CA1195562A

CA1195562A - Method for the production of impregnated papers on a papermaking machine

Info

Publication number: CA1195562A
Application number: CA000375681A
Authority: CA
Inventors: Horst Kaiser; Erich Nick
Original assignee: Beiersdorf AG
Current assignee: Beiersdorf AG
Priority date: 1980-04-24
Filing date: 1981-04-16
Publication date: 1985-10-22
Also published as: FI811269L; FR2481333A1; FR2481333B1; IT8121009A0; DE3015733C2; DE3015733A1; FI68103B; IT1137524B; BR8102450A; SE8101912L; IT8121009A1; FI68103C; JPH0329920B2; JPS56159398A; SE446465B

Abstract

ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE

A method for the production of impregnated paper from fiber suspension or pulp is disclosed. It comprises the formation of a paper web on a conventional papermaking machine followed by treatment of the web in the stage of having a residual water content of 6% to 20% with a mixture of a) 0.5% to 5.0% by weight of a silicone-free, adhesive-repellent surface-active agent, (b) 89.0% to 95,5% by weight of an elastomer or rubber-like polymer, and (c) 2.0% to 6.0% by weight of a paper softener and continuation of the drying-process until the paper is completely dried. The mixture is added in an amount such that the dried paper web contains 7% to 60% by weight of the mixture. The mixture may be added, particularly in the case of lightweight papers, to the web itself after its formation at a residual water content of 6% to 20%.
Alternatively, a primary amount of the mixture can be added to the fiber suspension or pulp prior to the formation of the web, the amount being 1% to 12%, based on the dry weight of the fiber suspension or pulp.

Description

The present invention is directed to a novel ~ethod for the production of impregnated papers which can be carried out in single operation on a paper making machine. Ihe improved method can produce both smooth and creped papers in a similar manner, and the resultant products are particularly useful as substrates for masking and packlng tapes.

Impregnated papers have many commercial uses; for example, cab]e and insulating papers for the electrical industry, abrasive papers, high-grade wall papers, moisture resistent shaped bodies and door elements in the construction and furniture industries, decorative papers used in conjunction with laminated pressed boards, and reinforcement elements for foam structures and strips. One of the most important uses, however, is as the substrate for pressure-sensitive adhesive masses, especially those used as masking and packing tapes.
; .
In order that impregnated papers be satisfactory as substrates for pressure-sensitive adhesive masses, it is essential that the impregnating agent hold the fibers of the paper together so that the finished paper exhibits sufficient picking and splitting strengthO Since tapes of this character are usually marketed in roll form, each adhesive coating is in direct contact with the surface of the backing paper of the adjacent layer of tape. Therefore, the picking and splitting strength of this paper must meet stringent requirements to prevent tearing or splitting when the tape is removed from the roll.

~5~%

In addition to the foregoing reguirement, the support material must also provide the necessary strength, elasticity, and stretchability to permit the application of the tape around corners, bends, and on irregular surfaces without tearing.
Moreover, the paper must also have substantial resistance to both heat and water, since it will be subjected thereto during use.

In the past, it has been customary ~o impregnate finished papers having good absorption capacity (such as cellulose papers) on special impregnating machines using solutions or aqueous dispersions (latices) of preferably rubber-like polymers or elastomers. The paper webs thus created are then dried at elevated temperatures. Clearly, the impregnating and drying of completed papers constitute additional operations, with the attendant increase in cost. Moreover, of all the conversion steps, the impregnation (whether the paper be smooth or creped) is always the most time-consuming. Under normal circumstance.,, the drying channel can be operated only at a relatively low speed.

~20 A further factor is that, in the conventional method of papermaking, a very high wet-strength sizing is usually introduced. During the impregnation step which takes place after the completion of the paper, this sizing tends to repel the rubber particles and keep them away from the fibers. This often leads to irregular distribution of the particles in the paper.

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Experi~ents have shown that, if the foregoing requirements are to be satisfied, it is not possible to impregnate directly on the papermak;ng machine because of the thermoplasticity and the tackiness connected therewith. Generally, an attempt to do so leads to the web sticking to and smearing on the hot cylinders and/or the drying felts. The sticking causes the web to tear, resulting in serious disturbances of - or breakdowns in - the manufacturing process. This is especially true in the case of thin papers.

An object of the present invention is, therefore, to minimize sticking in the papermaking machine, and to eliminate the expensive separate impregnating and drying steps which have previously been applied to ready made papers.

It is a further object ~f the present invention to provide a method which permits the production of impregnated papers, whether smooth or creped, in a single operation on the usual form of papermaking machine.

In practicing the present invention, it has been found that these objects can be achieved by adding specific proportions of ~20 a certain mixture to the pulp or the moist paper with a defined residual moisture content. In the case of thin papers, the mixture can be added at a single point after the web has been formed. As to heavier papers, the mixture is added in two specific stages during the manufacturing process.

The mixture is usually in the form of an aqueous dispersion and contains (a) a small amount of a silicone-free, adhesive repellent surface-active agent, (b) an elastomer or rubber like polymer as the principal component, and (c) a small amount of a paper softener.

As a result of the addition of the foregoing mixture, it is possible to produce impregnated smooth or creped papers having the properties desired for use as the substrate for pressure sensi~ive adhesive masses. Moreover, this can be accomplished on a papermaking machine, in a single operation, while minimizing or eliminating undesirable sticking of the paper web on the hot cylinders or felts during the drying process.
Production speed is increased and the quantity of wet strength agent to be used can be reduced to abouL 50~/O of the usual quantity-More specifically, in the more common form of theinvention, the mixture is added to the fiber suspension or pulp prior to sheet formation. The usual wet strength agents, sizing agents, fillers, dyes, e~c~ may also be included. The amount added is 1% to 12% by weight based on the dry fiber or pulp. The composition of the mixture, based upon the dry weight thereof, is 0.5% to 5.0% of a silicone free, adhesive repellent surface active agent, 89.0% to 95.5% of an elastomer or rubber-like polymer, and

2.0% to 6O0% of a paper softener.

After the addition of the foregoing mixture, the paper web is formed in the usual manner on the machine.` The web produced ,~ -5~

has a residual water content of 6% to 20~/o whell a second portion of the mixture is applied thereto in such a quantity that, when dried, the paper contains 7V/o to 60% by weight of the mixture.
Of course, if creped paper is desired, a known creping device can be inserted in the papermaking machine in the usual manner.

It is, of course, generally known to acld various additives to the pulp or the paper web by a number of di~ferent mean~.
These additives are introduced to the fiber suspension, the moist paper web after formation, and the dried paper. Sizing agents, for example, can be added to the pulp ("pulp sizing") or to the finished paper ("surface sizing"~ by known mechanisms, such as size presses, sprayers, or the like.

However, with the exception of the case of silicones, the use of mixtures containing an adhesive repellent, surface active agent to impregnate the paper has not been known. On the contrary, those of ordinary skill in the art believed that the presence of such materials would interfere with the manufacturing process, even when only small amounts were present, since such agents are preferably hydrophobic substances. It was all the more surprising, therefore, that the presence of a small amount of such an adhesive repellent agent in the impregnating mixture in no way interferes with the papermaking process and, additionally, provides great advantages in that it suppresses the undesirable sticking of the paper web durLng the drying procéss.

In British Pat:ent 922,828, there is disclosed a method of treating papers, particularly parchment and waxed papers, with a mixture of silicone rubber and silicone resin, to which other . .

substances such as carboxyrnethyl cellulose or condensation prod~cts of epichlorohydrin with aliphatic amines may be added. However, because of their strong adhesive-rejecting properties, such papers are useful as separators or intermediate layers in connection with sticky substances or pressure sensitive adhesives of various kinds. They are also useful as intermediate supports for transferable adhesive films, but in no way can they be used as a permanent support or substrate Eor pressure sensitive adhesive masses. ~loreover, ]0 silicones cannot be used with ordinary papermaking machines since they tend to deposit irreversibly on screens, felts, etc., and cannot be removed therefrom. A further factor is that, in the presence of silicones, it is not possible to crepe the paper, as the scraper will not grip the siliconed surface.

There should also be mentioned in this connection Applicants' earlier application DAS 2 809 422 relating to a method for the production of a stretchable paper having nigh picking and splitting strength. There is added to the fiber suspension or pulp, in addition to other materials, a mixture comprising a small quantity of a specific adhesive repellent agent and a large quantity of synthetic rubber or resin. The addition takes place prior to the breast box. The result is a method for the production of speclal papers which can be used advantageously to support highly adhesive, pressure sensitive masses of high shearing and peeling strength. These are useful for the production of heavy duty masking tapes, but are not the result of an impregnation method. Hence, the problem se~ forth and solved in thal: reference is not relevant to the present situation.

5~

As the adhesive repellent, surface active agents of the present invention, it has been found advantageous to use organic compounds which contain, in the molecule (l) at least one long chain alkyl or alkanoyl radical having 12 to 21 carbon atoms and ~2) reactive polar groups. In particular, stearoyl or stearyl groups exemplify the former, and carboxyl, nitrile, amino, hydroxyl~ ketene, or acid anllydride groups exemplify the latter.

Particularly suitable compounds are:
N,N'-diacyl compounds of polyalkylene polyamines with long-chain hydrocarbon radicals, in particular those containing at least one unreacted secondary amino group, such as N,N'-distearoyl dipropylene triamine and N,N'-dipalmitoyl triethylene tetramine;
polyvinyl carbamates, such as polyvinyl-N-octadecyl carbamate and polyvinyl-N-pentadecyl carbamate;
triethanolamine monostearyl carbamate;
glycerin monostearyl carbamate;
pentaerythritol monostearyl carbamate;
triethanolamino monostearate;
triethanolamino monopalmitate;
triethanolamino monooleate;
glycerin monostearate;
reaction products of stearyl isocyanate with urea or melamine resins or with tr:iethanolamine;
low molecular polybutadienes containing hydroxyl groups which, are fully or part:ially reacted with stearyl isocyanate;
copolymers resulting from emulsion polymerization of maleic acid monoamides or maleic acid monoesters having long-chain ~ s~
h rocarbon rad;cals with ~tyrene or its derivatives, the copolymers additionally may contain crosslinkin~ components with reactive functional groups or carboxyl groups;
copolymers of butadiene with no more than 3()% styrene in which are incorporated 2 - 20% maleic acid monoamides or monoesters;
complex compounds of stearic acid with basic chromium chloride (Werner complexes); and polytetrafluoroethylene.

The percentage of surface active agent in the impregnating mixture is 0.5 to 5% by weight, preferably 1% to 3% by weight.
These percentages are based on the solids in the total composition of the mixture.

Since the Eoregoing substances are only slightly soluble in organic solvents, and are virtually insoluble in water, they are advantageously dispersed in water with the aid of suitable emulsifiers. It may also be found useful to adsorb these substances on highly dispersed silica or other customary finely divided fillers. These dispersions (whether adsorbed or not) are stirred into an aqueou.s dispPrsion of an elastomer or rubber-like polymer to produce the impregnating mixture of the present invention. In particular, mixtures of non-ionic and anionic emulsifiers in a 1:1 ratio have been found suitable.
More specifically, aromatic polyglycol ethers, alkyl sulfonates, or alkylaryl sulfonates can be used. In particular, nonyl phenol poly~,lycol ether is desirable.

The elastomer or rubber-like polymer is present in the mixture in an amount of 89.0% to 95.5% by weight, based on the wei~ht of solids in the total mixture. It forms the main component and may advantageously comprise:
butadiene styr~ene copolymers with a styrene content of ?3 to 55%, _9_ }

butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymers having a Mooney viscosity of about 40 to 160, preferably between 65 and 85, terpolymers of butadiene, styrene and acrylonitrile, acrylic acid butyl ester-acrylic acid copolymers or 5 mixtures thereof, aqueous acrylate copolymer dispersions containing a small quantity of acrylic and/or methacrylic acid and up to 15%
acrylonitrile, aqueous acrylate copolymers dispersions having butadiene 10 acrylonitrile and/or acrylic acid esters, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl chloride or polyvinylidene chloride as a component thereof; e.g. mixtures of butadiene-acrylonitrile co- or ter-polymers with polyvinyl acetate; as well as polyurethane latices and polychloroprene dispersions.

Among butadiene acrylonitrile or butadiene-styrene copolymers there may be used also relatively low molecular sticky types in the form o their latices.

The paper softeners constitute the third component of the mixture and are present in an amount of 2% to ~% by weight, 20 preferably 3% to 4% by weight, based on the amount of solids in the total mixture. Glycols and triethanolamine have been found particularly suitable. Depending upon the type and quantity of the addition, this preferably water soluble component provides a degree of hydrophilia in the finished paper. This 25 characteristic is of importance for subsequent treatment steps.

The impregnating mixture of the present invention is preferably used in the form of a 20% to 55% aqueous dispersion. The preferred range is 33% to 42~to~ The dispersion ~t -10- ` ' ~ 5~

may include, for modificc3tion of its properties in known manner, minor quantities of additional substances. ~nong these are viscosity regulators; such as polyacrylamides, polyvinylalcohols, and polyvinylpyrrolidone. In addition, precondensates such as water soluble urea or melamine formaldehyde resins containing free reactive groups may be included. More specifically, methylol ureas, methylol melamines, ~nd methylol acrylamide fall into this categoryO

The selection of these individual components is generally known in the artO The object is to obtain a relatively sof~, pliable paper which can be slightly crosslinked in a subsequent reaction to obtain the required stiffness and strength values in both the lengthwise and crosswise directions. IE the paper is to be used as a substrate for pressure sensitive masking tape, it must be flexible and soft, coatable, and impervious to coating agents, solvents, and dispersions. Since such tape is used by painters and lacquerers, it must have all of these properties in order to prevent leakage and, in addition, it should be as thin as possible.
. .
The fiber suspension or pulp should preferably consist of pure cellulose and advantageously it should be comminuted to between 18 and 38 SR. In the form of the invention in which the mixture is added in two parts, the first addition is ; advantageously carried out after the beating operation. An amount o 1% to ].2% by weight, preferably 2% to 4% by weight, based on the dry fiber or pulp is introduced.

When makin~ a lightweight paper having a weight oi up to approximately 80g/m2 the addition of a portion of the impregnating mixture to the pulp before sheet formation can be omitted. In that case, the entire quantity of the mixture is added to the paper web (which has a residual water content of 6% to 20%~ by means of, for example, a sizing press.

To further modify the properties of the paper, small amounts of customary additives such as sizing agents, natural resin soap (sodium resinate), alum, waxes, starch, animal glues, and caseln may be added. In addition, fillers such as alumina, chalk, metal oxides or salts, etc., as well as dyes may also be introduced. It is preferable to add these materials to the fiber suspension or pulp.

The wet strength agent is preferably added to the iber suspension or pulp in the form of an aqeuous dispersion before the breast box, but after the admixture of 0.~% to 0.5% alum.
The latter activates the fibers and catalyzes the bonding o the resin thereto. The wet strength agent, in a preferred form of the invention, comprises melamine or urea formaldehyde resins containing methylol groups and having a crosslinking action at elevated temperature. When using the impregnating mixture of the present invention, the amount of wet strength agent can be reduced by more than half, as compared with the quantity which would normally be used; for example, 2.4% can be used instead of 6.5%, based on the dry fiber or pulp.

The exaet quantities - as well as the ratios - of the substances to be added depend upon the web velocity in the wet section and on the throughput of the substances per unit time.
These amounts can be easily determined by a simple trial on the part of the person of ordinary skill.

If the paper is to be creped, this can be done on the wet roll with a thin, sharp scraper. This portion of the process can be carried out, at the earliest, at the point when the paper web being formed has sufficient strength to withstand the high stresses of this process. The fineness of the creping is governed primarily by the thickness of the scraper; the thinner the scraper, the finer will be the creping. It also depends upon the temperature of the creping cylinder, the speed thereof, as well as the position of the scraper relative to the cylinder surface. As an alternative to wet creping, the creping can be carried out on the finished paper product, after rewetting.

After removal from the creping cylinder, the web containing the additives enters the drying section of the papermaking machine. At this point, steam is driven off the web by the hot drying cylinders producing a residual water content of the web of 6% to 20%9 preferably 8% to 12%. An additional portion of the impregnating mixture is introduced by means of a suitable device; e.g. a sizing press. The amount used is such that the web, after drying will contain 7% to 60% by weight, preferably 15% to 40~/O by weight, of the mixture, based on the dry paper.
It has been found advantageous to operate with a 40% bath of the impregnating mixture at a running spead of 120 meters per minute. For example, there is ob~ained a 70 gram paper from a sh~et weight of 50 grams plus 20 ~rams of i~pregnating mixture addition. This would correspond to a mixture content of about 28.5%.

The heat treatment in the drying section of the paper-making machine causes the impregnating mixture to precipitate from the dispersion in a finely divided state. The other high molecular sizing substances which are present are slightly crosslinked under the action of the heat, and they, to~ether with the impregnating mixture, are anchored to the fibers. In this manner, it is possible to produce a suita'ble paper usin~ a much smaller quantity of rubber than woukl otherwise be possible under the prior art methods. At the same time, tne undesirable sticking and smearing of the hot cylinders and felts in the drying section is prevented, even at relative'ly high temperatures (115 to 130C~. Moreover, high running speeds of more than 100 meters per minute at a web width of over 2 meters can be obtained, without any tearing of ~he paper ~ we'b.

:`
By the use of the present method, impregnated smooth and creped papers can be produced in a simple manner, wit~out the necessity of the additional process steps which would otherwise be necessary. The papers can be used as substrates for th'e'' usual pressure sensitive adhesive tapes~ especially masking and packing tapesO

The following examples will serve to illustrate the present invention.

Example 1 1000 kg cellulose consisting of 690 kg conifer cellulose (500 kg highly bleached pine sulfate cellulosel long fiber, extra absorbent, and 190 kg unbleached pine sulfate cel]ulose), 280 kg deciduous cellulose ~140 kg birch sulfate cellulose and 140 kg beech sulfate cellulose) and 30 kg hydroxyethyl cellulose ("Cellusize", Union Carbide) were beaten in the beater to a degree of comminution oE 33~SR and diluted with water to a concentration of 0.5~/O.

An impregnating mixture was prepared from the following substances, based on 1000 kg cellulose and 400 kg of solids in the impregnating mixture.

Solids Total (kg) ~kg) (aq.
dispersion) Mixture of acrylic acid butyl ester-acrylic acid copolymer and poly-butadiene styrene ("Butofan DS
3255 X", çxperimental product of BASF) - 50% 355.55 711.12 Triethanolamine monostearate -10% 13.33 133.33 Polyethylene glycol of Average Mol. Wt. 570-630 ("Polydiol 600", Hoechst~ 6.67 6.67 triethanolamine 6.67 6.67 Foam inhibitor ("Nopco NDW", Nopco Chem.) 0.89 3.89 ,..

Melamine formaLdehyde pre-condensate ("Maprenal MF 900", Hoechst) 16.45 16.45 p-Toluene sulfonic acid - 1% 0.44 44.44 5 Water, desalinated 191.55 400.00 1111.12 Solids content of the dispersion: 36%

After beating, 20 kg of the solicl impregnating mixture were added to the fiber suspension which contains, based on the solid components of the total composition, 89% by weight elastomer, 3.3~/O by weight triethanolamino monostearate, and

3.3% by weight paper softener, in the form of 55.5 kg of a 36%
aqueous dispersion. Immediately thereafter, a mixture of 35A kg of a urea-formaldehyde resin ("Urecoll KL", BASF~ and 6 kg aluminum sulfate/sulfuric acid in the form of a 10% aqueous solution of pH 2.0 - 3.0 were added as the wet strength agent by means of a proportioning pump.

Thereafter, the mass was made into a paper web using a conventional papermaking machine over a screen section and wet press section (sheet formation, draining, drying). Th~e screen water had a pH value of 4.5 to 5Ø At a dry weight of about 38 to 42%, the web was creped by means of an apparatus consisting of a creping cylinder and scraper; the temperature after the creping cylinder rose to 105 to 125C.

As a residual water content of the paper web of about ~ to 12%, the entire remainder of the impregnating mixture (380 kg referred to solids) was then incorporated in the paper web in the form of the 36% aqueous dispersion, using a sizing press.
* denotes trade marks t~ -16-In the subsequent drying section, the support material wau brought to a temperature between 90 and 135C. at a machine speed of about 100 m/min. The prevailing residual moisture oX
the impregnated paper was 4.5 to 5.5U/o.

There was obtained a crepe paper having a sheet weight of 100 g/m2 (~ 2) and an elongation of 15%, which was highly suitable as a substra~e for the produc~ion of pressure-sensitive adhesive masking tapes.

Example 2 In the manner described in Example 1, an im~regnated crepe paper weighing 7~ g/m2 was produced for the manuLacture o~
masking tapes;

I Cellulose charge 1000 kg cellulose consisting of:
560 kg pine sulfate cellulose, long fiber, extra absorbent, bleached 200 kg pine sulfate cellulose, unbleached 240 kg eucalyptus cellulose Degree of Comminution: 19 SR
II Wet strength agent (added before breast box) 12 kg urea formaldehyde resin ("Urecoll KL" BASF) (as l~/o solution 0.5 kg alum/su].furic acid .

lll SheeC fo~m~tion, draining, dLying, creping IV At 6 to 9% residual water content of the web:
Addition of the impregnating mixture stated below (impregnating formula) by means of sizin~ press.

V Drying and smoothing of the impregnated crepe paper between felt and cylinders after the si~ing press at temperatures between 105 and 135C.
Impregnating formula:
Total Solids (kg) (kg) (aq.dispersion) Butadiene-acrylonitrile latex ("Synthomer~8155", Synthomer Chemie) 50% 80.00 40.00 Plasticizer-free copolymer of acrylic acid esters with vinyl -compounds ("Acronal~500 D", BASF) 50% 70.00 35.00 Emulsion on basis of distearoyl-dipropylene triamine - 20% 10.00 2.00 Triethanolamine - 100% 1.50 1.50 ~I Polyethylene glycol of Average Mol.Wt. 570-630 (I'Polydiol 600", - I
Hoechst~ 1.20 1.20 Foam inhibitor ("Nopco~NDW", Nopco Chem.) 0.30 0.30 Water, desalinated 37.00 ..
` 200.00 80.00 lo Solids content of the dispersion: ¦
40%
~o t-~s ~ de ~k ;

The residual moisture of the impregnated paper was adjusted to the tolerance as in Example 1.
There was obtained a crepe paper having a sheet weight of 70 (+ 2) g/m , which showed rupture load value of 36 N/cm at 15% elongation.

Example 3 As in Example l, an impregnated paper thermostable to about 180C was produced:
I Cellu]ose charge 700 kg pîne su]fate cellulose, long fiber, extra I absorbent, bleached 220 kg pine sulfate cellulose, unbleached 80 kg acrylic acid ester copolymer ("Basoplast~k 580 D", BASF) = 160 kg 50% dispersion 2 kg triethanolamino monostearate Degree of Comminution: 22 SR
II Wet strength agent (added before breast box) 12 kg urea-formaldehyde resin ("Urecoll KL", BASF) ( 10% solution 0.5 kg alum/sulfuric acid III Sheet formation, draining, drying IV At 10 to 12% residual water content of the web:
An impregnating mixture of the compo6ition listed below was added, using a sizing press.

e ~ e ~

V Drying, crosslinking and smoothing of the impregnated paper between felt and cylinders after the sizing press at temperatures between 105 and 135~C.

Impregnating formula: SolidsTotal (kg) (kg)(aq.dispersion) Butadiene-acrylonitrile latex, 35%, with 33% acrylonitrile and

4% methacrylic acid 70.00200.00 ("Perbuna~N Latex 3460 M", Bayer) Emulsion sn basis of polyvinyl-stearyl carbamate - 20% 2.00 lO.00 Triethanolamine 1.50 1.50 Low Visc. olyvinyl alcohol ("Polyviol~ 05/140", Wacker-Chemie~ 6.00 6.00 Polyethylene glycol ("Polydiol 600", Hoechst) 1.20 1~20 Defoamer ~'Nopco NDW'I, Nopco Chem.) 0.30 0.30 81.0021g.00 Solids content of the dispersion:
37%
An impregnated smooth paper having a sheet weight of go g/m2 was made.
While only a limited number of specific embodiments of the present invention have been expressly described, it is, nonetheless, to be broadly construed, and not to be limited except by the character of the c]aims appended hereto.

With regard to component (b) as a general principle all latices of elasl:omers - and rubber-like polymer types commonly used in papermaking processes are suitable in practicing the ~30 present invention.
s t r~

Claims

THE EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION IN WHICH AN EXCLUSIVE
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:

1. A method for the production of impregnated paper from a fiber suspension or pulp comprising the formation of a paper web having a residual water content of 6% to 20%
followed by treatment of said web with a mixture consisting essentially of the following percentages based on the weight of solids in said mixture (a) 0.5% to 5.0% of a silicone-free, adhesive repellent surface active agent, selected from the class consisting of organic compounds containing at least one alkyl or alkanoyl group having 12 to 21 carbon atoms and also containing at least one reactive polar group, (b) 89.0 % to 95.5% of an elastomer or rubber-like polymer, and -(c) 2.0% to 6.0% of a paper softener to said web in an amount such that said web, when dried, contains 7% to 60% by weight of said mixture based on the dry weight of said web.

2. The method according to Claim 1 wherein a primary amount of said mixture is added to said suspension or pulp prior to said formation, said primary amount being 1% to 12% based on the dry weight of said fiber or pulp.

3. The method according to Claim 1 wherein (a) is taken from the class consisting of N,N' diacyl compounds of polyalkylene polyamines having long chain hydrocarbon radicals, polyvinyl carbamates, triethanolamine monostearyl carbamate, glycerin monostearyl carbamate, pentaerythritol monostearyl carbamate, triethanolamino monostearate, triethanolamino monopalmitate, triethanolamino monooleate, glycerin-monostearate, reaction products of stearyl isocyanate with urea, melamine resins, or triethanolamine low molecular weight polybutadienes having at least one hydroxyl group and at least partially reacted with stearyl isocyanate, copolymers resulting from emulsion polymerization of maleic acid monoamides or maleic acid monoesters having long chain hydrocarbon radicals with styrene or its derivatives, said copolymers optionally containing crosslinking components with reactive functional groups, copolymers of butadiene with no more than 30% styrene in which are incorporated 2% to 20% maleic acid monoamides or monoesters, complex compounds of stearic acid with basic chromium chloride, and polytetrafluoroethylene.

4. The method according to Claim 3 wherein said diacyl compounds are N,N'-distearoyl dipropylene triamine or N,N'-dipalmitoyl triethylene tetramine.

5. The method according to Claim 1 wherein said alkyl or alkanoyl group is stearoyl or stearyl.

6. The method according to Claim 1 wherein said polar group is carboxyl, nitrile, amino, hydroxyl, ketene, or acid anhydride.

7. The method according to Claim 3 wherein said polyvinyl carbamates are polyvinyl-N-octadecyl carbamate or polyvinyl-N-pentadecyl carbamate.

8, The method according to Claim 1 wherein (b) is taken from the class consisting of butadiene-styrene copolymers having 23% to 55% styrene, butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymers having a Mooney viscosity of about 40 to 160, terpolymers of butadiene, styrene, and acrylonitrile, acrylic acid butyl ester-acrylic acid copolymers, aqueous acrylate copolymer dispersions having a small quantity of acrylic and/or methacrylic acid and up to 15%
acrylonitrile, and aqueous acrylate copolymer dispersions having butadiene acrylonitrile and/or acrylic esters, polyvinyl chloride, or polyvinylidine chloride as a component thereof.

9. The method according to Claim 8 wherein said butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymers have a Mooney viscosity of 65 to 85.

10. The method according to Claim 8 wherein said aqueous acrylate copolymer dispersions are mixtures of butadiene-acrylonitrile co- or ter-polymers with vinyl acetate;
polyurethane latices; or polychloroprene dispersions.

11. The method according to Claim 2 wherein said primary amount is 2% to 4%.

12. The method according to Claim 1 wherein said web, when dried, contains 15% to 40% of said mixture.

13. The method according to Claim 1 wherein said water content is 8% to 12%.

14. The method according to Claim 1 wherein (c) is present in an amount of 3% to 4%.

15. The method of Claim 1 wherein (c) is taken from the class consisting of glycols and triethanol amine.

16. The method of Claim 1 wherein (c) is water soluble.

17. The method of Claim 1 wherein said mixture is an aqueous dispersion having 20% to 55% solids.

18. The method of Claim 17 wherein said dispersion has 33%
to 42% solids.

19, The method of Claim 1 wherein said mixture further comprises viscosity regulators, pre-condensates, or water soluble urea or melamine formaldehyde resins containing free reactive groups.

20. The method of Claim 1 wherein said fiber suspension or pulp has a degree of comminution of 18° to 38° SR.

21. The method of Claim 2 wherein said primary amount is added after beating said fiber or pulp.

22. The method of Claim 1 wherein a wet strength agent is added to said fiber or pulp.

23. The method of Claim 22 wherein said wet strength agent is added before the breast box and after the addition of alum.

24. The method of Claim 22 wherein said wet strength agent is in the form of an aqueous dispersion.

25. The method of Claim 23 wherein there is 0.2% to 0.5%
alum present.

26. The method of Claim 22 wherein said wet strength agent is taken from the class consisting of melamine or urea formaldehyde resins containing at least one methylol group and having a crosslinking action at elevated temperature.

27. The method of Claim 1 wherein said paper web is creped.

23 The method of Claim 2 wherein there is 1% to 3% of (a) present.

29. The method of Claim 3 wherein said crosslinking components have carboxyl groups.

30. A method for the production of pressure sensitive adhesive films comprising coating the product of the process of Claim 1 with a pressure sensitive adhesive.