CA1180099A - Device for adjusting a movable electro-acoustic sound transducer - Google Patents
Device for adjusting a movable electro-acoustic sound transducerInfo
- Publication number
- CA1180099A CA1180099A CA000372334A CA372334A CA1180099A CA 1180099 A CA1180099 A CA 1180099A CA 000372334 A CA000372334 A CA 000372334A CA 372334 A CA372334 A CA 372334A CA 1180099 A CA1180099 A CA 1180099A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- speaker
- sound transducer
- optical duct
- duct
- tube
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005693 optoelectronics Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 210000003128 head Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241001415395 Spea Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002674 ointment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005236 sound signal Effects 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000001755 vocal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R1/08—Mouthpieces; Microphones; Attachments therefor
- H04R1/083—Special constructions of mouthpieces
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS OR SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
- G10L15/00—Speech recognition
- G10L15/28—Constructional details of speech recognition systems
Abstract
PHD. 80-037 ABSTRACT
In a device for adjusting a movable or electro-acoustic sound transducer an optical duct is connected the sound transducer, which only enables an object, such as for example a display table or a data display unit to be viewed completely in a specific position. This position is unambiguously reproducible and thus also the position of the sound transducer or microphone relative to the mouth of the speaker. The optical duct may be constituted by diaphragms or a tube, as the case may be with intermediate walls, or a phase grating or amplitude grating. In a special case, the object is a display device and the device in accordance with the invention further comprises a device for generating variable data on a display. Since during the speaker identification process the device for the gene-ration of variable data projects consecutive instructions on the display device, the speech recognition process can thus be controlled automatically. The speaker to be identified is then constantly forced to keep his mouth in the correct position relative to the microphone.
In a device for adjusting a movable or electro-acoustic sound transducer an optical duct is connected the sound transducer, which only enables an object, such as for example a display table or a data display unit to be viewed completely in a specific position. This position is unambiguously reproducible and thus also the position of the sound transducer or microphone relative to the mouth of the speaker. The optical duct may be constituted by diaphragms or a tube, as the case may be with intermediate walls, or a phase grating or amplitude grating. In a special case, the object is a display device and the device in accordance with the invention further comprises a device for generating variable data on a display. Since during the speaker identification process the device for the gene-ration of variable data projects consecutive instructions on the display device, the speech recognition process can thus be controlled automatically. The speaker to be identified is then constantly forced to keep his mouth in the correct position relative to the microphone.
Description
~o~
P~ID.80-037 1 9.1.~1 '1Device for adjusting a movable electro-acous-tic sound transducer"
The invention relates to a device f`or adjusting a movable electro-acoustic sound transducer to a specific reproducible position relative -to the mouth of a spea'ker.
~ any methods f`or the automatic recognition or identification of speakers and for word recognition employ lo~J~,fe r~
, the ,Long-~-t~r-~ spectrum or the variation in time of short-term spectra as the characteristic which is typical of the speaker or word. This characteristic can only be used if the frequency transfer function f`or the sound signal between the mouth9 or even between the vocal chords, and the signal processing system is reproducible, f'or which purpose the ~unction itself need not be knownO
As is known, both the radiation pattern o-f -the mouth and the directional characteristic of microphones are frequency-dependent. If during different speech samples the microphone is held in dif`ferent positions relative to the mouth, this will result in diff`erent frequency transf'er functions. The spectrum of the speech signal is also noticeably inf'luenced by the poise of the speaker's head. As a result of these effects a speech signal f'rom a speaker may dif'fer to such an extent from - a speech signal previously uttered by the same speaker in addition to the natural variations when the same sentence is repeated, that reliability of the identif'i-cation is substantially recLuced.
In order to obtain a well-def'ined position between the mouth of` the speaker and the microphone, the speaker can be given specific instructions. ~Iowever, experience teaches that in a larger system, which is u-tilized by many dif`f`erent persons, the instructions are not strictly adhered to. Another possibi:Lity is to establish a well-def`ined position of' the microphone ~k .
' ' , , - ' ' O~
P~ID.80-037 2 ~.1.81 relative to -the mouth by means of a fixed mechanical connection of the microphone to a headset or by means of a simple bracket. However? wearing a headset i9 ecperienced as inconvenient by many persons, for example bacause it may affect head coverings or, generally speaking, because of hygenic reasons. A system to be used by the public in general, as for example in -the banking trade, should therefore be capable of unambi-guously defining a specific position of the transducer relative to the mouth in a most convenient way.
Therefore, it is the object of the invention to provide a device of the type mentioned in the opening paragraph which guarantees a well-defined reproducible position of the microphone relative to the mouth of the speaker as well as a more or less well-defined position of the head, without requiring contac-t between the head `
and any mechanical parts of the device.
According to the invention this objec-t is achieved in that between the speaker and an object an optical duct cormected to the sound transducer is arranged so that the speaker can only fully recognize the object at the location of the specific position of -the transducer.
First of all this yields a well-defined repro-ducible adjustment of the device relative to the speaker's eyes and thereby a well-defined position of -the mouth of the speaker relative to the sound transducer. This adjustment is achieved without any contact wi-th -the device, apart from touching by the hands, whicll is general-ly accepted without any problems.
The well-de~ined position can also be obtained by a movement of the head. However, i-t is more effective to arrange the sound transducer with -the op-tical duct so as to be movable. The sound transducer may -then be a telephone receiver or a microphone.
~ n systems for identifying a spealcer said speaker enters some data, specifically a code number, PHD.80-037 3 9.1.~1 into the recognition system, in which the speaker's specific characteristics are stored and which compares the instantaneously produced speech signal or criteria derived therefrom with said characteristics. In order to simplify adjustment of the sound transducer it is then effective that the sound transducer and the optical duct are connected to an automatic adjusting device, which upon entry of said data or the code number sets the sound transducer to a position which is characteristic of the speaker.
The sound transducer and the optical duct may be arranged and constructed in various ways, as is defined in the subclaims. In principle the construction of the object is arbitrary. However, since for the purpose of speaker identi~ication in conjunction with a :~inancial transaction and for said transaction itself generally a display device for transferring data is required, the object is suitably a surface with graphical symbols or an opto-electronic display device. In speaker identi-fication systems it is particularly advantageous if the object is a display device and if the device in accordance with -the invention furthermore comprises a device for the generation of variable data on the di.splay device. In these cases it is particularly simple to display variable data on the device, as for example a decision taken by the system such as "recognised", "not-recogni.sed" or variable data in the form of instruc-tions for the speaker to be identified. Such anembodiment of the device in accordance with the invention namely has the following advantages:
1. It ensures a correct position of the moutll of the spealcer relative to the microphone.
P~ID.80-037 1 9.1.~1 '1Device for adjusting a movable electro-acous-tic sound transducer"
The invention relates to a device f`or adjusting a movable electro-acoustic sound transducer to a specific reproducible position relative -to the mouth of a spea'ker.
~ any methods f`or the automatic recognition or identification of speakers and for word recognition employ lo~J~,fe r~
, the ,Long-~-t~r-~ spectrum or the variation in time of short-term spectra as the characteristic which is typical of the speaker or word. This characteristic can only be used if the frequency transfer function f`or the sound signal between the mouth9 or even between the vocal chords, and the signal processing system is reproducible, f'or which purpose the ~unction itself need not be knownO
As is known, both the radiation pattern o-f -the mouth and the directional characteristic of microphones are frequency-dependent. If during different speech samples the microphone is held in dif`ferent positions relative to the mouth, this will result in diff`erent frequency transf'er functions. The spectrum of the speech signal is also noticeably inf'luenced by the poise of the speaker's head. As a result of these effects a speech signal f'rom a speaker may dif'fer to such an extent from - a speech signal previously uttered by the same speaker in addition to the natural variations when the same sentence is repeated, that reliability of the identif'i-cation is substantially recLuced.
In order to obtain a well-def'ined position between the mouth of` the speaker and the microphone, the speaker can be given specific instructions. ~Iowever, experience teaches that in a larger system, which is u-tilized by many dif`f`erent persons, the instructions are not strictly adhered to. Another possibi:Lity is to establish a well-def`ined position of' the microphone ~k .
' ' , , - ' ' O~
P~ID.80-037 2 ~.1.81 relative to -the mouth by means of a fixed mechanical connection of the microphone to a headset or by means of a simple bracket. However? wearing a headset i9 ecperienced as inconvenient by many persons, for example bacause it may affect head coverings or, generally speaking, because of hygenic reasons. A system to be used by the public in general, as for example in -the banking trade, should therefore be capable of unambi-guously defining a specific position of the transducer relative to the mouth in a most convenient way.
Therefore, it is the object of the invention to provide a device of the type mentioned in the opening paragraph which guarantees a well-defined reproducible position of the microphone relative to the mouth of the speaker as well as a more or less well-defined position of the head, without requiring contac-t between the head `
and any mechanical parts of the device.
According to the invention this objec-t is achieved in that between the speaker and an object an optical duct cormected to the sound transducer is arranged so that the speaker can only fully recognize the object at the location of the specific position of -the transducer.
First of all this yields a well-defined repro-ducible adjustment of the device relative to the speaker's eyes and thereby a well-defined position of -the mouth of the speaker relative to the sound transducer. This adjustment is achieved without any contact wi-th -the device, apart from touching by the hands, whicll is general-ly accepted without any problems.
The well-de~ined position can also be obtained by a movement of the head. However, i-t is more effective to arrange the sound transducer with -the op-tical duct so as to be movable. The sound transducer may -then be a telephone receiver or a microphone.
~ n systems for identifying a spealcer said speaker enters some data, specifically a code number, PHD.80-037 3 9.1.~1 into the recognition system, in which the speaker's specific characteristics are stored and which compares the instantaneously produced speech signal or criteria derived therefrom with said characteristics. In order to simplify adjustment of the sound transducer it is then effective that the sound transducer and the optical duct are connected to an automatic adjusting device, which upon entry of said data or the code number sets the sound transducer to a position which is characteristic of the speaker.
The sound transducer and the optical duct may be arranged and constructed in various ways, as is defined in the subclaims. In principle the construction of the object is arbitrary. However, since for the purpose of speaker identi~ication in conjunction with a :~inancial transaction and for said transaction itself generally a display device for transferring data is required, the object is suitably a surface with graphical symbols or an opto-electronic display device. In speaker identi-fication systems it is particularly advantageous if the object is a display device and if the device in accordance with -the invention furthermore comprises a device for the generation of variable data on the di.splay device. In these cases it is particularly simple to display variable data on the device, as for example a decision taken by the system such as "recognised", "not-recogni.sed" or variable data in the form of instruc-tions for the speaker to be identified. Such anembodiment of the device in accordance with the invention namely has the following advantages:
1. It ensures a correct position of the moutll of the spealcer relative to the microphone.
2. This device enables the method of iden-tifying a speaker to be controllecl automatica:Lly by projecting instructions on -the display dev:ice.
3. During the speaker identification process the speaker is forced to remain in the correct position relative PHD.~O-O37 4 9,1.81 to the microphone, because the instructions can only be read in this position.
The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the drawingO In -the drawing:
Fig. 1 represents a telephone receiver secured to an optical duct, Fig. 2 represen-ts a simple optical duct associated with a microphone, Fig. 3 represents an optical duct comprising two diaphragms, Fig. l~ represen-ts an optical duc-t in -the form of a -tube with intermediate walls, Fig. 5 represents an optical duct with sound transducers secured to a cylinder segment.
In the device in accordance with the invention shown in Fig. 1 an optical duct in the form of a tube 159 which is open at both ends, is secured -to a telephone receiver 6 wi-th the microphone capsule 1 via a rnount 5, said tube being closed by an object in the form o~ a display device 2. The axis 16 of the-tube 15 is directed a-t -the eye of a speaker 3, who can fully observe display device 2 only in -the position shown. The microphone capsule I of the receiver is then au-toma-tically in a well-defined position relative to the mouth of the speaker 3.
Sui-tably, the device in accordance with the invention further comprises a device 13 for generating variable data on the display device 2. Said device 13 may for example be a slide projector. During -the speech recogni-tion process -the device 13 may for example projec-t instructlons or informa-t:ion for -the speaker to be identified on-to -the display device 2~ If -the device 13 is then controlled by an automatic -processor (no-t shown in -the ~igure), this enables -the speech recognition process and thus -the actions of the speaker to be iden-t:i-fied to be controlled automatically by means of instruc-tions on the display device 2.
.
.
~8~ 9 PHD.80-037 5 9.1.81 Since the speaker can only observe these instruc-tions if his eyes are in the indicated position relative to the tube 15 (which position corresponds to the afore-mentioned desired position of his mouth relative to the microphone capsule 1), he is forced to keep his mouth in the correct position relative to the microphone capsule 1 during the entire speaker iden-tification process, thereby guaranteeing suitable conditions for speaker identi~ication.
Although the device 13 is not shown in the next Figures, it is obvious that such a device may also be used in the embodiments shown in Figs. 2 to 5.
Fig. 2 shows a sound transducer in the form o~
a microphone 1 arranged in the tube 7', which is formed with lateral apertures in order to avoid distinct resonances. Al-ternatively the tube 7' may be formed Prom a meshed material. A mount 7 is secured to the tube, which mount is fixed to the holder 4 so as to be pivotable and vertically movable, as is indicated by the arrows~ v~a a device 9. The device 9 may for example comprise a motor controlled by an identification system, not shown, which adjusts the rod 7 perpendicularly rela-tive to a position associated with the relevant speaker, so that the speaker need only apply minor corrections by pivoting the device.
On the one end of the tube 7' there is arranged a diaphragm 11 and on the other end an object 2 in the form oP the writing tablet or display device. ~ speaker 3 located in front of the -tube 7' then pivots the -tube 7', 9 0 that the apertures in the diaphragm 11 just reveal the entire display device 2.
Fig. 3 shows a different embodimen-t in which the microphone 1 as well as the diaphragm 11 and a further diaphragm 12 are mounted on a fi~ed holder L~ via a parallelogram guide by means of the mounts 7 and 8. The lower mount 7 is provided with a counterweight 10, so that after adjustment the adjusted position is maintained.
PHD.80-037 6 9.1.81 By the use of two diaphragms the tolerance range o~ the position in which the object 2 can be observed completely through the apertures of the diaphragm 11 and 12 is further reduced, so that the adjustment is more accurate.
Fig. ~ is a side view of a laterally open tube 15, which surrounds a display device 2. In this tube two intermediate walls 18 and 19 are arranged in the viewing direction. ~s a resul-t of -this, a speaker 3 can completely view the entire surface area of -the display device 2. However, a speaker 3' can only observe the display device 2 partlyS as shown in the ~igure.
Between the viewer 3 and the display device 2 there is arranged a phase grating or amplitude grating 20, which also enables the complete display device 2 to be observed from a speci~ic viewing direction only.
The intermediate walls 18 and 19 may -then be dispensed with.
In a housing 23, as is shown in Figure 5, a circularly cylindrical segment 21 is arranged so as to be rotatable about an axis 22. The surface of this circular cylinder is interrupted at one end by a tubular optical duct 15, whose other end is terminated by a display device 2. This display device may also be ~arranged near the axis 22. Furthermore, there is provided a projecting portion 15' on the surface of the circularly cylinder segment 21 in line with the optical duct 15, which ensures that the speaker 3 remains at a specific distance from the microphone 1, which microphone is arranged underneath -the optical duct 15 in the circularly cylindrical segment 21. IJnderneath -the circu-larly cylindrical segment 21 a slot 24 is ~ormed through which an identification card may be insertecl or for example cash may be handed over.
The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the drawingO In -the drawing:
Fig. 1 represents a telephone receiver secured to an optical duct, Fig. 2 represen-ts a simple optical duct associated with a microphone, Fig. 3 represents an optical duct comprising two diaphragms, Fig. l~ represen-ts an optical duc-t in -the form of a -tube with intermediate walls, Fig. 5 represents an optical duct with sound transducers secured to a cylinder segment.
In the device in accordance with the invention shown in Fig. 1 an optical duct in the form of a tube 159 which is open at both ends, is secured -to a telephone receiver 6 wi-th the microphone capsule 1 via a rnount 5, said tube being closed by an object in the form o~ a display device 2. The axis 16 of the-tube 15 is directed a-t -the eye of a speaker 3, who can fully observe display device 2 only in -the position shown. The microphone capsule I of the receiver is then au-toma-tically in a well-defined position relative to the mouth of the speaker 3.
Sui-tably, the device in accordance with the invention further comprises a device 13 for generating variable data on the display device 2. Said device 13 may for example be a slide projector. During -the speech recogni-tion process -the device 13 may for example projec-t instructlons or informa-t:ion for -the speaker to be identified on-to -the display device 2~ If -the device 13 is then controlled by an automatic -processor (no-t shown in -the ~igure), this enables -the speech recognition process and thus -the actions of the speaker to be iden-t:i-fied to be controlled automatically by means of instruc-tions on the display device 2.
.
.
~8~ 9 PHD.80-037 5 9.1.81 Since the speaker can only observe these instruc-tions if his eyes are in the indicated position relative to the tube 15 (which position corresponds to the afore-mentioned desired position of his mouth relative to the microphone capsule 1), he is forced to keep his mouth in the correct position relative to the microphone capsule 1 during the entire speaker iden-tification process, thereby guaranteeing suitable conditions for speaker identi~ication.
Although the device 13 is not shown in the next Figures, it is obvious that such a device may also be used in the embodiments shown in Figs. 2 to 5.
Fig. 2 shows a sound transducer in the form o~
a microphone 1 arranged in the tube 7', which is formed with lateral apertures in order to avoid distinct resonances. Al-ternatively the tube 7' may be formed Prom a meshed material. A mount 7 is secured to the tube, which mount is fixed to the holder 4 so as to be pivotable and vertically movable, as is indicated by the arrows~ v~a a device 9. The device 9 may for example comprise a motor controlled by an identification system, not shown, which adjusts the rod 7 perpendicularly rela-tive to a position associated with the relevant speaker, so that the speaker need only apply minor corrections by pivoting the device.
On the one end of the tube 7' there is arranged a diaphragm 11 and on the other end an object 2 in the form oP the writing tablet or display device. ~ speaker 3 located in front of the -tube 7' then pivots the -tube 7', 9 0 that the apertures in the diaphragm 11 just reveal the entire display device 2.
Fig. 3 shows a different embodimen-t in which the microphone 1 as well as the diaphragm 11 and a further diaphragm 12 are mounted on a fi~ed holder L~ via a parallelogram guide by means of the mounts 7 and 8. The lower mount 7 is provided with a counterweight 10, so that after adjustment the adjusted position is maintained.
PHD.80-037 6 9.1.81 By the use of two diaphragms the tolerance range o~ the position in which the object 2 can be observed completely through the apertures of the diaphragm 11 and 12 is further reduced, so that the adjustment is more accurate.
Fig. ~ is a side view of a laterally open tube 15, which surrounds a display device 2. In this tube two intermediate walls 18 and 19 are arranged in the viewing direction. ~s a resul-t of -this, a speaker 3 can completely view the entire surface area of -the display device 2. However, a speaker 3' can only observe the display device 2 partlyS as shown in the ~igure.
Between the viewer 3 and the display device 2 there is arranged a phase grating or amplitude grating 20, which also enables the complete display device 2 to be observed from a speci~ic viewing direction only.
The intermediate walls 18 and 19 may -then be dispensed with.
In a housing 23, as is shown in Figure 5, a circularly cylindrical segment 21 is arranged so as to be rotatable about an axis 22. The surface of this circular cylinder is interrupted at one end by a tubular optical duct 15, whose other end is terminated by a display device 2. This display device may also be ~arranged near the axis 22. Furthermore, there is provided a projecting portion 15' on the surface of the circularly cylinder segment 21 in line with the optical duct 15, which ensures that the speaker 3 remains at a specific distance from the microphone 1, which microphone is arranged underneath -the optical duct 15 in the circularly cylindrical segment 21. IJnderneath -the circu-larly cylindrical segment 21 a slot 24 is ~ormed through which an identification card may be insertecl or for example cash may be handed over.
Claims (16)
1. A device for adjusting the relative position of an electro-acoustic sound transducer to a desired relative position with respect to the mouth of a speaker, charac-terized in that, the device further comprises an optical duct and an object, the object being positioned along the central line through the optical duct and both the object and the duct being coupled to the sound transducer so that the speaker can fully see the object along the optical duct when the sound transducer is located at the desired relative position.
2. A device as claimed in Claim 1, characterized in that the sound transducer is the microphone capsule of a telephone receiver, to which the optical duct and the object are secured in such a way that the object is more remote from the speaker than the capsule of the receiver.
3. A device as claimed in Claim 1, characterized in that the sound transducer and the optical duct are arranged on a pivotable elongate mount.
4. A device as claimed in Claim 3, characterized in that the sound transducer and the optical duct are arranged on the mount so as to be movable in parallel on a fixed holder by means of a parallelogram guide.
5. A device as claimed in Claim 3 or 4, charac-terized in that the mount is vertically movable on a fixed holder.
6. A device as claimed in Claim 1, characterized in that at least the sound transducer and the optical duct are connected to the curved surface of a circularly cylin-drical segment which is rotatable about its axis
7. A device as claimed in Claim 3, characterized in that the sound transducer and the optical duct are con-nected to an automatic control device, which upon entry of some data in particular a code number, sets the sound PHD. 80-037 8 transducer to a position which is characteristic of the speaker.
8. A device as claimed in Claim 3, characterized in that the object is connected to the optical duct and the sound transducer respectively.
9. A device as claimed in Claim 1, characterized in that the optical duct comprises at least one optical diaphragm, which is arranged near the speaker between the speaker and the object.
10. A device as claimed in Claim 1, characterized in that the optical duct is a tube which is open at both ends, whose axis extends in the viewing direction, which tube or is extension surrounds the object.
11. A device as claimed in Claim 10, characterized in that the tube is also laterally open.
12. A device as claimed in Claim 10 or 11, charac-terized in that inside the tube intermediate walls are arranged which extend in the viewing direction.
13. A device as claimed in Claim 1, characterized in that phase gratings or amplitude gratings are arranged in the optical duct.
14. A device as claimed in Claim 1, characterized in that the object is a surface with graphical symbols.
15. A device as claimed in Claim 1, characterized in that the object is an opto-electronic display device.
16. A device as claimed in Claim 1, characterized in that the object is a display device and further com-prises a device for generating variable data on the dis-play device.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEP3009404.3 | 1980-03-12 | ||
| DE19803009404 DE3009404A1 (en) | 1980-03-12 | 1980-03-12 | DEVICE FOR ADJUSTING A MOVABLE ELECTROACUTIC SOUND TRANSDUCER |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1180099A true CA1180099A (en) | 1984-12-27 |
Family
ID=6096938
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000372334A Expired CA1180099A (en) | 1980-03-12 | 1981-03-05 | Device for adjusting a movable electro-acoustic sound transducer |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4445229A (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS56140795A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1180099A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3009404A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES500222A0 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2478416A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2071962B (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0126783A1 (en) * | 1983-05-25 | 1984-12-05 | Head Stereo GmbH , Kopfbezogene Aufnahme- und Wiedergabetechnik & Co. Messtechnik KG | Wide-band, noise-free, high-dynamic range dummy head with high fidelity reproduction of hearing stimuli |
| US4777649A (en) * | 1985-10-22 | 1988-10-11 | Speech Systems, Inc. | Acoustic feedback control of microphone positioning and speaking volume |
| JPS63187495U (en) * | 1987-05-26 | 1988-11-30 | ||
| JPH01195499A (en) * | 1988-01-30 | 1989-08-07 | Toshiba Corp | Sound input device |
| US4916435A (en) * | 1988-05-10 | 1990-04-10 | Guardian Technologies, Inc. | Remote confinement monitoring station and system incorporating same |
| US6952672B2 (en) * | 2001-04-25 | 2005-10-04 | International Business Machines Corporation | Audio source position detection and audio adjustment |
| US9124972B2 (en) | 2001-12-18 | 2015-09-01 | Intel Corporation | Voice-bearing light |
| AU2003265583C1 (en) * | 2002-08-20 | 2009-05-21 | Cyvera Corporation | Diffraction grating-based optical identification element |
| US7164533B2 (en) * | 2003-01-22 | 2007-01-16 | Cyvera Corporation | Hybrid random bead/chip based microarray |
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| US20050227252A1 (en) * | 2002-08-20 | 2005-10-13 | Moon John A | Diffraction grating-based encoded articles for multiplexed experiments |
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| US7441703B2 (en) * | 2002-08-20 | 2008-10-28 | Illumina, Inc. | Optical reader for diffraction grating-based encoded optical identification elements |
| EP1535242A1 (en) * | 2002-08-20 | 2005-06-01 | Cyvera Corporation | Diffraction grating-based encoded micro-particles for multiplexed experiments |
| US7901630B2 (en) * | 2002-08-20 | 2011-03-08 | Illumina, Inc. | Diffraction grating-based encoded microparticle assay stick |
| US7508608B2 (en) * | 2004-11-17 | 2009-03-24 | Illumina, Inc. | Lithographically fabricated holographic optical identification element |
| US20100255603A9 (en) | 2002-09-12 | 2010-10-07 | Putnam Martin A | Method and apparatus for aligning microbeads in order to interrogate the same |
| WO2004025562A1 (en) * | 2002-09-12 | 2004-03-25 | Cyvera Corp. | Method and apparatus for labelling using diffraction grating-based encoded optical identification elements |
| US7092160B2 (en) * | 2002-09-12 | 2006-08-15 | Illumina, Inc. | Method of manufacturing of diffraction grating-based optical identification element |
| CA2498916A1 (en) * | 2002-09-12 | 2004-03-25 | Cyvera Corporation | Chemical synthesis using diffraction grating-based encoded optical elements |
| AU2003270726A1 (en) * | 2002-09-12 | 2004-04-30 | Cidra Corporation | Diffraction grating-based encoded micro-particles for multiplexed experiments |
| WO2004025560A1 (en) * | 2002-09-12 | 2004-03-25 | Cyvera Corporation | Assay stick comprising coded microbeads |
| US20060057729A1 (en) * | 2003-09-12 | 2006-03-16 | Illumina, Inc. | Diffraction grating-based encoded element having a substance disposed thereon |
| US7433123B2 (en) | 2004-02-19 | 2008-10-07 | Illumina, Inc. | Optical identification element having non-waveguide photosensitive substrate with diffraction grating therein |
| WO2006020363A2 (en) | 2004-07-21 | 2006-02-23 | Illumina, Inc. | Method and apparatus for drug product tracking using encoded optical identification elements |
| WO2006055736A1 (en) | 2004-11-16 | 2006-05-26 | Illumina, Inc. | And methods and apparatus for reading coded microbeads |
| US7604173B2 (en) * | 2004-11-16 | 2009-10-20 | Illumina, Inc. | Holographically encoded elements for microarray and other tagging labeling applications, and method and apparatus for making and reading the same |
| WO2006055735A2 (en) | 2004-11-16 | 2006-05-26 | Illumina, Inc | Scanner having spatial light modulator |
| US7623624B2 (en) * | 2005-11-22 | 2009-11-24 | Illumina, Inc. | Method and apparatus for labeling using optical identification elements characterized by X-ray diffraction |
| US7830575B2 (en) * | 2006-04-10 | 2010-11-09 | Illumina, Inc. | Optical scanner with improved scan time |
| JP5489537B2 (en) * | 2009-06-01 | 2014-05-14 | キヤノン株式会社 | Sound reproduction system, sound reproduction device, and control method thereof |
Family Cites Families (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1805594A (en) * | 1930-03-29 | 1931-05-19 | American Telephone & Telegraph | Communicating system |
| US3116365A (en) * | 1961-12-18 | 1963-12-31 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Alignment device |
| DE1183950B (en) * | 1963-08-30 | 1964-12-23 | Telefunken Patent | Stem microphone |
| US3495908A (en) * | 1966-12-29 | 1970-02-17 | Clare H Rea | Visual telephone subscriber alignment apparatus |
| DE1295619B (en) * | 1967-03-17 | 1969-05-22 | Siemens Ag | Device for television telephony |
| US3532815A (en) * | 1967-04-04 | 1970-10-06 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Visual telephone subscriber alignment apparatus |
| US3544715A (en) * | 1967-07-25 | 1970-12-01 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Telephone-television substation apparatus |
| FR2131787B1 (en) * | 1970-10-22 | 1974-03-22 | Matra Engins | |
| US3970792A (en) * | 1975-02-18 | 1976-07-20 | International Telephone And Telegraph Corporation | Adjustable mounting structure for video telephone unit |
| DE2554229A1 (en) * | 1975-12-03 | 1977-06-16 | Licentia Gmbh | Directional microphone with light passing through aperture - to give light cone coincident with best reception lobe of microphone |
| GB1571714A (en) * | 1977-04-13 | 1980-07-16 | Kef Electronics Ltd | Loudspeakers |
| US4115659A (en) * | 1977-06-16 | 1978-09-19 | Abram N. Spanel | Electroacoustical telephone adapter |
-
1980
- 1980-03-12 DE DE19803009404 patent/DE3009404A1/en active Granted
-
1981
- 1981-02-23 US US06/237,053 patent/US4445229A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1981-03-05 CA CA000372334A patent/CA1180099A/en not_active Expired
- 1981-03-06 GB GB8107128A patent/GB2071962B/en not_active Expired
- 1981-03-10 ES ES500222A patent/ES500222A0/en active Granted
- 1981-03-10 JP JP3328081A patent/JPS56140795A/en active Granted
- 1981-03-11 FR FR8104853A patent/FR2478416A1/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0139119B2 (en) | 1989-08-18 |
| FR2478416B1 (en) | 1984-05-04 |
| FR2478416A1 (en) | 1981-09-18 |
| GB2071962B (en) | 1984-07-11 |
| GB2071962A (en) | 1981-09-23 |
| ES8202665A1 (en) | 1982-02-01 |
| JPS56140795A (en) | 1981-11-04 |
| US4445229A (en) | 1984-04-24 |
| DE3009404A1 (en) | 1981-09-17 |
| ES500222A0 (en) | 1982-02-01 |
| DE3009404C2 (en) | 1989-03-09 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| MKEX | Expiry |