CA1149549A - Epoxy resin hardening agents - Google Patents
Epoxy resin hardening agentsInfo
- Publication number
- CA1149549A CA1149549A CA000390937A CA390937A CA1149549A CA 1149549 A CA1149549 A CA 1149549A CA 000390937 A CA000390937 A CA 000390937A CA 390937 A CA390937 A CA 390937A CA 1149549 A CA1149549 A CA 1149549A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- epoxy resin
- hardening agents
- hardening
- h6mta
- epoxy
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
- C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
- C08G59/40—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the curing agents used
- C08G59/50—Amines
- C08G59/5026—Amines cycloaliphatic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
- C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
- C08G59/40—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the curing agents used
- C08G59/50—Amines
- C08G59/5033—Amines aromatic
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Epoxy Resins (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
The invention disclosed herein is a method for hardening an epoxy resin which comprises either (a) mixing the epoxy resin with a compound of the formula:
wherein is or or (b) mixing the epoxy resin with a prepolymer obtained by reacting one mole of the diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A with two or more moles of a compound of the formula:
wherein is or .
Epoxy resins hardened with the above compound, or prepolymer, have excellent mechanical properties at high temperatures.
The invention disclosed herein is a method for hardening an epoxy resin which comprises either (a) mixing the epoxy resin with a compound of the formula:
wherein is or or (b) mixing the epoxy resin with a prepolymer obtained by reacting one mole of the diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A with two or more moles of a compound of the formula:
wherein is or .
Epoxy resins hardened with the above compound, or prepolymer, have excellent mechanical properties at high temperatures.
Description
NO~EL EPOXY RESIN HARDENING AGENTS
The present invention relates to novel epoxy resin hardening agents. More particularly, it relates to epoxy resin hardening agents which have rapid cold hardening ability and a high degree of sa~ety and which provide hardened products excellent in heat resistance.
Hitherto, aliphatic polyamines such as diethylene-triamine, triethylenetetramine, xylylenediamine, etc. ha~e been generally used as rapid hardening agents for epoxy resins.
The products hardened with these amines have some heat resistance, but the mechanical properties of such products especially at high temperatures such as 120C or higher are not necessarily satisfactory. Moreover, these amines have problems as to safety of thehUman body because they have relatively high vapor pressures.
Therefore, use of modified amines have been proposed, but these modified amines are liable to further decrease mechanical properties of the hardened products at high temperatures.
Aromatic polyamines such as m-phenylenediamine, diaminodiphenyl methane, diaminodiphenyl sulfone, etc. provide hardened products which have excellent mechanical properties at high temperatures, so that they are industrially widely used, but they have the defect that they cannot harden epoxy resins at normal temperatures.
The present inventors earnestly studied epoxy resin hardening agents and succeeded in finding that 1,3,5-tris-~aminomethyl)benzene (sometimes referred to as "MTA" herein-a~ter) and 1,3,5-tris(aminomethyl)cyclohexane (sometimes referred to a "H6MTA" hereinafter) per se have much lower vapor pressures and so have a high degree of safety, have rapid cold hardening ability~and provide hardened products which have excellent mechanical properties at high temperatures.
The present invention, in one aspect, resides in a method for hardening an epoxy resin which comprises mixing the epoxy resin with a compound of the formula:
:
' - la -C~2N~2 f~
H2NCH2~--CH2NH2 ~herein ~ is ~ ~r ~ ~
In another aspect, the inven.tion resides in a method for hardening an epoxy resin which comprises mixing the epoxy resin with a prepolymer obtained by reacting one mole of the diglycidyl ether of bisphenol ~ wi~h two or more moles of a compound of the formula:
wherein ~ is ~ or ~
In related Canadian Patent Application No. 365,707 of I. Minato et al, filed November 28, 1980, there are disclosed and claimed epoxy resin hardening-agents represented by the general formula '~c~
s~
(wherein ~ represents ~ or ~ ).
The MTA and H6MTA which are the hardening agents of the present invention are novel polyamines obtained by the methods disclosed in Japanese Patent Applications No. 67169/79 and No. 67170/79. That is, MTA can be produced by reducing, in the presence of a catalyst such as Raney nickel, a starting material of 1,3,5-tricyanobenzene obtained 15 by ammoxydation of mesitylene. H6MTA can be produced by further reducing the aromatic ring of the MT~-in the presence of a reducing catalyst. Moreover, H6MTA can also be obtained directly from 1,3,5-tricyanobenzene by reducing cyano groups and the aromatic ring at once.
The thus obtained H6MTA includes both the cis and trans types, the cis type being thermally more stable than the trans type.
Therefore, H6MTA high in proportion of cis type is preferred, and the proportion of the cis type is preferably at least 60 mol.%.
Epoxy resins to which these MTA and H6MTA hardening agents can be applied include polyepoxide compounds having at least an average of one epoxy group per one molecule, ~or instance, various general-purpose-epoxy resins. Examples of these known epoxy resins are those of bisphenol A type, bisphenol F type, hydrogenated bisphenol A and F types, alicyclic type, novolak type, polyoxyalkylene type, polyhydroxybenæene type, methylepichlorohydrin type, glycidylamine type, epoxy resins derived from dimer acid, phthalic acid, tetrahydrophthalic acid or p-oxybenzoic acid and epichlorohydrin, halogen-containing epoxy resins, etc.
,; ... y ... ... , ... ., , , .. ,~.. ..
:.
. . .
- ~ ~
' ~L~ 5~
These MTA and H6MTA hardening agents may be used alone or in admixture and moreover may also be used in com-bination with other known hardening agents. For example, the hardening agents of the present invention may be used in combination with aliphatic or aromatic polyamines and various modified products thereof, polyamides, imidazoles, mercaptans, phenols, various acid anhydrides, BF3 complex compounds, etc.
Furthermore, MTA and H6MTA may be modified with organic acids, epoxy compounds, etc. Moreover, prepolymers having diamines at both terminals may also be used as hardening agents. Such prepolymers can be obtained by modifying MTA or H6MTA with any epoxy resins. For example, one mole of the di~lycidyl ether of bisphenol A is reacted with two or more moles of MTA or H6MTA to obtain a prepolymer.
The hardening agents of the present invention may be added to epoxy resins as they are or may be dissolved in a solvent such as toluene and then added as a solution to epoxy resins. The hardening time may be suitably adjusted according to such way of addition.
If necessary, various additives may also be added.
For example, there may be added inorganic fillers such as metal powder, silica, zinc oxide, titanium oxide, magnesium oxide, calcium oxide, calcium carbonate, aluminum sulfate, talc, clay, alumina white, barium sulfate, calcium sulfate, pumice powder, asbestos, diatomaceous earth, glass fiber, mica, molybdenum disulfide, carbon black, graphite, lithopone, etc., phenolic resins, petroleum resins, phthalic esters, other various pigments, etc.
The triamine hardening agents of the present inven-tion may be used in an amount of 0.1 - 2 times, preferably 0.5 - 1.5 times the number of amine equivalent of the tri-amine divided by epoxy equivalent.
Epoxy resins hardened with the hardening agents of '~`
~h~54~
the present invention exhibit extremely high heat distortiontemperatures. Furthermore, the vapor pressure of the hardening agents per se is, for example, about 1/20 (20C) of m-xylylenediamine which is the ordinarily used hardening agent , so that the hardening agents of the present invention are very useful hardening agents with a high degree of safety.
The epoxy resins hardened with the hardening agents of the present invention may be effectively used as, for example, paints, adhesives, case materials, coating agents, electrical insulating materials, etc.,like the conventional epoxy resins.
Reference Example 1 Preparation of 1,3,5-tricyanobenzene 18.2 parts of vanadium pentoxide was added to 150 parts of a 33% aqueous solution of oxalic acid and the mixture was heated to about 100C on a water bath to dissolve the vanadium pentoxide. The solution was referred to as solution A. A
solution obtained by dissolving 20 parts of chromium oxide ~VI) in 150 parts of a 33% aqueous solution of oxalic acid as mentioned above was referred to as solution B. Solutions A and B were homogeneously mixed.
To this mixed solution was added 300 parts of anatase type titanium oxide powder burned at 800C,and water was evaporated while they were mixed. The thus obtained wet slurry was molded by extruder into a cylindrical shape having a diameter of 4 mm and a length of 5 mm. The resulting molded products were dried at 100C for 15 hours and thereafter burned at 500C for 4 hours in air to obtain a catalyst.
About 200 me f the t`hus obtained catalyst was packed in an ordinary fixed bed reactor and a mixed gas consisting of 0.5 mol.~ of mesitylene, 7 mol.% of ammonia and 92.5 mol.
of air was reacted under normal pressure at a space velocity of 1000 hr 1 ~at normal temperature and pressure) while , ~ :
s~g .
maintaining the temperature of the medium in a bath at 360C to obtain 1,3,5-tricyanobenzene (MTN) in a yield of 51.2 mol.%.
Reference Example 2 Preparation of 1,3,5-tris(aminomethyl) benzene 1000 g of 1,3,5-tricyanobenzene (MTN) was charged in an autoclave having a 20 e capacity together with 400 g of Raney nickel-chromium catalyst (atomic ratio Ni:Cr=49:1), 1800 m~ of methanol, 4.2 e of m-xylene and 32.6 g of sodium hydroxide. Hydrogen was injected thereinto under an initial pressure of 140 kg/cm2G and reaction was effected at 60 -102C to cause absorption of nearly the theoretical amount of hydrogen for 31 minutes. The catalyst was filtered off and the solvent was distilled out. Then, distillation under reduced pressure was effected to obtain 874 g of colorless crystals of 1,3,5-tris(aminomethyl)benzene (MTA). The product had a melting point of 49 - 51C and a boiling point of 136 -139C/0.4 mmHg.
Reference Example 3 Preparation of 1,3,5-tris(aminomethyl~cyclohexane 200 g of 1,3,5-tris(aminomethyl)benzene (MTA) obtained in Reference Example 2 together with 15 g of 5%
ruthenium-alumina catalyst(manufactured by Japan Engelhard Co., Ltd.), 100 g of water and 2 g of sodium hydroxide were charged into a magnetically stirring type autoclave having a 1~ capacity. High pressure hydrogen was injected there-into under an initial pressure of 120 kg/cm2G and reaction was effected at 110 - 135C for 3.5 hours to cause absorption of 3.8 mols of hydrogen.
The catalyst was filtered off and the solvent was distilled out. Thereafter, distillation under reduced pres-sure was carried out to obtain 164 g of 1,3,5-tris(aminomethyl)-cyclohexane (H6MTA), about 85 mol.% of which was cis typeOThis H6MTA was a colorless and transparent liquid of low vis-cosity which had a boiling point of 127 - 128C/l mm~g.
.
.
Example 1 Each of 100 g of bisphenol A type epoxy resin (Trade mark 'Epikote 828)"having an epoxy equivalent of 188.7 and 87.5 g of MTA was heated to 60C and they were quickly mixed. To this mixture was further added 500 9 of a bisphenol A type epQxy resin which was at ro~m tempe~ature and they were inti-mately mixed. Thereafter, the mixture was deaerated under reduced pressure of 10 mmHg, then subjected to procedures necessary for ordinary casting and poured into a mold. After about 21 minutes, heat was abruptly generated and a slighly yellow transparent cast plate was obtained. Properties of the thus obtained cast plate are shown in Table 1.
Example 2 To 600 g of the same epoxy resin as used in Example 1 was added gO.8 g of H6MTA and they were homogeneously mixed.
Then, the mixture was cast in accordance with usual procedures.
In about 25 minutes after casting, heat generation occurred and a colorless and transparent cas~ plate was obtained.
Properties of the thus obtained cast plate are shown in Table 1.
Comparative Example 1 600 g of the same epoxy resin as used in Example 1 was mixed with 108.2 g of xylylenediamine (XDA) and the mix-ture was cast in the same manner as in Example 2. After about 75 minutes, the mixture was hardened with generation of heat to obtain a slightly yellow cast plate.
Comparative Example 2 Casting was effected in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 except that XDA was substituted by 113.0 g of bis(aminomethyl)cyclohexane (H6XDA). After about 83 minutes, the mixture was hardened with generation of heat to obtain a colorless and transparent cast plate.
, :
:
~95~
.o ~ _ . _ ~ I o h 0 0 ~1 1-- ~1 ~ 1-- (~ ~ ~1 L~ ~ 0 ~ 1: 0 S~ ~r 'r ~ ~ 9 00 ~ r~ ~J f') Q 1~
~ ~ r~ i ~1 ~1 ~ l S ~ S~
O ~ _ _ ~
O (~0 ~; ~
U~ ~1 ~ I I ~1 1 1$~~ ~ 3 C.) 3 t~ ~ ~ ~ 00 0 S 0 00 ~: ~ ~ o ~ ~ o ~ ~ ~ ~ a) ~ ~ ~
~ a~ 3 u~ 3 ~ U~ u~
~o o~0 Or~530 a~ ~ ~ ~ 5~
E~ '~S ~ _ O
Q) ~ ~ ~1 1 O .. .. .. ..
o I ~r X
.. ~q ~0 ~ ~ ~ ~ O
,~ ~+~ ~ ~+ ~
~o ~ ~ ~ ~ o~ o a) ~,~
Q~ ~ ~ ~
X X ~ X pil Example 3 Preparation of prepolymer To 10 g of'lEpikote 828"(having an epoxy equivalent of 187.6) was added 14.7 g of 1,3,5-tris(aminomethyl)benzene (MTA) and they were reacted at 70C Eor 3 hours to obtain a prepolymer which had a viscosity of 17,000 poises at 25C.
The yellowish cast plate was obtained by mixing 50 g of"Epikote 828"with 13.7 g of the prepolymer.
* Trademark . . .
.
The present invention relates to novel epoxy resin hardening agents. More particularly, it relates to epoxy resin hardening agents which have rapid cold hardening ability and a high degree of sa~ety and which provide hardened products excellent in heat resistance.
Hitherto, aliphatic polyamines such as diethylene-triamine, triethylenetetramine, xylylenediamine, etc. ha~e been generally used as rapid hardening agents for epoxy resins.
The products hardened with these amines have some heat resistance, but the mechanical properties of such products especially at high temperatures such as 120C or higher are not necessarily satisfactory. Moreover, these amines have problems as to safety of thehUman body because they have relatively high vapor pressures.
Therefore, use of modified amines have been proposed, but these modified amines are liable to further decrease mechanical properties of the hardened products at high temperatures.
Aromatic polyamines such as m-phenylenediamine, diaminodiphenyl methane, diaminodiphenyl sulfone, etc. provide hardened products which have excellent mechanical properties at high temperatures, so that they are industrially widely used, but they have the defect that they cannot harden epoxy resins at normal temperatures.
The present inventors earnestly studied epoxy resin hardening agents and succeeded in finding that 1,3,5-tris-~aminomethyl)benzene (sometimes referred to as "MTA" herein-a~ter) and 1,3,5-tris(aminomethyl)cyclohexane (sometimes referred to a "H6MTA" hereinafter) per se have much lower vapor pressures and so have a high degree of safety, have rapid cold hardening ability~and provide hardened products which have excellent mechanical properties at high temperatures.
The present invention, in one aspect, resides in a method for hardening an epoxy resin which comprises mixing the epoxy resin with a compound of the formula:
:
' - la -C~2N~2 f~
H2NCH2~--CH2NH2 ~herein ~ is ~ ~r ~ ~
In another aspect, the inven.tion resides in a method for hardening an epoxy resin which comprises mixing the epoxy resin with a prepolymer obtained by reacting one mole of the diglycidyl ether of bisphenol ~ wi~h two or more moles of a compound of the formula:
wherein ~ is ~ or ~
In related Canadian Patent Application No. 365,707 of I. Minato et al, filed November 28, 1980, there are disclosed and claimed epoxy resin hardening-agents represented by the general formula '~c~
s~
(wherein ~ represents ~ or ~ ).
The MTA and H6MTA which are the hardening agents of the present invention are novel polyamines obtained by the methods disclosed in Japanese Patent Applications No. 67169/79 and No. 67170/79. That is, MTA can be produced by reducing, in the presence of a catalyst such as Raney nickel, a starting material of 1,3,5-tricyanobenzene obtained 15 by ammoxydation of mesitylene. H6MTA can be produced by further reducing the aromatic ring of the MT~-in the presence of a reducing catalyst. Moreover, H6MTA can also be obtained directly from 1,3,5-tricyanobenzene by reducing cyano groups and the aromatic ring at once.
The thus obtained H6MTA includes both the cis and trans types, the cis type being thermally more stable than the trans type.
Therefore, H6MTA high in proportion of cis type is preferred, and the proportion of the cis type is preferably at least 60 mol.%.
Epoxy resins to which these MTA and H6MTA hardening agents can be applied include polyepoxide compounds having at least an average of one epoxy group per one molecule, ~or instance, various general-purpose-epoxy resins. Examples of these known epoxy resins are those of bisphenol A type, bisphenol F type, hydrogenated bisphenol A and F types, alicyclic type, novolak type, polyoxyalkylene type, polyhydroxybenæene type, methylepichlorohydrin type, glycidylamine type, epoxy resins derived from dimer acid, phthalic acid, tetrahydrophthalic acid or p-oxybenzoic acid and epichlorohydrin, halogen-containing epoxy resins, etc.
,; ... y ... ... , ... ., , , .. ,~.. ..
:.
. . .
- ~ ~
' ~L~ 5~
These MTA and H6MTA hardening agents may be used alone or in admixture and moreover may also be used in com-bination with other known hardening agents. For example, the hardening agents of the present invention may be used in combination with aliphatic or aromatic polyamines and various modified products thereof, polyamides, imidazoles, mercaptans, phenols, various acid anhydrides, BF3 complex compounds, etc.
Furthermore, MTA and H6MTA may be modified with organic acids, epoxy compounds, etc. Moreover, prepolymers having diamines at both terminals may also be used as hardening agents. Such prepolymers can be obtained by modifying MTA or H6MTA with any epoxy resins. For example, one mole of the di~lycidyl ether of bisphenol A is reacted with two or more moles of MTA or H6MTA to obtain a prepolymer.
The hardening agents of the present invention may be added to epoxy resins as they are or may be dissolved in a solvent such as toluene and then added as a solution to epoxy resins. The hardening time may be suitably adjusted according to such way of addition.
If necessary, various additives may also be added.
For example, there may be added inorganic fillers such as metal powder, silica, zinc oxide, titanium oxide, magnesium oxide, calcium oxide, calcium carbonate, aluminum sulfate, talc, clay, alumina white, barium sulfate, calcium sulfate, pumice powder, asbestos, diatomaceous earth, glass fiber, mica, molybdenum disulfide, carbon black, graphite, lithopone, etc., phenolic resins, petroleum resins, phthalic esters, other various pigments, etc.
The triamine hardening agents of the present inven-tion may be used in an amount of 0.1 - 2 times, preferably 0.5 - 1.5 times the number of amine equivalent of the tri-amine divided by epoxy equivalent.
Epoxy resins hardened with the hardening agents of '~`
~h~54~
the present invention exhibit extremely high heat distortiontemperatures. Furthermore, the vapor pressure of the hardening agents per se is, for example, about 1/20 (20C) of m-xylylenediamine which is the ordinarily used hardening agent , so that the hardening agents of the present invention are very useful hardening agents with a high degree of safety.
The epoxy resins hardened with the hardening agents of the present invention may be effectively used as, for example, paints, adhesives, case materials, coating agents, electrical insulating materials, etc.,like the conventional epoxy resins.
Reference Example 1 Preparation of 1,3,5-tricyanobenzene 18.2 parts of vanadium pentoxide was added to 150 parts of a 33% aqueous solution of oxalic acid and the mixture was heated to about 100C on a water bath to dissolve the vanadium pentoxide. The solution was referred to as solution A. A
solution obtained by dissolving 20 parts of chromium oxide ~VI) in 150 parts of a 33% aqueous solution of oxalic acid as mentioned above was referred to as solution B. Solutions A and B were homogeneously mixed.
To this mixed solution was added 300 parts of anatase type titanium oxide powder burned at 800C,and water was evaporated while they were mixed. The thus obtained wet slurry was molded by extruder into a cylindrical shape having a diameter of 4 mm and a length of 5 mm. The resulting molded products were dried at 100C for 15 hours and thereafter burned at 500C for 4 hours in air to obtain a catalyst.
About 200 me f the t`hus obtained catalyst was packed in an ordinary fixed bed reactor and a mixed gas consisting of 0.5 mol.~ of mesitylene, 7 mol.% of ammonia and 92.5 mol.
of air was reacted under normal pressure at a space velocity of 1000 hr 1 ~at normal temperature and pressure) while , ~ :
s~g .
maintaining the temperature of the medium in a bath at 360C to obtain 1,3,5-tricyanobenzene (MTN) in a yield of 51.2 mol.%.
Reference Example 2 Preparation of 1,3,5-tris(aminomethyl) benzene 1000 g of 1,3,5-tricyanobenzene (MTN) was charged in an autoclave having a 20 e capacity together with 400 g of Raney nickel-chromium catalyst (atomic ratio Ni:Cr=49:1), 1800 m~ of methanol, 4.2 e of m-xylene and 32.6 g of sodium hydroxide. Hydrogen was injected thereinto under an initial pressure of 140 kg/cm2G and reaction was effected at 60 -102C to cause absorption of nearly the theoretical amount of hydrogen for 31 minutes. The catalyst was filtered off and the solvent was distilled out. Then, distillation under reduced pressure was effected to obtain 874 g of colorless crystals of 1,3,5-tris(aminomethyl)benzene (MTA). The product had a melting point of 49 - 51C and a boiling point of 136 -139C/0.4 mmHg.
Reference Example 3 Preparation of 1,3,5-tris(aminomethyl~cyclohexane 200 g of 1,3,5-tris(aminomethyl)benzene (MTA) obtained in Reference Example 2 together with 15 g of 5%
ruthenium-alumina catalyst(manufactured by Japan Engelhard Co., Ltd.), 100 g of water and 2 g of sodium hydroxide were charged into a magnetically stirring type autoclave having a 1~ capacity. High pressure hydrogen was injected there-into under an initial pressure of 120 kg/cm2G and reaction was effected at 110 - 135C for 3.5 hours to cause absorption of 3.8 mols of hydrogen.
The catalyst was filtered off and the solvent was distilled out. Thereafter, distillation under reduced pres-sure was carried out to obtain 164 g of 1,3,5-tris(aminomethyl)-cyclohexane (H6MTA), about 85 mol.% of which was cis typeOThis H6MTA was a colorless and transparent liquid of low vis-cosity which had a boiling point of 127 - 128C/l mm~g.
.
.
Example 1 Each of 100 g of bisphenol A type epoxy resin (Trade mark 'Epikote 828)"having an epoxy equivalent of 188.7 and 87.5 g of MTA was heated to 60C and they were quickly mixed. To this mixture was further added 500 9 of a bisphenol A type epQxy resin which was at ro~m tempe~ature and they were inti-mately mixed. Thereafter, the mixture was deaerated under reduced pressure of 10 mmHg, then subjected to procedures necessary for ordinary casting and poured into a mold. After about 21 minutes, heat was abruptly generated and a slighly yellow transparent cast plate was obtained. Properties of the thus obtained cast plate are shown in Table 1.
Example 2 To 600 g of the same epoxy resin as used in Example 1 was added gO.8 g of H6MTA and they were homogeneously mixed.
Then, the mixture was cast in accordance with usual procedures.
In about 25 minutes after casting, heat generation occurred and a colorless and transparent cas~ plate was obtained.
Properties of the thus obtained cast plate are shown in Table 1.
Comparative Example 1 600 g of the same epoxy resin as used in Example 1 was mixed with 108.2 g of xylylenediamine (XDA) and the mix-ture was cast in the same manner as in Example 2. After about 75 minutes, the mixture was hardened with generation of heat to obtain a slightly yellow cast plate.
Comparative Example 2 Casting was effected in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 except that XDA was substituted by 113.0 g of bis(aminomethyl)cyclohexane (H6XDA). After about 83 minutes, the mixture was hardened with generation of heat to obtain a colorless and transparent cast plate.
, :
:
~95~
.o ~ _ . _ ~ I o h 0 0 ~1 1-- ~1 ~ 1-- (~ ~ ~1 L~ ~ 0 ~ 1: 0 S~ ~r 'r ~ ~ 9 00 ~ r~ ~J f') Q 1~
~ ~ r~ i ~1 ~1 ~ l S ~ S~
O ~ _ _ ~
O (~0 ~; ~
U~ ~1 ~ I I ~1 1 1$~~ ~ 3 C.) 3 t~ ~ ~ ~ 00 0 S 0 00 ~: ~ ~ o ~ ~ o ~ ~ ~ ~ a) ~ ~ ~
~ a~ 3 u~ 3 ~ U~ u~
~o o~0 Or~530 a~ ~ ~ ~ 5~
E~ '~S ~ _ O
Q) ~ ~ ~1 1 O .. .. .. ..
o I ~r X
.. ~q ~0 ~ ~ ~ ~ O
,~ ~+~ ~ ~+ ~
~o ~ ~ ~ ~ o~ o a) ~,~
Q~ ~ ~ ~
X X ~ X pil Example 3 Preparation of prepolymer To 10 g of'lEpikote 828"(having an epoxy equivalent of 187.6) was added 14.7 g of 1,3,5-tris(aminomethyl)benzene (MTA) and they were reacted at 70C Eor 3 hours to obtain a prepolymer which had a viscosity of 17,000 poises at 25C.
The yellowish cast plate was obtained by mixing 50 g of"Epikote 828"with 13.7 g of the prepolymer.
* Trademark . . .
.
Claims (2)
1. A method for hardening an epoxy resin which comprises mixing the epoxy resin with a compound of the formula:
wherein is or
wherein is or
2. A method for hardening an epoxy resin which comprises mixing the epoxy resin with a prepolymer obtained by reacting one mole of the diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A with two or more moles of a compound of the formula:
wherein is or ,
wherein is or ,
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP168372/80 | 1980-11-28 | ||
| JP55168372A JPS5792018A (en) | 1980-11-28 | 1980-11-28 | Novel epoxy resin curing agent |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1149549A true CA1149549A (en) | 1983-07-05 |
Family
ID=15866865
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000390937A Expired CA1149549A (en) | 1980-11-28 | 1981-11-25 | Epoxy resin hardening agents |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4461878A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0053366B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS5792018A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR830007746A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1149549A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3175851D1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2088367B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4808441A (en) * | 1987-05-15 | 1989-02-28 | Ford Motor Company | Metal articles having corrosion-resistant epoxy coatings |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1255246A (en) * | 1959-04-29 | 1961-03-03 | Shell Int Research | Polyamine and epoxy adducts and their use as curing agents for polyepoxides |
| US3327016A (en) * | 1964-07-09 | 1967-06-20 | Epoxylite Corp | Epoxide compositions cured with 1, 4-bis (aminomethyl) cyclohexane |
| DE1236195B (en) * | 1965-05-14 | 1967-03-09 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | Process for the production of molded articles or coatings based on polyadducts |
| DE2124961A1 (en) * | 1971-05-19 | 1972-12-07 | Ruetgerswerke Ag | Epoxy resin closed-cell foam - having a homogeneous structure and outstanding workability |
| DE2838755A1 (en) * | 1978-09-06 | 1980-03-27 | Bayer Ag | AMINOMETHYL-CYCLODODECANE, A METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF AND THEIR USE AS AN ANTI-CORROSIVE AGENT |
| EP0019893B1 (en) * | 1979-05-29 | 1983-05-11 | Takeda Chemical Industries, Ltd. | Novel triamines and method for production thereof |
| JPS5791966A (en) * | 1980-11-28 | 1982-06-08 | Takeda Chem Ind Ltd | Novel triamine derivative |
-
1980
- 1980-11-28 JP JP55168372A patent/JPS5792018A/en active Granted
-
1981
- 1981-11-16 GB GB8134438A patent/GB2088367B/en not_active Expired
- 1981-11-25 CA CA000390937A patent/CA1149549A/en not_active Expired
- 1981-11-26 DE DE8181109936T patent/DE3175851D1/en not_active Expired
- 1981-11-26 EP EP81109936A patent/EP0053366B1/en not_active Expired
- 1981-11-28 KR KR1019810004620A patent/KR830007746A/en unknown
-
1983
- 1983-10-28 US US06/546,522 patent/US4461878A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5792018A (en) | 1982-06-08 |
| GB2088367B (en) | 1985-01-16 |
| EP0053366A1 (en) | 1982-06-09 |
| EP0053366B1 (en) | 1987-01-21 |
| KR830007746A (en) | 1983-11-07 |
| JPS6325605B2 (en) | 1988-05-26 |
| US4461878A (en) | 1984-07-24 |
| GB2088367A (en) | 1982-06-09 |
| DE3175851D1 (en) | 1987-02-26 |
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| MKEX | Expiry |