CA1272816A - Method of and circuit arrangement for switching- through a radio connection to another radio cell of a digital radio transmission system - Google Patents
Method of and circuit arrangement for switching- through a radio connection to another radio cell of a digital radio transmission systemInfo
- Publication number
- CA1272816A CA1272816A CA000531224A CA531224A CA1272816A CA 1272816 A CA1272816 A CA 1272816A CA 000531224 A CA000531224 A CA 000531224A CA 531224 A CA531224 A CA 531224A CA 1272816 A CA1272816 A CA 1272816A
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- Prior art keywords
- radio
- station
- message transmission
- mobile
- channel
- Prior art date
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- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035559 beat frequency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940000425 combination drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001702 transmitter Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
- H04W36/24—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters
- H04W36/30—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters by measured or perceived connection quality data
- H04W36/302—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters by measured or perceived connection quality data due to low signal strength
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
- H04W36/24—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters
- H04W36/30—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters by measured or perceived connection quality data
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
- H04W36/0005—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off
- H04W36/0083—Determination of parameters used for hand-off, e.g. generation or modification of neighbour cell lists
- H04W36/0085—Hand-off measurements
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Method of and circuit arrangement for switching-through a radio connection to another radio cell of a digital radio transmission system.
Base radio stations are spatially arranged in a radio transmission system in accordance with a cellular system, separating the message transmission channels from adjacent base stations being effected either by using the frequency-division multiplex method or by using the code-division multiplex method or by using a combination of these multiples methods. In appropriately large spatial distances the same set of channels can be repeated in a further radio cell. If a mobile radio station moves during the conversation from one radio cell into another, then it is necessary to switch-through the then existing radio connection. Additional receivers are provided in the base stations and after comparing the receiving voltages at the output of the additional receivers, a switch is made, when a predetermined threshold value is fallen short off, to that additional receiver at whose output the highest receiving voltage is found. To avoid the necessity of using such additional receivers in each base station and to prevent a repeated switch forward and back in the event of high co-channel interferences the measurements to be effected for the radio cell allocation and consequently for the switch-through decision are effected in the mobile radio station. In that situation the reception quality of the co-channel message transmission channels of remote base stations are additionally measured in the mobile station during the existence of a radio connection to a near base station.
Method of and circuit arrangement for switching-through a radio connection to another radio cell of a digital radio transmission system.
Base radio stations are spatially arranged in a radio transmission system in accordance with a cellular system, separating the message transmission channels from adjacent base stations being effected either by using the frequency-division multiplex method or by using the code-division multiplex method or by using a combination of these multiples methods. In appropriately large spatial distances the same set of channels can be repeated in a further radio cell. If a mobile radio station moves during the conversation from one radio cell into another, then it is necessary to switch-through the then existing radio connection. Additional receivers are provided in the base stations and after comparing the receiving voltages at the output of the additional receivers, a switch is made, when a predetermined threshold value is fallen short off, to that additional receiver at whose output the highest receiving voltage is found. To avoid the necessity of using such additional receivers in each base station and to prevent a repeated switch forward and back in the event of high co-channel interferences the measurements to be effected for the radio cell allocation and consequently for the switch-through decision are effected in the mobile radio station. In that situation the reception quality of the co-channel message transmission channels of remote base stations are additionally measured in the mobile station during the existence of a radio connection to a near base station.
Description
~L;2728~6 - l - 20104-8247 The invention relates to a method of switching-through a radio connection when a mobile radio sta-tion moves into another radio cell, in a digital radio transmission system with frequency-division multiplexing of ad]acent radio cells and co-channel radio cells being separated different signal shapes, more speci-fically by different spread codes.
In German Patent Application No. P 35 27 331.3, published on February 5, 1987, a digital radio transmission system is proposed in which in the forward and return directions of the message transmission channel a different modulation method is used in each direction. In the direction from the base radio station to the mobile radio stations associated therewith each message transmission channel is spread by bandspread modulation. The ~pread message transmission channels thus formed are superimposed on each other in the base radio station and the broadband sum signal obtained thereby is transmitted in a common frequency band.
In the direction from the mobile radio stations to the stationary radio station the message transmission is effected in separate, narrow-band frequency channels.
?~ For speech transmission, from the base station to the mobile stations, the bandspread modulation used is selected by the base station and commun1cated to the mobile station when building-up the communication link. For the transmission of synchronizing symbols to the mobile radlo stations assigned to the base~station, a bandspread modulatlon which is common to all the mobile radio , . : '- - ' ' . ' ' ; ~
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- la - 20104-8247 stations is used in the direction from the base radio station t~ the mobile radio stations.
In digital radio transmission systems the base stations are spatially arranged in a cellular system. When frequencies are allocated in digital radio transmission systems, a plurality o~ radio cells is combined into one cell cluster, different sets of channels being . , ' : ' . ' ' .
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PHD.~6302 2 3-Z-1987 used in the several cells of a cluster. In thïs situation it is alternatively possible to allocate within a radio cell several sets of channels to the base station. The distribution of channel sets in a cell cluster is spatially and periodically repeated. The size of the cell cluster determines a co-channel repeat interval, it being possible to choose for the network design (frequency allocation) the co-channel repeat interval and, consequen-tly, the size of the cell cluster such that the requirements as regards the degree of freedom of interferences in the digital radio transmission system are satisfied.
A set of channels of a base station can, for example, consist of 32 message transmission channels. The individual message transmission channels for the several mobile radio stations are separated from each other in a set of channels by, for example, different spreadcode modulation words (CDMA) and/or different time slots (TDMA).
The structure of a set of channels is obtained in that, for example, a plurality of time slots, each containing the 20 information for always one subscriber are combined into a time-division multiplex frame, the time-division multiplex ~rame having, for example, four time slots. Immediately thereafter the information contained in such a time-division multiplex frame is spread with suitably chosen code words, 25 ~hich allow the simultaneous transmission of a plurali-ty of time-division multiplex frames with the same carrier ~requency. Spreading of these time-division multiplex frames is effected by means of one code word which, in this set of channels, is only assigned to this specific time-30 division multiplex frame. If~ for example~ eight different code words are used for each set of channels 7 then the set of channels comprises eight different time-division multiplex frames, each having four time channels, so a total of 32 message transmission channels per channel set.
Each set of channels has at least one control channel assigned to it; which is accessed by the mobile stations for establishing a link and via which the connec-tion is set-up and some special services are performed.
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PHD.~630~ 3 3-2-1987 The mobile stations know the frequency position of the possible sets of channels, the corresponding time channel and the code ~ords for the control channels provided within the digital radio transmission system. Having this knowledge, the mobile station can search its appropriate control channel and can receive there all the information necessary for accessing (for example, the frequency of the narrow-band (return) direction from the mobile station to the base station of the control channel) and for setting-up the connection (for example time channel and code word for message transmission in the direction from the base station to the mobile station, and also the frequency for the transmission in narrow-band frequency channels in the direction from the mobile station to the base station).
Separating the message channels from adjacent base stations is effected either by using the frequency-division multiplex method (different RF-carriers for the set of channels used in these base stations) or by using the code-division multiplex method (different sets of code words for the sets of channels) or by using a combi-nation of these multiplexing methods. The same channel set (R~-carrier and/or code word set) can be repeated in a further radio cell when spaced sufficiently apart (deter-25 mined by co-channel interferences produced). If adjacent radio cells are separated from each other by different carrier frequencies and cc-channel radio cells are separated from each other by different code words, then cell groups having, for example, 3 or 4 radio cells in each group can 30 be formed for the broadband transmission in the direction from the base station to the mobile stations. For a cell group having three radio cells of identical carrier fre-quenci-es it is obtained that when three different code sets are used, a frequency and code set repetition occurs in the cell structure every ninth radio cell. If four different code sets are used then the same frequency-code combination occurs only after every twelfth radio cell.
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RHD.~6302 4 3-2-1g87 For a total overall band width of 25 MUIz, avail-able in, for example, the digital radio transmission system, 20 sets of channels (each having 32 message transmission channels) can be formed with a transmission-bandwidth of approximately l.25 mHz. For the transmission direction from the mobile radio stations to the base station, the message transmission is effected in frequency channels whicll are assigned -to each other spaced by a ~requency of always 25 KHz. The frequency allocation in the radio cells themselves is not fixed, the frequencies are rather freely allocated by the base radio station. Because it is possible for a mobile radio station to travel during the conversation from one radio cell to another, it is necessary that the then existing radio link is switched through.
Also the occurrence of unexpectedly high co-channel inter-ferences may render it necessary that within the radio cell a change to a message transmission channel with a higher transmission quality is made. Extensive research has proved that for the direction of transmission from the ~0 mobile radio station to the base station (narrow-band transmission) there are criteria for the radio link switch-through on the basis of the field strength or jitter or the beat frequency. For the direction from the base station to the mobile s-tations (broadband transmission) criteria can be determined on the basis of the field strength and the multi-path profile properties.
DE AS 26 34 080 discloses a method of through-switching of a radio connection, in which additional receivers and radio receivers are provided in the relay stations. The receive voltages of the radio receivers and the receive voltages of the additional receiver provided in adjacent relay stations are compared to each other in a comparator in the relay station of the radio traffic area.
When in the radio receiver the receive voltage falls short of a preset threshold value, then a switch is effected with the aid of the control arrangement of the radio -traffic area to that additional receiver for which the comparator has found the highest receiving voltageu .: . . . :. .
- 5 - 2010~-8247 In the new radio relay station an additional transmitter is switched to the speech channel used in the prior radio traffic area and a channel command for a speech channel which in the new relay station is identified as being free is transmitted to the mobile radio station via said speech channel. After evaluation of the channel command in the mobile radio station it is switched to the new speech channel and the radio connection for the new radio traffic area is established again and switched through -to the repeater station connected thereto, which is effected by transmit~
ting the identification of the mobile radio station to the relay station.
The invention has for its object to provide a method of radio connection through-switching by the mobile radio station when the mobile station passes from one radio cell into another, that the through-connection is effected automatically and without interrupting the conversation and that the base station does not require a field strength measuring receiver for obtaining a through-switching criteria.
This object is accomplished by ensuring that the recep-~0 tion quality criteria measurements to be effected in the mobile station for assigning the radio cells and consequently for the switch-through decision are effected such that additionally during the existence of a radio connection -to a near base station the reception quality of the co-channel message transmission channels are measured in the mobile radio station by the remote base station.
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By measuring the reception quali-ty criteria in the mobile radio station it is possible for areas of varying building densities to prevent, when the mobile station moves only once from a radio cell into another, a conversation from being repeatedly switched-through and switched-back, which occurs when only the field strength criterium is used. In addition, arrangements only present in the mobile station, more specifically for measuring the reception quality criteria, can be used advantageously. Having the central switching station participate in the decision whether a conversation must be switched-through or not, is not required in the method according to the invention, so that the dynamic load on the switching exchange is reduced. Because of the fact that the mobile station measures the reception quality of the co-channel message transmission channels of remote base stations during the existence of a radio connection to a base station, no synthesizer chan~e-over is required in the mobile station. The co-channel message is required in the mobile station. The co-channel message transmission channels of the remote base stations differ only from the near base station in their code words. The receivers provided in the mobile radio station can consequently be additionally used to monitor the existing radio connection during the conversation.
In digital radio transmission systems the base radio stations transmit in time-division multiplex frames synchronizing signals which are inserted between the data symbols at regular intervals, such as is proposed in, for example, German Patent Application P 35 ll 430.4 which was published on October 10, 1986. The base .' :. . ~ ,: . ', -.
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~27~ 6 radio station transmits the synchronizing symbols in all the mes-sage transmission channels in time-parallel and in synchronism.
The identical synchronizing symbols transmitted simultaneously in all the message transmission channels are received in the mobile station with a significantly higher energy, compared to the useful information. If the transmission field strength of the remote base stations are used as a basis for the change-over criterion, the evaluation can be effected in a simple manner.
If, in accordance with one embodiment of the invention, la the mobile radio station is informed of the spread-code words of the remote base radio stations by the near base radio station maintaining the connection, then the measuring values of the recep-tion quality determined in the mobile radio station can also be applied to these remote base radio stations and the decision whether a change-over action must be effected is initiated from there.
In accordance with one aspect of the invention, the base radio station includes a store in which the measuring values transmitted by the mobile radio station are stored. These measur-~a ing values do not relate to message transmission channels of the base radio stations adjacent to the base radio station, as in the method described in DE-AS 26 34 080, but to co-channel message transmission channels of remote base radio stations. By weighting the stored measuring values it is possible in the digital radio transmission system to effect an adaptation to the terrain also during operation. In a channel-assigning method described in , ' . ~ '~' ~.
~2~2~6 - 7a - 2010~-8247 DE-OS 29 37 018 it is determined, before the network is made opera-tive, by means of measurements where co-channel interferences may occur. The propagation conditions in a radio transmission system constantly change during operation (for example by weather con-ditions), so that by combining the measuring values with the weighting factors an adaptation to the channel properties can be effected and the transmission reliability can be increased. As already described in the foregoing, the synchronizing symbols are txansmitted simultaneously and consequently with a higher average 1~ power in all the message transmission channels. As a result there-of the synchronizing symbols are received substantially without interferences in the mobile radio station and can be used, in accordance with a more particular aspect of the invention, for measuring the reception quality.
As already described in the foregoing, inserting the synchronizing symbols in the continuous data flow of the useful in~ormation is effected with predetermined time intervals, which are determined such that the multi-path reception can also be used as high vehicle speeds. By a phase-locked (not necessarily equal-~0 phase) addition of the synchroniæing symbols an (uncontrolled) relative cancelling of inherently identical synchronizing symbols in the individual message transmission channels is prevented. If, in accordance with this particular aspect, the multi-path profile is used as the reception quality criterion, then the message transmission channels can be adapted in the receiving arrangements . . . . . .
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- 7b - 20104-8247 to the channel properties on the basis of the measured multi-path profile, and the transmission reliability can be further increased. The mobile radio station only requires, as an additional device, an additional store for storing the measuring values, and arrangements already present in the mobile radio station can also be used . ~ ...
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PHD.86302 8 3-2-1987 ad~antageously.
The method according to the inven-tion will now be described and illustrated by way of example with refer-ence to the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.
5 Therein:
Figure 1 shows the cell structure of the digital radio transmission system, Fig. 2 shows the block circuit diagram of a first embodiment and ln Fig. 3 shows the block circuit diagram of a ~econd embodiment of the circuit arrangement used in the mobile radio station in the method according to the invention.
Fig. 1 shows an embodiment for a cell structure of the digital radio transmission system. Base radio stations BS are arranged in the centre of the various radio cells. The direction in which a mobile radio station MS
moves is indicated in Fig. 1 by the arrow indicating the direction of travel.
In digital radio transmission systems sets of channels are formed, for example by a sequence of code-division multiplex and frequency-division multiplex operations performed on the message signals to be trans-mitted. Separating the message transmission channels of 25 adjacent base radio ~tations BS is effected using the frequency-division multiplex method, that is to say different RF-carriers for the sets of channels used in these base stations, which is illustrated in Fig. 1 by the first digit.
The radio cells can be combined into cell groups (clusters), 30 different channel sets being used in the several radio sets of a cluster and the distribution of the channel sets in a cluster being spatially and periodically repeated. During designing of the network, the co-channel repetition interval and consequently the size of the cell clusters can be chosen 35 such that predetermined requirements for the freedom of interference in the network are satisfied. Co-channel radio cells are separated in the digital radio transmission system by means of different code words, which is illustrated . . . ~` ' . ~ ' ~ , ' .
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PHD.8630' 9 3-2-1987 in ~ig. 1 by the capita~ letters A to G.
For radio cell assignment and consequently the decision for information transfer, reception quality criteria measurements are effected in -the mobile station. To that end, during the existence of a radio connection to the near base station 1/A (centrally in the network structure sho~n in Fig. 1) the reception quality of -the co-channel message transmission channels of remote base stations BS
are additionally measured in the mobile station MS. In the practical example of the network structure shown in Fig. 1 the mobile station MS mixes the transmission field strngth of the base stations BS with 1/B9 1/C, 1/D, 1/E, )~ and 1/G. The decision whether the radio connection must be switched~through is made in the near base station 15 BS which maintains the connection. For that purpose the measuring results are transmitted to the near base station BS~ which maintains the connection, in a low-rate signalling channel (ACCH). This is done in such a manner that it is inaudible for the subscriber, in parallel with the trans-20 mission of the digitized speech. A further possibility is to transmit the measuring results instead of the digi-tized speech during the speech pauses and to extract these measuring results in the base station before the recon-version of the speech.
The base station BS incorporates a store for storing the measuring values transmitted by the mobile station ~S via the message transmission channel. This store receives predetermined threshold values for the reception quality of the co-channel message transmission channels 30 from remote base stations and by comparing these values to the measuring values determined by the mobile station MS
for these base stations, a decision can be taken in the base station BS 1/A about switching-through of the radio connec-tion. This comparison is consequently based on a radio 35 bearing, the radio bearing effected being reflected in the increase and decrease of the measuring results. It is possible, without modifying the method of the invention, to effect a plurality of measurements for each base station ~ - ' ' -.'. ' :
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, - ' ~ ~' .' ~ ' ~ ~L6 PHD.~630~ 10 3-2-1987 BS throughout a measuring period and to increase the deci-sion reliability by taking the averag0 value. To adapt the factors which influence the propagation condition, for e~ample terrains, weather e-tc., the measuring values can be combined with weighting factors prior to storage.
~ ig. 2 shows the block circuit diagram of a first embodiment of the circuit arrangement provided in the mobile radio station MS when performing the method according to the invention. The signals received by the aerial are applied to a receiver E whose ou-tput is connected to an analogue-to-digital converter ADW. The receiver E has an RF-input stage, an oscillator as well as an IF-portion containing a preset amplifier. The signals converted to the basehand thereby are applied for further processing via the analogue-to-digital converter ADW to a correlator K connected thereto. The correlator K is connected to both a control device ST and to an evaluation circuit AW. With the aid of the evaluation circuit AW the measured reception quality of the co-channel massage transmission channels are evaluated by the remote base stations BS. The evaluated measuring values are stored in a first store SPM connected to the evaluation circuits AW and these measuring values are transmitted to the base station BS by means of a trans-mitter S via the message transmission channel. The control arrangement ST is connected to both the transmitter S and to a third store SPC in which the code words are stored.
A store suitable for this purpose is, for e~ample a read-only memory.
When the cost and design effort of the store in the mobile radio station MS are to be reduced, -then it is possible to omit also the first store SPM without alte-ring the me-thod of the invention, which creates the situa-tion that then on the request of the base station BS the first measurement of the receptlon ~uality criteria is effected in the mobile sta-tion MS, this measuring value is transmitted to the base station BS via the message transmission channelj whereafter the second measurement is effected etc.
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- . . ,, ~ . : : ., PIID.86302 11 3-2-1987 ~ ig. 3 shows the block circuit diagram of a second embodiment of a circuit arrangement used during the performance of the method according to the invention.
A second store SPT which is connected to the first store SPM and to the control arrangement ST is arranged in the mobile radio station MS. The measuring values evaluated in the preceding measuring cycles by the evaluation circuit AW of the mobile radio station MS are stored in the second store SPT. It is also possible to store in this store SPT
the receiving quality threshold values of the remote base stations BS which are transmitted by the base station BS
to the mobile radio statiorI MS via the message transmission channel. On the basis of the evaluated measuring values stored in the second store SPT the control arrangement ST
decides on switching-through the radio connection.
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In German Patent Application No. P 35 27 331.3, published on February 5, 1987, a digital radio transmission system is proposed in which in the forward and return directions of the message transmission channel a different modulation method is used in each direction. In the direction from the base radio station to the mobile radio stations associated therewith each message transmission channel is spread by bandspread modulation. The ~pread message transmission channels thus formed are superimposed on each other in the base radio station and the broadband sum signal obtained thereby is transmitted in a common frequency band.
In the direction from the mobile radio stations to the stationary radio station the message transmission is effected in separate, narrow-band frequency channels.
?~ For speech transmission, from the base station to the mobile stations, the bandspread modulation used is selected by the base station and commun1cated to the mobile station when building-up the communication link. For the transmission of synchronizing symbols to the mobile radlo stations assigned to the base~station, a bandspread modulatlon which is common to all the mobile radio , . : '- - ' ' . ' ' ; ~
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- la - 20104-8247 stations is used in the direction from the base radio station t~ the mobile radio stations.
In digital radio transmission systems the base stations are spatially arranged in a cellular system. When frequencies are allocated in digital radio transmission systems, a plurality o~ radio cells is combined into one cell cluster, different sets of channels being . , ' : ' . ' ' .
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PHD.~6302 2 3-Z-1987 used in the several cells of a cluster. In thïs situation it is alternatively possible to allocate within a radio cell several sets of channels to the base station. The distribution of channel sets in a cell cluster is spatially and periodically repeated. The size of the cell cluster determines a co-channel repeat interval, it being possible to choose for the network design (frequency allocation) the co-channel repeat interval and, consequen-tly, the size of the cell cluster such that the requirements as regards the degree of freedom of interferences in the digital radio transmission system are satisfied.
A set of channels of a base station can, for example, consist of 32 message transmission channels. The individual message transmission channels for the several mobile radio stations are separated from each other in a set of channels by, for example, different spreadcode modulation words (CDMA) and/or different time slots (TDMA).
The structure of a set of channels is obtained in that, for example, a plurality of time slots, each containing the 20 information for always one subscriber are combined into a time-division multiplex frame, the time-division multiplex ~rame having, for example, four time slots. Immediately thereafter the information contained in such a time-division multiplex frame is spread with suitably chosen code words, 25 ~hich allow the simultaneous transmission of a plurali-ty of time-division multiplex frames with the same carrier ~requency. Spreading of these time-division multiplex frames is effected by means of one code word which, in this set of channels, is only assigned to this specific time-30 division multiplex frame. If~ for example~ eight different code words are used for each set of channels 7 then the set of channels comprises eight different time-division multiplex frames, each having four time channels, so a total of 32 message transmission channels per channel set.
Each set of channels has at least one control channel assigned to it; which is accessed by the mobile stations for establishing a link and via which the connec-tion is set-up and some special services are performed.
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PHD.~630~ 3 3-2-1987 The mobile stations know the frequency position of the possible sets of channels, the corresponding time channel and the code ~ords for the control channels provided within the digital radio transmission system. Having this knowledge, the mobile station can search its appropriate control channel and can receive there all the information necessary for accessing (for example, the frequency of the narrow-band (return) direction from the mobile station to the base station of the control channel) and for setting-up the connection (for example time channel and code word for message transmission in the direction from the base station to the mobile station, and also the frequency for the transmission in narrow-band frequency channels in the direction from the mobile station to the base station).
Separating the message channels from adjacent base stations is effected either by using the frequency-division multiplex method (different RF-carriers for the set of channels used in these base stations) or by using the code-division multiplex method (different sets of code words for the sets of channels) or by using a combi-nation of these multiplexing methods. The same channel set (R~-carrier and/or code word set) can be repeated in a further radio cell when spaced sufficiently apart (deter-25 mined by co-channel interferences produced). If adjacent radio cells are separated from each other by different carrier frequencies and cc-channel radio cells are separated from each other by different code words, then cell groups having, for example, 3 or 4 radio cells in each group can 30 be formed for the broadband transmission in the direction from the base station to the mobile stations. For a cell group having three radio cells of identical carrier fre-quenci-es it is obtained that when three different code sets are used, a frequency and code set repetition occurs in the cell structure every ninth radio cell. If four different code sets are used then the same frequency-code combination occurs only after every twelfth radio cell.
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RHD.~6302 4 3-2-1g87 For a total overall band width of 25 MUIz, avail-able in, for example, the digital radio transmission system, 20 sets of channels (each having 32 message transmission channels) can be formed with a transmission-bandwidth of approximately l.25 mHz. For the transmission direction from the mobile radio stations to the base station, the message transmission is effected in frequency channels whicll are assigned -to each other spaced by a ~requency of always 25 KHz. The frequency allocation in the radio cells themselves is not fixed, the frequencies are rather freely allocated by the base radio station. Because it is possible for a mobile radio station to travel during the conversation from one radio cell to another, it is necessary that the then existing radio link is switched through.
Also the occurrence of unexpectedly high co-channel inter-ferences may render it necessary that within the radio cell a change to a message transmission channel with a higher transmission quality is made. Extensive research has proved that for the direction of transmission from the ~0 mobile radio station to the base station (narrow-band transmission) there are criteria for the radio link switch-through on the basis of the field strength or jitter or the beat frequency. For the direction from the base station to the mobile s-tations (broadband transmission) criteria can be determined on the basis of the field strength and the multi-path profile properties.
DE AS 26 34 080 discloses a method of through-switching of a radio connection, in which additional receivers and radio receivers are provided in the relay stations. The receive voltages of the radio receivers and the receive voltages of the additional receiver provided in adjacent relay stations are compared to each other in a comparator in the relay station of the radio traffic area.
When in the radio receiver the receive voltage falls short of a preset threshold value, then a switch is effected with the aid of the control arrangement of the radio -traffic area to that additional receiver for which the comparator has found the highest receiving voltageu .: . . . :. .
- 5 - 2010~-8247 In the new radio relay station an additional transmitter is switched to the speech channel used in the prior radio traffic area and a channel command for a speech channel which in the new relay station is identified as being free is transmitted to the mobile radio station via said speech channel. After evaluation of the channel command in the mobile radio station it is switched to the new speech channel and the radio connection for the new radio traffic area is established again and switched through -to the repeater station connected thereto, which is effected by transmit~
ting the identification of the mobile radio station to the relay station.
The invention has for its object to provide a method of radio connection through-switching by the mobile radio station when the mobile station passes from one radio cell into another, that the through-connection is effected automatically and without interrupting the conversation and that the base station does not require a field strength measuring receiver for obtaining a through-switching criteria.
This object is accomplished by ensuring that the recep-~0 tion quality criteria measurements to be effected in the mobile station for assigning the radio cells and consequently for the switch-through decision are effected such that additionally during the existence of a radio connection -to a near base station the reception quality of the co-channel message transmission channels are measured in the mobile radio station by the remote base station.
. .
, , ~. ~ ' - ~ ' ' , ..
~L~72~
By measuring the reception quali-ty criteria in the mobile radio station it is possible for areas of varying building densities to prevent, when the mobile station moves only once from a radio cell into another, a conversation from being repeatedly switched-through and switched-back, which occurs when only the field strength criterium is used. In addition, arrangements only present in the mobile station, more specifically for measuring the reception quality criteria, can be used advantageously. Having the central switching station participate in the decision whether a conversation must be switched-through or not, is not required in the method according to the invention, so that the dynamic load on the switching exchange is reduced. Because of the fact that the mobile station measures the reception quality of the co-channel message transmission channels of remote base stations during the existence of a radio connection to a base station, no synthesizer chan~e-over is required in the mobile station. The co-channel message is required in the mobile station. The co-channel message transmission channels of the remote base stations differ only from the near base station in their code words. The receivers provided in the mobile radio station can consequently be additionally used to monitor the existing radio connection during the conversation.
In digital radio transmission systems the base radio stations transmit in time-division multiplex frames synchronizing signals which are inserted between the data symbols at regular intervals, such as is proposed in, for example, German Patent Application P 35 ll 430.4 which was published on October 10, 1986. The base .' :. . ~ ,: . ', -.
.
~27~ 6 radio station transmits the synchronizing symbols in all the mes-sage transmission channels in time-parallel and in synchronism.
The identical synchronizing symbols transmitted simultaneously in all the message transmission channels are received in the mobile station with a significantly higher energy, compared to the useful information. If the transmission field strength of the remote base stations are used as a basis for the change-over criterion, the evaluation can be effected in a simple manner.
If, in accordance with one embodiment of the invention, la the mobile radio station is informed of the spread-code words of the remote base radio stations by the near base radio station maintaining the connection, then the measuring values of the recep-tion quality determined in the mobile radio station can also be applied to these remote base radio stations and the decision whether a change-over action must be effected is initiated from there.
In accordance with one aspect of the invention, the base radio station includes a store in which the measuring values transmitted by the mobile radio station are stored. These measur-~a ing values do not relate to message transmission channels of the base radio stations adjacent to the base radio station, as in the method described in DE-AS 26 34 080, but to co-channel message transmission channels of remote base radio stations. By weighting the stored measuring values it is possible in the digital radio transmission system to effect an adaptation to the terrain also during operation. In a channel-assigning method described in , ' . ~ '~' ~.
~2~2~6 - 7a - 2010~-8247 DE-OS 29 37 018 it is determined, before the network is made opera-tive, by means of measurements where co-channel interferences may occur. The propagation conditions in a radio transmission system constantly change during operation (for example by weather con-ditions), so that by combining the measuring values with the weighting factors an adaptation to the channel properties can be effected and the transmission reliability can be increased. As already described in the foregoing, the synchronizing symbols are txansmitted simultaneously and consequently with a higher average 1~ power in all the message transmission channels. As a result there-of the synchronizing symbols are received substantially without interferences in the mobile radio station and can be used, in accordance with a more particular aspect of the invention, for measuring the reception quality.
As already described in the foregoing, inserting the synchronizing symbols in the continuous data flow of the useful in~ormation is effected with predetermined time intervals, which are determined such that the multi-path reception can also be used as high vehicle speeds. By a phase-locked (not necessarily equal-~0 phase) addition of the synchroniæing symbols an (uncontrolled) relative cancelling of inherently identical synchronizing symbols in the individual message transmission channels is prevented. If, in accordance with this particular aspect, the multi-path profile is used as the reception quality criterion, then the message transmission channels can be adapted in the receiving arrangements . . . . . .
" , ~
.. .. ,- ., : , .
- . .
- ,: .
. .
- : : .. . . .
- 7b - 20104-8247 to the channel properties on the basis of the measured multi-path profile, and the transmission reliability can be further increased. The mobile radio station only requires, as an additional device, an additional store for storing the measuring values, and arrangements already present in the mobile radio station can also be used . ~ ...
- - : . - i . . , :~ ;
- - ':' ' :. ': : .
PHD.86302 8 3-2-1987 ad~antageously.
The method according to the inven-tion will now be described and illustrated by way of example with refer-ence to the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.
5 Therein:
Figure 1 shows the cell structure of the digital radio transmission system, Fig. 2 shows the block circuit diagram of a first embodiment and ln Fig. 3 shows the block circuit diagram of a ~econd embodiment of the circuit arrangement used in the mobile radio station in the method according to the invention.
Fig. 1 shows an embodiment for a cell structure of the digital radio transmission system. Base radio stations BS are arranged in the centre of the various radio cells. The direction in which a mobile radio station MS
moves is indicated in Fig. 1 by the arrow indicating the direction of travel.
In digital radio transmission systems sets of channels are formed, for example by a sequence of code-division multiplex and frequency-division multiplex operations performed on the message signals to be trans-mitted. Separating the message transmission channels of 25 adjacent base radio ~tations BS is effected using the frequency-division multiplex method, that is to say different RF-carriers for the sets of channels used in these base stations, which is illustrated in Fig. 1 by the first digit.
The radio cells can be combined into cell groups (clusters), 30 different channel sets being used in the several radio sets of a cluster and the distribution of the channel sets in a cluster being spatially and periodically repeated. During designing of the network, the co-channel repetition interval and consequently the size of the cell clusters can be chosen 35 such that predetermined requirements for the freedom of interference in the network are satisfied. Co-channel radio cells are separated in the digital radio transmission system by means of different code words, which is illustrated . . . ~` ' . ~ ' ~ , ' .
-.: .: . ., . .:
, - ~,, - .'., ., .......... ,, , : , ~ . . ~ : . : . : .
~L2~
PHD.8630' 9 3-2-1987 in ~ig. 1 by the capita~ letters A to G.
For radio cell assignment and consequently the decision for information transfer, reception quality criteria measurements are effected in -the mobile station. To that end, during the existence of a radio connection to the near base station 1/A (centrally in the network structure sho~n in Fig. 1) the reception quality of -the co-channel message transmission channels of remote base stations BS
are additionally measured in the mobile station MS. In the practical example of the network structure shown in Fig. 1 the mobile station MS mixes the transmission field strngth of the base stations BS with 1/B9 1/C, 1/D, 1/E, )~ and 1/G. The decision whether the radio connection must be switched~through is made in the near base station 15 BS which maintains the connection. For that purpose the measuring results are transmitted to the near base station BS~ which maintains the connection, in a low-rate signalling channel (ACCH). This is done in such a manner that it is inaudible for the subscriber, in parallel with the trans-20 mission of the digitized speech. A further possibility is to transmit the measuring results instead of the digi-tized speech during the speech pauses and to extract these measuring results in the base station before the recon-version of the speech.
The base station BS incorporates a store for storing the measuring values transmitted by the mobile station ~S via the message transmission channel. This store receives predetermined threshold values for the reception quality of the co-channel message transmission channels 30 from remote base stations and by comparing these values to the measuring values determined by the mobile station MS
for these base stations, a decision can be taken in the base station BS 1/A about switching-through of the radio connec-tion. This comparison is consequently based on a radio 35 bearing, the radio bearing effected being reflected in the increase and decrease of the measuring results. It is possible, without modifying the method of the invention, to effect a plurality of measurements for each base station ~ - ' ' -.'. ' :
' :'-: '' ' -'':'- '' : . : . .
- , , . ,, -: ... .
.
, - ' ~ ~' .' ~ ' ~ ~L6 PHD.~630~ 10 3-2-1987 BS throughout a measuring period and to increase the deci-sion reliability by taking the averag0 value. To adapt the factors which influence the propagation condition, for e~ample terrains, weather e-tc., the measuring values can be combined with weighting factors prior to storage.
~ ig. 2 shows the block circuit diagram of a first embodiment of the circuit arrangement provided in the mobile radio station MS when performing the method according to the invention. The signals received by the aerial are applied to a receiver E whose ou-tput is connected to an analogue-to-digital converter ADW. The receiver E has an RF-input stage, an oscillator as well as an IF-portion containing a preset amplifier. The signals converted to the basehand thereby are applied for further processing via the analogue-to-digital converter ADW to a correlator K connected thereto. The correlator K is connected to both a control device ST and to an evaluation circuit AW. With the aid of the evaluation circuit AW the measured reception quality of the co-channel massage transmission channels are evaluated by the remote base stations BS. The evaluated measuring values are stored in a first store SPM connected to the evaluation circuits AW and these measuring values are transmitted to the base station BS by means of a trans-mitter S via the message transmission channel. The control arrangement ST is connected to both the transmitter S and to a third store SPC in which the code words are stored.
A store suitable for this purpose is, for e~ample a read-only memory.
When the cost and design effort of the store in the mobile radio station MS are to be reduced, -then it is possible to omit also the first store SPM without alte-ring the me-thod of the invention, which creates the situa-tion that then on the request of the base station BS the first measurement of the receptlon ~uality criteria is effected in the mobile sta-tion MS, this measuring value is transmitted to the base station BS via the message transmission channelj whereafter the second measurement is effected etc.
- ' ' ~ ' ' . . . ' . . .
.. . . . .
- . . ,, ~ . : : ., PIID.86302 11 3-2-1987 ~ ig. 3 shows the block circuit diagram of a second embodiment of a circuit arrangement used during the performance of the method according to the invention.
A second store SPT which is connected to the first store SPM and to the control arrangement ST is arranged in the mobile radio station MS. The measuring values evaluated in the preceding measuring cycles by the evaluation circuit AW of the mobile radio station MS are stored in the second store SPT. It is also possible to store in this store SPT
the receiving quality threshold values of the remote base stations BS which are transmitted by the base station BS
to the mobile radio statiorI MS via the message transmission channel. On the basis of the evaluated measuring values stored in the second store SPT the control arrangement ST
decides on switching-through the radio connection.
. . ..
. . . .
. .
. . - ~ : ,. . . : . :. .
: .
.. . . .
~: . ' ' :.;
Claims (8)
OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A method of switching-through a radio connection when a mobile radio station (MS) moves into another radio cell, in a digital radio transmission system with frequency-division multiplexing of adjacent radio cells and co-channel radio cells being separated different signal shapes, more specifically by different spread codes, characterized in that the reception quality criteria measurements to be effected in the mobile station (MS) for assigning the radio cells and consequently for the switch-through decision are effected such that additionally during the existence of a radio connection to a near base station (BS) the reception quality of the co-channel message transmission channels are measured in the mobile radio station (MS) by the remote base station (BS).
2. A method as claimed in Claim 1, characterized in that the spread codes used by remote base stations (BS) for co-channel message transmission channels are trans-mitted via the message transmission channel by the near base station (BS) maintaining the connection, to the mobile station (MS).
3. A method as claimed in Claim 1, characterized in that the results of the measurements of the reception quality of the co-channel message transmission channels effected in the mobile station (MS) are transmitted by the mobile station (MS) via the message transmission channel to the near base station (BS) maintaining the connection.
4. A method as claimed in Claim 3, characterized in that the near base station (BS) maintaining the connection stores the received results and on the basis of the results stored in the store takes the decision if and to which of the adjacent base station (BS) switch through of the radio connection is to be effected.
PHD.86302 13 3-2-1987
PHD.86302 13 3-2-1987
5. A method as claimed in Claim 1, characterized in that the spread codes used for the co-channel message transmission channels of the remote base stations (BS) for the purposes of synchronization and multi-path resolution differ from each other and are also used in the mobile radio station (MS) for measuring the reception quality.
6. A method as claimed in Claim 5, characterized in that a signil characterizing the multi-path profile at the output of a correlator (K) which is included in the mobile station (MS) and is adjusted to the spread code to be evaluated by means of a control arrangement (ST) and on the basis of a spread code stored in a store (SPC), is used as the reception criterion.
7. A circuit arrangement for performing the method as claimed in Claim 1, characterized in that the mobile radio station (MS) includes a control arrangement (ST) connected to a correlator (K), that the output of the correlator (K) is connected to an evaluation circuit (AW) for evaluating the measured reception quality of the co-channel message transmission channels of remote base stations (BS) and that the evaluated measuring values are stored in a first store (SPM) connected to the evaluation circuit (AW).
8. A circuit arrangement as claimed in Claim 7, characterized in that the mobile station (MS) incorporates a second store (SPT) which is connected to the first store (SPM) and to the control arrangement (ST) and in which predetermined threshold values transmitted by the remote station (BS) via the message transmission channel to the mobile station (MS) for the reception quality of other base stations (BS) and/or in which measuring values evalu-ated in previous measuring cycles by the evaluation circuit (AW) of the mobile station (MS) are stored and that on the basis of the evaluated measuring values stored in the second store (SPT) the control arrangement (ST) decides on through-switching of the radio connection and applies this decision via a message transmission channel to the near base station (BS) maintaining the connection.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEP3607687.2 | 1986-03-08 | ||
| DE19863607687 DE3607687A1 (en) | 1986-03-08 | 1986-03-08 | METHOD AND CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENT FOR SWITCHING A RADIO CONNECTION INTO ANOTHER RADIO CELL OF A DIGITAL RADIO TRANSMISSION SYSTEM |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1272816C CA1272816C (en) | 1990-08-14 |
| CA1272816A true CA1272816A (en) | 1990-08-14 |
Family
ID=6295846
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000531224A Expired - Lifetime CA1272816A (en) | 1986-03-08 | 1987-03-05 | Method of and circuit arrangement for switching- through a radio connection to another radio cell of a digital radio transmission system |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4765753A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0241954B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2532865B2 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU593619B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1272816A (en) |
| DE (2) | DE3607687A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK113387A (en) |
| FI (1) | FI85788C (en) |
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-
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1987
- 1987-02-25 EP EP87200316A patent/EP0241954B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-02-25 DE DE87200316T patent/DE3787916D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-03-03 US US07/021,105 patent/US4765753A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-03-05 CA CA000531224A patent/CA1272816A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-03-05 JP JP62049010A patent/JP2532865B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-03-05 DK DK113387A patent/DK113387A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1987-03-05 FI FI870968A patent/FI85788C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-03-06 AU AU69782/87A patent/AU593619B2/en not_active Ceased
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| JP2532865B2 (en) | 1996-09-11 |
| CA1272816C (en) | 1990-08-14 |
| AU6978287A (en) | 1987-09-10 |
| DK113387A (en) | 1987-09-09 |
| DK113387D0 (en) | 1987-03-05 |
| FI85788C (en) | 1992-05-25 |
| AU593619B2 (en) | 1990-02-15 |
| DE3607687A1 (en) | 1987-09-10 |
| EP0241954A3 (en) | 1989-04-19 |
| JPS62213435A (en) | 1987-09-19 |
| US4765753A (en) | 1988-08-23 |
| EP0241954B1 (en) | 1993-10-27 |
| EP0241954A2 (en) | 1987-10-21 |
| FI870968A (en) | 1987-09-09 |
| DE3787916D1 (en) | 1993-12-02 |
| FI870968A0 (en) | 1987-03-05 |
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