CA1237227A - Mouldable glistening polymers containing graphite - Google Patents
Mouldable glistening polymers containing graphiteInfo
- Publication number
- CA1237227A CA1237227A CA000434916A CA434916A CA1237227A CA 1237227 A CA1237227 A CA 1237227A CA 000434916 A CA000434916 A CA 000434916A CA 434916 A CA434916 A CA 434916A CA 1237227 A CA1237227 A CA 1237227A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- pigment
- graphite
- composition according
- organic material
- silky
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 title description 2
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 claims description 27
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012860 organic pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- BTXXTMOWISPQSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4,4-trifluorobutan-2-one Chemical class CC(=O)CC(F)(F)F BTXXTMOWISPQSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 claims description 3
- REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Octadecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000000180 1,2-diols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000987 azo dye Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001000 anthraquinone dye Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000004696 coordination complex Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 32
- GLLRIXZGBQOFLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Xanthorin Natural products C1=C(C)C=C2C(=O)C3=C(O)C(OC)=CC(O)=C3C(=O)C2=C1O GLLRIXZGBQOFLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 8
- VQLYBLABXAHUDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(4-fluorophenyl)-methyl-(1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)silane;methyl n-(1h-benzimidazol-2-yl)carbamate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1.C=1C=C(F)C=CC=1[Si](C=1C=CC(F)=CC=1)(C)CN1C=NC=N1 VQLYBLABXAHUDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 241001106476 Violaceae Species 0.000 description 5
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- XFYQEBBUVNLYBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 12-phthaloperinone Chemical compound C1=CC(N2C(=O)C=3C(=CC=CC=3)C2=N2)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 XFYQEBBUVNLYBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CSJZKSXYLTYFPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-azaniumyl-3-(4-tert-butylphenyl)propanoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=C(CC(N)C(O)=O)C=C1 CSJZKSXYLTYFPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BGYHLZZASRKEJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-[3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyloxy]-2,2-bis[3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyloxymethyl]propyl] 3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=CC(CCC(=O)OCC(COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)(COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)=C1 BGYHLZZASRKEJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001023 inorganic pigment Substances 0.000 description 3
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PXZQEOJJUGGUIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoindolin-1-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)NCC2=C1 PXZQEOJJUGGUIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- IZMJMCDDWKSTTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinoline yellow Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=NC(C3C(C4=CC=CC=C4C3=O)=O)=CC=C21 IZMJMCDDWKSTTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- PQJUJGAVDBINPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9H-thioxanthene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CC3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 PQJUJGAVDBINPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920004011 Macrolon® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- DZBUGLKDJFMEHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acridine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3N=C21 DZBUGLKDJFMEHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PYKYMHQGRFAEBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthraquinone Natural products CCC(=O)c1c(O)c2C(=O)C3C(C=CC=C3O)C(=O)c2cc1CC(=O)OC PYKYMHQGRFAEBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004056 anthraquinones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZYGHJZDHTFUPRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N coumarin Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC(=O)C=CC2=C1 ZYGHJZDHTFUPRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PPSZHCXTGRHULJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxazine Chemical compound O1ON=CC=C1 PPSZHCXTGRHULJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N docosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013980 iron oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 2
- HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium stearate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000001434 methanylylidene group Chemical group [H]C#[*] 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- DGBWPZSGHAXYGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N perinone Chemical compound C12=NC3=CC=CC=C3N2C(=O)C2=CC=C3C4=C2C1=CC=C4C(=O)N1C2=CC=CC=C2N=C13 DGBWPZSGHAXYGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- JOUDBUYBGJYFFP-FOCLMDBBSA-N thioindigo Chemical compound S\1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C/1=C1/C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2S1 JOUDBUYBGJYFFP-FOCLMDBBSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGKMIGUHVLGJBR-UHFFFAOYSA-M (4z)-1-(3-methylbutyl)-4-[[1-(3-methylbutyl)quinolin-1-ium-4-yl]methylidene]quinoline;iodide Chemical compound [I-].C12=CC=CC=C2N(CCC(C)C)C=CC1=CC1=CC=[N+](CCC(C)C)C2=CC=CC=C12 QGKMIGUHVLGJBR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- JMEWGCRUPXQFQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dichloro-5,12-dihydroquinolino[2,3-b]acridine-7,14-dione Chemical compound N1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C2=C1C=C(C(=O)C=1C(=CC=C(C=1Cl)Cl)N1)C1=C2 JMEWGCRUPXQFQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FPRGJFFNVANESG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-phenylsulfanylanthracene-9,10-dione Chemical class C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1SC1=CC=CC=C1 FPRGJFFNVANESG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BCHZICNRHXRCHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2h-oxazine Chemical compound N1OC=CC=C1 BCHZICNRHXRCHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AGIJRRREJXSQJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2h-thiazine Chemical compound N1SC=CC=C1 AGIJRRREJXSQJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GOLORTLGFDVFDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(1h-benzimidazol-2-yl)-7-(diethylamino)chromen-2-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC(C3=CC4=CC=C(C=C4OC3=O)N(CC)CC)=NC2=C1 GOLORTLGFDVFDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WUPHOULIZUERAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(oxolan-2-yl)propanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC1CCCO1 WUPHOULIZUERAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MMBYJYAFFGKUDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-aminoisoindol-1-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(N)=NC(=O)C2=C1 MMBYJYAFFGKUDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MTKKGHVQPVOXIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3h-isoindol-1-amine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(N)=NCC2=C1 MTKKGHVQPVOXIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WSSSPWUEQFSQQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-1-pentene Chemical compound CC(C)CC=C WSSSPWUEQFSQQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GJCOSYZMQJWQCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9H-xanthene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CC3=CC=CC=C3OC2=C1 GJCOSYZMQJWQCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQACOLQNOUYJCE-FYZZASKESA-N Abietic acid Natural products CC(C)C1=CC2=CC[C@]3(C)[C@](C)(CCC[C@@]3(C)C(=O)O)[C@H]2CC1 BQACOLQNOUYJCE-FYZZASKESA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001279686 Allium moly Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021357 Behenic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Di-n-octyl phthalate Natural products CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCCCCCC MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BWGNESOTFCXPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen disulfide Chemical compound SS BWGNESOTFCXPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000965 Duroplast Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001856 Ethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl cellulose Chemical compound CCOCC1OC(OC)C(OCC)C(OCC)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O1 ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001235534 Graphis <ascomycete fungus> Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004608 Heat Stabiliser Substances 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000459 Nitrile rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001944 Plastisol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001328 Polyvinylidene chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NRCMAYZCPIVABH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinacridone Chemical compound N1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C2=C1C=C1C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3NC1=C2 NRCMAYZCPIVABH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001807 Urea-formaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006099 Vestamid® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920004482 WACKER® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005083 Zinc sulfide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZMJPCIAEJKVKMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M [4-[[4-[benzyl(methyl)amino]phenyl]-[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]methylidene]cyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene]-dimethylazanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C1C(C=1C=CC(=CC=1)N(C)CC=1C=CC=CC=1)=C1C=CC(=[N+](C)C)C=C1 ZMJPCIAEJKVKMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- AUNAPVYQLLNFOI-UHFFFAOYSA-L [Pb++].[Pb++].[Pb++].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O.[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O Chemical compound [Pb++].[Pb++].[Pb++].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O.[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O AUNAPVYQLLNFOI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-ONCXSQPRSA-N abietic acid Chemical compound C([C@@H]12)CC(C(C)C)=CC1=CC[C@@H]1[C@]2(C)CCC[C@@]1(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-ONCXSQPRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003282 alkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CEGOLXSVJUTHNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium tristearate Chemical compound [Al+3].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CEGOLXSVJUTHNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940007424 antimony trisulfide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NVWBARWTDVQPJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony(3+);trisulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[S-2].[S-2].[Sb+3].[Sb+3] NVWBARWTDVQPJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001769 aryl amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- IRERQBUNZFJFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-L azure blue Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[S-]S[S-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] IRERQBUNZFJFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940116226 behenic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- XJHABGPPCLHLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzo[de]isoquinoline-1,3-dione Chemical compound C1=CC(C(=O)NC2=O)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 XJHABGPPCLHLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IOJUPLGTWVMSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzothiazole Chemical class C1=CC=C2SC=NC2=C1 IOJUPLGTWVMSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052980 cadmium sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003086 cellulose ether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromate(2-) Chemical class [O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960000956 coumarin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000001671 coumarin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PGWFQHBXMJMAPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ctk4b5078 Chemical class [Cd].OS(=O)(=O)[Se]S(O)(=O)=O PGWFQHBXMJMAPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000986 disperse dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001249 ethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019325 ethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007850 fluorescent dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940090044 injection Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000554 ionomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001034 iron oxide pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Fe+2] VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QDLAGTHXVHQKRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N lichenxanthone Natural products COC1=CC(O)=C2C(=O)C3=C(C)C=C(OC)C=C3OC2=C1 QDLAGTHXVHQKRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004611 light stabiliser Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019359 magnesium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OBQVOBQZMOXRAL-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium;docosanoate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O OBQVOBQZMOXRAL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052976 metal sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NYGZLYXAPMMJTE-UHFFFAOYSA-M metanil yellow Chemical group [Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC(N=NC=2C=CC(NC=3C=CC=CC=3)=CC=2)=C1 NYGZLYXAPMMJTE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- FVDOBFPYBSDRKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid Chemical compound C=12C3=CC=C(C(O)=O)C2=C(C(O)=O)C=CC=1C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C2=C1C3=CC=C2C(=O)O FVDOBFPYBSDRKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002080 perylenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=C2C=CC=C3C4=CC=CC5=CC=CC(C1=C23)=C45)* 0.000 description 1
- CSHWQDPOILHKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N peryrene Natural products C1=CC(C2=CC=CC=3C2=C2C=CC=3)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 CSHWQDPOILHKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006287 phenoxy resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000013034 phenoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical compound N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CLYVDMAATCIVBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N pigment red 224 Chemical compound C=12C3=CC=C(C(OC4=O)=O)C2=C4C=CC=1C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C4=CC=C3C1=C42 CLYVDMAATCIVBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004999 plastisol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001084 poly(chloroprene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001748 polybutylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920006380 polyphenylene oxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940058401 polytetrafluoroethylene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920001291 polyvinyl halide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005033 polyvinylidene chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- DNXIASIHZYFFRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrazoline Chemical compound C1CN=NC1 DNXIASIHZYFFRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003856 quaternary ammonium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102220012182 rs373164247 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102220326128 rs898013388 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920005573 silicon-containing polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- QXKXDIKCIPXUPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenemercury Chemical compound [Hg]=S QXKXDIKCIPXUPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006352 transparent thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000013799 ultramarine blue Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006163 vinyl copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001238 wet grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052984 zinc sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Zn+2] DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
- C08K9/04—Ingredients treated with organic substances
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K3/04—Carbon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/0008—Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
- C08K5/0041—Optical brightening agents, organic pigments
Abstract
Abstract Compositions containing high-molecular, organic material for processing to moulded products, 0.001 to 3.0 % by weight of graphite, relative to the high-molecular, organic material, and one or more pigments or polymer-soluble dyes, are suitable for producing moulded products.
Description
~L237;227 3-14060/=
Mouldable glistening polymers containing graphite It has been found that in the dyeing of plastics with a pigment or dye, homogeneous, evenly glistening and novel shades of colour having excellent fastness proper-ties can be obtained by the addition o~ a specific amount of graphite. The addition of graphite is very economical, toxicologically safe and impairs neither the resi.stance to heat nor the fastness to light and to weather of the composition. Graphite is very readily dispersible in plastics substances and in no way has it a decomposing action on these substances.
The invention relates thus to a composition containing high-molecular organic material for processing to moulded products, 0.001 to 3.0 % by weight, relative to the high-molecuIar organic material, of graphite of a particle diameter of less than 100 microns, and one or more pig-ments or polymer-soluble dyes.
By moulded products are meant in parti.cuIar inject;on-moulded parts, cast components, pressed articles, ribbons, fibres and rolled sheetsO High-molecular organic materials which can be processed into moulded products can be especially thermoplasts, duroplasts or elastomers, such as cellulose ethers, cellulose esters, for example ethyl cellulose, polyamides, polyethers, linear or crosslinked lX~
polyurethanes5 ]inear, crosslinked or lln;t~l-.ated polyesters~ polycarbonates! polyolefins~ s~lch 2S
polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutylene, polyst~rene, poly-p-xylyl~ne, poly-4-methylpentene-1, polysulfones, polycyclamides, polyphenylene oxides, ionomers, phenoxy resins, also polyvinyl halides, such as polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride or -fluoride, polytetrafluoro-ethylene, polyimides, polyacrylonitrile, acrylic polymers, polyacrylates, rubber, silicone polymers, phenol formaldehyde resins, melamine formaldehyde resins, urea formaldehyde resins, epoxy resins, styrene-butadiene rubber, acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber or chloroprene rubber, singly or in mixtures.
The compositions according to the invention preferably contain thermoplastic high-molecular organic material~
particularly polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, poly-propylene, polystyrene, polycarbonate, polyacrylic acid ester, polyamide, linear polyesters, polyethers, linear polyurethane, or copolymers thereof.
When the composition according to the invention contains a polymer-soluble dye, there is used as high-molecular, organic material in particular a transparent thermoplastic, for example polystyrene, polymethyl-methacrylate or polycarbonate.
Graphites sultable for the composition according to the invention are both natural and synthetic graphites.
In the case of natural graphites, the percentage of carbon can vary greatly. Preferred natural graphites however are those of which the carbon content is at least 70%. The impurities present in natural graphite, such as silicic acid, alumina or iron oxides, can be tolerated only to the extent that they do not unfavourably affect _ 3 _ ~237'~7 the stability of the substrate to be dyed or the fastness properties of the other pigment or dye present. Graphites which are preferred are as a rule those having a high carbon content, particularly one of at least 99 ~. Synthetic graphites are therefore as a rule preferred.
With regard to the nature of the particles of the graphite, a graphite which is in flake- or lamella-form with a diameter of up to 20 ~m and a thickness of up to 4 pm is especially preferably used.
The optimum optical effects can be determined by varia-tion of the amount of graphite within the given range. An amount of 0.01 to 1.0 % by weight of graphite, relative to the high-molecular, organic material in the composition according to the invention, is preferably used. The amount which suffices particularly in the case of graphite particles having a diameter of less than 5 ~m is as a rule less than 0.5 % by weight.
Suitable pigments which can be used besides the graphite are transparent or opaque inorganic and/or organic com-pounds. Examples of inorganic pigments are: metal oxides, such as titanium oxide, iron oxide, antimony yellow, lead chromates, molybdenum red, ultramarine blue, cobalt blue, manganese blue, chromium oxide green, hydrated chromium oxide green, cobalt green, also metal sulfides, such as cadmium sulfide, zinc sulfide, arsenic disulfide, mercury sulfide, antimony trisulfide, cadmium sulfoselenides and metal powders, such as zinc or aluminium powder.
Examples of organic pigments are: azo, azomethine, methine, anthraquinone, phthalocyanine, perinone, perylene, dioxazine, thioindigo, iminoisoindoline, iminoisoindolinone, 37~Z7 quinacridone or quinophthalone pigments; also metal com?lexes, for example azo, a~ometh;l~e or methine dyes Suitable polymer-soluble dyes are for example in particular. disperse dyes, preferably those of the anthraquinone series, for example hydroxy-, amino-, alkylamino-, cyclohexylamino-~ arylamino-, hydroxyamino-or phenylmercaptoanthraquinones; and also metal complexes of azo dyes, especially 1:2-chromium or -cobalt complexes of monoazo dyes; also fluorescent dyes, such as those of the coumarin, naphthalimide, pyrazoline, acridine, xanthene, thioxanthene, oxazine, thiazine or benzothiazole series.
The compositions according to the invention preferably contain, besides the graphite, one or more organic pigments or one or more dyes, especially however just one organic pigment or just one dye~ Particularly preferably, the compositions accordin~ to the invention contain, in addition to the graphite, an organic pigment, especially a transparent organic pigment.
In the composition according to the invention, the pigments or dyes present, besides the graphite, are preferably in amounts of 0.001 to 10 % by weight, in particular 0.01 to 3 % by weight, relative to the amount of high-molecular organic material.
Graphite in the preferred condition with respect to the particles can be obtained in the known manner, starting with coarse-crystalline graphite, for example by grinding in air-jet, sand or ball mills. The graphite is comminuted however preferably under such conditions in which the anisotropic properties of the graphite come into play with respect to the cleaveability of the layers. There are thus obtained well defined flat, lamella- or flake-like graphite particles, for example by wet-grinding coarse-~ 7 crystalline graphite ln a gri~din~ de~ice con~aAn,.~g,as grind ng elements, me~al, gla-;s or porc~-lair b~L 15, pl~stic9 gr~n.ul~s o~ s~nd ~r2in.s. Th~s~ grindlng elements are set into motion for example by rotation of the vessel, by an oscillation generator or by a stirrer.
It can be of advantage to ~reat the pigment, dye and/or graphite with a texture preservative before they are used for the composition according to the invention. A
graphite which has been treated with a texture preserv-ative, for example before, during or after comminution, is preferred. Relative to the employed amount of graphite, the amount o~ texture preservative pre~erably used is 0.02 to 25 % by weight.
S~itable texture preservatives are for example fatty acids having at least 12 C atoms, such as stearic acid or behenic acid, or amides, salts or esters thereof, such as magnesium stearate, zinc stearate, aluminium stearate or magnesium behenate, also quaternary ammonium compounds, such as tri-(Cl-C4)-alkylbenzylammonium salts, also plasticisers, such as epoxidised soyabean oil, wa~es, such as polyethylene wax, resinic acids, such as abietic acid, rosin soap, hydrogenated or dimerised colophonium, C12-C18-paraffin disulfonic acids, alkylphenols, alcohols, diols or polyols having at least 8 C atoms.
The composition according to the invention contains preferably a graphite treated with stearic acid, stearyl-amine, hydrogenated abietic acid, epoxidised soyabean oil or a 1,2-diol, especially with octanediol-(1,2) or dodecanediol-(1,2).
The compositions according to the invention can be produced by known methods. Graphite and pigment or dye can be added individually, or premixed as toners or as 1~ 3 ~
sollltlor or di-p~rs-,on; ~r i~ th~ ror~ of pl-~?rrr.ltions, to the high~!olecul.ar org~n c maLe-rial There can al~o be added, depending on the purpose of application ~f th~
composition according to the invention, further substances, for example light stabilisers, heat stabilisers, plasticisers, binders or fillers.
A uniform gleaming lustre, as is characteristic for silk fabries, is obtained using the finely crystalline flake- or lamellar-like graphite particles in the composition according to the invention. The silky lustre is particularly distinct when the composition according to the invention is irradiated by direct light from an artificial source or by sunlight. By virtue of their strongly marked diffused seattered-light component, the lustre effeets obtained aeeording to the invention ean be elearly distinguished from those achieved in any other manner. The lustre effects can be measured for example with a goniophotometer.
The use o~ graphite for the composition according to the invention is economical. The resistance of graphite itself, and likewise of the eomposition aeeording to the invention, to heat, light and weather is excellent;
furthermore, graphite ean be very readily incorporated into the earrier material. In the extrusion operation, for example, there is negligible wear of the apparatus and very little braking effeet. In plastieiser pastes and plastisols, the graphite, as a result of its ideal density, does not settle out even after prolonged standing, and, above all, level dyeings are obtained.
The eompositions aeeording to the invention are suitable for produeing moulded produets, for example injeetion-mou]ded, rolled or extruded plasties artieles, for example in the household goods, building~ motor-ear ~ 237~
and aviatiorl industries.
~ J'nere not othPrwlse stared in the following E amples, the term 'part~' ue~ s ~LtS by ~ei~nt.
Example 1:
a) In a glass-bead mill having a capacity of 500 parts by volume, 13.5 parts of synthetic LONZA graphite T-44 ~ having a mean particle size of less than 44 ~m, and 1.5 parts of octanediol-(1,2) are stirred into 125 parts of wa~er. To the suspension are added 400 parts by volume of glass balls each having a diameter of 3.5 - 4.0 mm, and the mixture is ground for 9 hours, without external cooling, at a stirring rate of 320 r.p.m.
The graphite suspension is separated from the gla~s balls, which are subsequently washed to some extent, and then filtered off. The press cake is washed with water and dried at 70-80C in a vacuum drying chamber. There are thus obtained 14.0 parts of a grey graphi~e containing octanediol-(1,2) as texture preservative, which graphite, after being comminuted, can be readily incorporated, by virtue of its fully satisfactory dispersibility, into plastics mixtures. Raster electron microscopic photographs of the graphite powder treated in the described manner show particles having a marked flake-like to lamellar appearance.
b) 63.0 parts of polyvinyl chloride LONZAVYL E 722 ~
(LONZA AG), 3.0 parts of REOPLAST 39 ~ (CIBA-GEIGY AG), 1.5 parts of IRAGASTAB BC-26 ~ , 0.5 part of IRGASTAB
CH-300 (both CIBA-GEIGY AG), 32.0 parts of dioctyl-phthalate, 0.25 part of the graphite treated according to Example Ia) and 0.25 part of C.I.Pigment BLAU (blue) 15:3, No. 74160 are well mixed together by hand with a stirring rod in a beaker. The mixture is then rolled out on a 12;3~2~
two rcller laboratory mixing rolls for 8 minutes l;y continual removal~ reve sal and feeding-in again. at m p ~ r ~ t l 1 r ~ f~ f ~ C - ;~ r r- t ,~ r ~ C F e ~ '7 5 r O p . ~ .
and a friction of 1:1.2, into the form of a soft PVC
sheet having a thickness of about 0.4 mm. The soft PYC
sheet thùs obtained displays a deeply coloured, uniformly silky-lustrous blue dyeing having excellent fastness to heat, light and migration.
c) Measurement of the lustre effect with a goniophotometer TYP GP2 (ZEISS):
ang1e of illumination: 60 illumination aperture: 1 scale sensitivity: 0.25 ~
measuring error: + 0.3 ~A
sheet thickness: 0.4 mm, measurement of the glossy surface in the longitudinal direction.
Measured result_ . , .
Measuring Measuring Sheet according to angle aperture Example lb ~A]
63 2 7.2 64 2 4.4 65 2 3.1 _ . .. ~
Example 2 a) By proceeding in a manner analogous to that described in Example lb but using C.I. Pigment Rot (red) 221 instead of C.I. Pigment Blau 15:3, No. 74160, there is obtained a deeply coloured, full, evenly silky-lustrous, reddish-violet sheet having equally good properties.
Z;i~
b) When t'ne ~ustre effects are measu:rel as descr bed in Example 1C9 ~.h2 following values are 0'0~2ined:
Measuring Measuring Sheet according to angle aperture Example 2a [uA~
63 2 6.8 64 2 4.5 65 2c 3.1 .__ Example 3 When the procedure is carried out in a manner analogous to that described in lb, except that C.I. Pigment Gelb 128 (yellow) is used in place of C.I. Pigment Blau 15:3, there is obtained an opaque, evenly silky-lustrous, green-dyed sheet having very good fastness to heat, light and weather.
b) When the lustre effects are measured in the manner described in Example lc, the following results are obtained:
Measuring Measuring Sheet according to angle aperture Example 3a [~A]
63 2 7.8 64 2 5.4 65 2 4.2 Example 4: By carrying out the procedure in a manner analogous to that described in Example lh but using the isoindolinone pigment C.I. Pigment Gelb llO (yellow) in place of C.I. Pigment Blau 15:3, there is obtained a soft PVC sheet displaying a greenish, evenly silky-lustrous dark dyeing having excellent fastness to light, heat, weather and migration.
7~2~
Example ~
a~ If thC pr-cedu~P is cafrie~ out in a manner analogous to that described in Example la except that 0~5 part of stearic acid is used instead of 1.5 parts of octanediol-(1,2), there are obtained 13 parts of a treated LONZA
graphite having similarly good properties.
b) When the procedure used i.s similar to that described in Example lb with the exception that the dioxazine pigment C.I. Pigment Violett 37 (violet) is employed in place of C.I. Pigment Blau 15:3, and graphite treated according to Example 5a is used instead of that treated according to Example la, a soft PVC sheet having an evenly silky-lustrous, violet shade is obtained.
Example 6: By proceeding in a manner analogous to that described in Example 5b but using .~he ~-Cu-phthalo- .
cyanine pigment C.I. Pigment Blau 15 (blue) in place of C.I. Pigment Blau 15:3, there is obtained an evenly silky-lustrous, blue dyeing having excellent fastness to heat, light and migration.
Example 7: When the procedure is carried out in a manner analogous to that described i.n Example 5b except that chlorinated Cu-phthalocyanine pigment C.I. Pigment Grun 7 (green) is used instead of C.I. Pigment Blau 15:3, there is obtained a soft PVC sheet displaying a level, deeply-coloured, silky-lustrous, dark-green shade. The fastness of this dyeing to heat, light and migration is excellent.
Example 8: By carrying out the procedure in a manner analogous to that described in Example 5b but using 0.5 part of the opaque inorganic pigment Cadmopur Gelb GS ~ (BAYER) (yellow) in place of 0.25 part of C.I. Pigment Blau 15:3, there is obtained a soft PVC sheet displaying 1~3~27 an evenly silky-lustrous, dark-green dyeing of high saturation.
Example 9 a) By proceeding in a manner analogous to that described in Example la but using finely divided, hydrogenated abietic acid instead of octanediol-(1,2), a treated LONZA graphite having similarly good properties is obtained.
b) When the procedure is carried out in a manner analogous to that described in Example lb except that 1.0 part of the yellow diazo-condensation pigment C.I. Pigment Gelb 94 (yellow) is used instead of 0.25 part of the C.I. Pigment Blau 15:3, and LONZA graphite treated according to Example 9a instead of that according to Example la, there is obtained a soft PVC sheet displaying a green, level, silky-lustrous, deeply-coloured dyeing having excellent fastness to heat, light and migration.
Example 10: By proceeding in a manner analogous to that described in Example 9b but using 0.1 part instead of 0.25 part o-f the treated LONZA graphite, and 0.1 part of the anthraquinoid pigment C.I. Pigment Rot 177 (red) in place of 0.25 part of the C.I. Pigment Blau 15:3, there is obtained a deeply-coloured, evenly silky-lustrous, reddish-violet soft PVC sheet having excellent fastness to heat, light and migration.
Example 11: When the procedure is carried out in a manner analogous to that described in Example 9b except that 0.5 part instead of 0.25 part of the treated LONZA
graphite is used, and 1.0 part of the anthraquinoid pigment C.I. Pigment Rot 177 (red) in place of 0.25 part of the C.I. Pigment Blau 15:3, a soft PVC sheet displaying a silky-lustrous, deeply-coloured violet shade is obtained.
~37~
Example 12: By proc~edlng in a mann~r anllog5us to t'r:;lt described in Example 9b but using &.1 pa~t instead of n ~ p~rt ~ P tt-P~t~. L~ZA O~Fh~ d ~-~5 ?~r~
of the indigoid pigment C.I. Pigment Rot 88 (red) in place of 0.25 part of the C.I. Pigment Blau 15:3, a soft PVC sheet displaying an evenly silky-lustrous, violet shade is obtained.
Example 13- If the procedure carried out is analogous to .
that described in Example 9b except that 0.2 part instead of 0.25 part of the treated LONZA graphite is used, and 0.2 part of the red perylenetetracarboxylic acid dlimide pigment C.I. Pigment Rot 149 (red) in place of 0.25 part of the C.I. Pigment Blau 15:3, there is obtained an evenly silky-lustrous, brownish-red soft PVC sheet having excellent fastness to heat, light and migration.
Example 14: A mixture of 92.0 parts of vinyl resin Vinnol H65D ~ (Wacker, Munich) 8.0 parts of vinyl copolymer Vestolit HIS 7587 ~ (HUELS) 1.5 parts of a plasticiser Reoplast 39 ~ (CIBA-GEIGY AG) 1.4 parts of the-stabiliser IRGASTAB BC-10 ~ "
1.4 parts of the stabiliser IRGASTAB BC-29 ~ "
0.7 part of the auxiliary stabiliser IRGASTAB CH-300 ~ "
0.4 part of the lubricant IRGAWAX 370 ~ "
0.2 part of the lubricant IRGAWAX 360 ~
~2~7~
. ., ~ L ~ -0.25 part of the ligh. s,ah~ er ~ ~IN 320 ~ ~CiB~-GELG~ AG) is produced ~n a ~lUld mixer (~apenmeier K.G., Detmold) by stirring up for about 5 minutes at a speed of 1400 revs/minute.
1.5 partsof the hard PVC mixture thus produced, 0.05 part of a readily dispersible perylenetetracarboxylic acid-dianhydride pigment and 0.025 part of the LONZA
graphite treated according to Example 9a are mixed in a Henschel mixer (Henschelwerke G.M.B.H., Kassel) at a speed of about 2000 r.p.m. for abou~ 3 minutes at room temperature. The hard PVG mixture pigmented in this manner is rolled on mixing rolls at 190C for 6 minutes at 25 r.p.m. and a friction of 1:1.2, and then pressed at 190C for 6 minutes between chromium-plated steel sheets on a Burkle press to a thickness of about 1 mm. There is thus obtained an evenly silky-lustrous, brownish-red-dyed moulded product having excellent fastness to ligh~
and to weather.
Example 15 a) When the procedure is carried out in a manner analogous to that described in Example 5a except that stearylamine is used instead of stearic acid, a treated LONZA graphite having similarly good properties is obtained.
b) By carrying out the procedure in a manner analogous to that described in Example lb but using 0.2 part of LONZA graphite treated according to Example 15a instead of 0.25 part of that treated according to Example la, and the inorganic pigment Moly Orange AA3 ~ (CIBA-GEIGY AG) in place of 0.25 part of the C.I. Pigment Blau 15:3~
a soft PVC sheet displaying an evenly sllky-lustrous, brownish-red dyeing is obtained.
~37~7 Example l6: ~y ca-rry-irlg Cllt the procedure in a manner analo~ous to tr!a. ~e.scrl.bed in Example l~b but using 0.2 part instead of 0.25 part of the treated LON7~
graphite, and 1.0 part of the inorganic iron oxide pigment Bayferrox 3910 ~ (BAYER~ in place of 0.25 part of the C.I. Pigment Blau 15:3, a silky-lustrous, greyish-green soft PVC sheet is obtained.
Example 17: If the procedure is carried out in a manner analogous to that described in Example 15b except that 0.2 part ins tead of 0.25 part of the treated LONZA
graphite is used, and 0.5 part of the orange perinone pigment C.I. Pigment Orange 43 in place of 0.25 part of C.I. Pigment Blau 15:3, there is obtained an evenly silky-lustrous~ brown-dyed soft PVC sheet having excellent fastness to heat, light and migration.
Example 18: By proceeding in a manner analogous to that described in Example 15b but using 0.2 part instead of 0.25 part of the treated graphite, and 0.5 part of ~-quinacridone pigment C.I. Pigment Violett 19 in place of 0.25 part of the C.I. Pigment Blau 15:3, there is obtained a soft PVC sheet displaying an evenly silky-lustrous, violet shade having excellent ~astness properties.
Example 19: When the procedure carried out is analogous to that described in Example 18 with the exception that the dichloroquinacridone pigment C.I. Pigment Rot 209 (red) is used instead of C.I. Pigment Violett 19, the result is a soft PVC sheet displaying an evenly silky-lustrous, violet shade having excellent fastness properties.
Example 20: ~y carrying out the procedure in a manner analogous to that described in Example 18 bu~ using the disazo-condensation pigment C.I. Pigment Rot 166 (red) ~L~3~7~X7 instead of C. T . Pigment Violett 19~ a sort PVC .sl!ee~
displaying an evenly silky-lusLLGus, opaq.le, iJrow dye;ng ;s obt-a; n~d Example 21: By proceeding in a manner analogous to that described in Example 70 but using loO part instead of 0.5 part of C.I. Pigment Rot 166, there is obtained an evenly silky-lustrous, brownish-red dyeing having excellent fastness properties.
Example 22: When the procedure is carrled out in a manner analogous to that described in Example 21 except that the yellow quinophthalone pigment C.I. Pigment Gelb 138 (yellow) is used in place of C.I. Pigment Rot 166, there is obtained a soft PVC sheet displaying an evenly silky-lustrous, very opaque, green dyeing having excellent ~astness properties.
Example 23: By proceeding in a manner analogous to that described in Example 21 but using the red 2B toner C.I. Pigment Rot 48:4, No. 15865:4 instead of C.I. Pigment Rot 166, a soft PVC sheet having a dark-red, silky-lustrous, strongly opaque shade is obtained.
Example 24: If the procedure is carried out in a manner analogous to that described in Example 21 except that the yellow diarylide pigment C.I. Pigment Gelb 13, No. 21100 is used in place of C.I. Pigment Rot 166, a soft PVC sheet displaying a silky-lustrous, strongly opaque, green dyeing is obtained.
Example 25: ~y proceeding in a manner analogous to that described in Example 3 but using 100% LONZA graphite of the type KS 2.5~instead of the treated LONZA graphite containing octane-diol-(1,2), a soft PVC sheet dyeing in a greenish shade and having similar properties is obtained.
7;~2'7 1, Exclm~le 26. When ~-he procedure is carrie-i ouc in a ~arln~l-analogol,s to tha~ desefi~ed in E~ample 25 exeep~ tha~
(~ 5 r~r~ ~f T ~7A ~r~h~re ~ Rj ~ ~sQ; ~rct~d ~f 0.25 part of LONZA graphite KS 2.5(~ , a soft PVC sheet dyed in a greenish shade and having similar properties is obtained.
Example 27: By carrying out the procedure in a manner analogous to that described in Example 26 but using the natural graphite 'Silberpudergraphit'GHL 1701 ~ (Georg H. Luh) in place of ~he LONZA graphite T-10 ~ , a soft PVC sheet dyed in a greenish shade and having similar properties is obtained.
Example 28 a) When the procedure is carried out in a manner analogous to that described in Example la except that 0.9 part of REOPLAST 39 ~ (CIBA-GEIGY AG) is used instead of 1.5 parts of octanediol-(1,2), a treated LONZA graphite having similarly good properties is obtained.
b) A mixture of 0.5 part of the LONZA graphite treated according to Example 28a, 0.5 part of the isoindolinone pigment C.I. Pigment Gelb 110 (yellow), 1.0 part of the antioxidant IRGANOX 1010 ~ (CIBA-GEIGY AG) and 1000 parts of the polyethylene-HD granulate VESTOLEN A6016 ~ (Huls) is premixed for 15 minutes in a glass bottle on a rolling device. The mixture is subsequently extruded in two passes on a single-shaft extruder; the resulting granulate is injec-tion moulded at 220C on an injection-moulding machine (Allround Aarburg 200) into the form of plates, and these are afterwards pressed at 180C for 5 minutes. The pressed plates display a silky-lustrous, dark-green dyeing having excellent fastness properties.
~37~2~
l7 k~aml31e 29: ~Jhen the prc" edure is carried cut in a ~,anner -Ir,~ L~-~O~lls ~ o 1 h~ r~ d ln F;~2mplP ~ Y~ t tla~
the anthraquinoid pigmelt C.I~ Pigment Rot 177 is used instead of C.I. Pigment Gelb 110, pressed plates having a silky-lustrous, violet shade and equally good fastness properties are obtained.
Example 30: By carrying out the procedure in a manner analogous to that described in Example 28b but using 1000 parts of polystyrene granulate, Polystyrol 165 H
(BASF) instead of 1000 parts of VESTOLEN A6016 ~, and 0.25 part in place of 0 5 part of graphite, and copper phthalocyanine-tetrasulfonic acid-(3-methoxypropyl)-amide instead of C.I. Pigment Gelb 110, there are obtained moulded products displaying a silky-lustrous, dark-blue shade and having excellent fastness properties.
Example 31: A mixture of 0.25 part of the LONZA graphite treated according to Example 28a, 0.5 part of copper phthalocyanine-tetrasulfonic acid-(3-methoxypropyl)-amide, 1.0 part of the antioxidant IRGANOX 1010 ~ (CIBA-GEIGY AG) and 1000 parts of polycarbonate MACROLON 3000W ~ (BAYER) is preliminarily mixed for lS minutes in a glass bottle on a rolling device. The mixture is afterwards extruded in one pass on a single-shaft extruder, and then granulated.
The granulate thus obtained is injection-moulded, on an injection-moulding machine at 290C with a holding time of 5 minutes, into the form of moulded plates 1.5 mm thick.
The pressed plates display a silky-lustrous blue shade having excellent fastness properties.
Example 32: When the isoindolinone pigment C.I. Pigment Gelb 110 is used in place of copper phthalocyanine-tetrasulfonic acid-(3-methoxypropyl)-amide, the procedure otherwise being as described in Example 31, there are 1~7 - ~8 -obtained pressed plates having a silky~lustrous, dark ~reen shade and excellent fastness prcperties.
Example 33: When the anthraquinoid Pigment C.I. Pigment Red 177 is used instead of copper phthalocyanine-tetrasulfonic acid-(3-methoxypropyl)-amide, and 0.5 part in place of 0.25 part of graphite, the procedure being otherwise as described in Example 31, there are obtained moulded products displaying a silky-lustrous, brownish-black shade and having excellent fastness properties.
Example 34: By using polyamide granulate VESTAMID ~
(~ls~ in place of MACROLON 3000W ~ , the process otherwise being carried out in the manner described in Example 31, dyed polyamide moulded products having simi1arly good properties are obtained.
Example 35: When polypropylene granulate MOPLEN S50G
(Montedison) is used in place of VESTOLEN A6016 ~ , the procedure otherwise being as described in Example 28b, dyed polypropylene moulded products having similarly good properties are obtained.
Example 36: A mixture of 0.25 parts of the LONZA graphite treated according to Example 28a, 0.5 part of C.I. Solvent Orange 60, 1.0 part of the antioxidant IRGANOX 1010 and 1000 parts of polycarbonate granulate MACRO~ON 3000W
(BAYER) is premixed for 15 minutes in a glass bottle on a rolling device. The mixture is then extruded in one pass on a single-shaft extruder and granulated. The dyed granulate obtained is subsequently injection-moulded on an injection-moulding machine, with a holding time at 290C of 5 minutes, into the form of moulded plates 1.5 mm thick. The plates display a silky-lustrous brown shade having excellen~ fastness properties.
~ ~ 7~Z 7 Fxample 37: When the quinophthalone dye C I ~isrlersions-~eLb 54 is used instea~ of C.I. Solvent O^ar.6-e 6c^ le procedure being otherwise carri~d ~llt ; n th~ m~nn~
described in Example 36, moulded plates displaying a green, silky-lustrous shade having good fastness properties are obtained.
Example 38: By using the anthraquinoid dye C.I. ~ispersions Violett 31 in place of C.I. Solvent Orange 60~ and carrying out the procedure otherwise in the manner described in Example 36, there are obtained moulded plates displaying a dark-violet, silky-lustrous shade having excellent fastness properties.
Example 39: When the fluorescent thioxanthene dye C.I. Solvent Orange 63 is used instead of C.I. Solvent Orange 60, and only 0.05 part instead of 0.25 part of graphite, the procedure otherwise being as described in Example 36, moulded plates displaying a brilliant, silky-lustrous, orange shade are obtained.
Example 40: By using the fluorescent coumarin dye C.I. Solvent Gelb 160 (yellow) in place of C.I. Solvent Orange 63, and carrying out the procedure otherwise in the manner described in Example 39 7 moulded products displaying a brilliant, greenish, silky-lustrous shade are obtained.
Example 41: When 0.03 part of the fluorescent thioindigo dye is used in place of 0.05 part of C.I. Solvent Orange 63, the procedure otherwise being carried out in the manner described in Example 39~ moulded products displaying a brilliant violet, silky-lustrous shade are obtained.
- 21J ~3~27 Example 42: ~hen 100~/~ LO,NZ~t gA~phl' te o:F the t`'pP 71~ 2 5 i~ used Ln pl ace of tl!e EON~A g.~apillit-e tr:eate:l ac~rdlng tn ~,x~mr1 e 92, th,e proceAure oth~wise he' r.g czrr ed out in the manner described in Example 12, a violet sheet having similar properties is obtained.
Example 43: When 100% LONZA graphite of the type KS 2.5 is used instead of the LONZA graphite treated according to Example 15a, the procedure otherwise being carried out in the manner described in Example 18, a sheet dyed in a violet shade and having similar properties is obtained.
Example 44: By using 100% LONZA graphite of the type KS 2.5 instead of the LONZA graphite..treated according to Example lSa, the procedure otherwise being carried out in the manner described in Example 24, a sheet dyed in a greenish shade and having similar properties is obtained.
Mouldable glistening polymers containing graphite It has been found that in the dyeing of plastics with a pigment or dye, homogeneous, evenly glistening and novel shades of colour having excellent fastness proper-ties can be obtained by the addition o~ a specific amount of graphite. The addition of graphite is very economical, toxicologically safe and impairs neither the resi.stance to heat nor the fastness to light and to weather of the composition. Graphite is very readily dispersible in plastics substances and in no way has it a decomposing action on these substances.
The invention relates thus to a composition containing high-molecular organic material for processing to moulded products, 0.001 to 3.0 % by weight, relative to the high-molecuIar organic material, of graphite of a particle diameter of less than 100 microns, and one or more pig-ments or polymer-soluble dyes.
By moulded products are meant in parti.cuIar inject;on-moulded parts, cast components, pressed articles, ribbons, fibres and rolled sheetsO High-molecular organic materials which can be processed into moulded products can be especially thermoplasts, duroplasts or elastomers, such as cellulose ethers, cellulose esters, for example ethyl cellulose, polyamides, polyethers, linear or crosslinked lX~
polyurethanes5 ]inear, crosslinked or lln;t~l-.ated polyesters~ polycarbonates! polyolefins~ s~lch 2S
polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutylene, polyst~rene, poly-p-xylyl~ne, poly-4-methylpentene-1, polysulfones, polycyclamides, polyphenylene oxides, ionomers, phenoxy resins, also polyvinyl halides, such as polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride or -fluoride, polytetrafluoro-ethylene, polyimides, polyacrylonitrile, acrylic polymers, polyacrylates, rubber, silicone polymers, phenol formaldehyde resins, melamine formaldehyde resins, urea formaldehyde resins, epoxy resins, styrene-butadiene rubber, acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber or chloroprene rubber, singly or in mixtures.
The compositions according to the invention preferably contain thermoplastic high-molecular organic material~
particularly polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, poly-propylene, polystyrene, polycarbonate, polyacrylic acid ester, polyamide, linear polyesters, polyethers, linear polyurethane, or copolymers thereof.
When the composition according to the invention contains a polymer-soluble dye, there is used as high-molecular, organic material in particular a transparent thermoplastic, for example polystyrene, polymethyl-methacrylate or polycarbonate.
Graphites sultable for the composition according to the invention are both natural and synthetic graphites.
In the case of natural graphites, the percentage of carbon can vary greatly. Preferred natural graphites however are those of which the carbon content is at least 70%. The impurities present in natural graphite, such as silicic acid, alumina or iron oxides, can be tolerated only to the extent that they do not unfavourably affect _ 3 _ ~237'~7 the stability of the substrate to be dyed or the fastness properties of the other pigment or dye present. Graphites which are preferred are as a rule those having a high carbon content, particularly one of at least 99 ~. Synthetic graphites are therefore as a rule preferred.
With regard to the nature of the particles of the graphite, a graphite which is in flake- or lamella-form with a diameter of up to 20 ~m and a thickness of up to 4 pm is especially preferably used.
The optimum optical effects can be determined by varia-tion of the amount of graphite within the given range. An amount of 0.01 to 1.0 % by weight of graphite, relative to the high-molecular, organic material in the composition according to the invention, is preferably used. The amount which suffices particularly in the case of graphite particles having a diameter of less than 5 ~m is as a rule less than 0.5 % by weight.
Suitable pigments which can be used besides the graphite are transparent or opaque inorganic and/or organic com-pounds. Examples of inorganic pigments are: metal oxides, such as titanium oxide, iron oxide, antimony yellow, lead chromates, molybdenum red, ultramarine blue, cobalt blue, manganese blue, chromium oxide green, hydrated chromium oxide green, cobalt green, also metal sulfides, such as cadmium sulfide, zinc sulfide, arsenic disulfide, mercury sulfide, antimony trisulfide, cadmium sulfoselenides and metal powders, such as zinc or aluminium powder.
Examples of organic pigments are: azo, azomethine, methine, anthraquinone, phthalocyanine, perinone, perylene, dioxazine, thioindigo, iminoisoindoline, iminoisoindolinone, 37~Z7 quinacridone or quinophthalone pigments; also metal com?lexes, for example azo, a~ometh;l~e or methine dyes Suitable polymer-soluble dyes are for example in particular. disperse dyes, preferably those of the anthraquinone series, for example hydroxy-, amino-, alkylamino-, cyclohexylamino-~ arylamino-, hydroxyamino-or phenylmercaptoanthraquinones; and also metal complexes of azo dyes, especially 1:2-chromium or -cobalt complexes of monoazo dyes; also fluorescent dyes, such as those of the coumarin, naphthalimide, pyrazoline, acridine, xanthene, thioxanthene, oxazine, thiazine or benzothiazole series.
The compositions according to the invention preferably contain, besides the graphite, one or more organic pigments or one or more dyes, especially however just one organic pigment or just one dye~ Particularly preferably, the compositions accordin~ to the invention contain, in addition to the graphite, an organic pigment, especially a transparent organic pigment.
In the composition according to the invention, the pigments or dyes present, besides the graphite, are preferably in amounts of 0.001 to 10 % by weight, in particular 0.01 to 3 % by weight, relative to the amount of high-molecular organic material.
Graphite in the preferred condition with respect to the particles can be obtained in the known manner, starting with coarse-crystalline graphite, for example by grinding in air-jet, sand or ball mills. The graphite is comminuted however preferably under such conditions in which the anisotropic properties of the graphite come into play with respect to the cleaveability of the layers. There are thus obtained well defined flat, lamella- or flake-like graphite particles, for example by wet-grinding coarse-~ 7 crystalline graphite ln a gri~din~ de~ice con~aAn,.~g,as grind ng elements, me~al, gla-;s or porc~-lair b~L 15, pl~stic9 gr~n.ul~s o~ s~nd ~r2in.s. Th~s~ grindlng elements are set into motion for example by rotation of the vessel, by an oscillation generator or by a stirrer.
It can be of advantage to ~reat the pigment, dye and/or graphite with a texture preservative before they are used for the composition according to the invention. A
graphite which has been treated with a texture preserv-ative, for example before, during or after comminution, is preferred. Relative to the employed amount of graphite, the amount o~ texture preservative pre~erably used is 0.02 to 25 % by weight.
S~itable texture preservatives are for example fatty acids having at least 12 C atoms, such as stearic acid or behenic acid, or amides, salts or esters thereof, such as magnesium stearate, zinc stearate, aluminium stearate or magnesium behenate, also quaternary ammonium compounds, such as tri-(Cl-C4)-alkylbenzylammonium salts, also plasticisers, such as epoxidised soyabean oil, wa~es, such as polyethylene wax, resinic acids, such as abietic acid, rosin soap, hydrogenated or dimerised colophonium, C12-C18-paraffin disulfonic acids, alkylphenols, alcohols, diols or polyols having at least 8 C atoms.
The composition according to the invention contains preferably a graphite treated with stearic acid, stearyl-amine, hydrogenated abietic acid, epoxidised soyabean oil or a 1,2-diol, especially with octanediol-(1,2) or dodecanediol-(1,2).
The compositions according to the invention can be produced by known methods. Graphite and pigment or dye can be added individually, or premixed as toners or as 1~ 3 ~
sollltlor or di-p~rs-,on; ~r i~ th~ ror~ of pl-~?rrr.ltions, to the high~!olecul.ar org~n c maLe-rial There can al~o be added, depending on the purpose of application ~f th~
composition according to the invention, further substances, for example light stabilisers, heat stabilisers, plasticisers, binders or fillers.
A uniform gleaming lustre, as is characteristic for silk fabries, is obtained using the finely crystalline flake- or lamellar-like graphite particles in the composition according to the invention. The silky lustre is particularly distinct when the composition according to the invention is irradiated by direct light from an artificial source or by sunlight. By virtue of their strongly marked diffused seattered-light component, the lustre effeets obtained aeeording to the invention ean be elearly distinguished from those achieved in any other manner. The lustre effects can be measured for example with a goniophotometer.
The use o~ graphite for the composition according to the invention is economical. The resistance of graphite itself, and likewise of the eomposition aeeording to the invention, to heat, light and weather is excellent;
furthermore, graphite ean be very readily incorporated into the earrier material. In the extrusion operation, for example, there is negligible wear of the apparatus and very little braking effeet. In plastieiser pastes and plastisols, the graphite, as a result of its ideal density, does not settle out even after prolonged standing, and, above all, level dyeings are obtained.
The eompositions aeeording to the invention are suitable for produeing moulded produets, for example injeetion-mou]ded, rolled or extruded plasties artieles, for example in the household goods, building~ motor-ear ~ 237~
and aviatiorl industries.
~ J'nere not othPrwlse stared in the following E amples, the term 'part~' ue~ s ~LtS by ~ei~nt.
Example 1:
a) In a glass-bead mill having a capacity of 500 parts by volume, 13.5 parts of synthetic LONZA graphite T-44 ~ having a mean particle size of less than 44 ~m, and 1.5 parts of octanediol-(1,2) are stirred into 125 parts of wa~er. To the suspension are added 400 parts by volume of glass balls each having a diameter of 3.5 - 4.0 mm, and the mixture is ground for 9 hours, without external cooling, at a stirring rate of 320 r.p.m.
The graphite suspension is separated from the gla~s balls, which are subsequently washed to some extent, and then filtered off. The press cake is washed with water and dried at 70-80C in a vacuum drying chamber. There are thus obtained 14.0 parts of a grey graphi~e containing octanediol-(1,2) as texture preservative, which graphite, after being comminuted, can be readily incorporated, by virtue of its fully satisfactory dispersibility, into plastics mixtures. Raster electron microscopic photographs of the graphite powder treated in the described manner show particles having a marked flake-like to lamellar appearance.
b) 63.0 parts of polyvinyl chloride LONZAVYL E 722 ~
(LONZA AG), 3.0 parts of REOPLAST 39 ~ (CIBA-GEIGY AG), 1.5 parts of IRAGASTAB BC-26 ~ , 0.5 part of IRGASTAB
CH-300 (both CIBA-GEIGY AG), 32.0 parts of dioctyl-phthalate, 0.25 part of the graphite treated according to Example Ia) and 0.25 part of C.I.Pigment BLAU (blue) 15:3, No. 74160 are well mixed together by hand with a stirring rod in a beaker. The mixture is then rolled out on a 12;3~2~
two rcller laboratory mixing rolls for 8 minutes l;y continual removal~ reve sal and feeding-in again. at m p ~ r ~ t l 1 r ~ f~ f ~ C - ;~ r r- t ,~ r ~ C F e ~ '7 5 r O p . ~ .
and a friction of 1:1.2, into the form of a soft PVC
sheet having a thickness of about 0.4 mm. The soft PYC
sheet thùs obtained displays a deeply coloured, uniformly silky-lustrous blue dyeing having excellent fastness to heat, light and migration.
c) Measurement of the lustre effect with a goniophotometer TYP GP2 (ZEISS):
ang1e of illumination: 60 illumination aperture: 1 scale sensitivity: 0.25 ~
measuring error: + 0.3 ~A
sheet thickness: 0.4 mm, measurement of the glossy surface in the longitudinal direction.
Measured result_ . , .
Measuring Measuring Sheet according to angle aperture Example lb ~A]
63 2 7.2 64 2 4.4 65 2 3.1 _ . .. ~
Example 2 a) By proceeding in a manner analogous to that described in Example lb but using C.I. Pigment Rot (red) 221 instead of C.I. Pigment Blau 15:3, No. 74160, there is obtained a deeply coloured, full, evenly silky-lustrous, reddish-violet sheet having equally good properties.
Z;i~
b) When t'ne ~ustre effects are measu:rel as descr bed in Example 1C9 ~.h2 following values are 0'0~2ined:
Measuring Measuring Sheet according to angle aperture Example 2a [uA~
63 2 6.8 64 2 4.5 65 2c 3.1 .__ Example 3 When the procedure is carried out in a manner analogous to that described in lb, except that C.I. Pigment Gelb 128 (yellow) is used in place of C.I. Pigment Blau 15:3, there is obtained an opaque, evenly silky-lustrous, green-dyed sheet having very good fastness to heat, light and weather.
b) When the lustre effects are measured in the manner described in Example lc, the following results are obtained:
Measuring Measuring Sheet according to angle aperture Example 3a [~A]
63 2 7.8 64 2 5.4 65 2 4.2 Example 4: By carrying out the procedure in a manner analogous to that described in Example lh but using the isoindolinone pigment C.I. Pigment Gelb llO (yellow) in place of C.I. Pigment Blau 15:3, there is obtained a soft PVC sheet displaying a greenish, evenly silky-lustrous dark dyeing having excellent fastness to light, heat, weather and migration.
7~2~
Example ~
a~ If thC pr-cedu~P is cafrie~ out in a manner analogous to that described in Example la except that 0~5 part of stearic acid is used instead of 1.5 parts of octanediol-(1,2), there are obtained 13 parts of a treated LONZA
graphite having similarly good properties.
b) When the procedure used i.s similar to that described in Example lb with the exception that the dioxazine pigment C.I. Pigment Violett 37 (violet) is employed in place of C.I. Pigment Blau 15:3, and graphite treated according to Example 5a is used instead of that treated according to Example la, a soft PVC sheet having an evenly silky-lustrous, violet shade is obtained.
Example 6: By proceeding in a manner analogous to that described in Example 5b but using .~he ~-Cu-phthalo- .
cyanine pigment C.I. Pigment Blau 15 (blue) in place of C.I. Pigment Blau 15:3, there is obtained an evenly silky-lustrous, blue dyeing having excellent fastness to heat, light and migration.
Example 7: When the procedure is carried out in a manner analogous to that described i.n Example 5b except that chlorinated Cu-phthalocyanine pigment C.I. Pigment Grun 7 (green) is used instead of C.I. Pigment Blau 15:3, there is obtained a soft PVC sheet displaying a level, deeply-coloured, silky-lustrous, dark-green shade. The fastness of this dyeing to heat, light and migration is excellent.
Example 8: By carrying out the procedure in a manner analogous to that described in Example 5b but using 0.5 part of the opaque inorganic pigment Cadmopur Gelb GS ~ (BAYER) (yellow) in place of 0.25 part of C.I. Pigment Blau 15:3, there is obtained a soft PVC sheet displaying 1~3~27 an evenly silky-lustrous, dark-green dyeing of high saturation.
Example 9 a) By proceeding in a manner analogous to that described in Example la but using finely divided, hydrogenated abietic acid instead of octanediol-(1,2), a treated LONZA graphite having similarly good properties is obtained.
b) When the procedure is carried out in a manner analogous to that described in Example lb except that 1.0 part of the yellow diazo-condensation pigment C.I. Pigment Gelb 94 (yellow) is used instead of 0.25 part of the C.I. Pigment Blau 15:3, and LONZA graphite treated according to Example 9a instead of that according to Example la, there is obtained a soft PVC sheet displaying a green, level, silky-lustrous, deeply-coloured dyeing having excellent fastness to heat, light and migration.
Example 10: By proceeding in a manner analogous to that described in Example 9b but using 0.1 part instead of 0.25 part o-f the treated LONZA graphite, and 0.1 part of the anthraquinoid pigment C.I. Pigment Rot 177 (red) in place of 0.25 part of the C.I. Pigment Blau 15:3, there is obtained a deeply-coloured, evenly silky-lustrous, reddish-violet soft PVC sheet having excellent fastness to heat, light and migration.
Example 11: When the procedure is carried out in a manner analogous to that described in Example 9b except that 0.5 part instead of 0.25 part of the treated LONZA
graphite is used, and 1.0 part of the anthraquinoid pigment C.I. Pigment Rot 177 (red) in place of 0.25 part of the C.I. Pigment Blau 15:3, a soft PVC sheet displaying a silky-lustrous, deeply-coloured violet shade is obtained.
~37~
Example 12: By proc~edlng in a mann~r anllog5us to t'r:;lt described in Example 9b but using &.1 pa~t instead of n ~ p~rt ~ P tt-P~t~. L~ZA O~Fh~ d ~-~5 ?~r~
of the indigoid pigment C.I. Pigment Rot 88 (red) in place of 0.25 part of the C.I. Pigment Blau 15:3, a soft PVC sheet displaying an evenly silky-lustrous, violet shade is obtained.
Example 13- If the procedure carried out is analogous to .
that described in Example 9b except that 0.2 part instead of 0.25 part of the treated LONZA graphite is used, and 0.2 part of the red perylenetetracarboxylic acid dlimide pigment C.I. Pigment Rot 149 (red) in place of 0.25 part of the C.I. Pigment Blau 15:3, there is obtained an evenly silky-lustrous, brownish-red soft PVC sheet having excellent fastness to heat, light and migration.
Example 14: A mixture of 92.0 parts of vinyl resin Vinnol H65D ~ (Wacker, Munich) 8.0 parts of vinyl copolymer Vestolit HIS 7587 ~ (HUELS) 1.5 parts of a plasticiser Reoplast 39 ~ (CIBA-GEIGY AG) 1.4 parts of the-stabiliser IRGASTAB BC-10 ~ "
1.4 parts of the stabiliser IRGASTAB BC-29 ~ "
0.7 part of the auxiliary stabiliser IRGASTAB CH-300 ~ "
0.4 part of the lubricant IRGAWAX 370 ~ "
0.2 part of the lubricant IRGAWAX 360 ~
~2~7~
. ., ~ L ~ -0.25 part of the ligh. s,ah~ er ~ ~IN 320 ~ ~CiB~-GELG~ AG) is produced ~n a ~lUld mixer (~apenmeier K.G., Detmold) by stirring up for about 5 minutes at a speed of 1400 revs/minute.
1.5 partsof the hard PVC mixture thus produced, 0.05 part of a readily dispersible perylenetetracarboxylic acid-dianhydride pigment and 0.025 part of the LONZA
graphite treated according to Example 9a are mixed in a Henschel mixer (Henschelwerke G.M.B.H., Kassel) at a speed of about 2000 r.p.m. for abou~ 3 minutes at room temperature. The hard PVG mixture pigmented in this manner is rolled on mixing rolls at 190C for 6 minutes at 25 r.p.m. and a friction of 1:1.2, and then pressed at 190C for 6 minutes between chromium-plated steel sheets on a Burkle press to a thickness of about 1 mm. There is thus obtained an evenly silky-lustrous, brownish-red-dyed moulded product having excellent fastness to ligh~
and to weather.
Example 15 a) When the procedure is carried out in a manner analogous to that described in Example 5a except that stearylamine is used instead of stearic acid, a treated LONZA graphite having similarly good properties is obtained.
b) By carrying out the procedure in a manner analogous to that described in Example lb but using 0.2 part of LONZA graphite treated according to Example 15a instead of 0.25 part of that treated according to Example la, and the inorganic pigment Moly Orange AA3 ~ (CIBA-GEIGY AG) in place of 0.25 part of the C.I. Pigment Blau 15:3~
a soft PVC sheet displaying an evenly sllky-lustrous, brownish-red dyeing is obtained.
~37~7 Example l6: ~y ca-rry-irlg Cllt the procedure in a manner analo~ous to tr!a. ~e.scrl.bed in Example l~b but using 0.2 part instead of 0.25 part of the treated LON7~
graphite, and 1.0 part of the inorganic iron oxide pigment Bayferrox 3910 ~ (BAYER~ in place of 0.25 part of the C.I. Pigment Blau 15:3, a silky-lustrous, greyish-green soft PVC sheet is obtained.
Example 17: If the procedure is carried out in a manner analogous to that described in Example 15b except that 0.2 part ins tead of 0.25 part of the treated LONZA
graphite is used, and 0.5 part of the orange perinone pigment C.I. Pigment Orange 43 in place of 0.25 part of C.I. Pigment Blau 15:3, there is obtained an evenly silky-lustrous~ brown-dyed soft PVC sheet having excellent fastness to heat, light and migration.
Example 18: By proceeding in a manner analogous to that described in Example 15b but using 0.2 part instead of 0.25 part of the treated graphite, and 0.5 part of ~-quinacridone pigment C.I. Pigment Violett 19 in place of 0.25 part of the C.I. Pigment Blau 15:3, there is obtained a soft PVC sheet displaying an evenly silky-lustrous, violet shade having excellent ~astness properties.
Example 19: When the procedure carried out is analogous to that described in Example 18 with the exception that the dichloroquinacridone pigment C.I. Pigment Rot 209 (red) is used instead of C.I. Pigment Violett 19, the result is a soft PVC sheet displaying an evenly silky-lustrous, violet shade having excellent fastness properties.
Example 20: ~y carrying out the procedure in a manner analogous to that described in Example 18 bu~ using the disazo-condensation pigment C.I. Pigment Rot 166 (red) ~L~3~7~X7 instead of C. T . Pigment Violett 19~ a sort PVC .sl!ee~
displaying an evenly silky-lusLLGus, opaq.le, iJrow dye;ng ;s obt-a; n~d Example 21: By proceeding in a manner analogous to that described in Example 70 but using loO part instead of 0.5 part of C.I. Pigment Rot 166, there is obtained an evenly silky-lustrous, brownish-red dyeing having excellent fastness properties.
Example 22: When the procedure is carrled out in a manner analogous to that described in Example 21 except that the yellow quinophthalone pigment C.I. Pigment Gelb 138 (yellow) is used in place of C.I. Pigment Rot 166, there is obtained a soft PVC sheet displaying an evenly silky-lustrous, very opaque, green dyeing having excellent ~astness properties.
Example 23: By proceeding in a manner analogous to that described in Example 21 but using the red 2B toner C.I. Pigment Rot 48:4, No. 15865:4 instead of C.I. Pigment Rot 166, a soft PVC sheet having a dark-red, silky-lustrous, strongly opaque shade is obtained.
Example 24: If the procedure is carried out in a manner analogous to that described in Example 21 except that the yellow diarylide pigment C.I. Pigment Gelb 13, No. 21100 is used in place of C.I. Pigment Rot 166, a soft PVC sheet displaying a silky-lustrous, strongly opaque, green dyeing is obtained.
Example 25: ~y proceeding in a manner analogous to that described in Example 3 but using 100% LONZA graphite of the type KS 2.5~instead of the treated LONZA graphite containing octane-diol-(1,2), a soft PVC sheet dyeing in a greenish shade and having similar properties is obtained.
7;~2'7 1, Exclm~le 26. When ~-he procedure is carrie-i ouc in a ~arln~l-analogol,s to tha~ desefi~ed in E~ample 25 exeep~ tha~
(~ 5 r~r~ ~f T ~7A ~r~h~re ~ Rj ~ ~sQ; ~rct~d ~f 0.25 part of LONZA graphite KS 2.5(~ , a soft PVC sheet dyed in a greenish shade and having similar properties is obtained.
Example 27: By carrying out the procedure in a manner analogous to that described in Example 26 but using the natural graphite 'Silberpudergraphit'GHL 1701 ~ (Georg H. Luh) in place of ~he LONZA graphite T-10 ~ , a soft PVC sheet dyed in a greenish shade and having similar properties is obtained.
Example 28 a) When the procedure is carried out in a manner analogous to that described in Example la except that 0.9 part of REOPLAST 39 ~ (CIBA-GEIGY AG) is used instead of 1.5 parts of octanediol-(1,2), a treated LONZA graphite having similarly good properties is obtained.
b) A mixture of 0.5 part of the LONZA graphite treated according to Example 28a, 0.5 part of the isoindolinone pigment C.I. Pigment Gelb 110 (yellow), 1.0 part of the antioxidant IRGANOX 1010 ~ (CIBA-GEIGY AG) and 1000 parts of the polyethylene-HD granulate VESTOLEN A6016 ~ (Huls) is premixed for 15 minutes in a glass bottle on a rolling device. The mixture is subsequently extruded in two passes on a single-shaft extruder; the resulting granulate is injec-tion moulded at 220C on an injection-moulding machine (Allround Aarburg 200) into the form of plates, and these are afterwards pressed at 180C for 5 minutes. The pressed plates display a silky-lustrous, dark-green dyeing having excellent fastness properties.
~37~2~
l7 k~aml31e 29: ~Jhen the prc" edure is carried cut in a ~,anner -Ir,~ L~-~O~lls ~ o 1 h~ r~ d ln F;~2mplP ~ Y~ t tla~
the anthraquinoid pigmelt C.I~ Pigment Rot 177 is used instead of C.I. Pigment Gelb 110, pressed plates having a silky-lustrous, violet shade and equally good fastness properties are obtained.
Example 30: By carrying out the procedure in a manner analogous to that described in Example 28b but using 1000 parts of polystyrene granulate, Polystyrol 165 H
(BASF) instead of 1000 parts of VESTOLEN A6016 ~, and 0.25 part in place of 0 5 part of graphite, and copper phthalocyanine-tetrasulfonic acid-(3-methoxypropyl)-amide instead of C.I. Pigment Gelb 110, there are obtained moulded products displaying a silky-lustrous, dark-blue shade and having excellent fastness properties.
Example 31: A mixture of 0.25 part of the LONZA graphite treated according to Example 28a, 0.5 part of copper phthalocyanine-tetrasulfonic acid-(3-methoxypropyl)-amide, 1.0 part of the antioxidant IRGANOX 1010 ~ (CIBA-GEIGY AG) and 1000 parts of polycarbonate MACROLON 3000W ~ (BAYER) is preliminarily mixed for lS minutes in a glass bottle on a rolling device. The mixture is afterwards extruded in one pass on a single-shaft extruder, and then granulated.
The granulate thus obtained is injection-moulded, on an injection-moulding machine at 290C with a holding time of 5 minutes, into the form of moulded plates 1.5 mm thick.
The pressed plates display a silky-lustrous blue shade having excellent fastness properties.
Example 32: When the isoindolinone pigment C.I. Pigment Gelb 110 is used in place of copper phthalocyanine-tetrasulfonic acid-(3-methoxypropyl)-amide, the procedure otherwise being as described in Example 31, there are 1~7 - ~8 -obtained pressed plates having a silky~lustrous, dark ~reen shade and excellent fastness prcperties.
Example 33: When the anthraquinoid Pigment C.I. Pigment Red 177 is used instead of copper phthalocyanine-tetrasulfonic acid-(3-methoxypropyl)-amide, and 0.5 part in place of 0.25 part of graphite, the procedure being otherwise as described in Example 31, there are obtained moulded products displaying a silky-lustrous, brownish-black shade and having excellent fastness properties.
Example 34: By using polyamide granulate VESTAMID ~
(~ls~ in place of MACROLON 3000W ~ , the process otherwise being carried out in the manner described in Example 31, dyed polyamide moulded products having simi1arly good properties are obtained.
Example 35: When polypropylene granulate MOPLEN S50G
(Montedison) is used in place of VESTOLEN A6016 ~ , the procedure otherwise being as described in Example 28b, dyed polypropylene moulded products having similarly good properties are obtained.
Example 36: A mixture of 0.25 parts of the LONZA graphite treated according to Example 28a, 0.5 part of C.I. Solvent Orange 60, 1.0 part of the antioxidant IRGANOX 1010 and 1000 parts of polycarbonate granulate MACRO~ON 3000W
(BAYER) is premixed for 15 minutes in a glass bottle on a rolling device. The mixture is then extruded in one pass on a single-shaft extruder and granulated. The dyed granulate obtained is subsequently injection-moulded on an injection-moulding machine, with a holding time at 290C of 5 minutes, into the form of moulded plates 1.5 mm thick. The plates display a silky-lustrous brown shade having excellen~ fastness properties.
~ ~ 7~Z 7 Fxample 37: When the quinophthalone dye C I ~isrlersions-~eLb 54 is used instea~ of C.I. Solvent O^ar.6-e 6c^ le procedure being otherwise carri~d ~llt ; n th~ m~nn~
described in Example 36, moulded plates displaying a green, silky-lustrous shade having good fastness properties are obtained.
Example 38: By using the anthraquinoid dye C.I. ~ispersions Violett 31 in place of C.I. Solvent Orange 60~ and carrying out the procedure otherwise in the manner described in Example 36, there are obtained moulded plates displaying a dark-violet, silky-lustrous shade having excellent fastness properties.
Example 39: When the fluorescent thioxanthene dye C.I. Solvent Orange 63 is used instead of C.I. Solvent Orange 60, and only 0.05 part instead of 0.25 part of graphite, the procedure otherwise being as described in Example 36, moulded plates displaying a brilliant, silky-lustrous, orange shade are obtained.
Example 40: By using the fluorescent coumarin dye C.I. Solvent Gelb 160 (yellow) in place of C.I. Solvent Orange 63, and carrying out the procedure otherwise in the manner described in Example 39 7 moulded products displaying a brilliant, greenish, silky-lustrous shade are obtained.
Example 41: When 0.03 part of the fluorescent thioindigo dye is used in place of 0.05 part of C.I. Solvent Orange 63, the procedure otherwise being carried out in the manner described in Example 39~ moulded products displaying a brilliant violet, silky-lustrous shade are obtained.
- 21J ~3~27 Example 42: ~hen 100~/~ LO,NZ~t gA~phl' te o:F the t`'pP 71~ 2 5 i~ used Ln pl ace of tl!e EON~A g.~apillit-e tr:eate:l ac~rdlng tn ~,x~mr1 e 92, th,e proceAure oth~wise he' r.g czrr ed out in the manner described in Example 12, a violet sheet having similar properties is obtained.
Example 43: When 100% LONZA graphite of the type KS 2.5 is used instead of the LONZA graphite treated according to Example 15a, the procedure otherwise being carried out in the manner described in Example 18, a sheet dyed in a violet shade and having similar properties is obtained.
Example 44: By using 100% LONZA graphite of the type KS 2.5 instead of the LONZA graphite..treated according to Example lSa, the procedure otherwise being carried out in the manner described in Example 24, a sheet dyed in a greenish shade and having similar properties is obtained.
Claims (11)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A composition containing high-molecular organic material for processing to moulded products, 0.001 to 3.0 %
by weight, relative to the high-molecular organic material, of graphite of a particle diameter of less than 100 microns, and one or more pigments or polymer-soluble dyes.
by weight, relative to the high-molecular organic material, of graphite of a particle diameter of less than 100 microns, and one or more pigments or polymer-soluble dyes.
2. A composition according to Claim 1, wherein the high-molecular organic material is thermoplastic.
3. A composition according to Claim 1, wherein the high-molecular organic material is selected from the group comprising: polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polycarbonate, polyacrylate, polyamide, linear polyester, polyether, or linear polyurethane, or copolymers thereof.
4. A composition according to Claim 1, wherein the graphite has a carbon content of at least 99 %.
5. A composition according to Claim 1, wherein the graphite is present in flake- or lamellar-form having a diameter of up to 20 µm and a thickness of up to 4µm.
6. A composition according to Claim 1, wherein the amount of graphite is 0.01 to 1.0 % by weight, relative to the high-molecular organic material.
7. A composition according to Claim 1, wherein the pigment is an organic pigment.
8. A composition according to Claim 1, wherein the pig-ment is a transparent organic pigment.
9. A composition according to Claim 1, wherein the dye is an anthraquinone dye or a metal complex of an azo dye.
10. A composition according to Claim 1, wherein pigment or dye is present in an amount of 0.001 to 10.0 % by weight, relative to the high-molecular organic material.
11. A composition according to Claim 1, wherein graphite treated with stearic acid, stearylamine, hydrogenated abietic acid, epoxidised soyabean oil or a 1,2-diol is present.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH4980/82-0 | 1982-08-20 | ||
CH498082 | 1982-08-20 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CA1237227A true CA1237227A (en) | 1988-05-24 |
Family
ID=4285863
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CA000434916A Expired CA1237227A (en) | 1982-08-20 | 1983-08-18 | Mouldable glistening polymers containing graphite |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4477608A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0101667B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPS5956435A (en) |
KR (1) | KR910005943B1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU564834B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA1237227A (en) |
DE (1) | DE3378585D1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK379883A (en) |
Families Citing this family (32)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4554094A (en) * | 1983-07-08 | 1985-11-19 | Ciba-Geigy Corporation | Electrically conductive fillers |
DE3544385C1 (en) * | 1985-12-14 | 1987-03-26 | Unilever Nv | PVC film for the production of identification cards |
US4938830A (en) * | 1988-03-07 | 1990-07-03 | Perfect Plastic Printing Corp. | Plastic card and method of fabrication thereof |
KR890017296A (en) * | 1988-05-18 | 1989-12-15 | 나가이 아쯔시 | Olefin-based resin composite composition for molding, molded article thereof, slide member and tape guide, molded cartridge and magnetic tape cartridge |
DE58907940D1 (en) * | 1988-09-09 | 1994-07-28 | Ciba Geigy Ag | New compositions containing molybdenum disulfide. |
DE4021194A1 (en) * | 1990-07-02 | 1992-01-09 | Hoechst Ag | NEW PHOSPHONIC ACID ARYLESTER HALOGENIDES AND A METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF |
EP0739933B1 (en) * | 1990-11-07 | 1999-03-03 | Teijin Limited | Polyester resin composition |
TW267182B (en) * | 1991-06-29 | 1996-01-01 | Hoechst Ag | |
DE59408904D1 (en) * | 1993-09-01 | 1999-12-16 | Ticona Gmbh | Pigmented plastic molding compound and its use |
DE4411067A1 (en) * | 1994-03-30 | 1995-10-05 | Bayer Ag | Polymer molding compounds for partial color changes by laser energy, in particular for the production of colored characters |
ZA957192B (en) * | 1994-09-06 | 1996-03-15 | Scapa Group Plc | Pintle wire |
US6406030B1 (en) * | 1996-10-08 | 2002-06-18 | Smith International, Inc. | O-ring seal with lubricant additives for rock bit bearings |
US5820808A (en) * | 1997-01-16 | 1998-10-13 | Ford Global Technologies, Inc. | Additive and method for in situ surface modification of injection molded polymers |
US6524694B1 (en) | 1997-06-13 | 2003-02-25 | Polyone Corporation | Compositions for imparting a translucent optical effect to transparent thermoplastic polymers |
US5977514A (en) * | 1997-06-13 | 1999-11-02 | M.A. Hannacolor | Controlled color laser marking of plastics |
US6110566A (en) * | 1997-10-23 | 2000-08-29 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Stabilization of fluorescent dyes in vinyl articles using hindered amine light stabilizers |
MY128492A (en) | 1998-03-19 | 2007-02-28 | Otsuka Chemical Co Ltd | Blowing agent powder and process for producing the same |
DE19855116A1 (en) * | 1998-11-30 | 2000-05-31 | Basf Coatings Ag | Architectural paint, process for its production and its use |
US6944115B2 (en) | 2000-09-29 | 2005-09-13 | General Electric Company | Colored data storage media |
CA2321345A1 (en) | 2000-10-02 | 2002-04-02 | Abdelbast Guerfi | Use of graphite in a composite to reduce ice accretion |
US6475588B1 (en) | 2001-08-07 | 2002-11-05 | General Electric Company | Colored digital versatile disks |
JP4948722B2 (en) * | 2001-08-31 | 2012-06-06 | Sabicイノベーティブプラスチックスジャパン合同会社 | Resin composition having metallic luster |
US6475589B1 (en) * | 2001-12-17 | 2002-11-05 | General Electric Company | Colored optical discs and methods for making the same |
US7306836B2 (en) * | 2002-04-05 | 2007-12-11 | Dixie Consumer Products Llc | Black food containers |
US8999200B2 (en) * | 2002-07-23 | 2015-04-07 | Sabic Global Technologies B.V. | Conductive thermoplastic composites and methods of making |
US20060108567A1 (en) * | 2002-07-23 | 2006-05-25 | Charati Sanjay G | Conductive poly (arylene ether) compositions and methods of making the same |
US7189777B2 (en) * | 2003-06-09 | 2007-03-13 | Eastman Chemical Company | Compositions and method for improving reheat rate of PET using activated carbon |
US20050154098A1 (en) * | 2004-01-09 | 2005-07-14 | Reflexite Corporation | Fade-resistant fluorescent retroreflective articles |
ES2603277T3 (en) * | 2011-11-30 | 2017-02-24 | Covestro Deutschland Ag | Metallic multilayer body made of special polycarbonates with reduced coefficient of thermal expansion |
JP6728976B2 (en) * | 2016-05-25 | 2020-07-22 | 株式会社豊田中央研究所 | Low linear expansion polyamide resin composition and polyamide resin molded article comprising the same |
JP6852223B2 (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2021-03-31 | 大日精化工業株式会社 | Conductive resin composition and its manufacturing method |
JP7407711B2 (en) * | 2018-07-30 | 2024-01-04 | 株式会社Adeka | Composite material manufacturing method |
Family Cites Families (25)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2875076A (en) * | 1957-02-07 | 1959-02-24 | Francis Earle Lab Inc | Nacreous graphite pigment |
US3089849A (en) * | 1959-11-16 | 1963-05-14 | Donald H Linson | Coating and lubricating composition |
NL268458A (en) * | 1960-08-19 | |||
US3247159A (en) * | 1962-03-14 | 1966-04-19 | Union Carbide Corp | High clarity polyethylene |
US3446769A (en) * | 1966-10-12 | 1969-05-27 | Celanese Coatings Co | High solids coating compositions |
US3671476A (en) * | 1969-03-01 | 1972-06-20 | Sumitomo Light Metal Ind | Electrodeposition color coating composition and method for electrodeposition color coating of metal therewith |
US3901840A (en) * | 1972-04-05 | 1975-08-26 | Du Pont | Thermosetting acrylic enamel containing an acrylic polymer and butylated melamine formaldehyde resin |
JPS5148118B2 (en) * | 1972-11-11 | 1976-12-18 | ||
GB1434712A (en) * | 1973-06-27 | 1976-05-05 | Sumitomo Electric Industries | Preparation of lubricatn-containing synthetic resin composi tions |
US3907717A (en) * | 1973-08-24 | 1975-09-23 | Globe Union Inc | Acrylic resistive coating composition |
DE2345460A1 (en) * | 1973-09-08 | 1975-03-20 | Basf Ag | POLYESTER MOLDING COMPOUNDS WITH IMPROVED SLIDING PROPERTIES |
HU167063B (en) * | 1973-11-12 | 1975-07-28 | ||
US3960790A (en) * | 1974-03-25 | 1976-06-01 | Rca Corporation | Disc record and method of compounding disc record composition |
JPS579393B2 (en) * | 1974-06-13 | 1982-02-20 | ||
US4017448A (en) * | 1975-06-16 | 1977-04-12 | Celanese Coatings & Specialties Company | Transparent pigment dispersion process |
SU668934A1 (en) * | 1977-10-03 | 1979-06-25 | Могилевский Проектно-Конструкторский Технологический Институт Специальной Технологической Оснастки, Автоматизации И Механизации | Antifriction polymer composition |
DE2861961D1 (en) * | 1977-11-14 | 1982-09-09 | Ici Plc | Decorative acrylic sheets and articles formed therefrom |
US4250242A (en) * | 1978-10-31 | 1981-02-10 | American Hoechst Corporation | Uniform exposure of positive-acting diazo type materials through support |
US4276212A (en) * | 1978-12-11 | 1981-06-30 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | High solids coating composition of a low molecular weight acrylic polymer and an alkylated melamine cross-linking agent |
BR8001414A (en) * | 1979-03-16 | 1980-11-11 | Du Pont | COMPOSITION OF COATING AND METAL SUBSTRATE |
JPS6023792B2 (en) * | 1979-04-05 | 1985-06-10 | 関西ペイント株式会社 | Method of forming metallic coating film |
JPS564653A (en) * | 1979-06-27 | 1981-01-19 | Toray Ind Inc | Polyamide-imide resin composition |
JPS5818940B2 (en) * | 1979-10-25 | 1983-04-15 | 日立化成工業株式会社 | Phenolic resin composition for sliding materials |
SU855740A1 (en) * | 1979-11-22 | 1981-08-15 | Предприятие П/Я А-7186 | Electroconducting composition |
JPS56158140A (en) * | 1980-05-09 | 1981-12-05 | Itaru Yamaguchi | Production of polymer coated body |
-
1983
- 1983-08-08 US US06/520,938 patent/US4477608A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1983-08-15 DE DE8383810361T patent/DE3378585D1/en not_active Expired
- 1983-08-15 EP EP83810361A patent/EP0101667B1/en not_active Expired
- 1983-08-18 AU AU18098/83A patent/AU564834B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1983-08-18 CA CA000434916A patent/CA1237227A/en not_active Expired
- 1983-08-19 JP JP58151466A patent/JPS5956435A/en active Granted
- 1983-08-19 DK DK379883A patent/DK379883A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1983-08-19 KR KR1019830003877A patent/KR910005943B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0101667B1 (en) | 1988-11-30 |
US4477608A (en) | 1984-10-16 |
DE3378585D1 (en) | 1989-01-05 |
KR910005943B1 (en) | 1991-08-09 |
DK379883A (en) | 1984-02-21 |
EP0101667A3 (en) | 1984-03-28 |
AU564834B2 (en) | 1987-08-27 |
AU1809883A (en) | 1984-02-23 |
KR840005829A (en) | 1984-11-19 |
JPS5956435A (en) | 1984-03-31 |
JPH0359928B2 (en) | 1991-09-12 |
DK379883D0 (en) | 1983-08-19 |
EP0101667A2 (en) | 1984-02-29 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CA1237227A (en) | Mouldable glistening polymers containing graphite | |
CN102020871B (en) | Pigment synergist | |
US5034430A (en) | Novel compositions containing molybdenum disulfide | |
US20020119314A1 (en) | Colorized rubber and method of making same | |
CA1160402A (en) | Process for the preparation of pigment alloys | |
US5084573A (en) | 2,9-dichloroquinacridone in platelet form | |
EP0337951A2 (en) | Multicoloured polymer microparticle | |
GB2177103A (en) | Perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid diimide dye | |
US5063258A (en) | Coating compositions containing molybdenum disulfide | |
US20050166798A1 (en) | Black pigment compositions | |
EP0630949B1 (en) | Compositions based on 2,9-dichloroquinacridone pigments | |
EP0604370B1 (en) | Process for preparing a platelet form of 1,4-diketo-3,6-diphenylpyrrolo-(3,4,c)-pyrrole | |
US4801702A (en) | Process for the preparation and conditioning or organic pigments | |
EP0874025B1 (en) | Beta quinacridone pigment | |
US4517320A (en) | Stoving lacquers containing graphite | |
EP0803547A2 (en) | Copper phthalocyanine pigment | |
KR100391406B1 (en) | Stir-mixed Organic Pigments | |
EP0101666B1 (en) | Milling of organic pigments | |
Christie | Pigments for plastics | |
US5199651A (en) | Grinding organic pigments | |
Ryan | Daylight fluorescent pigments and colours | |
MXPA97009346A (en) | Process for the preparation of a composition of pigmen |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
MKEX | Expiry |