CA1302508C - Flat biomedical electrode with reuseable lead wire - Google Patents
Flat biomedical electrode with reuseable lead wireInfo
- Publication number
- CA1302508C CA1302508C CA000542727A CA542727A CA1302508C CA 1302508 C CA1302508 C CA 1302508C CA 000542727 A CA000542727 A CA 000542727A CA 542727 A CA542727 A CA 542727A CA 1302508 C CA1302508 C CA 1302508C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- biomedical electrode
- backing
- lead wire
- aperture
- electrically conductive
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/02—Details
- A61N1/04—Electrodes
- A61N1/0404—Electrodes for external use
- A61N1/0408—Use-related aspects
- A61N1/0456—Specially adapted for transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation [TENS]
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
- A61B5/25—Bioelectric electrodes therefor
- A61B5/251—Means for maintaining electrode contact with the body
- A61B5/257—Means for maintaining electrode contact with the body using adhesive means, e.g. adhesive pads or tapes
- A61B5/259—Means for maintaining electrode contact with the body using adhesive means, e.g. adhesive pads or tapes using conductive adhesive means, e.g. gels
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/02—Details
- A61N1/04—Electrodes
- A61N1/0404—Electrodes for external use
- A61N1/0472—Structure-related aspects
- A61N1/0488—Details about the lead
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/02—Details
- A61N1/04—Electrodes
- A61N1/0404—Electrodes for external use
- A61N1/0472—Structure-related aspects
- A61N1/048—Electrodes characterised by a specific connection between lead and electrode
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/02—Details
- A61N1/04—Electrodes
- A61N1/0404—Electrodes for external use
- A61N1/0472—Structure-related aspects
- A61N1/0492—Patch electrodes
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Electrotherapy Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Abstract of the Disclosure A biomedical electrode (10) adapted to be applied to a body (34). The electrode (10) has a backing material (16), preferably foam, having an aperture (20). A protective web (12) at least partially secured to the backing material (16) covers the aperture (20). A removeable liner (18) is positioned between the protective web (12) and the backing material (16). An electrically conductive adhesive (28) is positioned adjacent the backing material (16) on the opposite side from the protective web (12). A second removeable release liner (30) is positioned adjacent the electrically conductive adhesive (28) opposite from the backing material (16). A lead wire (22) having a conductive portion (24) is insertable under the protective web (12) to be secured there upon the removal of the release liner (18), by the protective web (12) and the electrically conductive adhesive (28). A bottom release liner (30) may be removed and the biomedical electrode (10) may be secured to a body (34). The conductive portion (24) of the lead wire (22) should be silver or silver plated and preferably subjected to chloride treatment.
Description
~l659 CAN l~
~L3~25~
,. --1--FLAT BIOMEDICAL ELECTRODE WIT~I REUSEABLE LEAD WIRE
Techni.cal Field The present inventi.on relates generally to biomedical electrodes.
~ackground Art Biomedical electrodes are useful for both stimulation and body monitoring functions. Stimulati.on uses of biomedi.cal. electrodes include transcutaneous electronic nerve sti.mulation (TENS) for the treatment of pain and neuromuscu].ar st;mulation (NMS) as, for exampLe, treatment for scoljosi.s. Body monitoring uses for biomedi.cal.
el.ectrodes i.nclude e.lectrocardiogram (ECG) Eor monitori.ng heart acti.vity.
Among bi.omedical electrodes in e~istence are those of Phipps et al, Cartmell and Larimore. Phi.pps et al in United States Patent No. 3,170,459 discloses a bi.omedical i.nstrumentation electrode constructed Erom multi.ple plies of discs made from a relatively inflexjble material, i.e., cork. The electrode u-tili.zes a conductive gel to estahli.sh contact with the body. Cartmell ln United States Patent No. 4,543,958 discloses a medical electrode assembly. The electrode has a flexible, dimenslonalJ.y stable substrate which i.s str.i.ped with an e].ec-tr;.cal.ly conductive paint. The electrode is then clamped into a bulky cable connector. Larlmore i.n United States Patent No. 4,458,696 (assigned to Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company) dlscloses a TENS electrode with a rai.sed structure to permit entry of an attachment to a tùbular electri.cal.
conductor.
These electrodes sufEer from several defi.ci.enci.es incl.udi.ng that a].l are "high profile" e.l.ectrodes and that the electrodes do not "conform" well to the body.
'~
' ~iL3~ 8 2 60557-325~
For monitoring electrodes electrical currents passing through the electrodes are relatively low so that excellent electri~al ~onductivity in the electr~de ls required for proper performance, i.e., the ability of the biomedical electrode to pick up and transmit electrical signals obtained from the body. In most instances, good elec~rical performance requires that silver be utilized as a conductive element in the electrode in order to promote the proper conductivity, however, silver is an extremely expensive ingredient, the use of silver in disposable biomedical electrodes makes monitoring body functions a costly endeavour.
Disclosure of Invention The present inventlon provides a biomedical electrode which is (1) flat and conformable to the body, (2) has excellent performance required of monitoring electrodes, (3) has a disposable body contacting portion with a reuseable electrical lead wire, and (4) is cost effective because the only silver utilized in the electrode is utilized in the reuseable lead wire.
According to a broad aspect of the invention there is provided a biomedical electrode adapted to be applled to a bodyr 0 comprising:
a backing material having an aperture, having a top side adapted to be oriented away from said body and having a bottom side adapted to be oriented toward said body;
a protective web at least partially secured to said top side of said backing and covering said aperture;
a first removable liner positioned between said protective web and said backing~ said first removable liner covering at least ,. ~
~250~
~L3~25~
,. --1--FLAT BIOMEDICAL ELECTRODE WIT~I REUSEABLE LEAD WIRE
Techni.cal Field The present inventi.on relates generally to biomedical electrodes.
~ackground Art Biomedical electrodes are useful for both stimulation and body monitoring functions. Stimulati.on uses of biomedi.cal. electrodes include transcutaneous electronic nerve sti.mulation (TENS) for the treatment of pain and neuromuscu].ar st;mulation (NMS) as, for exampLe, treatment for scoljosi.s. Body monitoring uses for biomedi.cal.
el.ectrodes i.nclude e.lectrocardiogram (ECG) Eor monitori.ng heart acti.vity.
Among bi.omedical electrodes in e~istence are those of Phipps et al, Cartmell and Larimore. Phi.pps et al in United States Patent No. 3,170,459 discloses a bi.omedical i.nstrumentation electrode constructed Erom multi.ple plies of discs made from a relatively inflexjble material, i.e., cork. The electrode u-tili.zes a conductive gel to estahli.sh contact with the body. Cartmell ln United States Patent No. 4,543,958 discloses a medical electrode assembly. The electrode has a flexible, dimenslonalJ.y stable substrate which i.s str.i.ped with an e].ec-tr;.cal.ly conductive paint. The electrode is then clamped into a bulky cable connector. Larlmore i.n United States Patent No. 4,458,696 (assigned to Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company) dlscloses a TENS electrode with a rai.sed structure to permit entry of an attachment to a tùbular electri.cal.
conductor.
These electrodes sufEer from several defi.ci.enci.es incl.udi.ng that a].l are "high profile" e.l.ectrodes and that the electrodes do not "conform" well to the body.
'~
' ~iL3~ 8 2 60557-325~
For monitoring electrodes electrical currents passing through the electrodes are relatively low so that excellent electri~al ~onductivity in the electr~de ls required for proper performance, i.e., the ability of the biomedical electrode to pick up and transmit electrical signals obtained from the body. In most instances, good elec~rical performance requires that silver be utilized as a conductive element in the electrode in order to promote the proper conductivity, however, silver is an extremely expensive ingredient, the use of silver in disposable biomedical electrodes makes monitoring body functions a costly endeavour.
Disclosure of Invention The present inventlon provides a biomedical electrode which is (1) flat and conformable to the body, (2) has excellent performance required of monitoring electrodes, (3) has a disposable body contacting portion with a reuseable electrical lead wire, and (4) is cost effective because the only silver utilized in the electrode is utilized in the reuseable lead wire.
According to a broad aspect of the invention there is provided a biomedical electrode adapted to be applled to a bodyr 0 comprising:
a backing material having an aperture, having a top side adapted to be oriented away from said body and having a bottom side adapted to be oriented toward said body;
a protective web at least partially secured to said top side of said backing and covering said aperture;
a first removable liner positioned between said protective web and said backing~ said first removable liner covering at least ,. ~
~250~
3 6~557-3258 a portion of the area of said backing covered by said protective web and covering said aperture;
an electrically conductive adhesive positioned adjacent said backing on said bo~tom side of said foam backing covering said aperture;
a second removable liner positioned adjacent said electrically conductive adhesive opposite from said backing; and a lead wire having one end adapted to be positioned within said aperture from said top side of said backing so as to be 0 adhered to said electrically conductive adhesive;
whereby said second removable liner may be removed and said biomedical electrode may be applied to said body with said electrically conductive adhesive and whereby said first removable liner may be removed and said lead wire may be positioned with said one end within said aperture and secured by sa~d protective web.
In a preferred embodimen~, the lead wire is formed with a flattened disc of electrically conductive material and, in one embodiment the flattened disc is silver plated and, in a still another embodiment, has been subjected to chloride treatment. ~n one embodiment, the backing material is a foam material most preferably a polyethylene foam. In another embodiment, a pressure sensitive adhesive helps to hold the protective web to the backin~
material.
.. .... ~ .
~3~25~8 3a 60557-3258 Brief D~scrip~ion o~ the Drawinqs The foregoing advantages, construction and operation o~
the present invention will become more readily appaxent from the following description and accompanying drawings in which:
Figure 1 is an isometric view of the biomedical electrode with the removable release liner being removed and the electrical lead wire being inserted.
Figure 2 is an expanded side view of the biomedical electrode; and Figure 3 is an isometric view of the biomedical electrode attached to the body.
Detailed DescriPtion Figures 1 and 2 illustrate the basic construction of the biomedical electrode 10 of the present invention.
~ 3~2S~
- ~ - 60557-3258 A protective web 12 is applied by a pressure sensltive adhesive 1 to a backing material 16. A removable release liner 18 is positioned between the protective web 12 and its associated pressure sensitive adhesive 14 and backing material 16. Backing material 16 contains an aperture 20 which the protective web covers. An electrical lead wire 22 having a conductive portion 24 and an insulative portion 26 is insertable lnto the biomedical electrode with the conductive portion 24 of lead wire 22 position-ing itself within aperture of backing material 16. Although not absolutely required, it is preferred that lead wire 22 have an insulative portion 26 such that when the conductive portion of lead wire 22 is positioned within aperture 20 and covered with protective web 12 only the insulated portion 26 of lead wire 22 is exposed. An electrically conductive adhesive 28 is located on the backing material 16 below aperture 20. The electrically conduc-tive adhesive 28 positioned in this manner will contact the conductive portion 24 of lead wire 22 when the lead wire is inser-ted into aperture 20. A second removable release liner 30 is positioned below electrically conductive adhesive 28 to be removed before the biomedical electrode 10 is applied to the body. It is only necessary that electrically conductive adhesive 28 be positioned under aperture 20 in backiny material 16. Electrically conductive adhesive 28, of course, could cover the entire surface area of backing material 16. If this were the case, no other adhesive in the biomedical electrode would be required~ ~oweveri since electrically conductive adhesives may be more expensive than other adhesives. In a preferred embodiment, electrically conduc-tive adhesive 28 covers only the general area of backing material 16 which is under aperture 20. Another pressure sensitive adhe-sive 32 is then applied to the remainder of the surface area ofbacking material 16 to enab~e the biomedical electrode to be secured to the body when it is utilized. Alternatively pressure sensitive 3~ 8 adhesive 32 could be applied to the entire surface area of backing material 16 and the por-ti.on under aperature 20 would be removed when aperature 20 was cut into back.ing materi.al 16.
Although shown in ~enerally rectangular shape, bi.omedical electrode 10 by appropropriate sizing or tri.mmi.ng of backi.n~ materi.al 16 may be any appropriate shape desired in order to conform or be located in any particular spot on the body. Aperture 20 is shown circular i.n nature and central wi-thin backing member 16 neither is abso:lutel.y requi.red. Aperture 20 could, for example, be e].ongated to more appropriately conform to the conductive porti.on 24 of lead wi.re 22 and need not be centrally located wi.thi.n the backing materi.al 16. As i.llustrated, protecti.ve web 12 covers generally only the area o backi.ng material.
~p~t~
16 over ~r~6~w~ 20. In other embodiments, protecti.ve web 12 could, of course, cover more of the surface area of backing material 15 for the entire surface area of backing materia]. 16, i.f desi.red.
In a preferred embodiment, protecti.ve web 12 is electrically insulative to confine the e].ectrical signals used in the biomedical. electrode 10 to the lead wire 22 or to the body. In a preferred embodiment, protec-tive web 12 is approximately 2 mi.ls (0.51 milli.meters) thick and is preferably constructed from polyes~er film. Pressure sensitive adhesive 14 is preferably an acrylate adhesive.
Release li.ner 18, which i.s removeable, facilitates the li.fting of protective web 12 away from backing material.
16 i.n order that lead wire 22 may be inserted and protective web 12 subsequently reapplied securi.ng a conductive portion ~4 of lead wire 22 and the bi.omedical electrode 10. In a preferred embodiment, release liner 18 is a Polyslick material as manufactured by James Ri.ver Corporation, H.
P. Smith Division, Bedford Park, Illinoi.s.
~' :
2~ 8 Backing material 16 may be constructed from : any generally ~lat, body conformable, ~lexi.ble material.
In a preferred embodiment, backing material 16 is a foam material, and i.n a more preferred embodiment is a polyethylene foam, for example, a 0.030 inches thick polyethylene ~oam.
Lead wire 22 maybe copper wire whose insulative porti.on 26 is insulated wi.th any suitable insulation, as for example, rubber or plasti.c. The conductive portion 24 of lead wire 22 maybe a flat crimped on conductor plate 30. Conductor plate 30 i.s flat which facilitates the biomedical electrode 10 being of low profile, flat and conformable to the body.
In most preferred embodiments of the biomedical electrode 10, the conducti.ve porti.on 24 of lead wi.re 22 must be si].ver or si.lver plated and preferably have a chlori.de treatment. Conductive adhesive 28 operates to secure the biomedi.cal electrode 10 to the body and to prov.i.de through electrical conducti.vity from the body to the bi.omedical electrode. It i.s pre-ferred that conductive adhesive 28 have better cohesion than adhesion in order to facilitate the ease with which the biomedical elec-trode 10 may be removed from the body. In a preferred embodi.ment, conductive adhesive 28 is a conductive adhesi.ve as described in U.S.
Patent No. 4,554,924, Engel, Conductive Adhesive and Biomedical Electrode. Removeable release liner 30 may also be Polyslick liner. Pressure sensitive adhesive 32 i.s also an acrylate adhesi.ve.
Figure 3 illustrates the biomedical electrode 10 having been applied to a body 34. Lead wire 22 is shown being secured in the biomedical electrode 10 by pro-tecti.ve web 12, its associated pressure sensi.tive adhesive 14 (not shown) and the electrically conductive adhesi.ve 2 (not shown) to whi.ch it contacts. Backi.ng materi.al 16 is secured to the body with electrically conducti.ve adhesive 28 (not shown) and pressure sensitive adhesive 32 (not ~ D250E~
shown). When this particular use of the biomedical electrode has been completed, protective web 12 may be pulled back releasing lead wire 22 from the biomedical electrode 10 allowing the reuse of lead wire 22 and another biomedical electrode 10. Since there are no silver components to the biomedical electrode except for the silver plating or silver contair.ment of conductive portion 24 lead wire 22 and since the lead wire 22 may be reused many times, an economical bi.omedical electrode 10 i.s provided. Biomedical electrode is flatter and more clonformab1e to the body contours and body movement than pri.or art electrodes.
The biomedical electrode 10 relies on adhesive contact with a flat electrical conductor as opposed to rubber connector strips or snaps. The bi.omedical electrode 10 has a very low profile whi.ch makes it suitable to be worn under tight clothi.ng and to be comfortable when slept upon or when leaned against, as for example, when sitting in a chair. The biomedical elec-trode 10 may be trimmed to virtually any size or shape to allow flexibili.ty and adaptability in placement and location upon -the body.
Thus, it can be seen that there has been shown and described a novel, flat, biomedical electrode with a reuseable lead wire. It is to be recognized and understood, however, the various changes, modifications and substi.tuti.ons in the form and of the details of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the inven-tion as defined by the followi.ng claims.
an electrically conductive adhesive positioned adjacent said backing on said bo~tom side of said foam backing covering said aperture;
a second removable liner positioned adjacent said electrically conductive adhesive opposite from said backing; and a lead wire having one end adapted to be positioned within said aperture from said top side of said backing so as to be 0 adhered to said electrically conductive adhesive;
whereby said second removable liner may be removed and said biomedical electrode may be applied to said body with said electrically conductive adhesive and whereby said first removable liner may be removed and said lead wire may be positioned with said one end within said aperture and secured by sa~d protective web.
In a preferred embodimen~, the lead wire is formed with a flattened disc of electrically conductive material and, in one embodiment the flattened disc is silver plated and, in a still another embodiment, has been subjected to chloride treatment. ~n one embodiment, the backing material is a foam material most preferably a polyethylene foam. In another embodiment, a pressure sensitive adhesive helps to hold the protective web to the backin~
material.
.. .... ~ .
~3~25~8 3a 60557-3258 Brief D~scrip~ion o~ the Drawinqs The foregoing advantages, construction and operation o~
the present invention will become more readily appaxent from the following description and accompanying drawings in which:
Figure 1 is an isometric view of the biomedical electrode with the removable release liner being removed and the electrical lead wire being inserted.
Figure 2 is an expanded side view of the biomedical electrode; and Figure 3 is an isometric view of the biomedical electrode attached to the body.
Detailed DescriPtion Figures 1 and 2 illustrate the basic construction of the biomedical electrode 10 of the present invention.
~ 3~2S~
- ~ - 60557-3258 A protective web 12 is applied by a pressure sensltive adhesive 1 to a backing material 16. A removable release liner 18 is positioned between the protective web 12 and its associated pressure sensitive adhesive 14 and backing material 16. Backing material 16 contains an aperture 20 which the protective web covers. An electrical lead wire 22 having a conductive portion 24 and an insulative portion 26 is insertable lnto the biomedical electrode with the conductive portion 24 of lead wire 22 position-ing itself within aperture of backing material 16. Although not absolutely required, it is preferred that lead wire 22 have an insulative portion 26 such that when the conductive portion of lead wire 22 is positioned within aperture 20 and covered with protective web 12 only the insulated portion 26 of lead wire 22 is exposed. An electrically conductive adhesive 28 is located on the backing material 16 below aperture 20. The electrically conduc-tive adhesive 28 positioned in this manner will contact the conductive portion 24 of lead wire 22 when the lead wire is inser-ted into aperture 20. A second removable release liner 30 is positioned below electrically conductive adhesive 28 to be removed before the biomedical electrode 10 is applied to the body. It is only necessary that electrically conductive adhesive 28 be positioned under aperture 20 in backiny material 16. Electrically conductive adhesive 28, of course, could cover the entire surface area of backing material 16. If this were the case, no other adhesive in the biomedical electrode would be required~ ~oweveri since electrically conductive adhesives may be more expensive than other adhesives. In a preferred embodiment, electrically conduc-tive adhesive 28 covers only the general area of backing material 16 which is under aperture 20. Another pressure sensitive adhe-sive 32 is then applied to the remainder of the surface area ofbacking material 16 to enab~e the biomedical electrode to be secured to the body when it is utilized. Alternatively pressure sensitive 3~ 8 adhesive 32 could be applied to the entire surface area of backing material 16 and the por-ti.on under aperature 20 would be removed when aperature 20 was cut into back.ing materi.al 16.
Although shown in ~enerally rectangular shape, bi.omedical electrode 10 by appropropriate sizing or tri.mmi.ng of backi.n~ materi.al 16 may be any appropriate shape desired in order to conform or be located in any particular spot on the body. Aperture 20 is shown circular i.n nature and central wi-thin backing member 16 neither is abso:lutel.y requi.red. Aperture 20 could, for example, be e].ongated to more appropriately conform to the conductive porti.on 24 of lead wi.re 22 and need not be centrally located wi.thi.n the backing materi.al 16. As i.llustrated, protecti.ve web 12 covers generally only the area o backi.ng material.
~p~t~
16 over ~r~6~w~ 20. In other embodiments, protecti.ve web 12 could, of course, cover more of the surface area of backing material 15 for the entire surface area of backing materia]. 16, i.f desi.red.
In a preferred embodiment, protecti.ve web 12 is electrically insulative to confine the e].ectrical signals used in the biomedical. electrode 10 to the lead wire 22 or to the body. In a preferred embodiment, protec-tive web 12 is approximately 2 mi.ls (0.51 milli.meters) thick and is preferably constructed from polyes~er film. Pressure sensitive adhesive 14 is preferably an acrylate adhesive.
Release li.ner 18, which i.s removeable, facilitates the li.fting of protective web 12 away from backing material.
16 i.n order that lead wire 22 may be inserted and protective web 12 subsequently reapplied securi.ng a conductive portion ~4 of lead wire 22 and the bi.omedical electrode 10. In a preferred embodiment, release liner 18 is a Polyslick material as manufactured by James Ri.ver Corporation, H.
P. Smith Division, Bedford Park, Illinoi.s.
~' :
2~ 8 Backing material 16 may be constructed from : any generally ~lat, body conformable, ~lexi.ble material.
In a preferred embodiment, backing material 16 is a foam material, and i.n a more preferred embodiment is a polyethylene foam, for example, a 0.030 inches thick polyethylene ~oam.
Lead wire 22 maybe copper wire whose insulative porti.on 26 is insulated wi.th any suitable insulation, as for example, rubber or plasti.c. The conductive portion 24 of lead wire 22 maybe a flat crimped on conductor plate 30. Conductor plate 30 i.s flat which facilitates the biomedical electrode 10 being of low profile, flat and conformable to the body.
In most preferred embodiments of the biomedical electrode 10, the conducti.ve porti.on 24 of lead wi.re 22 must be si].ver or si.lver plated and preferably have a chlori.de treatment. Conductive adhesive 28 operates to secure the biomedi.cal electrode 10 to the body and to prov.i.de through electrical conducti.vity from the body to the bi.omedical electrode. It i.s pre-ferred that conductive adhesive 28 have better cohesion than adhesion in order to facilitate the ease with which the biomedical elec-trode 10 may be removed from the body. In a preferred embodi.ment, conductive adhesive 28 is a conductive adhesi.ve as described in U.S.
Patent No. 4,554,924, Engel, Conductive Adhesive and Biomedical Electrode. Removeable release liner 30 may also be Polyslick liner. Pressure sensitive adhesive 32 i.s also an acrylate adhesi.ve.
Figure 3 illustrates the biomedical electrode 10 having been applied to a body 34. Lead wire 22 is shown being secured in the biomedical electrode 10 by pro-tecti.ve web 12, its associated pressure sensi.tive adhesive 14 (not shown) and the electrically conductive adhesi.ve 2 (not shown) to whi.ch it contacts. Backi.ng materi.al 16 is secured to the body with electrically conducti.ve adhesive 28 (not shown) and pressure sensitive adhesive 32 (not ~ D250E~
shown). When this particular use of the biomedical electrode has been completed, protective web 12 may be pulled back releasing lead wire 22 from the biomedical electrode 10 allowing the reuse of lead wire 22 and another biomedical electrode 10. Since there are no silver components to the biomedical electrode except for the silver plating or silver contair.ment of conductive portion 24 lead wire 22 and since the lead wire 22 may be reused many times, an economical bi.omedical electrode 10 i.s provided. Biomedical electrode is flatter and more clonformab1e to the body contours and body movement than pri.or art electrodes.
The biomedical electrode 10 relies on adhesive contact with a flat electrical conductor as opposed to rubber connector strips or snaps. The bi.omedical electrode 10 has a very low profile whi.ch makes it suitable to be worn under tight clothi.ng and to be comfortable when slept upon or when leaned against, as for example, when sitting in a chair. The biomedical elec-trode 10 may be trimmed to virtually any size or shape to allow flexibili.ty and adaptability in placement and location upon -the body.
Thus, it can be seen that there has been shown and described a novel, flat, biomedical electrode with a reuseable lead wire. It is to be recognized and understood, however, the various changes, modifications and substi.tuti.ons in the form and of the details of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the inven-tion as defined by the followi.ng claims.
Claims (9)
1. A biomedical electrode adapted to be applied to a body, comprising:
a backing material having an aperture, having a top side adapted to be oriented away from said body and having a bottom side adapted to be oriented toward said body;
a protective web at least partially secured to said top side of said backing and covering said aperture;
a first removable liner positioned between said protective web and said backing, said first removable liner covering at least a portion of the area of said backing covered by said protective web and covering said aperture;
an electrically conductive adhesive positioned adjacent said backing on said bottom side of said foam backing covering said aperture;
a second removable liner positioned adjacent said electrically conductive adhesive opposite from said backing; and a lead wire having one end adapted to be positioned within said aperture from said top side of said backing so as to be adhered to said electrically conductive adhesive;
whereby said second removable liner may be removed and said biomedical electrode may be applied to said body with said electrically conductive adhesive and whereby said first removable liner may be removed and said lead wire may be positioned with said one end within said aperture and secured by said protective web.
a backing material having an aperture, having a top side adapted to be oriented away from said body and having a bottom side adapted to be oriented toward said body;
a protective web at least partially secured to said top side of said backing and covering said aperture;
a first removable liner positioned between said protective web and said backing, said first removable liner covering at least a portion of the area of said backing covered by said protective web and covering said aperture;
an electrically conductive adhesive positioned adjacent said backing on said bottom side of said foam backing covering said aperture;
a second removable liner positioned adjacent said electrically conductive adhesive opposite from said backing; and a lead wire having one end adapted to be positioned within said aperture from said top side of said backing so as to be adhered to said electrically conductive adhesive;
whereby said second removable liner may be removed and said biomedical electrode may be applied to said body with said electrically conductive adhesive and whereby said first removable liner may be removed and said lead wire may be positioned with said one end within said aperture and secured by said protective web.
2. A biomedical electrode as in claim 1 wherein said one end of said lead wire is formed with a flattened disk of electrically conductive material.
3. A biomedical electrode as in claim 2 wherein said flattened disk is silver plated.
4. A biomedical electrode as in claim 1 wherein said backing material comprises a foam material.
5. A biomedical electrode as in claim 1 which further comprises a layer of adhesive between said backing material and said protective web.
6. A biomedical electrode as in claim 5 wherein said one end of said lead wire is formed with a flattened disk of electrically conductive material.
7. A biomedical electrode as in claim 6 wherein said flattened disk is silver plated.
8. A biomedical electrode as in claim 5 wherein said backing material comprises a foam material.
9. A biomedical electrode as in claim 5 wherein said first layer of adhesive comprises a pressure sensitive adhesive.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US892,506 | 1986-08-01 | ||
| US06/892,506 US4715382A (en) | 1986-08-01 | 1986-08-01 | Flat biomedical electrode with reuseable lead wire |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1302508C true CA1302508C (en) | 1992-06-02 |
Family
ID=25400037
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000542727A Expired - Fee Related CA1302508C (en) | 1986-08-01 | 1987-07-22 | Flat biomedical electrode with reuseable lead wire |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4715382A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU626698B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1302508C (en) |
Families Citing this family (43)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU596433B2 (en) * | 1986-08-01 | 1990-05-03 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Flat, conformable, biomedical electrode |
| US5078138A (en) * | 1988-09-22 | 1992-01-07 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Biomedical electrode construction having a non-woven material |
| US5078139A (en) * | 1988-09-22 | 1992-01-07 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Biomedical electrode construction |
| US5215087A (en) * | 1988-09-22 | 1993-06-01 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Biomedical electrode construction |
| US5133355A (en) * | 1988-09-22 | 1992-07-28 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Biomedical electrode construction |
| US5012810A (en) * | 1988-09-22 | 1991-05-07 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Biomedical electrode construction |
| GB2240928A (en) * | 1990-02-20 | 1991-08-21 | Polymedical Limited | Skin contact electrode |
| US5158734A (en) * | 1991-02-27 | 1992-10-27 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Biomedical electrical connector using a socket receptacle having a resilient sheath |
| DE4204609A1 (en) * | 1991-02-27 | 1992-09-03 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Biomedical electric connection part with socket having resilient rim - accepts bayonet pin part with electric lead surrounded by elastic casing made by sleeving lead with plastisol to produce casing |
| US5218973A (en) * | 1991-03-22 | 1993-06-15 | Staodyn, Inc. | Disposable wound treatment electrode |
| US5276079A (en) * | 1991-11-15 | 1994-01-04 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Pressure-sensitive poly(n-vinyl lactam) adhesive composition and method for producing and using same |
| DK0616505T3 (en) * | 1991-11-15 | 1997-02-24 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | |
| AU652494B2 (en) * | 1991-11-15 | 1994-08-25 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Solid state conductive polymer compositions, biomedical electrodes containing such compositions, and method of preparing same |
| US5506059A (en) * | 1993-05-14 | 1996-04-09 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Metallic films and articles using same |
| US5462157A (en) * | 1993-10-28 | 1995-10-31 | Zmd Corporation | Electrode package |
| TW369558B (en) * | 1994-01-28 | 1999-09-11 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Polymerized microemulsion pressure sensitive adhesive compositions and methods of preparing and using same |
| US5670557A (en) * | 1994-01-28 | 1997-09-23 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Polymerized microemulsion pressure sensitive adhesive compositions and methods of preparing and using same |
| US5813981A (en) * | 1995-12-29 | 1998-09-29 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Tab style electrode |
| US6135953A (en) * | 1996-01-25 | 2000-10-24 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Multi-functional biomedical electrodes |
| US5846558A (en) * | 1996-03-19 | 1998-12-08 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Ionically conductive adhesives prepared from zwitterionic materials and medical devices using such adhesives |
| US5924983A (en) * | 1996-04-29 | 1999-07-20 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Electrical conductor for biomedical electrodes and biomedical electrodes prepared therefrom |
| US5797902A (en) * | 1996-05-10 | 1998-08-25 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Biomedical electrode providing early detection of accidental detachment |
| US5947961A (en) * | 1996-05-10 | 1999-09-07 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Biomedical electrode having skin-equilibrating adhesive at its perimeter and method for using same |
| US6205355B1 (en) | 1999-02-16 | 2001-03-20 | Marisa Lomanto | Electrocardiograph leadwire assembly |
| US6356779B1 (en) | 1999-06-04 | 2002-03-12 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Universally functional biomedical electrode |
| US6232366B1 (en) | 1999-06-09 | 2001-05-15 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Pressure sensitive conductive adhesive having hot-melt properties and biomedical electrodes using same |
| US6623664B2 (en) | 1999-12-24 | 2003-09-23 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Conductive adhesive and biomedical electrode |
| ATE317716T1 (en) | 2000-08-24 | 2006-03-15 | Unomedical Ltd | BIOMEDICAL ELECTRODES AND BIOMEDICAL ELECTRODES FOR ELECTRICAL STIMULATION |
| US6709716B2 (en) | 2001-04-27 | 2004-03-23 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Microemulsion compositions and methods of making and using same |
| US7999023B2 (en) | 2004-12-03 | 2011-08-16 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Process for making pressure sensitive adhesive hydrogels |
| US7620439B2 (en) | 2005-08-04 | 2009-11-17 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Conductive adhesives and biomedical articles including same |
| JP5165841B2 (en) * | 2005-08-09 | 2013-03-21 | フクダ電子株式会社 | Waterproof bioelectrode |
| WO2009134826A1 (en) * | 2008-05-01 | 2009-11-05 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Biomedical sensor system |
| US8469741B2 (en) * | 2008-05-01 | 2013-06-25 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Stretchable conductive connector |
| US20090290279A1 (en) * | 2008-05-23 | 2009-11-26 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Grounding electrode |
| KR101028584B1 (en) * | 2008-08-27 | 2011-04-12 | 주식회사 바이오프로테크 | Tab electrode and wire leading to the same |
| US9357929B2 (en) | 2010-07-27 | 2016-06-07 | Carefusion 303, Inc. | System and method for monitoring body temperature of a person |
| US8814792B2 (en) | 2010-07-27 | 2014-08-26 | Carefusion 303, Inc. | System and method for storing and forwarding data from a vital-signs monitor |
| US9017255B2 (en) | 2010-07-27 | 2015-04-28 | Carefusion 303, Inc. | System and method for saving battery power in a patient monitoring system |
| US9585620B2 (en) | 2010-07-27 | 2017-03-07 | Carefusion 303, Inc. | Vital-signs patch having a flexible attachment to electrodes |
| US9420952B2 (en) | 2010-07-27 | 2016-08-23 | Carefusion 303, Inc. | Temperature probe suitable for axillary reading |
| US9055925B2 (en) | 2010-07-27 | 2015-06-16 | Carefusion 303, Inc. | System and method for reducing false alarms associated with vital-signs monitoring |
| WO2020201878A1 (en) | 2019-04-01 | 2020-10-08 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Process for making pressure sensitive adhesive hydrogels |
Family Cites Families (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3170459A (en) * | 1962-03-20 | 1965-02-23 | Clifford G Phipps | Bio-medical instrumentation electrode |
| US3865770A (en) * | 1972-12-01 | 1975-02-11 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Water-dispersible pressure-sensitive adhesive, tape made therewith, and novel tackifiers therefor |
| US4008721A (en) * | 1975-04-14 | 1977-02-22 | Medtronic, Inc. | Tape electrode for transmitting electrical signals through the skin |
| US4067342A (en) * | 1976-04-06 | 1978-01-10 | Medtronic, Inc. | Tape electrode |
| US4543958A (en) * | 1979-04-30 | 1985-10-01 | Ndm Corporation | Medical electrode assembly |
| US4319579A (en) * | 1979-06-21 | 1982-03-16 | Ndm Corporation | Reusable medical electrode having disposable electrolyte carrier |
| US4265253A (en) * | 1979-07-09 | 1981-05-05 | Consolidated Medical Equipment Inc. | Skin conducting electrode and electrode assembly |
| US4458696A (en) * | 1979-08-07 | 1984-07-10 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | T.E.N.S. Electrode |
| US4539996A (en) * | 1980-01-23 | 1985-09-10 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Conductive adhesive and biomedical electrode |
| AU543967B2 (en) * | 1980-01-23 | 1985-05-09 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Conductive adhesive and biomedical electrode |
| US4524087A (en) * | 1980-01-23 | 1985-06-18 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Conductive adhesive and biomedical electrode |
| US4353372A (en) * | 1980-02-11 | 1982-10-12 | Bunker Ramo Corporation | Medical cable set and electrode therefor |
| US4409981A (en) * | 1981-07-20 | 1983-10-18 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Medical electrode |
| US4413080A (en) * | 1982-06-21 | 1983-11-01 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Co. | Water-dispersible pressure-sensitive adhesive and tape made therewith |
| FR2548028B1 (en) * | 1983-06-15 | 1986-09-19 | Hovelian Krikor | DISPOSABLE SURFACE MEDICAL ELECTRODE |
| US4569960A (en) * | 1983-09-06 | 1986-02-11 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Water-dispersible pressure-sensitive adhesive and tape made therewith |
-
1986
- 1986-08-01 US US06/892,506 patent/US4715382A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1987
- 1987-07-22 CA CA000542727A patent/CA1302508C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1990
- 1990-07-02 AU AU58617/90A patent/AU626698B2/en not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU626698B2 (en) | 1992-08-06 |
| AU5861790A (en) | 1990-11-01 |
| US4715382A (en) | 1987-12-29 |
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