CA1225397A - 3-(5-aminopentyl)-amino-1-benzazepin-2-one-1-alkanoic acids - Google Patents

Abstract

3-(5-Aminopentyl)-amino-1-benzazepin-2-one-1-alkanoic acids Abstract of to disclosure The invention concerns angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors of the formula I
(I) wherein R1 represents 4-aminobutyl, R2 and R3 represent, indepen-dently of each other, hydroxy or lower alkoxy and S represents the chirality; and salts thereof.

They are prepared, for example, by reducing a starting material corresponding to formula I, which contains a double bond located at the carbon atom in 3-position.

Description

I

4- 12~CGC 949/4 3-(S-Aminopentyl)-amino-l-benzazepin-2-one-1-alkannote acids This invention concerns novel 3-(S-aminopentyl)-amino-l-benzazepin-

2-one-1-a]kanoic acids of the general formula I, ox l if S o -I - OH
o / S \ (I) 'I / \ / CORN
o No / I
SHAKER O

wherein R represents 4-aminobutyl, R and R represent, indepen-deftly of each other, hydroxy or lower alkoxy and S represents the chirality; salts, especially pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof; processes for the manufacture of these compounds, forum-ceutical preparations containing these compounds and their there-peptic application.

The general definitions used herein have the following meanings within the scope of the present invention.

The term "lower" referred to above and hereinafter in connection with organic radicals or compounds respectively defines such with up to and including 7, preferably up and including 4 and advantageously one or two carbon atoms.

A lower alkyd group contains 1-7 carbon atoms, preferably 1-4 carbon atoms and represents for example ethyl, propel, bottle or advantage-ouzel methyl.

I

Aureole represents a carbocyclic or heterocyclic aromatic radical preferably being phenol, unsubstituted or moo- or di-substituted by lower alkyd, lower alkoxy, lower alkylenedioxy, lower alkanoyloxy, hydroxy, halogen or trifluoromethyl.

The term cycloalkyl represents a saturated cyclic hydrocarbon radical which preferably contains 3 to 8 carbons and is, for example, cyclopentyl or cyclohexyl.

The term aureole lower alkyd represents preferably bouncily, 1- or 2-phenylethyl, 1-, 2- or 3-phenylpropyl, 1-, 2-, 3- or phenol-bottle, wherein the phenol ring is unsubstituted or moo- or dip substituted by lower alkyd, hydroxy, lower alkoxy, lower alkaline-Dixie, lower alkanoyloxy, halogen or trifluoromethyl.

A lower alkoxy group preferably contains 1-4 carbon atoms and represents for example methoxy, propoxy, isopropoxy or advantage-ouzel ethics.

Lower alkanoyloxy represents preferably Aztecs, propionyloxy or pivaloyloxy.

Halogen preferably represents chlorine, but may also be bromide, fluorine or iodine.

Assaulted hydroxy represents preferably lower alkanoyloxy, e.g.
acetyloxy, benzoyloxy, benzoyloxy substituted on the phenol ring by lower alkyd, halogen or lower alkoxy, e.g. methyl, sheller or methoxy respectively, or nicotinoyloxy.

Etherified hydroxy represents preferably lower alkoxy eye. methoxy, ethics or t-butoxy, or benzyloxy.

Trialkoxymethyl represents preferably troweler alkoxy)-methyl, particularly triethoxy- or trimethoxymethyl.

39'~

Etherified hydroxymethyl represents preferably tertiary lower alkoxymethyl, lower alkoxyalkoxymethyl such as methoxymethoxymethyl, 2-oxa- or 2-thiacycloalkoxymethyl particularly 2-tetrahydropyranyl-oxymethyl.

The salts of the compounds of formula I are derived from those compounds which have salt forlrling properties and are preferably pharmaceutical acceptable salts.

Pharmaceutically acceptable salts are preferably metal or ammonium salts of said compounds of formula I wherein CUR and/or COY
represent car boxy, more particularly alkali or alkaline earth metal salts, e.g., the sodium, potassium, magnesium or calcium salt; or advantageously easily crystallizing ammonium salts derived from ammonia or organic amine, such as moo-, dip or troweler (alkyd, cycloalkyl or hydroxyalkyl)amines, lower alkylenediamines or (lower hydroxyalkyl or aralkyl)alkylammonium bases, e.g., methylarnine, diethylamine, triethylamine, dicyclohexylamine, triethanolamine, ethylenediamine, tris-(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane or benzyltri-methylammoniumhydroxide. Said compounds of formula I form acid addition salts, which are preferably such of therapeutically acceptable inorganic or organic acids, such as strong mineral acids, for example hydraulic, e.g. hydrochloric or hydrobromic acid;
sulfuric, phosphoric, nitric or perchloric acid; aliphatic or aromatic carboxylic or sulfonic acids, e.g. formic, acetic, prop ionic, succinic, glycolic, lactic, mafia, tartaric, gluconic, citric, ascorbic, malefic, fumaric, hydroxymaleic, pyruvic, phenol-acetic, benzoic, 4-aminobenzoic, anthranilic, 4-hydroxybenzoic, salicylic, 4-aminosalicylic, pamoic, nicotinic; methanesulfonic, ethanesulfonic, hydroxyethanesulfonic, benzenesulfonic, Tulane sulfonic, naphthalenesulfonic, sulfanilic or cyclohexylsulfamic acid.

~2~3~'~

The compounds of formula I exhibit valuable pharmacological proper-ties, e.g. cardiovascular effects, by inter aria inhibiting the release of Angiotensin II through selective inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme in mammals. The compounds are thus useful for treating diseases responsive to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition in mammals including man.

Isle compounds of this invention exhibit primarily hypotensive/-anti hypertensive and cardiac effects inter aria due to their angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory activity. These properties are demonstrable by in viva or in vitro tests, using advantageously mammals, e.g., rats, cats, dogs or isolated organs thereof, as test objects. The animals may either be normotensive or hypertensive e.g., genetically spontaneous hypertensive rats, or renal hype-tensile rats and dogs, and sodium-depleted dogs. The compounds can be applied to the test animals entirely or parenterally, advantage-ouzel orally or intravenously, for example within gelatin capsules or in the form of starchy suspensions or aqueous solutions. The applied dosage may range between about 0.001 and 30 mg/kg/day, preferably between about 0.01 and 10 mg~kg/day.

The in viva lowering effect on the blood pressure is recorded, either directly by means of a catheter, placed in the test animal's femoral artery, or indirectly by sphygmomanometry at the rat's tail or a transducer. The blood pressure is recorded in mm Hug prior to and after dosing.

Thus the anti hypertensive effects are demonstrable in spontaneously hypertensive rats by indirect measurement of systolic pressure.
Conscious rats are placed individually in restraint cages within a gently warmed chamber. A pulse sensor is placed distal to an inflatable occlusive cuff on each rat's tail. The cuff is periodic gaily inflated to occlude the tail artery. The pressure in the cuff is continuously reduced and the systolic pressure corresponds to the pressure in the cuff, at which the pulse waves reappear. After obtaining control values of blood pressure and heart rate, test

3~7 compounds are administered orally once daily for 4 consecutive days.
Additional blood pressure measurements are usual Ivy made at 2.0, 4.0 and 23.5 hours after each daily dosing, and responses are compared to those of rats dosed with the treatment vehicle.

The compounds of this invention when administered intravenously or orally also exhibit an inhibitory effect against the Angiotensin I
induced presser response of normotensive rats. Angiotensin I is hydrolyzed by the action of said converting enzyme to the potent presser substance Angiotensin II. The inhibition of said enzyme prevents the generation of Angiotensin II from I. In this manner the increase of blood pressure provoked by Angiotensin I is attenuated.

The corresponding in viva test is performed with male, normotensive rats, which are anesthetized with sodium 5-ethyl-5-(l-methylpropyl)-2-thiobarbiturate. A femoral artery and siphons vein are cannulated respectively for direct blood pressure measurement and the ivy. administration of Angiotensin I and a compound of this invention. After the basal blood pressure is stabilized, presser responses to 3 challenges of 333 ngj/kg Angiotensin I ivy., at 5 minute intervals, are obtained. Such pressure responses are usually again obtained at 5, lo 15, 30 and 60 minutes after ivy.
administration or l, 2, 3 and 4 hours after pro. administration of the compound to be tested, and compared with the initial responses.
Any observed decrease of said presser response caused by the compounds of the invention is an indication of Angiotensin I
converting enzyme inhibition.

The in vitro inhibition of the angiotensin-converting enzyme by the compounds of this invention can be demonstrated by a method analog gout to that given in Become. Buffs. Act 293, 451 (1973).
According to this method, said compounds are dissolved at about l no concentration in phosphate buffer. To lo micro liters of solutions of the test compound in phosphate buffer, diluted to the desired concentration, are added lo micro liters of 5 my hippuryl-histidyl-Lawson in phosphate buffer, followed by 50 micro liters of the 53~'7 angiotensin-converting enzyme preparation (from lungs of adult male rabbits) in Trip buffer, containing potassium and magnesium chloride, as well as sucrose. Said solutions are incubated at 37C
for 30 minutes and combined with 0.75 ml of 0.6 N aqueous sodium hydroxide to stop further reaction. Then 100 micro liters of a 0.2 solution of o-phthalaldehyde in methanol are added at room tempera-lure, and 10 minutes later 100 rnicroliters of ON hydrochloric acid.
These samples are read against water in a spectrophotometer set at 360 nun, and the optical densities thereof estimated. They are corrected for the standard curve via a conversion factor expressing nanomoles of hystidyl-leucine formed during said 30 minute incubi-lion period. The results are plotted against drug concentration to determine the ISSUE, i.e., the drug concentration which gives half the activity of the control sample containing no drug.

Angiotensin-converting enzyme not only participates in the con-version of Angiotensin I to Angiotensin II, but also plays a role in the control of bradykinin and aldosterone levels. The effect of the compounds of this invention on these factors may also contribute to the antil-ypertensive and cardiac effects of the compounds of this invention.

The aforementioned advantageous properties render the compounds of this invention of great value as specific therapeutic agents for mammals including man.

Accordingly, the compounds of this invention are valuable anti-hypertensive agents, especially useful for ameliorating hypertension (regardless of etiology) and/or cardiac conditions, such as congestive heart failure, and/or other endemic or ascetic diseases.
They are also useful in the preparation of other valuable products, especially of corresponding pharmaceutical compositions.

I

Gore particularly, the invention relates to compounds of formula I, wherein R represents 4-aminobutyl and R and R represent, independently of each other, hydroxy or lower alkoxy such as methoxy, ethics, propoxy, isopropoxy, buttocks or tert.-butoxy, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

A more specific embodiment of this invention relates to compounds of formula I, wherein R represents 4-aminobutyl and R and R
represent, independently of each other, hydroxy, methoxy, ethics or tert.-butoxy, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

Especially preferred are compounds of formula I, wherein R
represents 4-aminobutyl, R represents hydroxy, methoxy or left.-buttocks and R represents hydroxy or ethics, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, in particular the hydrohalides and dihydrohalides thereof.

Very much preferred are compounds of formula I, wherein R repro-sets 4-aminobutyl, R represents hydroxy, methoxy or tert.-butoxy if R is hydroxy and R is hydroxy or methoxy if R is ethics, and the hydrochloride and dihydrochlorides thereof.

Outstanding are3-~(5-amino-1-carboxy)-(lS)-pentylamino]-l-carboxyy-methyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-lH-1-(3S)-benzazepin-2-oone and its pharmaceutically acceptable salts.

The compounds of formula I according to the invention can be prepared in a manner which is known per so, e.g. by 3~3~

a) alkylating a compound of the formula !' Jo/
if S NO (ILL) o /
I/\ /
N---SHAKER O
as the S-enantiomer or mixture of stereo isomers containing said isomer, wherein R has the meaning given hereinabove, with a compound of the formula Al Z - OH (IIIA) \ 2 CUR

as the S-enantiomer or mixture containing said isomer, wherein Z is a reactive esterified hydroxyl group and R and R have the meanings given hereinabove or with a compound of the formula R -KICKER (IV) wherein R and R have meanings given hereinabove, in the presence of a reducing agent with temporary protection of the primary amino group and/or hydroxyl groups, which may be present in any one of the residues R , R and R , or to b) alkylating a compound of the formula Jo \ I OR
! ¦¦ s o -N - OH (V) / \ / CUR
I

or a mixture of stereo isomers containing said compound, wherein R
and R have the meanings given hereinabove with a compound of the formula Z - SHAKER JIB

wherein Z is a reactive esterified hydroxyl group and R has the meanings given hereinabove while protecting temporarily the amino and/or hydroxyl groups in any one of the reactants, or c) condensing a compound of the formula o//\!

MY (VI) o /
I/\ /
o / I
SHAKER O
wherein Y is ox, a reactive esterified or etherified hydroxyl group Z together with hydrogen or two reactive esterified or etherified hydroxyl groups Z, and R has the meanings given hereinabove, with an amine of the formula $~i~53~3~

H N - OH (VII) CUR

as the S-enantiomer or mixture containing said isomer, wherein R
and R have the meanings given hereinabove, with the proviso that when Y is ox, or bis-(esterified or etherified) hydroxy, the condensation is carried out in the presence of a reducing agent, or d) solvoly~ing a compound of tune formula s l if S No - OH (VIII) J / S \R
o Jo CHAR
or a mixture of stereo isomers containing said compound wherein R has the meaning given hereinabove, one of the symbols R and R
is cyan and the other one is cyan or CUR and CUR respectively as defined hereinabove, or e) suckling a compound of the formula O ED
! I \ H R
! s OH - N - OH (IX) 'I / \ I corn NH COO
SHAKER

or a mixture of stereo isomers containing said compound wherein R , R and R have the meanings given hereinabove, or a reactive ester thereof, or I flyweight to f) saturating one or two double bonds in a compound of the formula X

t I
R\/ \ Al o .\ /
--N - C (X) o / \
\\ / \ / CORN
N
/ I
SHAKER O

in which said double bond(s) is (are) located at C3-C4, C4-C5 and/or in the side chain between the nitrogen atom and an adjacent carbon atom, by treatment with a reducing agent, or g) ring opening the monocyclic lactam in a compound of formula XI

J O
R\/ \ H J
o Jut \ I / O
l if S S ¦ (XI) s, / \ O
I/\ / \ /
No No / I // \
SHAKER O O H

or a mixture of stereo isomers containing said compound wherein R
has meaning as previously defined to the compound of formula I
wherein R and R are hydroxy, or 3~7 h) hydrogenolyzing or reducing a compound of the formula XII

o S - N --OH (XII) / S\ 2 / I
SHAKER O

or a mixture of stereo isomers containing said compound wherein X
represents ox, protected ox or bis-(esterified or etherified hydroxy); or X represents one hydroxy, one eastward or etherified hydroxy together with one hydrogen, and R , R and R have the meanings given hereinabove, or i) converting a compound of the fornnula o o 4 ! \ H (SHARI
l if S - N - OH
o / S\ (XIII) 'I / \ / CORN
I
/ I
SHAKER O

or a mixture of stereo isomers containing said compound in which R
is a group convertible into 2-aminoethyl, and R and R have the meanings given hereinabove into a compound of formula 1, or ~l~2~3~

j) converting a compound of the formula ! o \ I / 2)4 Ho S - N - OH
I/\ / S\R5 (xrv) or a mixture of isomers containing said compound in which one of R
and R is a group convertible into CUR and CUR respectively as defined above and the other is CORN or CUR , or both R5 and R6 are groups convertible into CUR and CUR , into a compound of formula I, or k) removing the protective groups in a compound of the formula o\ z2 ( OH ) -NH-Z4 l if S o - N - OH
/ So\ (XV) / \ / Casey o No /

or in a mixture of stereo isomers containing said compound in which at least one of % to Z is a protective group and the remaining of Z to Z represent hydrogen, to obtain a compound of formula I
wherein one or both of R and R may represent hydroxy;
and, if desired, a resulting compound of formula I is converted into another compound of formula I, and/or if desired, a resulting compound of formula I having salt-forming properties is converted into a salt thereof or a resulting salt into another salt or a free compound is liberated from such a salt, and/or if so required, the optical isomer of formula I which has the specific SO

I

configuration with respect to the two centers of chirality is separated from a resulting mixture of stereoisomeric forms containing a compound of formula I.

All of the processes for the preparation of compounds of formula I
are advantageously carried out with reactive functional groups in temporarily protected form as deemed necessary at any stage under the particular circumstances by one skilled in the art.

A reactive esterified hydroxyl group Z is such as a hydroxyl group esterified with a strong organic acid, e.g. an aliphatic or aromatic sulfonic acid (such as a lower alkanesulfonic acid, especially methanesulfonic, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, especially Bunsen-sulfonic, p-toluenesulfonic, p-bromobenzenesulfonic and nutria benzenesulfonic acid) or with a strong inorganic acid, such as, especially, sulfuric acid, or a hydraulic acid, such as hydra-caloric or, most preferably, hydroiodic or hydrobromic acid.

Any substitutive alkylation according to the present invention is carried out under conventional general conditions at temperatures ranging between about O C up to the boiling temperature of the reaction mixture, preferably at temperatures between room tempera-lure to about 100 C. The reaction takes place advantageously in the presence of a solvent which is inert with respect to the reactants, such as a chlorinated lower Al Kane (e.g. chloroform or ethylene chloride), an cyclic or cyclic ether (e.g. deathly ether, Dow-methoxyethane, Dixon or tetrahydrofuran) and, in particular, a lower Molecular weight tertiary aside (e.g. N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, N-ethylpiperidone and hexamethylphosphoric acid trimmed). Advantageously, the strong acid LIZ liberated during the reaction is bound by the addition of an acid-binding agent, such as, preferably, an inorganic acid-scavenger such as an alkali metal bicarbonate, carbonate or hydroxide, an organic qua ternary amrnonium salt (e.g. a tetrabutylammonium salt) or an organic tertiary base, such as triethylamine, N-ethylpiperidine, pardon or quinoline.

I

An alkylation according to the present invention can also be carried out utter the conditions of reductive alkylation in the manner generally known and used in the art. In carrying out that alkylation the starting materials are, simultaneously or in a subsequent step, reacted with a reducing agent. Among reducing agents which are used simultaneously with the alkylating agent, mention should be made of formic acid and complex metal hydrides such as sodium cinnabar-hydrides among reducing agents used predominantly in a separate subsequent operation i.e. reduction of a preformed mine (Showoffs base), mention should be made of diborane and complex metal hydrides, such as, sodium bordered, sodium cyanoborohydride which are added advantageously to the primary reaction mixture without isolating an intermediate, e.g. the mine. In this case, the alkylation is carried out advantageously in an organic solvent inert to the reducing agent, such as in an aliphatic or cyclic ether (such as deathly ether, diisopropyl ether, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, Dixon or tetrahydrofuran) or an aliphatic alcohol (such as methanol, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, glycol, glycol monomethyl ether or diethylene-glycole), preferably at about 0 I C. A principal reducing agent, however, which can be used both simultaneously and subsequently, is hydrogen, especially catalytically activated hydrogen. The catalysts are those conventionally used as hydrogenation catalysts, i.e.
preferably those of the class of precious metals (such as palladium, platinum and rhodium) on a carrier (such as calcium carbonate, aluminum oxide or barium sulfate), in a finely dispersed suspension without carrier or, in form of complexes, in a homogeneous phase.
Also, finely dispersed transition metals such as Rangy metals, especially Rangy nickel, are very suitable catalysts for the reductive alkylation. The specific reaction conditions depend, to a large extent, on the particular hydrogenation catalyst and its precise activity, and do not differ from those generally known for hydrogenation. Temperatures ranging from room temperature to about 150C, and pressures of hydrogen ranging from atmospheric pressure to about 300 atmospheres are applicable according to the standard procedures of the art. In addition to the inert solvents which were mentioned above in connection with the hydrides reduction, low molecular weight asides, especially tertiary arnides (such as N~N-dimethylformalnide~ N,N-dimethylacetamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, N-ethylpiperidone, hexamethylphosphoric acid trimmed), and also formamide and acetamide can be used as suitable solvents.

The preformed mines referred to above are preferably prepared by condensing corresponding starting materials in an inert solvent, e.g. Tulane or ethylene chloride, advantageously in the presence of a dehydrating catalyst, e.g. boron trifluoride ether ate, p-toluenesulfonic acid, dibutylein dichlorides or molecular sieves.

In any of the alkylation processes, primary and secondary amino groups in starting materials, except for the amino group to be alkylated, must be in a temporarily protected form during the alkylation. Suitable protecting groups, as well as procedures for their introduction and removal are well known in the art, being elaborated in great detail in particular as general methods for the synthesis of peptizes, cf. Hobnail: Methadone don Organischen Chemise; Thea edition, vol. 15/I and II, E. Winch (editor): Syntheses vow Putdown (George Thieve Verlag, Stuttgart; 1974). The narrower selection of the protecting groups depends on the specific purpose, it being necessary to take into account in particular the specific properties of the particular starting materials and the reaction conditions of the specific process. In the case of several lung-tonal groups to be protected, advantageous combinations can be selected. Preferably, for example, similar amino and car boxy protecting groups are used it the radicals CUR and/or CUR and in the radical R and are simultaneously removed following alkylation.

Suitable as amino-protecting groups are especially amino-protecting groups that can be removed by reduction, for example especially those of the benzyloxycarbonyl type in which the benzyloxycarbonyl group may be substituted in the aromatic moiety by halogen atoms, lower alkoxy groups and/or lower alkyd radicals and, especially, by vitro groups, such as the p-chloro- and p-bromobenzyloxycarbonyl, ~S~9~7 p-methoxybenzyloxycarbonyl, p-methylbenzyloxycarbonyl and, especially, p-nitrobenzyloxycarbonyl group, or alternatively the isonicotinyloxycarbonyl group. An advantageous amino-protecting group is an ethoxycarbonyl group which carries in the B-position a sill group substituted by three hydrocarbon radicals such as triphenylsilyl, dimethyl-tert.-butylsilyl or, especially, in-methylsilyl. A ~-(trihydrocarbylsilyl)-ethoxycarbonyl group of this type, such as a B-(tri-lower alkylsilyl)-ethoxycarbonyl group, for example, especially B-(trimethylsilyl)-ethoxycarbonyl, forms with the amino group to be protected a corresponding B-trihydrocarbyl-silylethoxycarbonylamino group (for example the B-trimethylsilyl-ethoxycarbonylamino group), which may be removed under very specific, very mild conditions by the action of fluoride ions.

It is also possible to use groups that can be removed by acidolysis, such as the tert-butoxycarbonyl groups and analogous groups, as well as those of the aralkyl type, such as benzhydryl, di-(4-methoxy)-benzhydryl and triphenylmethyl (tritely), or certain aralkoxycarbonyl groups of the 2-(p-biphenylyl)-2-propoxycarbonyl type, which are described in Swiss Patent Specification No. 509 266. It should be noted that protecting groups derived from esters of carbonic acids are in most cases also removable by basic hydrolysis.

For the optional temporary protection of hydroxy groups, protecting groups may be used advantageously that can be removed by reduction, cf. the above-cited text (Hobnail), and also groups that can be _ removed by acidolysis, such as 2-tetrahydropyranyl, tert-butoxy-carbonyl and tert-butyl. Preferred hydroxy-protecting groups that can be removed by reduction are, for example, bouncily groups that may be substituted in the aromatic moiety by halogen, lower alkyd, lower allcoxy and/or, especially, vitro, especially the 4-nitrobenzyl group. It is also possible to use azalea groups that can be removed under weakly basic conditions, such as formal or trifluoroacetyl.

3~7 For the optional protection of ox groups, these are preferably protected as petals, especially as petals derived from lower alkanols, such as methanol or ethanol, or advantageously of ethylene glycol, or as corresponding thioketals preferably those of 1,2-ethanedithiol. All these groups can liberate ox groups under the conditions indicated further below.

The subsequent removal of protecting groups in accordance with the invention depends on their nature and is carried out in each case in a conventional manner known per so taking into consideration the general properties of the derived product. If the protecting groups for amino and car boxy have been so selected that they can be removed under similar conditions, then all of these protecting groups are advantageously removed in a single operation; in special cases, however, it is possible to use different types of groups and remove each of them individually.

The groups that can be removed by reduction, especially those that contain halogenated lower alkyd radicals (for example try-chloroethyl radicals), isonicotinyl radicals (for example is-nicotinyloxycarbonyi) and optionally substituted bouncily radicals, especially 4-nitrobenzyl radicals of any kind, are preferably removed by zinc reduction, usually in the presence of an acid, preferably acetic acid, and with or without the addition of an inert organic solvent, usually at room temperature. The removal of a protecting group by acid hydrolysis (acidolysis) is carried out in the case of groups of the tert-butyl type by means of hydrogen chloride, hydrogen fluoride or trifluoroacetic acid, and in the case of acid-sensitive protecting groups chiefly by means of a lower aliphatic carboxylic acid, such as formic acid and/or acetic acid, in the presence of water and, optionally, a polyhalogenated lower allcanol or lower alkanone, such as 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropan-2-ol or hexafluoroacetone. In this manner, it is possible, for example, for an N-trityl group to be removed by an organic acid, such as formic acid, acetic acid, chloroacetic acid or trifluoroacetic acid, in aqueous or absolute trifluoroethanol as solvent (cf. Herman Offenlegungsscllrift 2 346 147) or by aqueous acetic acid; for the tert-butoxycarbonyl group to be removed by trifluoroacetic acid or hydrochloric acid; and for the 2-(p-biphenylyl)-isopropoxycarbonyl group to be removed by aqueous acetic acid or, for example, by a mixture of glacial acetic acid, formic acid (82.8 strength) and water (7:1:2) or in accordance with the process in DEMOS 2 346 147.
The ~-silylethyl ester groups are preferably removed by fluoride ion-yielding reagents, for example fluorides of qua ternary organic bases, such as tetraethylammonium fluoride.

Catalyzed and thioketalized ox groups are converted into free ox groups by acidolysis with usual strong inorganic acids, or with oxalic acid, in the presence of water, the latter ones advantage-ouzel by treatment with a sulfur-binding agent, e.g. a mercury II -salt and/or cadmium carbonate. Protecting groups that are unstable to basic conditions, for example formal, trifluoroacetyl and carbonic acid ester groups, can be carefully removed by the action of an aqueous sodium or potassium bicarbonate or carbonate solution, or, also, aqueous ammonia, in an organic solvent, usually at room temperature. The protecting groups are preferably removed under the reaction conditions of the examples, or under analogous conditions.

In the case of reactants of e.g. formulae IIIA, IIIB, IV and VII
wherein R or R represent hydroxy, an appropriate carboxylate salt is prepared, preferably in situ, before condensation with the desired intermediates cited hereinafter in detail.

Process a) Condensation of amine of formula II with the ~-ketoacid derivatives of formula IV by reductive N-alkylation is carried out under conditions known to the art, e.g. by catalytic hydrogenation with hydrogen in the presence of platinum, palladium or nickel catalysts or with chemical reducing agents such as simple or complex light metal hydrides, advantageously an alkali metal cinnabar-hydrides such as sodium cyanoborohydride. The reductive lamination with an alkali metal cyanoborohydride is preferably carried out in an inert solvent, e.g. methanol or acetonitrile, advantageously in ~53~

the presence of an acid, e.g. hydrochloric acid or acetic acid at a temperature between about 0 and 50C, preferably room temperature.

Alkylation of amine of formula II with a reactant of formula IIIA, well known to the art, is carried out with or without basic catalysts such as triethylamine or potassium carbonate in an inert solvent.

The starting materials of formula IIIA and IV are known or, if they are unknown, can be simply obtained by conventional synthetic processes. The starting materials of formula II can be obtained by conventional synthetic processes, and advantageously in the manner which is described in more detail and exemplified for specific intermediates hereinafter.

Compounds of formula II can be obtained by condensing under conditions of basic catalysis, a compound of the formula X

O O J
!"! \

! D - R7 (XVI) I/\ /
Jo /

wherein X represents two hydrogen, one hydrogen and one etherified or esterified hydroxy, ox or ox protected in form of a petal or thioketal and R is amino, lower alkylamino, Acadia or acylamino, e.g. lower alkanoylamino or alkyloxycarbonylamino with a compound of the formula Z - C~12coR (IIIB) 535~

wherein R represents hydroxy, dip lower alkylamino, lower alkoxy, aureole lower alkoxy, lower alkanoyloxymethoxy or lower alkoxycarbonyl lower alkoxy and Z represents reactive esterified hydroxy; and optionally reducing, hydrogenolyzing, hydrolyzing or alkylating the resulting intermediate.

Compounds of formula XVI are obtained from the corresponding optionally substituted and/or derivatized 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-lH-l-brnzclzepin-2-ones Jo Chum. Sock 1937, 45~; British patent 1,359,285; Lie big's Ann. Chum. 574, 171 (1951)~. Novel appropriately derivatized starting l-benzazepin-2-ones are advantageously prepared by Beckman rearrangement of the correspondingly derivatized naphthalen-l-ones using procedures known to the art and exemplified herein.

Said tetrahydro-l-benzazepin-2-ones are converted to the 3-halo-, e.g. 3-chloro-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-lH-l-benzazepin-2-one under conditions exemplified herein, e.g. by treatment with phosphorus pentachloride, to first obtain the 3,3-dichloroderivative, followed by hydrogenation. Substitution of said halo derivative with a metal aside, e.g. sodium aside and optional reduction, or substitution with ammonia and optional acylation, yields rhizomic compounds of formula XVI, wherein R is amino or acylamino.

Alternatively, compounds of formula XVI wherein R represents amino or acylamino are obtained by reduction and cyclization of the appropriately substituted and/or derivatized 4-(2-nitrophenyl)-2-aminobutyric acid and optional subsequent N-alkylation or N-acylation.

Resolution of a compound of formula XVI wherein R is amino by methods well-known in the art gives the 3-(S)-enantiomer.

An alternate synthesis for the optically active compounds of this invention starts with the natural amino acid tryptophane.
Specifically L-4-(2-aminophenyl)-4-oxo-2-aminobutyric acid i3~7 (L-kynurenine, J. Am. Chum. Sock 76, 1708 (195~), derived from L-tryptophane) is converted to an optically active starting material of formula VOW wherein R is acylamino, e.g. 3-(S)-t-butyloxy-carbonylarnino-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1~-1-benzazepineeden as described in the Australian Journal ox Chemistry 33, 633-40 (1980)~
The lactam alkylation of a compound of formula XVI with a reactant of formula IIIB, well known in the art, is preferably carried out in the presence of bases such as alkali rightly hydrides, e.g. sodium or potassium hydrides alkali metal alkoxides, e.g. potassium t-butoxide or sodium methoxide, organo-metallic reagents, e.g. Lithium dyes-propylamide or under conditions of phase transfer catalysis e.g. in the presence of a tetrabutylammonium salt, preferably in a solvent e.g. tetrahydrofuran, dimethylformamide, at a temperature preferably between about 0 and 75 C.

Process b) is carried out in a conventional manner under the conditions of substitutive alkylation as described herein before and is preferably carried out in the presence of very strong bases, such as alkali metal hydrides (e.g. sodium or potassium hydrides), alkoxides (e.g. sodium methoxide or ethoxide, potassium left-but oxide) or asides (e.g. lithium diisopropylamide), whereby ethers and asides mentioned above are preferred as solvents.

The starting materials of formula IIIB are known or, if they are unclean, can be simply obtained by conventional synthetic processes.
The starting materials of formula V can be obtained by conventional synthetic processes, and advantageously in the manner which is described in more detail and exemplified for specific intermediates hereinafter.

Compounds of formula V can be obtained by condensing under conditions of reductive alkylation a compound of the formula o owe !"! \
! Al s NHz (XVII~
I/\ /
o I_;, H O
with a compound of the formula IV

Al _ CO - CUR (IV) wherein R and R have meanings as previously defined, or under alkylation conditions with a compound of formula IIIA

R
\ 2 (IIIA) CUR

wherein R , R and Z have meanings as previously defined.

Process c), also being an alkylation reaction is performed according to the same general considerations and under the same experimental conditions as described in detail above (substitutive alkylation or reductive allcylation). Starting materials of formula VI can be obtained by conventional processes known per so, e.g. in the manner described more specifically hereinafter.

The Iysine derivatives of formula VII are known, or if unknown, are easily accessible by conventional synthetic methods.

The starting materials of formula VI wherein Y represents ox may be prepared by treating a compound of formula II with a lower alkyd nitrite, e.g. t.-butyl nitrite followed by a pursued, e.g. m-cllloro-perbenzoic acid in an inert solvent such as chloroform or ethylene chloride, advantageously at room temperature.

The starting materials of formula VI wherein Y represents two reactive esterified hydroxy groups (such as Doyle, erg dichloro) may be prepared by first treating 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-lH-I-benz-azepin-2-one with a halogenating agent such as phosphorous pent-chloride to give e.g. 3,3-dichloro-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-lli-1-benz-a%epin-2-one, which is alkylated with a compound ox formula IIIb.

A compound of formula VI wherein Y represents one reactive ester-vied hydroxy group and one hydrogen may be prepared by hydrogenation of the corresponding compound wherein Y represents e.g. two reactive esterified hydroxy groups such as dichloro.

Process d) is also carried out in a conventional manner under the general conditions of solvolysis, which are known to convert cyanides (nitrites) into free carboxylic acids, their salts or esters. For conversion into a free acid, hydrolysis with water is carried out advantageously in an inert organic solvent which is at least partially miscible with water, such as an ether (e.g. deathly or diisopropyl ether, 1,2-dimethoxyethane or, especially Dixon or tetrahydrofuran) or a lower alkanol (e.g. methanol, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, a bottle alcohol, especially tert-butyl alcohol), a larger amount of water being required in the latter cases in order to prevent alcoholizes. The hydrolysis can be catalyzed both by strong acids, especially inorganic acids such as sulfuric acid or, preferably hydraulic acids (e.g. hydrobromic or, as a first choice, hydrochloric acid), or by bases, especially inorganic bases such as hydroxides and carbonates of alkali metals, e.g. sodium and poles-slum hydroxide. The bases are usually employed in at least statue-metric quantities giving rise to carboxylic acid salts as primary products. Tune acidic catalysts are advantageously applied as dilute aqueous solution for the best result. Final products of formula I, in which CORN and/or Corn represent an carboxyl group esterified with a lower alkanol, can be obtained by carrying out the solvolysis of the nitrite with the corresponding alcohol (alcoholizes) on the presence of a catalytic amount of an an hydrous strong acid, Advent-juicily gaseous hydrogen chloride. Usually, excess alcohol is used as solvent; however, inert organic solvents can be added, such as cyclic and cyclic ethers (especially these mentioned above), and/or halo~enated lower alikeness (especially chloroform and dichloro-metl1ane). If the alcoholizes is carried out under strictly an hydrous conditions, the primary product (imido ester) is to be hydrolyzed, advantageously by adding water to the reaction mixture; otherwise, by carrying out the alcoholizes in the presence of an approximately stoichiometric equivalent of water, the desired ester is obtained directly.

The starting materials of formula VIII can be obtained by convent tonal knighthoods known per so, e.g. by a condensation analogous to that of process c) in which a starting material of the formula VI is treated with an amine of the formula R
HEN - OH (VII') \

ON
wherein R has the meaning given hereinabove. Also, processes a) and b) can analogously be used for the preparation of the nitrites of formula VIII.

The cyclization according to process variant e) can also be carried out in the manner known per so, e.g. by dehydration. specially useful general methods for this purpose are those developed in connection with the formation of the aside bond in peptizes, as reviewed in compilative works, e.g. Hobnail, Volumes 15/I and 15/II as cited hereinabove. According to one preferred modification, the amino group to be cyclized is rendered inactive by pretension (i.e. in the form of an acid addition salt), and the carboxyl group is converted into an activated ester, such as that with try-chlorophenol, pentachlorophenol, pentafluorophenol, 2-nitrophenol or, especially, 4-nitrophenol, or with an N-hydroxy compound, such as N-hydroxysuccinimide, l-hydroxybenztriazole or N-hydroxy-Go to piperidine, or alternatively with an N,N'-disubstituted issuer, such as, especially N,N'-dicyclohexylisourea, or a similar generally known activating agent. The cyclization is effected by gasification preferably by the addition of an organic base, for example a qua ternary ammonium salt, or especially a tertiary amine, such as triethylamine, N-ethylmorpholine or N-methylpiperidine, in order to reactivate the amino group to be cyclized by converting it into the unprotonated form. The reaction temperature is usually from -20 to +50C, preferably approximately at room temperature, and customary solvents are used, for example, dioxin, tetrahydrofuran, acetonitrile, pardon, dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, dimethylsulfoxide, N-methylpyrrolidone, hexamethylphosphoric acid trimmed, as well as chloroform and ethylene chloride, and expedient mixtures thereof. In a special variant of the process, the car boxy group can be directly activated _ situ by the action of the free acid with a carbodiimide, such as N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (optionally with the addition of N-hydroxysuccinimide, an unsubsti-tuned or, for example, halogen-, methyl- or methoxy-substituted l-hydroxybenztriazole or 4-hydroxybenzo-1,2,3-triazine-3-oxide or N-hydroxy-5-norbornene-2,3-dicarboximide), or with N,N'-carbonyl-diimidazole.

Starting materials of formula IX can be obtained according to general methods known per so, e.g. as discussed in more specific examples hereinafter.

Also, reduction according to process f) can be carried out in a manner generally known per so for saturation of such double bonds.
More specifically, the double bond in the unsaturated starting materials corresponding to formula I can be located between C3 and C4, between C4 and C5 or between C3 and the adjacent nitrogen atom, or between the nitrogen atom and the adjacent exocyclic carbon atom. The saturation of such double bonds is advantageously carried out by catalytic hydrogenation, e.g. under the preferred conditions discussed in detail herein before, and also by metal reduction, such as zinc reduction in neutral or acidic medium, or I

especially in the case of the C-N double bond, by diborane or complex hydrides such as sodium bordered, as mentioned herein-before. The unsaturated starting materials for this process are obtained according to known general methods, e.g. those discussed in processes a) and c) and/or in a more specific form hereinafter.

The starting materials e.g. having a C4-C5 double bond are prepared from the starting materials identical in structure to the compounds of formula II, V and VI but for having a C4-C5 double bond, by reactions according to processes a), b) or c) respectively.
They are in turn prepared from the corresponding 5-hydroxy, 5-(esterified or ethe~ified) hydroxy derivatives of the compounds of formula II, V and VI by well-known elimination procedures. Said 5-substituted compounds are prepared from e.g. L-kynurenine as described herein.

The ring opening of the caprolactam ring in a compound of formula XI
according to process g) is carried out by methods well-known in the art, e.g. by treatment with a strong mineral acid, preferably at elevated temperature to obtain the compound of formula I wherein R
and R are hydroxy.

The starting material of formula XI is prepared e.g. by reductive alkylation of 3-(S)-amino-c-caprolactam with a compound of formula VI according to procedures of process c).

For process h), the compounds of formula XII wherein X represents one hydrogen and one hydroxy may be converted to compounds wherein X
represents two hydrogen, e.g. by catalytic hydrogenation of the adduce of a carbodiimide, e.g. the adduce formed by condensation of a compound wherein X represents one hydrogen and one hydroxy with dicyclohexylcarbodiimide in the presence of cuprous chloride according to the general method described in Chum. Ben. 107, 1353 (1974).

I

Alternatively, the compounds wherein X represents one hydrogen and one hydroxy may be first converted to the corresponding compounds wherein X represents one hydrogen and one assaulted hydroxy, e.g.
Aztecs or sheller, and subsequently reduced, e.g. by catalytic hydrogenation in the presence of a palladium catalyst, to compounds wherein X represents two hydrogen.

The reduction of the ox group in a compound of formula XII to two hydrogen can advantageously be accomplished e.g. by treatment with amalgamated zinc and hydrochloric acid, or by Rangy nickel desulfur-ization of a corresponding dithioketal.

Compounds of formula XII wherein X represents ox may first be converted to the corresponding compounds wherein X represents one hydrogen and one hydroxy by reduction, e.g. by catalytic hydrogen-lion, e.g. with hydrogen in the presence of a platinum catalyst, or with a metal hydrides reducing agent such as sodium bordered, or according to the method of Meerwein-Ponndorf, or a modification thereof using an alkanol, especially isopropyl alcohol, as both solvent and reducing agent and a metal alkoxide, preferably one corresponding to the reducing alcohol, such as aluminum is-prop oxide, as a catalyst.

The starting materials of formula XII are prepared analogous to processes described in above methods a), b) or c) starting with e.g.
L-kynurenine as described herein. For processes involving e.g.
reductive alkylation as described herein, special measures have to be taken For starting materials which have an easily reducible functional group, such as the 5-oxo group; in order to preserve these groups, either temporary protection or selective reduction conditions, as known in the prior art, have to be applied; or, if a simultaneous reduction of these groups is desired or required, vigorous reagents and/or conditions are employed accordingly.

3~3'~
_ I _ For process i) a group R4 conv~rtlble to 2-amlnoethyl is e.g.
2-nltroethyl, cyanomethyl, 2-azidoethyl, 2-carbamoylethyl, 2-hydra~lnocarbonylethyl, 2-az$docarbonylethyl or 2-acylaminoethyl (advant~geoualy 2-~banzyloxycarbonylamino)ethyl, or 2-lower alkanoyla~inoethyl), or vinyl; or the group (c~2)zZ5 whersln I is a group convertible to amino by substitution such as a reactive e~terlfied group, e.g. halo advantageously broom or idea), acyloxy (advantageously mesyloxy).

Co~srsion of the group R4 to 2-amlnoethyl is carried out according to methods well-known on the art. For example 2-n$troethyl, cyan-ethyl and 2-azidoethyl are converted to anthill by reduction, such as catalytic hydrogenation in an inert solvent. A group (Chihuahuas it converted to 2-aminoethyl by e.g. condensation with putts phthalimide and subsequent liberation of thy free amino group a well-known in the art, or with chlorine. A vinyl group Jay be converted to 2-aminoethyl by erg. treatment with diborane in an inert solvent arch as tetrahydsofuran followed by trest~ent with chlorine. 2-Acylaminoethyl is converted to 2-a~inos~hyl by method described under removal of amino protecting groups. corbel-ethyl, 2-hydrazinocarbonylethyl, 2-azidocarbonylethyl are converted to anthill under conditions of the ~ell-~nown Quartile degrade-lion via an isoryanate inter~ediats.

Thy starting compounds ox formula XIII art prepared e.g. by prowesses a, b), c), e), I by replacing a alerting material of formula IIIA, IV, Y, VII, IX or X by the corresponding compound wherein Al rspreDent~ (Chaucer .

or process I) R5 and I represent advantageously a group convert table into car boxy, e.g. eat0rifled car boxy group, car boxy group in form of their anhytride~, including corresponding group of aDy~atrical and inner android, amidated car boxy group, amidino group including cyclic a~ldlno group inoether group Including cyclic i~inoether group, go 2-ox~zolinyl or dihydro-2-oxasollnyl groups ~ub~tltuted by lower alkyd, and also hydroxy~ethyl, ether-So fled hydroxymethyl, esterified hydroxymethyl (such as lower all~anoyloxymethyl), trialkoxymethyl, acutely, trihaloacetyl, halornethyl, formal, dip lower alkoxymethyl, or vinyl.

The conversion of R and/or R in process j) into the car boxy group it accomplished by methods which are known per so, and as described herein and in the examples, e.g. by solvolysis such as hydrolysis or acidolysis (for e.g. amidated and esterified car boxy groups), by reduction (for e.g. esterified car boxy groups). For example in-chloroethyl or 2-iodoethyl ester may be converted into the carboxylic acid by reduction, e.g. with zinc and a carboxylic acid in the presence of water. Bouncily esters or nitrobenzyl esters may be converted into the car boxy group by catalytic hydrogenation, the latter also with chemical reducing agents, ego sodium dithionite or with zinc and a carboxylic acid. A tert-butyl ester may be cleaved with ~rifluoroacetic acid.

Furthermore compounds of formula XIV wherein R and/or R represents acutely may be oxidatively cleaved to the corresponding compounds of formula I wherein R and R represents hydroxy by conversion first to a compound wherein R and/or R represents trihaloacetyl, e.g. tribromo- or triiodoacetyl, by treatment e.g. with sodium hype-bromide followed by cleavage with e.g. an aqueous base, such as sodium hydroxide.

Compounds of formula XIV wherein R and/or R represents e.g.
hydroxymethyl, esterified and etherified hydroxymethyl, formal, dip lower alkoxymetilyl or alkylenedioxymethyl (formal protected in the form of an acutely, e.g. the dim ethyl acutely), are oxidized with a suitable oxidizing agent to the corresponding compound of formula I wherein R and/or R represents hydroxy.

Compounds of formula XIV wherein R and/or R represents vinyl may be converted co compounds of formula I wherein R and/or R
represents hydroxy, by e.g. first ozonolyzing to compounds of ~2~S3~

formula XIV wherein R and/or R represents formal, which are in turn oxidized to compounds of formula I wherein R and/or R
represents hydroxy.

Ilyclrolysis of intermediates of formula XIV wherein R and/or R
represents trialkoxymethyl to compounds of formula I wherein R
anchor R is hydroxy is advantageously carried out with inorganic acids such as hydraulic or sulfuric acid.

The starting materials of formula XIV are prepared by e.g. processes a), b), c), e), f) by replacing a starting material of formula II, IIIA, IIIB, IV, V, VI, VII, IX, X by the corresponding compound wherein CUR and/or CUR represents R and/or R respectively.

The removal of the amino and car boxy protecting groups according to process k) is carried out by conventional methods.

The removal and nature of amino protecting groups Z and Z is described hereinabove. The car boxy protecting groups Z and Z3 represent various residues of the alcohol portion of moo- or divesters of the dicarboxylic acid of formula I wherein R and R
represent hydroxy.

The free carboxyl group can be liberated from an esterified carboxyl in a manner generally known, especially by base-catalyzed hydra-louses. Of special interest, however, are methods capable of selectively liberating one particular carboxyl group represented by the symbols -CUR and -CUR . In such a case, use can be made of a proper combination of ester groups known in the art especially as carboxyl-protecting groups and developed in a great variety in particular for the synthesis of peptizes, cf. Hobnail, Volumes 15/I and 15/II as cited hereinabove. Radicals suitable for selective removal with liberation of the carboxyl are esters derived, for example, from alcohols that yield radicals that can be removed by acidolysis, such as cyanomethyl alcohol, benzoylmethyl alcohol or tert-butyl alcohol, but especially alcohols that yield radicals ~;~f~53~7 which can be removed by reduction, such as 2,2,2-tr;chloroethanol, bouncily alcohol, and especially 4-nitrobenzyl alcohol, or alter-natively isonicotinyl alcohol. An especially advantageous class of substituted alkanols are ethyl alcohols which carry in the possession a tri-substituted sill group, such as triphenylsilyl, dimethyl-tert-butylsilyl or, especially, trimethylsilyl. As is described, for example, in Belgian Patent No. 851,576, these alcohols are particularly suitable for selective removal because the corresponding ~-silylethyl esters, for example ~-(trimethylsilyl) ethyl esters, have the stability of customary alkyd esters but can be selectively removed under mild conditions by the action of fluoride ions while retaining other esterified carboxyl groups! for example alkoxycarbonyl groups.

The removal of esterifying groups depends on their nature and is carried out in each case in a conventional manner known per so taking into consideration the properties of the other radicals involved. The groups that can be removed by reduction, especially those that contain halogenated lower alkyd radicals (for example 2,2,2-trichloroethyl radicals), isonicotinyl radicals (for example isonicotinyloxycarbonyl) and optionally substituted bouncily radicals, especially ~-nitrobenzyl radicals of any kind, are preferably removed by zinc reduction, usually in the presence of an acid, preferably acetic acid, and with or without the addition of an inert organic solvent, usually at room temperature, those of the bouncily-type, especially unsubstituted bouncily esters, also by hydrogenolysis techniques conventionally used for bouncily groups.

The removal of an esterifying group by acid hydrolysis tacidolysis) can be carried out especially in the case of the tert-butyl type, by means of hydrogen chloride, hydrogen fluoride or trifluoroacetic acid. The beta~silylethyl esterifying groups are preferably removed by fluoride-ion-yielding reagents, for example fluorides of qua ternary organic bases, such as tetraethylammonium fluoride.
Esters that are base-unstable can be carefully cleaved by the rapid action of an aqueous sodium or potassium bicarbonate solution or, I

preferably, aqueous ammonia in an organic solvent, usually at room temperature. The esterifying groups are preferably removed under the reaction conditions of the examples, or under analogous conditions.

proper combination of the esterifyir-g groups can be chosen in the earlier stages of the synthesis by a proper choice of starting mclterials and reactants; e.g. in process a), a selectively cleavable esterifying group is introduced with the car boxy which is to be liberated in the last stage.

The starting materials of formula XV are prepared according to above described processes for the preparation of compounds of formula I
starting with the compounds wherein the respective amino and/or car boxy groups are protected by zl_z4 For esterification, a carboxylic acid can be reacted directly with a diazoalkane, especially diazomethane, or with a corresponding alcohol in the presence of a strong acid catalyst (e.g. sulfuric acid or an organic sulfonic acid) and/or a dehydrating agent (e.g.
dicyclohexylcarbodiimide). alternatively, the carboxylic acid can be converted into a reactive derivative thereof, such as an active ester mentioned in connection with process e), or into a mixed android, e.g. with an acid halide (i.e., especially an acid chloride), and this activated intermediate reacted with the desired alcohol.

The protecting groups are preferably removed under the reaction conditions of the examples or under analogous conditions.

In performing the interconversion of an intermediate or final product into another intermediate or final product, transformations such as the following are carried out: an amino group is alkylated, and/or an ox group is converted into hydroxy (plus hydrogen) or into two hydrogen by reduction, and/or hydroxy is converted into hydrogen by reduction, and/or a free car boxy group is liberated from its esterified form by hydrolysis or hydrogenolysis, and/or an amino group is assaulted and/or free car boxy is esterified, and/or amino is converted to ox.

Conversion of compounds of formula I and/or intermediates wherein R
and/or R3 is. e.g. lower alkoxy, aureole lower alkoxy, to compounds of furl I wherein R and/or R represents hydroxy is advantageously carried out by hydrolysis with inorganic acids such as hydraulic or sulfuric acid or with aqueous alkalies preferably alkali metal hydroxides such as lithium or sodium hydroxide.

Compounds of formula I Andre intermediates wherein R and R
represent etherified hydroxy may be converted to monocarboxylic acids of formula I wherein one of R and R is hydroxy. Such conversion is carried out ho selective hydrolytic or hydrogenolytic procedures well known to the art and based on the chemical character of the R and R substituents.

Free carboxylic acids of formula I or internlediates wherein R
and/or R represent hydroxy or salts thereof may be esterified with the appropriate alcohols or reactive derivatives thereof well known to the art to give the corresponding moo- or bis-ester, namely compounds of formula I and/or intermediates wherein R and/or R is e.g. lower alkoxy, aureole lower alkoxy, lower alkanoyloxymethoxy, or lower alkoxycarbonyl lower alkoxy.

Compound of phenol I wherein R represents aminobutyl May be converted to compounds wherein R represents acylaininobutyl, or vice versa, by methods well-known in the art and described hereinabove in connection with protecting groups.

The above mentioned reactions are carried out according to standard methods, in the presence or absence of delineates, preferably such as are inert to the reagents and are solvents thereof, of catalysts, condensing or said other agents respectively and/or inert atoms-I

phones, at low temperatures, room temperature or elevated tempera--lures, preferably at the boiling point of the solvents used, at atmospheric or super atmospheric pressure.

The invention further includes any variant of the present processes, in which an intermediate product obtainable at any stage thereof is used as starting material and the remaining steps are carried out, or the process is discontinued at any stage thereof, or in which the starting materials are formed under the reaction conditions, or in which the reaction components are used in the form of their salts or optically pure antipodes. vainly those starting materials should be used in said reactions, that lead to the formation of those compounds indicated above as being especially useful.

The invention also relates Jo novel starting materials and processes for their manufacture.

depending on the choice of starting materials and methods, the new compounds may be in the form of one of the possible isomers or mixtures thereof, for example, depending on the number of asymmetric carbon atoms, as pure optical isomers, such as antipodes, or as mixtures of optical isomers such as race mates or mixtures of diastereoisomers from which the antipope corresponding to formula I
is isolated.

Resulting mixtures of diastereoisomers and mixtures of race mates can be separated on the basis of the physicochemical differences of the constituents, in known manner, into the pure isomers, duster-isomers or race mates, for example by chromatography and/or fractional crystallization.

Resulting race mates (rhizomic diastereoisomers) can be resolved into the optical antipodes by known methods, Or example by recrystalli-station from an optically active solvent, by means of microorganisms or by reacting an acidic end product with an optically active base that forms salts with the rhizomic acid, and separating the salts 3~'7 obtained in this manner, for example on the bass of their different solubilities, into the diastereoisomers, from which the antipodes can be liberated by the action of suitable agents. Basic rhizomic products can likewise be resolved into the antipodes, for example, by separation of diastereomeric salts thereof, e.g. by the fractional crystallization of d- or l-tartrates. Any rhizomic intermediates or starting materials can likewise be resolved.

The antipope leading to or corresponding to the S,S-stereoisomer of formula I is isolated.

Finally, the compounds of the invention are either obtained in the free form, or as a salt thereof. Any resulting base can be converted into a corresponding acid addition salt, preferably with the use of a pharmaceutically acceptable acid or anion exchange preparation, or resulting salts can be converted into the corresponding free bases, for example, with the use of a stronger base, such as a metal or arnmonium hydroxide or a basic salt, e.g. an alkali metal hydroxide or carbonate, or a cation exchange preparation. A compound of formula I wherein con and/or CUR represent car boxy can thus also be converted into the corresponding metal or ammonium salts. These or other salts, for example, the pirates, can also be used for purification of the bases obtained; the bases are converted into salts, the salts are separated and the bases are liberated from tile salts. In view of the close relationship between the free compounds and the compounds in the form of their salts, whenever a compound is referred to in this context, a corresponding salt is also intended, provided such is possible or appropriate under the circumstances Compounds of formula I wherein CUR and/or CUR represent car boxy may be represented as internal salts.

The compounds, including their salts, can also be obtained in the form of their hydrates, or include other solvents used for the crystallization.

The pharmaceutical compositions according to the invention are those suitable for entirely, such as oral or rectal, and parenteral administration to mammals, including man, for the treatment or prevention of diseases responsive to inhibition of angiotensin-converting ellzyme~ e.g. cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension and congestive heart failure comprising an effective amount of a pharmacologically active compound of formula I, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, alone or in combination with one or more pha~naceutically acceptable carriers.

The pharmacologically active compounds of the invention are useful in the manufacture of pharmaceutical compositions comprising an effective amount thereof in conjunction or admixture with excipients or carriers suitable for either entirely or parenteral application.
Preferred are tablets and gelatin capsules comprising the active ingredient together with a) delineates, e.g. Lactose, dextrose, sucrose, minutely, sorbitol, cellulose and/or Gleason, b) lubricants, e.g. silica, talcum, Starkey acid, its magnesium or calcium salt and/or polyethyleneglycol, for tablets also c) binders, e.g. magnesium aluminum silicate, starch paste, gelatin, tragacanth, methyl cellulose, sodium carboxymethylcellulose and/or polyvinylpyrrolidone, if desired, d) disintegrants, e.g. starches, ajar, alginic acid or its sodium salt, or effervescent mixtures and/or e) absorbents, colorants, flavors and sweeteners. Injectable compositions are preferably aqueous isotonic solutions or sup-pensions, and suppositories are advantageously prepared from fatty emulsions or suspensions. Said compositions may be sterilized and/or contain adjutants, such as preserving, stabilizing, wetting or emulsifying agents, solution promoters, salts for regulating the osmotic pressure and/or buffers. In addition, they may also contain other therapeutically valuable substances. Said compositions are prepared according to conventional mixing, granulating or coating methods, respectively, and contain about 0.1 to 75 I, preferably about 1 to 50 I, of the active ingredient. A unit dosage for a mammal of about 50 to 70 kg may contain between about 1 to 100 my of the active ingredient.

I

- I -The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention and are not to be construed as being limitations thereon. Temperatures are given in degrees Centigrade, and all parts wherever given are parts by weight. If not mentioned otherwise, all evaporations are performed under reduced pressure, preferably between about 15 and 100 snoring.

In compounds of formula I and derivatives wherein two asymmetric centers exist, the diastereoisomeric compound corresponding to formula I is also denoted as isomer B in the said examples. The respective diastereoisomeric compounds are characterized by physical properties, e.g. melting point, relative migration on cremate-graph, infrared, or nuclear magnetic resonance spectral properties.

The symbols A and B have been assigned to the respective isomers on the basis of their relative migration on chromatography. On the basis of migration on thin-layer chromatography and normal phase high pressure liquid chromatography employing silica gel as the stationary phase, the fast moving isomer is called isomer A and the slow moving isomer is called isomer B. On the basis of migration on reverse phase high pressure liquid chromatography the slow moving isomer is called isomer A and the fast moving isomer is called isomer B.

Example 1: A solution of 3-~(5-benzyloxycarbonylamino-1-carboxy)-(IS)-pentylaminoJ-l-carboxymethyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahyddrools)-benzazepin-2-one (Isomer B: 3.77 g) in 80 aqueous ethanol (800 ml) containing 10 palladium on charcoal (0.5 g) is hydrogenated at 3 atmospheres pressure, for 40.5 hours. The catalyst is removed by vacuum filtration through elite and the filter cake is washed well with water. The filtrate is concentrated in vacua. Tulane is added and the mixture is again concentrated in vacua. This process is repeated several times, and the resulting solid is dried at Jo 3~3'7 ~0/0.05 Ho I jive 3-[(5-amino-1-casboxy)-(lS~-pentylamino]-l-carboxy~e~hyl-2,394,5-tetrahydro-lH-1-(3S)-benzazeepin-2-one moo-hydrate, Mop. 179 d0c., Do -174.2 (clue, star).

The starting material it prepared a follows:
A solution of3-smlno-1-e~hoxycarbonylmethyl-2,3,4,5-tatrahydro--lo l-benzazepln-2-one (8 g), acetic acid (0.4 ml), and t-butyl nitrite (4.5 ml) in chloroform (160 Al) it reflexed for 2 hours and cooled to root temperature. m-Chloroperbenzoic cold (6.0 g) it added in puritan with stirring, and stirring it maintained for an additional 30 minutia. The solution it washed with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate (100 I ON hydrochloric acid (50 I and water (50 Al), and dried over magnesium Sulfate. The solvent I
removed under reduced pressure and the residue triturated with ethyl acetate/petroleu~ steer (by foe) to give the ~-~etolact~m a a yellow solid pi 108-1104, used without further pur~flcat~on in the next 9t0p)9 namely 1-ethoxycarbonylmethyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro~
benzazapin-2,3-dione.

To a ~olutlon of l-sthoxycarbonyl~ethyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-lH-l-benzazepin-2,3-dione (11 g), N-~-ben2yloxycarbonylly3ine ethyl ester hydrochloride (14 g), triethyla~ine (6 Al), and dlbutyltin dip chloride I g) in mathylena chloride (600 Al), 4 molecular sieve (50 g) are added. The reaction mixture I stirred and reflexed for 40 hours. After cooling to root Tupperware, thy reaction mixture I filtered through elite and the vent removed under reduced pressure. The residue it dissolved in Methanol (750 ml) and acetic acid (28 ml). Altar 5 into, sodium ~yanoboro-hydrides (3.6 g) in added and the reaction mixture is stirred at room temperature for 72 hours, then acidified my the Qdditlon of concentrated hydrochloric cold (10 I The solution is evaporated to drown to glove an oil which I separated by flash chromatography using ethyl acatate/toluane (9:1) as the aolvant asset. Two discrete fraction are obtained, namely $ I

o a)3-L(5-benzyloxycarbonylamino-1-methoxycarbonyl)-peentylamino]-1-ethoxycarbonylmethyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-lH-l-benzaazepin-2-one (Isomer A); Of = 0.7, NOR (CDC13) 1.47 (m,5H), 3.16 (Molly).

b)3-[(5-benzyloxycarbonylamino-1-methoxycarbonyl)-peentylamino¦-1-ethoxy.arbonylTnethyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-lH-l-benzzazepin-2-one ([sorter B); Of = 0.6, NOR (CDC13) 1.30 (m,5H), 3.06 (m,4H).

. solution of3-~(5-benzyloxycarbonylamino-1-methoxycarbonyl)-(llo)-pentylamino]-l-ethoxycarbonylmethyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahhydrous)-benz3zepin-2-one (Isomer B, 22.6 g) and lo sodium hydroxide (ill ml) in methanol (580 ml) is stirred under nitrogen at room temperature for 19 hours. The solution is concentrated and the residue is partitioned between water (300 ml) and ether (300 ml).
The organic layer is separated and the aqueous layer is washed once more with ether (300 ml). The aqueous layer is then acidified to pi 2.0 with concentrated hydrochloric acid whereupon the product slowly crystallizes. The resulting solid is collected by vacuum filtration, washed well with water, and dried to give 3-L(5-benzyl-oxycarbonylamino-l--carboxy)-(lS)-pentylaminoJ-l-ccarboxymethyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-111-1-(3S)-benzazepin-2-one, mop. 216-218 doe.

Example 2: A solution of 3-~(5-benzyloxycarbonylamino-1-carboxy)-pentylamino]-l-carboxymethyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1111-1-benzazepin-2-one hydrochloride (Isomer B; 0.5 g) in ethanol (200 ml) is hydra-jointed at atmospheric pressure and room temperature using 10~
palladium on charcoal (0.5 g) as catalyst until uptake of hydrogen ceased. The catalyst is filtered off and washed with water. The combined filtrates are evaporated and the resulting solid no-crystallized from methanol ether to give the Amman-carboxy)-pentylaminoJ-l-carboxymethyl-2,3,4,5-tetrRyder-benzazepirl-2-one hydrochloride (Isomer B); mop. 148-150 (deco-position). JO = -112 (c = 0.75, water), representing the compound with the SO stereochemistry. (The free compound is designated in the following examples as "product").

3~'7 The starting material is prepared as follows:
To a solution of 3-C(5-benzyloxycarbonylamino-1-methoxycarbonyl)-pentylamino]-l-ethoxycarbonylmetllyl-2,3,4,5-tetraallydro-lH-l-benzazepin-2-one (Isomer A: 1.5 g) in methanol (60 ml) at 0 is added I aqueous sodium hydroxide (5 ml), and the reaction mixture is stirred at room temperature for 18 hours. The solution is acidified with 2 N hydrochloric acid and evaporated to dryness ethanol (25 ml) is added and the solution evaporated to dryness The resulting white solid is stirred with ethylene chloride (30 ml), and the remaining solid filtered off. This material is stirred with ethylene chloride (30 ml), and filtered. The combined ethylene chloride solutions are evaporated and the resulting solid triturated with ether and filtered to give 3-~(5-benzyloxycarbonylamino-1-carboxy)-pentylamino~-l-carboxymethyl-2~3l4l5-tetrredrill benzazepin-2-one hydrochloride (Isomer A), mop. 123-126;
LID = 106 (c = 1, methanol).

Similarly,3-[(5-benzyloxycarbonylamino-1-methoxycarbonyl)-peentoil-amino~-l-ethoxycarbonylmethyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-llH-l-benzazepin-2-one (Isomer B) yields 3-[~5-benzyloxycarbonylamino-1-carboxy)-pentylamino~-l-carboxymethyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-lHH-l-benzazepin-2-one hydrochloride (Isomer B), mop. 107-110 1 [ED = -88 (C =
1.26, methanol assigned 'he SO stereochemistry.

example 3: A solution of 3-r(5-amino-1-methoxycarbonyl)-(lS)-pentyl-amino~-1-ethoxycarbonylmethyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-llH-1-(3S)-benz-azep.n-2-one (1.5 g) in ON hydrochloric acid (100 ml) is reflexed for 18 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere. The reaction mixture is evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure and the residue triturated with ethyl acetate ~10 ml) to give the product as the dihydrochloride salt.

The starting material is prepared as follows:
A solution of3-[(5-benzyloxycarbonylamino-1-methoxycarbonyl)-(1us)-pentylamino]-l-ethoxycarbonylmethyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahhydrolyze)-. benzazepin-2-one (1.5 g) in ethanol (250 ml) is exhaustively I
- I -hydrogenated at root Tartar and atmo~ph~rlc pressure using 10%
palladium on charcoal (0.5 I) as cat~lyat. The catalyst pa filtered off and washed with ethanol (100 ml3, 50% aqueous ethanol (100 ml) and water (100 I The combined filtrates are evaporated under reduced prosier and the resulting solid triturated with ether to give the alerting material.

Example 4: A solution of Allen arboxy)-(lS)-p~ntylaminol-l-~thoxycarbonylmethyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro lH-1-(3S)-benzazapin-2-on~
hydrochloride (2 g) in ON hydrochloric acid ~150 ml) it reflexed for 18 hour under a nitrogen atmosphere. The reaction mixture MY
evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure and the residue 13 triturated with ethyl acetate (15 I to give the product a the dlhydrochlDrld~ salt.

The starling material I prepared as follow:
The alerting 3-[(5-benzyloxycarbo~ylamlno-1-tobutyloxycarbonyl))-(lS)-pentyla~lno~ ethoxycarbonyl~ethyl-2,3,4,5 tetrahedral ( 3S)-beDZaZepiTI-2-One it pr~parQd essentially according to thy method in example 1 by condensation of l-~thoxycarbonylmsthyl-2,3,4,5-t~rahydro-lH-l-b0nzazepln-2,3-dlone and N-~-benzyloxy-carbonylly~in~ t-butyl aster.

Thy startingl-etho~ycarbonyl~ethyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1~-1-benno-azapln-2,3-dlone Jay also be prepared as follow:

3-Azldo-2,3,4,5-t~trahydro-lH-l-benzazepin-2-one (5.0 go it added portions under nitrogen to potaaslum tert-butoxid0 ~3.03 kg) in dry tetrahydrofuran (50 llt~rs) at arch a fate that thy t0~perature 19 ~alntalned below 5, and the reaction mixture is steelyard for 1 hour altar the addition it completed. A ~olutlon of ethyl broom-acetate (4.38 go in tetrahydrofuran (5 literal it then added slowly a a to maintain the typewriter below 5. Thy reaction mixture it than stored at room temperature overnight. Flickered (1,5 kg of Hiflo~) 1B added, and thy r~sction mixture it filtered. The fitter caky 13 Woody with tetrahydrofuran and thy combined tetrahydrofuran I. . " ! Jo i ~2~397 solution is evaporated to dynes to give 3-azido-1-ethoxycarbonyl-methyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-11~-1-benzazepin-2-one which is used without further purification in the next step.

Lye reaction mixture of 3-azido-1-ethoxycarbonylmethyl-2,3,4,5-tetrah~dro-lH-l-benzazepin-2-one (13.98 kg) and 5 palladium on carbon (1.3 kg) in an hydrous ethanol (57 liters) is hydrogenated under 3 atmospheres pressure of hydrogen for 5 hours. The pressure reactor is vented at hourly intervals to remove the accumulated nitrogen. The catalyst is removed by filtration and washed with ethanol. The solution is evaporated to dryness to give 3-amino-1-ethoxycarbonylmethyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-lH-l-benzaazepin-2-one.

bottle nitrite (31 ml) is added with stirring to a solution of 3-amino-1-ethoxycarbonylmethyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro--lH-l-benzazepin-2-one (55 g) in chloroform (1000 ml) and acetic acid (2.8 ml). The reaction mixture is reflexed under nitrogen for 3.5 hours, and then cooled to 0 . Nile stirring is maintained m-chloroperbenzoic acid I 5 g) is added in five portions during 0.5 hour. The reaction mixture is allowed to warm to room temperature and stirred for an additional 1.5 hours. The reaction mixture is washed with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate (500 ml), concentrated aqueous ammonia (2x250 ml), and saturated brine (250 ml). The organic solution is dried over sodium sulfate, treated with charcoal, and evaporated under reduced pressure to give an oil which is triturated with ether to givel-ethoxycarbonylmethyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-lH-l-bennzazepin-Dunn, mop. 112-114~.

wry hydrogen chloride gas is bubbled through a solution of 3--~(5-benzyloxycarbonylamino-1-t-butyloxycarbonyll)-(15)-pentylamino]-l-ethoxycarbonylmethyl-2,3,4,5-tetrallydro-111-1-((3S)-benzazepin-2-one (2.8 g) in ethyl acetate (150 ml) until TLC analysis indicates that no starting material has remained. The solvent is removed under reduced pressure and the residue triturated with ether to give 3-C(5-benzyloxycarbonylamino-1-carboxy)-(lS)-pentyylamino]-l-ethoxy-~2~39~

carbonylmethyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-111-1-(3S)-bellzzazepin-2-one hydrochloride, mop. 124-126 wit decomposition, Do -116 (c = 1, methallol ) .

solution of3-[(5-benzyloxycarbonylamino-1-carboxy)-(lS)-pentyye-amino~-l-ethoxycarbonylmethyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-llH-1-(3S)-benz-azepin-2-one hydrochloride (0.9 g) in ethanol (100 ml) is hydrogen-axed exhaustively at room temperature and atmospheric pressure using Pd-C (0.5 g) as catalyst. The catalyst is filtered off and the solvent removed under reduced pressure to give Amman carboxy)-(lS)-pentylamino~-l-ethoxycarbonylmethyl--twitter-hydro-111-1-(3S)-benzazepin-2-one hydrochloride, mop. 123-125, LID = -141 (C = 1, methanol).

Example 5: Preparation of the product as the dihydrochloride salt from3-[(5-amino--1-rnethoxycarbonyl)-(lS)-pentylamino]]-l-carboxy-methyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-lH-1-(3S)-benzazepin-2-oone hydrochloride using the procedure described in Example 3.

The starting material is prepared as follows:
3-[(5-benzyloxycarbonylamino-1-methoxycarbonyl)-(llS)-pentylamino~
benzyloxycarbonylmethyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-lH-1-(33S)-benzazepin-2-one hydrochloride, mop. 61-63 ED = -58 (c = 1, methanol), is prepared according to the previous examples by condensation of N-~-benzyloxycarbonyllysine methyl ester and l-benzyloxycarbonyl-methyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-11-l-1-benzazepin-2,3-ditone, mop. 106-108.
The ~-ketolactam is prepared using methodology previously described by oxidation of 3-amino-1-benzyloxycarbonylmethyl-2,3,4,5-tetra-hydro-lll-l-benzazepin-2-one.

3-[(5-benzyloxycarbonylamino-1-1nethoxycarbonyl)-((lS)-pentylamino]-l-benzyloxycarbonylmethyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-lH-1--(3S)-benzazepin-2-one hydrochloride is hydrogenated by the procedure described in Example 2 to give the starting material.

I

Example 6: Preparation ox the product as the hydrochloride salt from 3-[(5-benzyloxycarbonylamino-1-benzyloxycarbonyl)--(lS)-pentylamino~-l-carboxymethyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1~1-1-(3S)-benzzazepin-2-one using the procedure described in Example 1. The starting material is prepared by hydrolysis of the corresponding ethyl ester (see Example 3).

example 7: Preparation ox the product as the hydrochloride salt from 3-[(5-benzyloxycarbonylamino-1-carboxy)-(lS)-pentyylamino~-l-benzyl-oxycarbonylmethyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-lH-1-(3S)-bennzazepin-2-one hydrochloride using the procedure described in Example 2. The starting material is prepared by hydrolysis of the corresponding ethyl ester.

Example 8: Preparation of the product from 3-[(5-benzyloxycarbonyl-amino-l-benzyloxycarbonyl)-(lS)-pentylamino¦-l-berr1zyloxycarbonyl-methyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-lH-1-(3S)-benzazepin-2-oone using the procedure described in Example 1. The starting material is prepared as in example 1.

Example 9: A Solon of 3-~(5-benzyloxycarbonylamino-1-ethoxy-carbonyl)-(lS)-pentylamino~-l-benzyloxycarbonylmetthey'll-tetrahydro-11-1-1-(3S)-benzazepin-2-one hydrochloride (2.0 g) in absolute ethanol (150 ml) is exhaustively hydrogenated using 10 Pd-C (1.0 g) as catalyst. The catalyst is filtered off and the solvents removed under reduced pressure to give a residue which is triturated with ether to give 3-~(5-amino-1-ethoxycarbonyl)-(lS)-pentylamino]-l-carboxymethyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1111-1-(3S)-benz-azepin-2-one hydrochloride, mop. 85-87, [and = -149 (c = 1, methanol ) .

It the hydrogenolysis is carried out in the presence of one add-tonal mole equivalent of hydrogen chloride, the corresponding dihydrochloride salt is obtained, mop. 203-205, [and = -143 (c = 1.3, ethanol).

Example 10: The following procedure is used for selective hydrolysis_ of divesters to the corresponding l-carboxymethyl compounds:

The divester is dissolved in ethanol and treated with one-molar equivalent of aqueous potassium hydroxide, and the reaction mixture is stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. The solvents are removed under reduced pressure and water is added to the residue. The aqueous solution is washed with ether, acidified with hydrochloric acid to liberate the free amino acid which is isolated by extraction and converted to the hydrochloride salt.

The following compounds are prepared:

a)3-~(5-benzyloxycarbonylamino-1-methoxycarbonyl)-(llS)-pentyl-amino~-l-carboxymethyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-lH-1-(355)-benzazepirle-2-one llydrochlorjde, mop. 102-104, CUD = -116 (c = 1, methanol) by hydrolysis of the corresponding l-ethoxycarbonylmethyl derivative;

b)3-r(5-benzyloxycarbonylamino-1-ethoxycarbonyl)-(lSS)-pentyl-amino~-l-carboxymethyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-lH-1-(3SS)-benzazepin-2-one hydrochloride, mop. 104-106 , D = -113 (c = 1, methanol) by hydrolysis of the corresponding l-ethoxycarbonylmethyl derivative.

These compounds are converted to the corresponding compounds with a liberated amino group according to the method described in Example 2.

Example 11: A solution of l-ethoxycarbonylmethyl-3-(2-oxo-2,3,4,-5,6,7-hexahydro-lH-(3S)-azepin-3-yl)-amino-2,3,4,5tetrahedral-1-(3S)-benzazepin-2-one (1.3 g) in ON hydrochloric acid (150 ml) is reflexed for 42 hours. The reaction mixture is evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure and the residue boiled with ethyl acetate (50 ml) for 5 minutes. After cooling to room temperature the solid is filtered off and boiled with ethyl acetate (5 ml) for 5 minutes.
The solid is filtered off to give the product as the dihydrochloride salt.

aye The starting material is prepared by reaction of l-ethoxycarbonyl-methyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-lH-l-benzazepine-2,3-dioone and 3-(S)-arnino--caprolactam as described in Example 1.

Example 12: Hydrogen chloride gas is bubbled for 15 minutes through a solution of3-[(5-amino-1-t-butyloxycarbonyl)-(lS)-pentylaminooily-carboxymethyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-11~-1-(3S)-benzazzepin-2-one (2.1 g) in ethanol (75 ml) maintained at room temperature. The resulting solid is filtered off, dried under high vacuum, then triturated with ethyl acetate (10 ml) to give the product as the dihydrochloride salt.

The starting material is prepared by reaction of l-benzyloxy-carbonylmethyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-lH-l-benzazepineeden with (S)-N--benzyloxycarbonyllysine-t-butylester followed by hydrogen-anion of the reaction product as described in Example 1.

Example 13: A solution of N-~-Cl-carboxy-3-(2-carboxymethylamino-phenyl)-propyl]-(S)-lysine (0.7 g) and dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (0.4 g) in dimethylformamide (15 ml) is maintained at room tempera-lure for 18 hours. The reaction mixture is filtered and the filtrate evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure. The residue is stirred with water (10 ml) and filtered and this process is repeated with additional volumes of water (2 x 10 ml). The combined aqueous solutions are extracted with ethyl acetate (3 x 50 ml) and then acidified with excess ON hydrochloric acid. The solution is evaporated under reduced pressure and the residue triturated with ethyl acetate (2 x 10 ml) to give the product as the dihydrochloride salt.

The starting material is prepared by the following sequence of reactions:
A solution of deathly acetamidomalonate (33.2 g) in ethanol (150 ml) is added to a solution of sodium ethoxide in ethanol Prepared from sodium (3.9 g) and ethanol (200 my The reaction mixture is stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes and a solution of 2--nitrophenethyl bromide Jo Med. Chum. 20, 1020 ~1977), 40.0 go in ethanol (100 ml) is added drops during 20 minutes. After addition is complete, the reaction mixture is reflexed for 18 hours, then cooled to room temperature and evaporated under reduced pressure.
The residue is dissolved in water (350 ml) and the solution extract ted with ethyl acetate (2 x 350 ml). The combined ethyl acetate extracts are washed with water (200 ml) and dried over magnesium sulfate. removal of the solvent under reduced pressure gives diechyl 2-acetamido-2--(2-nitrophenethyl)malonate as a low melting solid, used without further purification for the next synthetic step.

A solution of deathly 2-acetamido-2-(2-nitrophenethyl)-malonate (80 g) in ON hydrochloric acid (900 ml) is reflexed for 12 hours.
The solution is cooled and extracted with ethyl acetate (200 ml).
The aqueous solution is filtered and evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure. The residue is recrystallized from ethanol/ether to jive 2-amino-4-(2-nitrophenyl)butyric acid hydrochloride, mop.
219-221 (doe).

A solution of 2-amino-4-(2-nitrophenyl)butyric acid hydrochloride (38.0 g) in 10,~ ethanolic hydrogen chloride (1200 ml) is reflexed with stirring for 18 hours. The reaction mixture is evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure, water (250 ml) is added, and the aqueous solution made basic by the addition of ON sodium hydroxide.
The solution is extracted with dichloromethane (2 x 500 ml), and the combined dichloromethane solutions are washed with water (2 x 150 ml), and dried over an hydrous magnesium sulfate. Evapora-lion gives ethyl 2-amino-4-(2-nitrophenyl)butyrate, used without further purification for the next synthetic step.

To a solution of ethyl 2-amino-4-(2-nitrophenyl)butyrate (17.4 g) in aqueous Dixon (130 ml) is added triethylamine (10.5 g) and 2-(cert-butyloxycarbonyloxyimino)-2-phenylacetonittrite (18.7 g). The reaction mixture is stirred at room temperature for 4 hours and then diluted with water (300 ml). The mixture is extracted with ether (2 x 150 ml) and the aqueous phase acidified with ice-cold ON
hydrocIlloric acid and extracted with ethyl acetate (2 x 250 ml)0 The ethyl acetate layers are combined, washed with water (150 ml) and dried over sodium sulfate. The solvent is removed under reduced pressure to give Ethyl 2-t~butyIoxycarbonylamino-4-(2-nitrophenyl)-bitterroot, used without further purification.

A solution of ethyl 2-t-butyloxycarbonylamino-4-(2-nitropIlenyl)-bitterroot (13.0 g) in ethanol (300 ml) is hydrogenated at room temperature and atmospheric pressure, using 10 palladium on charcoal (1 g) as catalyst, until uptake ceases. The catalyst is filtered off. Evaporation of the solvent gives ethyl 2-t-butyloxy-carbonylamino-4-(2-aminophenyl)butyrate which is used without further purification for the next step.

A solution of ethyl 2-t-butyloxycarbonylamino-4-(2-aminophenyl)-bitterroot (10.0 g) and ethyl glyoxylate (4.2 g) in ethanol (120 ml) is hydrogenated at 80 and 3 atmospheres pressure for 72 hours using palladium on charcoal (3 g) as catalyst. The reaction mixture is cooled to room temperature and the catalyst filtered off. The solvent is removed under reduced pressure and the residue disturb-ted between ethyl acetate (150 ml) and water (75 ml). The organic phase is dried over sodium sulfate and the solvent removed under reduced pressure to give ethyl 2-t-buty~oxycarbonylamino-4-~2-(ethoxycarbonylmethylamino)-phenyl]butyrate which is used without further purification for the next step.

IIydrogen chloride gas is bubbled through a solution of ethyl 2-t-butyloxycarbonylamino-4-[2-(ethoxycarbonylmethhylamino)-phenyl]-bitterroot (8.5 g) in ethyl acetate (lS0 ml) for 30 minutes at room temperature. The solution is evaporated under reduced pressure and the residue dissolved in ethyl acetate (100 ml). The solution is washed with water (3 x 100 ml) and dried over sodium sulfate. The solvent is removed under reduced pressure to give ethyl 2-amino-4-[2-(ethoxycarbonylmethylamino)phenyl]butyrate used without further purification for the next step.

53~

The resulting product is reacted with ~-oxo-N-~:-benzyloxycarbonyl-hexanoic acid methyl ester (Tetrahedron Letters 1982, 1875) according to the method described in Example 1. Hydrolysis of the ester groups as described in Example 3 followed by hydrogenation as described in Example I gives the starting material used for the preparation of Example 13.

IExall)ple_14: A solution of 3-[(4-cyano-1-carboxy)-(lS)-butylamino]-l-carboxymethyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-111-1-(3S)-benzazzepin-2-one hydra-chloride (0.9 g) in 10,~ ethanolic ammonia (75 ml) is exhaustively hydrogenated in a Parr apparatus at 2.5 atmospheres pressure, using 5% rhodium on alumina (1 g) as catalyst. The catalyst is filtered off and the filtrate evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure.
The residue is dissolved in ON hydrochloric acid and again evapora-ted and then treated with ethyl acetate (10 ml) to give the product as the dihydrochloride.

The starting material is prepared by first preparing sunnily-aminopentanoic acid by the procedure of I. Lucy et at, Act Chimp Aged. Sat. Hung. 85, 201 (1975). This substance is converted to the ethyl ester using ethyl iodide in the presence of sodium bicarbonate in dimethylacetamide. This material is reacted with l-ethoxycarbo-nyl-methyl-2,3,~,5-tetrahydro-lH-l-benzazepine-2,3Dunn as described in Example 1 and hydrolyzed to the cyano-diacid as described in Example 3.

Example 15: A solution of 3-C(l-carboxy-5-nitro)-(lS)-pentylamino]--l-carboxymethyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-111-1-(3S)-benzzazepin-2-one hydrochloride (1.3 g) in ethanol (100 ml) is exhaustively hydra-jointed at room temperature and atmospheric pressure using platinum oxide (0.5 g) as catalyst. The catalyst is filtered off and ON
hydrochloric acid (25 ml) is added. The solution is evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure and the resulting solid triturated with ethyl acetate (5 ml) to give the dihydrochloride salt of the product.

rho starting material is obtained by firs preparing L-6-nitro-2-aminohexanoic acid by the method of E. Bayer and I. Schmidt, Tetrahedron Letters, 2051 (1973). this substance is further processed in the same manner as the cyano-derivative described in example 14.

Example 16: Preparation of the product as the dihydrochloride salt from 3C(5-acetylamino-1-carboxy)-(lS)-pentylamino~-l-carboxy-methyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-lH-1-(3S)-benzazepin-2-oone using the procedure described in Example 11.

The starting material is prepared by exhaustively hydrogenating a solution ox3-r(l-carboxy-4-cyano)-(lS)-butylamino]-l-carboxymmethyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-lH-1-(3S)-benzazepin-2-one (see Example 14 for preparation at room temperature and 3.4 atmospheres using Rangy nickel catalyst prepared as described by FOE. Gould et at., J Org.
Chum. 25, 1658 (1960).

Example 17: Preparation of the product as the dihydrochloride salt _ from3-C(5-amino-l-carboxy)-(lS)-pentylamino~-l-cyanomeethyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-lU-1-(3S)-bellzazepin-2-one using the procedure described in Example 11.

Toe starting material is prepared by first alkylating Acadia-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-lU-l-benzazepin-2-one with bromoacetonitrile and then reduced to the 3-amino-nitrile by the procedure described in Example 4. Oxidation to l-cyanomethyl-2~3~4,5-tetrahydro-lH-l-benzazepine-2,3-dione is accomplished by the procedure given in Example 1. Condensation with r-benzyloxycarbonyl-L-lysine ethyl ester, removal of the benzyloxycarbonyl group and hydrolyzing the ester function are achieved by the procedures given in Examples 1 and 3.

it Example 18: To a solution of 3-[(l-carboxy)-(lS)-4-pentenylamino]-1-carboxymethyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-lH-1-(3S)-benzazeepin-2-one hydra-chloride (0.6 g) in tetrahydrofuran (75 rnl), stirring under an atmosphere of dry nitrogen, is added a solution of borne in tetrahydrofuran Lo M, 0.6 nil), injected with a syringe. After I
hour at room temperature water (1 ml) is added, followed by ON
aqueous sodium hydroxide (3 ml) and freshly prepared 0.31 21 color-amine solution (4 ml). after 1 hour at room temperature the reaction mixture is acidified by the addition of ON hydrochloric acid. The resulting precipitate is filtered off, washed with ethyl acetate/
tetrahydrofuran (1:1; 3 x 10 ml) and triturated with ethyl acetate (10 ml) to give the product as the dihydrochloride salt.

The starting material is prepared as follows:
2-Amino-5-hexenoic acid is prepared by the method of Smith and Drink water Jo Chum. Sock 1305 (1971)~1. This substance is esterified using ethyl iodide in the presence of sodium bicarbonate in dip methylacetamide and condensed with l-ethoxycarbonylmethyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-lll-l-benzazepine-2,3-dione by the method described in Example 1. Hydrolysis of the ethyl ester using the procerlure described in Example 3 gives the starting material.

Example 19: A solution of 0.60 g of 1-ethoxycarbonylmethyl-3-(2-oxo-2,3,4,5,6,7-hexahydro-11i-(3S)-azepin -3-yl)-amino-2,3,4,5-tetra-hydro-lH-1-(3S)-benzazepin-2-one in 20 ml of ON hydrochloric acid is heated under reflex overnight. The solution is cooled and evaporated to dryness to yield 3-~(5-amino-1-carboxy)-(lS)-pentylamino~-l-carboxymethyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-lH-1-(3S)-benzazeepill-2-one dodder-chloride, [cud -136.9 (1 Jo in lo hydrochloric acid).

The diilydrochloride salt of the product is converted into the product by treatment with propylenoxyide in ethanol at room telnperature over night.

I

The starting material is prepared as follows:
A solu~iorl of 15.3 g of 3-bromo-1-echoxycarbonylmethyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahedral benzazepin-2-one and 30 g of kimono-caprolactam in 400 ml of acetonitrile is heated under reflex for I hours. The reaction mixture is cooled to room temperature, filtered, and eke filtrate is evaporated to dryness. The residue is dissolved in 200 ml methyletle chloride, the ethylene chloride solution is washed with 2 x 200 ml of water and then extracted with 2 x 100 ml of ON hydrochloric acid. The acidic extract is neutral-Zen to pit 8 by addition of solid potassium carbonate. extraction with ethylene chloride, yields l-ethoxycarborlylmethyl-3-(2-oxo-2,3,4,5,6,7-hexahydro-lH-(3S)-azepin -3-yl)-amino-2,3,4,5-tetra-hydro-lH-1-benzazepin-2-one as a mixture of diastereoisomers. The crude product is recrystallized from methanol to yield l-ethoxy-carbonylmethyl-3-(2-oxo-2,3,4,5,6,7-hexahydro-lH-((saucepan-3-yl)-amino-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-lH-1-(3S)-benzazepiin-2-one, mop. 148-150.

Example 20: A mixture of 1.0 g of 3-~(5-amino-1-carboxy)-(lS)-pentylamino]-l-carboxymethyl-2,3-dihydro-lH-1-(3S))-benzazepin-2-one and 120 my of palladium black in 35 ml of absolute ethanol is hydrogenated at 3 atmospheres pressure until 1 mole equivalent of hydrogen is consumed. The resulting reaction mixture is freed of catalyst and evaporated to dryness to give 3-[(5-amino-1-carboxy)-(lS)-pentylamino~ carboxymethyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-lH-1-(3S)-benzazepin-2-one.

The starting material is prepared as follows:
A solution of 0.4 g of 3-(S)-t-butyloxycarbonylamino-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-lH-l-benzazepin-2,5-dione, prepared from L-kynurenine as described in Australian J. Chemistry Vol. 33, 633-40 (1980), and ethyl bromoacetate (0.23 g) in dry tetrahydroEuran (30 ml) is stirred at 0 under a dry nitrogen atmosphere. Potassium t-butoxide (0.254 g) is added in one portion. After 1 hour at 0, an additional quantity of ethyl bromoacetate (0.23 g) is added and the reaction mixture is stirred at 0 for 1 hour. Water (100 ml) is added and the 53~

mixture is extracted with ethyl acetate (2 x 50 ml). The combined ethyl acetate solutions are washed with water (100 ml) and dried over magnesium sulfate. Removal of the solvent under reduced pressure gives a yellow gum which on trituration with ether/-petroleum ether (by 30-60) gives 3-(S)-t-butyloxycarbonylamino-I-ethoxycarbonylmethyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-lH-I-bennzazepin-2,5-dione, mop 86-88, = -203 (c = 1 in dimethylformamide).

A solution of3-(S)-t-butyloxycarbonylamino-l-etlloxycarbonylmetthy-2,3,4,$-tetrahydro-lH-1-benzazepin-2,5-dione (0.14 g) and sodium bordered (7 my) in ethanol (10 ml) is stirred at room temperature for 18 hours. The ethanol is removed under reduced pressure, and the residue dissolved in dichloromethane (25 ml). The solution is extracted with ON Hal (2 x 20 ml) and saturated brine (20 molt and dried over sodium sulfate. The solvent is removed under reduced pressure, and the residue triturated with ether to give sty butyloxycarbonylamino-l-ethoxycarbonylmethyl-5-hyddroxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-lH-I-benzazep;n-2-one, mop. 167-169.5C, ED = -1~3 (c = 0.52 in dimethylformarnide). The substance is also obtained by hydrogenation of the benzazepin-2,5-dione derivative with H2/Pt in ethanol .

A solution of 0.75 g of methanesulfonyl chloride in 2 ml of ethylene chloride is added to a solution of 3-(S)-t-butyloxy-carbonylamino-l-ethoxycarbonylmethyl-5 hydroxy-2,3,4,5-tetra-hydro-lll-l-benzazepin-2-one in 25 ml of ethylene chloride at -5 to -10. A solution of 1.33 g of triethylamine in 8 ml of ethylene chloride is added within 10 ninutes at 0-5 . The resulting solution is stirred at room temperature for 3 days, and washed successively with 0.2N hydrochloric acid, water and dilute sodium bicarbonate solution. The ethylene chloride solution is dried over sodium sulfate and evaporated to dryness to give 3-(S)-t-butyloxy-carbonylamino-l-ethoxycarbonylmethyl-2,3-dihydro-llH-l-benzazepin-2-one.

hydrogen chloride gas is bubbled through a solution of the above residue in ethyl acetate for I hour. Nitrogen is then bubbled through this solution for 30 minutes. The ethyl acetate is washed with water (30 ml) and lo Hal (30 ml). The ethyl acetate layer is discarded and the aqueous phases combined. The aqueous solution is adjusted to pi 9 with dilute ammonium hydroxide, extracted with ethyl acetate the organic phases are combined, dried (sodium sulfate) and evaporated to give after purification Seminole ethoxycarbonylmethyl-2,3-dihydro-111-1-benzazepin--2 -one Condensation of 6-benzyloxycarbonylamino-2-oxo-hexanoic acid in the presence of sodium cyanoborohydride with the 3-(S)-amino-l-ethoxy-carbonylmethyl-2,3-dihydro-lH-l-benzazepin-2-one yields after separation of isomers 3--C(5-benzyloxycarbonylamino-1-carboxy)-(lS)-pentylamino~-l-ethoxycarbonylmethyl-2,3-dihyddrools)-benzazepin-2-one.

Treatment with hydrogen bromide in acetic acid, hydrolysis with aqueous ON hydrochloric acid and conversion to free amino acid yieldsl-carboxymethyl-3-[(5-amino-1-carboxy)-(lS)-pentylLyman-2,3-dihydro-lH-1-(3S)-benzazepin-2-one.

Example 21: A mixture of 1.0 g of 3-~(5-amino-1-carboxy)-(lS)-pentylamino~-l-carboxymethyl-5-chloro-2,3,4,5-tetrrahydro-lH-l-t3S)-benzazepin-2-one and 150 my of palladium black in 35 ml of absolute ethanol is hydrogenated at 3 atmospheres pressure until 1 mole equivalent of hydrogen is consumed. The catalyst is removed by filtration and the solution is evaporated to dryness to yield 3-~(5-amino-1-carboxy)-(lS)-pentylamino~-l-carboxyymethyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-111-1-(3S)-benzazepin-2-one hydrochloride.

The starting material is prepared as follows:

A solution of 1.69 g of thinly chloride in 5 ml of ethylene chloride is added to a solution of 408 g of 3-(S)-t-butyloxy-carbonylamino-l-ethoxycarbonylmethyl-5-hydroxy-2,3twitter-hydro-lll-l-benzazepin-2-one and 2.0 g of diisopropylethylaMine in 45 ml of ethylene chloride within 15 Minutes at -5 to lo . The reaction mixture is stirred at -5 for l hour, washed with 5 potassium carbonate solution, dried and evaporated to dryness to yield the Clara compound.

According to procedures analogous to those described in the previous example,3-(S)-t-butyloxycarbonylamino-l-ethoxycarbonylmethHoyle-chloro-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-lH-l-benzazepin-2-one is converted to 3-[(5-amino-1-carboxy)-(lS)-pentylamino~-l-carboxyymethyl-5-chloro-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-lH-1-(3S)-benzazepin-2-one.

Example 22: Preparation of Lowe capsules each containing lo my of the active ingredient.

Formula 3-[(5-Amino-l-carboxy)--(lS)-pentylamino~-l-carboxxymethyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-lH-1-(3S~-benzazepin-2-one100.00 g Lactose 1900.0 g Procedure The powders are passed through a screen with openings of 0.6 mm.
Then the drug substance is placed in a suitable mixer and mixed with the lactose until homogeneous. No. 3 capsules are filled with 200 my each using a capsule filling machine.

Claims (10)

Claims

1. Process for the manufacture of 3-(5-aminopentyl)-amino-1-benz-azepin-2-one-1-alkanoic acids of the general formula I
(I) wherein R1 represents 4-aminobutyl, R2 and R3 represent, indepen-dently of each other, hydroxy or lower alkoxy and S represents the chirality; and salts thereof which consists in a) alkylating a compound of the formula (II) as the S-enantiomer or mixture of stereoisomers containing said isomer, wherein R3 has the meaning given hereinabove, with a compound of the formula (IIIA) as the S-enantiomer or mixture containing said isomer, wherein Z is a reactive esterified hydroxyl group and R1 and R2 have the meanings given hereinabove or with a compound of the formula R1-CO-COR2 (IV) wherein R1 and R2 have meanings given hereinabove, in the presence of a reducing agent with temporary protection of the primary amino group and/or hydroxyl groups, which may be present in any one of the residues R1, R2 and R3, or b) alkylating a compound of the formula (V) or a mixture of stereoisomers containing said compound, wherein R1 and R2 have the meanings given hereinabove with a compound of the formula Z-CH2COR3 (IIIB) wherein Z is a reactive esterified hydroxyl group And R3 has the meanings given hereinabove, while protecting temporarily the amino and/or hydroxyl groups in any one of the reactants, or c) condensing a compound of the formula (VI) wherein Y is oxo, a reactive esterified or etherified hydroxyl group Z together with hydrogen or two reactive esterified or etherified hydroxyl groups Z, and R3 has the meanings given hereinabove, with an amine of the formula (VII) as the S-enantiomer or mixture containing said isomer, wherein R1 and R2 have the meanings given hereinabove, with the proviso that when Y is oxo, or bis-(esterified or etherified) hydroxy, the condensation is carried out in the presence of a reducing agent, or d) solvolyzing a compound of the formula (VIII) or a mixture of stereoisomers containing said compound wherein R1 has the meaning given hereinabove, one of the symbols Ro' and Ro'' is cyano and the other one is cyano or COR2 and COR3 respectively as defined hereinabove, or e) cyclizing a compound of the formula (IX) or a mixture of stereoisomers containing said compound wherein R1, R2 and R3 have the meanings given hereinabove, or a reactive ester thereof, or f) saturating one or two double bonds in a compound of the formula X
(X) in which said double bond(s) is (are) located at C3-C4, C4-C5 and/or in the side chain between the nitrogen atom and an adjacent carbon atom, by treatment with a reducing agent, or g) ring opening the monocyclic lactam in a compound of formula XI
(XI) or a mixture of stereoisomers containing said compound wherein R3 has meaning as previously defined to the compound of formula I
wherein R2 and R3 are hydroxy, or h) hydrogenolyzing or reducing a compound of the formula XII
(XII) or a mixture of stereoisomers containing said compound wherein X
represents oxo, protected oxo or bis-(esterfied or etherified hydroxy); or X represents one hydroxy, one esterified or etherified hydroxy together with one hydrogen, and R1, R2 and R3 have the meanings given hereinabove, or i) converting a compound of the formula (XIII) or a mixture of stereoisomers containing said compound in which R4 is a group convertible into 2-aminoethyl, and R2 and R3 have the meanings given hereinabove into a compound of formula I, or j) converting a compound of the formula (XIV) or a mixture of isomers containing said compound in which one of R5 and R6 is a group convertible into COR2 and COR3 respectively as defined above and the other is COR2 or COR3, or both R5 and R6 are groups convertible into COR2 and COR3, into a compound of formula I, or k) removing the protective groups in a compound of the formula (XV) or in a mixture of stereoisomers containing said compound in which at least one of Z1 to Z4 is a protective group and the remaining of Z1 to Z4 represent hydrogen, to obtain a compound of formula I
wherein one or both of R2 and R3 may represent hydroxy;
and, if desired, a resulting compound of formula I is converted into another compound of formula is and/or if desired, a resulting compound of formula I having salt-forming properties is converted into a salt thereof or a resulting salt into another salt or a free compound is liberated from such a salt, and/or if so required, the optical isomer of formula I which has the specific S,S configuration with respect to the two centers of chirality is separated from a resulting mixture of stereoisomeric forms containing a compound of formula I.

2. A process as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that a compound of formulae II and IIIA or IV, V and IIIB, VI and VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, XII, XIII, XIV or XV or a salt thereof is selected as a starting material, wherein R1 represents 4-aminobutyl and R2 and R3 represent, independently of each other, hydroxy, methoxy, ethoxy or tert.-butoxy, Z, Y, Ro', Ro", X, R4, R5, R6 and Z1 to Z4 have the meanings given in claim 1, so as to produce a compound of the formula I, wherein R1, R2 and R3 have the meanings given above, or a salt of such a compound having salt forming properties.

3. A process as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that a compound of formulae II and IIIA or IV, V and IIIB, VI and VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, XII, XIII, XIV or XV or a salt thereof selected as a starting material, wherein R1 represents 4-aminobutyl, R2 represents hydroxy, methoxy or tert.-butoxy and R3 represents hydroxy or ethoxy, Z, Y, Ro', Ro'', X, R4, R5, R6 and Z1 to Z4 have the meanings given in claim 1, so as to produce a compound of the formula I, wherein R1, R2 and R3 have the meanings given above, or a salt of such a compound having salt forming properties.

4. A process as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that a compound of formulae II and IIIA or IV, V and IIIB, VI and VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, XII, XIII, XIV or XV or a salt thereof is selected as a starting material, wherein R1 represents 4-aminobutyl and R2 and R3 represent hydroxy, Z, Y, Ro', Ro'', X, R4, R5, R6 and Z1 to Z4 have the meanings given in claim 1, so as to produce 3-[(5-amino-1-carboxy) (1S)-pentylamino]-1-carboxymethyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-1-(3S)-benz-azepin-2-one or a salt thereof.

5. A process as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that a compound of formulae II and IIIA or IV, V and IIIB, VI and VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, XII, XIII, XIV or XV or a salt thereof is selected as a starting material, wherein R1 represents 4-aminobutyl and R2 and R3 represent hydroxy, Z represents halogen or the residue of an aliphatic or aromatic sulfonic acid, Y is oxo, Ro' and/or Ro'' represent cyano, X
represents oxo, R4 is cyanomethyl or nitroethyl, R5 and R6 are, independently, lower alkoxycarbonyl or phenyl lower alkoxycarbonyl, Z1 and/or Z3 are lower alkyl or phenyl lower alkyl and Z2 and/or Z4 are lower alkanoyl or phenyl lower alkanoyloxycarbonyl, so as to produce 3-[(5-amino-1-carboxy)-(1S)-pentylamino]-1-carboxymethyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-1-(3S)-benzazepin-2-one or a salt thereof.

6. A process as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that a compound of formula XI or a salt thereof, wherein R3 represents hydroxy or lower alkoxy, is ring opened by treatment with a strong mineral acid so as to produce 3-[(5-amino-1-carboxy)-(1S)-pentylamino]-1-carboxy-methyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-1-(3S)-benzazepin-2-one or a salt thereof.

7. A process as claimed in claim 6, characterised in that hydro-chloric acid is used.

8. A process as claimed in claim 7, characterised in that it is carried out at elevated temperatures.

9. A compound of the formula I shown in claim 1, in which formula all the symbols have the meanings given in claim 1, and salts thereof, whenever prepared or produced by the process of manufacture claimed in claim 1 or by any process which is an obvious chemical equivalent thereof.

10. 3-[(5-amino-1-carboxy)-(1S)-pentylamino]-1-carboxymethyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-1-(3S)-benzazepin-2-one or a salt thereof, whenever prepared or produced by the process of manufacture claimed in claims 4 to 6 or by any process which is an obvious chemical equivalent thereof.