CA1154652A - Soap composition - Google Patents
Soap compositionInfo
- Publication number
- CA1154652A CA1154652A CA000374323A CA374323A CA1154652A CA 1154652 A CA1154652 A CA 1154652A CA 000374323 A CA000374323 A CA 000374323A CA 374323 A CA374323 A CA 374323A CA 1154652 A CA1154652 A CA 1154652A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- soap
- composition
- fatty acids
- fatty acid
- soaps
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Abstract
ABSTRACT
An aqueous liquid or semi-liquid soap composition, for use for example as a shower or bath product, is in the form of a single liquid phase which is preferably transparent. The composition comprises soap chosen from monoethanolamine soaps, diethanolamine soaps or mixtures thereof, and a thickening agent chosen from C12 to C18 fatty acids, C12 to C18 fatty acid alkanolamides or mixtures thereof.
An aqueous liquid or semi-liquid soap composition, for use for example as a shower or bath product, is in the form of a single liquid phase which is preferably transparent. The composition comprises soap chosen from monoethanolamine soaps, diethanolamine soaps or mixtures thereof, and a thickening agent chosen from C12 to C18 fatty acids, C12 to C18 fatty acid alkanolamides or mixtures thereof.
Description
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SOAP COMPOSI~ION
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~ he invention relates to a liquid soap composition, and more particularly to compositi.ons in which the soap component comprises soap o-ther than sodium soap~
Aqueous liquid soap products containing sodium soap as the main soap ingredien-t tend to be unstable and readily form heterogerlous gels even at low soap concentra-tions of up to ~% by weight. I-t is ~or this reason that the more soluble soaps, especially those based on po-tassium, ammonium, and tri-ethanolamines are generally employed in the manufacture of water-based liquid soaps.
When thickening aqueous liquid soaps, it is no-t possible to use sodium chloride such as is traditionally employed in the thickening of liquid non-soap detergents because the soaps tend to precipitate.
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. . .
SOAP COMPOSI~ION
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~ he invention relates to a liquid soap composition, and more particularly to compositi.ons in which the soap component comprises soap o-ther than sodium soap~
Aqueous liquid soap products containing sodium soap as the main soap ingredien-t tend to be unstable and readily form heterogerlous gels even at low soap concentra-tions of up to ~% by weight. I-t is ~or this reason that the more soluble soaps, especially those based on po-tassium, ammonium, and tri-ethanolamines are generally employed in the manufacture of water-based liquid soaps.
When thickening aqueous liquid soaps, it is no-t possible to use sodium chloride such as is traditionally employed in the thickening of liquid non-soap detergents because the soaps tend to precipitate.
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- 2 - J.731 As an alternative, aqueous liquid soaps can be thickened by increasing -the concentra-tion of the more solvble soaps~ or by addition of fatty acid e-thanolamides or free fatty acids, bu-t these methods o~ thickening are not withou-t problems, since in the presence of certain perfumes as commonly employed in soap manufac-ture, phase separation can occur, particularly when the viscosi-t-y exceeds 2000 cps.
Jt has now ~ocn ~l;s~ovorcd tha-t -th-~c1ccncd :l~UCOUS
liquid soaps having a viscosity greater than 2000 cps~ and even as high as 10,000 cps can be obtained, without -the aloremen-tioned problem o~ phase separation, by selection o~ a specific soap for the composition.
~ccordin~ly, -khû in~cn~ion provides an aqu~ous li~uid soap composition comprising a single liquid phase con-taining soap chosen from monoe-thanolamine soaps, diethanolamine so~ps and mixtures thereof, and a -thickenin~ agen-t chosen ~rom C12 to C18 fatty acids 7 C12 -to a18 fatty acid alkanolamides and mixtures thereof.
~he inven-tion also provides a process for preparing an ~clu~ou~ liquid soap composition comprising a single liquid phasc, which process COI~priSeS mixin~ to~ether 50ap chosen from monoethanolamine soaps, diethanolamine soaps and mixtures thereof, and a -thickening agent chosen from C~2 -to C18 fa-tty acids, C12 -to C1g fatty acid alkanolamides and mixtures thereof.
It should be explained that the liquid soap compositions of -the invention include flowable liquids and gels comprising a single liquid phase which is preferably water-clear.
The soap component of the composition is a wa-ter-soluble or water~dispersible soap chosen from monoe-thanol-amine and/or diethanolamine-soaps of fa-tty acids.
~ he ~atty acid moiety of -the monoe-thanolamine and/or diethanolamine soaps will normally be derived from a
Jt has now ~ocn ~l;s~ovorcd tha-t -th-~c1ccncd :l~UCOUS
liquid soaps having a viscosity greater than 2000 cps~ and even as high as 10,000 cps can be obtained, without -the aloremen-tioned problem o~ phase separation, by selection o~ a specific soap for the composition.
~ccordin~ly, -khû in~cn~ion provides an aqu~ous li~uid soap composition comprising a single liquid phase con-taining soap chosen from monoe-thanolamine soaps, diethanolamine so~ps and mixtures thereof, and a -thickenin~ agen-t chosen ~rom C12 to C18 fatty acids 7 C12 -to a18 fatty acid alkanolamides and mixtures thereof.
~he inven-tion also provides a process for preparing an ~clu~ou~ liquid soap composition comprising a single liquid phasc, which process COI~priSeS mixin~ to~ether 50ap chosen from monoethanolamine soaps, diethanolamine soaps and mixtures thereof, and a -thickening agent chosen from C~2 -to C18 fa-tty acids, C12 -to C1g fatty acid alkanolamides and mixtures thereof.
It should be explained that the liquid soap compositions of -the invention include flowable liquids and gels comprising a single liquid phase which is preferably water-clear.
The soap component of the composition is a wa-ter-soluble or water~dispersible soap chosen from monoe-thanol-amine and/or diethanolamine-soaps of fa-tty acids.
~ he ~atty acid moiety of -the monoe-thanolamine and/or diethanolamine soaps will normally be derived from a
- 3 - J.731 mixture of fatty acids having a carbon chain of from 1~ to 18 carbon a~omsO Preferably, these fatty acids comprise saturated fatty acids.
The preferred soap is a soap of coconut fatty acids, ~hat is fatty acids derived from coconut class oils, for example, coconut, palm kernel and babacue oils. Minor amounts of up to 30%, preferably 10 to 20~ by weight of soaps of tallow class fatty acids derived from tallow, may be admixed with the coconut fatty acid soaps to improve their lathering and solubility characteristics if desired.
Whereas tallow fatty acids are predominantly C16 to C18 fatty acids, the coconut oil fatty acids are of shorter chain length and are predominantly C10 to C14 fatty acids.
The amount of soap employed in the composition is from 5 to 30%, preferably from lQ to 25% by weight of the composition Compositions containing less than 5~ of the soap are unlikely to produce sufficient lather and be incapable of adequate cleansing in use, whereas compositions containing more than 30~ by weight of soap are likely to suffer from the disadvantage that phase separat:ion can occur on storage, with the result that the aqueous li.quid soap develops a heterogenous granular appearance.
It is also possible optionally to employ a small quantity of sodium soap in the composition, provided that the single liquid phase character of the composition is maintained and provided that no substantial precipitation occurs.
When the sodium soap is employed, it will generally be present in the composition at a concentration of not greater than 2%.
The aqueous liquid soap composition also comprises C12 to C18 fatty acid or C12 to C18 fatty acid alkanolamide, or a mixture thereof as a thickening agent, instead of conventional thickeners such as sodium chloride or sodium ,:
. ~ ;.
, , :~5~6~i~
_ 4 _ J 731 sulphate as are used in li~uid non-soap detergents. The fatty acid alkanolamide can also aid the solubilisation of perfume that is commonly employed inthe formulation.
The preferred alkanolamide is coconut fatty acid diethanol amide, and the preferred fatty acid is coconut type fatty acid.
The amount of fatty acid or fatty acid alkanolamide, or a mixture thereof, that can optionally be employed is from 0.5 to 5%, preferably 1 to 4% and ideally about 2% by weight of the composition.
If less than 0.5% by weight of the fatty acid and/or fatty acid alkanolamide is employed, it is likely that the composition will be unsufficiently thickened. If on the other hand, more than 5~ by weight of fatty acid and/or fatty acid alkanolamide is employed, the composition may be too thic]c for use as a liquid product. This is however not necessarily a disadvantage if a gel product is required. More than 5~ by weight of the fatty acid alkanolamide can cause phase separation giving an otherwise transparent product an opaque or turbid appearance due to separated perfume.
The composition can also optionally include other ingredients conventionally used in soap such as lather boosters, humectants such as glycerine, moisturisers, colourants and opaciEiers.
A particularly preferred opacifier that can be employed when an opaque rather than a transparent soap composition is desired is ethylene glycol mono- or di-stearate, for example in the form of a 20~ solution in sodium lauryl ether sulphate. An alternative opacifying agent is zinc stearate.
Products of the invention can be prepared by mixing together the above-defined ingredients in the amounts as specified herein. It is however convenient for form the monoethanolamine soap and/or the diethanolamine soap by mixing together mono- and/or diethanolamine with free fatty 5~
_ 5 _ J.731 acids in the appropriate stochiometric proportions, or with a slight excess of the fatty acids. Excess of the fatty acids added for this purpose can also function as thickening agent in the manner herein described.
The product can take the form of a water-clear, i.e.
transparent, liquid soap, in which case it will not contain an opacifier, or alternatively, it can take the form of an opaque liquid soap containing an opacifier such as that herein defined.
The compositions of the invention can be used for personal or fabric washing. Examples of personal washing products are liquid soaps for use in handwashing dispenser, or as liquid or gel shower products.
The invention is illustrated by the following examples which exemplify liquid soap products for personal and fabric washing.
Example 1 This Example illustrates a shower gel product.
A shower gel product was prepared by mixing together the following insredients:
% w/w Monoethanolamine soap of fatty acids in the range C12 to Clg 14.2 Fatty acids in the range Cl2 t:o Cl8 3.0 Coconut fatty acid diethanolamide 2.5 Glycerol 0.5 Perfume 1.5 Distilled water 78.3 The shower gel had a pH value of between 8.5 ~nd 3.0 30 and a viscosity of from 2,000 to 6,000 cps.
Example 2 This Example illustrates a shower gel product.
A shower gel product can be prepared by mixing together the following ingredients:
.
,.~ .
6 ~2 ~ 6 - J.731 /o ~/w Die-thanolamine soap of La-t-ty acids in the range C12 -to C18 16~7 ~atty acids in the range C12 to C18 3~0 3 Coconu-t diethanol~midc 3.0 Glycerol 0.8 Perfumc 1.5 Distilled water 75~0 lhe shower gel will ha~e a pH value of between 8 and 9.5 ~nd a v:i~cosity o~ fr.ol[l ~,OpO to 7,000 cp3.
Example ~ -'~his Example illus-trates a liquid fabric washing product.
A liquid fabric washing product can be prepared by mixing -together the following i.ngredients:
% ~r/w Monoethanolamine soap of ~atty acids in the range C12 -to C,l~ '19 Po-tassium soap of fa-tty aci~s in the range C12 to C18 L~.2 Coconut Fatty acid die-thanolamide ~.5 Ethanol 50 Perfume 0.5 ~luorescer and colouring matter 0.9 Water 66.1 '~he liquid produc-t can be emp:Loyed ~or washing fabrics, particularl7 woollen garmen-ts by dilution wi-th wa-ter in an amount o~ from 'I part li~uld product to ~00 to 500 parts water.
Exam~le L~
'~his Example illustrates a liquid soap product suitable Lor pe:r30nal washing.
A liquid soap ~ersonal washing product was prepared from -the following ingredients:
5~ `
- 7 - J.731 % w/w Lauric acid 8.5 ~
Yyristic acid ~.0 3 S-tearine 3. ' Monoethanolamine ~.7 Chelating agent 0.1 Ant-i oxidant 0.02 Perfume 1.2 Coconut ~at~y acid d.iethanolamid.e 2 5 Colouring matter i 0.001 Water 77.979 ~ he liquid soap pe:rsonal washing produc-t was prepared by mixing -together the free fatty acids and the mono-ethanolamine to form the corresponding monoethanolamine soap of these fatty acids. ~he remaining ingredients were incorporated by ca-reful mixing to provide the finished product which is suitable for personal washing.
' :~
The preferred soap is a soap of coconut fatty acids, ~hat is fatty acids derived from coconut class oils, for example, coconut, palm kernel and babacue oils. Minor amounts of up to 30%, preferably 10 to 20~ by weight of soaps of tallow class fatty acids derived from tallow, may be admixed with the coconut fatty acid soaps to improve their lathering and solubility characteristics if desired.
Whereas tallow fatty acids are predominantly C16 to C18 fatty acids, the coconut oil fatty acids are of shorter chain length and are predominantly C10 to C14 fatty acids.
The amount of soap employed in the composition is from 5 to 30%, preferably from lQ to 25% by weight of the composition Compositions containing less than 5~ of the soap are unlikely to produce sufficient lather and be incapable of adequate cleansing in use, whereas compositions containing more than 30~ by weight of soap are likely to suffer from the disadvantage that phase separat:ion can occur on storage, with the result that the aqueous li.quid soap develops a heterogenous granular appearance.
It is also possible optionally to employ a small quantity of sodium soap in the composition, provided that the single liquid phase character of the composition is maintained and provided that no substantial precipitation occurs.
When the sodium soap is employed, it will generally be present in the composition at a concentration of not greater than 2%.
The aqueous liquid soap composition also comprises C12 to C18 fatty acid or C12 to C18 fatty acid alkanolamide, or a mixture thereof as a thickening agent, instead of conventional thickeners such as sodium chloride or sodium ,:
. ~ ;.
, , :~5~6~i~
_ 4 _ J 731 sulphate as are used in li~uid non-soap detergents. The fatty acid alkanolamide can also aid the solubilisation of perfume that is commonly employed inthe formulation.
The preferred alkanolamide is coconut fatty acid diethanol amide, and the preferred fatty acid is coconut type fatty acid.
The amount of fatty acid or fatty acid alkanolamide, or a mixture thereof, that can optionally be employed is from 0.5 to 5%, preferably 1 to 4% and ideally about 2% by weight of the composition.
If less than 0.5% by weight of the fatty acid and/or fatty acid alkanolamide is employed, it is likely that the composition will be unsufficiently thickened. If on the other hand, more than 5~ by weight of fatty acid and/or fatty acid alkanolamide is employed, the composition may be too thic]c for use as a liquid product. This is however not necessarily a disadvantage if a gel product is required. More than 5~ by weight of the fatty acid alkanolamide can cause phase separation giving an otherwise transparent product an opaque or turbid appearance due to separated perfume.
The composition can also optionally include other ingredients conventionally used in soap such as lather boosters, humectants such as glycerine, moisturisers, colourants and opaciEiers.
A particularly preferred opacifier that can be employed when an opaque rather than a transparent soap composition is desired is ethylene glycol mono- or di-stearate, for example in the form of a 20~ solution in sodium lauryl ether sulphate. An alternative opacifying agent is zinc stearate.
Products of the invention can be prepared by mixing together the above-defined ingredients in the amounts as specified herein. It is however convenient for form the monoethanolamine soap and/or the diethanolamine soap by mixing together mono- and/or diethanolamine with free fatty 5~
_ 5 _ J.731 acids in the appropriate stochiometric proportions, or with a slight excess of the fatty acids. Excess of the fatty acids added for this purpose can also function as thickening agent in the manner herein described.
The product can take the form of a water-clear, i.e.
transparent, liquid soap, in which case it will not contain an opacifier, or alternatively, it can take the form of an opaque liquid soap containing an opacifier such as that herein defined.
The compositions of the invention can be used for personal or fabric washing. Examples of personal washing products are liquid soaps for use in handwashing dispenser, or as liquid or gel shower products.
The invention is illustrated by the following examples which exemplify liquid soap products for personal and fabric washing.
Example 1 This Example illustrates a shower gel product.
A shower gel product was prepared by mixing together the following insredients:
% w/w Monoethanolamine soap of fatty acids in the range C12 to Clg 14.2 Fatty acids in the range Cl2 t:o Cl8 3.0 Coconut fatty acid diethanolamide 2.5 Glycerol 0.5 Perfume 1.5 Distilled water 78.3 The shower gel had a pH value of between 8.5 ~nd 3.0 30 and a viscosity of from 2,000 to 6,000 cps.
Example 2 This Example illustrates a shower gel product.
A shower gel product can be prepared by mixing together the following ingredients:
.
,.~ .
6 ~2 ~ 6 - J.731 /o ~/w Die-thanolamine soap of La-t-ty acids in the range C12 -to C18 16~7 ~atty acids in the range C12 to C18 3~0 3 Coconu-t diethanol~midc 3.0 Glycerol 0.8 Perfumc 1.5 Distilled water 75~0 lhe shower gel will ha~e a pH value of between 8 and 9.5 ~nd a v:i~cosity o~ fr.ol[l ~,OpO to 7,000 cp3.
Example ~ -'~his Example illus-trates a liquid fabric washing product.
A liquid fabric washing product can be prepared by mixing -together the following i.ngredients:
% ~r/w Monoethanolamine soap of ~atty acids in the range C12 -to C,l~ '19 Po-tassium soap of fa-tty aci~s in the range C12 to C18 L~.2 Coconut Fatty acid die-thanolamide ~.5 Ethanol 50 Perfume 0.5 ~luorescer and colouring matter 0.9 Water 66.1 '~he liquid produc-t can be emp:Loyed ~or washing fabrics, particularl7 woollen garmen-ts by dilution wi-th wa-ter in an amount o~ from 'I part li~uld product to ~00 to 500 parts water.
Exam~le L~
'~his Example illustrates a liquid soap product suitable Lor pe:r30nal washing.
A liquid soap ~ersonal washing product was prepared from -the following ingredients:
5~ `
- 7 - J.731 % w/w Lauric acid 8.5 ~
Yyristic acid ~.0 3 S-tearine 3. ' Monoethanolamine ~.7 Chelating agent 0.1 Ant-i oxidant 0.02 Perfume 1.2 Coconut ~at~y acid d.iethanolamid.e 2 5 Colouring matter i 0.001 Water 77.979 ~ he liquid soap pe:rsonal washing produc-t was prepared by mixing -together the free fatty acids and the mono-ethanolamine to form the corresponding monoethanolamine soap of these fatty acids. ~he remaining ingredients were incorporated by ca-reful mixing to provide the finished product which is suitable for personal washing.
' :~
Claims (7)
OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A single liquid phase aqueous soap composition comprising:
(i) from about 5 to about 30% by weight of soap selected from the group consisting of monoethanolamine soaps, diethanolamine soaps and mixtures thereof; and (ii) from about 0.5 to about 5% by weight of a thickening agent selected from the group consisting of C12 to C18 fatty acids, C12 to C18 fatty acid alkanolamides and mixtures thereof.
(i) from about 5 to about 30% by weight of soap selected from the group consisting of monoethanolamine soaps, diethanolamine soaps and mixtures thereof; and (ii) from about 0.5 to about 5% by weight of a thickening agent selected from the group consisting of C12 to C18 fatty acids, C12 to C18 fatty acid alkanolamides and mixtures thereof.
2. The composition of claim 1, wherein the soap is monoethanolamine soap of C12 to C18 fatty acids.
3. The composition of claim 1, wherein the soap is diethanolamine soap of C12 to C18 fatty acids.
4. The composition of claim 1, wherein the C12 to C18 fatty acids comprise saturated fatty acids.
5. The composition of claim 1, wherein the fatty acid alkanolamide is coconut fatty acid diethanolamide.
6. The composition of claim 1, in the form of a shower gel.
7. A process for preparing the composition claimed in claim 1, which comprises the step of mixing together a soap selected from the group consisting of monoethanolamine soap, a diethanolamine soap and mixtures thereof 9 with a thickening agent selected from the group consisting of C12 to C18 fatty acids, C12 to C18 fatty acid alkanolamides and mixtures thereof.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000374323A CA1154652A (en) | 1981-03-31 | 1981-03-31 | Soap composition |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000374323A CA1154652A (en) | 1981-03-31 | 1981-03-31 | Soap composition |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1154652A true CA1154652A (en) | 1983-10-04 |
Family
ID=4119596
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000374323A Expired CA1154652A (en) | 1981-03-31 | 1981-03-31 | Soap composition |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1154652A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4975218A (en) * | 1988-04-29 | 1990-12-04 | Chesebrough-Ponds's USA Co. | Aqueous soap composition containing ethoxylated nonionic surfactants |
| US5298195A (en) * | 1992-03-09 | 1994-03-29 | Amway Corporation | Liquid dishwashing detergent |
-
1981
- 1981-03-31 CA CA000374323A patent/CA1154652A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4975218A (en) * | 1988-04-29 | 1990-12-04 | Chesebrough-Ponds's USA Co. | Aqueous soap composition containing ethoxylated nonionic surfactants |
| US5298195A (en) * | 1992-03-09 | 1994-03-29 | Amway Corporation | Liquid dishwashing detergent |
| US5443757A (en) * | 1992-03-09 | 1995-08-22 | Amway Corporation | Liquid dishwashing detergent |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |