CA1063503A - Process and burner for the partial combustion of a liquid or gaseous fuel - Google Patents
Process and burner for the partial combustion of a liquid or gaseous fuelInfo
- Publication number
- CA1063503A CA1063503A CA267,757A CA267757A CA1063503A CA 1063503 A CA1063503 A CA 1063503A CA 267757 A CA267757 A CA 267757A CA 1063503 A CA1063503 A CA 1063503A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- burner
- fuel
- oxygen
- containing gas
- jet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/20—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L7/00—Supplying non-combustible liquids or gases, other than air, to the fire, e.g. oxygen, steam
- F23L7/002—Supplying water
- F23L7/005—Evaporated water; Steam
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A burner and process for the partial combustion of a liquid or gas-eous fuel in a reactor lined with refractory material, the fuel and an oxygen-containing gas needed for the combustion being introduced into the reactor via a burner, characterized in that a central steam jet is also injected into the reactor by means of the burner, which jet diverges and rotates about its axis. The burner includes means for the ejection of fuel and of oxygen-containing gas, characterized in that it comprises means for the ejection of a central steam jet, which means provide the jet not only with an axial but also with a tangential momentum.
A burner and process for the partial combustion of a liquid or gas-eous fuel in a reactor lined with refractory material, the fuel and an oxygen-containing gas needed for the combustion being introduced into the reactor via a burner, characterized in that a central steam jet is also injected into the reactor by means of the burner, which jet diverges and rotates about its axis. The burner includes means for the ejection of fuel and of oxygen-containing gas, characterized in that it comprises means for the ejection of a central steam jet, which means provide the jet not only with an axial but also with a tangential momentum.
Description
-"
The invention relates to a process for the partial combustion of a liquid or gaseous fuel in a reactor lined with refractory material, the fuel and an oxygen-containing gas needed for the combustion being introduced into the reactor via a burner.
The heat liberated in a process of this kind requires the application of a refractory lining in the reactor, which lining, however, often has to be renewed because of thermal degradation.
In the past it has been proposed to protect the interior of the reactor against an undue temperature rise by injecting water or steam or a cold, inert gas. However, by this injection frequently large local temperature differences occurred in the lining, which could also cause it to succumb prematurely. The reason of these local temperature differences was probably that insufficient mixing of the coolant with the reacting gases was effected, so that in some places there was excessive cooling wheroas in other places there was no cooling at all.
It is an object of the present invention to remedy this situation and to provide a measure by which a uniform temperature reduction of the reactor lining is obtained.
The present invention thus relates to a process for the partial combustion of a liquid or gaseous fuel in a reactor lined with refractory material, the fuel and an oxygen-containing gas needed for the combustion being introduced into the reactor via a burner, characterized in that also a separate hollow steam jet is centrally injected into the reactor by means ` of the burner into a fuel- and oxygen-containing gas mixture formed by said introduction via the burner, which jet diverges and rotates about its axis.
In this way efficient cooling is effected because the steam mixes right from the start with the fuel and the oxygen-containing gas.
.~ .
- A problem associated with the cooling of the interior of the reactor in the case of partial combustion in general, is the fact that the risk of soot formation often becomes much greater. The measure according to the invention has been found hardly to increase this risk. This can probably be explained from the fact that soot
The invention relates to a process for the partial combustion of a liquid or gaseous fuel in a reactor lined with refractory material, the fuel and an oxygen-containing gas needed for the combustion being introduced into the reactor via a burner.
The heat liberated in a process of this kind requires the application of a refractory lining in the reactor, which lining, however, often has to be renewed because of thermal degradation.
In the past it has been proposed to protect the interior of the reactor against an undue temperature rise by injecting water or steam or a cold, inert gas. However, by this injection frequently large local temperature differences occurred in the lining, which could also cause it to succumb prematurely. The reason of these local temperature differences was probably that insufficient mixing of the coolant with the reacting gases was effected, so that in some places there was excessive cooling wheroas in other places there was no cooling at all.
It is an object of the present invention to remedy this situation and to provide a measure by which a uniform temperature reduction of the reactor lining is obtained.
The present invention thus relates to a process for the partial combustion of a liquid or gaseous fuel in a reactor lined with refractory material, the fuel and an oxygen-containing gas needed for the combustion being introduced into the reactor via a burner, characterized in that also a separate hollow steam jet is centrally injected into the reactor by means ` of the burner into a fuel- and oxygen-containing gas mixture formed by said introduction via the burner, which jet diverges and rotates about its axis.
In this way efficient cooling is effected because the steam mixes right from the start with the fuel and the oxygen-containing gas.
.~ .
- A problem associated with the cooling of the interior of the reactor in the case of partial combustion in general, is the fact that the risk of soot formation often becomes much greater. The measure according to the invention has been found hardly to increase this risk. This can probably be explained from the fact that soot
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~ ~3~ 1063~3 .
formaticn occurs in particular when there are ~oo large loca temperature differences in the reactor and that the measure according to the invention prevents such differences from oc-curring because of early and thorough mixing of the coolant and the fuel/oxygen mixture.
According to the invention a diverging jet of steam is injected into the reactor via the burner. Since this steam jet ~-i ~ leaves the burner centrally and because the fuel and the oxygen-containing gas are also introduced into the reactor via the ~i ~ 10 same burner, a diverging steam jet in particular will be mixed with the fuel and the oxygen-containing gas at the earliest possible moment and as thoroughly as possible.
The effect of the diverging steam jet is partly dependent on the angle of divergence, It has been found that in burners currently used for the partial combustion of fuels commonly so employed a divergence angle corresponding with a conical surface with a top angle oP about 60 gives optimum results. It will be evident, however, that the top angle may range from as low as 30 to as high as 90.
It has ~urther been found that in particular a diverging and rotating steam jet can be produced by very simple means, because rotation can easily be utilized to cause divergence, in particular in cases where a hollow steam jet is ejected. It is then sufficient to cause the hollow rotating steam jet to leave the burner through an opening widening according to a sub-stantially conical pattern. The hollow rotating jet will then ; diveree automatically.
The steam jet can be caused to rotate about its axis by passing the steam in the burner, for instance, to an ejection ; ~
opening via ducts ending in it tangentially.
The invention is pre-eminently suitable for use in cases where a gaseous fuel is employed which itself leaves the burner in a hollow diverging jet. This will ensure efficient mixing with ~ the oxygen-containing gas and a good combustion, without soot formation.
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According to the invention it is preferred to use a burner with a straight burner gun, the oxygen-containing gas leaving the burner in the form of a jacket around the burner gun via an air register which gives the oxygen-containing gas not only an axial but also a tangential momentum.
This measure also contributes to thorough mixing of the components to be introduced into the reactor, and hence to an optimum cooling effect of the steam introduced.
The process of the invention is very suitable for application in the production of reducing gases by partial combustion, in particular in the production of reducing gases to be used for the reduction of off-gases containing sulphur compounds.
An example of such an off-gas is the off-gas of a Claus unit, which contains some sulphur dioxide, hydrogen sulphide and/or carbonyl sulphide. From such off-gases the sulphur compounds can be removed by mixing them with a reducing gas, passing the gas mixture at a suitable temperature over a catalyst for the reduction of sulphur compounds other than hydrogen sulphide to hydrogen sulphide and by subsequently absorbing ; or adsorbing the hydrogen sulphide from the gas. The reducing gases needed ` for this off-gas purification preferably contain a high percentage of hydrogen and/or carbon monoxide.
The invention also relates to a burner for the partial com-bustion of a liquid or gaseous fuel, comprising means for the ejection of fuel and of oxygen-containing gas, characteri~ed in that it comprises a straight double-barrel burner gun with means for the ejection of fuel and with means for the ejection of a central, hollow steam jet, said latter means being mounted centrally in the front end of said burner gun and pro-viding said hollow steam jet not only with an axial, but also with a tangential momentum. This burner is suitable for application in the process .
according to the invention because a central steam jet is obtained which -` 30 rotates about its axis.
The burner according to the invention preferably comprises a straight double-barrelled burner gun in which the means for fuel ejection .~ are located, the means for steam ejection being mounted ~ - 4 -' . ,,, ' . ' " ' ,' ' ' ' ' ' '. , ': . ' ~ ' ' ' ~ . ' ~5~ ' ~063503 centrally in the front end of the said burner gun. Such means for steam ejection may even be installed in some existing types of burner for partial combustion.
~; AccGrding to a preferred embodiment of the burner the means for steam ejection comprise a substantially tapering or funnel-shaped bore which divergesjfrom the bottom to its top located at the burner gun front end and in which near the bottom tangential - ducts have their outlets, 'hese ducts being connected with a central hollow space in the burner gun. In this embodiment a hollow, central steam jet is obtained, which diverges and rotates about its axis.
The invention will hereinafter be elucidated by means of the drawings showing an embodiment of the burner according to the in-vention.
Figure 1 is an axial cross-section of a part of a burner according to the invention.
Figure 2 is a radial cross-section according to plane II-II
.. , ~ , of the burner of Figure 1.
In the drawing~ the front part of the gun 1 of a burner for the partial combustion of a gaseous fuel i9 illustrated.
The gun 1 is located in a space 3 left open in the refractory lining 2 of a reactor. Between space 3 and reactor space 4 there is a constriction 5. Through the circular opening in this con-~i~ striction fuel, combustion air, and steam which are injected by ,'!U 25 the burner, enter reactor space 4 from space 3.
The combustion air is introduced into space 3 via an air register (not shown), which iB located at the far end of space 3 around burner gun 1. The combustion air flows in a hollow jet rotating about its axis forward along the burner gun 1 and enters reaction ~pace 4 via constriction 5. The burner gun 1 comprises a double-barreI~d tube, whose inner wall 6 and outer wall 7 form an arnular slit 8 which is closed at its front end 9 and which gun, at some distance from this front end, has small holes 10 regularly spaced around the circumference of the outer wall 7.
, .
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: ' . . : : , , .' : .
,- -6- 1063503 The gaseous fuel leaves the annular slit throu~h the holes 10, which fuel is deviated under the influence of the rotating air stream, as indicated in the drawing near 11.
The burner gun 1 further comprises a plug consisting of two separate parts 12 and 13, which is mounted in the front end of the double-barre~?d tube. In the outer part 12, next to the interface between parts 13 and 12, there is an annular duct 14.
This duct 14 is connected with the interior 10 of the burner gun via a number of holes 15 spaced regularly around the circumference of the duct. Further, channel 14 is connected with the central outlet opening 17 of the plug via four tangential slits 16 (see Figure 2). Slits 16 end in opening 17, directly above the bottom thereof, which opening is closed at its bottom by the innert part 13 of the plug The exit opening 17 widens outwards in a substantially conical shape.
The steam which is introduced at an elevated pressure via the interior 18 of the burner gun reaches duct 14 via holes 15 and flows from duct 14 via 81 ts 16 into opening 17. The steam then leaves thi~ outlet opening 17 as a hollow diverging jet 20 rotating about its axis. In the example of the embodiment ~ illustrated here the conical surface along which the steam leaves ; the plug has a top angle of about 60.
~ ~ In the burner shown it has been found that directly beyond ; constriction 5 steam, air and gas in the reactor space 4 are mixed 80 thoroughly as to obtain an optimum cooling effect of the steam.
The invention will hereinafter be illustrated by an example.
. ' E.~L~LE
With the burner assembly illustrated in the drawing a series of experiments was carried out. The reactor capacity was 0,16 m3 The fuel was natural gas (ô6%v CH4, balance N2). The burner was provided with 13 fuel holes with a diameter of 4.5 mm and with 13 fuel holes with a diameter of 3.5 mm. In one of the experiments the bur~er ~9 provided with e plug o~ the t~pe i11ustreted in the .
f - ~7~ 1063503 drawing for the introduction of steam. In the other experiments ;~
liquid water was injected as a central jet via the burner in which a plug not in accordance with the invention had been mounted. In all the experiments the burner load was about 70%.
Fi~st natural gas was burned without the addition of steam or water at a stoichiometry (ratio of fuel to oxygen) of 57.2%;
61.4%; 66.8% and 75.2%, respectively. The flame temperatures, determined with the aid of a pyrometer, were 1310C; 1360C;
1385C and 1440C, respectively. Next, natural gas was burned at a stoichiometry of about 80% with, respectively, a quantity of steam and water which quantities were equal to the quantity of natural gas (in kgthour). The flame temperatures now were 1355C
and 1400C, respectively.
A comparison of these results shows that the flame temper-ature is influenced not only by the stoichiometry but also by the injection of water or steam and that the injection of steam in the manner according to the invention causes a relatively large temper-ature drop, t' ',, ~ ;' '.
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,,, ... . .
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'''':'' 1 ~,~','~ ,' .
¢
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' ' ' '.
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l .
~ ~3~ 1063~3 .
formaticn occurs in particular when there are ~oo large loca temperature differences in the reactor and that the measure according to the invention prevents such differences from oc-curring because of early and thorough mixing of the coolant and the fuel/oxygen mixture.
According to the invention a diverging jet of steam is injected into the reactor via the burner. Since this steam jet ~-i ~ leaves the burner centrally and because the fuel and the oxygen-containing gas are also introduced into the reactor via the ~i ~ 10 same burner, a diverging steam jet in particular will be mixed with the fuel and the oxygen-containing gas at the earliest possible moment and as thoroughly as possible.
The effect of the diverging steam jet is partly dependent on the angle of divergence, It has been found that in burners currently used for the partial combustion of fuels commonly so employed a divergence angle corresponding with a conical surface with a top angle oP about 60 gives optimum results. It will be evident, however, that the top angle may range from as low as 30 to as high as 90.
It has ~urther been found that in particular a diverging and rotating steam jet can be produced by very simple means, because rotation can easily be utilized to cause divergence, in particular in cases where a hollow steam jet is ejected. It is then sufficient to cause the hollow rotating steam jet to leave the burner through an opening widening according to a sub-stantially conical pattern. The hollow rotating jet will then ; diveree automatically.
The steam jet can be caused to rotate about its axis by passing the steam in the burner, for instance, to an ejection ; ~
opening via ducts ending in it tangentially.
The invention is pre-eminently suitable for use in cases where a gaseous fuel is employed which itself leaves the burner in a hollow diverging jet. This will ensure efficient mixing with ~ the oxygen-containing gas and a good combustion, without soot formation.
,", , ,'', ' , !, ,.
",,1'" ' '~
. ;' ~, .
., .", . ' ' , : ' ' ' . : . " , ' ' ', ' ~
According to the invention it is preferred to use a burner with a straight burner gun, the oxygen-containing gas leaving the burner in the form of a jacket around the burner gun via an air register which gives the oxygen-containing gas not only an axial but also a tangential momentum.
This measure also contributes to thorough mixing of the components to be introduced into the reactor, and hence to an optimum cooling effect of the steam introduced.
The process of the invention is very suitable for application in the production of reducing gases by partial combustion, in particular in the production of reducing gases to be used for the reduction of off-gases containing sulphur compounds.
An example of such an off-gas is the off-gas of a Claus unit, which contains some sulphur dioxide, hydrogen sulphide and/or carbonyl sulphide. From such off-gases the sulphur compounds can be removed by mixing them with a reducing gas, passing the gas mixture at a suitable temperature over a catalyst for the reduction of sulphur compounds other than hydrogen sulphide to hydrogen sulphide and by subsequently absorbing ; or adsorbing the hydrogen sulphide from the gas. The reducing gases needed ` for this off-gas purification preferably contain a high percentage of hydrogen and/or carbon monoxide.
The invention also relates to a burner for the partial com-bustion of a liquid or gaseous fuel, comprising means for the ejection of fuel and of oxygen-containing gas, characteri~ed in that it comprises a straight double-barrel burner gun with means for the ejection of fuel and with means for the ejection of a central, hollow steam jet, said latter means being mounted centrally in the front end of said burner gun and pro-viding said hollow steam jet not only with an axial, but also with a tangential momentum. This burner is suitable for application in the process .
according to the invention because a central steam jet is obtained which -` 30 rotates about its axis.
The burner according to the invention preferably comprises a straight double-barrelled burner gun in which the means for fuel ejection .~ are located, the means for steam ejection being mounted ~ - 4 -' . ,,, ' . ' " ' ,' ' ' ' ' ' '. , ': . ' ~ ' ' ' ~ . ' ~5~ ' ~063503 centrally in the front end of the said burner gun. Such means for steam ejection may even be installed in some existing types of burner for partial combustion.
~; AccGrding to a preferred embodiment of the burner the means for steam ejection comprise a substantially tapering or funnel-shaped bore which divergesjfrom the bottom to its top located at the burner gun front end and in which near the bottom tangential - ducts have their outlets, 'hese ducts being connected with a central hollow space in the burner gun. In this embodiment a hollow, central steam jet is obtained, which diverges and rotates about its axis.
The invention will hereinafter be elucidated by means of the drawings showing an embodiment of the burner according to the in-vention.
Figure 1 is an axial cross-section of a part of a burner according to the invention.
Figure 2 is a radial cross-section according to plane II-II
.. , ~ , of the burner of Figure 1.
In the drawing~ the front part of the gun 1 of a burner for the partial combustion of a gaseous fuel i9 illustrated.
The gun 1 is located in a space 3 left open in the refractory lining 2 of a reactor. Between space 3 and reactor space 4 there is a constriction 5. Through the circular opening in this con-~i~ striction fuel, combustion air, and steam which are injected by ,'!U 25 the burner, enter reactor space 4 from space 3.
The combustion air is introduced into space 3 via an air register (not shown), which iB located at the far end of space 3 around burner gun 1. The combustion air flows in a hollow jet rotating about its axis forward along the burner gun 1 and enters reaction ~pace 4 via constriction 5. The burner gun 1 comprises a double-barreI~d tube, whose inner wall 6 and outer wall 7 form an arnular slit 8 which is closed at its front end 9 and which gun, at some distance from this front end, has small holes 10 regularly spaced around the circumference of the outer wall 7.
, .
i .' '~ ' I ' .
1.'~, '~' '.' '' ~
~',''' . .
',, ' . \
: ' . . : : , , .' : .
,- -6- 1063503 The gaseous fuel leaves the annular slit throu~h the holes 10, which fuel is deviated under the influence of the rotating air stream, as indicated in the drawing near 11.
The burner gun 1 further comprises a plug consisting of two separate parts 12 and 13, which is mounted in the front end of the double-barre~?d tube. In the outer part 12, next to the interface between parts 13 and 12, there is an annular duct 14.
This duct 14 is connected with the interior 10 of the burner gun via a number of holes 15 spaced regularly around the circumference of the duct. Further, channel 14 is connected with the central outlet opening 17 of the plug via four tangential slits 16 (see Figure 2). Slits 16 end in opening 17, directly above the bottom thereof, which opening is closed at its bottom by the innert part 13 of the plug The exit opening 17 widens outwards in a substantially conical shape.
The steam which is introduced at an elevated pressure via the interior 18 of the burner gun reaches duct 14 via holes 15 and flows from duct 14 via 81 ts 16 into opening 17. The steam then leaves thi~ outlet opening 17 as a hollow diverging jet 20 rotating about its axis. In the example of the embodiment ~ illustrated here the conical surface along which the steam leaves ; the plug has a top angle of about 60.
~ ~ In the burner shown it has been found that directly beyond ; constriction 5 steam, air and gas in the reactor space 4 are mixed 80 thoroughly as to obtain an optimum cooling effect of the steam.
The invention will hereinafter be illustrated by an example.
. ' E.~L~LE
With the burner assembly illustrated in the drawing a series of experiments was carried out. The reactor capacity was 0,16 m3 The fuel was natural gas (ô6%v CH4, balance N2). The burner was provided with 13 fuel holes with a diameter of 4.5 mm and with 13 fuel holes with a diameter of 3.5 mm. In one of the experiments the bur~er ~9 provided with e plug o~ the t~pe i11ustreted in the .
f - ~7~ 1063503 drawing for the introduction of steam. In the other experiments ;~
liquid water was injected as a central jet via the burner in which a plug not in accordance with the invention had been mounted. In all the experiments the burner load was about 70%.
Fi~st natural gas was burned without the addition of steam or water at a stoichiometry (ratio of fuel to oxygen) of 57.2%;
61.4%; 66.8% and 75.2%, respectively. The flame temperatures, determined with the aid of a pyrometer, were 1310C; 1360C;
1385C and 1440C, respectively. Next, natural gas was burned at a stoichiometry of about 80% with, respectively, a quantity of steam and water which quantities were equal to the quantity of natural gas (in kgthour). The flame temperatures now were 1355C
and 1400C, respectively.
A comparison of these results shows that the flame temper-ature is influenced not only by the stoichiometry but also by the injection of water or steam and that the injection of steam in the manner according to the invention causes a relatively large temper-ature drop, t' ',, ~ ;' '.
:'"~ '.
,,, ... . .
~ ' .
'''':'' 1 ~,~','~ ,' .
¢
.~' ' ;` ,'' ~;', . :
' ' ' '.
.', .~' ' .. . . .
~."`' ,'~ ' , ', ' ~,~ ' : : ' ' ' ' . ' . ' :
'
Claims (6)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A process for the partial combustion of a liquid or gaseous fuel in a reactor lined with refractory material, the fuel and an oxygen-containing gas needed for the combustion being introduced into the reactor via a burner, characterized in that also a separate hollow steam jet is centrally injected into the reactor by means of the burner into a fuel-and oxygen-containing gas mixture formed by said introduction via the burner, which jet diverges and rotates about its axis.
2. A process according to claim 1, characterized in that the steam jet diverges according to a conical surface with a top angle of about 60°.
3. A process according to claim 1, characterized in that a gaseous fuel is used which leaves the burner in a hollow, diverging jet.
4. A process according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a burner with a straight burner gun is used and that the oxygen-containing gas leaves the burner as a jacket around the burner gun via air register which gives the oxygen-containing gas not only an axial but also a tangential momentum.
5. A burner for the partial combustion of a liquid or gaseous fuel, comprising means for the ejection of fuel and of oxygen-containing gas, characterized in that it comprises a straight double-barrel burner gun with means for the ejection of fuel and with means for the ejection of a central, hollow steam jet, said latter means being mounted centrally in the front end of said burner gun and providing said hollow steam jet not only with an axial, but also with a tangential momentum.
6. A burner according to claim 5, characterized in that the means for steam ejection comprise a bore which is substantially tapering or funnel-shaped and which diverge from the bottom to its top located at the burner gun front end and in which near the bottom tangential ducts have their outlets, the ducts being connected with a central hollow space in the burner gun.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NL7515165A NL7515165A (en) | 1975-12-30 | 1975-12-30 | PROCESS AND BURNER FOR PARTIAL COMBUSTION OF A LIQUID OR GAS FUEL, AND PROCESS FOR REDUCTION OF SULFUR COMPOUNDS CONTAINING GASES. |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1063503A true CA1063503A (en) | 1979-10-02 |
Family
ID=19825106
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA267,757A Expired CA1063503A (en) | 1975-12-30 | 1976-12-13 | Process and burner for the partial combustion of a liquid or gaseous fuel |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4406610A (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS5284527A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1063503A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2659170A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2337309A1 (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7515165A (en) |
| SE (1) | SE7614605L (en) |
Families Citing this family (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4217088A (en) * | 1977-03-28 | 1980-08-12 | John Zink Company | Burner for very low pressure gases |
| US4533314A (en) * | 1983-11-03 | 1985-08-06 | General Electric Company | Method for reducing nitric oxide emissions from a gaseous fuel combustor |
| US4614490A (en) * | 1985-04-01 | 1986-09-30 | Exxon Research And Engineering Co. | Method and apparatus for atomizing fuel |
| DE3604304A1 (en) * | 1986-02-12 | 1987-08-13 | Ruhr Oel Gmbh | Burner for the partial combustion of a liquid fuel |
| US5526386A (en) * | 1994-05-25 | 1996-06-11 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Method and apparatus for steam mixing a nuclear fueled electricity generation system |
| US5690482A (en) * | 1994-11-04 | 1997-11-25 | Integrated Energy Development Corp. | Process for the combustion of sulphur containing fuels |
| HU961U (en) * | 1995-11-30 | 1996-11-28 | Csernus | Burner |
| US6089223A (en) * | 1998-01-28 | 2000-07-18 | Webco Industries, Incorporated | Direct contact water heating system |
| DE19860479C1 (en) * | 1998-12-28 | 2000-08-03 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Burner for the partial oxidation of liquid, carbon-containing fuels |
| DE19905996A1 (en) * | 1999-02-15 | 2000-08-17 | Abb Alstom Power Ch Ag | Fuel lance for injecting liquid and / or gaseous fuels into a combustion chamber |
| US6547163B1 (en) * | 1999-10-01 | 2003-04-15 | Parker-Hannifin Corporation | Hybrid atomizing fuel nozzle |
| KR100875238B1 (en) * | 2008-07-14 | 2008-12-19 | 황부성 | A hydrogen-oxygen combustion burner |
| US8703064B2 (en) | 2011-04-08 | 2014-04-22 | Wpt Llc | Hydrocabon cracking furnace with steam addition to lower mono-nitrogen oxide emissions |
| CN107702117B (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2023-11-14 | 北京航化节能环保技术有限公司 | Combustor for preparing reducing gas by secondary stoichiometric burning |
| DE112019006640T5 (en) * | 2019-01-10 | 2021-10-07 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Engine & Turbocharger, Ltd. | MOTOR AND INVERTER INTEGRATED ROTATING ELECTRIC MACHINE |
| FR3105649B1 (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2021-11-26 | Valeo Equip Electr Moteur | Cooled rotating electric machine |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US828804A (en) * | 1905-04-10 | 1906-08-14 | Edward Abrim Bird | Hydrocarbon-burner. |
| US1655810A (en) * | 1924-04-24 | 1928-01-10 | David J Cartwright | Fuel atomizing and vaporizing apparatus |
| US2095242A (en) * | 1933-09-01 | 1937-10-12 | Otto B Bradford | Burner |
| US3672808A (en) * | 1970-10-15 | 1972-06-27 | Japan Furnace Ind Co Ltd | Method and apparatus of continuous steam-atomizing fuel combustion for boiler furnace |
| US3804579A (en) * | 1973-06-21 | 1974-04-16 | G Wilhelm | Fluid fuel burner |
-
1975
- 1975-12-30 NL NL7515165A patent/NL7515165A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
1976
- 1976-12-13 CA CA267,757A patent/CA1063503A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-12-24 FR FR7639107A patent/FR2337309A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1976-12-28 SE SE7614605A patent/SE7614605L/en unknown
- 1976-12-28 DE DE19762659170 patent/DE2659170A1/en active Pending
- 1976-12-28 JP JP15767276A patent/JPS5284527A/en active Pending
-
1978
- 1978-09-05 US US05/939,719 patent/US4406610A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE2659170A1 (en) | 1977-07-14 |
| US4406610A (en) | 1983-09-27 |
| FR2337309A1 (en) | 1977-07-29 |
| SE7614605L (en) | 1977-07-01 |
| NL7515165A (en) | 1977-07-04 |
| JPS5284527A (en) | 1977-07-14 |
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