CA1137714A - Scarifying machine - Google Patents
Scarifying machineInfo
- Publication number
- CA1137714A CA1137714A CA000332669A CA332669A CA1137714A CA 1137714 A CA1137714 A CA 1137714A CA 000332669 A CA000332669 A CA 000332669A CA 332669 A CA332669 A CA 332669A CA 1137714 A CA1137714 A CA 1137714A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- cutter
- tool
- flat spring
- support
- plate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G23/00—Working measures on existing buildings
- E04G23/006—Arrangements for removing of previously fixed floor coverings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L13/00—Implements for cleaning floors, carpets, furniture, walls, or wall coverings
- A47L13/02—Scraping
- A47L13/08—Scraping with scraping blades
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
- B28D1/00—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor
- B28D1/18—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor by milling, e.g. channelling by means of milling tools
- B28D1/186—Tools therefor, e.g. having exchangeable cutter bits
- B28D1/188—Tools therefor, e.g. having exchangeable cutter bits with exchangeable cutter bits or cutter segments
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F21/00—Implements for finishing work on buildings
- E04F21/20—Implements for finishing work on buildings for laying flooring
- E04F21/22—Implements for finishing work on buildings for laying flooring of single elements, e.g. flooring cramps ; flexible webs
Abstract
ABSTRACT
A scarifying tool is disclosed suitable for use in conjunction with disc floor maintenance machines. The scarifying tool includes a support plate with a plurality of resilient or flexible members attached thereto. The flexible member may be lightweight spring-steel strap material one end of which is secured to a disc plate. A cutter is then mounted on the strap at a point spaced from the disc support.
A scarifying tool is disclosed suitable for use in conjunction with disc floor maintenance machines. The scarifying tool includes a support plate with a plurality of resilient or flexible members attached thereto. The flexible member may be lightweight spring-steel strap material one end of which is secured to a disc plate. A cutter is then mounted on the strap at a point spaced from the disc support.
Description
BACKGROUND OF TH~ NT:ION
The pxesent invention relates to scarifyin~ machines and more particularly to scarifying machlnes which carry a plurality of cutters.
A long standing problem in industrial floor maintenance has been the removal of tough and gummy soilages as well as the removal of floor coating materials. Such matexials typically include petroleum deposits, food residues, dust and other soil materials, spills, paints and plastic xesins. Over the years, many methods ha~e been employed for the removal of such materials.
The methods have included the use of heavy duty powered round ; wire and butcher wire brushes, brushes with abrasive particles embedded in nylon bristles, automatic scrubbing machines which may use multiple soaking passes, open woven metallic sand papers, free abrasive scouring, light aggressive scarifying tools as well as harsh chemical removers that dissolve and suspend materials.
The known methods have certain disadvantages. For example, the known methods generally require excessive amounts of power and may damage the surface of the floor. The known methods and equipment generally have high wear thus requiring ~requent tool replacement. Also, the known methods generally require specialized machines which are not always available. Moreover, such known methods tend to be slow and inefficient. The chemical removers may requixe toxic chemicals and generally produce hazardous conditions on the floo~s due to the wet slippery nature. ~;
~ The known methods typ~cally xesult in demanding and unpleasant i woxk~
Pxevious methods ~ox ~atexial xemoYal have been o~
two gene~al type~, na~eIy, the wet` methods and the dryi methods.
I 30 The wet` me~hods typicall~ xequixe application o~ higAly alkaline ~ I , , ~t ~1 .
~ ~ 3t7~
or solvent based chemicals to so~ten, lift or dissolve the material. Illustrative of such sol~ent based chemicals is a ; commercially available product sold under the trademark Tennant 509. The chemical solvent is spread over the floor surface and allowed to react fox a period of up to about one hour. Hand-scrapers are used to remove and collect the lifted material in the form of a wet sludge. The sludge is shoveled into drums for remote disposal at a site appropriate for disposal of hazardous materials. This process may be repeated to remove multiple layers of coatings. The surface may then be power sanded or dry abraded with an abrasive bristle brush. The sur~ace is, subse~uently/ wet scrubbed.
The dry methods are illustrated by use of stiff wire brushes in such machines as the Tennant Models "Rl' and "K-4".
Such equipment may use steel brushes or tools containing rows of hardened metal star-shaped washers to remove difficult soilage buildups and coatings. The dry methods would also include sand blasting or powered sanding techniques. U.S. Patent No. 2,769,626 (Becker) shows a device for dry removing linoleum asphalt tile.
The device has vertical removable flared tubing cutters around its periphery. U.S. Patent No. 3,687,532 (Boyd) shows a disc device including many thin vertical discs attached around the periphery of the disc. U.S. Patent No. 3,3~7,596 (Brejcha) shows a sur~acing machine for terrazzo 100rs including riyidly held but removable cutting elements made of tungsten carbide. The cutting elements have negative axial rake that achieves longer tool life.
The cutters cut through a surface contour to level or plane instead of following the surface in preparation ~or surface smoothing operation.
.
:~' 37'7~L
Illus-trative of cylindrical -tools used to remove a gummy or soEtened material from a permanent hard surface are disclosed in V.S. Patent Nos. 1, 616/895, 1,721,266 and 3,061,860. The known methods and tools are expensive and require large power sources, are slow and inefficient in their operation, have generally short lives, tend to clog with removed materials and often permanently scar or damage the floor surface.
The present invention overcomes those problems in-herent in previous methods and tools. For example, a person removing material by hand-scraping can cover about 50 square feet per hour; whereas, a machine using the present tool may cover between 2500 and 3000 fee-t per hour. The present tool has a long life and is non-clogging. The present tool will cut through and scrape off gummy, softened materials at their inter-face with a permanent surface, such as a concrete floor, without causing damage to the permanent surface. The present tool is low in power consumption, is suitable for scraping off chemically treated, heated or otherwise softened coa-tings or grime and yet the operator is permitted to work on a safe dry surface. Use of the present tool permits use or selection of chemicals which are non-hazardous or do not result in disposal problems.
STATEMENT OF THE INVENTION
The present invention provides a tool for removing built-up layers of soilage or coatings from surfaces including -~
a first support means adapted for attachment to a rotary power machine, second support means, comprising a multiplicity of radially-extending elongated resilient spring m`embers, mounted on the first support means and removable cutter means mounted on the second support means. The first and second support - ~37'7~L~
;
means and cutter means and combina-tion serve to at least par-tially support the rotary power machine on the surface from which the soilage or coatings are being removed, and the cutter means is resiliently supported with respect to the first support means by the second support means.
In one aspect, the first support means may be a disc structure. The second support means may be a strap spring member which includes means providing sloped moun-ting of the cutter means thereby producing a relief angle for the cutter. The second support means may also be a cantilever strap member.
In a further aspect of the invention~ the invention includes support means including means for attaching the tool to a rotary driving machine, backing plate means and support plate means. The attaching means is locked with respect to the backing plate means and the support plate means is releasably locked with respect to the backing plate means by shear means. In this aspect of the invention, the flat spring means are secured to the support plate means and cutter means are secured to the flat spring means and are resiliently supported by the spring means with respect to the backing plate means.
In a further aspect of the invention, the first support means may comprise plate means, and the second support means may comprise a multiplicity of flat spring members mounted on the plate means extending radially outwardly and thereby resiliently supporting removable cutter means mounted on the I flat spring members with respect to the plate means. The flat j spring members and the cutter means in combination are adapted to support the tool on a surface from which the soilage or coatings are being removed. In this aspect, the cutter means ~ ~37~7~D~
may have a forwardly facing straight cutti.ng edge and may be composed of carbide. The cutter may be -triangularly shaped to provide a plurality of cutting edges. The tool may also include a positioning member secured to the flat spring means which serves to lock the cutter in cutti.ng position.
. In a further aspect of the invention, the flat spring means may consist of a plurali-ty of can-tilever fla-t spring members, each of the members includiny an obs-truction deflector. Each of the cantilever flat spring members may also include a sloped portion for providing proper relief angle for the cutter. The cutter means may include a forwardly facing substantially straight cutting edge.
IN THE DRAWINGS
!
~~ Figure I isa perspective view of one embodiment j:, of the present invention;
Figure II is a bottom plan view of the embodiment of Figure I;
Figure III is a cross-sectional view taken alony the line III-III in Figure II;
Figure IV is an enlarged view of a cutter support ;~ spring and cutter of the embodiment of Figure I;
. Figure V shows an alternative support spring and cutter;
Figure VI is a perspective view of another alternative support spring and cutter;
Figure VII is an end view of the support spring and cutter of Figure VI;
I
1 .
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Figure V~I~ .is a front view o~ the embodiment of Figure VI;
: Figure IX is an end view of one support spring and cutter from Figure II;
Figure X is a view similar to Figure IX, however, showing an alternative mounting arrangement for the cutter;
Figure XI illustrates another embodiment of the present invention in which the tool includes roller suppoxts;
Figure XII is a fragmentary side view of the embodiment of Figure XI;
, Figure XIII shows an embodiment of the present invention in which the tool includes brush structure;
``.!~ Figure XIV shows a side view of the embodiment of Figure XIII;
. Figure XV shows an embodiment of the present invention in which the springs are of a hat-section strap support;
Figure XVI is an enlarged perspective view of the strap support of Figure XV;
' Figure XVII is a fragmentary side view o~ the embodiment ..~ 20 of Figure XV; ~.
~. Figure XVIII is a further embodiment o~ the present ;;~ invention in which the strap spring supports are an integral ~. poxtion o~ the basic :support member;
;~, .Figure XIX is a cross sectional view taken along the line XIX-XIX in Figure XVIII;
Figure XX is a fragmentary side view of the embodiment .-:
':3 of Figure XVIII taken along the line XX-XX;
.~ Figu~e XXI is a :furthex embodiment o~ the present invention in whlch the.cutters are suppor.ted on a flexible disc;
,j :
~, :
~ 6 -. .... ..
, ~, , , . .
Figure XXII is a cross sectional.v,iew taken along ~'! the line XXII-XXII in Flgure'XXI;
,: Figure XXIII is a ~ragmentary slde view o~ the embodiment of Figure XXI taken a:Long the line XXIII-XXIII;
. ~'igures XXI~ through XXVI axe views o~ embodiments : of the present invention including a cylinder having hat-section straps supports mounted thereon; and '~, Figures XXVII through XXIX are ~,iews o~ an embodiment ~ ~ .
~ in which the first support member is cylindrical in shape and ,.
, 10 the strap spring supports are in the ~orm o~ loops with cutters ', mounted thereon.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PRESENT INVENTION
, The tool 10 of the present invention may be used in . ,j conjunction with any of various disc floor cleaning machines.
`............ The scarifying tool 10 (Figures I~ may include a first support member or disc 11 and a plurality of radially extending .. ; .~ .
flat support spring members 12, each of which carry at least ~:: one cutter blade 13. The disc support member 11 may include a clutch plate 16 suitable for engagement with the drive member of '.
the floor machine and will generally include an open center portion 17 and,suitahle locking portion, such as 18, for engagement with ''" the floor machine. The disc support member 11 includes a pair ,~ of backing plates l9a and l9b. The clutch plate 16 may be secured to the backing pl~tes l9a and l9b, ~or example, by screws `:,'`. 21 thereby locking the c:lutch plate 16 with respect to the backing plates 19~ and 19b~ The tool 10 has a support plate 20 ~hich is. ~l~pos,ed be~ween h~cking plates lqa and l9b and . rotationa:lly locked with res;pect to plate~ l9a and 19~ b~ a p.lurality of r.:i~et shear pins 25. The plates 16:/~9a, l9b and 20 ,.~ 30 -~y.~e:construc.~ed o~ any ~suita:b.le'materials s'uch as steel plate.
j. - 7 - -~, `
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The rivet shear pins 25 may be of any so~t metal such as aluminum.
The support spring 12 may be o~' a cantilever-type including an upper horizontal portion 22 r a downwardly extending portion 23 and a lower horizontal portion 24 (see Figures I-IV).
" The upper portion 22 of spring 12 may have a pair of openings .
26 defined therein for purposes of attaching the support spring 12 to the support plate 20, for exampler using bolts 27 which extend through corresponding openings in member 11. The lower portion 24 may include an opening 28 for purposes hereinafter described.
Flat support spring 12 may be fabricated fxom spring steel strap matexial of suitable thickness as shown Figure IV. The lower portion 24 may be bent at the juncture with portion 23 so as to provide a slope with respect to the surface being worked '' (see Figure IX). ~ plurality of such support springs 12 are provided around the circumference of the member 11.
Figure V illustrates an alternative spring support 12a which includes an upper horizontal portion 22a~ a downwardly extending portion 23a and a lower horizontal portion 24a. The structure and use of spring support 12a may be substantially J, 20 the same as support 12; however, support 12a further includes an obstruction deflector portion 29a at the ~orward edge of portion 24a. The deflector portion 29a serves to spring the support 12a upwardly and o~er small obstructions which might otherwise permanently dis~ort or break the support 12a.
The cutter 13 may be of an~ desired sh~pe which provides a straight cutting ed~e. CutteX 13 is sho~n in Figuxe ~I as being ~ri~n~ularly shaped. The cuttex 13 may be ..
~,, squ~re,'~hexigon or the'llke. In othex words, the cutter 13 . . .
~ay ha'~e'a pl~ralit~ o~ cu'ttln~ ~ace~, any one of whic~ may ~e ~aced ~o~rdly ln t~e cu~tln~ position. The`~cutter'13 ma~ ~be attached to the spring support 12 such as by a screw 31 :,~
, - 8 -, . ~ . - - - ' :
t~
which extencls through the ope~iny 28 in leaf spriny 12. A
positioning member 30 may ~e pxo~ided between the support spxiny 12 and the carbide cutter 13 to provide orienkation of cutter 13. The positioning member 30 may include a recess in which the cutter may be held thereby maintaining proper orientation of the cutter. In the instance of disc tools, as illustrated in Figures I-IV, the cutting edge of the cutter may lie along a ray extending from the center of the disc. The positioning ~- member may be made integral with the spring support 12 such as by welding, brazing, or the like. The cutter may alternatively be held in proper orientation by provlding a suitable recess in the spring support 12 e.g. by piercing or deforming the ', support 12. orientation of the cutter 13 is important for '~' proper removal of coating material without marring the surface '' ~eing treated. As illustrated in Figure IX, a relief angle~ is provided between the lower surface of cutter 13 and the surface being treated. The relief angle may vary dependiny on the use to which the tool is applied. The relief angle, for example, may be in the range of 1/2 degree to 20 degrees. The rake angle may be in the range of from about -10 degrees- to ~10 degrees.
Ji~ The preferred relief angle is between 1 1/2 and 15 degrees. The preferred rake angle is between ~5 and ~7 degrees. It has been found that the optimum relief angle is between 1 1/2 and 3 ~j degrees whien removing soilaYe from a smooth coated concrete ''''-surface. The optimum xelief angle for xemoval of soilage from ~'A, a rough uncoated concxete surface is between 4 and 10 degxees;
whereas, the opt'imum ~elief aingle for remiov~l of chemically ~ so~tened coating from ~ s~ooth ConiCLete surface is between 3 7 and 15 degrees. The'xake angle'd is the angle between the 1 30 autting face of the cutt-er'13 an~ a line perpendicular to the ,1 - .
~ .
_ g _ , surface bein~ treated. The rake an~le ma~ Vary dependiny on the particula.r sur~ace being treated~ The opti~um r~ke an~le ~ox removin~ soilage ~rom a smoot~ co~ted concrete surface is between 0 and ~5, The optimum xa}ce an~le ~or removin.~ soila~e ~ro~ a rou~h uncoated concrete ~ur~ce is between -5 and ~7.
The optimum rake an~le ~or removin~ ch~mlcally so~tened ~oatiny from a smooth concrete sur~ace ls hetween ~5 and ~5, The cutters may be made of any o~. ~arious ~terlals.su~h as tun~sten carbide, acetal polymer, ~DelrinTM~ and polyc~rbon~te (:Lax~n~M) lQ as well as tool steel.
The cutter 13 may be mounted in any o~ ~rious wa~s : in order to provide proper rake and r~lie~ an~les~ uxes VI-VIII illustrate a sprin~ suppoxt 12b. havin~ a lower horizontal portion 24b with a pierced zone 3Qb pxa~ided with a cuttin~
ed~e such as pla$~a coated cutting suxf~ 13b. The zone 3~b is ', sloped with respect to the floox ~uxf~çe whe~eas the re~inder of horizon~al poxtion 24b is substa~ti~ p~rallel with the floor sur~ace~ The ~lope o~ ZQne 3ab pxovides the desixed xelie~
angle.
Fi~uxe ~X shows a spXin.~ suppoxt 12ç ~ith an entirç
1 lower horizontal portlon 2~c WhiCh ifi ~oped with xe~pçct to the floor sur~ace. The slope o~ hoxizontal portiQn 24c px~vides the desired relie~ an~le ~or ~he cuttex 13c~
Fi~ure ~ show~ a sprin~ support 12d ha~in~ a lo~er horizontal portion 24d Which 1~ parallel ~ith the ~u~face ~ein~
treated~ ~ positionin~ me~bex.3Qd ,is pr.ovided betwee~ th~
cutter 13d and hoxizontal po~tion 24d th~rç~ p~oduc~n~ the - desired relie~ an~le.
~n alterna~ive tool llQ r i~lustxated in ~i~uxes XI
`, 30 and XI~, ls adapted fox use:in conjunction ~ith texr~zzv machines.
\
: The tool 110 ma~ be somewhat slmilar to tool 10 including a : backing plate 11~ with a p:lurality o~ ~adially extendin~ :support sprin~s 112, each o~ which carry a cutter 113. The support ~' springs 112 and cutters 113 as well as their attachment may be ; as described with regard to tool 10. The backing plate 111 ~ may include a plurality of lobes 116. each of which carry a .:~ xoller 117 which is to limit the pressure applied to the support sprinys 112 and cutters 113. In other words, a portion of the weight of the backing plate and the terrazzo machine is supported ' 10 on the rollers 117. The upper surface of the backing plate 111 may be suitably adapted for attachment to the terrazzo machine.
' The tool 210 shown in Figures XIII and XIV include ,' the combination of a plurality of cantilevered flat support , springs 212 with cutters 213 and an abrasive bris-tle disc brush ., `' 211. The bristle disc brush 211 may include a wooden backing ~ disc 219 and a plurality of bristle zones 220. The tool 210 ';' includes a pilot hole 217 and is adapted for standard clutch plates.
'`, A further embodiment 310 of the present invention is shown in Figures XV through XVII. The tool 310 may include a ..
plate 311 which is vexy similar in structure to plate 11 of ;, Figure I. Tool 310, however, has a pluraliky o~ hat section flat spring supports 312. The hat spring supports 312 r as shown .' in Figure XVI, ma~ inc:lude a lower near-horizontal portion 321, a pair of: upwardly extending portions 322 and 323, and a pair ~ of laterally extending,portions 324 and 325. The portion 321 ;~ adjacent the :junc:tuxe of poxtion 321 and 3Z2 c.leaxs the surface '', being trea.ted, for. exa~p.le, by a~out 1/16 inch when in useO
,`, The portion 324 has an opening 326 defined therein and portion 325 has a slot shap~d opening 3Z7 def,ined therein. The sprin~
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,- ~-, . . . .
support 312 may be secured to the plate 3Il by a saXeW or bolt 328 whlch extends thxough opening 326 ~o~ threaded engagement in a suitable opening 340 in plate 311. T~e poxtion 325 of spring support 312 is secuxed to plate 311 for limi-ted movement with respect thereto, ~or example, by extending A
shoulder bolt 329 through the slot opening 327 for engagement in the plate 311. Portion 321 of spring,support 312 may include an opening 331 to facilitate attachment of the cutter 313 such as by use of screw 341.
Another embodiment of the present invention, tool 410 is illustrated in Figures XVIII through XX. In this instance, the disc portion 411 and the radially extending ~lat spring portions 412 are integral. In other words, the tool may be cut from a single resilient disc with a plurality of radially inwardly extending slots 415 defined therein thereby providing the spring support member 412 intermediate such slots. A
cutter 413 may be secured to each of the spring members 412 in the manner previously described. The tool 410 may include a central opening 417 and is suitable for attachment to a machine.
The tool 510 (Figures XXI-XXIII) has a disc support portion 511, the outer portion of which is flexible (i.e. of spring steel) and serves as a spring support ~or the cutters 513.
The tool 510 may include a central opening portion 517 and is adapted for attachment to a disc machine.
The present invention may be applied to,various other types of machlnes, ~or example, as illustrated in Figures XXIV throu~h XXVI, the present inVention m~y be in the ~oxm of ~ cylindxical tool. Fox example, the tool 610 may i'nclude a cylindrical first'member 611 with a plurality of hat section spring supports 612 mounted thereon. The hat section ~L~3~
spxing supports ma~ e~tend substantially the full width of the cylinder mem~er 611 and include a lower horizontal portion 621, a pair of upwardly extending portions 622 and 623 and a pair of tanyential portions 624 and 625. The hat section spring members may be sui~able secured to the cylinder 611 such as by shoulder bolt 528 in such a manner that one edge of the ` spxing support 612 (e.g. portion 625) is locked with respect to cylinder 611 by the shoulder bolt 628, whereas, the other portion 624 is permitted to move somewhat with respect to the ' 10 shoulder bolt 628. The spring support 612 carries a cutter 613 which is secured to spring support 612 by screw 629. The tool 610, if desired, may include brush bristles or paddles in a manner similar to tool 210.
Tool 710 (Figure XI) includes a drum portion 711, a plurality of spring supports 712 carrying a plurality of cutters 713. In this instance, the spring support member 712 may be in the form of a resilient loop which attach to cylinder 711 by a bolt 728. ~at spxing support 712 may have a stabilizing flange 712a with a locking tip 712b which rests in a slot 711c in drum 711. The spring supports 712 may alternatively be held in place by locating the support 712 partially within a recess in the drum 711 such by using a corrugated drum. The cutter 713 may be secured to the spring support 712 by screw 729.
The tool o~ the present invention may be used on various commercially available machines. The tools 10, 210 and 3I0 may be used on con~entional hand opexated floor buffing machines. The tools 10, 210 and 310 are also suitable for use on ~alk behlnd or rider ~loor auto disc scru~bexs. The tools 410 and 510 may be used on typical hand held sanding or grinding machines, as weIl as, on hand held edging machines. The tool :.
110 may be used on floor finishing or texrazzo machines. The tools 610 and 710 may be used on walk behind or rider sur~ace scaxif.iex machines.
Although several prefer:r.ed embodiments o~ the present invention have ~een disclosed herein, it is to be recognized that various modi~i.cations may be made without departing from the broader scope of the presenk invention. For example, cantilever type spring supports, hat section type spring supports and oval type spring supports have been 10 speci~ically illustrated but it is to be recognized that other types of spring supports may alternatively be used. The flat spring supports may each carry a single cutter or a plurality of cutters.
)
The pxesent invention relates to scarifyin~ machines and more particularly to scarifying machlnes which carry a plurality of cutters.
A long standing problem in industrial floor maintenance has been the removal of tough and gummy soilages as well as the removal of floor coating materials. Such matexials typically include petroleum deposits, food residues, dust and other soil materials, spills, paints and plastic xesins. Over the years, many methods ha~e been employed for the removal of such materials.
The methods have included the use of heavy duty powered round ; wire and butcher wire brushes, brushes with abrasive particles embedded in nylon bristles, automatic scrubbing machines which may use multiple soaking passes, open woven metallic sand papers, free abrasive scouring, light aggressive scarifying tools as well as harsh chemical removers that dissolve and suspend materials.
The known methods have certain disadvantages. For example, the known methods generally require excessive amounts of power and may damage the surface of the floor. The known methods and equipment generally have high wear thus requiring ~requent tool replacement. Also, the known methods generally require specialized machines which are not always available. Moreover, such known methods tend to be slow and inefficient. The chemical removers may requixe toxic chemicals and generally produce hazardous conditions on the floo~s due to the wet slippery nature. ~;
~ The known methods typ~cally xesult in demanding and unpleasant i woxk~
Pxevious methods ~ox ~atexial xemoYal have been o~
two gene~al type~, na~eIy, the wet` methods and the dryi methods.
I 30 The wet` me~hods typicall~ xequixe application o~ higAly alkaline ~ I , , ~t ~1 .
~ ~ 3t7~
or solvent based chemicals to so~ten, lift or dissolve the material. Illustrative of such sol~ent based chemicals is a ; commercially available product sold under the trademark Tennant 509. The chemical solvent is spread over the floor surface and allowed to react fox a period of up to about one hour. Hand-scrapers are used to remove and collect the lifted material in the form of a wet sludge. The sludge is shoveled into drums for remote disposal at a site appropriate for disposal of hazardous materials. This process may be repeated to remove multiple layers of coatings. The surface may then be power sanded or dry abraded with an abrasive bristle brush. The sur~ace is, subse~uently/ wet scrubbed.
The dry methods are illustrated by use of stiff wire brushes in such machines as the Tennant Models "Rl' and "K-4".
Such equipment may use steel brushes or tools containing rows of hardened metal star-shaped washers to remove difficult soilage buildups and coatings. The dry methods would also include sand blasting or powered sanding techniques. U.S. Patent No. 2,769,626 (Becker) shows a device for dry removing linoleum asphalt tile.
The device has vertical removable flared tubing cutters around its periphery. U.S. Patent No. 3,687,532 (Boyd) shows a disc device including many thin vertical discs attached around the periphery of the disc. U.S. Patent No. 3,3~7,596 (Brejcha) shows a sur~acing machine for terrazzo 100rs including riyidly held but removable cutting elements made of tungsten carbide. The cutting elements have negative axial rake that achieves longer tool life.
The cutters cut through a surface contour to level or plane instead of following the surface in preparation ~or surface smoothing operation.
.
:~' 37'7~L
Illus-trative of cylindrical -tools used to remove a gummy or soEtened material from a permanent hard surface are disclosed in V.S. Patent Nos. 1, 616/895, 1,721,266 and 3,061,860. The known methods and tools are expensive and require large power sources, are slow and inefficient in their operation, have generally short lives, tend to clog with removed materials and often permanently scar or damage the floor surface.
The present invention overcomes those problems in-herent in previous methods and tools. For example, a person removing material by hand-scraping can cover about 50 square feet per hour; whereas, a machine using the present tool may cover between 2500 and 3000 fee-t per hour. The present tool has a long life and is non-clogging. The present tool will cut through and scrape off gummy, softened materials at their inter-face with a permanent surface, such as a concrete floor, without causing damage to the permanent surface. The present tool is low in power consumption, is suitable for scraping off chemically treated, heated or otherwise softened coa-tings or grime and yet the operator is permitted to work on a safe dry surface. Use of the present tool permits use or selection of chemicals which are non-hazardous or do not result in disposal problems.
STATEMENT OF THE INVENTION
The present invention provides a tool for removing built-up layers of soilage or coatings from surfaces including -~
a first support means adapted for attachment to a rotary power machine, second support means, comprising a multiplicity of radially-extending elongated resilient spring m`embers, mounted on the first support means and removable cutter means mounted on the second support means. The first and second support - ~37'7~L~
;
means and cutter means and combina-tion serve to at least par-tially support the rotary power machine on the surface from which the soilage or coatings are being removed, and the cutter means is resiliently supported with respect to the first support means by the second support means.
In one aspect, the first support means may be a disc structure. The second support means may be a strap spring member which includes means providing sloped moun-ting of the cutter means thereby producing a relief angle for the cutter. The second support means may also be a cantilever strap member.
In a further aspect of the invention~ the invention includes support means including means for attaching the tool to a rotary driving machine, backing plate means and support plate means. The attaching means is locked with respect to the backing plate means and the support plate means is releasably locked with respect to the backing plate means by shear means. In this aspect of the invention, the flat spring means are secured to the support plate means and cutter means are secured to the flat spring means and are resiliently supported by the spring means with respect to the backing plate means.
In a further aspect of the invention, the first support means may comprise plate means, and the second support means may comprise a multiplicity of flat spring members mounted on the plate means extending radially outwardly and thereby resiliently supporting removable cutter means mounted on the I flat spring members with respect to the plate means. The flat j spring members and the cutter means in combination are adapted to support the tool on a surface from which the soilage or coatings are being removed. In this aspect, the cutter means ~ ~37~7~D~
may have a forwardly facing straight cutti.ng edge and may be composed of carbide. The cutter may be -triangularly shaped to provide a plurality of cutting edges. The tool may also include a positioning member secured to the flat spring means which serves to lock the cutter in cutti.ng position.
. In a further aspect of the invention, the flat spring means may consist of a plurali-ty of can-tilever fla-t spring members, each of the members includiny an obs-truction deflector. Each of the cantilever flat spring members may also include a sloped portion for providing proper relief angle for the cutter. The cutter means may include a forwardly facing substantially straight cutting edge.
IN THE DRAWINGS
!
~~ Figure I isa perspective view of one embodiment j:, of the present invention;
Figure II is a bottom plan view of the embodiment of Figure I;
Figure III is a cross-sectional view taken alony the line III-III in Figure II;
Figure IV is an enlarged view of a cutter support ;~ spring and cutter of the embodiment of Figure I;
. Figure V shows an alternative support spring and cutter;
Figure VI is a perspective view of another alternative support spring and cutter;
Figure VII is an end view of the support spring and cutter of Figure VI;
I
1 .
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Figure V~I~ .is a front view o~ the embodiment of Figure VI;
: Figure IX is an end view of one support spring and cutter from Figure II;
Figure X is a view similar to Figure IX, however, showing an alternative mounting arrangement for the cutter;
Figure XI illustrates another embodiment of the present invention in which the tool includes roller suppoxts;
Figure XII is a fragmentary side view of the embodiment of Figure XI;
, Figure XIII shows an embodiment of the present invention in which the tool includes brush structure;
``.!~ Figure XIV shows a side view of the embodiment of Figure XIII;
. Figure XV shows an embodiment of the present invention in which the springs are of a hat-section strap support;
Figure XVI is an enlarged perspective view of the strap support of Figure XV;
' Figure XVII is a fragmentary side view o~ the embodiment ..~ 20 of Figure XV; ~.
~. Figure XVIII is a further embodiment o~ the present ;;~ invention in which the strap spring supports are an integral ~. poxtion o~ the basic :support member;
;~, .Figure XIX is a cross sectional view taken along the line XIX-XIX in Figure XVIII;
Figure XX is a fragmentary side view of the embodiment .-:
':3 of Figure XVIII taken along the line XX-XX;
.~ Figu~e XXI is a :furthex embodiment o~ the present invention in whlch the.cutters are suppor.ted on a flexible disc;
,j :
~, :
~ 6 -. .... ..
, ~, , , . .
Figure XXII is a cross sectional.v,iew taken along ~'! the line XXII-XXII in Flgure'XXI;
,: Figure XXIII is a ~ragmentary slde view o~ the embodiment of Figure XXI taken a:Long the line XXIII-XXIII;
. ~'igures XXI~ through XXVI axe views o~ embodiments : of the present invention including a cylinder having hat-section straps supports mounted thereon; and '~, Figures XXVII through XXIX are ~,iews o~ an embodiment ~ ~ .
~ in which the first support member is cylindrical in shape and ,.
, 10 the strap spring supports are in the ~orm o~ loops with cutters ', mounted thereon.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PRESENT INVENTION
, The tool 10 of the present invention may be used in . ,j conjunction with any of various disc floor cleaning machines.
`............ The scarifying tool 10 (Figures I~ may include a first support member or disc 11 and a plurality of radially extending .. ; .~ .
flat support spring members 12, each of which carry at least ~:: one cutter blade 13. The disc support member 11 may include a clutch plate 16 suitable for engagement with the drive member of '.
the floor machine and will generally include an open center portion 17 and,suitahle locking portion, such as 18, for engagement with ''" the floor machine. The disc support member 11 includes a pair ,~ of backing plates l9a and l9b. The clutch plate 16 may be secured to the backing pl~tes l9a and l9b, ~or example, by screws `:,'`. 21 thereby locking the c:lutch plate 16 with respect to the backing plates 19~ and 19b~ The tool 10 has a support plate 20 ~hich is. ~l~pos,ed be~ween h~cking plates lqa and l9b and . rotationa:lly locked with res;pect to plate~ l9a and 19~ b~ a p.lurality of r.:i~et shear pins 25. The plates 16:/~9a, l9b and 20 ,.~ 30 -~y.~e:construc.~ed o~ any ~suita:b.le'materials s'uch as steel plate.
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The rivet shear pins 25 may be of any so~t metal such as aluminum.
The support spring 12 may be o~' a cantilever-type including an upper horizontal portion 22 r a downwardly extending portion 23 and a lower horizontal portion 24 (see Figures I-IV).
" The upper portion 22 of spring 12 may have a pair of openings .
26 defined therein for purposes of attaching the support spring 12 to the support plate 20, for exampler using bolts 27 which extend through corresponding openings in member 11. The lower portion 24 may include an opening 28 for purposes hereinafter described.
Flat support spring 12 may be fabricated fxom spring steel strap matexial of suitable thickness as shown Figure IV. The lower portion 24 may be bent at the juncture with portion 23 so as to provide a slope with respect to the surface being worked '' (see Figure IX). ~ plurality of such support springs 12 are provided around the circumference of the member 11.
Figure V illustrates an alternative spring support 12a which includes an upper horizontal portion 22a~ a downwardly extending portion 23a and a lower horizontal portion 24a. The structure and use of spring support 12a may be substantially J, 20 the same as support 12; however, support 12a further includes an obstruction deflector portion 29a at the ~orward edge of portion 24a. The deflector portion 29a serves to spring the support 12a upwardly and o~er small obstructions which might otherwise permanently dis~ort or break the support 12a.
The cutter 13 may be of an~ desired sh~pe which provides a straight cutting ed~e. CutteX 13 is sho~n in Figuxe ~I as being ~ri~n~ularly shaped. The cuttex 13 may be ..
~,, squ~re,'~hexigon or the'llke. In othex words, the cutter 13 . . .
~ay ha'~e'a pl~ralit~ o~ cu'ttln~ ~ace~, any one of whic~ may ~e ~aced ~o~rdly ln t~e cu~tln~ position. The`~cutter'13 ma~ ~be attached to the spring support 12 such as by a screw 31 :,~
, - 8 -, . ~ . - - - ' :
t~
which extencls through the ope~iny 28 in leaf spriny 12. A
positioning member 30 may ~e pxo~ided between the support spxiny 12 and the carbide cutter 13 to provide orienkation of cutter 13. The positioning member 30 may include a recess in which the cutter may be held thereby maintaining proper orientation of the cutter. In the instance of disc tools, as illustrated in Figures I-IV, the cutting edge of the cutter may lie along a ray extending from the center of the disc. The positioning ~- member may be made integral with the spring support 12 such as by welding, brazing, or the like. The cutter may alternatively be held in proper orientation by provlding a suitable recess in the spring support 12 e.g. by piercing or deforming the ', support 12. orientation of the cutter 13 is important for '~' proper removal of coating material without marring the surface '' ~eing treated. As illustrated in Figure IX, a relief angle~ is provided between the lower surface of cutter 13 and the surface being treated. The relief angle may vary dependiny on the use to which the tool is applied. The relief angle, for example, may be in the range of 1/2 degree to 20 degrees. The rake angle may be in the range of from about -10 degrees- to ~10 degrees.
Ji~ The preferred relief angle is between 1 1/2 and 15 degrees. The preferred rake angle is between ~5 and ~7 degrees. It has been found that the optimum relief angle is between 1 1/2 and 3 ~j degrees whien removing soilaYe from a smooth coated concrete ''''-surface. The optimum xelief angle for xemoval of soilage from ~'A, a rough uncoated concxete surface is between 4 and 10 degxees;
whereas, the opt'imum ~elief aingle for remiov~l of chemically ~ so~tened coating from ~ s~ooth ConiCLete surface is between 3 7 and 15 degrees. The'xake angle'd is the angle between the 1 30 autting face of the cutt-er'13 an~ a line perpendicular to the ,1 - .
~ .
_ g _ , surface bein~ treated. The rake an~le ma~ Vary dependiny on the particula.r sur~ace being treated~ The opti~um r~ke an~le ~ox removin~ soilage ~rom a smoot~ co~ted concrete surface is between 0 and ~5, The optimum xa}ce an~le ~or removin.~ soila~e ~ro~ a rou~h uncoated concrete ~ur~ce is between -5 and ~7.
The optimum rake an~le ~or removin~ ch~mlcally so~tened ~oatiny from a smooth concrete sur~ace ls hetween ~5 and ~5, The cutters may be made of any o~. ~arious ~terlals.su~h as tun~sten carbide, acetal polymer, ~DelrinTM~ and polyc~rbon~te (:Lax~n~M) lQ as well as tool steel.
The cutter 13 may be mounted in any o~ ~rious wa~s : in order to provide proper rake and r~lie~ an~les~ uxes VI-VIII illustrate a sprin~ suppoxt 12b. havin~ a lower horizontal portion 24b with a pierced zone 3Qb pxa~ided with a cuttin~
ed~e such as pla$~a coated cutting suxf~ 13b. The zone 3~b is ', sloped with respect to the floox ~uxf~çe whe~eas the re~inder of horizon~al poxtion 24b is substa~ti~ p~rallel with the floor sur~ace~ The ~lope o~ ZQne 3ab pxovides the desixed xelie~
angle.
Fi~uxe ~X shows a spXin.~ suppoxt 12ç ~ith an entirç
1 lower horizontal portlon 2~c WhiCh ifi ~oped with xe~pçct to the floor sur~ace. The slope o~ hoxizontal portiQn 24c px~vides the desired relie~ an~le ~or ~he cuttex 13c~
Fi~ure ~ show~ a sprin~ support 12d ha~in~ a lo~er horizontal portion 24d Which 1~ parallel ~ith the ~u~face ~ein~
treated~ ~ positionin~ me~bex.3Qd ,is pr.ovided betwee~ th~
cutter 13d and hoxizontal po~tion 24d th~rç~ p~oduc~n~ the - desired relie~ an~le.
~n alterna~ive tool llQ r i~lustxated in ~i~uxes XI
`, 30 and XI~, ls adapted fox use:in conjunction ~ith texr~zzv machines.
\
: The tool 110 ma~ be somewhat slmilar to tool 10 including a : backing plate 11~ with a p:lurality o~ ~adially extendin~ :support sprin~s 112, each o~ which carry a cutter 113. The support ~' springs 112 and cutters 113 as well as their attachment may be ; as described with regard to tool 10. The backing plate 111 ~ may include a plurality of lobes 116. each of which carry a .:~ xoller 117 which is to limit the pressure applied to the support sprinys 112 and cutters 113. In other words, a portion of the weight of the backing plate and the terrazzo machine is supported ' 10 on the rollers 117. The upper surface of the backing plate 111 may be suitably adapted for attachment to the terrazzo machine.
' The tool 210 shown in Figures XIII and XIV include ,' the combination of a plurality of cantilevered flat support , springs 212 with cutters 213 and an abrasive bris-tle disc brush ., `' 211. The bristle disc brush 211 may include a wooden backing ~ disc 219 and a plurality of bristle zones 220. The tool 210 ';' includes a pilot hole 217 and is adapted for standard clutch plates.
'`, A further embodiment 310 of the present invention is shown in Figures XV through XVII. The tool 310 may include a ..
plate 311 which is vexy similar in structure to plate 11 of ;, Figure I. Tool 310, however, has a pluraliky o~ hat section flat spring supports 312. The hat spring supports 312 r as shown .' in Figure XVI, ma~ inc:lude a lower near-horizontal portion 321, a pair of: upwardly extending portions 322 and 323, and a pair ~ of laterally extending,portions 324 and 325. The portion 321 ;~ adjacent the :junc:tuxe of poxtion 321 and 3Z2 c.leaxs the surface '', being trea.ted, for. exa~p.le, by a~out 1/16 inch when in useO
,`, The portion 324 has an opening 326 defined therein and portion 325 has a slot shap~d opening 3Z7 def,ined therein. The sprin~
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,- ~-, . . . .
support 312 may be secured to the plate 3Il by a saXeW or bolt 328 whlch extends thxough opening 326 ~o~ threaded engagement in a suitable opening 340 in plate 311. T~e poxtion 325 of spring support 312 is secuxed to plate 311 for limi-ted movement with respect thereto, ~or example, by extending A
shoulder bolt 329 through the slot opening 327 for engagement in the plate 311. Portion 321 of spring,support 312 may include an opening 331 to facilitate attachment of the cutter 313 such as by use of screw 341.
Another embodiment of the present invention, tool 410 is illustrated in Figures XVIII through XX. In this instance, the disc portion 411 and the radially extending ~lat spring portions 412 are integral. In other words, the tool may be cut from a single resilient disc with a plurality of radially inwardly extending slots 415 defined therein thereby providing the spring support member 412 intermediate such slots. A
cutter 413 may be secured to each of the spring members 412 in the manner previously described. The tool 410 may include a central opening 417 and is suitable for attachment to a machine.
The tool 510 (Figures XXI-XXIII) has a disc support portion 511, the outer portion of which is flexible (i.e. of spring steel) and serves as a spring support ~or the cutters 513.
The tool 510 may include a central opening portion 517 and is adapted for attachment to a disc machine.
The present invention may be applied to,various other types of machlnes, ~or example, as illustrated in Figures XXIV throu~h XXVI, the present inVention m~y be in the ~oxm of ~ cylindxical tool. Fox example, the tool 610 may i'nclude a cylindrical first'member 611 with a plurality of hat section spring supports 612 mounted thereon. The hat section ~L~3~
spxing supports ma~ e~tend substantially the full width of the cylinder mem~er 611 and include a lower horizontal portion 621, a pair of upwardly extending portions 622 and 623 and a pair of tanyential portions 624 and 625. The hat section spring members may be sui~able secured to the cylinder 611 such as by shoulder bolt 528 in such a manner that one edge of the ` spxing support 612 (e.g. portion 625) is locked with respect to cylinder 611 by the shoulder bolt 628, whereas, the other portion 624 is permitted to move somewhat with respect to the ' 10 shoulder bolt 628. The spring support 612 carries a cutter 613 which is secured to spring support 612 by screw 629. The tool 610, if desired, may include brush bristles or paddles in a manner similar to tool 210.
Tool 710 (Figure XI) includes a drum portion 711, a plurality of spring supports 712 carrying a plurality of cutters 713. In this instance, the spring support member 712 may be in the form of a resilient loop which attach to cylinder 711 by a bolt 728. ~at spxing support 712 may have a stabilizing flange 712a with a locking tip 712b which rests in a slot 711c in drum 711. The spring supports 712 may alternatively be held in place by locating the support 712 partially within a recess in the drum 711 such by using a corrugated drum. The cutter 713 may be secured to the spring support 712 by screw 729.
The tool o~ the present invention may be used on various commercially available machines. The tools 10, 210 and 3I0 may be used on con~entional hand opexated floor buffing machines. The tools 10, 210 and 310 are also suitable for use on ~alk behlnd or rider ~loor auto disc scru~bexs. The tools 410 and 510 may be used on typical hand held sanding or grinding machines, as weIl as, on hand held edging machines. The tool :.
110 may be used on floor finishing or texrazzo machines. The tools 610 and 710 may be used on walk behind or rider sur~ace scaxif.iex machines.
Although several prefer:r.ed embodiments o~ the present invention have ~een disclosed herein, it is to be recognized that various modi~i.cations may be made without departing from the broader scope of the presenk invention. For example, cantilever type spring supports, hat section type spring supports and oval type spring supports have been 10 speci~ically illustrated but it is to be recognized that other types of spring supports may alternatively be used. The flat spring supports may each carry a single cutter or a plurality of cutters.
)
Claims (23)
1. A tool suitable for removing built-up layers of soilage or coatings from surfaces, said tool comprising:
first support means adapted for attachment to a rotary power machine;
second support means mounted on said first support means, said second support means comprising a multiplicity of radially-extending elongated resilient spring members; and removable cutter means mounted on said second support means;
said first support means, second support means and cutter means in combination serving to at least partially support said rotary power machine on said surface, said cutter means being resiliently supported with respect to said first support means by said second support means.
first support means adapted for attachment to a rotary power machine;
second support means mounted on said first support means, said second support means comprising a multiplicity of radially-extending elongated resilient spring members; and removable cutter means mounted on said second support means;
said first support means, second support means and cutter means in combination serving to at least partially support said rotary power machine on said surface, said cutter means being resiliently supported with respect to said first support means by said second support means.
2. The tool of claim 1 wherein said first support means comprise a disc structure.
3. The tool of claim 1 wherein said second support means comprise a strap spring member and wherein said strap spring member includes means providing sloped mounting of said cutter means thereby producing a relief angle for said cutter.
4. The tool of claim 1 wherein said second support means comprise a cantilever strap member and wherein said strap member includes means providing sloped mounting of said cutter means thereby producing a relief angle for said cutter.
5. A tool for removing soilage or coatings, said tool comprising:
support means including means for attaching said tool to a rotary driving machine, backing plate means and support plate means, said attaching means being locked with respect to said backing plate means and said support plate means being releasably locked with respect to said backing plate means by shear means;
flat spring means secured to said support plate means; and cutter means secured to said flat spring means, said cutter means being resiliently supported by said spring means with respect to said backing plate means.
support means including means for attaching said tool to a rotary driving machine, backing plate means and support plate means, said attaching means being locked with respect to said backing plate means and said support plate means being releasably locked with respect to said backing plate means by shear means;
flat spring means secured to said support plate means; and cutter means secured to said flat spring means, said cutter means being resiliently supported by said spring means with respect to said backing plate means.
6. The tool of claim 5 wherein said support plate means is locked with respect to said backing plate means by replaceable shear pin means.
7. The tool of claim 5 wherein said flat spring means comprise a plurality of radially-extending cantilever strap spring means, each of said cantilever means carrying at least one of said cutter means.
8. A tool for removing soilage or coatings, said tool comprising:
a multiplicity of flat spring members and removable cutter means mounted on said flat spring members;
support means extending radially outwardly including plate means; said flat spring members being mounted on said plate means extending radially outwardly thereby resiliently supporting said cutter means with res-pect to said plate means, said flat spring members and said cutter means in combination being adapted to support said tool on a surface from which said soilage or coatings are being removed.
a multiplicity of flat spring members and removable cutter means mounted on said flat spring members;
support means extending radially outwardly including plate means; said flat spring members being mounted on said plate means extending radially outwardly thereby resiliently supporting said cutter means with res-pect to said plate means, said flat spring members and said cutter means in combination being adapted to support said tool on a surface from which said soilage or coatings are being removed.
9. The tool of claim 8 wherein said plate means comprise a disc-like plate member.
10. The tool of claim 8 wherein said cutter means comprise a cutter having a forwardly facing straight cutting edge.
11. The tool of claim 10 wherein said cutting means comprise carbide cutters.
12. The tool of claim 10 wherein said cutter has a plurality of straight cutting edges.
13. The tool of claim 12 wherein said cutter is triangularly shaped to provide a plurality of cutting edges.
14. The tool of claim 12 wherein said tool includes a positioning member, said member being secured to said flat spring means and said member serving to lock said cutter in cutting position.
15. The tool of claim 12 wherein said flat spring means includes a recess and wherein a portion of said cutter lies in cutting position.
16. A tool for removing soilage or coatings, said tool comprising:
flat spring means and cutter means mounted on said flat spring means;
support means including plate means, said flat spring means being mounted on said plate means extend-ing radially outwardly thereby resiliently supporting said cutter means with respect to said plate means, said cutter means having a relief angle in the range of from 1/2 to 20 degrees.
flat spring means and cutter means mounted on said flat spring means;
support means including plate means, said flat spring means being mounted on said plate means extend-ing radially outwardly thereby resiliently supporting said cutter means with respect to said plate means, said cutter means having a relief angle in the range of from 1/2 to 20 degrees.
17. A tool for removing soilage or coatings, said tool comprising:
flat spring means and cutter means mounted on said flat spring means;
support means including plate means, said flat spring means being mounted on said plate means extending radially outwardly thereby resiliently supporting said cutter means with respect to said plate means, said cutter means having a rake angle of from -10 to +10 degrees.
flat spring means and cutter means mounted on said flat spring means;
support means including plate means, said flat spring means being mounted on said plate means extending radially outwardly thereby resiliently supporting said cutter means with respect to said plate means, said cutter means having a rake angle of from -10 to +10 degrees.
18. A tool for removing soilage or coatings, said tool comprising:
flat spring means and cutter means mounted on said flat spring means;
support means including plate means, said flat spring means being mounted on said plate means extending radially outwardly thereby resiliently supporting said cutter means with respect to said plate means, said cutter means having a relief angle of between 1-1/2 and 15 degrees.
flat spring means and cutter means mounted on said flat spring means;
support means including plate means, said flat spring means being mounted on said plate means extending radially outwardly thereby resiliently supporting said cutter means with respect to said plate means, said cutter means having a relief angle of between 1-1/2 and 15 degrees.
19. A tool for removing soilage or coatings, said tool comprising:
flat spring means and cutter means mounted on said flat spring means;
support means including plate means, said flat spring means being mounted on said plate means extend-ing radially outwardly thereby resiliently supporting said cutter means with respect to said plate means, said cutter means having a rake angle of between -5 and +7 degrees.
flat spring means and cutter means mounted on said flat spring means;
support means including plate means, said flat spring means being mounted on said plate means extend-ing radially outwardly thereby resiliently supporting said cutter means with respect to said plate means, said cutter means having a rake angle of between -5 and +7 degrees.
20. A tool for removing soilage or coatings, said tool comprising:
flat spring means and cutter means mounted on said flat spring means;
support means including plate means, said flat spring means being mounted on said plate means extending radially outwardly thereby resiliently supporting said cutter means with respect to said plate means, said flat spring means comprising a plurality of cantilever flat spring members, each of said members including an obstruction deflector.
flat spring means and cutter means mounted on said flat spring means;
support means including plate means, said flat spring means being mounted on said plate means extending radially outwardly thereby resiliently supporting said cutter means with respect to said plate means, said flat spring means comprising a plurality of cantilever flat spring members, each of said members including an obstruction deflector.
21. A tool for removing soilage or coatings, said tool comprising:
flat spring means and cutter means mounted on said flat spring means;
support means including plate means, said flat spring means being mounted on said plate means extending radially outwardly thereby resiliently supporting said cutting means with respect to said plate means, said flat spring means comprising a plurality of cantilever flat spring members, each of said members including a sloped portion for providing proper relief angle for said cutter.
flat spring means and cutter means mounted on said flat spring means;
support means including plate means, said flat spring means being mounted on said plate means extending radially outwardly thereby resiliently supporting said cutting means with respect to said plate means, said flat spring means comprising a plurality of cantilever flat spring members, each of said members including a sloped portion for providing proper relief angle for said cutter.
22. A tool for removing soilage or coatings, said tool comprising:
support means including plate means;
a plurality of cantilever flat spring members mounted on said plate means, each of said spring members including an obstruction deflector; and cutter means mounted on each of said spring members, said cutter means each including a forwardly facing substantially straight cutting edge whereby said cutter means are resiliently supported with respect to said plate means by said spring members.
support means including plate means;
a plurality of cantilever flat spring members mounted on said plate means, each of said spring members including an obstruction deflector; and cutter means mounted on each of said spring members, said cutter means each including a forwardly facing substantially straight cutting edge whereby said cutter means are resiliently supported with respect to said plate means by said spring members.
23. A tool for removing soilage or coatings, said tool comprising:
support means including plate means;
a plurality of cantilever flat spring members mounted at one end on said plate means;
a positioning member secured to each flat spring member at the other end thereof; and cutter means mounted on said other end of said spring members, said cutter means including a forwardly facing substantially straight cutting edge being along a ray extending from the center of said plate means, said positioning member serving to orient said cutter means to a relief angle of between 1/2 and 20 degrees and a rake angle of between -10° and +10°.
support means including plate means;
a plurality of cantilever flat spring members mounted at one end on said plate means;
a positioning member secured to each flat spring member at the other end thereof; and cutter means mounted on said other end of said spring members, said cutter means including a forwardly facing substantially straight cutting edge being along a ray extending from the center of said plate means, said positioning member serving to orient said cutter means to a relief angle of between 1/2 and 20 degrees and a rake angle of between -10° and +10°.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US05/928,685 US4295274A (en) | 1978-07-27 | 1978-07-27 | Scarifying machine |
| US928,685 | 1978-07-27 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1137714A true CA1137714A (en) | 1982-12-21 |
Family
ID=25456601
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000332669A Expired CA1137714A (en) | 1978-07-27 | 1979-07-27 | Scarifying machine |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4295274A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1137714A (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US4592108A (en) * | 1983-01-03 | 1986-06-03 | Tennant Company | Tool and method for scarifying a surface |
| US4758050A (en) * | 1984-07-06 | 1988-07-19 | Equipment Development Co., Inc. | Stripping machine cutter finger assembly |
| US4668017A (en) * | 1984-07-06 | 1987-05-26 | Peterson Clayton R | Stripping machine |
| GB8529158D0 (en) * | 1985-11-27 | 1986-01-02 | Product & Dev Network For Nort | Wall covering stripper |
| US4843768A (en) * | 1986-12-01 | 1989-07-04 | B & J Manufacturing Company | Abrading apparatus and process for making the same |
| US4975001A (en) * | 1990-01-22 | 1990-12-04 | Rabo Frederick N | Plastic pipe reboring tool |
| US5081734A (en) * | 1990-10-09 | 1992-01-21 | The Re Partnership | Floor scraping machine |
| US5275470A (en) * | 1992-10-27 | 1994-01-04 | Prodigy Products, Inc. | Scraping device for powered stone floor dressing unit |
| FR2725932B1 (en) * | 1994-10-20 | 1997-01-10 | Lyon Agregats | TOOLS ADAPTABLE TO THE END OF THE ARTICULATED ARM OF A PUBLIC WORKS MACHINE AND PROVIDING THE FINISHING OF WALLS, ARCHES AND / OR SOILS OF VARIOUS WORKS |
| US5716260A (en) * | 1995-02-03 | 1998-02-10 | Ecolab Inc. | Apparatus and method for cleaning and restoring floor surfaces |
| US6634719B1 (en) | 2001-08-15 | 2003-10-21 | Snotech, Inc. | Ice scruffer |
| US7144194B2 (en) * | 2004-04-22 | 2006-12-05 | Kipp Jr John H | Surface finisher |
| US7954482B2 (en) * | 2004-10-15 | 2011-06-07 | Oldcastle Building Products Canada Inc. | Aging apparatus for aging an artificial stone |
| US20060083589A1 (en) * | 2004-10-15 | 2006-04-20 | Mcclain Clifford | Hand-held power finisher |
| US20070278843A1 (en) * | 2006-05-30 | 2007-12-06 | Popov Georgi M | Surface conditioning attachment |
| US8657384B1 (en) * | 2008-05-15 | 2014-02-25 | King Kutter, Inc. | Track scraper |
| JP2013533126A (en) * | 2010-06-23 | 2013-08-22 | プーフエッガー ウント バイシュタイナー パーケット グロース ウント アインツェルハンデルス ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング | Grinding tool that simultaneously grinds and grinds the floor |
| US8715039B2 (en) * | 2011-11-28 | 2014-05-06 | X'pole Precision Tools Inc. | Machine tool providing a large grinding area |
| US9067655B1 (en) * | 2014-03-03 | 2015-06-30 | John Joseph Fusco | Surf wax grooming tool with radially extending combs |
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| US11384489B2 (en) | 2019-06-17 | 2022-07-12 | Ariel Gerardo Martinez | Scarifier system, and method of resurfacing or remodeling a ground surface using the scarifier system |
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| US1616895A (en) * | 1925-06-27 | 1927-02-08 | Grabowski Romuald | Floor-scraping machine |
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| US3844363A (en) * | 1973-06-11 | 1974-10-29 | E Williams | Drill tool |
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-
1978
- 1978-07-27 US US05/928,685 patent/US4295274A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1979
- 1979-07-27 CA CA000332669A patent/CA1137714A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US4295274A (en) | 1981-10-20 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| MKEX | Expiry |