CA1143032A - Ultraviolet light control - Google Patents
Ultraviolet light controlInfo
- Publication number
- CA1143032A CA1143032A CA000338672A CA338672A CA1143032A CA 1143032 A CA1143032 A CA 1143032A CA 000338672 A CA000338672 A CA 000338672A CA 338672 A CA338672 A CA 338672A CA 1143032 A CA1143032 A CA 1143032A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- subject
- lamps
- ultraviolet light
- signal
- per unit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
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- AYFVYJQAPQTCCC-GBXIJSLDSA-N L-threonine Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)[C@H](N)C(O)=O AYFVYJQAPQTCCC-GBXIJSLDSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- XLNZEKHULJKQBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N terbufos Chemical compound CCOP(=S)(OCC)SCSC(C)(C)C XLNZEKHULJKQBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001408699 Artia Species 0.000 description 1
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- JCYZMTMYPZHVBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Melarsoprol Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(NC=2C=CC(=CC=2)[As]2SC(CO)CS2)=N1 JCYZMTMYPZHVBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QXKHYNVANLEOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methoxsalen Chemical compound C1=CC(=O)OC2=C1C=C1C=COC1=C2OC QXKHYNVANLEOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000003251 Pruritus Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 201000004681 Psoriasis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- PCWZKQSKUXXDDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Xanthotoxin Natural products COCc1c2OC(=O)C=Cc2cc3ccoc13 PCWZKQSKUXXDDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229960004469 methoxsalen Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- ZCCUUQDIBDJBTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N psoralen Chemical class C1=C2OC(=O)C=CC2=CC2=C1OC=C2 ZCCUUQDIBDJBTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- FMHHVULEAZTJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N trioxsalen Chemical compound CC1=CC(=O)OC2=C1C=C1C=C(C)OC1=C2C FMHHVULEAZTJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000850 trioxysalen Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- SYOKIDBDQMKNDQ-XWTIBIIYSA-N vildagliptin Chemical compound C1C(O)(C2)CC(C3)CC1CC32NCC(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C#N SYOKIDBDQMKNDQ-XWTIBIIYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J1/00—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
- G01J1/42—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter using electric radiation detectors
- G01J1/429—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter using electric radiation detectors applied to measurement of ultraviolet light
Abstract
APPLICATION FOR LETTERS PATENT
FOR
ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT CONTROL
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A system designed for more safely administering natural or induced light radiation to the skin of a subject, and having a control system adapted to monitor the instantaneous intensity of the ultraviolet light received by a subject being treated, wherein the instantaneous intensity is integrated and converted to a digital pulse output. The pulse rate is proportional to the instantaneous intensity. The pulses are counted to accumulate the total ultra-violet energy per unit area received by the subject. The apparatus is so controlled that when the total energy received by the subject reaches a predetermined preset value, the subject or doctor is alerted or notified either audibly or visually, e.g., when an ultraviolet lamp source is employed the lamp or lamps may automatically be turned off. In an improved embodiment a minute timer is provided in the circuit and means provided to turn off lamps after a predetermined period of time has elapsed as a safety precaution in case of failure of the ultraviolet light sensor and integration system. Additional safety features are provided to turn off lamps if fault occurs or when the ultraviolet sensor is accidentally obscured by the hand of the subject. In further improved embodiments, means is provided for turning the lamps on momentarily for measuring the intensity of the ultraviolet light acting on the photoelectric cell prior to treatment, or for preventing identical dosages from being given inadvertently to successive patients.
FOR
ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT CONTROL
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A system designed for more safely administering natural or induced light radiation to the skin of a subject, and having a control system adapted to monitor the instantaneous intensity of the ultraviolet light received by a subject being treated, wherein the instantaneous intensity is integrated and converted to a digital pulse output. The pulse rate is proportional to the instantaneous intensity. The pulses are counted to accumulate the total ultra-violet energy per unit area received by the subject. The apparatus is so controlled that when the total energy received by the subject reaches a predetermined preset value, the subject or doctor is alerted or notified either audibly or visually, e.g., when an ultraviolet lamp source is employed the lamp or lamps may automatically be turned off. In an improved embodiment a minute timer is provided in the circuit and means provided to turn off lamps after a predetermined period of time has elapsed as a safety precaution in case of failure of the ultraviolet light sensor and integration system. Additional safety features are provided to turn off lamps if fault occurs or when the ultraviolet sensor is accidentally obscured by the hand of the subject. In further improved embodiments, means is provided for turning the lamps on momentarily for measuring the intensity of the ultraviolet light acting on the photoelectric cell prior to treatment, or for preventing identical dosages from being given inadvertently to successive patients.
Description
~ I ' T ' 3~3~
F~ c)r---INv~--r~rrI~ N~ Rlo~r~ ~}~
The present invention rela-tes to devifes for providing ultrav;olet lic~ht for treating a subject, and is more partic-ularly concerned with a device for monitorlnc3 -the actual amount of ultrav-iole-t energv applied to the subject an~l auto-matically turning o~f the ultraviolet lamps when a predetermined amount of energy has been applied.
Ultraviolet light therapy has long heen used both for applying a tan to the skin of a subject and for trea-ting the skin of the subject for certain diseases for which ultraviolet light has therapeutic value. To control the amount of total ultraviolet light energy received by the subject, it has been conventional to use a timer which, after a predetermined period, either provides an alarm or turns off the lamps, or both.
More recently it has been found that the physiological eEfect of ultraviolet light may be greatly sensitized or accelerated by administering certain drugs to the suhject prior to exposure to ultraviolet light, either topically or internally.
This permits a certain degree of physiological -treatment to be accomplished in a far shorter time than when ultraviolet light is applied in the absence of such drugs. Among these drugs are those originally developed for treating psoriasis.
Representative drugs are certain psoralen derivatives, e.g., Methoxsalen and Trioxsalen, marke-ted by Thomas C. Elder, Inc.
When this method of providing ultraviolet radiation is utilized, it is extremely important that the amount of radiation energy received by the patient be carefully controlled within certain limits to prevent overexposure and its attendant injury.
The use of timers alone may not pro~Tide the necessary precision, I'i'' ' '' 3~32 since the int-ellsity o-f the li(r}lt T~rod~ c~ hy-t'~ ultr~ -iolet lamps may vary ~i-th -the a~e of t}`lC' laml)s an~ ith c~lan{J~s in the voltage of the electrical ma;n.
JECTS OF THE INVENTION
It is accordingly an objec-t of the invention to provide apparatus haviny an ultraviolet light sensor which auto~atically measures the instantaneous intensity of -the ultraviole-t light reaching the patient.
It is additionally an object of the invention to pro-vide for the continual measurement of the total amount of ultraviolet light energy received by a unit area of the s~in of the patient, and to notify the subject, e.g., by turning the ultraviolet lamps off automatically, or otherwise, after a predetermined amount of radiation energy has been received.
It is an additional object of the invention to provide a secondary means for turning off the u]traviolet lamps as a safety measure in case of malfunction of the electronic portion of the apparatus which measures the tota] amount of energy received.
It is still an additional object of the inven-tion to provide safety devices to prevent injury to the patent in the event of a malfunction of the apparatus or in case of the accidental obscuring of the ultraviolet light sensing device used to measure intensity.
It is an additional object to provide means for measuring the intensity of the ultraviolet light prior to treatment.
These and other objects, advantages and functions of the invention will be apparent upon reference to the specification and to the attached drawings illus-tratin~ the 3;2 preferre~ embodimen~s ~)f the inventiorl, in ~/hich like n~lrti are identi~ied by l~ e re~e~rellce symbols in eclch oF the vie~s.
BRIEF DESCI~IPT10~ OF 'I'~IE INV~ TION
_ _ _ AccordincJ to the inven.ion, an ultraviole-t rcldLat.~n apparatus is provided having an uL-traviolet li~ht sensor which is mounted on the subject, in -the light unit, or a~-jacent to the subject. The sensor provides an electrical eurrent signal proportional to -the intensity oE the ultraviole-t light impinging upon its detecting element, which current is amplified and transformed into digital pulses by the integrator.
The pulse frequeney is proportional to the intensity of the original current. The pulses are eounted to represent the total radiation received during a given period of time.
When the total radiation energy reaches a certain predetermined value, the subject is notified, e.g., by apparatus which automatically turns off the ultraviolet lamps. An additional timing circuit is used as a safety device and pre-set Eor a certain period. Whichever eontrol reaches the predetermined value turns off the lamps. Additionally, means is provided for turning on the lamps and measuring their intensity prior to treatment.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematie block diagram of the a~paratus.
FIG. 2 is a schematic electrical diagram showing the photoelectrie cell, integrator, and associated circuitry.
FIG. 3 is a schema-tic electrical diagram of a time base clock and associated circui-try FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a minu-te control and associated circuitry.
)32 FIG. 5 is a schelrl~ltic e:l eCt.r':iCd~ di.aqrclrn of a j~,u!e control and associated disp~ c~ cuitry, cln-l FIG. 6 is a schematic electrical diaqram of -the inter-face logic ci.rcuit.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF TEIE INVENTIO~
Referring to FIG. 1, a block diagram of the present invention is shown and comprises a pho-tovoltaic sensor 10 having a suitable filter to permit only ultraviolet light energy, and particularly ultraviolet A energy hav.ing a wave length of from 320 to 400 nanometers. The filtered light produces a current in the sensor which goes to an operational amplifier 11 for proper conditioning. From -the amplifier 11 the output goes to an integrato.r 12. A light output meter 13 is provided for testing. The signal also goes to an error sensing assembly 1.4 The light output meter 13, when properly calibrated, gives a reading in terms of milliwatts per sq. centimeter.
This information is used together with a chart and permits the setting of an independent timer to give the desired e~-posure as a safety :Eactor. The error sensing modul.e 14 indicates a fault in the function of the apparatus and,when necessary, turns off the lamps either when the sensor has lost output or when the patient has accidentally caused the lights to be blocked to the sensor. An open or defec-tive sensor also is sensed as an error and causes the output from the lamps to be removed. The integrator 12 receives the information which represents -the amount o:F light received by the sensor and converts it to a pulse tra;n. rrhe output of the integrator 12 is fed to a joule contro~L 150 In the joule control 15/information :is orogrammed as to the ma~im-lm 3~32 desired joules,~c~ o be a,)~ d to t~rle su~)ject, ~ mo.lr~s of t~l~ tl~ nb wll~e~ ch~s l6. ~[~}1~ ~:r~ in:lrorr~llt . 0}1 se-t by the thumb whee'Ls ]6 i~ continually comr~ared ~,7i i h the accumulated si~nal from the sensor ]Ø r1herl the two quantities becorle equal, a signal is pro-~ided to -the relays to turn the lam~s ofE.
A digital display 17 also receives its in:Eorrnation from the joule control when the set bu-tton 18 :is depressed. The amoun-t set by the thumb wheel is displayed on the joule digital display 17.
As the energy is accumula-ted and the ou-tput is received from the integrator 12, the digital display will gradually be reduced from its original setting and the energy to thr-~lamps will be removed when the digital display has di,minished to a value of zero.
The functions set out in the lower ~art of FI~. 1 illus-trate that an input to a time control 19 is provided by a time base 20. When the operator pushes a "set" button 21, the amoun-t of time se-t into the thurnb ~^7heel con-trol 22 is displayed on a diqital display in terms of minu-tes.
- When the treatmen-t is initia-ted by pushing the "run"
button 24, the signal from -the time base is -Eed to the minu-te control 19 and the digital display 23 diminishes in value. When -this dis~lay reaches a value of ~ero, an in-ter-face logic circuit 2S removes the signa:L to the lamp relav, thereby -turning off the ultraviole-t lam~;s 27. The system is - so arranged that ~lhen either the joule coll-trol or -the minute control reach the pre-set condition,that control. assumes the command position and -turns off the lamps~ rrhe circui~ry of the joule cont:roi 15, -the tlrrle cont:rol 19 arl~ the in~ormatio 3~3Z
on the tim-~ chart Erom wllicll L}le rninute con;_r~()] L') i~ set, are so orcJa~ e~l that the jc)~lle cc>rltrol will be the r~re--dominate controJ, and -the time cont~ol ~ss~lmes a sub-idiary position as a s~fety device.
The sensor 10 is a specia] photovolt:aic ~ho-toc~cll ~hich is a self-generating photocell. ~lowever, other types of photocells may be utilized. The photocell 10 is incor~?orated into an aluminum housinc3 (not shownj which provides it with a considerable amount of protection iIl the normal handling anticipated. The assembly is providecl with a band or other attachment means 50 that it can be mounted on -the body oE the patient as desired by the physiciar.
When properly positioned the sensor is arranged so that it receives light output from the lamps through an included angle of approximately 90 to 180 degrees, and there-ore is ; exposed to substantially the same amount of exposure as the surrounding body surface. Under normal conditions of treat-m~nt ojE the entire body, the sensor is generally placed in the region of the body trunk. This reyion is in c:loser proximity to the ultraviolet radiation and thereEore receives larger amounts of radiation than the remainder of the body.
It has been found that the amount of radiation from -the lamps varies as the position along the length of the lamp varies. The energy output diminishes as -the encls of the lamps are approached. Th2 present sensor systern measures actual radiation applied during treatment rather than clepending on a reading taken prior to the treatmeIIt to the patient. The present me-thod of monitoring by Means oc a se1-lsor is par-ticu-larly desirable when a ~artia:l treatme~-t is to be ma-~e to a patient.
1'~,1'- ', ~43~3Z
Pric>r ~o -treatme~ , a val~n~ for the desircd joil:le treatment :is set by rleans ~E t~ thulnb whee:l ';wi.tch(`S 1~
and, additionally, a value for the tim~ oF the dosc~g~- is set into the thumb wheel switches 22. The set bu-tton 18 for the desired joule setting is -then depressecl by the operator. The amount of joules desired then appears on the digital display 17. The operator then depresses the set switch 21 for the minute control. ~'he digital display 23 then shows the amount of time set in :~or the treatment. The run button 24 is then depressed to begin the -treatment. The run button will not turn on the lamps 27 until both -the joule set and the minute set have been established. Once the treatment has begun by pushing the run button, the two set switches 18 and 21, as well as the thumb wheel switches 16 and 22, are disabled and any readjustment of these switches will not affect the treatment which is being ad-ministered. The only control which is active during treatment is the stop button, which may be used at any time to stop treatment. Treatment may again be adminis-tered by pressing the run button.
During treatment, iE the patient inadvertently blocks the sensor 10 with an arm or a hand, this condition is sensed in the control circuitry and causes the lamps to be turned off. A small pilot lamp may be provided which lights up on the control panel to indicate to the operator -that -the fault is due to a lack of sensor output. This detector also pro-tects against problems with a sensor which has an open lead or is otherwise defective. Following -the correc-ting of -the defective condition, the sys-tem can again b~ started by --7~
!'''1:,'-`, 3C1 3z p~lshill~ th~ n ~l~tL~
The sen~sor ln,'~hitl serlses, the amo~llLt oF ~ner~y ,-ecei-ed, has additional features -to l~revent misns~ If for an~ re~ior the sensor should become disconrlected or de~:ective durincJ a treatment, the treatment will be inter-rupted afte. a period of five seconds in this condi-tion. ~hen this tvr,e of shutdown occurs, the sensor error lamp 14 lights up, indicating that either there is a fault in the circuit or the lamp ou-tput has fallen below six milliwatts per sq. centl-meter on the sensor for a period of five seconds. A similar shutdown of the system will occur if the patient accidentally coversthe sensor which receives the light energy for measure-ment. A relaxation or exercise movement of the arm past the front oE the sensor will not cause shutdown of -the system.
Operation will continue. A shutdown of the systern due to sensor error will cause the system to remain shut down until the error is corrected and -the run button depressed. If the shutdown has occurred as the result of the patient's covering of the sensor, the attendant informs -the patient of the condition and merely once again depresses the run button 2 to continue treatment.
Digital sensor 10 is chosen as a self-generating type of sensor, and -therefore cannot be detrimental to the patien-t in any way~ Should any wear cause an open wire or bad connection, the amoun-t of elec-trical energ~ to which the patient may be exposed would not be in excess of t~o vGl-ts vc.
: FIGS. 2 thrcugh 6 are schematic electrical drawin~s of the various portions of the appa-~atus according to ~e present invention shown in bloc}c diagram in FI~ 1 The componen-ts shown are al1 conventional off-the-she]E conlponents which ., ' l~r,~ ~ , 3~332 cl.re ~rl~wn to tll~s~ ~]ii:Ll.c?~ ctr~
purchased from ele~ctroll:ic s~ ply conce.rl~s. Irl SOrrle` case~;
where the compollents such ~s fl.ip-Elop oscil:La-r,ors or monostable multi-vi~rators are shown inc',ivi-1ually, they may be utilized as a matter of conven:ience as r>ortions oE a large multi-unit integrated circui-t. The ~ree leads shown in the drawings have been given numerals and are to be connected with the like-numbered free leads of the o-ther figures. Additionally, where applicable, the terminal connections to the various integrated circuits have been indicated in the drawings.
Referring to FIG. 2, the ultraviolet light sensing and processing portion of the apparatus is shown comprising a sensor assembly module 35 having mounted in a housinq a sensor photoelectric cell 36, and an ultraviolet light-passing filter and diffuser 37. The output signal goes to a resistor array comprising resistors 38, 39, 40, and 41. The signal then goes to an operation amplifier 42, potentiometers 43, 44, and 45, diodes 46 and 47, resistors 48, 49, 50, 51, and 52, a potentiometer 54, a filter condenser 55, .~nd a micro-ammeter 56. The signal from the amplifier 42 goes to a comparator amplifier 57. The signal from the diodes 46 and 47 goes to a portion of a dual one shot and a NOR gate 59 which :is a portion of a quad NOR gate. The circuit addition-ally includes a five second flip-:Elop integrated circui-t and timing condenser 61 and fil-ter condenser 62. The lead from the potentiometer 54 goes to an ana]og--to-di.gi-tal con-verter 63 which converts the analog current signal to a di~ital current signal. ~ddi-tional circ~itry comprises a transistor 64 and resistor 55, and res:istor 67 termi.nating 3'~
in a lcad 66. ~ llrtllel- ~rec lead 27~ i connec-tecl t-> "-,-~resistor 53 ancl corlclenser 6 ~ e~errincJ to }'~ 3, a pow*r supply and -time bas~
clock is shown compris:ing a transt-orme-~ 70 having secorldarv windings 71, 72, and 73. A varis~or 74 contro]s the voltage of the winding 73. A bank of diodes 75 arranged as a bridge rectifier is connected to the windings 71 and 72 and its output is connected -to filter condensers 76, 77, 78, and 79. Additional filtering is supplied by condensers ~0 and 81. A voltage regulator 82 con-trols the voltage across one branch of the circuit. An additional Eilter and control bank comprises condensers 80 and 81 and zener diode 83. Pickoff circuitry for the time base circuit is provided by resistors 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, diodes 89 and 90, along with ripple counter 92, NAND gate 93, and one-shot 97, which acts as a pulse divider network. Associated components include resistors 99 and 94, ana timing condensers 95 and 98. Invertor 91 is also a part of this circuit. A free lead 100 is connected to the ou-tput of the integra-ted circuit 97.
Referring to FIG. 4, the timing portion of the circui-t for establishing minute control is shown and comprises a digital readout assembly 107 which is set by a thumb wheel switch array 108 connec-ted through a series of diodes 109, bypass condensers 110, 111, 112, and 113, and to a minute coun-ter integra-ted circui-t 114. The integrated circuitt 114 is additionally connected throuc~h resistors 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 120, and 121, -to a bank oE transisc,ors 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, and 128, -through a series of resistors 129, 130, 131, 132, ]33, 134, and 135 to a dig;tal reac`~ollt assembly 136~ The digit-al readc~ut 1,6 is also conneci~cl to -In-3~32 tlle inte~Jrat~d circ--it~ thr~ rt~sixtoL, l37 an~ :13~, and transist:orsl39 and 140. I:.eads l.4l, l~ L~3, an~1 la connect the intc~grated circuit 11~1 to c:ircuits S}lO~,~n in other fi.g.ures having similar lead numbers. Conclensc-~r l.l5 is a timinc3 condenser to set the scan rat:c-~ for the multi-plexing circuits in-ternal to integrated circuit ll.4.
Referring to FIG. 5, the apparatus for counting the total integrated energy oE the ultravio1.et light stri}cing the sensor in terms of joules/crn2 of enerc3y comprises a joule control counter integrated circuit 150 havincJ leads 149, 151, 152, and 153 connected to similarly numbered leads in other figures. The integrated circuit 150 is bypassed by bypass condense~ 155, 156, L57, and 158. The bypass leads are connected through a plurality of diodes 159 through a bank of thumb wheel switches 160 to a digi-tal readout 161.
Other termina.ls of the integrated circuit 150 are connected through resistors 162, 163, 164, 165, 166, 1~7, and 168 to a bank of transistors 169, 170, 171, 172, 173, 174, and 175, which are in turn connected to a plurality of resistors 176, 177, 178, 179, 180, 181, and 182 -to ano-ther diyital readout 183. The digital readout is also connected by means of transistors 184, 185, 186, 187, 188, and 189 and resistors 191, 192, 193, 194 and 195 to terminals of the in-tegrated circuit 150. A lead 196 is also connected to the in-tegrated circuit 150 as is a lead 198. ~ resistor 197 connects the digital readout 183 wi-th the transis-tor 18A.
Re.erring to FIG. 6, the control porti.on of the circ~lit : is illustrated compri.sing a push button s~.~itch 201 for settinq the value of totaL energy in joules desirecl to be al~plied to 3~ the patient before the ultra~iol.e-t Lamps are lurne~cl of~
~ 3 3~3Z
.
push button switch 202 initiates an independen-t -timincJ function to time the exposure and to turn off the lamps aftcr a pre-;` set time has ela~sed. A push button switch 203 turns on the ~; lamp and starts the timer and joule counter function to run.
A push button 204 is designed to turn off the lamps and stop other functions. A six-part integrated circuit provides contact debounce and comprises units 205j 206, 207, and 208, which are connected to 2 millisecond monostable multivibrator i (one shotj integrated circuits 214 and 215, a 1 second one ~10 shot integrated circult 216, and a 3 second one shot integrated a~ circuit 217, integrated circuits having timing cPnde~sers 218, 219, 220 and 221. Resistors 277, 278, 279 and 280 establish, along with cooperating timing condensers 218-221, the millisecond delays of~the monostable multivibrators.
Further connected in the circuit are a pair of sections 222 ~ and 223 of~a four-part latching integrated circuit, and a i~` latching circuit 224.~ Additionally~in the circuit are OR
~- ~ gates225 and 226 which are portions of a triple gate integrated circuit, and gates 227, 228, and 229 which are portions of ~20 a HEX~inverter integrated circuit. A lamp test switch 230 is connected to contact debounce integrated circuit 231, .,.~ ,.~
which is in turn connected~to one-half of a one-shot dual gate 234, which functions as a 15 second timer. Associated with the iniegrated circuit 234 is a resistor 236 and a timing condenser 237. ;Connected to the integrated circuit 234 is an AND gate 235 and through diodes 238 and 239 is an AND gate 240 which is one of a four-input dual AND gate integrated circuit.
A relay circuit comprises resistors 241 and 242 r a .~
~`, 30 diode 243 and a relay 244.
. ' :
'~
, ,',' ` , .
3~
A 246, e~ o~ wl~ c)~ lr o~ a ~-?~ ir~ t ~'iu~l-! J;Itf~.
OR gate 2~17 compriseC, one-thi,rd Or ,I thre --inr,l.Lt o~ tri,le gate. Resistors 248 and 249, diodes 250 and 251, :LT3~"~
252 and 253 and transi,s-tors 254 allcl 255 coL(Iprise a condi~io signaling portion of -the circui-t. Connected to th* OR
gate 247 is one-half of a one shot dua] rese~, intecJrated circuit 257, which is in turn timed by condenser 258 and resistor 259. A latch por-tion 260 of a four-part integra-tecl circuit is connected -through resistor 261, transistor 262, a LED 2~3, a diode 264 and a reSistor 265.
Additionally in the control circuit are resis-tors 266, 267, and 268, a transistor 269, a zener diode 270, and a timing condenser 271. Resistors 272 and 273 are associated with the diodes 250 and 251, and -the LEDS 252 and 253.
timing condenser 275 is connected to the con-tact debounce 205.
Briefly, the operation of the apparatus of the present invention is as follows. Referring to the beginninc3 of the circuit shown in F'IG. 2, starting at the sensor 36, the ultraviole-t light passing through the diffuser ancl Eilter 37 is picked up by the sensor 36 and is converted from a light signal into a voltaye. The voltage is coupled from the sensor to the ampli~ier 42, which is a simple amplifi,er.
Potenti,ometers 10 and 12 are designed to adjust -the ~roper level of the ampli-Eication of the amplifier ~2. The amplified signal that is developed by -the arnpli~ier 42 is coupled -to the potentiometer 45. l`he o~tput is taken at t~e~ top Ot-the condenser 55 and -through -the me-ter 56 and -tnen throug~
another level-se-tting potelltic~rrleter 54 -to the in~eqrated circui-t 63, where the s:ic3nal is converte('~ to ~ d~icrital sicJnal.
L)r 3(~3Z
Tile pulses are ~hen co~lpled to lllc-~ :inte~ .rnl~C-l circuit 150, shown in FIG. 5, whc~re they ar~ collnted. ~!h~r\ l-he COtl!lt:
that is received equa]s -the coun-t that is p.reset in -the col~n~er, an output is obtained which is coupled a-t lead 152 to the input of an OR gate 245,providin~ a high :Levcl signal throuan lead 151 to pin 37 of integrated circuit 150, which wou1d inhibit further counting. It would also provide a si~nal to pin 37 of integrated circui-t 114, inhi.bitinq further counting of the minute coun~er. The output :Erom pin 39 is also coupled to OR gate 247. When OR gate 247 changes state, it couples its changed state output to one sho-t 257, which is a reset circuit, to reset latches 222 and 223. When the outputs of 222 and 223 drop low due to the rese-t pulse, A~D
gate 240 output goes low, removing drive signal to transistor 281, which turns off, dropping ou-t relay 241 and turning off the lamps.
In the block diagram FI(~. 1 there is shown a time base.
On the schemati.c of FIG. 3 it is shown as a power supply, a one shot and a NAND gate and a ripple counter. The outpu-t is coupled to integrated circuit 114, which si.mply counts it as a particular time rate in order to develop a number that is related to the passage of time, and corresponds to the passage of a period of time. When it reaches the number that has been presented to the counter by the way of a thumb wheel 108 that is displayed on the display 136, -the lamps are turned off. The counter also provides an output a-t 7.ero pin 39. That outpu-t goes to OR gates 245 and 246 and -to OR gate 247. It inhi.bi.-ts further counti.ng by integra-ted circuit 150. It further inhibits itsel.f from countl.rlg at integrated circuit 114 by a feedback to -termina~l 37 and ~3~)32 through OR gate 247. It a~lso co~lples an out:~ut down to ~he reset one shot 257, which outpu'~:s for 2 milliseconds I'his signal is coupled down to in-tec~rated circui-ts 222, 223 and 224, which are latches that change states, and the changed states are coupled to the AND gate 240, which changes sta;e and removes drive from the relay driver to again turn off the lamps.
In the interface, shown in FIG. 1 as 25, and shown in FIG. 6, there are several switches. One is a joule set 201. It operates a contact debounce tha-t operates some further gating, which is a monostable multivibra-tor tha-t.changes state, producing an output that is coupled into pin 31 of integrated circuit 150, causing it to load in the number that has been put on by thumb wheel 160. The minute set button 202 does the same thing Eor providiny an output to pin 31 of integrated circuit 114 that allows loading in the number that is set at thumb wheel 108.
To start the operation of the whole system, the run button 203 is pushed in to actuate a contact debounce 207 that operates a monostable which ultimately sets the relay circuit and starts everything counting and running. Depressing the push button 204 turns off all operations.
A lamp test button 230 operates to actuate integrated circuit 231 and integrated circuit 234 to actuate the relay driver to operate the lamps for testing. The interface 25 of the block diagram is in effect a logic circuit. It takes output from the joul.e control or counter in~.egra-ted circui-t and couples it to the lamp relay and to the minute con-trol.
The minute control OUtpllt is a].so cou~Led to t:'fle lamp re].a~
:30 joule con-trol. When an output from the joule cortrol is I' '" ~ ' 1~3~32 obt ained, indicat inc- the correc t nllm~)er o.' jou~e.s ~ e b-~ell -read, it drops out t-h^ lallla relay, CallSi;l(~ -the lam~)s t:o ~:~e turned off, and also inhibit:s further coin.in~J by -the minute control. Similarly, wllen -the minute control O~ pUt occurs, indicating the proper time has passed, it is coupled through the logic circuit to the lamp relay to de-energi~e the larnp relay and shu-t off the lamp, and also to the joule control in order to deactivate the joule control. The lo~ic circuit also has inputs for causing the circuit to run, for StGpping the prio r circuit, for tes-ting the lamp, and also there is a set input to the logic control for setting both the necessary time period and the minute control, and for setting the necessary total count in the j oule control . The error sensing circuit 14 is shown in FIG. 2 and comprises amplifier 57 and the associated resistor network and a 5 second monos table 60 and a NOR gate 59. The circuit senses the output level o:E the light circuit and the sensor and, when the signal becomes too low, determines that there is some kind oE an .i error and shuts down . When it shuts down, i-t actua tes an error sensor light-emitting diode 263 through a resis-tor 265 to provide a warning signal, and it also further goes through the interface, terminating further counting and shutting o-ff the sys tem .
In the interface circuitry (FIG. 6) is the apparatus for remembering a previous patient ' s dosage and disabling the machine ' s operati.on should an opera tor inadvertently attempt to use the device w;-thout proper setup.
Thereset slgnal from inteqrated circuit 257, or the power turn-on signal from the ne twork associ;ated with -transisto r 269, will cause the -thumb whee:l. da-ta to be encerecl i.nto the 3Z~
clata regis-te~rs of in-tec3rate(,l circu:i.t ll4 alld 150 by hiqh signals at the input. Or intcgrat,-~(l circ~lit ~r?~ whi.ch w;~].
result in high signals to the loacl regi,steJ- input., ~,0l. ancl 300 of integrated circuits 11~ and ~50, respectively.
If the operator a-ttempts to set th~ counters of integrated circuits 114 or ]50 to the same number which has been auto-matically entered into the registe.rs, the e~ual output ~03 and 30~ will cause a low signal at the ou-tput of integrated ~ircuit 305, a NOR gate, which will in turn disable the operation of the monostable 216, preventing the run switch 203 from activating the rest of the circui-try. Moreover, ' integrated circuit 305 also disables the monostable 216 if the stop button is simultaneously depressed at power : turn-on.
The apparatus of the present inventiorl has a number o:E
advantages over apparatus used for the sarne purpose in the art. First, photoelectric means is provided for mounting on the patient wh.ich. measures the instantaneous intensity of the ultraviolet light applied at the actual distance at which the patient is placed. The signal from the pho-toelectric cell indicating the instantaneous intensity is integrated with a time base signal to provide an integrated signal which is calibrated to correspond to the actual energy in joules per square centimeter applied to the patient during a given period. The signal is monitored against a pre-determined setting representing the energy which is desired to be applied to the subject. When the desired treatment has been comple-ted, the lamps are automatically extinguished.
In an improved embodiment, an independent timinc~ a~paratus is associa-ted with t.he energy measurirl~ portion o-F the ~1~3~32 be applie(l per unit area is entcred ancl a ~ irg ~er~od, which has been calculated for the indeperident -timer, represen-tincJ the time ~hat has heen cletermined to pro-vide the same number of joules per unit area of trea-tmellt, ; is entered. Both the maximum desired joules display and the minute display count toward zero when the a?paratus is turned on. Whichever display comes to zero first extinguishes the lamps. The independent timer monitor is utilizecl as a safety measure in the event that the joule counter does not operate properly. Generally, the joule counter shuts the system down. However, in the event oE an abnormality not detected by the joule counter and its assembly, the independent timer acts as a safety measure and turns off the lamps at the desired time.
Additionally, in a further embodiment, means is provided whereby a switch may be used to turn on the lamps prior to treatment, and the intensity of the radiated light, as measured by the photoelectric cell, is displayed on an accurate meter which is calibrated to show milliwatts per square centimeter~
It is understood that with appropriate circuit modifi-cations one thurnb wheel could be used to set both integrated circuits 114 and 150 instead of using the two thumb wheels 107 and 161, and that one display could be usecl to display, at the operator's discretion, either minu-tes remaining or joules/cm remaining, instead of using the two displays 136 and 183, as will be apparent to one skilled in the art.
Although the cornponen-ts herein are converltional, they may conveniently be the followincJ commercial items:
'~"I' ' 3~
~mpl i .:ier ~ ) 7~1l J11 Con1paL-ator r7 ~ 1 'l,l Tl Co~ act c~ebo~ es 20,-20~ --`'{` 14~90 I;'L' - One-shot duc-ls such as 2'ld-'~l7, ~ I Ild Oth~ l- s - ~iC -14 r) 3 8 .~ P
Rip~le coun-ter - MC l~10~4 RC~P
Triple gate - 1~1C 1~5'72 BCP
Latch guard - ~1C l40~3 BCP
Four input or dual ga-te ~ l4072 BCP
Three inpu-t or triple gate - ~,C 14075 ~CP
Pour input ~ND dual gate - ~IC l40~2 BCP
Transistor array - ULN 20 Counters - MK 50395 N
Conver-ter 63 - Vrr 1560 l~
It should also yo without saying -tha-t the device oE the present invention cou]d also employ, as means for no-ti~ying the subjec-t ox patient in the following claims, instead of means for turning off the lamps when the light enerc3y reaches a pre-determined value, alternate means for alerting the patient and/or doctor by a signal, either audible or visual or both, and that the device of the invention is equally applicable to protection against ultraviole-t ligh-t rays from any source, including natural sources, and is not limited to ultraviolet light generated by lamps, and that the device may moreover readily be placed in portahle form with its own power pack.
F~r example, in the case of using the device to monitor sun exposure, the device may be connected to a battery which activates an audible signal -to inform the subject that the p,e-determined exposure has been reached.
It is to be understood tha-t the invention is not to be limited to the exact details of operation, s-truc-ture, or cir-cuitry shown and described in the speciFication and drawinqs, since obvious modifications and equivalents wil:l be readily apparent to one skilled in the ar-t.
'
F~ c)r---INv~--r~rrI~ N~ Rlo~r~ ~}~
The present invention rela-tes to devifes for providing ultrav;olet lic~ht for treating a subject, and is more partic-ularly concerned with a device for monitorlnc3 -the actual amount of ultrav-iole-t energv applied to the subject an~l auto-matically turning o~f the ultraviolet lamps when a predetermined amount of energy has been applied.
Ultraviolet light therapy has long heen used both for applying a tan to the skin of a subject and for trea-ting the skin of the subject for certain diseases for which ultraviolet light has therapeutic value. To control the amount of total ultraviolet light energy received by the subject, it has been conventional to use a timer which, after a predetermined period, either provides an alarm or turns off the lamps, or both.
More recently it has been found that the physiological eEfect of ultraviolet light may be greatly sensitized or accelerated by administering certain drugs to the suhject prior to exposure to ultraviolet light, either topically or internally.
This permits a certain degree of physiological -treatment to be accomplished in a far shorter time than when ultraviolet light is applied in the absence of such drugs. Among these drugs are those originally developed for treating psoriasis.
Representative drugs are certain psoralen derivatives, e.g., Methoxsalen and Trioxsalen, marke-ted by Thomas C. Elder, Inc.
When this method of providing ultraviolet radiation is utilized, it is extremely important that the amount of radiation energy received by the patient be carefully controlled within certain limits to prevent overexposure and its attendant injury.
The use of timers alone may not pro~Tide the necessary precision, I'i'' ' '' 3~32 since the int-ellsity o-f the li(r}lt T~rod~ c~ hy-t'~ ultr~ -iolet lamps may vary ~i-th -the a~e of t}`lC' laml)s an~ ith c~lan{J~s in the voltage of the electrical ma;n.
JECTS OF THE INVENTION
It is accordingly an objec-t of the invention to provide apparatus haviny an ultraviolet light sensor which auto~atically measures the instantaneous intensity of -the ultraviole-t light reaching the patient.
It is additionally an object of the invention to pro-vide for the continual measurement of the total amount of ultraviolet light energy received by a unit area of the s~in of the patient, and to notify the subject, e.g., by turning the ultraviolet lamps off automatically, or otherwise, after a predetermined amount of radiation energy has been received.
It is an additional object of the invention to provide a secondary means for turning off the u]traviolet lamps as a safety measure in case of malfunction of the electronic portion of the apparatus which measures the tota] amount of energy received.
It is still an additional object of the inven-tion to provide safety devices to prevent injury to the patent in the event of a malfunction of the apparatus or in case of the accidental obscuring of the ultraviolet light sensing device used to measure intensity.
It is an additional object to provide means for measuring the intensity of the ultraviolet light prior to treatment.
These and other objects, advantages and functions of the invention will be apparent upon reference to the specification and to the attached drawings illus-tratin~ the 3;2 preferre~ embodimen~s ~)f the inventiorl, in ~/hich like n~lrti are identi~ied by l~ e re~e~rellce symbols in eclch oF the vie~s.
BRIEF DESCI~IPT10~ OF 'I'~IE INV~ TION
_ _ _ AccordincJ to the inven.ion, an ultraviole-t rcldLat.~n apparatus is provided having an uL-traviolet li~ht sensor which is mounted on the subject, in -the light unit, or a~-jacent to the subject. The sensor provides an electrical eurrent signal proportional to -the intensity oE the ultraviole-t light impinging upon its detecting element, which current is amplified and transformed into digital pulses by the integrator.
The pulse frequeney is proportional to the intensity of the original current. The pulses are eounted to represent the total radiation received during a given period of time.
When the total radiation energy reaches a certain predetermined value, the subject is notified, e.g., by apparatus which automatically turns off the ultraviolet lamps. An additional timing circuit is used as a safety device and pre-set Eor a certain period. Whichever eontrol reaches the predetermined value turns off the lamps. Additionally, means is provided for turning on the lamps and measuring their intensity prior to treatment.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematie block diagram of the a~paratus.
FIG. 2 is a schematic electrical diagram showing the photoelectrie cell, integrator, and associated circuitry.
FIG. 3 is a schema-tic electrical diagram of a time base clock and associated circui-try FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a minu-te control and associated circuitry.
)32 FIG. 5 is a schelrl~ltic e:l eCt.r':iCd~ di.aqrclrn of a j~,u!e control and associated disp~ c~ cuitry, cln-l FIG. 6 is a schematic electrical diaqram of -the inter-face logic ci.rcuit.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF TEIE INVENTIO~
Referring to FIG. 1, a block diagram of the present invention is shown and comprises a pho-tovoltaic sensor 10 having a suitable filter to permit only ultraviolet light energy, and particularly ultraviolet A energy hav.ing a wave length of from 320 to 400 nanometers. The filtered light produces a current in the sensor which goes to an operational amplifier 11 for proper conditioning. From -the amplifier 11 the output goes to an integrato.r 12. A light output meter 13 is provided for testing. The signal also goes to an error sensing assembly 1.4 The light output meter 13, when properly calibrated, gives a reading in terms of milliwatts per sq. centimeter.
This information is used together with a chart and permits the setting of an independent timer to give the desired e~-posure as a safety :Eactor. The error sensing modul.e 14 indicates a fault in the function of the apparatus and,when necessary, turns off the lamps either when the sensor has lost output or when the patient has accidentally caused the lights to be blocked to the sensor. An open or defec-tive sensor also is sensed as an error and causes the output from the lamps to be removed. The integrator 12 receives the information which represents -the amount o:F light received by the sensor and converts it to a pulse tra;n. rrhe output of the integrator 12 is fed to a joule contro~L 150 In the joule control 15/information :is orogrammed as to the ma~im-lm 3~32 desired joules,~c~ o be a,)~ d to t~rle su~)ject, ~ mo.lr~s of t~l~ tl~ nb wll~e~ ch~s l6. ~[~}1~ ~:r~ in:lrorr~llt . 0}1 se-t by the thumb whee'Ls ]6 i~ continually comr~ared ~,7i i h the accumulated si~nal from the sensor ]Ø r1herl the two quantities becorle equal, a signal is pro-~ided to -the relays to turn the lam~s ofE.
A digital display 17 also receives its in:Eorrnation from the joule control when the set bu-tton 18 :is depressed. The amoun-t set by the thumb wheel is displayed on the joule digital display 17.
As the energy is accumula-ted and the ou-tput is received from the integrator 12, the digital display will gradually be reduced from its original setting and the energy to thr-~lamps will be removed when the digital display has di,minished to a value of zero.
The functions set out in the lower ~art of FI~. 1 illus-trate that an input to a time control 19 is provided by a time base 20. When the operator pushes a "set" button 21, the amoun-t of time se-t into the thurnb ~^7heel con-trol 22 is displayed on a diqital display in terms of minu-tes.
- When the treatmen-t is initia-ted by pushing the "run"
button 24, the signal from -the time base is -Eed to the minu-te control 19 and the digital display 23 diminishes in value. When -this dis~lay reaches a value of ~ero, an in-ter-face logic circuit 2S removes the signa:L to the lamp relav, thereby -turning off the ultraviole-t lam~;s 27. The system is - so arranged that ~lhen either the joule coll-trol or -the minute control reach the pre-set condition,that control. assumes the command position and -turns off the lamps~ rrhe circui~ry of the joule cont:roi 15, -the tlrrle cont:rol 19 arl~ the in~ormatio 3~3Z
on the tim-~ chart Erom wllicll L}le rninute con;_r~()] L') i~ set, are so orcJa~ e~l that the jc)~lle cc>rltrol will be the r~re--dominate controJ, and -the time cont~ol ~ss~lmes a sub-idiary position as a s~fety device.
The sensor 10 is a specia] photovolt:aic ~ho-toc~cll ~hich is a self-generating photocell. ~lowever, other types of photocells may be utilized. The photocell 10 is incor~?orated into an aluminum housinc3 (not shownj which provides it with a considerable amount of protection iIl the normal handling anticipated. The assembly is providecl with a band or other attachment means 50 that it can be mounted on -the body oE the patient as desired by the physiciar.
When properly positioned the sensor is arranged so that it receives light output from the lamps through an included angle of approximately 90 to 180 degrees, and there-ore is ; exposed to substantially the same amount of exposure as the surrounding body surface. Under normal conditions of treat-m~nt ojE the entire body, the sensor is generally placed in the region of the body trunk. This reyion is in c:loser proximity to the ultraviolet radiation and thereEore receives larger amounts of radiation than the remainder of the body.
It has been found that the amount of radiation from -the lamps varies as the position along the length of the lamp varies. The energy output diminishes as -the encls of the lamps are approached. Th2 present sensor systern measures actual radiation applied during treatment rather than clepending on a reading taken prior to the treatmeIIt to the patient. The present me-thod of monitoring by Means oc a se1-lsor is par-ticu-larly desirable when a ~artia:l treatme~-t is to be ma-~e to a patient.
1'~,1'- ', ~43~3Z
Pric>r ~o -treatme~ , a val~n~ for the desircd joil:le treatment :is set by rleans ~E t~ thulnb whee:l ';wi.tch(`S 1~
and, additionally, a value for the tim~ oF the dosc~g~- is set into the thumb wheel switches 22. The set bu-tton 18 for the desired joule setting is -then depressecl by the operator. The amount of joules desired then appears on the digital display 17. The operator then depresses the set switch 21 for the minute control. ~'he digital display 23 then shows the amount of time set in :~or the treatment. The run button 24 is then depressed to begin the -treatment. The run button will not turn on the lamps 27 until both -the joule set and the minute set have been established. Once the treatment has begun by pushing the run button, the two set switches 18 and 21, as well as the thumb wheel switches 16 and 22, are disabled and any readjustment of these switches will not affect the treatment which is being ad-ministered. The only control which is active during treatment is the stop button, which may be used at any time to stop treatment. Treatment may again be adminis-tered by pressing the run button.
During treatment, iE the patient inadvertently blocks the sensor 10 with an arm or a hand, this condition is sensed in the control circuitry and causes the lamps to be turned off. A small pilot lamp may be provided which lights up on the control panel to indicate to the operator -that -the fault is due to a lack of sensor output. This detector also pro-tects against problems with a sensor which has an open lead or is otherwise defective. Following -the correc-ting of -the defective condition, the sys-tem can again b~ started by --7~
!'''1:,'-`, 3C1 3z p~lshill~ th~ n ~l~tL~
The sen~sor ln,'~hitl serlses, the amo~llLt oF ~ner~y ,-ecei-ed, has additional features -to l~revent misns~ If for an~ re~ior the sensor should become disconrlected or de~:ective durincJ a treatment, the treatment will be inter-rupted afte. a period of five seconds in this condi-tion. ~hen this tvr,e of shutdown occurs, the sensor error lamp 14 lights up, indicating that either there is a fault in the circuit or the lamp ou-tput has fallen below six milliwatts per sq. centl-meter on the sensor for a period of five seconds. A similar shutdown of the system will occur if the patient accidentally coversthe sensor which receives the light energy for measure-ment. A relaxation or exercise movement of the arm past the front oE the sensor will not cause shutdown of -the system.
Operation will continue. A shutdown of the systern due to sensor error will cause the system to remain shut down until the error is corrected and -the run button depressed. If the shutdown has occurred as the result of the patient's covering of the sensor, the attendant informs -the patient of the condition and merely once again depresses the run button 2 to continue treatment.
Digital sensor 10 is chosen as a self-generating type of sensor, and -therefore cannot be detrimental to the patien-t in any way~ Should any wear cause an open wire or bad connection, the amoun-t of elec-trical energ~ to which the patient may be exposed would not be in excess of t~o vGl-ts vc.
: FIGS. 2 thrcugh 6 are schematic electrical drawin~s of the various portions of the appa-~atus according to ~e present invention shown in bloc}c diagram in FI~ 1 The componen-ts shown are al1 conventional off-the-she]E conlponents which ., ' l~r,~ ~ , 3~332 cl.re ~rl~wn to tll~s~ ~]ii:Ll.c?~ ctr~
purchased from ele~ctroll:ic s~ ply conce.rl~s. Irl SOrrle` case~;
where the compollents such ~s fl.ip-Elop oscil:La-r,ors or monostable multi-vi~rators are shown inc',ivi-1ually, they may be utilized as a matter of conven:ience as r>ortions oE a large multi-unit integrated circui-t. The ~ree leads shown in the drawings have been given numerals and are to be connected with the like-numbered free leads of the o-ther figures. Additionally, where applicable, the terminal connections to the various integrated circuits have been indicated in the drawings.
Referring to FIG. 2, the ultraviolet light sensing and processing portion of the apparatus is shown comprising a sensor assembly module 35 having mounted in a housinq a sensor photoelectric cell 36, and an ultraviolet light-passing filter and diffuser 37. The output signal goes to a resistor array comprising resistors 38, 39, 40, and 41. The signal then goes to an operation amplifier 42, potentiometers 43, 44, and 45, diodes 46 and 47, resistors 48, 49, 50, 51, and 52, a potentiometer 54, a filter condenser 55, .~nd a micro-ammeter 56. The signal from the amplifier 42 goes to a comparator amplifier 57. The signal from the diodes 46 and 47 goes to a portion of a dual one shot and a NOR gate 59 which :is a portion of a quad NOR gate. The circuit addition-ally includes a five second flip-:Elop integrated circui-t and timing condenser 61 and fil-ter condenser 62. The lead from the potentiometer 54 goes to an ana]og--to-di.gi-tal con-verter 63 which converts the analog current signal to a di~ital current signal. ~ddi-tional circ~itry comprises a transistor 64 and resistor 55, and res:istor 67 termi.nating 3'~
in a lcad 66. ~ llrtllel- ~rec lead 27~ i connec-tecl t-> "-,-~resistor 53 ancl corlclenser 6 ~ e~errincJ to }'~ 3, a pow*r supply and -time bas~
clock is shown compris:ing a transt-orme-~ 70 having secorldarv windings 71, 72, and 73. A varis~or 74 contro]s the voltage of the winding 73. A bank of diodes 75 arranged as a bridge rectifier is connected to the windings 71 and 72 and its output is connected -to filter condensers 76, 77, 78, and 79. Additional filtering is supplied by condensers ~0 and 81. A voltage regulator 82 con-trols the voltage across one branch of the circuit. An additional Eilter and control bank comprises condensers 80 and 81 and zener diode 83. Pickoff circuitry for the time base circuit is provided by resistors 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, diodes 89 and 90, along with ripple counter 92, NAND gate 93, and one-shot 97, which acts as a pulse divider network. Associated components include resistors 99 and 94, ana timing condensers 95 and 98. Invertor 91 is also a part of this circuit. A free lead 100 is connected to the ou-tput of the integra-ted circuit 97.
Referring to FIG. 4, the timing portion of the circui-t for establishing minute control is shown and comprises a digital readout assembly 107 which is set by a thumb wheel switch array 108 connec-ted through a series of diodes 109, bypass condensers 110, 111, 112, and 113, and to a minute coun-ter integra-ted circui-t 114. The integrated circuitt 114 is additionally connected throuc~h resistors 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 120, and 121, -to a bank oE transisc,ors 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, and 128, -through a series of resistors 129, 130, 131, 132, ]33, 134, and 135 to a dig;tal reac`~ollt assembly 136~ The digit-al readc~ut 1,6 is also conneci~cl to -In-3~32 tlle inte~Jrat~d circ--it~ thr~ rt~sixtoL, l37 an~ :13~, and transist:orsl39 and 140. I:.eads l.4l, l~ L~3, an~1 la connect the intc~grated circuit 11~1 to c:ircuits S}lO~,~n in other fi.g.ures having similar lead numbers. Conclensc-~r l.l5 is a timinc3 condenser to set the scan rat:c-~ for the multi-plexing circuits in-ternal to integrated circuit ll.4.
Referring to FIG. 5, the apparatus for counting the total integrated energy oE the ultravio1.et light stri}cing the sensor in terms of joules/crn2 of enerc3y comprises a joule control counter integrated circuit 150 havincJ leads 149, 151, 152, and 153 connected to similarly numbered leads in other figures. The integrated circuit 150 is bypassed by bypass condense~ 155, 156, L57, and 158. The bypass leads are connected through a plurality of diodes 159 through a bank of thumb wheel switches 160 to a digi-tal readout 161.
Other termina.ls of the integrated circuit 150 are connected through resistors 162, 163, 164, 165, 166, 1~7, and 168 to a bank of transistors 169, 170, 171, 172, 173, 174, and 175, which are in turn connected to a plurality of resistors 176, 177, 178, 179, 180, 181, and 182 -to ano-ther diyital readout 183. The digital readout is also connected by means of transistors 184, 185, 186, 187, 188, and 189 and resistors 191, 192, 193, 194 and 195 to terminals of the in-tegrated circuit 150. A lead 196 is also connected to the in-tegrated circuit 150 as is a lead 198. ~ resistor 197 connects the digital readout 183 wi-th the transis-tor 18A.
Re.erring to FIG. 6, the control porti.on of the circ~lit : is illustrated compri.sing a push button s~.~itch 201 for settinq the value of totaL energy in joules desirecl to be al~plied to 3~ the patient before the ultra~iol.e-t Lamps are lurne~cl of~
~ 3 3~3Z
.
push button switch 202 initiates an independen-t -timincJ function to time the exposure and to turn off the lamps aftcr a pre-;` set time has ela~sed. A push button switch 203 turns on the ~; lamp and starts the timer and joule counter function to run.
A push button 204 is designed to turn off the lamps and stop other functions. A six-part integrated circuit provides contact debounce and comprises units 205j 206, 207, and 208, which are connected to 2 millisecond monostable multivibrator i (one shotj integrated circuits 214 and 215, a 1 second one ~10 shot integrated circult 216, and a 3 second one shot integrated a~ circuit 217, integrated circuits having timing cPnde~sers 218, 219, 220 and 221. Resistors 277, 278, 279 and 280 establish, along with cooperating timing condensers 218-221, the millisecond delays of~the monostable multivibrators.
Further connected in the circuit are a pair of sections 222 ~ and 223 of~a four-part latching integrated circuit, and a i~` latching circuit 224.~ Additionally~in the circuit are OR
~- ~ gates225 and 226 which are portions of a triple gate integrated circuit, and gates 227, 228, and 229 which are portions of ~20 a HEX~inverter integrated circuit. A lamp test switch 230 is connected to contact debounce integrated circuit 231, .,.~ ,.~
which is in turn connected~to one-half of a one-shot dual gate 234, which functions as a 15 second timer. Associated with the iniegrated circuit 234 is a resistor 236 and a timing condenser 237. ;Connected to the integrated circuit 234 is an AND gate 235 and through diodes 238 and 239 is an AND gate 240 which is one of a four-input dual AND gate integrated circuit.
A relay circuit comprises resistors 241 and 242 r a .~
~`, 30 diode 243 and a relay 244.
. ' :
'~
, ,',' ` , .
3~
A 246, e~ o~ wl~ c)~ lr o~ a ~-?~ ir~ t ~'iu~l-! J;Itf~.
OR gate 2~17 compriseC, one-thi,rd Or ,I thre --inr,l.Lt o~ tri,le gate. Resistors 248 and 249, diodes 250 and 251, :LT3~"~
252 and 253 and transi,s-tors 254 allcl 255 coL(Iprise a condi~io signaling portion of -the circui-t. Connected to th* OR
gate 247 is one-half of a one shot dua] rese~, intecJrated circuit 257, which is in turn timed by condenser 258 and resistor 259. A latch por-tion 260 of a four-part integra-tecl circuit is connected -through resistor 261, transistor 262, a LED 2~3, a diode 264 and a reSistor 265.
Additionally in the control circuit are resis-tors 266, 267, and 268, a transistor 269, a zener diode 270, and a timing condenser 271. Resistors 272 and 273 are associated with the diodes 250 and 251, and -the LEDS 252 and 253.
timing condenser 275 is connected to the con-tact debounce 205.
Briefly, the operation of the apparatus of the present invention is as follows. Referring to the beginninc3 of the circuit shown in F'IG. 2, starting at the sensor 36, the ultraviole-t light passing through the diffuser ancl Eilter 37 is picked up by the sensor 36 and is converted from a light signal into a voltaye. The voltage is coupled from the sensor to the ampli~ier 42, which is a simple amplifi,er.
Potenti,ometers 10 and 12 are designed to adjust -the ~roper level of the ampli-Eication of the amplifier ~2. The amplified signal that is developed by -the arnpli~ier 42 is coupled -to the potentiometer 45. l`he o~tput is taken at t~e~ top Ot-the condenser 55 and -through -the me-ter 56 and -tnen throug~
another level-se-tting potelltic~rrleter 54 -to the in~eqrated circui-t 63, where the s:ic3nal is converte('~ to ~ d~icrital sicJnal.
L)r 3(~3Z
Tile pulses are ~hen co~lpled to lllc-~ :inte~ .rnl~C-l circuit 150, shown in FIG. 5, whc~re they ar~ collnted. ~!h~r\ l-he COtl!lt:
that is received equa]s -the coun-t that is p.reset in -the col~n~er, an output is obtained which is coupled a-t lead 152 to the input of an OR gate 245,providin~ a high :Levcl signal throuan lead 151 to pin 37 of integrated circuit 150, which wou1d inhibit further counting. It would also provide a si~nal to pin 37 of integrated circui-t 114, inhi.bitinq further counting of the minute coun~er. The output :Erom pin 39 is also coupled to OR gate 247. When OR gate 247 changes state, it couples its changed state output to one sho-t 257, which is a reset circuit, to reset latches 222 and 223. When the outputs of 222 and 223 drop low due to the rese-t pulse, A~D
gate 240 output goes low, removing drive signal to transistor 281, which turns off, dropping ou-t relay 241 and turning off the lamps.
In the block diagram FI(~. 1 there is shown a time base.
On the schemati.c of FIG. 3 it is shown as a power supply, a one shot and a NAND gate and a ripple counter. The outpu-t is coupled to integrated circuit 114, which si.mply counts it as a particular time rate in order to develop a number that is related to the passage of time, and corresponds to the passage of a period of time. When it reaches the number that has been presented to the counter by the way of a thumb wheel 108 that is displayed on the display 136, -the lamps are turned off. The counter also provides an output a-t 7.ero pin 39. That outpu-t goes to OR gates 245 and 246 and -to OR gate 247. It inhi.bi.-ts further counti.ng by integra-ted circuit 150. It further inhibits itsel.f from countl.rlg at integrated circuit 114 by a feedback to -termina~l 37 and ~3~)32 through OR gate 247. It a~lso co~lples an out:~ut down to ~he reset one shot 257, which outpu'~:s for 2 milliseconds I'his signal is coupled down to in-tec~rated circui-ts 222, 223 and 224, which are latches that change states, and the changed states are coupled to the AND gate 240, which changes sta;e and removes drive from the relay driver to again turn off the lamps.
In the interface, shown in FIG. 1 as 25, and shown in FIG. 6, there are several switches. One is a joule set 201. It operates a contact debounce tha-t operates some further gating, which is a monostable multivibra-tor tha-t.changes state, producing an output that is coupled into pin 31 of integrated circuit 150, causing it to load in the number that has been put on by thumb wheel 160. The minute set button 202 does the same thing Eor providiny an output to pin 31 of integrated circuit 114 that allows loading in the number that is set at thumb wheel 108.
To start the operation of the whole system, the run button 203 is pushed in to actuate a contact debounce 207 that operates a monostable which ultimately sets the relay circuit and starts everything counting and running. Depressing the push button 204 turns off all operations.
A lamp test button 230 operates to actuate integrated circuit 231 and integrated circuit 234 to actuate the relay driver to operate the lamps for testing. The interface 25 of the block diagram is in effect a logic circuit. It takes output from the joul.e control or counter in~.egra-ted circui-t and couples it to the lamp relay and to the minute con-trol.
The minute control OUtpllt is a].so cou~Led to t:'fle lamp re].a~
:30 joule con-trol. When an output from the joule cortrol is I' '" ~ ' 1~3~32 obt ained, indicat inc- the correc t nllm~)er o.' jou~e.s ~ e b-~ell -read, it drops out t-h^ lallla relay, CallSi;l(~ -the lam~)s t:o ~:~e turned off, and also inhibit:s further coin.in~J by -the minute control. Similarly, wllen -the minute control O~ pUt occurs, indicating the proper time has passed, it is coupled through the logic circuit to the lamp relay to de-energi~e the larnp relay and shu-t off the lamp, and also to the joule control in order to deactivate the joule control. The lo~ic circuit also has inputs for causing the circuit to run, for StGpping the prio r circuit, for tes-ting the lamp, and also there is a set input to the logic control for setting both the necessary time period and the minute control, and for setting the necessary total count in the j oule control . The error sensing circuit 14 is shown in FIG. 2 and comprises amplifier 57 and the associated resistor network and a 5 second monos table 60 and a NOR gate 59. The circuit senses the output level o:E the light circuit and the sensor and, when the signal becomes too low, determines that there is some kind oE an .i error and shuts down . When it shuts down, i-t actua tes an error sensor light-emitting diode 263 through a resis-tor 265 to provide a warning signal, and it also further goes through the interface, terminating further counting and shutting o-ff the sys tem .
In the interface circuitry (FIG. 6) is the apparatus for remembering a previous patient ' s dosage and disabling the machine ' s operati.on should an opera tor inadvertently attempt to use the device w;-thout proper setup.
Thereset slgnal from inteqrated circuit 257, or the power turn-on signal from the ne twork associ;ated with -transisto r 269, will cause the -thumb whee:l. da-ta to be encerecl i.nto the 3Z~
clata regis-te~rs of in-tec3rate(,l circu:i.t ll4 alld 150 by hiqh signals at the input. Or intcgrat,-~(l circ~lit ~r?~ whi.ch w;~].
result in high signals to the loacl regi,steJ- input., ~,0l. ancl 300 of integrated circuits 11~ and ~50, respectively.
If the operator a-ttempts to set th~ counters of integrated circuits 114 or ]50 to the same number which has been auto-matically entered into the registe.rs, the e~ual output ~03 and 30~ will cause a low signal at the ou-tput of integrated ~ircuit 305, a NOR gate, which will in turn disable the operation of the monostable 216, preventing the run switch 203 from activating the rest of the circui-try. Moreover, ' integrated circuit 305 also disables the monostable 216 if the stop button is simultaneously depressed at power : turn-on.
The apparatus of the present inventiorl has a number o:E
advantages over apparatus used for the sarne purpose in the art. First, photoelectric means is provided for mounting on the patient wh.ich. measures the instantaneous intensity of the ultraviolet light applied at the actual distance at which the patient is placed. The signal from the pho-toelectric cell indicating the instantaneous intensity is integrated with a time base signal to provide an integrated signal which is calibrated to correspond to the actual energy in joules per square centimeter applied to the patient during a given period. The signal is monitored against a pre-determined setting representing the energy which is desired to be applied to the subject. When the desired treatment has been comple-ted, the lamps are automatically extinguished.
In an improved embodiment, an independent timinc~ a~paratus is associa-ted with t.he energy measurirl~ portion o-F the ~1~3~32 be applie(l per unit area is entcred ancl a ~ irg ~er~od, which has been calculated for the indeperident -timer, represen-tincJ the time ~hat has heen cletermined to pro-vide the same number of joules per unit area of trea-tmellt, ; is entered. Both the maximum desired joules display and the minute display count toward zero when the a?paratus is turned on. Whichever display comes to zero first extinguishes the lamps. The independent timer monitor is utilizecl as a safety measure in the event that the joule counter does not operate properly. Generally, the joule counter shuts the system down. However, in the event oE an abnormality not detected by the joule counter and its assembly, the independent timer acts as a safety measure and turns off the lamps at the desired time.
Additionally, in a further embodiment, means is provided whereby a switch may be used to turn on the lamps prior to treatment, and the intensity of the radiated light, as measured by the photoelectric cell, is displayed on an accurate meter which is calibrated to show milliwatts per square centimeter~
It is understood that with appropriate circuit modifi-cations one thurnb wheel could be used to set both integrated circuits 114 and 150 instead of using the two thumb wheels 107 and 161, and that one display could be usecl to display, at the operator's discretion, either minu-tes remaining or joules/cm remaining, instead of using the two displays 136 and 183, as will be apparent to one skilled in the art.
Although the cornponen-ts herein are converltional, they may conveniently be the followincJ commercial items:
'~"I' ' 3~
~mpl i .:ier ~ ) 7~1l J11 Con1paL-ator r7 ~ 1 'l,l Tl Co~ act c~ebo~ es 20,-20~ --`'{` 14~90 I;'L' - One-shot duc-ls such as 2'ld-'~l7, ~ I Ild Oth~ l- s - ~iC -14 r) 3 8 .~ P
Rip~le coun-ter - MC l~10~4 RC~P
Triple gate - 1~1C 1~5'72 BCP
Latch guard - ~1C l40~3 BCP
Four input or dual ga-te ~ l4072 BCP
Three inpu-t or triple gate - ~,C 14075 ~CP
Pour input ~ND dual gate - ~IC l40~2 BCP
Transistor array - ULN 20 Counters - MK 50395 N
Conver-ter 63 - Vrr 1560 l~
It should also yo without saying -tha-t the device oE the present invention cou]d also employ, as means for no-ti~ying the subjec-t ox patient in the following claims, instead of means for turning off the lamps when the light enerc3y reaches a pre-determined value, alternate means for alerting the patient and/or doctor by a signal, either audible or visual or both, and that the device of the invention is equally applicable to protection against ultraviole-t ligh-t rays from any source, including natural sources, and is not limited to ultraviolet light generated by lamps, and that the device may moreover readily be placed in portahle form with its own power pack.
F~r example, in the case of using the device to monitor sun exposure, the device may be connected to a battery which activates an audible signal -to inform the subject that the p,e-determined exposure has been reached.
It is to be understood tha-t the invention is not to be limited to the exact details of operation, s-truc-ture, or cir-cuitry shown and described in the speciFication and drawinqs, since obvious modifications and equivalents wil:l be readily apparent to one skilled in the ar-t.
'
Claims (14)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. Apparatus for rendering more safe the exposure of the skin of a subject to ultraviolet light radiation, com-prising means for monitoring the ultraviolet light radiation energy per unit area impinging upon the subject, and provid-ing notification when a predetermined amount of energy per unit area has impinged upon the subject, said monitoring means comprising:
photoelectric means providing an analog electrical signal proportional to the intensity of the ultraviolet light which impinges thereon, solid state integrated circuit signal converting means for converting the analog electrical signal from said photoelectric means to a digital electrical signal having a frequency proportional to the intensity of the analog electrical signal, solid state integrated circuit counting means receiving said digital signal and counting the pulses of said signal to provide a measure of the total amount of ultraviolet energy received per unit area during a measured period of time, and means operatively connected to said circuit counting means adapted to be set to the desired amount of radiation applied per unit area of the subject and to provide notifi-cation when the set amount of total energy per unit area has been attained, wherein said apparatus includes one or more ultraviolet lamps and means for electrically energizing said lamps, herein said photoelectric means is adapted to be mounted on the body of said subject, and which includes a control switch having associated digital display for setting the total amount of ultraviolet light radiation per unit area desired to be applied to the subject, said control switch being operatively connected to said counting means and being so operatively connected that counted pulses of said counting means gradually reduces the reading on the display to indicate the total amount of energy per unit area still remaining to be applied, means for generating an electrical signal when the reading on said display reaches zero, and means actuated by said latter electrical signal adapted to turn off said ultraviolet lamps.
photoelectric means providing an analog electrical signal proportional to the intensity of the ultraviolet light which impinges thereon, solid state integrated circuit signal converting means for converting the analog electrical signal from said photoelectric means to a digital electrical signal having a frequency proportional to the intensity of the analog electrical signal, solid state integrated circuit counting means receiving said digital signal and counting the pulses of said signal to provide a measure of the total amount of ultraviolet energy received per unit area during a measured period of time, and means operatively connected to said circuit counting means adapted to be set to the desired amount of radiation applied per unit area of the subject and to provide notifi-cation when the set amount of total energy per unit area has been attained, wherein said apparatus includes one or more ultraviolet lamps and means for electrically energizing said lamps, herein said photoelectric means is adapted to be mounted on the body of said subject, and which includes a control switch having associated digital display for setting the total amount of ultraviolet light radiation per unit area desired to be applied to the subject, said control switch being operatively connected to said counting means and being so operatively connected that counted pulses of said counting means gradually reduces the reading on the display to indicate the total amount of energy per unit area still remaining to be applied, means for generating an electrical signal when the reading on said display reaches zero, and means actuated by said latter electrical signal adapted to turn off said ultraviolet lamps.
2. Apparatus of claim 1, wherein a solid state operational amplifier is associated with said photoelectric means to amplify the signal from said photoelectric means and to provide an amplified signal to said signal converting means.
3. Apparatus of claim 1, comprising filter means adapted to pass substantially only ultraviolet light to said photo-electric means.
4. Apparatus of claim 3, additionally having means for temporarily turning on said lamps prior to treatment, and metering means for measuring the strength of the signal derived from said photoelectric means to determine the intensity of the radiated ultraviolet light from said lamps.
5. Apparatus of claim 1, wherein the display of the actual energy remaining to be applied is calibrated in terms of joules/cm2.
6. Apparatus of claim 1, having means for detecting faults in the monitoring means, and means for turning off said lamps when a fault is detected.
7. Apparatus of claim 6, having means for detecting an abnormal drop in the signal from said photoelectric means and for turning off said lamps when such a drop is detected.
8. Apparatus of claim 1, additionally having an independent timing means for turning off said lamps when a preset period of time has elapsed,
9. Apparatus of claim 8, having digital readout means provided for displaying the actual remaining time.
10. Apparatus of claim 1, additionally having means for temporarily turning on said lamps prior to exposure of a subject thereto, and metering means for measuring the strength of the signal derived from said photoelectric means to deter-mine the intensity of the ultraviolet light radiated from said lamps.
11. An apparatus for rendering more safe the exposure of the skin of a subject to ultraviolet light radiation, com-prising means for monitoring the ultraviolet light radiation energy per unit area impinging upon the subject, and provid-ing notification when a predetermined amount of energy per unit area has impinged upon the subject, said monitoring means comprising:
means for applying ultraviolet light radiation with a particular dosage setting, photoelectric means providing an analog electrical signal proportional to the intensity of the ultraviolet light which impinges thereon, means for converting the analog electrical signal to a digital electrical signal having a frequency proportional to the intensity of the analog electrical signal, means for counting the pulses of said digital electrical signal to provide a measure of the total amount of the ultra-violet energy received by the subject per unit area during the period of exposure, means operatively connected to said counting means for providing notification when the total amount of ultraviolet light radiation applied per unit area of the subject reaches a predetermined value, means for remembering the radiation dosage setting for a first subject, means for comparing the next subsequent dosage setting with the dosage setting for said first subject, and means responsive to said comparing means for blocking the continued operation of said apparatus when said comparing means shows identical dosage settings for precluding a next preceding dosage from inadvertently being given to a subject immediately following said first subject.
means for applying ultraviolet light radiation with a particular dosage setting, photoelectric means providing an analog electrical signal proportional to the intensity of the ultraviolet light which impinges thereon, means for converting the analog electrical signal to a digital electrical signal having a frequency proportional to the intensity of the analog electrical signal, means for counting the pulses of said digital electrical signal to provide a measure of the total amount of the ultra-violet energy received by the subject per unit area during the period of exposure, means operatively connected to said counting means for providing notification when the total amount of ultraviolet light radiation applied per unit area of the subject reaches a predetermined value, means for remembering the radiation dosage setting for a first subject, means for comparing the next subsequent dosage setting with the dosage setting for said first subject, and means responsive to said comparing means for blocking the continued operation of said apparatus when said comparing means shows identical dosage settings for precluding a next preceding dosage from inadvertently being given to a subject immediately following said first subject.
12. Apparatus of claim 11, wherein said means for remembering is an integrated circuit containing a data register.
13. Apparatus of claim 11, wherein said means for comparing is an integrated circuit containing a comparator.
14. Apparatus of claim 11, wherein said means for blocking is an integrated circuit having means for removal of an enabling signal.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US05/956,202 US4279254A (en) | 1978-10-30 | 1978-10-30 | Ultraviolet light control |
| US956,202 | 1992-10-05 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1143032A true CA1143032A (en) | 1983-03-15 |
Family
ID=25497899
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000338672A Expired CA1143032A (en) | 1978-10-30 | 1979-10-29 | Ultraviolet light control |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4279254A (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS5560470A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU5157179A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1143032A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2943674A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2441154A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2034462A (en) |
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| US20140312776A1 (en) * | 2011-06-24 | 2014-10-23 | Planet System Co., Ltd. | Dimming led lighting system |
| US9158496B2 (en) * | 2012-02-16 | 2015-10-13 | High Sec Labs Ltd. | Secure audio peripheral device |
| JP2019067695A (en) | 2017-10-04 | 2019-04-25 | トヨタ車体株式会社 | Gas passageway formation plate for fuel cell and fuel cell stack |
| JP2020081758A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2020-06-04 | キヤノン株式会社 | Treatment support system and treatment device |
Family Cites Families (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3014156A (en) * | 1958-03-01 | 1961-12-19 | Osterhammel Kurt | Arrangement for irradiation with ultraviolet rays |
| US3093734A (en) * | 1958-09-22 | 1963-06-11 | Specialty Engineering & Electr | Radiation dosimeter reader |
| US3360650A (en) * | 1964-02-12 | 1967-12-26 | American Cyanamid Co | Apparatus for ultraviolet source stabilization in exposure testing |
| DE1966984A1 (en) * | 1968-02-13 | 1976-03-25 | Ponder & Best | ELECTRONIC FLASH DEVICE WITH EXTERNAL FLASH BLOCK |
| US3710115A (en) * | 1969-08-04 | 1973-01-09 | J Jubb | Sunburn warning device comprising detecting the ultra-violet component of solar radiation |
| US3699432A (en) * | 1970-06-25 | 1972-10-17 | Environment Metrology Corp | Electrical shock hazard detection system with station scanning and indicating means |
| US3648706A (en) * | 1970-11-23 | 1972-03-14 | Jean Holzer | Irradiation apparatus |
| CH546950A (en) * | 1972-01-14 | 1974-03-15 | Biviator Sa | DEVICE FOR MEASURING THE INTENSITY OF ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION. |
| NL7317067A (en) * | 1973-09-18 | 1975-03-20 | Biviator Sa | SYSTEM FOR MEASURING THE RADIATION DOSE OF NATURAL OR ARTIFICIAL RADIATION INTENSITIES, MORE PARTICULARLY OF ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT IN THE ERYTHEMA INTENSITY AREA CAUSING. |
| CH578728A5 (en) * | 1974-07-16 | 1976-08-13 | Biviator Sa | |
| US3967124A (en) * | 1975-08-26 | 1976-06-29 | Biviator S.A. | Apparatus for determining skin tolerance to ultra-violet radiation |
| DE2550327C3 (en) * | 1975-11-08 | 1978-08-31 | Herbert Waldmann Gmbh & Co, 7220 Schwenningen | Electrical control device for medical radiation equipment |
| JPS6027933B2 (en) * | 1977-12-13 | 1985-07-02 | 日本電気株式会社 | Solar cell power generation recording device |
-
1978
- 1978-10-30 US US05/956,202 patent/US4279254A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1979
- 1979-10-08 AU AU51571/79A patent/AU5157179A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1979-10-22 FR FR7926151A patent/FR2441154A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1979-10-24 GB GB7936951A patent/GB2034462A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1979-10-29 JP JP13884579A patent/JPS5560470A/en active Pending
- 1979-10-29 DE DE19792943674 patent/DE2943674A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1979-10-29 CA CA000338672A patent/CA1143032A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5560470A (en) | 1980-05-07 |
| DE2943674A1 (en) | 1980-05-14 |
| GB2034462A (en) | 1980-06-04 |
| AU5157179A (en) | 1980-05-08 |
| US4279254A (en) | 1981-07-21 |
| FR2441154A1 (en) | 1980-06-06 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| MKEX | Expiry |