CA1285845C - Non-aqueous liquid detergent composition and perborate anhydrous - Google Patents
Non-aqueous liquid detergent composition and perborate anhydrousInfo
- Publication number
- CA1285845C CA1285845C CA000519074A CA519074A CA1285845C CA 1285845 C CA1285845 C CA 1285845C CA 000519074 A CA000519074 A CA 000519074A CA 519074 A CA519074 A CA 519074A CA 1285845 C CA1285845 C CA 1285845C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- sodium
- sodium perborate
- detergent composition
- oxoborate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/39—Organic or inorganic per-compounds
- C11D3/3942—Inorganic per-compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B15/00—Peroxides; Peroxyhydrates; Peroxyacids or salts thereof; Superoxides; Ozonides
- C01B15/055—Peroxyhydrates; Peroxyacids or salts thereof
- C01B15/12—Peroxyhydrates; Peroxyacids or salts thereof containing boron
- C01B15/126—Dehydration of solid hydrated peroxyborates to less hydrated or anhydrous products
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
- C11D17/0004—Non aqueous liquid compositions comprising insoluble particles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/39—Organic or inorganic per-compounds
- C11D3/3902—Organic or inorganic per-compounds combined with specific additives
- C11D3/3905—Bleach activators or bleach catalysts
- C11D3/3907—Organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/39—Organic or inorganic per-compounds
- C11D3/3947—Liquid compositions
Abstract
ABSTRACT
New grade of sodium perborate anhydrous obtained from dehydration of sodium perborate monohydrate, wherein the ratio by weight of sodium perborate monohydrate to sodium oxoborate is at least 1.5:1, method of manufacturing and use thereof in detergent compositions are disclosed. The new grade of sodium perborate anhydrous is particularly suitable for use in non-aqueous liquid detergent compositions to improve dispensing behaviour without impairing the chemical stability of formulations comprising a peroxy acid bleach precursor, especially N,N,N',N'-tetraacetyl ethylene diamine.
New grade of sodium perborate anhydrous obtained from dehydration of sodium perborate monohydrate, wherein the ratio by weight of sodium perborate monohydrate to sodium oxoborate is at least 1.5:1, method of manufacturing and use thereof in detergent compositions are disclosed. The new grade of sodium perborate anhydrous is particularly suitable for use in non-aqueous liquid detergent compositions to improve dispensing behaviour without impairing the chemical stability of formulations comprising a peroxy acid bleach precursor, especially N,N,N',N'-tetraacetyl ethylene diamine.
Description
~2~5~5 C 7064 (R) NON-AQUEOUS LIQUID DETERGENT COMPOSITION AND
PERBORATE AN~DROUS
This invention relates to perborate anhydrou~ and use thereof in detergent compo.sitions. More particularl~
the invention relates to non-aqueous li~uid detergent compositions comprising perborate anhydrous.
The term "liquid" used herein encompasses pourable liquid to paste-like or gel-type and semi-solid products.
Non-aqueous liquid detergent compositions including paste-like or gela~inous detergent compositions are known in the art and various formulations have been proposed in quite a number of patent publications, e.g.
in US Patents 2,864,770; 2,940,938; 3,368,977: GB-A-1,205,711; 1,270,040; 1,292,352; 1,370,377; DE-A-2 233 771 and EP-B- 0028849.
~
Non-aqueous liquid detergent compositions have several ad~an~ages over aqueous liquid detergent systems. One major advantage is the "dry" environment which makes it possible to incorporate peroxide bleaching agents, such as sodium perborates, sodium percarbonates, sodium persilicates and sodium perphosphates, without special precautions for avoiding contact with water, as is the case with aqueous systems.
Non-aqueous liquid detergent compositions containing a bleaching agent have also been proposed~ GB-A~ 1,205,711, GB-A- 1,292,352 and DE-A- 2 233 771 disclose the use of peroxide bleaching agents, particularly the alkali metal perborates, in non-aqueous liquid detergent compositions.
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C 7064/1 ~R) 5~
All non-aqueous liquid detergent compositions o~ the art generally comprise a non-aqueous liquid medium with or without a solid phase dispersed therein. The non-aqueous liquiQ medium may be a liquid surfactant, preferably a liquid nonionic surfactant; a non-polar liquid medium, e.g. liquid paraffin; a polar solvent, e.g. polyols such as glycerol, sorbitol, ethylene glycol, optionally combined with low molecular monohydric alcohols, e.g. ethanol or isopropanol: or mixtures thereof.
The solid phase can be builders, alkalis, abrasives, polymers, clays, other solid ionic surfactants, bleaches, enzymes, fluorescent agents and other usual solid detergent ingredients.
However, they all suffer from one general drawbac~; of poor dispersibility or dispensibility, which especially in washing machine operations can lead to high mechanical loss with consequently inadequate performance. Various proposals have been made to improve the rate of dissolution or dispersion, but so far without great success to give a totally adequate dispensing in washing machines with low mechanical loss figures.
A major improvement in the dispensing behaviour can be obtained by the addition of an alkali metal perborate anhydrous, particularly sodium perborate anhydroùs, which is being preferred for its commercial availability.
The use of sodium perborate (anhydrous) in non-aqueous liquid built detergent compositions is disclosed in 35 GB-A- 1,205,711, page 2, line 101, and page 5, Ex~mples XIV(A~ and (B), though no further details are given of w~at is exactly meant hy sodium perborate (anhydrous) and nothing is ~aid about the improved dispersibility.
.: -.
.-~ 5 C 7064/1 (R) The term "sodium perborate anhydrous" used here i~
meant to indicate the product obtained from a further dehydration o~ sodium perborate mono~ydrate by a heat treatment under vacuum or with hot and/or dry air. The preparation of sodium perborate anhydrous, also known as "oxoborate", is described in Ullmann' 9 ~nc~klop~die der technischen Chemie, 4th Ed. 1979, Verlag Chemle, Vol. 17, page 718, and also in EP-B~ 0053859, page 3, lines 15-20.
The degree of conversion from sodium perborate monohydrate to the anhydrous material will depend upon the temperature of heating, vacuum applied or air moisture ~ontent, and the time of the heat treatment.
In the further description of this invention the term "sodium oxoborate" is used to denote the true anhydrous material which on contact with water releases non-reactive gaseous molecular oxygen, termed as developable oxygen, as distinct from active or availabl~ oxygen used to indicate reactive oxygen released by peroxide compound bleaches, e.g. sodium perborate mono- or tetrahydrate.
As already explained before, sodium perborate anhydrous is known in the art. The material as available and presented in the art generally comprises a mixture of sodium oxobora~e and sodium perborate monohydrate and contains a major proportion of sodium oxoborate which causes the material to effervesce on contact with water. The material has found use, for example, as a constituent of denture ~leanser tablets.
Though sodium perborate anhydrous as available on the market is quite sui~able for giving substantial improvement in the dispensing behaviour of non-aqueous liquid detergent compositions lsading to very low ,~' .', ' ~
~5~ C 7064/1 ~R) mechanical lo~s figures, it was observed that when a bleach activator, i.e. a peroxyacid bleach precursor, is incorporated it has a negative influence on the chemical stability of the peroxyacid bleach precursor, thereby decreasing the bleach efficiency.
The use o~ peroxyacid bleach precursors, ~uch a~
N,N,N',N'-tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) i8 currently becoming common practice in the formulation of detergent compositions to provide a low-temperature bleach performance. Sodium perborate anhydrous as known in the art is thereore unsuitable for use in formulations containing a peroxyacid bleach precursor.
Further research has revealed that the destabilisation effect is connected with the oxoborate/monohydrate ratio in the sodium perborate anhydrous material used.
It has now surprisingly been found that the dispensing behaviour of non aqueous liquid detergent compositions can be substantially improved with substantially no risk of impairing the chemical stability of formulations containing a peroxyacid bleach precursor by using a new grade of sodium perborate anhydrou~ in which the soaium perborate monohydrate/sodium oxoborate ratio by weight is at least 1.5:1, preferably at least 2:1. This new grade must be achieved by dehydration of the sodiwm perborate monohydrate to within these limits of specification. Post mixing of sodium perborate monohydrate with excessively dehydrated material gives poor peroxyacid bleach precursor stability.
The higher the weight ratio of monohydrate/oxoborate is in the perborate anhydrous material, the less will be the risk involved of destabilisation of peroxyacid bleach precursors. There is no upper limit ~or said ratio other than for practical reasons, and ratios of , - . - . .: - - . : :. -.
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. .
~X8584S c 7064/1 (R) up to about 30:1 or above can s~ill be used in practice to achieve the desired properties of good dispersibility behaviour, so long as there is sufficient oxoborate in the formulation.
It has been established that ~rom tha heat-drying process to dehydrate sodium perborate monohydrate ~NaB02.H202), not only sodium oxoborate is produced but al80 by-products of undefined nature which do not release either active oxygen or developable oxygen on contact with waterO
The further the dehydration process proceeds, the more of these by-products axe produced. Without wishing to be bound to any theory, it is believed that the presence of these by-products in the formulation may be the cause of the destabilisation effect, especially on peroxyacid bleach precursors.
Seemingly, the quantity of these by-products in the formulation is not primarily responsible for the destabilisation of peroxyacid bleach precursors, but rather the quality thereof. This is clear from the fact that the presence of by-produ~ts in sodium perborate anhydrous having a monohydrate/oxoborate ratio of more than 1.5:1 does not cause substantial destabilisation, whereas a significant destabilisation effect is observed in the presence of the same amount of by-products from sodium perborate anhydrous having lower monohydrate/oxoborate ratios. Apparently other by-products reactive to peroxya~id bleach precursors are formed when the dehydration process proceeds to a stage of more than 40% conversion.
The proportions of perborate monohydrate and o~oborate in the sodium perborate anhydrous material can be analysed from its active or availa~le oxygen content ,~,.
,.......................... ' - : . ~ ' ' -.
: ' '. ' , c 706d,/1 (R) ( equivalent to monohydrate) and it~ developable oxygen content (equivalent to oxoborate).
It ~hould be appreciated that the destab .isation efe~t of ~odium perborate anhydrous on bleach precur~or~ i~ not bound to the phy~ical form of the detergent compo~ltion. Hence, the ~odium perborate anhydrous a~ defined in the pre~ent lnvention will al~o be of advantage for U8e in substantially dry solid and/or partl~ulate detergent composition~, particularly whan a peroxyacid bleach precur~or i~ incorporated.
A convenient method of preparing the new grade of sodium perborate anhydrous i8 by treating the sodium perborate monohydrate with hot a~r in a fluidised bed.
It ha~ been found that an excellent quality of sodium perborate anhydrous having an oxoborate content of between 12~ and 15~ by weight, and by-products at a level of le~s than 10~ by weight can be obtained by u3ing an air inlet temperature of not more than 120~C
and a bed temperature of ~rom llO~C to 114C and thereby keeping the reaction time varying from about 3 hours at a bed ~emperature of llOaC to about 0.75 hour at a bed temperature of 114~C.
The sodium perborate monohydrate in the proce~ of the invention i~ fluidised and heated up with the hot air unt~l the bed temperature reaches to above 110C but not more than 114C; the dehydration process iq stopped by blowing in cool air in replacement of the hot air to : - '- - -' : . - ' .
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, . . . .
. ~ . ~. - .
~ : .': ' : . ' ~2~S~ C 7064/1 (~) effect a bed temperature drop. The reaction time i the time mea~ured ~uring which the bed temperature i~ at or above 110C.
A bed temperature of below llO~C is unsuitable ~ince the time required to arrive at ~he desired converslon ~ould be too long, an~ a bed temperature o~ higher th~n 114C would produce a Rodium perborate anhydrou~
quality with by-product~ at level~ of more than 10% by weight.
A preferred proces~ condition i8 that whereby the air inlet temperature i~ from 118-120C, the bed temperature is about 113-114C and the reaction time i~
about one hour at 113C bed temperature to 0.75 hour at a bed temperature of 114C.
The following sodium perborate anhydrous products were obtained:
Bed temperature ~C) 111112 113 113 113.5 114 Reaction time (hr) 2.31.45 1.1 1.0 0,8 0.9 monohydrate %77.7 82.7 77.9 78.878.9 81.6 oxoborate ~ 14.8 9.4 14.5 12.812.5 12.3 by-product~ % 7.5 7.9 7 t 6 8.4 8.6 7.1 Monohydrate/
oxoborate ratio 5.2j8.8 5.4 6.15 6.3 6.6 .
- ,.
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.: . ; , .. : . .
~3584~; C 7064/I (R) The invention provides a non-aqueous liquid det~rgenk composition compri~ing:
a) from 1~ to 90~ by we.ight of a non-aqueous lîquid phase;
b) from S to 35~ by weight of sodium per~orate anhydrous obtained from dehydration o~ sodium perborate monohydrate, wherein ths ratio by weight of sodium p~rborate monohydrate to ~odium oxoborate is from 1.5sl to 30:1;
c) from 0 to 20~ by weight of a peroxyaci~ bleach prscursor; and d) from 0 to 75~ by weight of other solid constituents.
A marked improvement of the dispersibil~ty can already be obtained with a~ low a level as 0.25~ by weight of ~odium oxoborate in the formulation. Increa~ing the oxoborate level will give an improvement up to a point where the further improvement is relatively 3mall in proportion to the oxoborate content.
In view of thi~, an oxoborate level of about 10% by weight can b~ taken a~ t~e practical maximum level.
A preferred oxoborate level i~ from 1 to 5% by weight, particularly about ~ by weight.
The amount of sodium perborate monohydra~e in the formulation to arrive at a ~atisfactory bleaching effect will be from about 5 to 30% by weight of the compoRition. If a peroxyacid bleach precur~or iff present, which is preferable, said amount will generally be lower, i.e. about 5 to 20~ by weight of the compo~ition.
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' ~85845 C 7064/1 (R) In formulating the detergent composition of the invention, the amount of new grade sodium perborate anhydrous incorporated therein will depend upon the monohydrate/oxoborate ratio and should be adjusted to meet the above requirements, if necessary by adding an extra ~mount of sodium perborate monohydrat~ or a mixture of sodium perborate monohydrate and tetrahydrate.
Preferred sodium perborate anhydrous of the invention will have a monohydrate/oxoborate ratio of between 2:1 and 15:1.
Though the invention is mainly described and explained with respect to sodium perborate anhydrous, other alXali metal perborate anhydrous may as well be usable.
Also, it should be appreciated that the new grade of sodium perborate anhydrous can be advantageously used in solid and/or particulate detergent compositions.
The non-aqueous liquid detergent composition of the present invention will generally comprise from 15 to about 90% by weight of a non-aqueous liquid phase, from 5 to 35% by weight of sodium perborate anhydrous as defined hereinbefore, from 0 to 20~, preferably 1-20 by weight of a peroxyacid bleach precursor and rom 0 to 75%, preferably 5-75~ by weight of other solid constituents, including builders, alkaline agents, abrasives, polymers, clays, inorganic carriars, structurants, enzymes, colouring agents, 1uorescers, bactericides, soil-suspending agents, sequestering agents and other usual detergent ingredients, all ingredients being substantially free from water.
The detergent composition of the invention can be presented in the form of a built or an unbui].t pourable liquid, a paste-like or gelatinous product, or a semi-solid product.
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C 7064/1 (R) ~2~
Depending on its form and formulation, the composition of the invention can find its use in a wide field of applications, such as:
(i) Heavy- and light-duty liquid compositions for fabric washing.
(ii ~iquid abrasive cleaners for hard surfaces.
~iii) Pastes for direct application to ~tains, where the pre~ence of oxoborate can cau~e a temperatu~e rise effect on the cloth when water is added.
(iv) Machine dishwashing creams.
The technique of formulating and of manufacturing non-aqueous liquid detergent compositions are known in the art. The aforementioned listing of patent literature on this art exemplifies the many varieties of formulations and techniques in the art of non-aqueous liquid detergent compositions which the skilled artisan can easily choose as a basis for the composition of the present invention.
Suitable materials forming the non-aquaous liquid phase include polar compounds such as liquid detergent surfactants; polyols (e.g. glycerol, sorbitol~ ethylene glycol and low molecular weight polyethylene glycols) and low molecular weight alcohols (e.g. ethanol, isopropanol), as well as non-polar compounds such as liqui~ paraffins.
Other li~uid solvents which may be usable as more or less suitable non-aqueous liquid medium are further:
Benzyl alcohol; terpene and terpene derivatives (e.g.
limonene); ph~halate esters (e.g. dibutyl phthalate);
natural oils, ~uch as nut oil, vegetable oils, fi~h oil, castor oil, amines, such as mono-, di- and triethanol amines; hydrocarbons (e.g. Shellsol T ~
benzene, toluene); dioxane; dimethyl formamide; and ~ de~lc tes tr~CIe ~a~k . . . ~.
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1 ~ ~ 5 ~4 ~ C 7064/1 (R~
glycerol triacetate and other liquid esters. These solvents may be used individually or in admixture with other solvent materials.
Particularly suitable liquid detergent surfactants are nonionic surfactants that are liquid at room temperature.
Nonionic detergent surfactants are well known in the art. They normally consist of a water-solubilising polyoxyalkylene group in chemical combination with an organic hydrophobic group derived, for example, from alkylphenols in which the alkyl group contains from about 6 to about 12 carbon atoms, dialkylphenols in which each alkyl group contains from 6 to 12 carbon atoms, primary, secondary or tertiary aliphatic alcohols having from ~ to 20 carbon atoms, monocarboxylic acids having from 10 to about 24 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, polyoxypropylene, fatty acid mono- and dialkylol amides in which the alkyl group of the fatty acid radical contains from 10 to about 20 carbon atoms and the alkylol group is a lower alkylol group having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and ethoxylated derivatives thereof, for example tallow atty acid amide condensed with 20 moles of ethylene oxide. The nonionic detergent surfactants normally have molecular weights of from about 300 to about 11,000.
Mixtures of different nonionic detergent surfactants may also be used, provided the mixtures are liquid at room temperature. Mixtures of nonionic detergent surfactants with other detergent surfactants such as anionic, cationic and ampholytic detergent surfactants and soaps may also be used, but again such mixtures must be water-free and liquid, paste-like or gel~like at room temperatures.
, . . - ~ -.' ~ .
~ ~35~3~5 c 7064/1 ~R) Examples of suitable anionic detergent surfactants are alkali metal, ammonium or alkylolamine ~alts of alkyl benzene sulph~nates having from 10 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, alkyl and alkylether sulphates - 5 having from 10 to 24 carbon atoms in the alkyl group and from 1 to 5 ethylene oxide groups, olefin sulphonates separated by sulphonation of C1O~C12 alpha-olefin6 and subsequsnt neutralisation and hydrolysis of the sulphonation reaction product.
Examples of cationic detergent surfactants are aliphatic or aromatic higher alkyl di-(lower alkyl) ammonium halides, and examples of soaps are liquid alkali metal salts of C12-C24 fatty ac~d~-The builder salt which may be present in thecomposition of the invention may be any suitable organic and/or inorganic builder salts. Typical examples thereof are the alkali metal ortho-, pyro-, - meta- and tri-polyphosphates, alkal.i metal carbonates, silicates, sodium aluminosilicates (e.g. zeolites), polyacetal-carboxylates, sodium carboxymethyloxy succinate, sodium carboxymethyloxy malonates, sodium citr~te, salts of aminopolycarboxylic acids such as NTA
and EDTA, etc.
The peroxyacid bleach precursors which can be used in the present invention are known in the art. They are generally organic compounds which contain ~-acyl or O-acyl residues in the molecule and which e~ert their activating action on peroxide compounds such as perborate by reacting with said peroxide compound in aqueous solutions with the formation of peroxyacids.
Many types and classes of peroxyacid bleach precu~ors have been described in literature and any of these types and classes can be suitably incorporated in the detergent compositions of the invention. Typical examples thereof are disclosed in US Patent 3,117,148, : . . - . , - -:
- : - - .
. . ~ ~ . .
~2~584~ C 7064/1 (R) GB Patent 907,356, GB Patent 836,988, GB Pa~ent 970,950 and US Patent 4,412,934.
A representative but by no means comprehensive list o.f known peroxy acid bleach precursor~ is :
(1~ Acyl organoamides of the formula RCONR1R2, where RO is a carboxylic acyl radical, Rl i~ an acyl radical, and R2 is an organic radical, as disclosed 10 in US Patent Specification 3,117,148. Examples of peroxyacid precursor compounds falling under this group are: -(a) N,N-diacetylaniline and N-acetylphthalimide;
(b) ~-a~ylhydantoins, such as N,N'-diacetyl-5,5-dimethylhydantoin;
(c) Polyacylated alkylene diamines, such as N,~,~',N'-tetr~acetyl ethylene diaminP (TAED) a.ld N,N,N',N'-tetraacetyl methylene diamine (TAMD) as disclosed in British Patent 907,356;
(d) Acylated glucolurils, such as tetaacetyl glucoluril (TAGIJ) as disclosed in British Patent 1,246,338;
(e) alpha-Acyloxy-(~,~')-polyacyl malonamides, such aæ
alpha-acetoxy-(N,~')-diacetyl malonamide as - disclosed in US PatQnt Specification 3,183,266.
~5 (2) Carboxylic esters of the type as disclosed in British Patent 836,988. Examples of activator~ of thi~
type include phenyl acetate, sodium acetoxy benzene sulphonate, trichloroethylacetate, sorbitol hexaacatate, fructose-pentaacetate, p-nitroben~aldehyda diacetate, isopropenyl acetate, acetyl aceto hydroxamic acid, and acetyl salicylic acid. Other examples are esters of a phenol or substituted phenol with an alpha-~hlorinated lower aliphatic carboxylic acid, such as chloroacetyl phenol and chloroacetylsalicyli~ acid, as disclosed in US Patent 3,130,165.
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''. ' : .
~. . . . - . ' :' ~ ,, ~85845 C 7064/1 ~R) ~3) Acyl-cyanurates, such as triacetyl or tribenzoyl cyanurates, as disclosed in US Patent 3,332,882.
(4) Carbonic acid or pyrocarbonic acid esters of the ~ormula RlOCOOR2 or R30CO-OCO-OR2, as disclosed in Briti~h Patent 970,950, for example p-carboxy-phehyl -ethyl-carbonic acid ester, p-carboxyphenyl-ethyl-pyrocarbonic acid ester, and sodium sulpho phenylethyl carbonic acid ester.
(5) Optionally sub~tituted anhydrides of benzoic or -~ phthalic acid, for example benzoic anhydride, m-chlorobenzoic anhydride and phthalic anhydride.
(6) Other and similar peroxyacid precursors are : disclosed in EP-A- 00 9~ 021; EP-A- 01 06 584; EP-A-01 06 634; EP-A- 01 18 304; EP-A- 01 20 591J EP-A-01 50 532; EP-A- 01 63 331; EP~A- 01 74 132 and US
Patent 4,283,301.
One preferred peroxyacid bleach precursor ie ~,N,N',N'-tetraacetylethylene diamine (TAED).
Other ingredients commonly incorpor~ted in liquid or solid detergent compositions may also be present as desired, such as hydrotropes, enzymes, enzyme-stabilising agents, fluorescers~ peroxide stabilisers, soil-suspending agents, abrasives (e.g. calcite or silica), suspension stabilisers, anti-soil redeposition agents, perfumes, bactericides, corrosion inhibitors, foam boosters, foam depressors, fabric-softening agents, p~ regulators, as well as other bleaching agents, all without substantially modifying the fundamental characteristics of the composition of the invention.
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, . ~ ~ . .
- ' '' ~5845 C 7064/1 (R) i There i5 no critical range of the viscosity o the liquid detergent composition of the invention, ana the consistency thereof can be adjusted at will by selecting the type and amount of the liquid components as well as of the type and amount of the solid components, a technique which is familiar to the skilled artisan.
~ he invention will now be illustrated by way of the following Examples.
' : ~ ' ' ' : , .. - . - , : .
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O
~ I 1` ~ o o ~ o o o r~t o ~ d' a) t') Ll') ~ ~1 h ~ ~D O ~ O 0, ~ ~
~ ~ I ~ _l o o ~9 0 o O _I C
rl U~ U~
rr, a:~ O -J O O ~ ~ N O r-l CO O
O
o o ~ o o o h u~ In P4 ~` O O ~1 0 0 ~D ~ ~ O O O O
~ I ~ In ~1 o o 9 o o o ~1 ~ oo a r~ o O ~~ O o ~ ~ ~ O O O O
PERBORATE AN~DROUS
This invention relates to perborate anhydrou~ and use thereof in detergent compo.sitions. More particularl~
the invention relates to non-aqueous li~uid detergent compositions comprising perborate anhydrous.
The term "liquid" used herein encompasses pourable liquid to paste-like or gel-type and semi-solid products.
Non-aqueous liquid detergent compositions including paste-like or gela~inous detergent compositions are known in the art and various formulations have been proposed in quite a number of patent publications, e.g.
in US Patents 2,864,770; 2,940,938; 3,368,977: GB-A-1,205,711; 1,270,040; 1,292,352; 1,370,377; DE-A-2 233 771 and EP-B- 0028849.
~
Non-aqueous liquid detergent compositions have several ad~an~ages over aqueous liquid detergent systems. One major advantage is the "dry" environment which makes it possible to incorporate peroxide bleaching agents, such as sodium perborates, sodium percarbonates, sodium persilicates and sodium perphosphates, without special precautions for avoiding contact with water, as is the case with aqueous systems.
Non-aqueous liquid detergent compositions containing a bleaching agent have also been proposed~ GB-A~ 1,205,711, GB-A- 1,292,352 and DE-A- 2 233 771 disclose the use of peroxide bleaching agents, particularly the alkali metal perborates, in non-aqueous liquid detergent compositions.
, ~ ' ~ . .
~ . : . ~ ' - , :
- - ~- . . . .. .
C 7064/1 ~R) 5~
All non-aqueous liquid detergent compositions o~ the art generally comprise a non-aqueous liquid medium with or without a solid phase dispersed therein. The non-aqueous liquiQ medium may be a liquid surfactant, preferably a liquid nonionic surfactant; a non-polar liquid medium, e.g. liquid paraffin; a polar solvent, e.g. polyols such as glycerol, sorbitol, ethylene glycol, optionally combined with low molecular monohydric alcohols, e.g. ethanol or isopropanol: or mixtures thereof.
The solid phase can be builders, alkalis, abrasives, polymers, clays, other solid ionic surfactants, bleaches, enzymes, fluorescent agents and other usual solid detergent ingredients.
However, they all suffer from one general drawbac~; of poor dispersibility or dispensibility, which especially in washing machine operations can lead to high mechanical loss with consequently inadequate performance. Various proposals have been made to improve the rate of dissolution or dispersion, but so far without great success to give a totally adequate dispensing in washing machines with low mechanical loss figures.
A major improvement in the dispensing behaviour can be obtained by the addition of an alkali metal perborate anhydrous, particularly sodium perborate anhydroùs, which is being preferred for its commercial availability.
The use of sodium perborate (anhydrous) in non-aqueous liquid built detergent compositions is disclosed in 35 GB-A- 1,205,711, page 2, line 101, and page 5, Ex~mples XIV(A~ and (B), though no further details are given of w~at is exactly meant hy sodium perborate (anhydrous) and nothing is ~aid about the improved dispersibility.
.: -.
.-~ 5 C 7064/1 (R) The term "sodium perborate anhydrous" used here i~
meant to indicate the product obtained from a further dehydration o~ sodium perborate mono~ydrate by a heat treatment under vacuum or with hot and/or dry air. The preparation of sodium perborate anhydrous, also known as "oxoborate", is described in Ullmann' 9 ~nc~klop~die der technischen Chemie, 4th Ed. 1979, Verlag Chemle, Vol. 17, page 718, and also in EP-B~ 0053859, page 3, lines 15-20.
The degree of conversion from sodium perborate monohydrate to the anhydrous material will depend upon the temperature of heating, vacuum applied or air moisture ~ontent, and the time of the heat treatment.
In the further description of this invention the term "sodium oxoborate" is used to denote the true anhydrous material which on contact with water releases non-reactive gaseous molecular oxygen, termed as developable oxygen, as distinct from active or availabl~ oxygen used to indicate reactive oxygen released by peroxide compound bleaches, e.g. sodium perborate mono- or tetrahydrate.
As already explained before, sodium perborate anhydrous is known in the art. The material as available and presented in the art generally comprises a mixture of sodium oxobora~e and sodium perborate monohydrate and contains a major proportion of sodium oxoborate which causes the material to effervesce on contact with water. The material has found use, for example, as a constituent of denture ~leanser tablets.
Though sodium perborate anhydrous as available on the market is quite sui~able for giving substantial improvement in the dispensing behaviour of non-aqueous liquid detergent compositions lsading to very low ,~' .', ' ~
~5~ C 7064/1 ~R) mechanical lo~s figures, it was observed that when a bleach activator, i.e. a peroxyacid bleach precursor, is incorporated it has a negative influence on the chemical stability of the peroxyacid bleach precursor, thereby decreasing the bleach efficiency.
The use o~ peroxyacid bleach precursors, ~uch a~
N,N,N',N'-tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) i8 currently becoming common practice in the formulation of detergent compositions to provide a low-temperature bleach performance. Sodium perborate anhydrous as known in the art is thereore unsuitable for use in formulations containing a peroxyacid bleach precursor.
Further research has revealed that the destabilisation effect is connected with the oxoborate/monohydrate ratio in the sodium perborate anhydrous material used.
It has now surprisingly been found that the dispensing behaviour of non aqueous liquid detergent compositions can be substantially improved with substantially no risk of impairing the chemical stability of formulations containing a peroxyacid bleach precursor by using a new grade of sodium perborate anhydrou~ in which the soaium perborate monohydrate/sodium oxoborate ratio by weight is at least 1.5:1, preferably at least 2:1. This new grade must be achieved by dehydration of the sodiwm perborate monohydrate to within these limits of specification. Post mixing of sodium perborate monohydrate with excessively dehydrated material gives poor peroxyacid bleach precursor stability.
The higher the weight ratio of monohydrate/oxoborate is in the perborate anhydrous material, the less will be the risk involved of destabilisation of peroxyacid bleach precursors. There is no upper limit ~or said ratio other than for practical reasons, and ratios of , - . - . .: - - . : :. -.
.. :
. .
~X8584S c 7064/1 (R) up to about 30:1 or above can s~ill be used in practice to achieve the desired properties of good dispersibility behaviour, so long as there is sufficient oxoborate in the formulation.
It has been established that ~rom tha heat-drying process to dehydrate sodium perborate monohydrate ~NaB02.H202), not only sodium oxoborate is produced but al80 by-products of undefined nature which do not release either active oxygen or developable oxygen on contact with waterO
The further the dehydration process proceeds, the more of these by-products axe produced. Without wishing to be bound to any theory, it is believed that the presence of these by-products in the formulation may be the cause of the destabilisation effect, especially on peroxyacid bleach precursors.
Seemingly, the quantity of these by-products in the formulation is not primarily responsible for the destabilisation of peroxyacid bleach precursors, but rather the quality thereof. This is clear from the fact that the presence of by-produ~ts in sodium perborate anhydrous having a monohydrate/oxoborate ratio of more than 1.5:1 does not cause substantial destabilisation, whereas a significant destabilisation effect is observed in the presence of the same amount of by-products from sodium perborate anhydrous having lower monohydrate/oxoborate ratios. Apparently other by-products reactive to peroxya~id bleach precursors are formed when the dehydration process proceeds to a stage of more than 40% conversion.
The proportions of perborate monohydrate and o~oborate in the sodium perborate anhydrous material can be analysed from its active or availa~le oxygen content ,~,.
,.......................... ' - : . ~ ' ' -.
: ' '. ' , c 706d,/1 (R) ( equivalent to monohydrate) and it~ developable oxygen content (equivalent to oxoborate).
It ~hould be appreciated that the destab .isation efe~t of ~odium perborate anhydrous on bleach precur~or~ i~ not bound to the phy~ical form of the detergent compo~ltion. Hence, the ~odium perborate anhydrous a~ defined in the pre~ent lnvention will al~o be of advantage for U8e in substantially dry solid and/or partl~ulate detergent composition~, particularly whan a peroxyacid bleach precur~or i~ incorporated.
A convenient method of preparing the new grade of sodium perborate anhydrous i8 by treating the sodium perborate monohydrate with hot a~r in a fluidised bed.
It ha~ been found that an excellent quality of sodium perborate anhydrous having an oxoborate content of between 12~ and 15~ by weight, and by-products at a level of le~s than 10~ by weight can be obtained by u3ing an air inlet temperature of not more than 120~C
and a bed temperature of ~rom llO~C to 114C and thereby keeping the reaction time varying from about 3 hours at a bed ~emperature of llOaC to about 0.75 hour at a bed temperature of 114~C.
The sodium perborate monohydrate in the proce~ of the invention i~ fluidised and heated up with the hot air unt~l the bed temperature reaches to above 110C but not more than 114C; the dehydration process iq stopped by blowing in cool air in replacement of the hot air to : - '- - -' : . - ' .
. .
, . . . .
. ~ . ~. - .
~ : .': ' : . ' ~2~S~ C 7064/1 (~) effect a bed temperature drop. The reaction time i the time mea~ured ~uring which the bed temperature i~ at or above 110C.
A bed temperature of below llO~C is unsuitable ~ince the time required to arrive at ~he desired converslon ~ould be too long, an~ a bed temperature o~ higher th~n 114C would produce a Rodium perborate anhydrou~
quality with by-product~ at level~ of more than 10% by weight.
A preferred proces~ condition i8 that whereby the air inlet temperature i~ from 118-120C, the bed temperature is about 113-114C and the reaction time i~
about one hour at 113C bed temperature to 0.75 hour at a bed temperature of 114C.
The following sodium perborate anhydrous products were obtained:
Bed temperature ~C) 111112 113 113 113.5 114 Reaction time (hr) 2.31.45 1.1 1.0 0,8 0.9 monohydrate %77.7 82.7 77.9 78.878.9 81.6 oxoborate ~ 14.8 9.4 14.5 12.812.5 12.3 by-product~ % 7.5 7.9 7 t 6 8.4 8.6 7.1 Monohydrate/
oxoborate ratio 5.2j8.8 5.4 6.15 6.3 6.6 .
- ,.
.
.: . ; , .. : . .
~3584~; C 7064/I (R) The invention provides a non-aqueous liquid det~rgenk composition compri~ing:
a) from 1~ to 90~ by we.ight of a non-aqueous lîquid phase;
b) from S to 35~ by weight of sodium per~orate anhydrous obtained from dehydration o~ sodium perborate monohydrate, wherein ths ratio by weight of sodium p~rborate monohydrate to ~odium oxoborate is from 1.5sl to 30:1;
c) from 0 to 20~ by weight of a peroxyaci~ bleach prscursor; and d) from 0 to 75~ by weight of other solid constituents.
A marked improvement of the dispersibil~ty can already be obtained with a~ low a level as 0.25~ by weight of ~odium oxoborate in the formulation. Increa~ing the oxoborate level will give an improvement up to a point where the further improvement is relatively 3mall in proportion to the oxoborate content.
In view of thi~, an oxoborate level of about 10% by weight can b~ taken a~ t~e practical maximum level.
A preferred oxoborate level i~ from 1 to 5% by weight, particularly about ~ by weight.
The amount of sodium perborate monohydra~e in the formulation to arrive at a ~atisfactory bleaching effect will be from about 5 to 30% by weight of the compoRition. If a peroxyacid bleach precur~or iff present, which is preferable, said amount will generally be lower, i.e. about 5 to 20~ by weight of the compo~ition.
' .
' ~85845 C 7064/1 (R) In formulating the detergent composition of the invention, the amount of new grade sodium perborate anhydrous incorporated therein will depend upon the monohydrate/oxoborate ratio and should be adjusted to meet the above requirements, if necessary by adding an extra ~mount of sodium perborate monohydrat~ or a mixture of sodium perborate monohydrate and tetrahydrate.
Preferred sodium perborate anhydrous of the invention will have a monohydrate/oxoborate ratio of between 2:1 and 15:1.
Though the invention is mainly described and explained with respect to sodium perborate anhydrous, other alXali metal perborate anhydrous may as well be usable.
Also, it should be appreciated that the new grade of sodium perborate anhydrous can be advantageously used in solid and/or particulate detergent compositions.
The non-aqueous liquid detergent composition of the present invention will generally comprise from 15 to about 90% by weight of a non-aqueous liquid phase, from 5 to 35% by weight of sodium perborate anhydrous as defined hereinbefore, from 0 to 20~, preferably 1-20 by weight of a peroxyacid bleach precursor and rom 0 to 75%, preferably 5-75~ by weight of other solid constituents, including builders, alkaline agents, abrasives, polymers, clays, inorganic carriars, structurants, enzymes, colouring agents, 1uorescers, bactericides, soil-suspending agents, sequestering agents and other usual detergent ingredients, all ingredients being substantially free from water.
The detergent composition of the invention can be presented in the form of a built or an unbui].t pourable liquid, a paste-like or gelatinous product, or a semi-solid product.
~ . .
-.. . .
. :
C 7064/1 (R) ~2~
Depending on its form and formulation, the composition of the invention can find its use in a wide field of applications, such as:
(i) Heavy- and light-duty liquid compositions for fabric washing.
(ii ~iquid abrasive cleaners for hard surfaces.
~iii) Pastes for direct application to ~tains, where the pre~ence of oxoborate can cau~e a temperatu~e rise effect on the cloth when water is added.
(iv) Machine dishwashing creams.
The technique of formulating and of manufacturing non-aqueous liquid detergent compositions are known in the art. The aforementioned listing of patent literature on this art exemplifies the many varieties of formulations and techniques in the art of non-aqueous liquid detergent compositions which the skilled artisan can easily choose as a basis for the composition of the present invention.
Suitable materials forming the non-aquaous liquid phase include polar compounds such as liquid detergent surfactants; polyols (e.g. glycerol, sorbitol~ ethylene glycol and low molecular weight polyethylene glycols) and low molecular weight alcohols (e.g. ethanol, isopropanol), as well as non-polar compounds such as liqui~ paraffins.
Other li~uid solvents which may be usable as more or less suitable non-aqueous liquid medium are further:
Benzyl alcohol; terpene and terpene derivatives (e.g.
limonene); ph~halate esters (e.g. dibutyl phthalate);
natural oils, ~uch as nut oil, vegetable oils, fi~h oil, castor oil, amines, such as mono-, di- and triethanol amines; hydrocarbons (e.g. Shellsol T ~
benzene, toluene); dioxane; dimethyl formamide; and ~ de~lc tes tr~CIe ~a~k . . . ~.
. .. . . . .. - - .
1 ~ ~ 5 ~4 ~ C 7064/1 (R~
glycerol triacetate and other liquid esters. These solvents may be used individually or in admixture with other solvent materials.
Particularly suitable liquid detergent surfactants are nonionic surfactants that are liquid at room temperature.
Nonionic detergent surfactants are well known in the art. They normally consist of a water-solubilising polyoxyalkylene group in chemical combination with an organic hydrophobic group derived, for example, from alkylphenols in which the alkyl group contains from about 6 to about 12 carbon atoms, dialkylphenols in which each alkyl group contains from 6 to 12 carbon atoms, primary, secondary or tertiary aliphatic alcohols having from ~ to 20 carbon atoms, monocarboxylic acids having from 10 to about 24 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, polyoxypropylene, fatty acid mono- and dialkylol amides in which the alkyl group of the fatty acid radical contains from 10 to about 20 carbon atoms and the alkylol group is a lower alkylol group having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and ethoxylated derivatives thereof, for example tallow atty acid amide condensed with 20 moles of ethylene oxide. The nonionic detergent surfactants normally have molecular weights of from about 300 to about 11,000.
Mixtures of different nonionic detergent surfactants may also be used, provided the mixtures are liquid at room temperature. Mixtures of nonionic detergent surfactants with other detergent surfactants such as anionic, cationic and ampholytic detergent surfactants and soaps may also be used, but again such mixtures must be water-free and liquid, paste-like or gel~like at room temperatures.
, . . - ~ -.' ~ .
~ ~35~3~5 c 7064/1 ~R) Examples of suitable anionic detergent surfactants are alkali metal, ammonium or alkylolamine ~alts of alkyl benzene sulph~nates having from 10 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, alkyl and alkylether sulphates - 5 having from 10 to 24 carbon atoms in the alkyl group and from 1 to 5 ethylene oxide groups, olefin sulphonates separated by sulphonation of C1O~C12 alpha-olefin6 and subsequsnt neutralisation and hydrolysis of the sulphonation reaction product.
Examples of cationic detergent surfactants are aliphatic or aromatic higher alkyl di-(lower alkyl) ammonium halides, and examples of soaps are liquid alkali metal salts of C12-C24 fatty ac~d~-The builder salt which may be present in thecomposition of the invention may be any suitable organic and/or inorganic builder salts. Typical examples thereof are the alkali metal ortho-, pyro-, - meta- and tri-polyphosphates, alkal.i metal carbonates, silicates, sodium aluminosilicates (e.g. zeolites), polyacetal-carboxylates, sodium carboxymethyloxy succinate, sodium carboxymethyloxy malonates, sodium citr~te, salts of aminopolycarboxylic acids such as NTA
and EDTA, etc.
The peroxyacid bleach precursors which can be used in the present invention are known in the art. They are generally organic compounds which contain ~-acyl or O-acyl residues in the molecule and which e~ert their activating action on peroxide compounds such as perborate by reacting with said peroxide compound in aqueous solutions with the formation of peroxyacids.
Many types and classes of peroxyacid bleach precu~ors have been described in literature and any of these types and classes can be suitably incorporated in the detergent compositions of the invention. Typical examples thereof are disclosed in US Patent 3,117,148, : . . - . , - -:
- : - - .
. . ~ ~ . .
~2~584~ C 7064/1 (R) GB Patent 907,356, GB Patent 836,988, GB Pa~ent 970,950 and US Patent 4,412,934.
A representative but by no means comprehensive list o.f known peroxy acid bleach precursor~ is :
(1~ Acyl organoamides of the formula RCONR1R2, where RO is a carboxylic acyl radical, Rl i~ an acyl radical, and R2 is an organic radical, as disclosed 10 in US Patent Specification 3,117,148. Examples of peroxyacid precursor compounds falling under this group are: -(a) N,N-diacetylaniline and N-acetylphthalimide;
(b) ~-a~ylhydantoins, such as N,N'-diacetyl-5,5-dimethylhydantoin;
(c) Polyacylated alkylene diamines, such as N,~,~',N'-tetr~acetyl ethylene diaminP (TAED) a.ld N,N,N',N'-tetraacetyl methylene diamine (TAMD) as disclosed in British Patent 907,356;
(d) Acylated glucolurils, such as tetaacetyl glucoluril (TAGIJ) as disclosed in British Patent 1,246,338;
(e) alpha-Acyloxy-(~,~')-polyacyl malonamides, such aæ
alpha-acetoxy-(N,~')-diacetyl malonamide as - disclosed in US PatQnt Specification 3,183,266.
~5 (2) Carboxylic esters of the type as disclosed in British Patent 836,988. Examples of activator~ of thi~
type include phenyl acetate, sodium acetoxy benzene sulphonate, trichloroethylacetate, sorbitol hexaacatate, fructose-pentaacetate, p-nitroben~aldehyda diacetate, isopropenyl acetate, acetyl aceto hydroxamic acid, and acetyl salicylic acid. Other examples are esters of a phenol or substituted phenol with an alpha-~hlorinated lower aliphatic carboxylic acid, such as chloroacetyl phenol and chloroacetylsalicyli~ acid, as disclosed in US Patent 3,130,165.
., .
.
''. ' : .
~. . . . - . ' :' ~ ,, ~85845 C 7064/1 ~R) ~3) Acyl-cyanurates, such as triacetyl or tribenzoyl cyanurates, as disclosed in US Patent 3,332,882.
(4) Carbonic acid or pyrocarbonic acid esters of the ~ormula RlOCOOR2 or R30CO-OCO-OR2, as disclosed in Briti~h Patent 970,950, for example p-carboxy-phehyl -ethyl-carbonic acid ester, p-carboxyphenyl-ethyl-pyrocarbonic acid ester, and sodium sulpho phenylethyl carbonic acid ester.
(5) Optionally sub~tituted anhydrides of benzoic or -~ phthalic acid, for example benzoic anhydride, m-chlorobenzoic anhydride and phthalic anhydride.
(6) Other and similar peroxyacid precursors are : disclosed in EP-A- 00 9~ 021; EP-A- 01 06 584; EP-A-01 06 634; EP-A- 01 18 304; EP-A- 01 20 591J EP-A-01 50 532; EP-A- 01 63 331; EP~A- 01 74 132 and US
Patent 4,283,301.
One preferred peroxyacid bleach precursor ie ~,N,N',N'-tetraacetylethylene diamine (TAED).
Other ingredients commonly incorpor~ted in liquid or solid detergent compositions may also be present as desired, such as hydrotropes, enzymes, enzyme-stabilising agents, fluorescers~ peroxide stabilisers, soil-suspending agents, abrasives (e.g. calcite or silica), suspension stabilisers, anti-soil redeposition agents, perfumes, bactericides, corrosion inhibitors, foam boosters, foam depressors, fabric-softening agents, p~ regulators, as well as other bleaching agents, all without substantially modifying the fundamental characteristics of the composition of the invention.
.
, . ~ ~ . .
- ' '' ~5845 C 7064/1 (R) i There i5 no critical range of the viscosity o the liquid detergent composition of the invention, ana the consistency thereof can be adjusted at will by selecting the type and amount of the liquid components as well as of the type and amount of the solid components, a technique which is familiar to the skilled artisan.
~ he invention will now be illustrated by way of the following Examples.
' : ~ ' ' ' : , .. - . - , : .
In u~
O _~ O O ~ ~N O CO -1 O
O
~ r^l O O ~SJ O O O ~ I N d' r~ O -~ O O ~D ~N O O O O
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rl U~ U~
rr, a:~ O -J O O ~ ~ N O r-l CO O
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o o ~ o o o h u~ In P4 ~` O O ~1 0 0 ~D ~ ~ O O O O
~ I ~ In ~1 o o 9 o o o ~1 ~ oo a r~ o O ~~ O o ~ ~ ~ O O O O
H 1~ 11 ) ~1 0 0 W O O O ~1 ~ O ~
H ~ ~ ~1 O ~
~ ~ O O _~ O O ~ ~ ~ O U~ O
.,, H . . . . , , . . . . I . . O
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c~ u ~
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3 ,~ ~1 ,s 11 ~ h ~d ~ U ~1 O ~ :~ rl lD
3 C) O O O) Q~ S
~ ~1 0 ~ ~ ~ O
o E R o u. a1 ,c ~ 0 ~: -- 0 a~
~1 D\O h O ~ ~
H ~ ~ _ 0 0 ~ ) e ,1 ~ x ~ ~ h ~ U ,~:: m o e ~ o o o o o o l ,~ ,1 ~ rl Q, R R ~ co .Q Q ~
H 3 0 h ~1 ~ ~ rl h ~ ~ h ~ h ~i tQ ~ ~ ~ O Q~ ~ U U ~
1 ~ ~ ~ ~ qa) ~ ~ P4 o O ~ ~n ~ ~ E -- :~: h ~1 ~ C~ O C~ h ~
e~o Q ~ O ~ o ~ o ~ Q a ~¢
~d 0 ~d El t` ~1 O A E-~ 1 5 h ~ ~ ~0 ~ ~3 X ~ ~J O ~I-rl 3 h ~ ~ O O O ~1 0 a): O O
E~ C~ 3 ~ E~
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,, : -~ , ' ' "' ''~ ' : '. ' ~ ',- ' , ' .
17 ~ ~8S845 c 7064/] (K) ~9 ~
o o o co ~r H ~ ~ ~ N
~D N r I
I ~ ~ ') ~D N ~t N ~) . .
H
H ¦ I` d' 0 ~ O h ~ - ~ R
d' d' ~ (~ ~ Q ~
H ~ 5) ~ ~) ~ R
a) u o Q) HI ~ ~ 3 o _ 3 U U ,~ C ~,J~ o ~
~1 u U U
N ~ ~ ~ U ~ ~ 0 ~ U
-- ~ . o\O ~ ~ ~ 8 4, HLl .~ :>. 0 ~ a O
R Qrl 3 3 3 a~ 1:: Q a) o o o Q, ~ ~ CU U = U ~ ~ H U
~ lR W ~ ~ ~ a) o ,C
XO .,1 ~: ~ ~ ~ S O ~ I Uq r~
w tn a E~ ~ H (d ~ :
- -~L~8~;i8qL~i C 7064/1 (R) Example VII
The following compositions within the invention were prepared:
Non-aqueous machine dishwashing cream compositions VII (a) VII (b?
(~ by weighk) C13-C15 primary alcohol/7(E0 ~ P0)40 40 Sodium triphosphate 25 25 10 Sodium hydroxide prills 15 7.5 Calcite 10 15 Sodium metasilicate - 7.5 Sodium perborate anhydrous 10 5 (monohydrate/oxoborate ratio 6:1) Example VIII
The following non-aqueous liquid detergent compositions were prepared and subjected to dispersing and storage experiments.
Composition (~ by weight) VIII C
C13-C15 primary alcohol condensed with 7 moles of E0 + P0 (weight ratio EO/P0 = 92:8) 42.85 42.85 EDTMP 1.0 1.0 Ethylene diamine tetraacetate O.lS 0.15 Sodium ~ripolyphosphate anhydrous 30.030.0 30 Sodium carbonate anhydrous6.0 6.0 Aerosil ~ 380 1.0 1.0 Sodium perborate anhydrous 15.0 4.5 Sodium perborate monohydrate - 10.5 Peroxyacid or precursor 4.0 4.0 , .
.
.
- ~
- , - .;
' 5 8~ C 7064/1 (R) Example VIII (contd.) Composition (% by weight) VIII C
-5 Sodium perborate anhydrous Analysis (%) Monohydrate 78.0 13.0 Oxoborate 14.0 45.0 10 By-products ~.0 42.0 Dispensing behaviourgood good Peroxyacid/precursor stability (% left) (~ left) After 3 weeks at 37C
(a) Glycerol triacetate~0 65.0 (b) Ethylidene heptanoate acetate 90 73.0 ~c) Sodium 3,5,5 trimethyl 20 hexanoyloxy benzene sulphonate 43 28.0 (d) Potassium monopersulphate 90 70.0 -From the above results it is clear that the compositions VIII~a) - VIII(d) containing sodium perborate anhydrous according to the invention showed improved stability of the peroxyacid or peroxyacid precursor as compared with the compositions C(a) - C(d) containing sodium perborate anhydrous outside the lnvention.
.
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c~ u ~
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3 ,~ ~1 ,s 11 ~ h ~d ~ U ~1 O ~ :~ rl lD
3 C) O O O) Q~ S
~ ~1 0 ~ ~ ~ O
o E R o u. a1 ,c ~ 0 ~: -- 0 a~
~1 D\O h O ~ ~
H ~ ~ _ 0 0 ~ ) e ,1 ~ x ~ ~ h ~ U ,~:: m o e ~ o o o o o o l ,~ ,1 ~ rl Q, R R ~ co .Q Q ~
H 3 0 h ~1 ~ ~ rl h ~ ~ h ~ h ~i tQ ~ ~ ~ O Q~ ~ U U ~
1 ~ ~ ~ ~ qa) ~ ~ P4 o O ~ ~n ~ ~ E -- :~: h ~1 ~ C~ O C~ h ~
e~o Q ~ O ~ o ~ o ~ Q a ~¢
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E~ C~ 3 ~ E~
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17 ~ ~8S845 c 7064/] (K) ~9 ~
o o o co ~r H ~ ~ ~ N
~D N r I
I ~ ~ ') ~D N ~t N ~) . .
H
H ¦ I` d' 0 ~ O h ~ - ~ R
d' d' ~ (~ ~ Q ~
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a) u o Q) HI ~ ~ 3 o _ 3 U U ,~ C ~,J~ o ~
~1 u U U
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-- ~ . o\O ~ ~ ~ 8 4, HLl .~ :>. 0 ~ a O
R Qrl 3 3 3 a~ 1:: Q a) o o o Q, ~ ~ CU U = U ~ ~ H U
~ lR W ~ ~ ~ a) o ,C
XO .,1 ~: ~ ~ ~ S O ~ I Uq r~
w tn a E~ ~ H (d ~ :
- -~L~8~;i8qL~i C 7064/1 (R) Example VII
The following compositions within the invention were prepared:
Non-aqueous machine dishwashing cream compositions VII (a) VII (b?
(~ by weighk) C13-C15 primary alcohol/7(E0 ~ P0)40 40 Sodium triphosphate 25 25 10 Sodium hydroxide prills 15 7.5 Calcite 10 15 Sodium metasilicate - 7.5 Sodium perborate anhydrous 10 5 (monohydrate/oxoborate ratio 6:1) Example VIII
The following non-aqueous liquid detergent compositions were prepared and subjected to dispersing and storage experiments.
Composition (~ by weight) VIII C
C13-C15 primary alcohol condensed with 7 moles of E0 + P0 (weight ratio EO/P0 = 92:8) 42.85 42.85 EDTMP 1.0 1.0 Ethylene diamine tetraacetate O.lS 0.15 Sodium ~ripolyphosphate anhydrous 30.030.0 30 Sodium carbonate anhydrous6.0 6.0 Aerosil ~ 380 1.0 1.0 Sodium perborate anhydrous 15.0 4.5 Sodium perborate monohydrate - 10.5 Peroxyacid or precursor 4.0 4.0 , .
.
.
- ~
- , - .;
' 5 8~ C 7064/1 (R) Example VIII (contd.) Composition (% by weight) VIII C
-5 Sodium perborate anhydrous Analysis (%) Monohydrate 78.0 13.0 Oxoborate 14.0 45.0 10 By-products ~.0 42.0 Dispensing behaviourgood good Peroxyacid/precursor stability (% left) (~ left) After 3 weeks at 37C
(a) Glycerol triacetate~0 65.0 (b) Ethylidene heptanoate acetate 90 73.0 ~c) Sodium 3,5,5 trimethyl 20 hexanoyloxy benzene sulphonate 43 28.0 (d) Potassium monopersulphate 90 70.0 -From the above results it is clear that the compositions VIII~a) - VIII(d) containing sodium perborate anhydrous according to the invention showed improved stability of the peroxyacid or peroxyacid precursor as compared with the compositions C(a) - C(d) containing sodium perborate anhydrous outside the lnvention.
.
.~: ' ~ ' . ' ' , , .
- ~ ~
.
Claims (9)
1. Non-aqueous liquid detergent composition comprising:
a) from 15 to 90% by weight of a non-aqueous liquid phase;
b) from 5 to 35% by weight of sodium perborate anhydrous obtained from dehydration of sodium perborate monohydrate, wherein the ratio by weight of sodium perborate monohydrate to sodium oxoborate is from 1.5:1 to 30:1;
c) from 0 to 20% by weight of a peroxyacid bleach precursor; and d) from 0 to 75% by weight of other solid constituents.
a) from 15 to 90% by weight of a non-aqueous liquid phase;
b) from 5 to 35% by weight of sodium perborate anhydrous obtained from dehydration of sodium perborate monohydrate, wherein the ratio by weight of sodium perborate monohydrate to sodium oxoborate is from 1.5:1 to 30:1;
c) from 0 to 20% by weight of a peroxyacid bleach precursor; and d) from 0 to 75% by weight of other solid constituents.
2. Detergent composition according to claim 1, wherein said monohydrate/oxoborate ratio by weight is from 2:1 to 15:1.
3. Detergent composition according to claim 1, which further contains a peroxyacid bleach precursor.
4. Detergent composition according to claim 3, wherein said peroxyacid bleach precursor is N,N,N',N'-tetraacetyl ethylene diamine.
5. Detergent composition according to claim 1, which comprises sodium oxoborate at a level of from 0.25 to 10% by weight.
6. Detergent composition according to claim 5, wherein said sodium oxoborate level is from 1% to 5% by weight.
7. Detergent composition according to claim 1, which comprises from 5% to 30% by weight of sodium perborate monohydrate.
8. Detergent composition according to claim 7, wherein said amount of sodium perborate monohydrate is from 5% to 20% by weight.
9. Detergent composition according to claim 1, wherein said non-aqueous liquid phase is a liquid detergent surfactant selected from the group of nonionic, anionic, cationic, ampholytic detergents and soap, and mixtures thereof.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB858524064A GB8524064D0 (en) | 1985-09-30 | 1985-09-30 | Non-aqueous liquid detergent composition |
| GB8524064 | 1985-09-30 | ||
| GB8531653 | 1985-12-23 | ||
| GB858531653A GB8531653D0 (en) | 1985-12-23 | 1985-12-23 | Detergent composition |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1285845C true CA1285845C (en) | 1991-07-09 |
Family
ID=26289822
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000519074A Expired - Fee Related CA1285845C (en) | 1985-09-30 | 1986-09-25 | Non-aqueous liquid detergent composition and perborate anhydrous |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4772412A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0217454B1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU583425B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8604690A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1285845C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3684217D1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2001807A6 (en) |
Families Citing this family (33)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NZ221555A (en) * | 1986-09-09 | 1989-08-29 | Colgate Palmolive Co | Detergent composition containing inorganic bleach and a liquid activator |
| GB8625974D0 (en) * | 1986-10-30 | 1986-12-03 | Unilever Plc | Non-aqueous liquid detergent |
| GB8712430D0 (en) * | 1987-05-27 | 1987-07-01 | Procter & Gamble | Liquid detergent |
| US4919834A (en) * | 1988-09-28 | 1990-04-24 | The Clorox Company | Package for controlling the stability of a liquid nonaqueous detergent |
| US4874537A (en) * | 1988-09-28 | 1989-10-17 | The Clorox Company | Stable liquid nonaqueous detergent compositions |
| GB8823705D0 (en) * | 1988-10-10 | 1988-11-16 | Unilever Plc | Liquid detergent products |
| DE3842008A1 (en) * | 1988-12-14 | 1990-06-21 | Hoechst Ag | USE OF TRIACYLATED EHTANOLAMINES AS LIQUID, WATER-MIXABLE PEROXIDE ACTIVATORS |
| US5468418A (en) * | 1990-02-26 | 1995-11-21 | Lever Brothers Company, Division Of Conopco, Inc. | Detergent composition containing mixture of hydratable and non-hydratable salts |
| DE4030850A1 (en) * | 1990-09-29 | 1992-04-02 | Henkel Kgaa | Pasty bleaching agent compsn. - comprising perborate mono:hydrate in liq. medium comprising addn. prod. of ethylene oxide with long chain satd. alcohol |
| GB9124489D0 (en) * | 1991-11-18 | 1992-01-08 | Unilever Plc | Liquid cleaning products |
| GB9207981D0 (en) * | 1992-04-10 | 1992-05-27 | Interox Chemicals Ltd | Liquid bleach and detergent compositions |
| US6916596B2 (en) | 1993-06-25 | 2005-07-12 | Michael Wen-Chein Yang | Laser imaged printing plates |
| US6756181B2 (en) | 1993-06-25 | 2004-06-29 | Polyfibron Technologies, Inc. | Laser imaged printing plates |
| DE19535082A1 (en) * | 1995-09-21 | 1997-03-27 | Henkel Ecolab Gmbh & Co Ohg | Paste-like detergent and cleaning agent |
| DE19605526A1 (en) | 1996-02-15 | 1997-08-21 | Hoechst Ag | Ammonium nitriles and their use as bleach activators |
| DE19635070A1 (en) * | 1996-08-30 | 1998-03-05 | Clariant Gmbh | Liquid bleach suspension |
| DE69627847T2 (en) * | 1996-09-13 | 2004-03-11 | The Procter & Gamble Company, Cincinnati | Methods and compositions for bleaching laundry |
| US6087312A (en) * | 1996-09-13 | 2000-07-11 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Laundry bleaching processes and compositions |
| DE19719397A1 (en) * | 1997-05-07 | 1998-11-12 | Clariant Gmbh | Bleach-active metal complexes |
| WO1999000483A1 (en) * | 1997-06-27 | 1999-01-07 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Non aqueous, particulate-containing structured liquid detergent compositions |
| DE19728021A1 (en) * | 1997-07-01 | 1999-01-07 | Clariant Gmbh | Metal complexes as bleach activators |
| US20030198605A1 (en) * | 1998-02-13 | 2003-10-23 | Montgomery R. Eric | Light-activated tooth whitening composition and method of using same |
| US6162055A (en) * | 1998-02-13 | 2000-12-19 | Britesmile, Inc. | Light activated tooth whitening composition and method of using same |
| GB2337055A (en) * | 1998-05-08 | 1999-11-10 | Procter & Gamble | Effervescent particle |
| DE19925275A1 (en) * | 1999-06-02 | 2000-12-07 | Henkel Kgaa | Non-aqueous liquid dish detergent |
| US7615524B2 (en) * | 2000-02-17 | 2009-11-10 | The Procter & Gamble Co. | Laundry additive sachet |
| DE10011273A1 (en) * | 2000-03-08 | 2001-09-20 | Henkel Kgaa | Non-aqueous liquid laundry and other detergents containing nonionic surfactant and/or anionic surfactant contain bleach activator in liquid form |
| US6451746B1 (en) * | 2000-11-03 | 2002-09-17 | Chemlink Laboratories, Llc | Carrier for liquid ingredients to be used in effervescent products |
| US6440906B1 (en) * | 2000-11-03 | 2002-08-27 | Chemlink Laboratories, Llc | Solvent for liquid ingredients to be used in effervescent products |
| US6491947B2 (en) | 2000-11-03 | 2002-12-10 | Chemlink Laboratories, Llc | Expanded perborate salt, use, and method of production |
| DE102005043189A1 (en) * | 2005-09-09 | 2007-03-15 | Henkel Kgaa | Consumable products with fragrance variety |
| DE102011080099A1 (en) * | 2011-07-29 | 2013-01-31 | Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa | Washing or cleaning agent with electrochemically activatable mediator compound |
| DE102014213311A1 (en) * | 2014-07-09 | 2016-01-14 | Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa | Novel washing process with electrochemically activatable mediator compound |
Family Cites Families (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1074187B (en) * | 1956-10-03 | 1960-01-28 | The Procter ·&. Gamble Company, Cincinnati, Ohio (V. St. A.) | Thixotropic, liquid cleaning agent |
| US2940938A (en) * | 1956-10-05 | 1960-06-14 | Procter & Gamble | Process of making a colloidal suspension of phosphates |
| US3368977A (en) * | 1965-03-23 | 1968-02-13 | Monsanto Co | Built liquid detergent compositions |
| FR1494651A (en) * | 1965-09-30 | 1967-09-08 | Fmc Corp | Process for obtaining perborate-based compounds liable to effervescence on contact with water |
| AT291414B (en) * | 1967-01-27 | 1971-07-12 | Unilever Nv | Detergents and cleaning agents |
| LU52892A1 (en) * | 1967-01-27 | 1968-08-28 | ||
| DK129804A (en) * | 1969-01-17 | |||
| SE381672B (en) * | 1971-07-15 | 1975-12-15 | Mo Och Domsjoe Ab | LIQUID DETERGENT COMPOSITION |
| GB1370377A (en) * | 1971-11-15 | 1974-10-16 | Procter & Gamble Ltd | Composition and method for cleaning hard surfaces |
| US3956159A (en) * | 1974-11-25 | 1976-05-11 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Stable concentrated liquid peroxygen bleach composition |
| GB1600981A (en) * | 1977-06-09 | 1981-10-21 | Ici Ltd | Detergent composition |
| FR2417470A1 (en) * | 1978-02-16 | 1979-09-14 | Air Liquide | Anhydrous sodium perborate prepn. - by dehydration of hydrated sodium perborate in presence of hot, decarbonated, dry air |
| EP0028849B1 (en) * | 1979-11-09 | 1983-09-28 | Unilever N.V. | Non-aqueous, built liquid detergent composition and method for preparing same |
| EP0053859B1 (en) * | 1980-12-09 | 1985-04-03 | Unilever N.V. | Bleach activator granules |
| US4539131B1 (en) * | 1982-06-25 | 1990-09-04 | Lever Brothers Ltd | Solid detergent composition containing sodium perborate monohydrate having specified surface area |
| GB8308508D0 (en) * | 1983-03-28 | 1983-05-05 | Ici Plc | Detergent compositions |
| US4518520A (en) * | 1983-04-22 | 1985-05-21 | Warner-Lambert Company | Cleaner having improved dissolution time and clarity and improved of preparation |
-
1986
- 1986-09-17 DE DE8686201599T patent/DE3684217D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1986-09-17 EP EP19860201599 patent/EP0217454B1/en not_active Expired
- 1986-09-23 US US06/910,547 patent/US4772412A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1986-09-24 AU AU63153/86A patent/AU583425B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1986-09-25 CA CA000519074A patent/CA1285845C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1986-09-29 ES ES8602277A patent/ES2001807A6/en not_active Expired
- 1986-09-29 BR BR8604690A patent/BR8604690A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0217454A3 (en) | 1988-03-30 |
| EP0217454B1 (en) | 1992-03-11 |
| BR8604690A (en) | 1987-06-23 |
| US4772412A (en) | 1988-09-20 |
| ES2001807A6 (en) | 1988-06-16 |
| AU583425B2 (en) | 1989-04-27 |
| AU6315386A (en) | 1987-04-02 |
| DE3684217D1 (en) | 1992-04-16 |
| EP0217454A2 (en) | 1987-04-08 |
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