CA1217462A - Lighting panel - Google Patents
Lighting panelInfo
- Publication number
- CA1217462A CA1217462A CA000457305A CA457305A CA1217462A CA 1217462 A CA1217462 A CA 1217462A CA 000457305 A CA000457305 A CA 000457305A CA 457305 A CA457305 A CA 457305A CA 1217462 A CA1217462 A CA 1217462A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- sheet
- panel
- smooth surface
- light
- corrugations
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V5/00—Refractors for light sources
- F21V5/02—Refractors for light sources of prismatic shape
Abstract
TITLE
LIGHTING PANEL
INVENTOR
Lorne A. Whitehead ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
The lighting panel has a first face for receiving light from a source and a second face. The panel includes a first and a second sheet of transparent dielectric material. Each sheet has a smooth surface on one side and is corrugated on the other side. The surfaces forming the corrugations intersect at 90° the smooth surface on the first side is at 45° to the surfaces of the corrugations on the on the other side of each sheet. The smooth surface of the first sheet forms the first face of the panel, the corrugated surface of the first sheet is adjacent to the smooth surface of the second sheet, with the direction of the corruga-tions on the second sheet set at a predetermined angle .alpha. to the direction of the corrugations on the first sheet. Light thus enters the smooth surface of the first sheet and emerges from the corrugated surface of the second sheet. The sheets may be substantially planar. At least one of the sheets may also include light release mechanisms. The angle .alpha. may be set at substantially 90°, or may be varied to produce a desired light directionality.
LIGHTING PANEL
INVENTOR
Lorne A. Whitehead ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
The lighting panel has a first face for receiving light from a source and a second face. The panel includes a first and a second sheet of transparent dielectric material. Each sheet has a smooth surface on one side and is corrugated on the other side. The surfaces forming the corrugations intersect at 90° the smooth surface on the first side is at 45° to the surfaces of the corrugations on the on the other side of each sheet. The smooth surface of the first sheet forms the first face of the panel, the corrugated surface of the first sheet is adjacent to the smooth surface of the second sheet, with the direction of the corruga-tions on the second sheet set at a predetermined angle .alpha. to the direction of the corrugations on the first sheet. Light thus enters the smooth surface of the first sheet and emerges from the corrugated surface of the second sheet. The sheets may be substantially planar. At least one of the sheets may also include light release mechanisms. The angle .alpha. may be set at substantially 90°, or may be varied to produce a desired light directionality.
Description
746~
Background of the Invent _ This invention is directed to a ligllting panel for distrlbutlng light from llghting fixtures or l~lminaires and, ln particular, to a lighting panel for diffusing the light wLth a desired directionality.
Lighting panels have been in use for many years particularly in fluorescent light fixtures. Prismatic lightlllg panels which have had some success ln reducing direct glare by controlling the angle at whlch light emerges are described in United States Patent No. 2,474,317, WhiCIl issued on June 28, 1947 naming the inventor R.G. McPhail, as well as U.S.
Patent 4,064,433 which issued on December 20, 1977, naming the inventor William W. Korn.
Summary of the Invention It is an object oE this invention to provide a lighting panel in which the emerging light has a predetermined directionality.
Thls and other objects are achieved in a lighting panel having a f~rst face to be positioned to receive light from a source and a second face. The panel incl~des a first and a second sheet of traslsparent di-electric material, each sheet having a firs~ smooth surface on one side and a corrugated surface on the other side, wherein the corrugated sur-faces intersect at 90 and the surfaces of the corrugations are at 45 to the smooth surface on the one side. The smooth surface of the first sheet forms the first face of the panel and the corrugated surface of the first sheet is positioned ad~acent to the smooth surface of the second sheet. The direction of the corrugations on the second sheet are at a predetermined angle to the direction of the corrugations on the first sheet, whereby distributed light enters the smooth surEace of the Eirst sheet and emerges fro~ the corrugated surface of the second sheet.
In accorda~ce with another aspect of the present lnventlon the sheets are substantially planar. In addition, at least one of the sheets can include light release mechanisms. The angle can be substantially 90 to provide maximum directionality, or the two sheets may be rotatab]e with respect to one another to vary the angle to change the direction-ality.
Many other objects and aspects of the invention will be clear from the detailed description of the drawings.
Brief Descr:lption v~ the Urawln~
In the drawings:
Figure 1 illustrates a section of the li.ghting panel in accord-ance with the present invention;
Figure 2 is a graph of light output versus angle from the nor-mal;
Figures 3 and 4 illustrate a fi.xed slleet lighting panel; and Figure 5 illustrates a circular lightlng panel.
Detailed Description The lighting panel 1 as shown in flgure l is made from two sheets 2, 3 of transparent dielectric material. Each sheet has a first smooth surface 4 and a second eorrugated surface 5. The sur.faces 4 and 5 are made such that the surfaces of the corrugations on the second surface 5 intersect at 90, and the surfaces of the corrugations are further at 45D to the smooth surface 4.
The smooth surface 5 of the first sheet 2 will be used to receive the light from a source and wlll thus be the first or upper face of the panel l. The smooth surface S of the second sheet 3 is ad~acent the corrugated surface 4 of the first sheet 2. Some oE the light that is diseributed from the panel l will, therefore, emerge from the corrugated surface of the second sheet 3. The sheets 2, 3 are placed one over the other such that the direction of the corrugations on the sheets 2, 3 are at a predetermlned angle ~ to one another.
Although maximum control of the light distribution occurs for ~ = 90, a less controlled distribution may be desirable and can be obtained by setting the angle ~ to be less than ~0.
The origin of this light control is similar to that obtained with conventional single layer diffusion panels such as those referred to above, in which light that would otherwise emerge at angles deviating considerably from the direction perpendicular to the panel (hereafter termed the "normal") is substantially reflected back toward the light source, with the reflection resulting in part from total internal reflec-tions, and in part from partial internal reflections.
There are two main differences by which panel 1 differs from conventional prismati~ sheets, and which result ln better light control.
.
7~ E;Z
The first is that the corn1gated sheets have the property known as octa--ture', which is described in U.S. Patent 4,260,220 that issued on April 7, 1981, naming Lorne Whitehead as inventor. In such a sheet, surfaces on one side of the sheet are all parallel or perpendicular to one 5 another, the surfaces on the otller side of the sheet are all parallel or perpendicular to one another, and the surfaces Oll one side of the slleet are at 45 Lo the surfaces on the ottler sLde of the slleet. Such a panel 1 has the special property that light rays whicll undergo any number of partial internal reflections in the panel maintain the same angular 10 relationship to the surfaces as they origlnally had. Other lighting panels do not have this property, and as a result light rays resulting from several partial internal reflections are essentlally uncontrolled.
In a single octature sheet, however, a smaller degree of light ~ontrol is exhibited in the perpendicular plane parallel to the prism 15 direction than in the perpendicular plane at right angles to the prism direction. Therefore, the panel 1 in accordance with the present inven-tion, in which two sheets are positioned with the corrugations at an angle ~ to one another, effective directional control is obtained. This directional control obtained from two sheets, is the second main differ-20 ence between the present invention and conventional lighting panels. r Figure 2 is a graph of light output versus angle from the normal for conventional K-12 pris~atic panel - line A, and for a panel in accordance with th~ present lnvention - line B. As can be seen, the main concentration of light for the panel in accordance with the present 25 lnvention lies in the region within 30 of the normal. The concentration of light for the K-12 panel decreases almost linearly from OD to 90.
The panels may be made either with the two sheets rigidly fixed with respect to one another, with the sheets moveable such that they may be rotated with respect to one another. Figures 3 and 4 illustrate a 30 fixed sheet panel 10, figure 4 bieng a cross-section taken along section A- A of igure 3. This fixed panel 11 is shown with ~ = 90. The sheets 12 and 13 are fixed together by a U-shaped channel 17 which may be press-fitted or glued around the edge of the panel 11.
In figure 5, a circular panel 21 ls shown wherein a first sheet 22 is attached to a second sheet 23 by a loosely itting rivet or bolt 28 , - ~
~2~L~9~
~, , passing through the two sheets 22, 23 at n pivot polnt 29 at tlle c~e1lters of the sheets 22, 23. Thls allows the angLe to be adjusted as desired.
Such a panel can clearly be useful in controlling the llght emanating from conventlonal fluorescent lamps. The panel, in accordance with the present inventlon, can, however, also be used with luminaires described in a co-pending patent application entitled, "Prism 1.ight Guide Luminaire" flled on even date namir1K Lorr1e A. WhLtehead as inventor.
This luminaire is used with a prism light guide as described in United States Patent 4,260,220 which issued April 7, 1981, also naming Lorne A.
Whitehead as inventor. In the luminalre descrlbed in the above noted co-pendlng application, which is incorporated herein by reference, at least one of the luminaire sheets is made from a transparent dielectric mate-rial sheet with one surEace smooth and one surface corrugated. ~1owever, the sheet has light release mechanisms incorporated into it such that light travelling through the guide with a directional angle of less than 3, that is in the order of 301 may be dlrectly released or redirected so as to emerge from the luminaire. These release mechanisms inc]ude having non-planar surfaces particularly on the corrugated surfaces, rounded corners in the corrugations and/or roughness of the surfaces of the sheets again primarily on the corrugated surEaces.
In order to assure proper directionality to reduce glare~ a ~`
second sheet of t-ransparent dielectric material QS describe(1 above ~y be fixed to the ligh~ emitting surface of the lumlnaire to produce a light emitting pane~ essentially as descrlbed with respect to the present invention.
Due to the directionality character~stic of the panel in accorda1lce with this invention~ the panel is also suited to direct light from fluorescent lamps or other light sources into various types of enclosures. One such enclosure is a prism light gulde of the type describad iQ United States Patent No. 4,260,220. The guide need not have a square cross-section, the panel is partic~1larly suited to direct light into a guide having an oblong cross-section.
Many modifications in the above described embodim~nts of the invention can be carried out without departing from the scope thereof and, therefore, the scope of the present inventon is intended to be limited only by the appended claims.
,. :
Background of the Invent _ This invention is directed to a ligllting panel for distrlbutlng light from llghting fixtures or l~lminaires and, ln particular, to a lighting panel for diffusing the light wLth a desired directionality.
Lighting panels have been in use for many years particularly in fluorescent light fixtures. Prismatic lightlllg panels which have had some success ln reducing direct glare by controlling the angle at whlch light emerges are described in United States Patent No. 2,474,317, WhiCIl issued on June 28, 1947 naming the inventor R.G. McPhail, as well as U.S.
Patent 4,064,433 which issued on December 20, 1977, naming the inventor William W. Korn.
Summary of the Invention It is an object oE this invention to provide a lighting panel in which the emerging light has a predetermined directionality.
Thls and other objects are achieved in a lighting panel having a f~rst face to be positioned to receive light from a source and a second face. The panel incl~des a first and a second sheet of traslsparent di-electric material, each sheet having a firs~ smooth surface on one side and a corrugated surface on the other side, wherein the corrugated sur-faces intersect at 90 and the surfaces of the corrugations are at 45 to the smooth surface on the one side. The smooth surface of the first sheet forms the first face of the panel and the corrugated surface of the first sheet is positioned ad~acent to the smooth surface of the second sheet. The direction of the corrugations on the second sheet are at a predetermined angle to the direction of the corrugations on the first sheet, whereby distributed light enters the smooth surEace of the Eirst sheet and emerges fro~ the corrugated surface of the second sheet.
In accorda~ce with another aspect of the present lnventlon the sheets are substantially planar. In addition, at least one of the sheets can include light release mechanisms. The angle can be substantially 90 to provide maximum directionality, or the two sheets may be rotatab]e with respect to one another to vary the angle to change the direction-ality.
Many other objects and aspects of the invention will be clear from the detailed description of the drawings.
Brief Descr:lption v~ the Urawln~
In the drawings:
Figure 1 illustrates a section of the li.ghting panel in accord-ance with the present invention;
Figure 2 is a graph of light output versus angle from the nor-mal;
Figures 3 and 4 illustrate a fi.xed slleet lighting panel; and Figure 5 illustrates a circular lightlng panel.
Detailed Description The lighting panel 1 as shown in flgure l is made from two sheets 2, 3 of transparent dielectric material. Each sheet has a first smooth surface 4 and a second eorrugated surface 5. The sur.faces 4 and 5 are made such that the surfaces of the corrugations on the second surface 5 intersect at 90, and the surfaces of the corrugations are further at 45D to the smooth surface 4.
The smooth surface 5 of the first sheet 2 will be used to receive the light from a source and wlll thus be the first or upper face of the panel l. The smooth surface S of the second sheet 3 is ad~acent the corrugated surface 4 of the first sheet 2. Some oE the light that is diseributed from the panel l will, therefore, emerge from the corrugated surface of the second sheet 3. The sheets 2, 3 are placed one over the other such that the direction of the corrugations on the sheets 2, 3 are at a predetermlned angle ~ to one another.
Although maximum control of the light distribution occurs for ~ = 90, a less controlled distribution may be desirable and can be obtained by setting the angle ~ to be less than ~0.
The origin of this light control is similar to that obtained with conventional single layer diffusion panels such as those referred to above, in which light that would otherwise emerge at angles deviating considerably from the direction perpendicular to the panel (hereafter termed the "normal") is substantially reflected back toward the light source, with the reflection resulting in part from total internal reflec-tions, and in part from partial internal reflections.
There are two main differences by which panel 1 differs from conventional prismati~ sheets, and which result ln better light control.
.
7~ E;Z
The first is that the corn1gated sheets have the property known as octa--ture', which is described in U.S. Patent 4,260,220 that issued on April 7, 1981, naming Lorne Whitehead as inventor. In such a sheet, surfaces on one side of the sheet are all parallel or perpendicular to one 5 another, the surfaces on the otller side of the sheet are all parallel or perpendicular to one another, and the surfaces Oll one side of the slleet are at 45 Lo the surfaces on the ottler sLde of the slleet. Such a panel 1 has the special property that light rays whicll undergo any number of partial internal reflections in the panel maintain the same angular 10 relationship to the surfaces as they origlnally had. Other lighting panels do not have this property, and as a result light rays resulting from several partial internal reflections are essentlally uncontrolled.
In a single octature sheet, however, a smaller degree of light ~ontrol is exhibited in the perpendicular plane parallel to the prism 15 direction than in the perpendicular plane at right angles to the prism direction. Therefore, the panel 1 in accordance with the present inven-tion, in which two sheets are positioned with the corrugations at an angle ~ to one another, effective directional control is obtained. This directional control obtained from two sheets, is the second main differ-20 ence between the present invention and conventional lighting panels. r Figure 2 is a graph of light output versus angle from the normal for conventional K-12 pris~atic panel - line A, and for a panel in accordance with th~ present lnvention - line B. As can be seen, the main concentration of light for the panel in accordance with the present 25 lnvention lies in the region within 30 of the normal. The concentration of light for the K-12 panel decreases almost linearly from OD to 90.
The panels may be made either with the two sheets rigidly fixed with respect to one another, with the sheets moveable such that they may be rotated with respect to one another. Figures 3 and 4 illustrate a 30 fixed sheet panel 10, figure 4 bieng a cross-section taken along section A- A of igure 3. This fixed panel 11 is shown with ~ = 90. The sheets 12 and 13 are fixed together by a U-shaped channel 17 which may be press-fitted or glued around the edge of the panel 11.
In figure 5, a circular panel 21 ls shown wherein a first sheet 22 is attached to a second sheet 23 by a loosely itting rivet or bolt 28 , - ~
~2~L~9~
~, , passing through the two sheets 22, 23 at n pivot polnt 29 at tlle c~e1lters of the sheets 22, 23. Thls allows the angLe to be adjusted as desired.
Such a panel can clearly be useful in controlling the llght emanating from conventlonal fluorescent lamps. The panel, in accordance with the present inventlon, can, however, also be used with luminaires described in a co-pending patent application entitled, "Prism 1.ight Guide Luminaire" flled on even date namir1K Lorr1e A. WhLtehead as inventor.
This luminaire is used with a prism light guide as described in United States Patent 4,260,220 which issued April 7, 1981, also naming Lorne A.
Whitehead as inventor. In the luminalre descrlbed in the above noted co-pendlng application, which is incorporated herein by reference, at least one of the luminaire sheets is made from a transparent dielectric mate-rial sheet with one surEace smooth and one surface corrugated. ~1owever, the sheet has light release mechanisms incorporated into it such that light travelling through the guide with a directional angle of less than 3, that is in the order of 301 may be dlrectly released or redirected so as to emerge from the luminaire. These release mechanisms inc]ude having non-planar surfaces particularly on the corrugated surfaces, rounded corners in the corrugations and/or roughness of the surfaces of the sheets again primarily on the corrugated surEaces.
In order to assure proper directionality to reduce glare~ a ~`
second sheet of t-ransparent dielectric material QS describe(1 above ~y be fixed to the ligh~ emitting surface of the lumlnaire to produce a light emitting pane~ essentially as descrlbed with respect to the present invention.
Due to the directionality character~stic of the panel in accorda1lce with this invention~ the panel is also suited to direct light from fluorescent lamps or other light sources into various types of enclosures. One such enclosure is a prism light gulde of the type describad iQ United States Patent No. 4,260,220. The guide need not have a square cross-section, the panel is partic~1larly suited to direct light into a guide having an oblong cross-section.
Many modifications in the above described embodim~nts of the invention can be carried out without departing from the scope thereof and, therefore, the scope of the present inventon is intended to be limited only by the appended claims.
,. :
Claims (5)
1. A lighting panel having a first face to be positioned to receive light from a source and a second face, comprising:
- a first and a second sheet of transparent dielectric material, each sheet having a first smooth surface and a second corrugated surface wherein the surfaces of the corrugations intersect at 90°
and the surfaces of the corrugations are at 45° to the first smooth surface, the smooth surface of the first sheet forming the first face of the panel and the corrugated surface of the first sheet being of substantially equal size adjacent the smooth surface of the second sheet with the direction of the corrugations on the second sheet being at a predetermined angle .alpha. greater than 0° but less than 180° to the direction of the corrugations on the first sheet, whereby distributed light enters the smooth surface of the first sheet and emerges from the corrugated surface of the second sheet.
- a first and a second sheet of transparent dielectric material, each sheet having a first smooth surface and a second corrugated surface wherein the surfaces of the corrugations intersect at 90°
and the surfaces of the corrugations are at 45° to the first smooth surface, the smooth surface of the first sheet forming the first face of the panel and the corrugated surface of the first sheet being of substantially equal size adjacent the smooth surface of the second sheet with the direction of the corrugations on the second sheet being at a predetermined angle .alpha. greater than 0° but less than 180° to the direction of the corrugations on the first sheet, whereby distributed light enters the smooth surface of the first sheet and emerges from the corrugated surface of the second sheet.
2. A panel as claimed in claim 1 wherein the sheets are substantially planar.
3. A panel as claimed in claim 1 wherein at least one of the sheets includes light release mechanisms.
4. A panel as claimed in claim 1 wherein the angle .alpha. is substantially 90°.
5. A panel as claimed in claim 1 wherein the second sheet adjusts relative to the first sheet to vary the angle .alpha..
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US527,495 | 1983-08-29 | ||
| US06/527,495 US4542449A (en) | 1983-08-29 | 1983-08-29 | Lighting panel with opposed 45° corrugations |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1217462A true CA1217462A (en) | 1987-02-03 |
Family
ID=24101692
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000457305A Expired CA1217462A (en) | 1983-08-29 | 1984-06-22 | Lighting panel |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4542449A (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS6070601A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1217462A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3430192A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2551179B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2145809B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1175645B (en) |
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-
1983
- 1983-08-29 US US06/527,495 patent/US4542449A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1984
- 1984-06-22 CA CA000457305A patent/CA1217462A/en not_active Expired
- 1984-08-14 GB GB08420638A patent/GB2145809B/en not_active Expired
- 1984-08-16 DE DE19843430192 patent/DE3430192A1/en active Granted
- 1984-08-28 JP JP59179145A patent/JPS6070601A/en active Granted
- 1984-08-28 IT IT22427/84A patent/IT1175645B/en active
- 1984-08-28 FR FR8413304A patent/FR2551179B1/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IT8422427A0 (en) | 1984-08-28 |
| GB2145809B (en) | 1987-05-07 |
| GB8420638D0 (en) | 1984-09-19 |
| US4542449A (en) | 1985-09-17 |
| FR2551179A1 (en) | 1985-03-01 |
| DE3430192C2 (en) | 1990-11-08 |
| DE3430192A1 (en) | 1985-03-14 |
| FR2551179B1 (en) | 1988-08-05 |
| IT1175645B (en) | 1987-07-15 |
| GB2145809A (en) | 1985-04-03 |
| JPS6070601A (en) | 1985-04-22 |
| JPH0137801B2 (en) | 1989-08-09 |
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