CA1268699A - Cleaning method and apparatus - Google Patents
Cleaning method and apparatusInfo
- Publication number
- CA1268699A CA1268699A CA000463458A CA463458A CA1268699A CA 1268699 A CA1268699 A CA 1268699A CA 000463458 A CA000463458 A CA 000463458A CA 463458 A CA463458 A CA 463458A CA 1268699 A CA1268699 A CA 1268699A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- snow
- mixture
- particles
- liquid
- carbon dioxide
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
- B24C1/003—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods using material which dissolves or changes phase after the treatment, e.g. ice, CO2
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25C—PRODUCING, WORKING OR HANDLING ICE
- F25C1/00—Producing ice
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
Part of liquefied carbon dioxide is subjected to adiabatic expansion so that the remainder becomes snow-like dry ice due to heat of vaporization and heat of sublimation while a liquid is sprayed to produce a snow-like frozen liquid. The snow-like dry ice and the snow-like frozen liquid are mixed and the mixture is compressed and pelletized to produce hard particles each of which consists of a particle of snow-like dry ice coated with snow-like frozen liquid. The thus obtained particles are projected by compressed air or water under high pressure against an object to be cleaned. Wet type abrasive blasting can be effected because when the particles are projected against the object, the frozen liquid which coats the surfaces of snow-like dry-ice particles is broken.
Part of liquefied carbon dioxide is subjected to adiabatic expansion so that the remainder becomes snow-like dry ice due to heat of vaporization and heat of sublimation while a liquid is sprayed to produce a snow-like frozen liquid. The snow-like dry ice and the snow-like frozen liquid are mixed and the mixture is compressed and pelletized to produce hard particles each of which consists of a particle of snow-like dry ice coated with snow-like frozen liquid. The thus obtained particles are projected by compressed air or water under high pressure against an object to be cleaned. Wet type abrasive blasting can be effected because when the particles are projected against the object, the frozen liquid which coats the surfaces of snow-like dry-ice particles is broken.
Description
CLEANING METHOD AND APPARATUS
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a cleaning method and apparatus in which composite particles consisting of snow-like ice powder and snow-like dry ice are projected against an object to be cleaned.
There are two typical cleaning methods of this kind;
that is, (1) sand blasting method in which sand is projected under high pressure through a nozzle against an object to be cleaned and (2) a dry-ice blasting method in which large lumps of dry ice are broken into finely divided particles and such dry-ice particles are projected against an object to be cleaned.
In the sand blasting method, dust or the like is scat-tered too much. Especially when thesand blasting method is employed for cleaning of various devices and equipment in a nuclear power plant, there arisesa problem that dust includ-ing radioactive substances is scattered and discharged into the atmosphere.
In the dry-ice blasting method, when relatively large lumps of dry ice are broken into finely divided dry-ice particles, dry-ice particles tend to become powder. As a result, the yield of the dry ice used is poor and the dry-ice blasting method becomes very expensive. Furthermore, there is a problem that dry-ice particles are vaporized during the cleaning operation so that an object being clean-~:ed cannot be seen. That is, the working conditions are adversely affected.
~ The present invention was made to overcome the above :: ' ~ ,- . :
9~
and other problems and has its primary object to project particles whose surfaces are harder than those of dry-ice particles, thereby improving the cleaning efficiency. To the above and other ends, according to the present invention, snow-like solids (to be called "snow dry ice") are produced from liquefied carbon dioxide and a liquid is sprayed over the snow dry ice, whereby the snow mixture consisting of dry ice and frozen liquid is produced. The snow mixture is compressed in the form of particles or chalk-like elongated pieces and charged into a projector so as to be projected against an object by compressed air or water under high pressure.
The liquid is frozen over the surface of each dry-ice particles so -that the surfaces of the composite particles beaome very hard so that the blasting efficiency can be improved. Furthermore the ice surfaces are broken when the composite particles strike against an object to be cleaned so that a wet type blasting can be carried out. As a result, the phenomenon that an object becomes invisible due to the vaporiæation of dry-ice particles can be avoided~
Thus, according to the present invention, there is provided a cleaning method which comprises spraying a liquid onto snow-like solids produced by heat of vaporization and heat of sublimation obtained when liquefied carbon dioxide is subjected to adiabatic expansion, whereby a snow mixture consisting of snow-like dry ice and snow-like frozen liquid is produced, pelletizing said snow mixture by compression, and then directing the thus ob-tained particles or pellets onto an object to be cleaned.
In another aspect, the invention provides a cleaning apparatus comprising a snow-mixture making device including means oi ~
..~
6~
for atomiziny liquefied carbon dioxide and means for spraying a liquid into atomized carbon dioxide, a compression pelletizer for compressing a snow mixture produced by said snow-mixture making device to produce particles or pellets of said snow mixture, and projector means ~or projecting said particles or pellets produced by said compression pelletizer as an abrasive onto an object to be cleaned.
The above effects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description oE a preferred embodiment of the present invention taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Flgure 1 shows a preferred embodiment of a cleaning apparatus in accordance with the present invention; and Figure 2 is a sectional view of an example of a snow~
mixture making device.
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DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFFERED EMBODIMENT
According to the present invention, prior to production of dry-ice particles, part of liquefied carbon dioxide (LC02) is subjected to adiabatic expansion so that the remainder becomes snow dry ice due to heat of vaporization and heat of sublimation. Then, a liquid is sprayed to produce snow-like rrozen liquid. Snow-like frozen liquid and snow dry ice are mixed to prepare snow mixture and the snow mixture is charged into a pelletizer to produce particles of snow mixture. The composite particles consisting of dry ice and frozen liquid are forcedly projected as abrasive against an object to be cleaned.
Referring to Fig. 1, C02 gas is compressed at 10W tem-perature to produce LC02. LC02 is transported by a tank truck 6 and stored in a storage tank 2. LC02 stored in the storage tank 2 is transported through a pump 3 to a snow-mixture making device 1 so as to produce snow dry ice.
Water stored in a water storage tank 4 is charged under high pressure by a high pressure pump 5 into the snow-mixture making device 1 so as to produce snow-like ice powder (to be called "snow ice"). Snow dry ice and snow ice are mixed.
The snow-mixture making device 1 is exemplarily shown in detail in Fig. 2. A spray nozzle la for spraying LC02 like mist is disposed at the top of the snow-mixture making device 1 and is directed downwardly. Another spray nozzle lb for spraying water downwardly at a predetermined rate is disposed below the spray nozzle la. The spray nozzle la is communicated through a hose 7 with the pump 3 while the water spray nozzle lb is communicated through a hose 8 wi~h the high pressure pump 5. A part of the hose 8 which is disposed : - 3 -.
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~ ,~6~6g~
within the snow-mixture making device 1 is applied with a heat insulating material 9 and is heated by a heater (not shown) so that the water is prevented from being frozen within the hose 8 in the snow-mixure making device 1.
The snow-mixture making device 1 is connected to a pelletizer 11 which compresses the snow mixture 10 produced by the snow-mixture making device 1 into particles or chalk-like elongated pieces 27 consisting of the mixture of dry ice and ice.
A variety of pelletizers 11 are available. In one pelletizer, the mixture consisting of snow dry ice and snow ice is compressed with a press mold so that many particles are produced. In another pelletizer, holes are formed through the cylindrical wall of an outer barrel so that the snow mixture charged into the space between the outer barrel and an inner rotating barrel is extruded through the holes, whereby the snow mixture is pelletized.
Thus obtained snow-mixture particles are projected as abrasive against an object to be cleaned by means of a projecting device. The projecting device has a projector 13 and a hopper 12 which is charged with snow-mixture particles and is communicated with the top of the projector 13 through a solenoid-controlled valve 14. The projector 13 comprises an upper vessel 13a and a lower vessel 13b and a solenoid-controlled valve 15 is interposed between the upper and lower vessels 13a and 13b while another solenoid-controlled valve 15 is attacked to the bottom of the lower vessel 13b. The upper vessel 13a is communicated with an air line 19 having a defrosting device 21 and a valve 22 while the lower vessel 13b is communicated with an air line 20 having a defrosting .
~ 9 device 23 and a valve 24. The bottom of the lower vessel 13b is communicated through the valve 16 with a compressed-air line 18 and the snow-mixture particles consisting of snow dry ice and snow ice are projected through a nozzle 17 by the compressed air against an object 25 on a table (not shown). ~eference numeral 26 denotes a conveyor for trans-porting particles 27 produced by the pelletizer 11 to the hopper 12; and 28, a valve.
In order to produce abrasive particles, liquefied C02 (LCO2) is transported by the pump 3 from the storage tank 2 to the snow-mixture making device 1 and is sprayed through the spray nozzle la. Part of LCO2 is subject to adiabatic expansion so that the remainder becomes snow dry ice with a temperature of about -80C due to heat of vaporizarion and heat of sub-limation. In this case, according to the present invention, water is also sprayed. More particularly, water (H2O) sup-plied from the water storage tank 4 is increased in pressure by the high pressure pump 5 and then sprayed through the water spray nozzle lb within the snow-mixture making device 1. The sprayed water absorbs negative heat produced when snow dry ice is produced and becomes snow-like ice powder.
The snow-like ice powder is then mixed with snow dry ice9 whereby snow mixture consisting of C02 and H2O is producedO
The mixture 10 produced by the snow-mixture making device 1 is charged,into the compression or extrusion pelletizer 11 so that chalk-like or particle-like mixture can be obtained.
Thus obtained particles of the mixture consisting of dry ice and ice have a structure in which the surface of a dry-ice particle of about -~0C is coated with ice. The surfaces of snow-mixture particles are glossy and hard.
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Even when the temperature ls higher than about -80C and ice coating the surfaces of snow-dry-ice partLcles do not melt, dry ice will not melt and not vaporize. As a result, the snow-mixture partiCles are not surrounded with mist and the consumption of dry ice can be avoided.
The particles 27 whose surfaces are glossy and hard are charged by the conveyor 26 into the hopper 12 and then into the projecting device 13. As described above, the projecting device 13 comprises the upper and lower vessels 13a and 13b so that the particles each of which comprises a dry-ice particle coated with ice are transported in a manner to be described below. In order to chargethe particles 27 from the hopper 12 into the upper vessel 13a, the solenoid-controlled valve 15 and the valve 22 are closed while the solenoid-controlled valve 14 is opened. Thereafter the solenoid-controlled valve 14 is closed while the solenoid-controlled valve 15 and the valve 22 are opened so that the particles 27 are charged from the upper vessel 13a into the lower vessel 13b. Next the solenoid-controlled valve 16 and the valve 28 are opened so that the particles 27 are contin-uously supplied to the projection nozzle 17. The above-described steps are repleated so that the particles 27 are charged into the projecting device 13.
The particles 27 are sprayed through the projection nozzle 17 against the object 25, whereby cleaning is effected.
As described above, the particles 27 which are projected against the object 25 through the projection nozzle 17 has a structure that each dry-ice particle is coated with ice.
Therefore the particles 27 have surfaces harder than those of dry-ice particles so that the particles 27 can more : ~.. -...
. ~ .
.. . . : , .. :
:-.. ~ .. .. .
effectively abrase the surfaces of the object 25. Further-more when the abrasive particles in accordance with the present invention are projected against the object 25, part of ice coating the surfaces of the abrasive particles 27 is broken and becomes mist so that the wet type abrasive blast-ing can be carried out. In the case of the dry ice particles, they are vaporized when projected against an object so that the object becomes invisible; but according to the present invention such problem as described above can be solved.
Moreover, unlike sand balsting, the scattering of dust can be prevented.
So far it has been described that the abrasive particles 27 are projected by the compressed air, but it is to be understood that they may be projected by water under high pressure. The projector 13 has been described as com-prising two vessels 13a and 13b, but it is to be under-stood that the projector 13 comprises only one vessel.
It has been also described that the abrasive particles 27 ar_ produced by compressing or extruding the snow mixture consisting of snow dry ice and snow ice, the abrasive particles being in the form of chalk or particles; but it is to be understood that instead of water any suitable liquid can be used. When a process liquid is used, there is an advantage that no foreign matter is entrained in the process liquid. Furthermore, it is to be understood that various modifications may be made without leaving the true spirit of the present invention.
As is clear from the foregoing, according to the present invention, abrasive particles produced by compressing or extruding the snow mixture consisting of snow-like dry ice . .
....... .
.... . -. ..
~ 26~36~
a~d snow-like frozen liquid are used so that the following effects, features and advantages can be obtained:
(i) Unlilce sand blasting, no dust scattering occurs and unlike abrasive blasting using only dry-ice particles, visibility is not adversely affected by vaporization of dry ice. As a result, working conditions can be considerably improved.
(ii) Each abrasive particles is produced by compressing the mixture consisting of snow-like dry ice and snow-like frozen liquid so that it is very hard. As a result, as compared with the case in which only dry ice particles are used, an object to be cleaned can be more effectively and eEficiently abrased. In other words, the efficiency of abrasive blast-ing can be remarkably improved.
(iii) In order to produce abrasive particles, liquefied carbon dioxide and a liquid are mixed at a suitable ratio. As a result, a reouired amount of snow mixture for pelletization can be produced as needs demand.
(iv) Generally, dry ice cannot be stored for a long time.
According to the present invention, liquefied carbon dioxide is stored and, in use, part of liquefied cabron dioxide is vaporized so that the remainder becomes snow-like dry ice;
in this case, liquid is sprayed so that the snow mixture is obtained. Thus, according to the present invention, the starting material for produc~ion of abrasive particles can be stored for a long time.
. . ,,; . . .
.... ,. . ~
,
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a cleaning method and apparatus in which composite particles consisting of snow-like ice powder and snow-like dry ice are projected against an object to be cleaned.
There are two typical cleaning methods of this kind;
that is, (1) sand blasting method in which sand is projected under high pressure through a nozzle against an object to be cleaned and (2) a dry-ice blasting method in which large lumps of dry ice are broken into finely divided particles and such dry-ice particles are projected against an object to be cleaned.
In the sand blasting method, dust or the like is scat-tered too much. Especially when thesand blasting method is employed for cleaning of various devices and equipment in a nuclear power plant, there arisesa problem that dust includ-ing radioactive substances is scattered and discharged into the atmosphere.
In the dry-ice blasting method, when relatively large lumps of dry ice are broken into finely divided dry-ice particles, dry-ice particles tend to become powder. As a result, the yield of the dry ice used is poor and the dry-ice blasting method becomes very expensive. Furthermore, there is a problem that dry-ice particles are vaporized during the cleaning operation so that an object being clean-~:ed cannot be seen. That is, the working conditions are adversely affected.
~ The present invention was made to overcome the above :: ' ~ ,- . :
9~
and other problems and has its primary object to project particles whose surfaces are harder than those of dry-ice particles, thereby improving the cleaning efficiency. To the above and other ends, according to the present invention, snow-like solids (to be called "snow dry ice") are produced from liquefied carbon dioxide and a liquid is sprayed over the snow dry ice, whereby the snow mixture consisting of dry ice and frozen liquid is produced. The snow mixture is compressed in the form of particles or chalk-like elongated pieces and charged into a projector so as to be projected against an object by compressed air or water under high pressure.
The liquid is frozen over the surface of each dry-ice particles so -that the surfaces of the composite particles beaome very hard so that the blasting efficiency can be improved. Furthermore the ice surfaces are broken when the composite particles strike against an object to be cleaned so that a wet type blasting can be carried out. As a result, the phenomenon that an object becomes invisible due to the vaporiæation of dry-ice particles can be avoided~
Thus, according to the present invention, there is provided a cleaning method which comprises spraying a liquid onto snow-like solids produced by heat of vaporization and heat of sublimation obtained when liquefied carbon dioxide is subjected to adiabatic expansion, whereby a snow mixture consisting of snow-like dry ice and snow-like frozen liquid is produced, pelletizing said snow mixture by compression, and then directing the thus ob-tained particles or pellets onto an object to be cleaned.
In another aspect, the invention provides a cleaning apparatus comprising a snow-mixture making device including means oi ~
..~
6~
for atomiziny liquefied carbon dioxide and means for spraying a liquid into atomized carbon dioxide, a compression pelletizer for compressing a snow mixture produced by said snow-mixture making device to produce particles or pellets of said snow mixture, and projector means ~or projecting said particles or pellets produced by said compression pelletizer as an abrasive onto an object to be cleaned.
The above effects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description oE a preferred embodiment of the present invention taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Flgure 1 shows a preferred embodiment of a cleaning apparatus in accordance with the present invention; and Figure 2 is a sectional view of an example of a snow~
mixture making device.
- 2a -~ .
-: : . . : ~: ,; . :
~. ~
: ... :
', ': .
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFFERED EMBODIMENT
According to the present invention, prior to production of dry-ice particles, part of liquefied carbon dioxide (LC02) is subjected to adiabatic expansion so that the remainder becomes snow dry ice due to heat of vaporization and heat of sublimation. Then, a liquid is sprayed to produce snow-like rrozen liquid. Snow-like frozen liquid and snow dry ice are mixed to prepare snow mixture and the snow mixture is charged into a pelletizer to produce particles of snow mixture. The composite particles consisting of dry ice and frozen liquid are forcedly projected as abrasive against an object to be cleaned.
Referring to Fig. 1, C02 gas is compressed at 10W tem-perature to produce LC02. LC02 is transported by a tank truck 6 and stored in a storage tank 2. LC02 stored in the storage tank 2 is transported through a pump 3 to a snow-mixture making device 1 so as to produce snow dry ice.
Water stored in a water storage tank 4 is charged under high pressure by a high pressure pump 5 into the snow-mixture making device 1 so as to produce snow-like ice powder (to be called "snow ice"). Snow dry ice and snow ice are mixed.
The snow-mixture making device 1 is exemplarily shown in detail in Fig. 2. A spray nozzle la for spraying LC02 like mist is disposed at the top of the snow-mixture making device 1 and is directed downwardly. Another spray nozzle lb for spraying water downwardly at a predetermined rate is disposed below the spray nozzle la. The spray nozzle la is communicated through a hose 7 with the pump 3 while the water spray nozzle lb is communicated through a hose 8 wi~h the high pressure pump 5. A part of the hose 8 which is disposed : - 3 -.
`
~ ,~6~6g~
within the snow-mixture making device 1 is applied with a heat insulating material 9 and is heated by a heater (not shown) so that the water is prevented from being frozen within the hose 8 in the snow-mixure making device 1.
The snow-mixture making device 1 is connected to a pelletizer 11 which compresses the snow mixture 10 produced by the snow-mixture making device 1 into particles or chalk-like elongated pieces 27 consisting of the mixture of dry ice and ice.
A variety of pelletizers 11 are available. In one pelletizer, the mixture consisting of snow dry ice and snow ice is compressed with a press mold so that many particles are produced. In another pelletizer, holes are formed through the cylindrical wall of an outer barrel so that the snow mixture charged into the space between the outer barrel and an inner rotating barrel is extruded through the holes, whereby the snow mixture is pelletized.
Thus obtained snow-mixture particles are projected as abrasive against an object to be cleaned by means of a projecting device. The projecting device has a projector 13 and a hopper 12 which is charged with snow-mixture particles and is communicated with the top of the projector 13 through a solenoid-controlled valve 14. The projector 13 comprises an upper vessel 13a and a lower vessel 13b and a solenoid-controlled valve 15 is interposed between the upper and lower vessels 13a and 13b while another solenoid-controlled valve 15 is attacked to the bottom of the lower vessel 13b. The upper vessel 13a is communicated with an air line 19 having a defrosting device 21 and a valve 22 while the lower vessel 13b is communicated with an air line 20 having a defrosting .
~ 9 device 23 and a valve 24. The bottom of the lower vessel 13b is communicated through the valve 16 with a compressed-air line 18 and the snow-mixture particles consisting of snow dry ice and snow ice are projected through a nozzle 17 by the compressed air against an object 25 on a table (not shown). ~eference numeral 26 denotes a conveyor for trans-porting particles 27 produced by the pelletizer 11 to the hopper 12; and 28, a valve.
In order to produce abrasive particles, liquefied C02 (LCO2) is transported by the pump 3 from the storage tank 2 to the snow-mixture making device 1 and is sprayed through the spray nozzle la. Part of LCO2 is subject to adiabatic expansion so that the remainder becomes snow dry ice with a temperature of about -80C due to heat of vaporizarion and heat of sub-limation. In this case, according to the present invention, water is also sprayed. More particularly, water (H2O) sup-plied from the water storage tank 4 is increased in pressure by the high pressure pump 5 and then sprayed through the water spray nozzle lb within the snow-mixture making device 1. The sprayed water absorbs negative heat produced when snow dry ice is produced and becomes snow-like ice powder.
The snow-like ice powder is then mixed with snow dry ice9 whereby snow mixture consisting of C02 and H2O is producedO
The mixture 10 produced by the snow-mixture making device 1 is charged,into the compression or extrusion pelletizer 11 so that chalk-like or particle-like mixture can be obtained.
Thus obtained particles of the mixture consisting of dry ice and ice have a structure in which the surface of a dry-ice particle of about -~0C is coated with ice. The surfaces of snow-mixture particles are glossy and hard.
~, - 5 -. ~
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~ 6~ ~
Even when the temperature ls higher than about -80C and ice coating the surfaces of snow-dry-ice partLcles do not melt, dry ice will not melt and not vaporize. As a result, the snow-mixture partiCles are not surrounded with mist and the consumption of dry ice can be avoided.
The particles 27 whose surfaces are glossy and hard are charged by the conveyor 26 into the hopper 12 and then into the projecting device 13. As described above, the projecting device 13 comprises the upper and lower vessels 13a and 13b so that the particles each of which comprises a dry-ice particle coated with ice are transported in a manner to be described below. In order to chargethe particles 27 from the hopper 12 into the upper vessel 13a, the solenoid-controlled valve 15 and the valve 22 are closed while the solenoid-controlled valve 14 is opened. Thereafter the solenoid-controlled valve 14 is closed while the solenoid-controlled valve 15 and the valve 22 are opened so that the particles 27 are charged from the upper vessel 13a into the lower vessel 13b. Next the solenoid-controlled valve 16 and the valve 28 are opened so that the particles 27 are contin-uously supplied to the projection nozzle 17. The above-described steps are repleated so that the particles 27 are charged into the projecting device 13.
The particles 27 are sprayed through the projection nozzle 17 against the object 25, whereby cleaning is effected.
As described above, the particles 27 which are projected against the object 25 through the projection nozzle 17 has a structure that each dry-ice particle is coated with ice.
Therefore the particles 27 have surfaces harder than those of dry-ice particles so that the particles 27 can more : ~.. -...
. ~ .
.. . . : , .. :
:-.. ~ .. .. .
effectively abrase the surfaces of the object 25. Further-more when the abrasive particles in accordance with the present invention are projected against the object 25, part of ice coating the surfaces of the abrasive particles 27 is broken and becomes mist so that the wet type abrasive blast-ing can be carried out. In the case of the dry ice particles, they are vaporized when projected against an object so that the object becomes invisible; but according to the present invention such problem as described above can be solved.
Moreover, unlike sand balsting, the scattering of dust can be prevented.
So far it has been described that the abrasive particles 27 are projected by the compressed air, but it is to be understood that they may be projected by water under high pressure. The projector 13 has been described as com-prising two vessels 13a and 13b, but it is to be under-stood that the projector 13 comprises only one vessel.
It has been also described that the abrasive particles 27 ar_ produced by compressing or extruding the snow mixture consisting of snow dry ice and snow ice, the abrasive particles being in the form of chalk or particles; but it is to be understood that instead of water any suitable liquid can be used. When a process liquid is used, there is an advantage that no foreign matter is entrained in the process liquid. Furthermore, it is to be understood that various modifications may be made without leaving the true spirit of the present invention.
As is clear from the foregoing, according to the present invention, abrasive particles produced by compressing or extruding the snow mixture consisting of snow-like dry ice . .
....... .
.... . -. ..
~ 26~36~
a~d snow-like frozen liquid are used so that the following effects, features and advantages can be obtained:
(i) Unlilce sand blasting, no dust scattering occurs and unlike abrasive blasting using only dry-ice particles, visibility is not adversely affected by vaporization of dry ice. As a result, working conditions can be considerably improved.
(ii) Each abrasive particles is produced by compressing the mixture consisting of snow-like dry ice and snow-like frozen liquid so that it is very hard. As a result, as compared with the case in which only dry ice particles are used, an object to be cleaned can be more effectively and eEficiently abrased. In other words, the efficiency of abrasive blast-ing can be remarkably improved.
(iii) In order to produce abrasive particles, liquefied carbon dioxide and a liquid are mixed at a suitable ratio. As a result, a reouired amount of snow mixture for pelletization can be produced as needs demand.
(iv) Generally, dry ice cannot be stored for a long time.
According to the present invention, liquefied carbon dioxide is stored and, in use, part of liquefied cabron dioxide is vaporized so that the remainder becomes snow-like dry ice;
in this case, liquid is sprayed so that the snow mixture is obtained. Thus, according to the present invention, the starting material for produc~ion of abrasive particles can be stored for a long time.
. . ,,; . . .
.... ,. . ~
,
Claims (9)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A cleaning method which comprises spraying a liquid onto snow-like solids produced by heat of vaporization and heat of sublimation obtained when liquefied carbon dioxide is subjected to adiabatic expansion, whereby a snow mixture consisting of snow-like dry ice and snow-like frozen liquid is produced, pelle-tizing said snow mixture by compression, and then directing the thus obtained particles or pellets onto an object to be cleaned.
2. A cleaning apparatus comprising a snow-mixture making device including means for atomizing liquefied carbon dioxide and means for spryaing a liquid into atomized carbon dioxide, a compression pelletizer for compressing a snow mixture produced by said snow-mixture making device to produce particles or pellets of said snow mixture, and projector means for projecting said particles or pellets produced by said compression pelletizer as an abrasive onto an object to be cleaned.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the liquid is water.
4. The method according to claim 3,wherein a part of the liquified carbon dioxide is sprayed from a nozzle within a device, thereby forming the snow-like solids due to adiabatic expansion; and water is simultaneously sprayed within the same device from a nozzle below the nozzle for spraying the liquid carbon dioxide.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein both the liquid dioxide and water are sprayed downwardly.
6. The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the snow-mixture making device comprises therein a spray nozzle for spraying downwardly the liquified carbon dioxide at the top of the device and a spray nozzle for spraying water downwardly below the spray nozzle for spraying the liquified carbon dioxide.
7. The apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the snow-mixture making device further comprises a hose for transporting water from outside the device to the water-spraying nozzle inside the device, the hose being covered by a heat insulating material and being provided with a heater so that water is prevented from being forzen within the hose.
8. The apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the pelletizer comprises an outer barrel having a cylindrical wall and an inner rotatable barrel, the cylindrical wall of the outer barrel having holes such that the snow mixture may be extruded through spaces formed between the inner and outer barrels.
9. The apparatus according to claim 6, 7 or 8, wherein the projector means comprises at least one vessel each having a bottom to which a solenoid-controlled valve is attached; a compressed air line; and a nozzle for projecting the snow mixture onto the object.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58172732A JPS6067077A (en) | 1983-09-19 | 1983-09-19 | Ice grain grinding method and system |
| JP172732/1983 | 1983-09-19 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1268699A true CA1268699A (en) | 1990-05-08 |
Family
ID=15947289
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000463458A Expired - Fee Related CA1268699A (en) | 1983-09-19 | 1984-09-18 | Cleaning method and apparatus |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4977910A (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS6067077A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1268699A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3434163C2 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2552004A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2146926B (en) |
Families Citing this family (100)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3844648C2 (en) * | 1987-06-23 | 1992-02-20 | Taiyo Sanso Co. Ltd., Osaka, Jp | |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| NL38572C (en) * | 1933-06-17 | |||
| US2699403A (en) * | 1952-05-24 | 1955-01-11 | Emmett J Courts | Means and methods for cleaning and polishing automobiles |
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| GB942182A (en) * | 1959-01-23 | 1963-11-20 | Unilever Ltd | Removing flesh by shot blasting |
| US3298138A (en) * | 1964-02-24 | 1967-01-17 | Pangborn Corp | Apparatus for deflashing molded resilient pieces |
| US3676963A (en) * | 1971-03-08 | 1972-07-18 | Chemotronics International Inc | Method for the removal of unwanted portions of an article |
| US3702519A (en) * | 1971-07-12 | 1972-11-14 | Chemotronics International Inc | Method for the removal of unwanted portions of an article by spraying with high velocity dry ice particles |
| GB1397102A (en) * | 1972-03-22 | 1975-06-11 | Carrier Drysys Ltd | Abrasive treatment of a surface of a metal substrate |
| US4038786A (en) * | 1974-09-27 | 1977-08-02 | Lockheed Aircraft Corporation | Sandblasting with pellets of material capable of sublimation |
| GB2042399B (en) * | 1979-01-15 | 1982-09-22 | Boc Ltd | Method and apparatus for penetrating a body of material or treating a surface |
| FR2475425A1 (en) * | 1980-02-08 | 1981-08-14 | Reel Sa | Cleaner for external aircraft surfaces - combines compressed air with water and coolant to produce stream of ice particles |
-
1983
- 1983-09-19 JP JP58172732A patent/JPS6067077A/en active Pending
-
1984
- 1984-09-17 US US06/651,267 patent/US4977910A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1984-09-18 DE DE3434163A patent/DE3434163C2/en not_active Expired
- 1984-09-18 GB GB08423592A patent/GB2146926B/en not_active Expired
- 1984-09-18 CA CA000463458A patent/CA1268699A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1984-09-19 FR FR8414488A patent/FR2552004A1/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE3434163A1 (en) | 1985-04-11 |
| FR2552004A1 (en) | 1985-03-22 |
| US4977910A (en) | 1990-12-18 |
| GB2146926A (en) | 1985-05-01 |
| GB8423592D0 (en) | 1984-10-24 |
| JPS6067077A (en) | 1985-04-17 |
| DE3434163C2 (en) | 1985-10-31 |
| GB2146926B (en) | 1987-01-07 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| MKLA | Lapsed |