CA1074939A - Adhesives - Google Patents
AdhesivesInfo
- Publication number
- CA1074939A CA1074939A CA252,506A CA252506A CA1074939A CA 1074939 A CA1074939 A CA 1074939A CA 252506 A CA252506 A CA 252506A CA 1074939 A CA1074939 A CA 1074939A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- composition
- gelling agent
- adhesive
- present
- weight
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000003349 gelling agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002998 adhesive polymer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 125000006702 (C1-C18) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical group C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000881 Modified starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002845 Poly(methacrylic acid) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019426 modified starch Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 229940068984 polyvinyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 235000015424 sodium Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Substances [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 13
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000008040 ionic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009969 flowable effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000181 anti-adherent effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl phthalate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCC DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 fatty acid salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229960004063 propylene glycol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- NQNGNHXEQQLEPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-decylterephthalic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC1=CC(C(O)=O)=CC=C1C(O)=O NQNGNHXEQQLEPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IOOJYTYLRZNRPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-octylterephthalic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC1=CC(C(O)=O)=CC=C1C(O)=O IOOJYTYLRZNRPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VOYVYABBROTKFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-carbamoyl-3-hexylbenzoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCC1=CC(C(O)=O)=CC=C1C(N)=O VOYVYABBROTKFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCCKSLDBZXUWOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-carbamoyl-3-octylbenzoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC1=CC(C(O)=O)=CC=C1C(N)=O ZCCKSLDBZXUWOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl acetate Natural products CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)=O NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Natural products CCC(C)C(C)=O UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007832 Na2SO4 Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002313 adhesive film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940043232 butyl acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002380 dibutyl phthalate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940093499 ethyl acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019439 ethyl acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000015110 jellies Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008274 jelly Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940043265 methyl isobutyl ketone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydroxide Substances [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000005185 salting out Methods 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003503 terephthalic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J5/00—Adhesive processes in general; Adhesive processes not provided for elsewhere, e.g. relating to primers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
- C08K5/20—Carboxylic acid amides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J201/00—Adhesives based on unspecified macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J9/00—Adhesives characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced, e.g. glue sticks
- C09J9/005—Glue sticks
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2666/00—Composition of polymers characterized by a further compound in the blend, being organic macromolecular compounds, natural resins, waxes or and bituminous materials, non-macromolecular organic substances, inorganic substances or characterized by their function in the composition
- C08L2666/28—Non-macromolecular organic substances
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
An improved adhesive composition is disclosed which contains at least one adhesive polymer, at least one non-toxic volatile solvent or liquid dispersant for the adhesive polymer and a gelling agent for the solvent or dispersant in an amount sufficient to reduce the tendency of the solution or dispersion to flow under the influence of gravity, the gelling agent being a salt of a compound of formula (I):-
An improved adhesive composition is disclosed which contains at least one adhesive polymer, at least one non-toxic volatile solvent or liquid dispersant for the adhesive polymer and a gelling agent for the solvent or dispersant in an amount sufficient to reduce the tendency of the solution or dispersion to flow under the influence of gravity, the gelling agent being a salt of a compound of formula (I):-
Description
~074~?39 This ir.vention re~ates to adhesive compositions which contain gelling agents. More particularly the invention relates to self supporting adhesive compositions and to gelled liquid adhesives, the latter having little or no tendency to run or "tail". In the compositions of this invention, the gelling agent is a salt of a monoamide of terephthalic acid.
Adhesive compositions are in widespread industrial, domestic and office use. By their very nature, they can be unpleasant and difficult to handle when used unskillfully. Consequently manufacturers of adhesives, especially for domestic or office ` use, have tried to formulate their compositions so as to make them as convenient as possible to handle and use, and to minimise the risk of accidental spillage on or contact with surfaces other than the work surface.
. 1 In the home or office, by far the most widely used type of ~, adhesive composition has been a solution or dispersion of an ;~ adhesive polymer in a volatile liquid vehicle. Unfortunately, because such compositions are liquid, they are also the most difficult to control in use. They tend to run when applied to . 20 inclined surfaces; they have a tendency to form strands or "tails" when the applicator (usually a squeezable tube or a ,- bottle with a flexible dispensina nozzle) is withdrawn from the work surface; they tend to run out of such applicators when ' left uncapped or otherwise carelessly on the workbench.
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1074~39 Since the majority of the above difficulties arise because the composition is a flowable liquid, attempts have been made to overcome them by thickening or gelling the liquid to the point where it is no longer spontaneously flowable.
5 However, the adhesive properties of a polymer depend quite critically on intimate contact between the two surfaces to be joined and the intermediate polymer film. Any extraneous materials present in the film tend to have an anti-adhesive effect. Hence the proposed addition of a s 10 gelling agent to the uncomplicated basic system of polymer plus volatile solvent is always approached with caution, and with careful evaluation of the effect of the proposed gelling agent on the adhesion characteristics of the composition. Very many of ~he gelling agents used in areas of technology outside the adhesives area are unsuitable, for example because they intrinsically are incompatible ` with the adhesive polymer, or because they must be used in too high a concentration and thus destroy adhesion, or because they adversely affect drying-out time, or because $ 20 they do not gel the solvent system in question.
In spite of these fundamental problems over the choice of a suitable gellant, formulations have been proposed which are in the form of an adhesive stick or crayon which is rubbed onto the work suface, and leave behind an effective adhesive film.
~'''' ... .
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These proposcd adhesive sticks are either dispersions of the adhesive polymer in a waxy solid base or gelled solutions ; or dispersions of the adhesive in a normally liquid vehicle.
The latter cases have normally required at least 10% and S more usually at least 15% of the gellant to achieve the desired stick consistency. In addition, the previously proposed gellants, particularly fatty acid salts have a small but noticeable anti-adhesive effect.
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This invention is based on the discovery that certain derivatives of terephthalic acid can be used in relatively , small quantities to gel solutions or dispersions of adhesive i polymers without a marked anti-adhesive effect.
3 Accordingly, the present invention provides an adhesive composition comprising at least one adhesive polymer, at ~-~ 15 least one non~toxic volatile solvent or liquid dispersant , for the adhesive polymer and a gelling agent for the x~ solvent or dispersant in an amount sufficient to reduce the tendency of the solution or dispersion to flow under the influence of gravity, characterised in that the gelling agent is a salt of a compound of formula (I):-~OOC ~ C0 ~
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.~. .
." .
, - 4 --- -- .
,, ~ . ' ~
.; , :, .
~ ~074939 wherein R is hydrogen or a Cl 18 alkyl group and Rl is a Cl_l8 hydrocarbon group.
Preferably R is hydrogen and Rl is a C4 16 alkyl group.
Suitable salts of the compounds of formula (I) include alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium and substituted ammonium salts. Particularly suitable salts include the sodium, potassium and ammonium salts, the sodium salt being preferred.
Compounds of formula (I) are described and their gellant j 10 properties referred to in Industrial and Engineering 7 ~ Chemistry, Vol. 49, No. 10, October 1957, 1691~1694 and in N.L.G.I. Spokesman, 20, No. 11, February 1957, 10-15. There is nothing in these publications which suggests the use of these compounds in adhesives compositions~
In the compositions of the invention the adhesive polymer may be selected from those conventionally used in the preparation of adhesive sticks and liquid adhesives.
Suitable adhesive polymers include polyvinyl acetate, polyvinylalcohol, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyurethane, polyacrylic acid or polymethacrylic acid of esters thereof, polyacrylamides, methyl cellulose, ethoxylated starch derivativ~s ~nd the like.
~ 5 ~
~ ' i. . . .
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iO749~9 The liquid base present in the compositions o~ the invention will de~end to some ex~ent Oll the identity of the adhesive !polymer to be used, and to some extent on whether the composition is to be in the Eorm of a solld qelled stick or a gelled but flowable liquid. In most cases the liquid ' I
base will be a blend of solvents chosen to give the required drying rate and the required solubility or dispersive characteristics. Water will normally be a major co~ponent of a stick composition, and mixtures of water and lower alcohols such as methanol, ethanol and glycerine are sometimes useful liquid bases for sticks.
' ,For a more flowable composition the liquid ~ase will 'r, l normally be a mixture of solvents of intermediate polarity.
Solvents which have been used in stick and liquid adhesives in the past include water, lower alcohols, low molecular weight esters and ketones. Mixtures of two or more of the following have been used: water, glycerine, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, ethylene glycol, methylacetate, ethylacetate, butyl acetate, dibutylphthalate, cyclohexanone, ~20 acetone, methylethylketone and methylisobutylketone.
.~The choice of solvent will also depend on the gelling agent employed.
:
Long chain compounds of formula (I) ~R1 and/or R~10 carbon atoms) tend to be relatively insoluble in water and non-aqueous solvent systems may be necessary if highly rigid sticks are desired. Short chain compounds (Rl and/or R <3) àre very soluble in water and may therefore be uneconomic in aqueous solvent systems.
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9~, ' .
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., 1C~74~39 Small amounts of emulsifiers or disperslng agents may be necessary in certain cases to ach:Leve a homogeneous mix.
! Normally the compositions of the invention wlll contain 5% to 50%
of the adhesive polymer, usually from 10% to 40% and very often from 15% to 30%.
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' ` 16)74939 The concentration of the gelling agent will be chosen according to the required degree of gelling. Smaller amounts, for example from 0.1 to 2%,will normally be sufficient to gel a liquid adhesive to the point where its tendency to run and "tail" is substantially eliminated. Larger amounts, e.g. from 2.5% to 10~, but sometimes as much as 10 to 25%,may be used in the preparation of adhesive sticks.
1.
We have found that the inclusion of an ionic compound in the compositions of the invention which contain large I amounts of water is beneficial in that it enhances the stability of the composition. Although the mechanism is ,, .
not fully understood, it is believed that the ionic ~ compound produces a certain "salting out" effect which ; 15 increases the gelling temperature. I
.. 1 Suitable ionic compounds for inclusion in such compositions include NaCl, XCl, NH4Cl, Na2SO4 and other stable, water-soluble ionic salts.
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' We have preferred to include sodium chloride in our self-20 supporting adhesive compositions.
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Normally such ionic compounds are present by from 2~ to 15% of the final composition, more usually from 5% to 10%
$ and preferably at about 7~ to 8% by weight of the composition.
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- 107~ 9 The sel~-supportin~adhesive compositions of this invention may be prepared by blending the ingredients and heating (generally to 60-90C) either during or after blending.
If desired or if more convenient the free acid of formula ' 5 (I) above may be converted in situ into the desired salt to act as gelling agent by the addition of a base, such as sodium, potassium or ammonium hydroxide during blending.
When a homogeneous melt has been prepared it may then be left to cool. During cooling it is best to avoid any ;~ 10 substantial agitation of the mixture. Sticks may be ~ made by cooling the mix in moulds.
: .
Alternatively, if as is desirable, an ionic compound is to be included in the composition this may be stirred into the mix already formed by blending and heating the other components of the composition. Frequently the addition of this ionic compound alters the gelling point of the composition and so helps bring about solidification.
::
Once formed adhesive sticks may be incluaed in a , conventional adhesive applicator such as a screw-up lipstick-type dispenser. Alternatively the homogeneous melt may be poured into such an applicator which can thus also serve as the mould in which the melt solidifies.
For other adhesive compositions the heated mix may be filled into collapsible tubes and allowed to cool in situ.
~ 25 The following Exa~ples illustrate the invention:
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.~ - 8 -.. .. . .. . . .... .. . . . ..
.~..................... . .
t 1~74~39 '` , An adhesive of the following composition:
Polyvinylpyrrolidone tMol. Wt. 100000) 20~
Glycerine 10%
Sodium-N-EIexylterephthalic acid amide 5%
NaCl 7-5%
Watex 57.5%
was prepared blending together the warmed components. The mix was poured into moulds and on cooling self-supporting sticks were obtained.
' i~ An adhesive of the following composition:
. . ~
Polyvinylacetate 30%
Ethanol 24%
Water 0.6%
Methanol 9.9%
Methylacetate 35.25%
Sodium N-tn-octyl~ -Terephthalamide 0.25%
100 . 00%
, was prepared by blending the warmed components. The mix r, was filled into collapsible aluminium tubes, and allowed to cool. An extrudable jelly like composition was obtained which was an effective adhesive with little tendency to run and "tail".
s, _ 9 _ : .
An adhesive was prepared according to the following formula:-n-octyl-terephthalic acid amide 7%
Water 52%
Glycerine 10%
Sodium hydroxide (30%) 6%
Polyvinylpyrrolidone 25%
:
The above ingredients were warmed to a temperature of about 80C, the mixture being blended during warming. The free acid is not ~- very soluble in water but gradually reaction with the sodium i hydroxide converts the acid to the soluble sodium and a homogeneousmix is obtained. The mix was poured into moulds and on cooling, " self-supporting adhesive sticks were obtained.
.~
x n-octyl-terephthalic acid amide 3.5%
n-hexyl-terephthalic acid amide 3.5%
Glycerine 15~
Polyvinylpyrrolidone \ 25%
Sodium hydroxide (30%) 4.5%
` Water 48.5%
.~ .
The procedure was as in Example 3.
.~ .
.1 1~37~39 n-octyl-terephthalic acid amide5% t Sodium hydroxide (30%) 5%
1,2 propylene glycol 7%
Glycerine 10%
Polyvinyl alcohol - partially saponified 25%
Water 48%
The procedure was as in Example 3.
n-decyl-terephthalic acid amide3%
1,2 propylene glycol 17% ,~
Polyvinylpyrrolidone 25%
Sodium hydroxide (30%) 5%
Water 50%
The procedure was as in Example 3.
`;
.,, ' , ` - 11-.
Adhesive compositions are in widespread industrial, domestic and office use. By their very nature, they can be unpleasant and difficult to handle when used unskillfully. Consequently manufacturers of adhesives, especially for domestic or office ` use, have tried to formulate their compositions so as to make them as convenient as possible to handle and use, and to minimise the risk of accidental spillage on or contact with surfaces other than the work surface.
. 1 In the home or office, by far the most widely used type of ~, adhesive composition has been a solution or dispersion of an ;~ adhesive polymer in a volatile liquid vehicle. Unfortunately, because such compositions are liquid, they are also the most difficult to control in use. They tend to run when applied to . 20 inclined surfaces; they have a tendency to form strands or "tails" when the applicator (usually a squeezable tube or a ,- bottle with a flexible dispensina nozzle) is withdrawn from the work surface; they tend to run out of such applicators when ' left uncapped or otherwise carelessly on the workbench.
.
, . ~ .
, _ 2 -.,. ~ ` ~
1074~39 Since the majority of the above difficulties arise because the composition is a flowable liquid, attempts have been made to overcome them by thickening or gelling the liquid to the point where it is no longer spontaneously flowable.
5 However, the adhesive properties of a polymer depend quite critically on intimate contact between the two surfaces to be joined and the intermediate polymer film. Any extraneous materials present in the film tend to have an anti-adhesive effect. Hence the proposed addition of a s 10 gelling agent to the uncomplicated basic system of polymer plus volatile solvent is always approached with caution, and with careful evaluation of the effect of the proposed gelling agent on the adhesion characteristics of the composition. Very many of ~he gelling agents used in areas of technology outside the adhesives area are unsuitable, for example because they intrinsically are incompatible ` with the adhesive polymer, or because they must be used in too high a concentration and thus destroy adhesion, or because they adversely affect drying-out time, or because $ 20 they do not gel the solvent system in question.
In spite of these fundamental problems over the choice of a suitable gellant, formulations have been proposed which are in the form of an adhesive stick or crayon which is rubbed onto the work suface, and leave behind an effective adhesive film.
~'''' ... .
.
These proposcd adhesive sticks are either dispersions of the adhesive polymer in a waxy solid base or gelled solutions ; or dispersions of the adhesive in a normally liquid vehicle.
The latter cases have normally required at least 10% and S more usually at least 15% of the gellant to achieve the desired stick consistency. In addition, the previously proposed gellants, particularly fatty acid salts have a small but noticeable anti-adhesive effect.
!
This invention is based on the discovery that certain derivatives of terephthalic acid can be used in relatively , small quantities to gel solutions or dispersions of adhesive i polymers without a marked anti-adhesive effect.
3 Accordingly, the present invention provides an adhesive composition comprising at least one adhesive polymer, at ~-~ 15 least one non~toxic volatile solvent or liquid dispersant , for the adhesive polymer and a gelling agent for the x~ solvent or dispersant in an amount sufficient to reduce the tendency of the solution or dispersion to flow under the influence of gravity, characterised in that the gelling agent is a salt of a compound of formula (I):-~OOC ~ C0 ~
!
'~' .
.~. .
." .
, - 4 --- -- .
,, ~ . ' ~
.; , :, .
~ ~074939 wherein R is hydrogen or a Cl 18 alkyl group and Rl is a Cl_l8 hydrocarbon group.
Preferably R is hydrogen and Rl is a C4 16 alkyl group.
Suitable salts of the compounds of formula (I) include alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium and substituted ammonium salts. Particularly suitable salts include the sodium, potassium and ammonium salts, the sodium salt being preferred.
Compounds of formula (I) are described and their gellant j 10 properties referred to in Industrial and Engineering 7 ~ Chemistry, Vol. 49, No. 10, October 1957, 1691~1694 and in N.L.G.I. Spokesman, 20, No. 11, February 1957, 10-15. There is nothing in these publications which suggests the use of these compounds in adhesives compositions~
In the compositions of the invention the adhesive polymer may be selected from those conventionally used in the preparation of adhesive sticks and liquid adhesives.
Suitable adhesive polymers include polyvinyl acetate, polyvinylalcohol, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyurethane, polyacrylic acid or polymethacrylic acid of esters thereof, polyacrylamides, methyl cellulose, ethoxylated starch derivativ~s ~nd the like.
~ 5 ~
~ ' i. . . .
.~ .
iO749~9 The liquid base present in the compositions o~ the invention will de~end to some ex~ent Oll the identity of the adhesive !polymer to be used, and to some extent on whether the composition is to be in the Eorm of a solld qelled stick or a gelled but flowable liquid. In most cases the liquid ' I
base will be a blend of solvents chosen to give the required drying rate and the required solubility or dispersive characteristics. Water will normally be a major co~ponent of a stick composition, and mixtures of water and lower alcohols such as methanol, ethanol and glycerine are sometimes useful liquid bases for sticks.
' ,For a more flowable composition the liquid ~ase will 'r, l normally be a mixture of solvents of intermediate polarity.
Solvents which have been used in stick and liquid adhesives in the past include water, lower alcohols, low molecular weight esters and ketones. Mixtures of two or more of the following have been used: water, glycerine, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, ethylene glycol, methylacetate, ethylacetate, butyl acetate, dibutylphthalate, cyclohexanone, ~20 acetone, methylethylketone and methylisobutylketone.
.~The choice of solvent will also depend on the gelling agent employed.
:
Long chain compounds of formula (I) ~R1 and/or R~10 carbon atoms) tend to be relatively insoluble in water and non-aqueous solvent systems may be necessary if highly rigid sticks are desired. Short chain compounds (Rl and/or R <3) àre very soluble in water and may therefore be uneconomic in aqueous solvent systems.
. ~ . .
., - .
9~, ' .
. ~ - .
., .
., .
's .~
., 1C~74~39 Small amounts of emulsifiers or disperslng agents may be necessary in certain cases to ach:Leve a homogeneous mix.
! Normally the compositions of the invention wlll contain 5% to 50%
of the adhesive polymer, usually from 10% to 40% and very often from 15% to 30%.
/
;
- 6a -. ' .
' ` 16)74939 The concentration of the gelling agent will be chosen according to the required degree of gelling. Smaller amounts, for example from 0.1 to 2%,will normally be sufficient to gel a liquid adhesive to the point where its tendency to run and "tail" is substantially eliminated. Larger amounts, e.g. from 2.5% to 10~, but sometimes as much as 10 to 25%,may be used in the preparation of adhesive sticks.
1.
We have found that the inclusion of an ionic compound in the compositions of the invention which contain large I amounts of water is beneficial in that it enhances the stability of the composition. Although the mechanism is ,, .
not fully understood, it is believed that the ionic ~ compound produces a certain "salting out" effect which ; 15 increases the gelling temperature. I
.. 1 Suitable ionic compounds for inclusion in such compositions include NaCl, XCl, NH4Cl, Na2SO4 and other stable, water-soluble ionic salts.
.
' We have preferred to include sodium chloride in our self-20 supporting adhesive compositions.
. .
Normally such ionic compounds are present by from 2~ to 15% of the final composition, more usually from 5% to 10%
$ and preferably at about 7~ to 8% by weight of the composition.
~ - 7 -., .
!
- 107~ 9 The sel~-supportin~adhesive compositions of this invention may be prepared by blending the ingredients and heating (generally to 60-90C) either during or after blending.
If desired or if more convenient the free acid of formula ' 5 (I) above may be converted in situ into the desired salt to act as gelling agent by the addition of a base, such as sodium, potassium or ammonium hydroxide during blending.
When a homogeneous melt has been prepared it may then be left to cool. During cooling it is best to avoid any ;~ 10 substantial agitation of the mixture. Sticks may be ~ made by cooling the mix in moulds.
: .
Alternatively, if as is desirable, an ionic compound is to be included in the composition this may be stirred into the mix already formed by blending and heating the other components of the composition. Frequently the addition of this ionic compound alters the gelling point of the composition and so helps bring about solidification.
::
Once formed adhesive sticks may be incluaed in a , conventional adhesive applicator such as a screw-up lipstick-type dispenser. Alternatively the homogeneous melt may be poured into such an applicator which can thus also serve as the mould in which the melt solidifies.
For other adhesive compositions the heated mix may be filled into collapsible tubes and allowed to cool in situ.
~ 25 The following Exa~ples illustrate the invention:
( :
.~ - 8 -.. .. . .. . . .... .. . . . ..
.~..................... . .
t 1~74~39 '` , An adhesive of the following composition:
Polyvinylpyrrolidone tMol. Wt. 100000) 20~
Glycerine 10%
Sodium-N-EIexylterephthalic acid amide 5%
NaCl 7-5%
Watex 57.5%
was prepared blending together the warmed components. The mix was poured into moulds and on cooling self-supporting sticks were obtained.
' i~ An adhesive of the following composition:
. . ~
Polyvinylacetate 30%
Ethanol 24%
Water 0.6%
Methanol 9.9%
Methylacetate 35.25%
Sodium N-tn-octyl~ -Terephthalamide 0.25%
100 . 00%
, was prepared by blending the warmed components. The mix r, was filled into collapsible aluminium tubes, and allowed to cool. An extrudable jelly like composition was obtained which was an effective adhesive with little tendency to run and "tail".
s, _ 9 _ : .
An adhesive was prepared according to the following formula:-n-octyl-terephthalic acid amide 7%
Water 52%
Glycerine 10%
Sodium hydroxide (30%) 6%
Polyvinylpyrrolidone 25%
:
The above ingredients were warmed to a temperature of about 80C, the mixture being blended during warming. The free acid is not ~- very soluble in water but gradually reaction with the sodium i hydroxide converts the acid to the soluble sodium and a homogeneousmix is obtained. The mix was poured into moulds and on cooling, " self-supporting adhesive sticks were obtained.
.~
x n-octyl-terephthalic acid amide 3.5%
n-hexyl-terephthalic acid amide 3.5%
Glycerine 15~
Polyvinylpyrrolidone \ 25%
Sodium hydroxide (30%) 4.5%
` Water 48.5%
.~ .
The procedure was as in Example 3.
.~ .
.1 1~37~39 n-octyl-terephthalic acid amide5% t Sodium hydroxide (30%) 5%
1,2 propylene glycol 7%
Glycerine 10%
Polyvinyl alcohol - partially saponified 25%
Water 48%
The procedure was as in Example 3.
n-decyl-terephthalic acid amide3%
1,2 propylene glycol 17% ,~
Polyvinylpyrrolidone 25%
Sodium hydroxide (30%) 5%
Water 50%
The procedure was as in Example 3.
`;
.,, ' , ` - 11-.
Claims (15)
1. An adhesive composition comprising at least one adhesive polymer, at least one non-toxic volatile solvent or liquid dispersant for the adhesive polymer and a gelling agent for the solvent or dispersant in an amount sufficient to reduce the tendency of the solution or dispersion to flow under the influence of gravity, characterised in that the gelling agent is a salt of a compound of formula (I):- (I) wherein R is hydrogen or a C1-18 alkyl group and R1 is a C1-18 hydrocarbon group.
2. An adhesive composition as claimed in claim 1 wherein the gelling agent is a salt of a compound of formula (I) wherein R is hydrogen and R1 is a C4-16 alkyl group.
3. A composition as claimed in claim 1 wherein the gelling agent is an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium or substituted ammonium salt of a compound of formula (I).
4. A composition as claimed in claim 2 wherein the adhesive polymer is selected from polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl-alcohol, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyurethane, polyacrylic acid or polymethacrylic acid of esters thereof, polyacrylamides, methyl cellulose, and ethoxylated starch derivatives.
5. A composition as claimed in any one of claims 2, 3 or 4 which contains from 5% to 50% by weight of adhesive polymer.
6. A composition as claimed in claims 2, 3 or 4 wherein from 10% to 40% of adhesive polymer is present.
7. A composition as claimed in claims 2, 3 or 4 wherein from 15% to 30% of adhesive polymer is present.
8. A composition as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein the gelling agent is present in an amount of from 0.1%
to 2% by weight.
to 2% by weight.
9. A composition as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein the gelling agent is present in an amount of from 2.5%
to 10% by weight.
to 10% by weight.
10. A composition as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein the gelling agent is present in an amount of from 10%
to 25% by weight.
to 25% by weight.
11. A composition as claimed in claim 1 which includes a water soluble ionic salt.
12. A composition as claimed in claim 11 wherein the ionic salt is sodium, potassium or ammonium chloride or sodium sulphate.
13. A composition as claimed in claim 11 or claim 12 wherein the ionic salt is present in an amount of from 2% to 15% by weight.
14. A composition as claimed in claim 11 or 12 wherein from 5% to 10%
by weight of the ionic salt is present.
by weight of the ionic salt is present.
15. A composition as claimed in claim 11 or 12 wherein from 7% to 8%
by weight of the ionic salt is present.
by weight of the ionic salt is present.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB37212/75A GB1491272A (en) | 1975-09-10 | 1975-09-10 | Polymer adhesive compositions containing gelling agents |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CA1074939A true CA1074939A (en) | 1980-04-01 |
Family
ID=10394695
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CA252,506A Expired CA1074939A (en) | 1975-09-10 | 1976-05-13 | Adhesives |
Country Status (15)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4325855A (en) |
AR (1) | AR206964A1 (en) |
AT (1) | AT349591B (en) |
CA (1) | CA1074939A (en) |
CH (1) | CH603779A5 (en) |
DE (1) | DE2620721C2 (en) |
FI (1) | FI64389C (en) |
FR (1) | FR2323750A1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1491272A (en) |
GR (1) | GR60622B (en) |
IE (1) | IE42812B1 (en) |
IL (1) | IL49552A (en) |
IT (1) | IT1065978B (en) |
SE (1) | SE425503B (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA762870B (en) |
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DE3606382A1 (en) * | 1986-02-27 | 1987-09-03 | Henkel Kgaa | IMPROVED ADHESIVE PEN |
GB2188326B (en) * | 1986-03-27 | 1989-11-22 | Duracell Int | Adhesive |
DE3921554A1 (en) * | 1989-06-30 | 1991-01-17 | Henkel Kgaa | ADHESIVE PEN WITH IMPROVED ADHESIVITY |
DE4125122C2 (en) * | 1991-07-30 | 1994-06-23 | Henkel Kgaa | Starch ether-based glue stick |
US5700478A (en) * | 1993-08-19 | 1997-12-23 | Cygnus, Inc. | Water-soluble pressure-sensitive mucoadhesive and devices provided therewith for emplacement in a mucosa-lined body cavity |
US20020018754A1 (en) * | 1999-03-15 | 2002-02-14 | Paul Albert Sagel | Shapes for tooth whitening strips |
US6096328A (en) * | 1997-06-06 | 2000-08-01 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Delivery system for an oral care substance using a strip of material having low flexural stiffness |
KR20020032521A (en) | 1999-07-02 | 2002-05-03 | 데이비드 엠 모이어 | Delivery system for oral care compositions comprising organosiloxane resins using a removable backing strip |
US7425292B2 (en) * | 2001-10-12 | 2008-09-16 | Monosol Rx, Llc | Thin film with non-self-aggregating uniform heterogeneity and drug delivery systems made therefrom |
US8765167B2 (en) | 2001-10-12 | 2014-07-01 | Monosol Rx, Llc | Uniform films for rapid-dissolve dosage form incorporating anti-tacking compositions |
US10285910B2 (en) | 2001-10-12 | 2019-05-14 | Aquestive Therapeutics, Inc. | Sublingual and buccal film compositions |
US8900498B2 (en) | 2001-10-12 | 2014-12-02 | Monosol Rx, Llc | Process for manufacturing a resulting multi-layer pharmaceutical film |
US7910641B2 (en) * | 2001-10-12 | 2011-03-22 | Monosol Rx, Llc | PH modulated films for delivery of actives |
US8663687B2 (en) | 2001-10-12 | 2014-03-04 | Monosol Rx, Llc | Film compositions for delivery of actives |
US7666337B2 (en) * | 2002-04-11 | 2010-02-23 | Monosol Rx, Llc | Polyethylene oxide-based films and drug delivery systems made therefrom |
US20070154527A1 (en) * | 2001-10-12 | 2007-07-05 | Monosoirx, Llc | Topical film compositions for delivery of actives |
US20070281003A1 (en) | 2001-10-12 | 2007-12-06 | Fuisz Richard C | Polymer-Based Films and Drug Delivery Systems Made Therefrom |
US20100021526A1 (en) * | 2001-10-12 | 2010-01-28 | Monosol Rx, Llc | Ph modulated films for delivery of actives |
US7357891B2 (en) | 2001-10-12 | 2008-04-15 | Monosol Rx, Llc | Process for making an ingestible film |
US20190328679A1 (en) | 2001-10-12 | 2019-10-31 | Aquestive Therapeutics, Inc. | Uniform films for rapid-dissolve dosage form incorporating anti-tacking compositions |
US8603514B2 (en) * | 2002-04-11 | 2013-12-10 | Monosol Rx, Llc | Uniform films for rapid dissolve dosage form incorporating taste-masking compositions |
US20060039958A1 (en) * | 2003-05-28 | 2006-02-23 | Monosolrx, Llc. | Multi-layer films having uniform content |
US8900497B2 (en) | 2001-10-12 | 2014-12-02 | Monosol Rx, Llc | Process for making a film having a substantially uniform distribution of components |
US20110033542A1 (en) * | 2009-08-07 | 2011-02-10 | Monosol Rx, Llc | Sublingual and buccal film compositions |
US11207805B2 (en) | 2001-10-12 | 2021-12-28 | Aquestive Therapeutics, Inc. | Process for manufacturing a resulting pharmaceutical film |
US20060216328A1 (en) * | 2002-03-18 | 2006-09-28 | Kis Gyorgy L | Topical composition comprising a cyclofructan, a carrier and a drug |
US8017150B2 (en) * | 2002-04-11 | 2011-09-13 | Monosol Rx, Llc | Polyethylene oxide-based films and drug delivery systems made therefrom |
US6949240B2 (en) * | 2002-05-23 | 2005-09-27 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Tooth whitening products |
CN1747656B (en) * | 2002-07-22 | 2011-05-04 | 莫诺索尔克斯有限公司 | Packaging and dispensing of rapid dissolve dosage form |
US8524200B2 (en) | 2002-09-11 | 2013-09-03 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Tooth whitening products |
US20050025926A1 (en) * | 2003-03-28 | 2005-02-03 | Risi Peter B. | Power glue strips |
CA2636582A1 (en) * | 2006-01-20 | 2007-07-26 | Monosol Rx, Llc | Film bandage for mucosal administration of actives |
WO2007084587A2 (en) * | 2006-01-20 | 2007-07-26 | Monosol Rx, Llc | Film lined pouch and method of manufacturing this pouch |
DE102006033148A1 (en) * | 2006-07-18 | 2008-01-24 | Clariant International Limited | Dimensionally stable adhesive and its use for glue sticks |
JP4739452B2 (en) * | 2006-09-20 | 2011-08-03 | モノソル アールエックス リミテッド ライアビリティ カンパニー | Eatable water-soluble film containing flavor enhancer to reduce foaming |
WO2008042331A2 (en) * | 2006-09-29 | 2008-04-10 | Monosol Rx Llc | Film embedded packaging and method of making same |
US8475832B2 (en) | 2009-08-07 | 2013-07-02 | Rb Pharmaceuticals Limited | Sublingual and buccal film compositions |
USD627777S1 (en) * | 2010-01-06 | 2010-11-23 | Apple Inc. | Portable display device |
EP2579844B1 (en) | 2010-06-10 | 2016-02-24 | Midatech Ltd. | Nanoparticle film delivery systems |
US9149959B2 (en) | 2010-10-22 | 2015-10-06 | Monosol Rx, Llc | Manufacturing of small film strips |
CA2888199C (en) | 2012-10-17 | 2019-06-25 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Strip for the delivery of an oral care active and methods for applying oral care actives |
US9346938B1 (en) | 2015-05-21 | 2016-05-24 | King Fahd University Of Petroleum And Minerals | Poly(acrylic acid)-glycerol blends |
WO2017192921A1 (en) | 2016-05-05 | 2017-11-09 | Monosol Rx, Llc | Enhanced delivery epinephrine compositions |
US11273131B2 (en) | 2016-05-05 | 2022-03-15 | Aquestive Therapeutics, Inc. | Pharmaceutical compositions with enhanced permeation |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2820012A (en) * | 1954-12-14 | 1958-01-14 | California Research Corp | High temperature phthalamate grease compositions |
-
1975
- 1975-09-10 GB GB37212/75A patent/GB1491272A/en not_active Expired
-
1976
- 1976-01-01 AR AR263248A patent/AR206964A1/en active
- 1976-05-06 IE IE980/76A patent/IE42812B1/en unknown
- 1976-05-07 SE SE7605246A patent/SE425503B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-05-10 IL IL49552A patent/IL49552A/en unknown
- 1976-05-11 DE DE2620721A patent/DE2620721C2/en not_active Expired
- 1976-05-12 FR FR7614253A patent/FR2323750A1/en active Granted
- 1976-05-12 AT AT347476A patent/AT349591B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-05-13 GR GR50699A patent/GR60622B/en unknown
- 1976-05-13 ZA ZA762870A patent/ZA762870B/en unknown
- 1976-05-13 CA CA252,506A patent/CA1074939A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-05-13 FI FI761352A patent/FI64389C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-05-14 CH CH607476A patent/CH603779A5/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-05-14 IT IT49485/76A patent/IT1065978B/en active
- 1976-05-24 US US05/688,959 patent/US4325855A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE2620721C2 (en) | 1985-08-14 |
ZA762870B (en) | 1977-04-27 |
IT1065978B (en) | 1985-03-04 |
FI64389B (en) | 1983-07-29 |
SE425503B (en) | 1982-10-04 |
ATA347476A (en) | 1978-09-15 |
IE42812B1 (en) | 1980-10-22 |
CH603779A5 (en) | 1978-08-31 |
FR2323750A1 (en) | 1977-04-08 |
AT349591B (en) | 1979-04-10 |
SE7605246L (en) | 1976-05-07 |
AR206964A1 (en) | 1976-08-31 |
IE42812L (en) | 1977-03-10 |
FR2323750B1 (en) | 1980-04-18 |
FI761352A (en) | 1977-03-11 |
IL49552A0 (en) | 1976-07-30 |
GR60622B (en) | 1978-07-05 |
DE2620721A1 (en) | 1977-03-24 |
IL49552A (en) | 1979-05-31 |
FI64389C (en) | 1983-11-10 |
US4325855A (en) | 1982-04-20 |
GB1491272A (en) | 1977-11-09 |
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