CA1285707C - Heart valve - Google Patents
Heart valveInfo
- Publication number
- CA1285707C CA1285707C CA000509208A CA509208A CA1285707C CA 1285707 C CA1285707 C CA 1285707C CA 000509208 A CA000509208 A CA 000509208A CA 509208 A CA509208 A CA 509208A CA 1285707 C CA1285707 C CA 1285707C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- leaflet
- orifice ring
- heart valve
- pivots
- leaflets
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/24—Heart valves ; Vascular valves, e.g. venous valves; Heart implants, e.g. passive devices for improving the function of the native valve or the heart muscle; Transmyocardial revascularisation [TMR] devices; Valves implantable in the body
- A61F2/2409—Support rings therefor, e.g. for connecting valves to tissue
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/24—Heart valves ; Vascular valves, e.g. venous valves; Heart implants, e.g. passive devices for improving the function of the native valve or the heart muscle; Transmyocardial revascularisation [TMR] devices; Valves implantable in the body
- A61F2/2403—Heart valves ; Vascular valves, e.g. venous valves; Heart implants, e.g. passive devices for improving the function of the native valve or the heart muscle; Transmyocardial revascularisation [TMR] devices; Valves implantable in the body with pivoting rigid closure members
- A61F2/2406—Heart valves ; Vascular valves, e.g. venous valves; Heart implants, e.g. passive devices for improving the function of the native valve or the heart muscle; Transmyocardial revascularisation [TMR] devices; Valves implantable in the body with pivoting rigid closure members without fixed axis
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
Bileaflet biconical heart valve which duplicates the hemodynamics of a natural heart valve in the human heart where tips of biconical halves of the heart valve pivot outwardly in a manner representing that of natural heart valve tissue. In one embodiment of the present invention, biconical halves move about outflow pivots while in two other embodiments, the biconical halves pivot on outflow pivots where each biconical half pivots about or on two spaced pivots extending inwardly from an orifice ring at adjacent lower ends of each biconical half.
Bileaflet biconical heart valve which duplicates the hemodynamics of a natural heart valve in the human heart where tips of biconical halves of the heart valve pivot outwardly in a manner representing that of natural heart valve tissue. In one embodiment of the present invention, biconical halves move about outflow pivots while in two other embodiments, the biconical halves pivot on outflow pivots where each biconical half pivots about or on two spaced pivots extending inwardly from an orifice ring at adjacent lower ends of each biconical half.
Description
~ ~2~5i7~337 CROSS REFERENCES TO CO PENDING APPLICATIONS
B~CKGROUND OF _~E INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention - The present invention per-tains to a heart valve and, more importantly, pertains to a bileaflet biconical heart valve for surgical implan-tation.
~. Description of the Prior Art -- Prior art heart valves have attempted to mimic the natural heart valve in the hemodynamic characteristics of the natural heart valve. Most importantly, -the leaflets of the prior art heart valves have attemp-ted to duplicate the raPid closure of the natural heart valve. This has not been closely attained by the prior art heart valves.
Some prior art heart valves have made attempts to have the tips of mechanical heart valves move outwardly in a manner similar to that of natural heart valves, but have been unable to accomplish this mechanically with respect to natural tissue move-ment of natural heart valves. The movement of the -tips of the natural heart valve regulates the hemodynamic flow of the blood, ~s well as other characteristics of passage of the blood through the human heart.
Finallyl the prior art mechanical or tissue valves have not been provided with an oval shape which appro~imates some of ; the existing natural heart valves. This is especially important as the average heart valve in an individual is not always round, but sometimes approximates an oval geometrical cross-sectional config-uration.
The present inven-tion overcomes the disadvantages of the ~k ~LZ~ i7~7 prior art by providing a bileaflet biconical heart valve which duplicates -the natural movements of a human heart valve, and closely approximates the hemodynamic flow through -the heart valve.
The bileaflet biconical heart valve can be manufactured with either a circular or oval geometrical cross-section.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The general purpose of the present inven-tion is a bileaflet biconical heart valve which provides for rapid closure of the bileaflet half portions, and approxima-tes the hemodynamic flow of blood through the mechanical bileaflet biconical heart valveO While the bileaflet biconical heart valve is for the mitral heart valve application, the valve can be used as an aortic valve also. The bileaflet biconical heart valve can also be manu-factured in an oval geometrical configuration to approximate the natural geometrical cross-sectional configuration of a heart valve in the heart.
The present invention provides a heart valve comprising:
a. orifice ring; b. opposing pairs of symmetrically spaced pivots extending inwardly from a lower portion of said orifice ring; c.
opposing pair of symmetrically spaced inwardly extending leaflet retaining bossas positioned on upper portions of each end of said orifice ring; d. pair of opposing symmetrically spaced closure protrusions extending inwardly from a mid portion of said orifice ring, and; e. two biconical occluding leaflets for rotational movement about each pair of said pivots, edges of each of said leaflets for movement within said leaflet retaining bosses, and each of said leaflets rest against each of said closure protru `` ~285'~
sions in a closed occluding position. The leaflet retaining bosses include rotational guides, stop seats, and stop surfaces for each bileaflet~
One embodiment of the present invention provides a bileaflet biconical heart valve including an oriflce ring, opposing symmetrical outflow pivot pins supporting each biconical occluder halves on opposing pivot points at a lower portion of the biconical half within the orifice ring, a plurality of spaced opposing leaflet retaining protrusions; a plurality of leaflet stop bosses spaced about each of the biconical halves and ex-tending outwardly within the orifice ring for closure of each of the biconical halves, and two opposing closure protrusions for extending outwardly from the interior of the orifice ring.
A further embodiment of the present invention provides a bileaflet biconical heart valve of the last embodiment where the elongated leaflet retainer protrusions are significantly reduced in size forming leaflet retainer protrusions.
One significant aspect and feature of the present inven-tion is a bileaflet biconical heart valve which includes two biconical occluding leaflets which duplicate the natural heart valve rhythm. The heart valve includes two occluding biconical leaflet~ which duplicate the natural heart valve, as well as the rhythm of a natural heart valve. The tips of the biconical occluding leaflets ~ove out in a manner like that of a natural heart valve and simulate the natural tissue of a heart valve.
Another significant aspect and feature of the present invention is a bileafle-t biconical heart valve which closely 35~7~7 approximates the hemodynamic -flow of blood through a natural heart valve. This is particularly important for heart valves utilized in mitral heart valve applications.
A further significant aspect and feature of the present invention is a bileaflet biconical heart valve which can be manu-factured into an oval geome-trical cross-sectional configuration, which is particularly important, as natural heart valves are not always circular, but tend to approximate more closely that of an oval configuration.
Having thus described embodiments of the present inven-tion, it is a principal object hereof to provide a bileaflet hiconical heart valve.
One object of the present invention is to provide a bileaflet biconical heart valve which duplicates the natural rhythm and hemodynamic ~low of a natural heart valve where the biconical halves moves in a similar fashion to natural tissue oE a natural heart valve.
Another object of the present invenkion is to provide a bileaflet biconical heart valve where the tips of each biconical occluding leaflet movement approximates movement of tissue of a natural heart valve.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
. ~
Other objects and many of the attendant advantages of the present invention will be readily appreciated as the same becomes better understood by reference to the following detailed descriptions when considered in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which like reference numerals designate like parts L2~571~7 throughout the figures thereof and wherein:
Figure 1 illustrates a top view of a bileaflet biconical heart valve of the present invention;
Figure 2 illustrates a bottom view, Figure 3 illustrates a view taXen along line 3-3, excluding leaflet halves, of Figure l;
Figure 4 illustrates a side view partially in cross-sec-tion with biconical occluding leaflet halves closed;
Figure 5 illustrates a view in cross-section with the biconical halves open;
Figure 6 illustrates a top view with the biconical halves open;
Figure 7 illustrates a bottom view with the biconical halves open;
Figure 8 illustrates a second embodiment of the present invention of a top view of a bileaflet biconical heart valve;
Figure 9 illustrates a bottom view;
Figure 10 illustrates a view taken along line 10-10, excluding leaflet halves, of Figure 8;
Figure 11 illustrates a side view partially in cross-section with biconical occluding leaflet halves closed;
Figure 12 illustrates a view in cross-section with the biconical halves open;
Figure 13 illustrates a top view with the biconical halves open;
Figure 14 illustrates a bottom view with the biconical halves open;
~2~5~7 Figure 15 illustrates a third embodiment of the present invention of a top view of a bileaflet biconical heart valve, Figure 16 illustrates a bottom view;
Figure 17 illustrates a view taken along line 17-17, excluding leaflet halves, of Figure 15, Figure 18 illustrates a side view partially in cross-section with biconical occluding leaflet halves closed;
Figure 19 illustrates a view in cross-section with the biconical halves open;
Figure 20 illustrates a top view with the biconical halves open; and, Figure 21 illustrates a bottom view with the biconical halves open.
DESCRIPTIO~ OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Figure 1, which illustrates a top vi~w of a bileaflet biconical heart valve 10, the present invention, shows the biconi-cal heart valve 10 including a valve housing orifice ring 12, and biconical occluding leaflet halves 14 and 16, including chamfered machined leaflet valve corners 18, 20, 22 and 24 as shown in Figure 2, for closing occluding leaflet halves 14 and 16 which include closure surfaces 26 and 28 and round beveled closure sur-faces 30 and 32. Leaflet retaining bosses 34 and 36 align on opposing ends of khe closure access of the valve and extend inwardly from opposing upper, mid, and lower portions of the ori-fice ring 12. Closure protrusions 38 and 40 determine the closure access of the leaflets 14 and 16 and extend inwardly from opposing mid por~ions of the orifice ring 12. The leaflet retaining bosses ~%8~
34 and 36 and leaflet closure protrusions 38 and 40, symmetrically extend inwardly from the orifice ring 12 as also illustrated in Figure 3. Corresponding and opposing outflow pivot pins 42 and 44 and 46 and 48, illus-trated in hidden lines, extend inwardly Erom a lower portion oE the orifice ring 12, providing for pivoting of the leaflets during movement of the biconical occluding leaflet halves 14 and 16 which ride on each of the partially rounded pivot pins 42, 44, 46, and 48.
Figure 2 illustrates a bottom view of the biconical heart valve 10 of Figure 1 wherein the valve has been rotated about its pictorial vertical axis, and where all numerals corres-pond to those elements previously described. Shown in particular, in hidden lines, are leaflet retaining bosses 34 and 36. Opposing leaflet retaining boss center members 58 and 59 are also illus-trated, which are later described in detail.
Figure 3 illustrates a view taken along line 3-3, excluding leaflet halves 14 and 16 of Figure 1 where all numerals correspond to those elements previously described. The outflow pivots 44 and 48 include flat portions 52 and 50. The leaflet retaining boss 34 includes symmetrical opposing rotational guides 54 and 56, center member 58, stop seats 60 and 62, and small stop surfaces 64 and 66, as well as large stop surfaces 68 and 70.
Like associated elements on the like opposing side of the heart valve 10 are not numbered for purpose of brevity in the specifica-tion and drawing. The closure protrusions 38 and 40 include clos-ure protrusion surfaces 72 and 74, respectively.
Figure 4 illustrates a side view, partially in section, showing the biconical leaflet halves 14 and 16 in a closed posi-tion, as illustrated in Figures 1 and 2. All numerals correspond to those elements previously described. Tips 76 and 78 of each of the leaflets are illustrated.
Figure 5 illustrates a side view in section of the biconical leaflet halves 14 and 16 in an open position, providing for the passage of blood in a hemodynamic flow which approximates that of a natural valve. All numerals correspond to those previously described.
Figure 6 illustrates a top view, in full, of Figure 5.
All numerals correspond to those previously described. The posi-tion of tips 76 and 78 are noted. The opening resembles a modi-fied hexagon cross-section.
Figure 7 illustrates a bottom view of Figure 6 where all numerals correspond to those elements previously described.
MODE OF OPERATION
The heart valve lO of the present invention can be manu-factured in a plurality of si~ed diameters. The particular size of the heart v~lve is determined by the sewing ring, not illus-trated, around the outer diameter of the orifice ring 12. Sewin~rings are known in the prior art which usually are a knitted teflon ring. Prior to implant, a surgeon will size the diameter of the tissue orifice, such as through the use of heart valve sizers which are also known in the prior art. Once a diameter of the heart valve implant is determined, the appropriate diameter heart valve can be selected from surgical supply stock accordin~-ly. The diameter of the mitral or aortic valves will vary, of L28~
course, from one individual to another individual, and of course being dependent upon an adult ~ale, an adult female, or a small child.
The orifice ring 12 can be manufactured from a suitable material, such as titanium or stainless steel. The bileaElets 16 and 14 can be manufactured from Pyrolite carbon. These materials are currently used in heart valves and approved for use by the FDA. The materials are light weight and radiopaque, which are particularly lended to these types of applications. The orifice ring 12, including the leaflet retaining bosses 34 and 36, the closure protrusions 38 and 40, and the pivots 42 48 can all be manufactured from a single metallic unit, such as by computer machining the orifice ring and components from a single piece of titanium, for example.
In describing the mode of operation of the bileaflet biconical heart valve 10, as illustrated in Figures 1-7, movement of the leaflets 14 and 16 are identical with respect to each other about the pivots 42-48. Figures 1, 2, and 4 illustrate the leaf-lets 14 and 16 in a closed position at re9t, resting on the pivots 42-48, which are aligned against the leaflet retaining boss center members 58 and 59. Each of the leaflets 14 and 16 are in a free floating, non-binding position with respect to the internal wall of the orifice ring 12 and provide for mating of the closure sur-faces 26 and 28 in a closed position. The leaflets rest against the surfaces 72 and 74 of the closure protrusions 38 and 40 in a rest position, as well as against the center members 58 and 59, and on the pivots 42-48.
_ g _ 1285'70~
The leaflets 14 and 16 pivo-t based on pressure differen-tials during blood flow. EaCh of the leaflets 14 and 16 move between a closed position of Figures 1, 2 and ~ to an open posi-tion of Figures 5-7. The leaflet retaining bosses 34 and 36 main-tain the leaflets within the orifice ring during pivoting move-ment, and provide for movement of each of -the leaflets conforming to the aligned surfaces of the leaflet retaining bosses 34 and 36.
The leaflets move in such a manner that the tips 76 and 78 of each of the leaflets can be described as an arcuate movement path.
Figure 5 best illustrates the leaflets 14 and 16 in a fully open position where the leaflets have moved over and about the pivots 44 and 46, and rest on the flat portions of 50 and 52 of the pivots in a fully opened position. The pressure differential between the proximal side and distal side of the heart valve provides for the pivoting action of each of the leaflets, based on the flow of the blood. The pivoting of the leaflet is provided by the rotational guides 54 and 56, as illustrated in Figure 3, for which the edges 18 and 20 of each leaflet pivots about and the leaflet subsequently comes to a fully opened position against stop surfaces 64 and 66, as well as 68 and 70 of bosses 34 and 36.
Figures 6 and 7 illustrates the leaflets 14 and 16 in a fully opened position providing for free flow of optimized volume of blood through the central orifice created by the tips 76 and 78 of the respect leaflets. ~he outward bound shape of the valve in a fully opened position resembles a slightly elongated hexagonal opening providing for minimum blood flow turbulence during the flow of blood through the valve 12.
-~ ~2~
The closure of the heart valve 10 is accounted for by a decrease in pressure on the proximal side with respect to the distal side in that blood flows back through the valve orifice.
As a consequence, the reverse f]ow pivots the leaflets downwardly to a position as illustrated in Figures 1, 2, and 4. The free floating leaflets respond quickly to reverse blood flow through the valve providing rapid closure. The closure between the sur-faces 26 and 28 is so minimal as to provide for a negligible, if any, leakage of blood when the leaflets are closed.
SECO~D-EMBODIMENT
Figure 8, which illustrates a top view of bileaflet biconical heart valve 100, the present invention, shows the heart valve 100 including a valve housing orifice ring 102 and biconical occluding leaflet halves 104 and 106 as later described~ Leaflet halves 104 and 106 include closure surfaces 108 and 110, round beveled closure surfaces 112 and 114, and pivot slots 116, 122, 118, and 120, respectively. Opposing aligned leaflet stop bosses 124 and 126 and 128 and 130, symmetrically align on opposing interior upper portions of the orifice ring 102. Closure protru-sions 132 and 134 extend inwardly from the mid portion of orifice ring 102 and determine the closure of the leaflets 104 and 106, respectively. The leaflet stop bosses 124-130 and leaflet closure protrusions 132 and 134 extend inwardly from the orifice ring 102.
Corresponding and opposing outflow pivots 136 and 138 and 140 and 142, illustrated in hidden lines, extend inwardly in a lower por-tion of ring 102, as illustrated, providing for pivoting of the leaflets 104 and 106 on pivots 136-142 during movement of the biconical leaflet occluding halves 104 and 106. Elongated leaf-let retainer protrusions 144, 146, 148 and 150 extend inwardly fro~ a mid portion of the orifice ring 102 enhancing rotational engagement oE biconical occluding leaflet halves 104 and 106 about the outflow pivots 136-142.
Figure 9 illustrates a bottom view of the biconical heart valve 100 of Figure 8 wherein the valve has been rotated about its pictorial vertical axis. All numerals correspond to those elements previously described.
Figure 10 illustrates a section view taken along line 10-10, excluding leaflet halves 104 and 106, of Figure 8 where the numerals correspond to those elements previously des-cribed. The outflow pivots 138 and 142, stop bosses 124 and 128 and elongated leaf retainer protrusions 146 and 148 extend inward-ly from orifice ring 102. The closure protrusions 132 and 134 include closure protrusion surfaces 152 and 154, respectively.
Figure 11 illustrates a side view, partially in section, showing the biconical leaflet halves 104 and 106 in a closed posi-tion, as previously illustrated in Figures 8 and 9. All numerals correspond to those elements previously described. Tips 155 and 157 of each of the leaflets are illustrated.
Figure 12 illustrates a side view in section of the biconical leaflet halves 104 and 106 in an open position, provid-ing for the passage of blood in a hemodynamic flow which approxi-mates that of a natural heart valve. All numerals correspond to those elements previously described.
Figure 13 illustrates a top view, in full, of Figure 12.
B~CKGROUND OF _~E INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention - The present invention per-tains to a heart valve and, more importantly, pertains to a bileaflet biconical heart valve for surgical implan-tation.
~. Description of the Prior Art -- Prior art heart valves have attempted to mimic the natural heart valve in the hemodynamic characteristics of the natural heart valve. Most importantly, -the leaflets of the prior art heart valves have attemp-ted to duplicate the raPid closure of the natural heart valve. This has not been closely attained by the prior art heart valves.
Some prior art heart valves have made attempts to have the tips of mechanical heart valves move outwardly in a manner similar to that of natural heart valves, but have been unable to accomplish this mechanically with respect to natural tissue move-ment of natural heart valves. The movement of the -tips of the natural heart valve regulates the hemodynamic flow of the blood, ~s well as other characteristics of passage of the blood through the human heart.
Finallyl the prior art mechanical or tissue valves have not been provided with an oval shape which appro~imates some of ; the existing natural heart valves. This is especially important as the average heart valve in an individual is not always round, but sometimes approximates an oval geometrical cross-sectional config-uration.
The present inven-tion overcomes the disadvantages of the ~k ~LZ~ i7~7 prior art by providing a bileaflet biconical heart valve which duplicates -the natural movements of a human heart valve, and closely approximates the hemodynamic flow through -the heart valve.
The bileaflet biconical heart valve can be manufactured with either a circular or oval geometrical cross-section.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The general purpose of the present inven-tion is a bileaflet biconical heart valve which provides for rapid closure of the bileaflet half portions, and approxima-tes the hemodynamic flow of blood through the mechanical bileaflet biconical heart valveO While the bileaflet biconical heart valve is for the mitral heart valve application, the valve can be used as an aortic valve also. The bileaflet biconical heart valve can also be manu-factured in an oval geometrical configuration to approximate the natural geometrical cross-sectional configuration of a heart valve in the heart.
The present invention provides a heart valve comprising:
a. orifice ring; b. opposing pairs of symmetrically spaced pivots extending inwardly from a lower portion of said orifice ring; c.
opposing pair of symmetrically spaced inwardly extending leaflet retaining bossas positioned on upper portions of each end of said orifice ring; d. pair of opposing symmetrically spaced closure protrusions extending inwardly from a mid portion of said orifice ring, and; e. two biconical occluding leaflets for rotational movement about each pair of said pivots, edges of each of said leaflets for movement within said leaflet retaining bosses, and each of said leaflets rest against each of said closure protru `` ~285'~
sions in a closed occluding position. The leaflet retaining bosses include rotational guides, stop seats, and stop surfaces for each bileaflet~
One embodiment of the present invention provides a bileaflet biconical heart valve including an oriflce ring, opposing symmetrical outflow pivot pins supporting each biconical occluder halves on opposing pivot points at a lower portion of the biconical half within the orifice ring, a plurality of spaced opposing leaflet retaining protrusions; a plurality of leaflet stop bosses spaced about each of the biconical halves and ex-tending outwardly within the orifice ring for closure of each of the biconical halves, and two opposing closure protrusions for extending outwardly from the interior of the orifice ring.
A further embodiment of the present invention provides a bileaflet biconical heart valve of the last embodiment where the elongated leaflet retainer protrusions are significantly reduced in size forming leaflet retainer protrusions.
One significant aspect and feature of the present inven-tion is a bileaflet biconical heart valve which includes two biconical occluding leaflets which duplicate the natural heart valve rhythm. The heart valve includes two occluding biconical leaflet~ which duplicate the natural heart valve, as well as the rhythm of a natural heart valve. The tips of the biconical occluding leaflets ~ove out in a manner like that of a natural heart valve and simulate the natural tissue of a heart valve.
Another significant aspect and feature of the present invention is a bileafle-t biconical heart valve which closely 35~7~7 approximates the hemodynamic -flow of blood through a natural heart valve. This is particularly important for heart valves utilized in mitral heart valve applications.
A further significant aspect and feature of the present invention is a bileaflet biconical heart valve which can be manu-factured into an oval geome-trical cross-sectional configuration, which is particularly important, as natural heart valves are not always circular, but tend to approximate more closely that of an oval configuration.
Having thus described embodiments of the present inven-tion, it is a principal object hereof to provide a bileaflet hiconical heart valve.
One object of the present invention is to provide a bileaflet biconical heart valve which duplicates the natural rhythm and hemodynamic ~low of a natural heart valve where the biconical halves moves in a similar fashion to natural tissue oE a natural heart valve.
Another object of the present invenkion is to provide a bileaflet biconical heart valve where the tips of each biconical occluding leaflet movement approximates movement of tissue of a natural heart valve.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
. ~
Other objects and many of the attendant advantages of the present invention will be readily appreciated as the same becomes better understood by reference to the following detailed descriptions when considered in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which like reference numerals designate like parts L2~571~7 throughout the figures thereof and wherein:
Figure 1 illustrates a top view of a bileaflet biconical heart valve of the present invention;
Figure 2 illustrates a bottom view, Figure 3 illustrates a view taXen along line 3-3, excluding leaflet halves, of Figure l;
Figure 4 illustrates a side view partially in cross-sec-tion with biconical occluding leaflet halves closed;
Figure 5 illustrates a view in cross-section with the biconical halves open;
Figure 6 illustrates a top view with the biconical halves open;
Figure 7 illustrates a bottom view with the biconical halves open;
Figure 8 illustrates a second embodiment of the present invention of a top view of a bileaflet biconical heart valve;
Figure 9 illustrates a bottom view;
Figure 10 illustrates a view taken along line 10-10, excluding leaflet halves, of Figure 8;
Figure 11 illustrates a side view partially in cross-section with biconical occluding leaflet halves closed;
Figure 12 illustrates a view in cross-section with the biconical halves open;
Figure 13 illustrates a top view with the biconical halves open;
Figure 14 illustrates a bottom view with the biconical halves open;
~2~5~7 Figure 15 illustrates a third embodiment of the present invention of a top view of a bileaflet biconical heart valve, Figure 16 illustrates a bottom view;
Figure 17 illustrates a view taken along line 17-17, excluding leaflet halves, of Figure 15, Figure 18 illustrates a side view partially in cross-section with biconical occluding leaflet halves closed;
Figure 19 illustrates a view in cross-section with the biconical halves open;
Figure 20 illustrates a top view with the biconical halves open; and, Figure 21 illustrates a bottom view with the biconical halves open.
DESCRIPTIO~ OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Figure 1, which illustrates a top vi~w of a bileaflet biconical heart valve 10, the present invention, shows the biconi-cal heart valve 10 including a valve housing orifice ring 12, and biconical occluding leaflet halves 14 and 16, including chamfered machined leaflet valve corners 18, 20, 22 and 24 as shown in Figure 2, for closing occluding leaflet halves 14 and 16 which include closure surfaces 26 and 28 and round beveled closure sur-faces 30 and 32. Leaflet retaining bosses 34 and 36 align on opposing ends of khe closure access of the valve and extend inwardly from opposing upper, mid, and lower portions of the ori-fice ring 12. Closure protrusions 38 and 40 determine the closure access of the leaflets 14 and 16 and extend inwardly from opposing mid por~ions of the orifice ring 12. The leaflet retaining bosses ~%8~
34 and 36 and leaflet closure protrusions 38 and 40, symmetrically extend inwardly from the orifice ring 12 as also illustrated in Figure 3. Corresponding and opposing outflow pivot pins 42 and 44 and 46 and 48, illus-trated in hidden lines, extend inwardly Erom a lower portion oE the orifice ring 12, providing for pivoting of the leaflets during movement of the biconical occluding leaflet halves 14 and 16 which ride on each of the partially rounded pivot pins 42, 44, 46, and 48.
Figure 2 illustrates a bottom view of the biconical heart valve 10 of Figure 1 wherein the valve has been rotated about its pictorial vertical axis, and where all numerals corres-pond to those elements previously described. Shown in particular, in hidden lines, are leaflet retaining bosses 34 and 36. Opposing leaflet retaining boss center members 58 and 59 are also illus-trated, which are later described in detail.
Figure 3 illustrates a view taken along line 3-3, excluding leaflet halves 14 and 16 of Figure 1 where all numerals correspond to those elements previously described. The outflow pivots 44 and 48 include flat portions 52 and 50. The leaflet retaining boss 34 includes symmetrical opposing rotational guides 54 and 56, center member 58, stop seats 60 and 62, and small stop surfaces 64 and 66, as well as large stop surfaces 68 and 70.
Like associated elements on the like opposing side of the heart valve 10 are not numbered for purpose of brevity in the specifica-tion and drawing. The closure protrusions 38 and 40 include clos-ure protrusion surfaces 72 and 74, respectively.
Figure 4 illustrates a side view, partially in section, showing the biconical leaflet halves 14 and 16 in a closed posi-tion, as illustrated in Figures 1 and 2. All numerals correspond to those elements previously described. Tips 76 and 78 of each of the leaflets are illustrated.
Figure 5 illustrates a side view in section of the biconical leaflet halves 14 and 16 in an open position, providing for the passage of blood in a hemodynamic flow which approximates that of a natural valve. All numerals correspond to those previously described.
Figure 6 illustrates a top view, in full, of Figure 5.
All numerals correspond to those previously described. The posi-tion of tips 76 and 78 are noted. The opening resembles a modi-fied hexagon cross-section.
Figure 7 illustrates a bottom view of Figure 6 where all numerals correspond to those elements previously described.
MODE OF OPERATION
The heart valve lO of the present invention can be manu-factured in a plurality of si~ed diameters. The particular size of the heart v~lve is determined by the sewing ring, not illus-trated, around the outer diameter of the orifice ring 12. Sewin~rings are known in the prior art which usually are a knitted teflon ring. Prior to implant, a surgeon will size the diameter of the tissue orifice, such as through the use of heart valve sizers which are also known in the prior art. Once a diameter of the heart valve implant is determined, the appropriate diameter heart valve can be selected from surgical supply stock accordin~-ly. The diameter of the mitral or aortic valves will vary, of L28~
course, from one individual to another individual, and of course being dependent upon an adult ~ale, an adult female, or a small child.
The orifice ring 12 can be manufactured from a suitable material, such as titanium or stainless steel. The bileaElets 16 and 14 can be manufactured from Pyrolite carbon. These materials are currently used in heart valves and approved for use by the FDA. The materials are light weight and radiopaque, which are particularly lended to these types of applications. The orifice ring 12, including the leaflet retaining bosses 34 and 36, the closure protrusions 38 and 40, and the pivots 42 48 can all be manufactured from a single metallic unit, such as by computer machining the orifice ring and components from a single piece of titanium, for example.
In describing the mode of operation of the bileaflet biconical heart valve 10, as illustrated in Figures 1-7, movement of the leaflets 14 and 16 are identical with respect to each other about the pivots 42-48. Figures 1, 2, and 4 illustrate the leaf-lets 14 and 16 in a closed position at re9t, resting on the pivots 42-48, which are aligned against the leaflet retaining boss center members 58 and 59. Each of the leaflets 14 and 16 are in a free floating, non-binding position with respect to the internal wall of the orifice ring 12 and provide for mating of the closure sur-faces 26 and 28 in a closed position. The leaflets rest against the surfaces 72 and 74 of the closure protrusions 38 and 40 in a rest position, as well as against the center members 58 and 59, and on the pivots 42-48.
_ g _ 1285'70~
The leaflets 14 and 16 pivo-t based on pressure differen-tials during blood flow. EaCh of the leaflets 14 and 16 move between a closed position of Figures 1, 2 and ~ to an open posi-tion of Figures 5-7. The leaflet retaining bosses 34 and 36 main-tain the leaflets within the orifice ring during pivoting move-ment, and provide for movement of each of -the leaflets conforming to the aligned surfaces of the leaflet retaining bosses 34 and 36.
The leaflets move in such a manner that the tips 76 and 78 of each of the leaflets can be described as an arcuate movement path.
Figure 5 best illustrates the leaflets 14 and 16 in a fully open position where the leaflets have moved over and about the pivots 44 and 46, and rest on the flat portions of 50 and 52 of the pivots in a fully opened position. The pressure differential between the proximal side and distal side of the heart valve provides for the pivoting action of each of the leaflets, based on the flow of the blood. The pivoting of the leaflet is provided by the rotational guides 54 and 56, as illustrated in Figure 3, for which the edges 18 and 20 of each leaflet pivots about and the leaflet subsequently comes to a fully opened position against stop surfaces 64 and 66, as well as 68 and 70 of bosses 34 and 36.
Figures 6 and 7 illustrates the leaflets 14 and 16 in a fully opened position providing for free flow of optimized volume of blood through the central orifice created by the tips 76 and 78 of the respect leaflets. ~he outward bound shape of the valve in a fully opened position resembles a slightly elongated hexagonal opening providing for minimum blood flow turbulence during the flow of blood through the valve 12.
-~ ~2~
The closure of the heart valve 10 is accounted for by a decrease in pressure on the proximal side with respect to the distal side in that blood flows back through the valve orifice.
As a consequence, the reverse f]ow pivots the leaflets downwardly to a position as illustrated in Figures 1, 2, and 4. The free floating leaflets respond quickly to reverse blood flow through the valve providing rapid closure. The closure between the sur-faces 26 and 28 is so minimal as to provide for a negligible, if any, leakage of blood when the leaflets are closed.
SECO~D-EMBODIMENT
Figure 8, which illustrates a top view of bileaflet biconical heart valve 100, the present invention, shows the heart valve 100 including a valve housing orifice ring 102 and biconical occluding leaflet halves 104 and 106 as later described~ Leaflet halves 104 and 106 include closure surfaces 108 and 110, round beveled closure surfaces 112 and 114, and pivot slots 116, 122, 118, and 120, respectively. Opposing aligned leaflet stop bosses 124 and 126 and 128 and 130, symmetrically align on opposing interior upper portions of the orifice ring 102. Closure protru-sions 132 and 134 extend inwardly from the mid portion of orifice ring 102 and determine the closure of the leaflets 104 and 106, respectively. The leaflet stop bosses 124-130 and leaflet closure protrusions 132 and 134 extend inwardly from the orifice ring 102.
Corresponding and opposing outflow pivots 136 and 138 and 140 and 142, illustrated in hidden lines, extend inwardly in a lower por-tion of ring 102, as illustrated, providing for pivoting of the leaflets 104 and 106 on pivots 136-142 during movement of the biconical leaflet occluding halves 104 and 106. Elongated leaf-let retainer protrusions 144, 146, 148 and 150 extend inwardly fro~ a mid portion of the orifice ring 102 enhancing rotational engagement oE biconical occluding leaflet halves 104 and 106 about the outflow pivots 136-142.
Figure 9 illustrates a bottom view of the biconical heart valve 100 of Figure 8 wherein the valve has been rotated about its pictorial vertical axis. All numerals correspond to those elements previously described.
Figure 10 illustrates a section view taken along line 10-10, excluding leaflet halves 104 and 106, of Figure 8 where the numerals correspond to those elements previously des-cribed. The outflow pivots 138 and 142, stop bosses 124 and 128 and elongated leaf retainer protrusions 146 and 148 extend inward-ly from orifice ring 102. The closure protrusions 132 and 134 include closure protrusion surfaces 152 and 154, respectively.
Figure 11 illustrates a side view, partially in section, showing the biconical leaflet halves 104 and 106 in a closed posi-tion, as previously illustrated in Figures 8 and 9. All numerals correspond to those elements previously described. Tips 155 and 157 of each of the leaflets are illustrated.
Figure 12 illustrates a side view in section of the biconical leaflet halves 104 and 106 in an open position, provid-ing for the passage of blood in a hemodynamic flow which approxi-mates that of a natural heart valve. All numerals correspond to those elements previously described.
Figure 13 illustrates a top view, in full, of Figure 12.
2~
All nu~erals correspond to those previously described~ The occluding leaflets are in an open position.
Figure 14 illustrates a bottom view of Figure 13 where all numerals correspond to those elements previously described~
MODE OF OPERATION OF SECOND EMBODIMENT
The operation of -the heart valve 100 of Figures 8-14 is similar in theory to that of Figures 1-7, although, the s-tructure of the heart valve 100 is slightly different. The leaflets 104 and 106, pivot on pivots 136-142, in pivot slots 116-122 in lieu o~ Figures 1-7 where the leaflets 14 and 16 pivot about the pivots 42-48. In Figures 8-14, the leaflets are actually hinged on the pivots as best illustrated in Figure 12, illustrating pivot slots 116 and 118 in each of the leaflets 104 and 106, for pivoting about the pivots 138 and 142 in a rotational manner. Pivoting of each of the leaflets in a rotational manner is controlled by the elongated leaflet retainer protrusions 144-150. In a fully opened position, the leafle-ts will stop against the stop bosses 124-130, while in a closed position the leaflets will rest against closure protrusion surfaces 152 and 154 of closure protrusions 132 and 134. Figures 8, 9, and 11 illustrate the heart valve in a closed position, while Figures 12-14 illustrate the heart valve in an open position.
THIRD EMBODIMENT
Figure 15, which illustrates a top view of the bileaflet biconical heart valve 200, -the present invention, shows the heart valve 200 including a valve housing orifice ring 202 and biconi-cal occluding leaflet halves 204 and 206 as later described.
12~357~7 , ~
Leaflet halves 204 and 206 include closure surfaces 208 and 210, round beveled closure surfaces 2].2 and 214, and pivot slots 216, 218, 220, and 222. Opposing aligned leaflet stop bosses 224 and 226 and 228 and 230 symmetrically align on opposing interior upper portions of the orifice ring 202. Closure protrusions 232 and 234 extend inwardly from the mid portion of orifice ring 202 determin-ing the closure of the leaflets 204 and 206, respectively. The leaflet stop bosses 224-230 and leaflet closure protrusions 232 and 234 extend inwardly from the orifice ring 202. Corresponding and opposing outflow pivots 236 and 238 and 240 and 242, illus-: trated in hidden lines, extend inwardly from the lower portion of the orifice ring 202 as illustrated, providing for pivoting of the leaflets 204 and 206 during movement of the biconical leaflet occluding halves 204 and 206. Conical like leaflet retainer protrusions 244, 246, 248 and 250 extend inwardly from orifice ring 202 to ensure engagement of biconical leaflet halves 204 and 206 upon outflow pivots 236-242.
Figure 16 illustrates a bottom view of the biconical heart valve 200 of Figure 15 wherein the valve has been rotated about its pictorial vertical axis~ All numerals correspond to those elements previously described.
Figure 17 illustrates a sectional view taken along line 17-17, excluding leaflet halves 204 and 206 of Figure 15 where the numerals correspond to those elements previously described.
The outflow pivots 238 and 242, stop bosses 224 and 230, and coni-cal leaf retainer protrusions 246 and 248 extend inwardly from orifice ring 202. The closure protrusions 232 and 234 include closure protrusion surfaces 252 and 254, respectively.
~L2~57~
Figure 18 illustrates a side view, partially in section, showing the biconical leaflet halves 204 and 206 in a closed posi-tion, as previously illustrated in E'igures 15 and 16. A11 numer-als correspond to those elements previously described.
Figure 19 illustrates a side view in section of the biconical leaflet halves 204 and 206 in an open position, provid~
ing for the passage of blood in a hemodynamic flow which approxi-mates that of a natural heart valve. All numerals correspond to those elements previously described.
Figure 20 illustrates a top view, in full, of Figure 19. All numerals correspond to those previously described. The occluding leafLe-ts are in an open position.
Figure 21 illustrates a bottom view of Figure 20 where all numerals correspond to those elements previously described.
MODE OF OPE~ATION OF THIRD EMBODIMENT
Figures 15-21 are identical in operation to that of Figures 8-14. The particular main difference between the struc-ture is that the leaflet retainer protrusions 244- 250 are conical in shape and are considerably smaller than the elongated retainer protrusions of Figures 8-14. Also, the leaflet stop bosses 224-230 are somewhat smaller than the leaflet stop bosses of Figures 8-14. Also, leaflet closure protrusions 232 and 234 are considerably small than the closure protrusions of Figures 8-14.
Otherwise, the structure of the valve is similar to that, not only i in structure but in operation, to that of Figures 8-14. For pur-poses of brevity, the mode of operation should be referred to for Figures 8-14 with respect to the second embodiment of Figures 15-21.
All nu~erals correspond to those previously described~ The occluding leaflets are in an open position.
Figure 14 illustrates a bottom view of Figure 13 where all numerals correspond to those elements previously described~
MODE OF OPERATION OF SECOND EMBODIMENT
The operation of -the heart valve 100 of Figures 8-14 is similar in theory to that of Figures 1-7, although, the s-tructure of the heart valve 100 is slightly different. The leaflets 104 and 106, pivot on pivots 136-142, in pivot slots 116-122 in lieu o~ Figures 1-7 where the leaflets 14 and 16 pivot about the pivots 42-48. In Figures 8-14, the leaflets are actually hinged on the pivots as best illustrated in Figure 12, illustrating pivot slots 116 and 118 in each of the leaflets 104 and 106, for pivoting about the pivots 138 and 142 in a rotational manner. Pivoting of each of the leaflets in a rotational manner is controlled by the elongated leaflet retainer protrusions 144-150. In a fully opened position, the leafle-ts will stop against the stop bosses 124-130, while in a closed position the leaflets will rest against closure protrusion surfaces 152 and 154 of closure protrusions 132 and 134. Figures 8, 9, and 11 illustrate the heart valve in a closed position, while Figures 12-14 illustrate the heart valve in an open position.
THIRD EMBODIMENT
Figure 15, which illustrates a top view of the bileaflet biconical heart valve 200, -the present invention, shows the heart valve 200 including a valve housing orifice ring 202 and biconi-cal occluding leaflet halves 204 and 206 as later described.
12~357~7 , ~
Leaflet halves 204 and 206 include closure surfaces 208 and 210, round beveled closure surfaces 2].2 and 214, and pivot slots 216, 218, 220, and 222. Opposing aligned leaflet stop bosses 224 and 226 and 228 and 230 symmetrically align on opposing interior upper portions of the orifice ring 202. Closure protrusions 232 and 234 extend inwardly from the mid portion of orifice ring 202 determin-ing the closure of the leaflets 204 and 206, respectively. The leaflet stop bosses 224-230 and leaflet closure protrusions 232 and 234 extend inwardly from the orifice ring 202. Corresponding and opposing outflow pivots 236 and 238 and 240 and 242, illus-: trated in hidden lines, extend inwardly from the lower portion of the orifice ring 202 as illustrated, providing for pivoting of the leaflets 204 and 206 during movement of the biconical leaflet occluding halves 204 and 206. Conical like leaflet retainer protrusions 244, 246, 248 and 250 extend inwardly from orifice ring 202 to ensure engagement of biconical leaflet halves 204 and 206 upon outflow pivots 236-242.
Figure 16 illustrates a bottom view of the biconical heart valve 200 of Figure 15 wherein the valve has been rotated about its pictorial vertical axis~ All numerals correspond to those elements previously described.
Figure 17 illustrates a sectional view taken along line 17-17, excluding leaflet halves 204 and 206 of Figure 15 where the numerals correspond to those elements previously described.
The outflow pivots 238 and 242, stop bosses 224 and 230, and coni-cal leaf retainer protrusions 246 and 248 extend inwardly from orifice ring 202. The closure protrusions 232 and 234 include closure protrusion surfaces 252 and 254, respectively.
~L2~57~
Figure 18 illustrates a side view, partially in section, showing the biconical leaflet halves 204 and 206 in a closed posi-tion, as previously illustrated in E'igures 15 and 16. A11 numer-als correspond to those elements previously described.
Figure 19 illustrates a side view in section of the biconical leaflet halves 204 and 206 in an open position, provid~
ing for the passage of blood in a hemodynamic flow which approxi-mates that of a natural heart valve. All numerals correspond to those elements previously described.
Figure 20 illustrates a top view, in full, of Figure 19. All numerals correspond to those previously described. The occluding leafLe-ts are in an open position.
Figure 21 illustrates a bottom view of Figure 20 where all numerals correspond to those elements previously described.
MODE OF OPE~ATION OF THIRD EMBODIMENT
Figures 15-21 are identical in operation to that of Figures 8-14. The particular main difference between the struc-ture is that the leaflet retainer protrusions 244- 250 are conical in shape and are considerably smaller than the elongated retainer protrusions of Figures 8-14. Also, the leaflet stop bosses 224-230 are somewhat smaller than the leaflet stop bosses of Figures 8-14. Also, leaflet closure protrusions 232 and 234 are considerably small than the closure protrusions of Figures 8-14.
Otherwise, the structure of the valve is similar to that, not only i in structure but in operation, to that of Figures 8-14. For pur-poses of brevity, the mode of operation should be referred to for Figures 8-14 with respect to the second embodiment of Figures 15-21.
Claims (10)
1. Heart valve comprising:
a. orifice ring;
b. opposing pairs of symmetrically spaced pivots extending inwardly from a lower portion of said orifice ring;
c. opposing pair of symmetrically spaced inwardly extending leaflet retaining bosses positioned on upper portions of each end of said orifice ring;
d. pair of opposing symmetrically spaced closure protrusions extending inwardly from a mid portion of said orifice ring, and;
e. two biconical occluding leaflets for rotational movement about each pair of said pivots, edges of each of said leaflets for movement within said leaflet retaining bosses, and each of said leaflets rest against each of said closure protrusions in a closed occluding position.
a. orifice ring;
b. opposing pairs of symmetrically spaced pivots extending inwardly from a lower portion of said orifice ring;
c. opposing pair of symmetrically spaced inwardly extending leaflet retaining bosses positioned on upper portions of each end of said orifice ring;
d. pair of opposing symmetrically spaced closure protrusions extending inwardly from a mid portion of said orifice ring, and;
e. two biconical occluding leaflets for rotational movement about each pair of said pivots, edges of each of said leaflets for movement within said leaflet retaining bosses, and each of said leaflets rest against each of said closure protrusions in a closed occluding position.
2. Heart valve of claim 1 wherein each of said pivots includes a substantially flat surface at an angle with respect to the plane of said orifice ring.
3. Heart valve of claim 1 wherein each of said outwardly extending leaflet retaining bosses includes symmetrically opposing rotational guides, small stop surfaces, and large stop surfaces.
4. Heart valve of claim 1 wherein each of said leaflet retaining bosses includes a center leaflet retaining boss center member.
5. Heart valve comprising:
a. orifice ring;
b. opposing pairs of symmetrically spaced pivots extending inwardly from a lower portion of said orifice ring, each of said pivots including a substantially flat portion at an angle with respect to a horizontal plane of said orifice ring;
c. opposing pairs of symmetrically spaced inwardly extending leaflet retainer bosses positioned on upper portions of each end of said orifice ring, each of said leaflet retaining bosses including opposing rotational guides, small stop surfaces and large stop surfaces, separated by a center leaflet retaining boss center member;
d. pair of opposing symmetrically spaced closure protrusions extending inwardly from a mid portion of said orifice ring, and;
e. two biconical occluding leaflets for rotational movement about each pair of said pivots, edges of each of said leaflets for movement within said leaflet retaining bosses, and said leaf-lets resting against said closure protrusions in a closed occlud-ing position.
a. orifice ring;
b. opposing pairs of symmetrically spaced pivots extending inwardly from a lower portion of said orifice ring, each of said pivots including a substantially flat portion at an angle with respect to a horizontal plane of said orifice ring;
c. opposing pairs of symmetrically spaced inwardly extending leaflet retainer bosses positioned on upper portions of each end of said orifice ring, each of said leaflet retaining bosses including opposing rotational guides, small stop surfaces and large stop surfaces, separated by a center leaflet retaining boss center member;
d. pair of opposing symmetrically spaced closure protrusions extending inwardly from a mid portion of said orifice ring, and;
e. two biconical occluding leaflets for rotational movement about each pair of said pivots, edges of each of said leaflets for movement within said leaflet retaining bosses, and said leaf-lets resting against said closure protrusions in a closed occlud-ing position.
6. Heart valve comprising:
a. orifice ring;
b. opposing pairs of symmetrically spaced pivots extending inwardly from a lower portion of said orifice ring;
c. opposing pairs of symmetrically spaced inwardly extending leaflet retainer protrusions from a mid portion of said orifice ring;
d. opposing pairs of symmetrically spaced outwardly extending leaflet stops from an upper portion of said orifice ring;
e. opposing pairs of symmetrically spaced closure protrusions extending outwardly from a mid portion of said interior of said orifice ring, and;
f. two biconical occluding leaflets for rotational movement around said pivots, each of said leaflets including pivot slots for accepting said pivots, said leaflets also pivoting about said leaflet retainer protrusions and between said closure protrusions in a closed occluding position and to said leaflet stop in an non-occluding open position.
a. orifice ring;
b. opposing pairs of symmetrically spaced pivots extending inwardly from a lower portion of said orifice ring;
c. opposing pairs of symmetrically spaced inwardly extending leaflet retainer protrusions from a mid portion of said orifice ring;
d. opposing pairs of symmetrically spaced outwardly extending leaflet stops from an upper portion of said orifice ring;
e. opposing pairs of symmetrically spaced closure protrusions extending outwardly from a mid portion of said interior of said orifice ring, and;
f. two biconical occluding leaflets for rotational movement around said pivots, each of said leaflets including pivot slots for accepting said pivots, said leaflets also pivoting about said leaflet retainer protrusions and between said closure protrusions in a closed occluding position and to said leaflet stop in an non-occluding open position.
7. Heart valve of claim 6 wherein each of said leaflet retainer protrusions are elongated.
8. Heart valve of claim 6 wherein said leaflet retainer protrusions are a conical like geometrical cross-section.
9. Heart valve of claim 6 wherein each of said leaflet stops are elongated.
10. Heart valve comprising:
a. orifice ring;
b. opposing pairs of symmetrically spaced pivots extending inwardly from a lower portion of said orifice ring;
c. opposing pairs of symmetrically spaced inwardly extending elongated leaflet retainer protrusions from a mid portion of said orifice ring;
d. opposing pairs of symmetrically spaced outwardly extending elongated leaflet stops from an upper portion of said orifice ring;
e. opposing pairs of symmetrically spaced closure protrusions extending outwardly from a mid portion of said interior of said orifice ring, and;
f. two biconical occluding leaflets for rotational movement around said pivots, each of said leaflets including pivot slots for accepting said pivots, said leaflets also pivoting about said leaflet retainer protrusions and between said closure protrusions in a closed occluding position and to said leaflet stop in an non-occluding open position.
a. orifice ring;
b. opposing pairs of symmetrically spaced pivots extending inwardly from a lower portion of said orifice ring;
c. opposing pairs of symmetrically spaced inwardly extending elongated leaflet retainer protrusions from a mid portion of said orifice ring;
d. opposing pairs of symmetrically spaced outwardly extending elongated leaflet stops from an upper portion of said orifice ring;
e. opposing pairs of symmetrically spaced closure protrusions extending outwardly from a mid portion of said interior of said orifice ring, and;
f. two biconical occluding leaflets for rotational movement around said pivots, each of said leaflets including pivot slots for accepting said pivots, said leaflets also pivoting about said leaflet retainer protrusions and between said closure protrusions in a closed occluding position and to said leaflet stop in an non-occluding open position.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US734,671 | 1985-05-16 | ||
| US06/734,671 US4676789A (en) | 1985-05-16 | 1985-05-16 | Heart valve |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1285707C true CA1285707C (en) | 1991-07-09 |
Family
ID=24952632
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000509208A Expired - Fee Related CA1285707C (en) | 1985-05-16 | 1986-05-15 | Heart valve |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4676789A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0207594B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS625344A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8602204A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1285707C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3684522D1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4808180A (en) * | 1987-04-29 | 1989-02-28 | Medtronic, Inc. | Prosthetic heart valve |
| US4863459A (en) * | 1988-01-06 | 1989-09-05 | Olin Christian L | Bi-leaflet heart valve |
| IT1218947B (en) * | 1988-01-12 | 1990-04-24 | Sorin Biomedica Spa | CARDIAC VALVE PROSTHESIS |
| FR2642960B1 (en) * | 1989-02-15 | 1994-02-25 | Dassault Breguet Aviation | PROSTHETIC HEART VALVE |
| ES2092647T3 (en) * | 1991-10-31 | 1996-12-01 | Ats Med Inc | CARDIAC VALVE PROSTHESIS. |
| US5354330A (en) * | 1991-10-31 | 1994-10-11 | Ats Medical Inc. | Heart valve prosthesis |
| RU2032389C1 (en) * | 1992-01-13 | 1995-04-10 | Владимир Константинович Кукольников | Heart valve prosthesis |
| US5554186A (en) * | 1994-12-22 | 1996-09-10 | Baxter International Inc. | Bileaflet mechanical heart valve having cropped slot pivot configuration and method for preventing blood stagnation therein |
| AU5437396A (en) * | 1995-03-29 | 1996-10-16 | Cv Dynamics, Inc. Dba Medical Incorporated | Bileaflet heart valve |
| US6296663B1 (en) | 1995-03-29 | 2001-10-02 | Medical Cv, Inc. | Bileaflet heart valve having open channel and swivel pivots |
| WO1997005834A1 (en) * | 1995-08-07 | 1997-02-20 | Baxter International Inc. | Bileaflet mechanical heart valve having arrowhead slot hinge configuration |
| US5861029A (en) * | 1996-02-14 | 1999-01-19 | Evdokimov; Sergey V. | Heart valve prosthesis |
| US6068657A (en) * | 1997-05-20 | 2000-05-30 | Lapeyre; Didier | Mechanical valve prosthesis with optimized closing mode |
| US6395024B1 (en) * | 1997-05-20 | 2002-05-28 | Triflo Medical, Inc. | Mechanical heart valve |
| US6051022A (en) * | 1998-12-30 | 2000-04-18 | St. Jude Medical, Inc. | Bileaflet valve having non-parallel pivot axes |
| WO2004008998A1 (en) | 2002-07-19 | 2004-01-29 | Lsmedcap Gmbh | Mechanical heart valve prosthesis with improved occluding kinematics |
| US20080086202A1 (en) * | 2002-09-27 | 2008-04-10 | Didier Lapeyre | Mechanical heart valve |
| US7449027B2 (en) * | 2004-03-29 | 2008-11-11 | Cook Incorporated | Modifying fluid flow in a body vessel lumen to promote intraluminal flow-sensitive processes |
| US20110094592A1 (en) * | 2009-10-22 | 2011-04-28 | Howard Cheng | Fluid Check Valve with a Floating Pivot |
| CA2855943C (en) * | 2011-07-29 | 2019-10-29 | Carnegie Mellon University | Artificial valved conduits for cardiac reconstructive procedures and methods for their production |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3835475A (en) * | 1971-03-16 | 1974-09-17 | Univ Minnesota | Pivoting disc-type heart valve with two-piece base |
| US3903548A (en) * | 1973-05-14 | 1975-09-09 | Ahmad Aref Nakib | Heart valve with two valving members |
| US4078268A (en) * | 1975-04-24 | 1978-03-14 | St. Jude Medical, Inc. | Heart valve prosthesis |
| US4308624A (en) * | 1979-08-07 | 1982-01-05 | Hemex, Inc. | Heart valve prosthesis |
| US4363142A (en) * | 1979-10-12 | 1982-12-14 | Mitral Medical, Inc. | Prosthetic heart valve |
| GB2074699B (en) * | 1980-04-28 | 1984-05-10 | Mitral Med Int | Artificial heart valve |
| US4446577A (en) * | 1980-04-28 | 1984-05-08 | Mitral Medical International, Inc. | Artificial heart valve |
| IT1144379B (en) * | 1981-07-14 | 1986-10-29 | Sorin Biomedica Spa | CARDIAC VALVE PROSTHESIS |
| US4451937A (en) * | 1982-02-08 | 1984-06-05 | Hemex, Inc. | Heart valve having ear guided occluders |
| US4488318A (en) * | 1982-04-07 | 1984-12-18 | Kaster Robert L | Prosthetic heart valve |
| JPS5949012A (en) * | 1982-09-13 | 1984-03-21 | Hitachi Ltd | Active inductor circuit |
-
1985
- 1985-05-16 US US06/734,671 patent/US4676789A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1986
- 1986-04-25 EP EP86303133A patent/EP0207594B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-04-25 DE DE8686303133T patent/DE3684522D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1986-05-15 CA CA000509208A patent/CA1285707C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1986-05-15 BR BR8602204A patent/BR8602204A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-05-16 JP JP61112424A patent/JPS625344A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0207594A2 (en) | 1987-01-07 |
| EP0207594A3 (en) | 1987-04-22 |
| EP0207594B1 (en) | 1992-03-25 |
| DE3684522D1 (en) | 1992-04-30 |
| JPS625344A (en) | 1987-01-12 |
| BR8602204A (en) | 1987-01-13 |
| JPH0576309B2 (en) | 1993-10-22 |
| US4676789A (en) | 1987-06-30 |
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