CA1176089A - Telescopic gun sight - Google Patents
Telescopic gun sightInfo
- Publication number
- CA1176089A CA1176089A CA000387760A CA387760A CA1176089A CA 1176089 A CA1176089 A CA 1176089A CA 000387760 A CA000387760 A CA 000387760A CA 387760 A CA387760 A CA 387760A CA 1176089 A CA1176089 A CA 1176089A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- reticule
- telescope
- gunsight
- sight
- indicia
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41G—WEAPON SIGHTS; AIMING
- F41G1/00—Sighting devices
- F41G1/38—Telescopic sights specially adapted for smallarms or ordnance; Supports or mountings therefor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
- G02B23/02—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices involving prisms or mirrors
- G02B23/10—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices involving prisms or mirrors reflecting into the field of view additional indications, e.g. from collimator
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
- G02B23/14—Viewfinders
Abstract
ABSTRACT
A telescopic sight including primary and secondary reticules separately disposed within separate image planes formed at respec-tive opposite ends of an inverting tube. The secondary reticule is selectively retractable between a first position lying within the field of view of the scope and a second position lying outside the field of view of the scope. A pair of control knobs provide independent adjustability to relatively position the separate reticules with respect to the image viewed through the scope. The secondary reticule is mounted for selective presentation of one of a plurality of reticule surfaces carried by the reticule, with each reticule surface bearing engraved indicia for determining target range and for compensating for bullet drop.
A telescopic sight including primary and secondary reticules separately disposed within separate image planes formed at respec-tive opposite ends of an inverting tube. The secondary reticule is selectively retractable between a first position lying within the field of view of the scope and a second position lying outside the field of view of the scope. A pair of control knobs provide independent adjustability to relatively position the separate reticules with respect to the image viewed through the scope. The secondary reticule is mounted for selective presentation of one of a plurality of reticule surfaces carried by the reticule, with each reticule surface bearing engraved indicia for determining target range and for compensating for bullet drop.
Description
o l~ ~
E3ACKGROUND OF THE INVENTIO~I
The invention relates to telescopic sights for use in connection with firearms.
Present telescopic sights used on rifles and other fire-arms, generally comprise a cross-hair reticule positioned within the scope for referencing the hunter's vision with respect to a target. A hunter "sights in" or "zeros" the scope by firing bullets in a trial~by-error method and repetitively adjusts the reticule in the scope until the center of the cross-hair of the reticule aligns with the impact position of the bullet on the target. Such a method of zeroing a rifle requires considerable time and the costly firing of bullets.
United States Patent No. 2,094,623 issued to F. E. Stokey in 1937, discloses a telescopic sight in which two reticules are utilized to enable the rifle to be zeroed in with a single shot.
The Stokey device, however, was quite expensive and complicated.
Also, because the hunter always views two reticules within his field of vision through the scope, it was quite possible that the hunter would inadvertently sight on the incorrect reticule. ~lso, the reticule which was sighted in on target, could be off center from the field of vision through the scope causing further confu-sion and irritation to the hunter. Further, the hunter was shooting upside down with the Stokey scope, because the image through the scope was inverted due to the use of an objective and an ocular lens.
While the Stokey scope of 1937 suggested one-shot sighting, the inherent disadvantages, expense and complication of the system voided its general use. Since 1937, the prior art has suggested the use of an inverting tube to erect the object to be viewed through the scope by the hunter thus, eliminating upside down shooting by the hunter. The use of an inverting tube further establishes the center of the cross-hair wires at the center of the scope's field of vision despite adjustment of the cross-hair reticule relative to the image being viewed. The advent of the inverting ~i i7~Q~9 tube was thus well received by the hunter.
When using an inverting tube within a scope, the reticule is positioned at the eye piece end of the tube. This is because the positioning of the reticule at the object end of the inverting tube causes the ma~nification of the cross-hairs of the reticule at high powers of the scope, particularly where the scope has zoom capabilities for changing the object's magnification. Such magni-fication of the cross-hair wires is annoying to the hunter, blocking portions of his view. Thus, present day scope manufacturers utilize an inverting tube with cross-hair wires positioned at the eye piece end of the inverting tube.
~ esides the problem of multiple firings to sight-in present day scopes, a problem of parallax exists when using the scope to shoot at close range. Parallax is caused by the cross-hair wires lying outside the image plane in conjunction with the hunter varying the position of his eye relative to the scope as he does not each time look across the cross-hairs at the same visual angle.
Further problems with such conventional scopes include the addition of devices which serve to approximate range and determine the "hold over" or aiming point in view of the range of the target.
Particularly, the rifleman must judge the distance of the object and then compensate for the drop of the bullet in view of the weight and velocity of the bullet. Thus r the hunter must point the scope above the target in order for the bullet to drop onto the target.
Such range finding devices include, for example, the use of a transparent reticule disc at one end of an inverter tube, which bears separate circles for denoting range, see for example U.S. Patent 3,392,~50 issued to G. L. ~erter et al. on July 16, 1~68. Other such range defining devices include stadia lines which take the form of two parallelly disposed horizontal lines positiored across the field of view of the hunter for his use to determine whether the object fits within the lines in order to
E3ACKGROUND OF THE INVENTIO~I
The invention relates to telescopic sights for use in connection with firearms.
Present telescopic sights used on rifles and other fire-arms, generally comprise a cross-hair reticule positioned within the scope for referencing the hunter's vision with respect to a target. A hunter "sights in" or "zeros" the scope by firing bullets in a trial~by-error method and repetitively adjusts the reticule in the scope until the center of the cross-hair of the reticule aligns with the impact position of the bullet on the target. Such a method of zeroing a rifle requires considerable time and the costly firing of bullets.
United States Patent No. 2,094,623 issued to F. E. Stokey in 1937, discloses a telescopic sight in which two reticules are utilized to enable the rifle to be zeroed in with a single shot.
The Stokey device, however, was quite expensive and complicated.
Also, because the hunter always views two reticules within his field of vision through the scope, it was quite possible that the hunter would inadvertently sight on the incorrect reticule. ~lso, the reticule which was sighted in on target, could be off center from the field of vision through the scope causing further confu-sion and irritation to the hunter. Further, the hunter was shooting upside down with the Stokey scope, because the image through the scope was inverted due to the use of an objective and an ocular lens.
While the Stokey scope of 1937 suggested one-shot sighting, the inherent disadvantages, expense and complication of the system voided its general use. Since 1937, the prior art has suggested the use of an inverting tube to erect the object to be viewed through the scope by the hunter thus, eliminating upside down shooting by the hunter. The use of an inverting tube further establishes the center of the cross-hair wires at the center of the scope's field of vision despite adjustment of the cross-hair reticule relative to the image being viewed. The advent of the inverting ~i i7~Q~9 tube was thus well received by the hunter.
When using an inverting tube within a scope, the reticule is positioned at the eye piece end of the tube. This is because the positioning of the reticule at the object end of the inverting tube causes the ma~nification of the cross-hairs of the reticule at high powers of the scope, particularly where the scope has zoom capabilities for changing the object's magnification. Such magni-fication of the cross-hair wires is annoying to the hunter, blocking portions of his view. Thus, present day scope manufacturers utilize an inverting tube with cross-hair wires positioned at the eye piece end of the inverting tube.
~ esides the problem of multiple firings to sight-in present day scopes, a problem of parallax exists when using the scope to shoot at close range. Parallax is caused by the cross-hair wires lying outside the image plane in conjunction with the hunter varying the position of his eye relative to the scope as he does not each time look across the cross-hairs at the same visual angle.
Further problems with such conventional scopes include the addition of devices which serve to approximate range and determine the "hold over" or aiming point in view of the range of the target.
Particularly, the rifleman must judge the distance of the object and then compensate for the drop of the bullet in view of the weight and velocity of the bullet. Thus r the hunter must point the scope above the target in order for the bullet to drop onto the target.
Such range finding devices include, for example, the use of a transparent reticule disc at one end of an inverter tube, which bears separate circles for denoting range, see for example U.S. Patent 3,392,~50 issued to G. L. ~erter et al. on July 16, 1~68. Other such range defining devices include stadia lines which take the form of two parallelly disposed horizontal lines positiored across the field of view of the hunter for his use to determine whether the object fits within the lines in order to
2--gauge distance of a targeted object.
All of these range Einding devices add clutter to the hunter's field of vision and are particularly annoying when the hunter is shooting at close range and thus not using the range finding devices.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
=
According to the invention there is provided a gunsight comprising a range finding and compensating telescope reticule, said reticule including a first reticule surface bearing first indicia and a second reticule surface bearing second indicia;
and mounting means for mounting said reticule in the gunsight, said mounting means manually controllable for selective presentation of a sole one of said first and said second reticule surfaces in a position for display in the field of view of the gunsight.
0 8 g o~ter.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a side view of a rifle having a telescopie sight embodimen-t of the present invention~
FIG. 2 is a center sectional view of the telescopie sight embodiment of FIG. 1, particularly showing inverting tube 27 rotated 45 from its normal position in order to illustrate its erecting lens moving structure.
FIG. 3 is a sectional plan view taken along 3-3 of the telescopic sight embodiment of FIG. 2.
FIG. 4 is a general cross sectional view of the telescopie sight embodiment of FIG. 1.
FIG. 5 is a portion of a cross sectional view of the secondary reticule control of the telescopic sight embodiment of FIG. 1.
FIGS. 6A through 6D are perspective vie~s of components forming the reticule control of FIG. 5.
FIG. 7 is a scope view of one embodiment of the secondary reticule of FIG. 5.
FIG. 8 is a scope view of another embodiment of the secondary reticule of FIG. 5.
FIGS 9A through 9D are cross sectional views of the scope embodiment of FIG. 1.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMEN~
Referring to Fig. 1, a rifle 11 includes a telescopic sight or scope 13 mounted atop the gun barrel of the rifle in a conventional fashionO The scope includes a pair of reticule adjustment knobs 15, 17 disposed along the outside of the tubular housing 13 of the scope, for permitting the hunter to selectively adjust the effective position of a pair of sighting reticules disposed within the scope, in order to properly sight-in the rifle.
As illustrated in Fig. 2, the scope includes an eye piece end comprising an ocular lens system 21 through which the hun-ter --4~
1 17~0~
views during sigh-ting of a target upon which he wishes to fire.
The other end of the scope is the objective end and includes an objective lens 23 which is directed toward the object to be viewed.
The light rays coming from the object pass through objective lens 23 and converge to form an image on an image plane generally defined by reference numeral 25. Because the image appearing in the image plane will be the inverted image of the viewed object, an inverter tube 27 (shown in Fig. 2 rotated 45 from its normally fixed posi-tion within housing 19) is disposed between the image plane and the ocular lens for erecting the image for upright presentation as a second intermediate image in a second image plane generally defined by reference numeral 29. The second image plane lies at the focus of the ocular lens for presenting the erected image to the eye of the hunter, as understood.
Inverter tube 27 includes erecting lenses 31, 33 positioned in a conventional fashion for erecting the image received by the inverting tube. Each of lenses 31, 33 includes a camming arm 35, 37, respectively, for following a camming groove 39 formed in the side of a first tubular housing of tube 27 and for following a second camming groove 41 formed in -the side of a second tubular housing encompassing the first tubular housing of tube 27. Lenses 31, 33 are moved along groove 39 during zooming of the scope by a rotatable ring 43 (Fig. 1) which is connected to a slot 45 formed in the second tubular housing of tube 27. As ring 43 is turned by the hunter, the second tubular housing rotates relative to the first tubular housing for moving lenses 31, 33 along groove 39. Camming groove 41 is constructed for moving erecting lenses 31, 33 in a predetermined relationship in order to vary -the magnification of the object image appearing in plane 29, as understood.
Inverting tube 27 is encased by a metallic support member 46 which serves to bias tube 27 against an adjustment control (137 Fig. 4) one side of the support member to aid in mechanically adjusting the line of sight of inverting tube 27 by adjustment 7 ~
knob 15 (Fig. 1), as described hereinafter. Further, a field lens (not shown) may be disposed at the front of the inverting tube for widening the field of view, if desired.
A primary reticule 47 comprising a pair of cross-hair wires is fixed with respect to housing 19 at the ocular end of inverter tube 27. The cross-hair wires of reticule 47 serve as reference lines for sighting the weapon by the hunter. A diaphragm 48 may be positioned at the ocular end of inverter tube 27 for defining the hunter's field of vision for directing his sight solely through the inverter tube and prohibiting viewing along the sides thereof, i.e., between the inverter tube and the tubular housing 19.
The inverter tube is secured in a substantially fixed rela-tionship with respect to housing 19 at the ocular end of the inverting tube, while the objective end of the inverting tube is movable relative to the walls of tubular housing 19 and metallic support 46.
The inverting tube may be adjusted by a single knob 15, as described hereinafter, or may be adjusted by a pair of adjustable screws pass-ing through housing 19 and disposed at right angles to each other;
one screw for vertical movement of the objective end of the invert-ing tube against the bias provided by metallic support 46 and the other screw for horizontal movement of the objective end of the inverting tube against the bias provided by meta]lic support 46.
Movement of the objective end of the inverting tube serves to position primary reticule 47 relative to the image plane 25 for positioning the image with respect to the primary reticule as viewed by the hunter. Such inverter tubes have been used previously in scope sights; see for example U. S. Patent 2,995,512 issued to Rollmorgen et al on October 11, 1960.
The use of the inverting tube permits the primary reticule to have the center of the cross-hair wires always in the center of the field of vision of the hunter through scope 13. This is most preferable to the hunter and avoids any confusion caused by the ;o~
cross hairs being positioned off-center due to adjustment by the hunter to indicate the center of the scope with respect to the gun barrel. Thus, the line of sight of scope 13 is along an optical axis which passes through the eye piece lens system, the inverting tube and the objective lens, and has the center of the cross-hair reticule at the center of the field of vision of the hunter.
A secondary reticule 49 is positionable in image plane 25 for movement therewithin inaependently of the movement of inverter tube 27. As shown in more detail in Figs. 3, 4 and 5, secondary reticule 49 is mounted to a platform 51 which is rotatable within an aperture 53 formed in a collar 55. The collar is secured to housing 19 over an aperture formed in the scope housing to permit the secondary reticule to depend from the platform into the image plane. Knob 17 (Fig. 1) controls the movement of reticule 49. In order to make the scope gas tight, a sealing ring of rubber, or the like, may be selectively mounted between the surfaces of plat-form 51 and collar 55, as will suggest itself. Further, frictional brakes may be utilized in a conventional manner to establish the turning force necessary to rotate platform 51 relative to collar 55.
A reticule carrying member 57 is threadably mounted to platform 51 for movement relative thereto, providing ver-tical adjust-ment to reticule 49 within the image plane. Member 57 is offset from rotational axis 59 of the platform at a radial distance to permit the reticule to move out of the field of view of the hunter, as illustrated in Fig. 4.
Platform 51 and the components associated with the secondary reticule are illustrated in more detail in Figs. 6A through 6D.
Reticule carrying member 57 includes a hollowed portion 61 (Fig.
6B~ passing through its central axis for receiving a reticule holder 63 (Fig. 6C). Reticule holder 63 includes a bearing surface 65, cylindrical in shape, formed at the upper end of holder 63.
Bearing surface 65 is positioned within a bearing slot 67 oE reti-cule carrying member 57 for relative rotation thereto.
~ l~6089 A handle portion 69 of reticule support 63 extends above reticule carrying member 57 for permitting manual rotation of reti-cule holder 63 by the hunter. During assembly, reticule holder 63 is slipped within hollowed portion 61 of the reticule carrying member, and a threaded cap member 71 is slid over handle portion 69 and screwed within the upper portion of hollowed portion 61 for retaining the reticule holder within the carrying member. As will suggest itself, sealing means may be positioned between holder 63 and member 57 to form an air-tight seal.
Reticule holder 63 includes an aperture 73 formed in its lower end for receiving the upper end of reticule 49 as illustrated in Fig. 5. Reticule 49 is cemented within aperture 73 by a rubber shock absorbing cement or the like.
Referring to Fig. 5, platform 51 rests on a bearing surface 75 formed in the aperture of collar 55. A retaining plate 77 is secured atop collar 55, as shown, for retaining platform 51 on bearing surface 75 and permitting free rotation of the platform.
A manually movable stop limit ring 79 rests atop retaining plate 77 for rotational movement around the perimeter of platform 51 about axis 59.
Stop limit ring 79 includes a first stop member 81 which is mounted in a fixed relationship to stop limit ring 79. A second stop member 83 is connected to platform 51 and is positioned for contacting stop member 81 during rotation of platform 51. Stop limit ring 79 is manually fixable relative to plate 77, along the perimeter of platform 51, for positioning stop member 81 at a loca~
tion to contact stop 83 during rotation of platform 51.
Stop member 81 serves to stop the further rotation of plat-form 51 in order to set reticule 49 in a predetermined horizontal location in image plane 25. As will suggest itself, limit ring 79 may be locked and released from a fixed relationship with respect to retaining plate 77 by various means, including various quick release locking mechanisms known in the art, or friction holding ~ l780~35 clips secured to plate 77 and overlappable -to ring 79, or screw clamps, or screw securements between ring 79 and plate 77, etc.
Once the hunter has determined the appropriate position for reticule 49 within the image plane, the hunter rotates ring 79 until stop 81 contacts stop 83; the hunter then locks ring 79 relative to plate 77~ The reticule 49 may then be rotated out of the field of vision of the hunter, as shown in Fig. 4, and thereafter quickly returned to the appropriate position as defined by stop 81.
A cap member 89 carries a depending spring member 87 for mating with a lug member 85 carried by platform 51. The cap member also carries an indentation 90 for mating with protuberance 92 carried by ring 79. After the stop ring 79 has been locked into a fixed position, cap 89 is pressed over lug 85 such that manual rota~
tion of cap 89 by the hunter serves to rotate platform 51 to and from the stop position defined by stop 81. Once the hunter has set stop 81, he may then place cap 89 into position for use to quickly rotate reticule 49 into a defined position in image plane 25.
When sighting the rifle, the hunter removes cap 89 and re-leases limit ring 79 from its fixed position. The hunter then posi-tions reticule 49 within the image plane by adjusting the reticule'shorizontal position via manual movement of platform 51 and by adjust-ing the reticule's vertical position via manual rotation of member 57. A particular viewing side of the reticule is then selected by rotation of holder 63, as described hereinafter. The stop limit ring 79 is then locked into a position with stop 81 contacting stop 83. Cap 89 is then snapped back onto lug 85.
Reticule 49 is illustrated in greater detail in Figs. 7 and 8. Reticule 49 is polygonal in shape and is formed of a translucent material. Each planar side of reticule 49 carries engraved indicia for permitting the hunter to determine the range and sightings of selected targets. An individual side of reticule 49 is selectable by the hunter via movement of handle 69.
Referring to Fig. 7, one side of re-ticule 49 is illustrated ~ ~ ~6~8~
in which an engraved circle or dot 91 is located centrally in the upper portion of the reticule image which will appear in the second image plane 29. Because reticule 49 is inverted by inverter tube 27r the reticule appears to extend from bottom to top (Fig. 7) instead of as it really extends from top to bottom (Fig. 5).
Reticule 49 also includes engraved indicia of military figures 93r 95r 97r 99~ 101 and 103~ for use in connection with military warfare. Each figure 93-103 is visually associated with a respective bullet-drop compensation aiming point 105r 107r 109r 111 r 113 and 115 disposed vertically with respect to dot 91.
The apparent size of the target object 117 as seen through the scope reduces itself r e.g., by 1/2 in size for every 100 yards increase in distance from the scope. As the scope is zoomed to change magnification of the objectr the engraved indicia also change in magnification proportionally. As the rifleman views the object 117 through the scoper he need only match the size of object 117 (the target in the field) with one of the engraved figures 93~
103. By superimposing the engraved figure atop the object 117 for matching r the hunter determines the correct range of the object and aiming point for firing at the object.
Each of figures 93-103 are shaped to indicate the size of an object at a specific range. For exampler figure 93 indicates that the object is 300 yards away when the object viewed through the scope fills the outline of figure 93. Similarlyr figures 95-103 represent distances of 400r 500r 600, 700 and 800 yards respec-tively. Particularlyr even the head of figures 93~103 are sized to indicate the range of the object in the event that the head of the object alone can be seen through the scope.
The amount of drop of the bullet is represented by -the aiming points 105-115 which are visually associated with a separate figure 93-103. - If the size of the ob~ect does not exactly match a figure, the rifleman will estimate a vertical sighting point lying somewhere between the two points associated with the figures between ~ ~ 7 6 ~
which the size of the objec~ lies. As will suggest itself, figures 93-103 may be a]ternately placed on either side of the vertical passing through dot 91.
Referring to Fig. 8, reticule 49 is illustrated with en-graved indicia for use by a game hunter. The engraved indicia in-c~udes a plurality of superimposed circles 118 meeting at a single point on each of the circumferences of the circles. An object of a deer 119 is shown as viewed by the hunter through the scope. The hunter will position the gun so that the engraved circles 118 of reticule 49 will cover the deer 119. The conventional 18 inch dis-tance, illustrated by arrow 121, lying between the shoulder and the brisket of the deer is judged against circles 118 for determining the range of the deer in a fashion similar to that described with reference to Fig. 7.
Each of the circles 118 are visually associated with dif-ferent range distances 121. The separate range distances 121 have corresponding aiming points 123 vertically disposed below dot 91, as shown. The matching of one of the circles 118 provides the cor-rect range distance 121 which is then used to select the proper aim-ing point 123.
As shown in Fig. 8, the superimposing of a plurality ofcircles 118 serves to compact the hunter's range finder at a smaller visual area on reticule 49. This affords room for further game circle groups 125, 127 for use for different game. For example, game circle group 118 may be used for deer, whereas game circle group 125 may be used for coyote.
As described above, reticule 49 is polygonal in shape having a plurality of planar side faces each of which may bear engraved indicia and each of which are selectively movable into the field of view of the hunter. Each planar face of reticule 49 may be used to accommodate a different family of bullets. For example, one side of reticule 49 may include range indicia which corresponds to bullet weights of 150 grains and leaving the muzzle at a particular velocity.
- 1 1_ o ~ ~
A second side of reticule 49, for example, may correspond to a bullet weight of 180 grains and leaving -the barrel at another particular velocity.
Also, a second reticule carrying member 57 may be included on platform 51 such that the second reticule carrying member 57 is positioned outside of the field of view of the inverting tube when using the first carrying member. The hunter may then rotate the second carrying member into view for using different indicia if needed.
Where reticule 49 is a four sided reticule, the two sides of the reticule will not be seen when viewing the front side of the reticule as shown in Fig. 7. Reticule 49 may be shaped so that the back side of reticule 49 lies in a plane spaced sufficiently away from image plane 25 such that the engraved indicia on the back side of reticule 49 will not be seen through the reticule by the hunter.
Where the reticule is thinly shaped so that the engraved indicia on the back side of reticule 49 may be seen, the indicia will nonethe-less appear on the right side of the vertical as viewed from Fig. 7 and thus may be discarded by the hunter.
Referring to Figs. 9A through Fig. 9D, a proper adjustment of the two reticules will be described in order to explain how the scope is properly sighted, requiring only that a single bullet is fired. Referring to Fig. 9A, the hunter aims at a target 131 using the sighting dot 91 carried by reticule 49. The gun is then fired resulting in a bullet hole 133 shown to the right of the targe-t as seen in Fig. 9A. Reticule 49 is shown off the center of the cross-hair reticule in Fig. 9A, for description purposes; however, the hunter should begin with the secondary and primary reticule aligned to eliminate parallax.
With the secondary reticule held on the target, the primary reticule is effectively adjusted with respect to bullet hole 133 for p]acing the center of the cross-hair wires atop the bullet hole, as shown in Fig. 9B. As described above, primary reticule 47 is effec-~ ~ 7~
tively positioned by manipulation of the forward end of inverting tube 27. Rather than using a pair of screw adjustments as described above, the preferred embodiment utilizes a single adjustable control 134 which is similar in structure to the secondary reticule adjust-ment control of Fig. 5.
Adjustment control 134 includes a rotatable platform 135 (Fig. 4) which carries an arm 137 which is offset from the rotational axis of platform 135. Arm 137 engages inverting tube 27 for moving the same vertically with respect to tube housing 19 during rota-tion of platform 135, in a fashion similar to that described with respect to the horizontal movement of reticule 49 by platform 51 (Fig. 5).
Member 137 is screw mounted to platform 135 such that member 137 may be horizontally moved relative to member 135 in order to horizontally position inverter tube 27, in a fashion similar to the vertical posi-tioning of reticule 49 by member 57. As understood, the ocular end of inverter tube 27 may take on very, very slight movement during the very small movement of the forward end of the tube by control 134.
Arm 137 may be connected to inverter tube 27 in several ways.
For example, a bearing surface member 139 may be offset from tube 27 having an upper surface for engaging arm 137. Biasing member 46 (Fig. 2) may bias member 139 against arm 137 for facilitating control adjustment of the inverter tube during rotation of platform 135 and rotation of arm 137, as will be understood.
After the primary reticule has been effectively positioned relative to the viewed bullet hole 133 (FigA 9B), the secondary reticule 49 is then adjustably positioned to carry its sighting dot 91 in coincidence with the center of the cross-hair wires of the primary reticule as shown in Fig. 9C. The adjustment of the second-ary reticule is explained above with reference to Fig. 5. The secondary reticule adjustment components are manipulated by the hunter to permit the hunter to quickly move the secondary reticule outside of the field of view of the hunter as shown in Fig. 9D, and for quickly turning the reticule back into its sighted position as `~ ~7&0~9 illustrated in Fig. 9C.
The hunter now has his rifle scope properly sighted by two spaced apart reticules. Both reticules may be utilized to overcome parallax, by aiding the operator in positioning his eye at a proper location which aligns both reticules in order to aim the rifle.
The indicia engraved on reticule 49 as illustrated in Figs. 7 and 8 may be microengraved such that the indicia is only visible at higher powers of the scope. Thus when shooting long range game, the hunter zooms the scope to full power and the engraved indicia become visible for the hunter's use to compensate for bullet drop. By zooming to low power, the engraved indicia become invisible to the eye of the hunter except for dot 91 which is utilized together with the center point of the cross-hair wires for aiding the hunter to properly position his eye in order to overcome parallax when shooting game at close range. The dot 91 may comprise two etched circles one of which appears as a dot at low power and the other of which appears as a dot at high power, as will suggest itself.
In order to overcome windage effects on the bullet, hori-zontal aiming marks 141 may be etched on reticule 49 as i]lustrated in Fig. 8. The hunter may then utilize the sigh-ting procedure described with reference to Figs. 9A through 9D for determining the effects of windage on his bullet and for repositioning the primary reticule to mar~ a horizontal aiming point accordingly. For example, where a hunter is in a sitting position on a windy day waiting for his particular game to move by a well-known path of travel or feed-ing area, the hunter may fire a trial shot at a stationary object.
The hunter may then readjust the position of the primary reticule 47 to align with the bullet hole while keeping the dot 91 of the second-ary reticule on the target at which he fired. The primary reticule will then indicate the horizontal aiming point which is to be used to sight subsequent moving game, assuming the wind continues at approximately the same velocity. That is, if the hunter notices that O ~ ~
the wind continues when the game approaches, he merely needs to use primary reticule 47 as his sight upon which to fire. If the hunter notes that the wind has died down, he merely uses the dot 91 of the secondary reticule which is still in line with the barrel of the rifle.
This same procedure to overcome windage effects may be used to overcome mirage effects. For example, the hunter fires a trial shot at a stationary object which he views through the scope and which will be viewed at a position in actuality located above the object. That is, the hunter fires at the mirage of the object.
The bullet will hit the mirage aimed at (not the target). The actual bullet hole itself will provide a mirage above the point aimed at previously. The hunter then readjusts the position of the primary reticule 47 to align with the mirage of the bullet hole while keeping the dot 91 of the secondary reticule on the target at which he fired.
It should be understood, of course, that the foregoing description refers to preferred embodiments of the invention and that modifications or alterations may be made therein without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention as set forth in the appended claims.
All of these range Einding devices add clutter to the hunter's field of vision and are particularly annoying when the hunter is shooting at close range and thus not using the range finding devices.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
=
According to the invention there is provided a gunsight comprising a range finding and compensating telescope reticule, said reticule including a first reticule surface bearing first indicia and a second reticule surface bearing second indicia;
and mounting means for mounting said reticule in the gunsight, said mounting means manually controllable for selective presentation of a sole one of said first and said second reticule surfaces in a position for display in the field of view of the gunsight.
0 8 g o~ter.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a side view of a rifle having a telescopie sight embodimen-t of the present invention~
FIG. 2 is a center sectional view of the telescopie sight embodiment of FIG. 1, particularly showing inverting tube 27 rotated 45 from its normal position in order to illustrate its erecting lens moving structure.
FIG. 3 is a sectional plan view taken along 3-3 of the telescopic sight embodiment of FIG. 2.
FIG. 4 is a general cross sectional view of the telescopie sight embodiment of FIG. 1.
FIG. 5 is a portion of a cross sectional view of the secondary reticule control of the telescopic sight embodiment of FIG. 1.
FIGS. 6A through 6D are perspective vie~s of components forming the reticule control of FIG. 5.
FIG. 7 is a scope view of one embodiment of the secondary reticule of FIG. 5.
FIG. 8 is a scope view of another embodiment of the secondary reticule of FIG. 5.
FIGS 9A through 9D are cross sectional views of the scope embodiment of FIG. 1.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMEN~
Referring to Fig. 1, a rifle 11 includes a telescopic sight or scope 13 mounted atop the gun barrel of the rifle in a conventional fashionO The scope includes a pair of reticule adjustment knobs 15, 17 disposed along the outside of the tubular housing 13 of the scope, for permitting the hunter to selectively adjust the effective position of a pair of sighting reticules disposed within the scope, in order to properly sight-in the rifle.
As illustrated in Fig. 2, the scope includes an eye piece end comprising an ocular lens system 21 through which the hun-ter --4~
1 17~0~
views during sigh-ting of a target upon which he wishes to fire.
The other end of the scope is the objective end and includes an objective lens 23 which is directed toward the object to be viewed.
The light rays coming from the object pass through objective lens 23 and converge to form an image on an image plane generally defined by reference numeral 25. Because the image appearing in the image plane will be the inverted image of the viewed object, an inverter tube 27 (shown in Fig. 2 rotated 45 from its normally fixed posi-tion within housing 19) is disposed between the image plane and the ocular lens for erecting the image for upright presentation as a second intermediate image in a second image plane generally defined by reference numeral 29. The second image plane lies at the focus of the ocular lens for presenting the erected image to the eye of the hunter, as understood.
Inverter tube 27 includes erecting lenses 31, 33 positioned in a conventional fashion for erecting the image received by the inverting tube. Each of lenses 31, 33 includes a camming arm 35, 37, respectively, for following a camming groove 39 formed in the side of a first tubular housing of tube 27 and for following a second camming groove 41 formed in -the side of a second tubular housing encompassing the first tubular housing of tube 27. Lenses 31, 33 are moved along groove 39 during zooming of the scope by a rotatable ring 43 (Fig. 1) which is connected to a slot 45 formed in the second tubular housing of tube 27. As ring 43 is turned by the hunter, the second tubular housing rotates relative to the first tubular housing for moving lenses 31, 33 along groove 39. Camming groove 41 is constructed for moving erecting lenses 31, 33 in a predetermined relationship in order to vary -the magnification of the object image appearing in plane 29, as understood.
Inverting tube 27 is encased by a metallic support member 46 which serves to bias tube 27 against an adjustment control (137 Fig. 4) one side of the support member to aid in mechanically adjusting the line of sight of inverting tube 27 by adjustment 7 ~
knob 15 (Fig. 1), as described hereinafter. Further, a field lens (not shown) may be disposed at the front of the inverting tube for widening the field of view, if desired.
A primary reticule 47 comprising a pair of cross-hair wires is fixed with respect to housing 19 at the ocular end of inverter tube 27. The cross-hair wires of reticule 47 serve as reference lines for sighting the weapon by the hunter. A diaphragm 48 may be positioned at the ocular end of inverter tube 27 for defining the hunter's field of vision for directing his sight solely through the inverter tube and prohibiting viewing along the sides thereof, i.e., between the inverter tube and the tubular housing 19.
The inverter tube is secured in a substantially fixed rela-tionship with respect to housing 19 at the ocular end of the inverting tube, while the objective end of the inverting tube is movable relative to the walls of tubular housing 19 and metallic support 46.
The inverting tube may be adjusted by a single knob 15, as described hereinafter, or may be adjusted by a pair of adjustable screws pass-ing through housing 19 and disposed at right angles to each other;
one screw for vertical movement of the objective end of the invert-ing tube against the bias provided by metallic support 46 and the other screw for horizontal movement of the objective end of the inverting tube against the bias provided by meta]lic support 46.
Movement of the objective end of the inverting tube serves to position primary reticule 47 relative to the image plane 25 for positioning the image with respect to the primary reticule as viewed by the hunter. Such inverter tubes have been used previously in scope sights; see for example U. S. Patent 2,995,512 issued to Rollmorgen et al on October 11, 1960.
The use of the inverting tube permits the primary reticule to have the center of the cross-hair wires always in the center of the field of vision of the hunter through scope 13. This is most preferable to the hunter and avoids any confusion caused by the ;o~
cross hairs being positioned off-center due to adjustment by the hunter to indicate the center of the scope with respect to the gun barrel. Thus, the line of sight of scope 13 is along an optical axis which passes through the eye piece lens system, the inverting tube and the objective lens, and has the center of the cross-hair reticule at the center of the field of vision of the hunter.
A secondary reticule 49 is positionable in image plane 25 for movement therewithin inaependently of the movement of inverter tube 27. As shown in more detail in Figs. 3, 4 and 5, secondary reticule 49 is mounted to a platform 51 which is rotatable within an aperture 53 formed in a collar 55. The collar is secured to housing 19 over an aperture formed in the scope housing to permit the secondary reticule to depend from the platform into the image plane. Knob 17 (Fig. 1) controls the movement of reticule 49. In order to make the scope gas tight, a sealing ring of rubber, or the like, may be selectively mounted between the surfaces of plat-form 51 and collar 55, as will suggest itself. Further, frictional brakes may be utilized in a conventional manner to establish the turning force necessary to rotate platform 51 relative to collar 55.
A reticule carrying member 57 is threadably mounted to platform 51 for movement relative thereto, providing ver-tical adjust-ment to reticule 49 within the image plane. Member 57 is offset from rotational axis 59 of the platform at a radial distance to permit the reticule to move out of the field of view of the hunter, as illustrated in Fig. 4.
Platform 51 and the components associated with the secondary reticule are illustrated in more detail in Figs. 6A through 6D.
Reticule carrying member 57 includes a hollowed portion 61 (Fig.
6B~ passing through its central axis for receiving a reticule holder 63 (Fig. 6C). Reticule holder 63 includes a bearing surface 65, cylindrical in shape, formed at the upper end of holder 63.
Bearing surface 65 is positioned within a bearing slot 67 oE reti-cule carrying member 57 for relative rotation thereto.
~ l~6089 A handle portion 69 of reticule support 63 extends above reticule carrying member 57 for permitting manual rotation of reti-cule holder 63 by the hunter. During assembly, reticule holder 63 is slipped within hollowed portion 61 of the reticule carrying member, and a threaded cap member 71 is slid over handle portion 69 and screwed within the upper portion of hollowed portion 61 for retaining the reticule holder within the carrying member. As will suggest itself, sealing means may be positioned between holder 63 and member 57 to form an air-tight seal.
Reticule holder 63 includes an aperture 73 formed in its lower end for receiving the upper end of reticule 49 as illustrated in Fig. 5. Reticule 49 is cemented within aperture 73 by a rubber shock absorbing cement or the like.
Referring to Fig. 5, platform 51 rests on a bearing surface 75 formed in the aperture of collar 55. A retaining plate 77 is secured atop collar 55, as shown, for retaining platform 51 on bearing surface 75 and permitting free rotation of the platform.
A manually movable stop limit ring 79 rests atop retaining plate 77 for rotational movement around the perimeter of platform 51 about axis 59.
Stop limit ring 79 includes a first stop member 81 which is mounted in a fixed relationship to stop limit ring 79. A second stop member 83 is connected to platform 51 and is positioned for contacting stop member 81 during rotation of platform 51. Stop limit ring 79 is manually fixable relative to plate 77, along the perimeter of platform 51, for positioning stop member 81 at a loca~
tion to contact stop 83 during rotation of platform 51.
Stop member 81 serves to stop the further rotation of plat-form 51 in order to set reticule 49 in a predetermined horizontal location in image plane 25. As will suggest itself, limit ring 79 may be locked and released from a fixed relationship with respect to retaining plate 77 by various means, including various quick release locking mechanisms known in the art, or friction holding ~ l780~35 clips secured to plate 77 and overlappable -to ring 79, or screw clamps, or screw securements between ring 79 and plate 77, etc.
Once the hunter has determined the appropriate position for reticule 49 within the image plane, the hunter rotates ring 79 until stop 81 contacts stop 83; the hunter then locks ring 79 relative to plate 77~ The reticule 49 may then be rotated out of the field of vision of the hunter, as shown in Fig. 4, and thereafter quickly returned to the appropriate position as defined by stop 81.
A cap member 89 carries a depending spring member 87 for mating with a lug member 85 carried by platform 51. The cap member also carries an indentation 90 for mating with protuberance 92 carried by ring 79. After the stop ring 79 has been locked into a fixed position, cap 89 is pressed over lug 85 such that manual rota~
tion of cap 89 by the hunter serves to rotate platform 51 to and from the stop position defined by stop 81. Once the hunter has set stop 81, he may then place cap 89 into position for use to quickly rotate reticule 49 into a defined position in image plane 25.
When sighting the rifle, the hunter removes cap 89 and re-leases limit ring 79 from its fixed position. The hunter then posi-tions reticule 49 within the image plane by adjusting the reticule'shorizontal position via manual movement of platform 51 and by adjust-ing the reticule's vertical position via manual rotation of member 57. A particular viewing side of the reticule is then selected by rotation of holder 63, as described hereinafter. The stop limit ring 79 is then locked into a position with stop 81 contacting stop 83. Cap 89 is then snapped back onto lug 85.
Reticule 49 is illustrated in greater detail in Figs. 7 and 8. Reticule 49 is polygonal in shape and is formed of a translucent material. Each planar side of reticule 49 carries engraved indicia for permitting the hunter to determine the range and sightings of selected targets. An individual side of reticule 49 is selectable by the hunter via movement of handle 69.
Referring to Fig. 7, one side of re-ticule 49 is illustrated ~ ~ ~6~8~
in which an engraved circle or dot 91 is located centrally in the upper portion of the reticule image which will appear in the second image plane 29. Because reticule 49 is inverted by inverter tube 27r the reticule appears to extend from bottom to top (Fig. 7) instead of as it really extends from top to bottom (Fig. 5).
Reticule 49 also includes engraved indicia of military figures 93r 95r 97r 99~ 101 and 103~ for use in connection with military warfare. Each figure 93-103 is visually associated with a respective bullet-drop compensation aiming point 105r 107r 109r 111 r 113 and 115 disposed vertically with respect to dot 91.
The apparent size of the target object 117 as seen through the scope reduces itself r e.g., by 1/2 in size for every 100 yards increase in distance from the scope. As the scope is zoomed to change magnification of the objectr the engraved indicia also change in magnification proportionally. As the rifleman views the object 117 through the scoper he need only match the size of object 117 (the target in the field) with one of the engraved figures 93~
103. By superimposing the engraved figure atop the object 117 for matching r the hunter determines the correct range of the object and aiming point for firing at the object.
Each of figures 93-103 are shaped to indicate the size of an object at a specific range. For exampler figure 93 indicates that the object is 300 yards away when the object viewed through the scope fills the outline of figure 93. Similarlyr figures 95-103 represent distances of 400r 500r 600, 700 and 800 yards respec-tively. Particularlyr even the head of figures 93~103 are sized to indicate the range of the object in the event that the head of the object alone can be seen through the scope.
The amount of drop of the bullet is represented by -the aiming points 105-115 which are visually associated with a separate figure 93-103. - If the size of the ob~ect does not exactly match a figure, the rifleman will estimate a vertical sighting point lying somewhere between the two points associated with the figures between ~ ~ 7 6 ~
which the size of the objec~ lies. As will suggest itself, figures 93-103 may be a]ternately placed on either side of the vertical passing through dot 91.
Referring to Fig. 8, reticule 49 is illustrated with en-graved indicia for use by a game hunter. The engraved indicia in-c~udes a plurality of superimposed circles 118 meeting at a single point on each of the circumferences of the circles. An object of a deer 119 is shown as viewed by the hunter through the scope. The hunter will position the gun so that the engraved circles 118 of reticule 49 will cover the deer 119. The conventional 18 inch dis-tance, illustrated by arrow 121, lying between the shoulder and the brisket of the deer is judged against circles 118 for determining the range of the deer in a fashion similar to that described with reference to Fig. 7.
Each of the circles 118 are visually associated with dif-ferent range distances 121. The separate range distances 121 have corresponding aiming points 123 vertically disposed below dot 91, as shown. The matching of one of the circles 118 provides the cor-rect range distance 121 which is then used to select the proper aim-ing point 123.
As shown in Fig. 8, the superimposing of a plurality ofcircles 118 serves to compact the hunter's range finder at a smaller visual area on reticule 49. This affords room for further game circle groups 125, 127 for use for different game. For example, game circle group 118 may be used for deer, whereas game circle group 125 may be used for coyote.
As described above, reticule 49 is polygonal in shape having a plurality of planar side faces each of which may bear engraved indicia and each of which are selectively movable into the field of view of the hunter. Each planar face of reticule 49 may be used to accommodate a different family of bullets. For example, one side of reticule 49 may include range indicia which corresponds to bullet weights of 150 grains and leaving the muzzle at a particular velocity.
- 1 1_ o ~ ~
A second side of reticule 49, for example, may correspond to a bullet weight of 180 grains and leaving -the barrel at another particular velocity.
Also, a second reticule carrying member 57 may be included on platform 51 such that the second reticule carrying member 57 is positioned outside of the field of view of the inverting tube when using the first carrying member. The hunter may then rotate the second carrying member into view for using different indicia if needed.
Where reticule 49 is a four sided reticule, the two sides of the reticule will not be seen when viewing the front side of the reticule as shown in Fig. 7. Reticule 49 may be shaped so that the back side of reticule 49 lies in a plane spaced sufficiently away from image plane 25 such that the engraved indicia on the back side of reticule 49 will not be seen through the reticule by the hunter.
Where the reticule is thinly shaped so that the engraved indicia on the back side of reticule 49 may be seen, the indicia will nonethe-less appear on the right side of the vertical as viewed from Fig. 7 and thus may be discarded by the hunter.
Referring to Figs. 9A through Fig. 9D, a proper adjustment of the two reticules will be described in order to explain how the scope is properly sighted, requiring only that a single bullet is fired. Referring to Fig. 9A, the hunter aims at a target 131 using the sighting dot 91 carried by reticule 49. The gun is then fired resulting in a bullet hole 133 shown to the right of the targe-t as seen in Fig. 9A. Reticule 49 is shown off the center of the cross-hair reticule in Fig. 9A, for description purposes; however, the hunter should begin with the secondary and primary reticule aligned to eliminate parallax.
With the secondary reticule held on the target, the primary reticule is effectively adjusted with respect to bullet hole 133 for p]acing the center of the cross-hair wires atop the bullet hole, as shown in Fig. 9B. As described above, primary reticule 47 is effec-~ ~ 7~
tively positioned by manipulation of the forward end of inverting tube 27. Rather than using a pair of screw adjustments as described above, the preferred embodiment utilizes a single adjustable control 134 which is similar in structure to the secondary reticule adjust-ment control of Fig. 5.
Adjustment control 134 includes a rotatable platform 135 (Fig. 4) which carries an arm 137 which is offset from the rotational axis of platform 135. Arm 137 engages inverting tube 27 for moving the same vertically with respect to tube housing 19 during rota-tion of platform 135, in a fashion similar to that described with respect to the horizontal movement of reticule 49 by platform 51 (Fig. 5).
Member 137 is screw mounted to platform 135 such that member 137 may be horizontally moved relative to member 135 in order to horizontally position inverter tube 27, in a fashion similar to the vertical posi-tioning of reticule 49 by member 57. As understood, the ocular end of inverter tube 27 may take on very, very slight movement during the very small movement of the forward end of the tube by control 134.
Arm 137 may be connected to inverter tube 27 in several ways.
For example, a bearing surface member 139 may be offset from tube 27 having an upper surface for engaging arm 137. Biasing member 46 (Fig. 2) may bias member 139 against arm 137 for facilitating control adjustment of the inverter tube during rotation of platform 135 and rotation of arm 137, as will be understood.
After the primary reticule has been effectively positioned relative to the viewed bullet hole 133 (FigA 9B), the secondary reticule 49 is then adjustably positioned to carry its sighting dot 91 in coincidence with the center of the cross-hair wires of the primary reticule as shown in Fig. 9C. The adjustment of the second-ary reticule is explained above with reference to Fig. 5. The secondary reticule adjustment components are manipulated by the hunter to permit the hunter to quickly move the secondary reticule outside of the field of view of the hunter as shown in Fig. 9D, and for quickly turning the reticule back into its sighted position as `~ ~7&0~9 illustrated in Fig. 9C.
The hunter now has his rifle scope properly sighted by two spaced apart reticules. Both reticules may be utilized to overcome parallax, by aiding the operator in positioning his eye at a proper location which aligns both reticules in order to aim the rifle.
The indicia engraved on reticule 49 as illustrated in Figs. 7 and 8 may be microengraved such that the indicia is only visible at higher powers of the scope. Thus when shooting long range game, the hunter zooms the scope to full power and the engraved indicia become visible for the hunter's use to compensate for bullet drop. By zooming to low power, the engraved indicia become invisible to the eye of the hunter except for dot 91 which is utilized together with the center point of the cross-hair wires for aiding the hunter to properly position his eye in order to overcome parallax when shooting game at close range. The dot 91 may comprise two etched circles one of which appears as a dot at low power and the other of which appears as a dot at high power, as will suggest itself.
In order to overcome windage effects on the bullet, hori-zontal aiming marks 141 may be etched on reticule 49 as i]lustrated in Fig. 8. The hunter may then utilize the sigh-ting procedure described with reference to Figs. 9A through 9D for determining the effects of windage on his bullet and for repositioning the primary reticule to mar~ a horizontal aiming point accordingly. For example, where a hunter is in a sitting position on a windy day waiting for his particular game to move by a well-known path of travel or feed-ing area, the hunter may fire a trial shot at a stationary object.
The hunter may then readjust the position of the primary reticule 47 to align with the bullet hole while keeping the dot 91 of the second-ary reticule on the target at which he fired. The primary reticule will then indicate the horizontal aiming point which is to be used to sight subsequent moving game, assuming the wind continues at approximately the same velocity. That is, if the hunter notices that O ~ ~
the wind continues when the game approaches, he merely needs to use primary reticule 47 as his sight upon which to fire. If the hunter notes that the wind has died down, he merely uses the dot 91 of the secondary reticule which is still in line with the barrel of the rifle.
This same procedure to overcome windage effects may be used to overcome mirage effects. For example, the hunter fires a trial shot at a stationary object which he views through the scope and which will be viewed at a position in actuality located above the object. That is, the hunter fires at the mirage of the object.
The bullet will hit the mirage aimed at (not the target). The actual bullet hole itself will provide a mirage above the point aimed at previously. The hunter then readjusts the position of the primary reticule 47 to align with the mirage of the bullet hole while keeping the dot 91 of the secondary reticule on the target at which he fired.
It should be understood, of course, that the foregoing description refers to preferred embodiments of the invention and that modifications or alterations may be made therein without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention as set forth in the appended claims.
Claims (25)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A gunsight comprising a range finding and compensating telescope reticule, said reticule including a first reticule surface bearing first indicia and a second reticule surface bearing second indicia; and mounting means for mounting said reticule in the gunsight, said mounting means manually con-trollable for selective presentation of a sole one of said first and said second reticule surfaces in a position for display in the field of view of the gunsight.
2. A gunsight according to claim 1 wherein said first indicia includes a plurality of range finding devices having spaced apart visible portions for spanning a target of known size at a particular distance, said first indicia further in-cluding bullet drop compensating marks visually associated with said range finding devices for indicating the sight position for aiming at an object appearing in the field of view of the gunsight.
3. A gunsight according to claim 2 wherein said range finding devices includes a plurality of superimposed figures.
4. A gunsight according to claim 3 wherein said super-imposed figures are circles contacting at a single point on their respective circumferences.
5. A gunsight according to claim 3 wherein said range finding devices includes a plurality of groups of a plurality of superimposed figures.
6. A gunsight according to claim 1 and further comprising:
objective lens means for presenting an object onto an image plane;
inverting tube means positioned relative to said image plane for inverting the object image appearing in said image plane;
ocular lens means for presenting the inverted object image for viewing;
a primary reticule positioned in a fixed relationship with one end of said inverting tube means, said one end being the end disposed more distally from said image plane;
an adjustment means manually actuable for positioning the other end of said inverting tube means relative to said one end, for adjusting said primary reticule relative to the image formed in said image plane;
and wherein said telescope reticule is movable both horizontally and vertically in said image plane independent of said inverting tube means;
and wherein said mounting means is controllable for moving said telescope reticule relative to said primary reticule.
objective lens means for presenting an object onto an image plane;
inverting tube means positioned relative to said image plane for inverting the object image appearing in said image plane;
ocular lens means for presenting the inverted object image for viewing;
a primary reticule positioned in a fixed relationship with one end of said inverting tube means, said one end being the end disposed more distally from said image plane;
an adjustment means manually actuable for positioning the other end of said inverting tube means relative to said one end, for adjusting said primary reticule relative to the image formed in said image plane;
and wherein said telescope reticule is movable both horizontally and vertically in said image plane independent of said inverting tube means;
and wherein said mounting means is controllable for moving said telescope reticule relative to said primary reticule.
7. A sight according to claim 6 wherein said telescope reticule is retractable outside of the field of view of said inverting means.
8. A sight according to claim 7 and further including setable limit stop means for manually setting a position of stop of said telescope reticule along its path of movement, for permitting manual movement of said telescope reticule from a retracted position outside the field of view of said inverting tube means to a preset position defined by said limit stop means.
9. A sight according to claim 6 wherein said telescope reticule is rotatable about a fixed axis; and further including knob means connected to said telescope reticule and manually rotatable for controlling the relative position of said teles-cope reticule.
10. A sight according to claim 6 and further including a platform member rotatably mounted for movement in a plane orthogonal to the image plane, and wherein said telescope reti-cule is connected to said platform member for conjoint movement therewith.
11. A sight according to claim 10 wherein said telescope reticule is extendible relative to said platform member.
12. A sight according to claim 6 wherein said telescope reticule includes indicia visible solely at a power higher than the lowest power of the sight.
13. A sight according to claim 6 wherein said telescope reticule is translucent, said telescope reticule bearing range indicia.
14. A sight according to claim 13 wherein said range in-dicia includes stadia means for correlating extent of range of the object viewed through the gun sight; and wherein said telescope reticule bears bullet drop compensating marks visually associated with said stadia means for indicating the sight position for aiming at the object.
15. A sight according to claim 13 wherein said telescope reticule includes windage marks.
16. A sight according to claim 14 wherein said stadia means includes a plurality of superimposed figures.
17. A sight according to claim 16 wherein said super-imposed figures are circles contacting at a single point on their respective circumferences.
18. A sight according to claim 16 wherein said stadia means includes a plurality of groups of a plurality of superimposed figures.
19. A gunsight according to claim 1 and further comprising a primary reticule;
means for adjusting said primary reticule horizontally and vertically with respect to the axis of the gunsight;
and wherein said telescope reticule is selectively movable horizontally and vertically with respect to said primary reticule, said telescope reticule being selectively movable from an operative position wherein it is visible in the field of view of the gunsight to an inoperative position wherein it is not visible in the field of view.
means for adjusting said primary reticule horizontally and vertically with respect to the axis of the gunsight;
and wherein said telescope reticule is selectively movable horizontally and vertically with respect to said primary reticule, said telescope reticule being selectively movable from an operative position wherein it is visible in the field of view of the gunsight to an inoperative position wherein it is not visible in the field of view.
20. A gunsight according to claim 19 wherein said telescope gunsight has an aperture formed therein at its upper end; and wherein said telescope reticule comprises a first cylin-drical plug mounted in said opening and rotatable about its central axis;
a rotatable member threadably mounted in said plug offset from the central axis thereof and extending downwardly therefrom;
and wherein said telescope reticule being connected to the lower end of said rotatable member.
a rotatable member threadably mounted in said plug offset from the central axis thereof and extending downwardly therefrom;
and wherein said telescope reticule being connected to the lower end of said rotatable member.
21. A gunsight according to claim 20 wherein the rotational movement of said plug relative to said aperture causes said telescope reticule to be moved horizontally relative to said primary reticule, and the threadable movement of said rotatable member causes said telescope reticule to be moved vertically relative to said primary reticule.
22. A gunsight according to claim 19 and further including suitable limit stop means for manually setting a position of stop of said telescope reticule along its path of movement, for per-mitting manual movement of said telescope reticule from a re-tracted position outside the field of view of the gunsight to a preset position defined by said limit stop means within said field of view.
23. A gunsight according to claim 22 and further including knob cap means connectable to said telescope reticule for pro-viding a surface for manual gripping by the hunter for con-trolling the relative position of said telescope reticule.
24. A gunsight according to claim 19 wherein said telescope reticule includes range indicia visible solely at a power higher than the lowest power of the sight.
25. A gunsight according to claim 24 wherein said range indicia includes stadia means for correlating extent of range of the viewed object through the gunsight; and wherein said telescope reticule bears bullet drop compensating marks visually associated with said stadia means for indicating the sight position for aiming at the object.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US06/206,668 US4403421A (en) | 1980-11-13 | 1980-11-13 | Telescopic gun sight |
| US206,668 | 1980-11-13 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1176089A true CA1176089A (en) | 1984-10-16 |
Family
ID=22767415
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000387760A Expired CA1176089A (en) | 1980-11-13 | 1981-10-13 | Telescopic gun sight |
Country Status (13)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4403421A (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS57154215A (en) |
| AR (1) | AR229254A1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU7707581A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8107356A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1176089A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3145035A1 (en) |
| IL (1) | IL64098A (en) |
| MX (1) | MX155671A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO160163C (en) |
| NZ (1) | NZ198610A (en) |
| SE (1) | SE449659B (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA817588B (en) |
Families Citing this family (78)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4584776A (en) * | 1980-11-13 | 1986-04-29 | Shepherd Daniel R | Telescopic gun sight |
| US4965439A (en) * | 1982-09-24 | 1990-10-23 | Moore Sidney D | Microcontroller-controlled device for surveying, rangefinding and trajectory compensation |
| US4787739A (en) * | 1984-03-30 | 1988-11-29 | Thomas W Gregory | Range finder |
| JPS6152621A (en) * | 1984-08-22 | 1986-03-15 | Hakko Seiki Kk | Collimating telescope |
| AT394457B (en) * | 1985-12-18 | 1992-04-10 | Basta Walter | RIFLE SCOPE WITH AUTOMATIC ELEVATION DEVICE FOR SNIPER RIFLES |
| US4806007A (en) * | 1987-11-06 | 1989-02-21 | Armson, Inc. | Optical gun sight |
| DE3824268A1 (en) * | 1988-07-16 | 1990-01-18 | Hensoldt & Soehne Wetzlar Opti | Telescopic sight having cross-lines grid |
| US5020892A (en) * | 1989-09-25 | 1991-06-04 | Burris Company, Inc. | Aperture control for telescopic gunsight |
| US5181323A (en) * | 1991-02-04 | 1993-01-26 | Gary Cooper | Hunting scope for determining accurate trajectory of a weapon |
| DE4222417C2 (en) * | 1992-07-08 | 1994-06-23 | Swarovski & Co | Binoculars with additional information |
| CN1041349C (en) * | 1994-01-31 | 1998-12-23 | 湖北长江光电仪器厂 | Calibration method and device of sighting device |
| CN1038273C (en) * | 1994-07-07 | 1998-05-06 | 湖北长江光电仪器厂 | Fast ajustable sighting lens |
| CN1038272C (en) * | 1994-09-19 | 1998-05-06 | 湖北长江光电仪器厂 | Aiming sight with eccentric spring ring |
| US6042080A (en) * | 1996-11-21 | 2000-03-28 | Shepherd; Thomas Jefferson | Multi-purpose rest having magnetic base |
| US6453595B1 (en) | 1997-12-08 | 2002-09-24 | Horus Vision, Llc | Gunsight and reticle therefor |
| AU2004205102B8 (en) * | 1997-12-08 | 2009-07-23 | Horus Vision, Llc | Apparatus and method for calculating aiming point information for rifle scopes |
| US7856750B2 (en) | 1997-12-08 | 2010-12-28 | Horus Vision Llc | Apparatus and method for calculating aiming point information |
| US5920995A (en) * | 1997-12-08 | 1999-07-13 | Sammut; Dennis J. | Gunsight and reticle therefor |
| US7937878B2 (en) * | 1997-12-08 | 2011-05-10 | Horus Vision Llc | Apparatus and method for calculating aiming point information |
| US7832137B2 (en) * | 1997-12-08 | 2010-11-16 | Horus Vision, Llc | Apparatus and method for calculating aiming point information |
| US6516699B2 (en) | 1997-12-08 | 2003-02-11 | Horus Vision, Llc | Apparatus and method for calculating aiming point information for rifle scopes |
| US20050188600A1 (en) * | 1998-01-29 | 2005-09-01 | Malley Paul J. | Telescopic weapon aiming system |
| US6868615B2 (en) * | 1998-06-08 | 2005-03-22 | Paul Joseph Malley | Telescopic weapon aiming system |
| US6357158B1 (en) | 1998-09-14 | 2002-03-19 | Smith, Iii Thomas D. | Reticle-equipped telescopic gunsight and aiming system |
| US6269581B1 (en) | 1999-04-12 | 2001-08-07 | John Groh | Range compensating rifle scope |
| CN1120993C (en) * | 1999-08-27 | 2003-09-10 | 武汉长江光电有限公司 | Quickly calibrated aiming device |
| US6609325B2 (en) * | 2000-07-27 | 2003-08-26 | Michael Leon Harris | Indexing system to aid in the installation of a telescopic sight on a firearm |
| DE10136387A1 (en) * | 2001-07-26 | 2003-02-13 | Zeiss Carl | Optical objective for semiconductor lithography has optical element with reflective reference surface used for adjustment relative to objective |
| US6729062B2 (en) * | 2002-01-31 | 2004-05-04 | Richard L. Thomas | Mil.dot reticle and method for producing the same |
| DE10219514A1 (en) * | 2002-04-30 | 2003-11-13 | Zeiss Carl Smt Ag | Lighting system, especially for EUV lithography |
| DE10248524A1 (en) * | 2002-10-17 | 2004-04-29 | Hensoldt Ag | Method of attaching a structure |
| US7603804B2 (en) | 2003-11-04 | 2009-10-20 | Leupold & Stevens, Inc. | Ballistic reticle for projectile weapon aiming systems and method of aiming |
| US7265917B2 (en) | 2003-12-23 | 2007-09-04 | Carl Zeiss Smt Ag | Replacement apparatus for an optical element |
| US20050257414A1 (en) * | 2004-11-10 | 2005-11-24 | Leupold & Stevens, Inc. | Tactical ranging reticle for a projectile weapon aiming device |
| US7963206B2 (en) * | 2005-02-15 | 2011-06-21 | David Eric Bartle | Apparatus for sighting-in a gun |
| CN100410720C (en) * | 2005-03-24 | 2008-08-13 | 深圳市金凯进光电仪器有限公司 | Optical axis regulating handwheel of aiming lens |
| US7685760B1 (en) * | 2006-06-15 | 2010-03-30 | Jt Sports Llc | Paintball marker sight apparatus |
| US7738082B1 (en) | 2006-10-20 | 2010-06-15 | Leupold & Stevens, Inc. | System and method for measuring a size of a distant object |
| US8721460B2 (en) * | 2007-01-04 | 2014-05-13 | Jakks Pacific, Inc. | Toy laser gun and laser target system |
| US7836626B2 (en) * | 2007-02-28 | 2010-11-23 | Shepherd Daniel R | Telescopic gun sight windage correction system |
| US7793456B1 (en) * | 2007-10-31 | 2010-09-14 | Nikon Inc. | Gun sight reticle having adjustable sighting marks for bullet drop compensation |
| US20090193705A1 (en) * | 2008-02-06 | 2009-08-06 | Truglo, Inc. | Sighting Device with Trajectory Compensation |
| DE102008000967B4 (en) | 2008-04-03 | 2015-04-09 | Carl Zeiss Smt Gmbh | Projection exposure machine for EUV microlithography |
| US8353454B2 (en) * | 2009-05-15 | 2013-01-15 | Horus Vision, Llc | Apparatus and method for calculating aiming point information |
| US7877886B1 (en) | 2009-12-11 | 2011-02-01 | Sheltered Wings, Inc. | Reticle for stadiametric rangefinding |
| TWI400431B (en) * | 2010-01-04 | 2013-07-01 | Asia Optical Co Inc | Rangefinder |
| US8172139B1 (en) | 2010-11-22 | 2012-05-08 | Bitterroot Advance Ballistics Research, LLC | Ballistic ranging methods and systems for inclined shooting |
| US8701330B2 (en) | 2011-01-01 | 2014-04-22 | G. David Tubb | Ballistic effect compensating reticle and aim compensation method |
| US11480411B2 (en) | 2011-01-01 | 2022-10-25 | G. David Tubb | Range-finding and compensating scope with ballistic effect compensating reticle, aim compensation method and adaptive method for compensating for variations in ammunition or variations in atmospheric conditions |
| US9121672B2 (en) | 2011-01-01 | 2015-09-01 | G. David Tubb | Ballistic effect compensating reticle and aim compensation method with sloped mil and MOA wind dot lines |
| WO2013022514A2 (en) | 2011-05-27 | 2013-02-14 | Tubb G David | Dynamic targeting system with projectile-specific aiming indicia in a reticle and method for estimating ballistic effects of changing environment and ammunition |
| US9429745B2 (en) | 2011-08-02 | 2016-08-30 | Leupold & Stevens, Inc. | Variable reticle for optical sighting devices responsive to optical magnification adjustment |
| US8705173B2 (en) * | 2012-01-04 | 2014-04-22 | Leupold & Stevens, Inc. | Optical rangefinder and reticle system for variable optical power sighting devices |
| WO2013106280A1 (en) | 2012-01-10 | 2013-07-18 | Horus Vision Llc | Apparatus and method for calculating aiming point information |
| US9631896B2 (en) | 2012-11-15 | 2017-04-25 | C. Michael Scroggins | Projectile aiming optical system |
| US9038307B2 (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2015-05-26 | Leupold & Stevens, Inc. | Projectile-weapon reticle with holdover aiming features for multiple projectile velocities |
| USD709588S1 (en) | 2012-11-20 | 2014-07-22 | Leupold & Stevens, Inc. | Reticle for a riflescope or other projectile-weapon aiming device |
| EP2943735A4 (en) | 2013-01-11 | 2016-09-21 | Dennis Sammut | Apparatus and method for calculating aiming point information |
| US10900745B2 (en) | 2013-09-06 | 2021-01-26 | Sheltered Wings, Inc. | Dual focal plane reticles for optical sighting devices |
| US20150323780A1 (en) * | 2013-09-06 | 2015-11-12 | Sheltered Wings, Inc. | Dual focal plane reticles for optical sighting devices |
| US20160252325A1 (en) * | 2013-10-08 | 2016-09-01 | Horus Vision Llc | Compositions, methods and systems for external and internal environmental sensing |
| JP6360309B2 (en) * | 2014-01-14 | 2018-07-18 | 株式会社ライト光機製作所 | Sighting telescope reticle mechanism |
| DE102014102966A1 (en) * | 2014-03-06 | 2015-09-24 | Gso German Sports Optics Gmbh & Co. Kg | Optical device with a measuring scale |
| RU2564214C1 (en) * | 2014-08-19 | 2015-09-27 | Семён Геннадьевич Кучин | Optical sight |
| US9945637B1 (en) | 2014-10-02 | 2018-04-17 | Thomas J. Lasslo | Scope and method for sighting-in a firearm |
| EP3182050A1 (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2017-06-21 | Faisal Kedairy | Reticle |
| US9539948B1 (en) | 2016-03-22 | 2017-01-10 | Jac Products, Inc. | Telescoping step assist system and method |
| US11268783B2 (en) | 2016-10-28 | 2022-03-08 | Crosman Corporation | Airgun with selective bypass from high pressure reservoir to firing pressure reservoir |
| US10337824B2 (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2019-07-02 | Crosman Corporation | Airgun with selective bypass from high pressure reservoir to firing pressure reservoir |
| US10907934B2 (en) | 2017-10-11 | 2021-02-02 | Sig Sauer, Inc. | Ballistic aiming system with digital reticle |
| US10723272B2 (en) | 2017-12-04 | 2020-07-28 | Jac Products, Inc. | Step rail system for vehicle |
| US10458752B1 (en) | 2018-07-25 | 2019-10-29 | Trijicon, Inc. | Folded relay spring for optical sight |
| EP3847503A4 (en) | 2018-09-04 | 2022-09-14 | HVRT Corp. | Reticles, methods of use and manufacture |
| EP4073458A4 (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2023-11-08 | Dimitri Mikroulis | Firearm magnifier, system and method |
| WO2021146403A1 (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2021-07-22 | Sheltered Wings, Inc. | Zoom cell |
| US11454473B2 (en) | 2020-01-17 | 2022-09-27 | Sig Sauer, Inc. | Telescopic sight having ballistic group storage |
| CA3184271A1 (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2021-11-25 | Sheltered Wings, Inc. D/B/A Vortex Optics | Reticle for multi-role viewing optic |
| USD979005S1 (en) | 2022-05-03 | 2023-02-21 | Leapers, Inc. | Ranging reticle for an optical device |
Family Cites Families (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1006699A (en) * | 1911-07-05 | 1911-10-24 | Zeiss Carl Fa | Sighting-telescope. |
| US2094623A (en) * | 1935-06-29 | 1937-10-05 | Fred E Stokey | Telescopic sight |
| US2150629A (en) * | 1938-04-01 | 1939-03-14 | Mossberg & Sons O F | Telescope |
| US2627659A (en) * | 1950-03-16 | 1953-02-10 | Charles H Murr | Telescope reticle adjustment |
| US2949816A (en) * | 1956-01-16 | 1960-08-23 | William R Weaver | Telescope sight for firearms |
| US2891445A (en) * | 1956-03-31 | 1959-06-23 | Ernst Leitz Canada Ltd | Telescopic sight |
| US2955512A (en) * | 1956-04-03 | 1960-10-11 | Redfield Gun Sight Co | Telescope rifle sight with pivoted reticle and erector lens tube |
| US2823457A (en) * | 1956-08-10 | 1958-02-18 | Joseph W Mihalyi | Reticle adjustment mechanism |
| US3313026A (en) * | 1965-07-13 | 1967-04-11 | David P Bushnell | Selectively variable telescopic sight reticule |
| US3392450A (en) * | 1966-01-21 | 1968-07-16 | Herter Inc S | Telescope with rangefinding reticle |
| US3492733A (en) * | 1968-04-23 | 1970-02-03 | James M Leatherwood | Variable power sighting scope |
| JPS475088U (en) * | 1971-02-08 | 1972-09-14 | ||
| US3777404A (en) * | 1971-11-10 | 1973-12-11 | R Oreck | Gunsight alignment apparatus |
-
1980
- 1980-11-13 US US06/206,668 patent/US4403421A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1981
- 1981-10-12 NZ NZ198610A patent/NZ198610A/en unknown
- 1981-10-13 CA CA000387760A patent/CA1176089A/en not_active Expired
- 1981-10-22 IL IL64098A patent/IL64098A/en unknown
- 1981-11-03 ZA ZA817588A patent/ZA817588B/en unknown
- 1981-11-04 AU AU77075/81A patent/AU7707581A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1981-11-11 SE SE8106691A patent/SE449659B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1981-11-12 AR AR287419A patent/AR229254A1/en active
- 1981-11-12 DE DE19813145035 patent/DE3145035A1/en active Granted
- 1981-11-12 BR BR8107356A patent/BR8107356A/en unknown
- 1981-11-13 JP JP56181238A patent/JPS57154215A/en active Pending
- 1981-11-13 MX MX190103A patent/MX155671A/en unknown
- 1981-11-13 NO NO813844A patent/NO160163C/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE3145035C2 (en) | 1990-08-09 |
| US4403421A (en) | 1983-09-13 |
| AR229254A1 (en) | 1983-07-15 |
| ZA817588B (en) | 1982-10-27 |
| NO160163B (en) | 1988-12-05 |
| MX155671A (en) | 1988-04-12 |
| SE8106691L (en) | 1982-05-14 |
| DE3145035A1 (en) | 1982-06-24 |
| JPS57154215A (en) | 1982-09-24 |
| AU7707581A (en) | 1982-05-20 |
| NZ198610A (en) | 1985-08-16 |
| BR8107356A (en) | 1982-08-03 |
| SE449659B (en) | 1987-05-11 |
| NO160163C (en) | 1989-03-15 |
| NO813844L (en) | 1982-05-14 |
| IL64098A (en) | 1985-12-31 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CA1176089A (en) | Telescopic gun sight | |
| US4584776A (en) | Telescopic gun sight | |
| US4618221A (en) | Adjustable reticle device | |
| US5181323A (en) | Hunting scope for determining accurate trajectory of a weapon | |
| US7552558B1 (en) | Mirror sight apparatus with integral rear sight | |
| CA2324685C (en) | Rifle scope with side indicia | |
| US7836626B2 (en) | Telescopic gun sight windage correction system | |
| US4285137A (en) | Trajectory compensating device | |
| US4497548A (en) | Variable-power riflescope with range-compensating reticle and a field stop diaphram centered off the optical axis | |
| US6311424B1 (en) | Telescope for weapons and other applications | |
| US20050039370A1 (en) | Gun sight compensator | |
| US5040885A (en) | Telescope designator | |
| US4375725A (en) | Optical sight | |
| US10101124B2 (en) | Scope adapted for short and long range zeroing | |
| CZ2000605A3 (en) | Improved gun sight and reticle therefor | |
| EP1963774A1 (en) | Rifle scope and aligning device | |
| US11512928B2 (en) | Adjustable reflex sight | |
| US10502530B1 (en) | Riflescope with attachable aiming corrector and method for using same | |
| US20180306554A1 (en) | Scope adapted for short and long range zeroing | |
| US5784182A (en) | Directional sight for instruments | |
| US20200232765A1 (en) | Scope adapted for short and long range zeroing | |
| US3475821A (en) | Sub-target aiming device | |
| US7257920B1 (en) | Aiming device | |
| CA1085200A (en) | Sighting device for small arms | |
| US3302292A (en) | Archery aiming device |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |