ined as follows:
13~6~()3 Data I~n~l 3 (1 - Max. voice util.) x Volce M~ge ~tlon.
Max. Volce Util.
Any voics ~TT received during this data interval (steps 102, 104) is then queued, step 106, for later 05 processing on a ~IFO basis when voice is permitted.
There i8, of course, a minimum length to the "data interval" of several seconds to handle any data activity which may be pending as a result of voice being on the channel. This minimum data interval can be a fixed length based on estimates of the data traffic on the system, or it may be dynamically adjusted according to the NCP estimate of current "penned-up" data traffic.
Thi~ may, for example, be derived from the NCP out bound message queues.
It will be appreciated that, if the situation is such that voice may be allowed at step 104, the NCP 40 then checks to ~ee if any data message is in progress at step 108 and, if so, will delay until the current data message i~ finished at step 110. If there is no data message in process, the assignment of the channel to voice mode may then be made at 112 as de~cribed previously. The start call duration timer may be then initiated at step 114 if there i9 no portable or dispatcher transmitting voice at step 116. The voice communication continues until such time as the repeater times out or the call duration limit has been exceeded or the dispatcher sends an abort command to terminate.
Following the ces~ation of voice communication, the channel i3 then returned to dat~ mode again at step 100'~
The portable function on voice mode is depicted in the state diagram of Figure 7. As shown, the portable while in the data mode at step 120 may assert the PTT to request permission for voice communication at step 122 13~6503 and either receives from the centrally located base station 32 a busy indication or a grant from the central base station for permis6ion to use voice communication.
05 If a bu~y indication is first received, it will be under~tood that the data terminal will awa1t an appropriate time after which the NCP 40 may determine that the grant may be made~ If so, it will be made in the manner previously discribed. If the signal from the NCP 40 cannot be received and processed, an out of range indication will be initiated. As previously indicated, th~ portable waits for a subaudible coding 6ignal in the outbound message stream to authorize transmission by the portable o~ voice communication as indicated at step 124.
The portable may receive voice by releasing the PTT and monitorlng the channel at step 126 and may reassert the PTT to further transmit voice communication by reverting back to step 124. If, however, the portable, in ~ monitoring the channel for voice transmission, fails to receive the same within a specified period of time as indicated at step 128, it simply returns to the data mode as indicated at step 120'.
A state transition function diagram for the fixed end is indicated in Figure 8. Assuming that the channel for system 30 is in the data mode at step 130, it will remain in such mode until a request to voice communicate is received from one of the system radio data terminals 44. Upon deciding that such voice may be allowed at that point, the NCP 40 sends out the grant and upon receiving an acknowledgment back initiates the clear down data function at step 132 where it may complete any current outbound message, cause the GCC 46 to be put in the "inhibit-on" mode as well as sending any queued acknowledgments and ensure that the subaudible coding is activated and transmitted on the outbound stream. It ~3~65(~3 then waits ~or a detect of the subaudible coding or line P~ to indicate that the inbound channel is busy with voice as indicated at step 134. ~hereafter the call may be aborted by the dispatcher or by the call duration 05 limit being exceeded, as indicated at step 136, which then causes the repeater to shut down and it will revert to the data mode at step 130 when the portable data terminal is no longer on the channel. Alternatively, if after detecting voice on the channel at step 134, and the call i8 not specifically aborted, the NCP 40 will monitor the inbound channel, and if subaudible coding or no line PTT is detected, the inbound channel will be determined as not busy and may either, after a repeater drop out time has expired, revert to the clear down voice mode at step 138, or, if the subaudible coding is received before that time, revert back to step 134 where the inbound channel is determined as active and voic8 i~ on the channel. Assuming that step 138 has been reached, the repeater will then be turned of~ and the system will wa.it for any voice in a predetermined window after which it is returned to the data mode at step 130.
Accordingly, a shared data/voice communication 6ystem has been described wherein interference between data and voice mode operation is effectively minimized while at the same time guaranteeing that a set level of system capacity is reserved for data only traffic. The system operates without change on standard data channel access rule~ or protocol at all times except when a voice transmission has been authorized and is in fact taking place, wherein the speciali~ed voice management protocol takes effect. Long and short delay timers are included in the portable radio data terminals regarding random times the terminals are to wait, depending on whether the system is in voice or data mode, before attempting channel access and thereby minimize message interference 130~S03 as a result of excessive coll~sions when att~mpting such access. In this way, any 3yste~n radio data terminal may request, and when granted, communicate a voice me3sage to the central ba~e station. In like manner, portable-to-05 portable selective calls may be initiated as well as portable in~tiated group call~, dispatcher initiated selective calls, dispatcher initiated group calls, portable initiated emergency calls when the channel is in data mode, and portable initiated emergency calls when the channel i6 in voice mode.
Claims (24)
1. A shared data/voice communication system having a central base station controlled by a network control processor and a plurality of radio data terminals with voice capability, said system operating with a predetermined channel access protocol in the data mode and wherein data priority is maintained for a set but programmable level of data usage, comprising in combination:
means in each of the data terminals for seeking access to the communication channel and requesting voice mode operation;
means in said network control processor for granting the request, operating the central base station in voice mode and inhibiting all other system terminals from sending data messages during the pendency of said requesting terminal operating in voice mode;
means for terminating voice mode operation and returning the base station to data mode only operation; and means in said network control processor for maintaining a set, programmable level of data traffic for the communication system by denying any voice mode request by a terminal when said programmable level of data traffic has not been reached.
means in each of the data terminals for seeking access to the communication channel and requesting voice mode operation;
means in said network control processor for granting the request, operating the central base station in voice mode and inhibiting all other system terminals from sending data messages during the pendency of said requesting terminal operating in voice mode;
means for terminating voice mode operation and returning the base station to data mode only operation; and means in said network control processor for maintaining a set, programmable level of data traffic for the communication system by denying any voice mode request by a terminal when said programmable level of data traffic has not been reached.
2. A shared data/voice communication system in accordance with claim 1 wherein said means requesting voice mode operation includes means for transmitting a data packet in accordance with the standard data channel access protocol.
3. A shared data/voice communication system in accordance with claim 1 wherein said means for granting said request for voice mode operation includes means for computing a data interval and allowing voice communication only if said computed data interval has expired.
4. A shared data/voice communication system in accordance with claim 3 wherein said data interval is computed as equal to:
voice message duration where the maximum voice utilization is the programmable level of voice communication that is elected for system operation and the voice message duration is a duration of the last such message it transmitted on the system.
voice message duration where the maximum voice utilization is the programmable level of voice communication that is elected for system operation and the voice message duration is a duration of the last such message it transmitted on the system.
5. A shared data/voice communication system in accordance with claim 1 wherein said means for terminating voice mode operation includes means operating in response to either the call duration limit being exceeded, the base station timing out or the dispatcher transmits an abort command.
6. A shared data/voice communication system in accordance with claim 1 wherein said network control processor in inhibiting other system terminals during pendency of an inbound message includes means for setting inhibit bits at predetermined locations on the outbound data stream.
7. A shared data/voice communication system in accordance with claim 6 wherein said means in said radio data terminal for seeking access to the communication channel includes means for first determining if said inhibit bits are set, and if so, for initiating a short random inhibit timer, and if not, for either initiating a long random inhibit timer if voice if detected on the communication channel or sending its intended message if voice is not detected on the communication channel.
8. A shared data/voice communication system in accordance with claim 7 wherein the short random timer is in the range of 0-250 milliseconds.
9. A shared data/voice communication system in accordance with claim 7 wherein the long random timer is in the range of 0-10 seconds.
10. A shared data/voice communication system in accordance with claim 1 wherein the grant by the network control processor in response to a request for voice mode communication includes the further transmission of a subaudible code signal indicating the requesting data terminal may commence voice communication.
11. A portable radio data terminal intended for operation in standardized channel access protocol in a data communication system, which terminal is further capable of operating in voice mode, including in combination:
means for seeking access to the communication channel and requesting voice mode for the communication system by transmitting a predetermined data packet;
means for responding to a grant transmitted on an outbound data stream from a centrally located base station:
means for initiating a voice message upon receipt of a subaudible code signal from the base station by retransmitting said code signal in combination with the intended voice message; and means for terminating said voice mode operation in response to the occurrence of any set, predetermined conditions.
means for seeking access to the communication channel and requesting voice mode for the communication system by transmitting a predetermined data packet;
means for responding to a grant transmitted on an outbound data stream from a centrally located base station:
means for initiating a voice message upon receipt of a subaudible code signal from the base station by retransmitting said code signal in combination with the intended voice message; and means for terminating said voice mode operation in response to the occurrence of any set, predetermined conditions.
12. A portable radio data terminal in accordance with claim 11 wherein said means for seeking access to the communication channel includes means for first determining if inhibit bits are set in the outbound stream on the communication channel, and if so, for initiating a short random inhibit timer, and if not, for either initiating a long random inhibit timer, if voice is detected on the communication channel, or sending its intended message if voice is not detected on the communication channel.
13. A portable radio data terminal in accordance with claim 12 wherein the short random timer is in the range of 0-250 milliseconds.
14. A portable radio data terminal in accordance with claim 12 wherein the long random timer is in the range of 0-10 seconds.
15. A portable radio data terminal in accordance with claim 11 wherein said means for terminating voice mode operation includes means operating in response to either of the call duration limit being exceeded, the base station timing out or the dispatcher transmitting an abort command.
16. In a shared data/voice communication system having a central base station controlled by a network control processor, a plurality of radio terminals and operating on standardized channel access protocol in the data mode, a method for permitting such radio data terminals to further operate on voice mode while maintaining a set, but programmable level for which data priority is maintained, comprising the steps of:
providing the radio data terminals with voice capabilities;
permitting any one of the radio data terminals to seek access to the communication channel and request voice mode by sending a predetermined data packet:
having the network control processor grant the request under specified conditions, operating the central base station in voice mode and inhibiting all other system terminals from sending any data messages during the pendency of the requesting terminal operating in voice mode;
terminating voice mode operation and returning the base station to data mode only operation; and having the network control processor deny any voice mode requests by any radio data terminal when said programmable level of data traffic has not been reached.
providing the radio data terminals with voice capabilities;
permitting any one of the radio data terminals to seek access to the communication channel and request voice mode by sending a predetermined data packet:
having the network control processor grant the request under specified conditions, operating the central base station in voice mode and inhibiting all other system terminals from sending any data messages during the pendency of the requesting terminal operating in voice mode;
terminating voice mode operation and returning the base station to data mode only operation; and having the network control processor deny any voice mode requests by any radio data terminal when said programmable level of data traffic has not been reached.
17. A method in accordance with claim 16 wherein the granting of said request for voice mode operation includes the step of first computing a data interval and allowing voice communication only if said computed data interval has expired.
18. A method in accordance with claim 17 wherein said data interval is computed as equal to:
voice message duration where the maximum voice utilization is the programmable level of voice communication that is elected for system operation and the voice message duration is a duration of the last such message it transmitted on the system.
voice message duration where the maximum voice utilization is the programmable level of voice communication that is elected for system operation and the voice message duration is a duration of the last such message it transmitted on the system.
19. A method in accordance with claim 16 wherein the terminating of voice mode operation may be in response to either the call duration limit being exceeded, the base station timing out or the dispatcher transmiting an abort command.
20. A method in accordance with claim 16 wherein said network control processor in inhibiting other system terminals during pendency of an inbound message is effected by setting inhibit bits at predetermined locations on the outbound data stream.
21. A method in accordance with claim 16 wherein in seeking access to the communication channel it is first determined if said inhibit bits are set, and if so, initiating a short random inhibit timer, and if not, either initiating a long random inhibit timer if voice is detected on the communication channel or sending its intended message if voice is not detected on the communication channel.
22. A method in accordance with claim 21 wherein the short random timer sets a time within the range of 0-250 milliseconds.
23. A method in accordance with claim 16 wherein the long random timer sets a time within the range of 0-10 seconds.
24. A method in accordance with claim 16 wherein the granting by the network control processor in response to a request for voice mode communication includes further transmitting a subaudible code signal indicating the requesting data terminal may commence voice communication.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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|---|---|---|---|
| US175,888 | 1988-03-31 | ||
| US07/175,888 US5115233A (en) | 1988-03-31 | 1988-03-31 | Shared data/voice communication system with programmable data priority |
Publications (1)
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|---|---|
| CA1306503C true CA1306503C (en) | 1992-08-18 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000587017A Expired - Lifetime CA1306503C (en) | 1988-03-31 | 1988-12-23 | Shared data/voice communication system with programmable data priority |
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| US (1) | US5115233A (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH01290326A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1306503C (en) |
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| CA1296773C (en) * | 1987-04-30 | 1992-03-03 | Kenneth John Zdunek | Trunked communication system for voice and data |
| US4837858A (en) * | 1987-04-30 | 1989-06-06 | Motorola, Inc. | Subscriber unit for a trunked voice/data communication system |
-
1988
- 1988-03-31 US US07/175,888 patent/US5115233A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-12-23 CA CA000587017A patent/CA1306503C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1989
- 1989-02-03 GB GB8902396A patent/GB2217149B/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-03-24 JP JP1073663A patent/JPH01290326A/en active Pending
-
1992
- 1992-10-05 GB GB9220896A patent/GB2258368B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1995
- 1995-09-21 HK HK149295A patent/HK149295A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2258368A (en) | 1993-02-03 |
| GB2217149A (en) | 1989-10-18 |
| GB9220896D0 (en) | 1992-11-18 |
| GB2258368B (en) | 1993-05-19 |
| US5115233A (en) | 1992-05-19 |
| GB8902396D0 (en) | 1989-03-22 |
| JPH01290326A (en) | 1989-11-22 |
| GB2217149B (en) | 1992-12-02 |
| HK149295A (en) | 1995-09-29 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| MKLA | Lapsed | ||
| MKLA | Lapsed |
Effective date: 20040818 |