A download manager is a computer program Smartdraw Download dedicated to the task of downloading (and Smartdraw Download sometime uploading) possibly unrelated stand-alone files from (and sometime to) the Internet for storage. This is unlike a World Smartdraw Download Wide Web browser, which is mainly intended to browse Smartdraw Download web pages, Smartdraw Download composed Smartdraw Download of Smartdraw Download a multitude of smaller files, where error-free moving of files for permanent storage is of secondary importance. (A failed or incomplete web page file rarely Smartdraw Download ruins the page.) The typical download manager at a minimum Smartdraw Download provides means to recover from errors without losing the work already completed, and can optionally split the file to be downloaded (or uploaded) into 2 or more segments, which are then moved in parallel, potentially making the process faster within the limits of the available bandwidth. (A few Smartdraw Download servers are known to block moving files in parallel segments, on the principle that server capacity should be shared equally by all users.) Multi-source is the name given to files Smartdraw Download that are downloaded in parallel.
There are several Smartdraw Download things that some web browsers are not very good at. That's where the download managers enter the equation:
Pausing the downloading of large files.
Resuming broken or paused downloads (especially for very large files).
Downloading files on poor connections.
Downloading several files from a site automatically according to Smartdraw Download simple rules (file types, updated files, etc. Smartdraw Download - see also Offline Browser).
Automatic recursive Smartdraw Download downloads (mirroring).
Scheduled downloads (including, automatic hang-up and shutdown).
Searching for mirror sites, and the handling of different connections Smartdraw Download to download the same file more Smartdraw Download quickly (segmented downloading).
Download managers are useful for active Internet users. For dial-up users, they can Smartdraw Download automatically dial the internet Smartdraw Download service provider at night, Smartdraw Download when rates or tariffs are Smartdraw Download usually lower, download the specified files, and hang-up. They can record which links the user clicks on during the day, and queue these files for later download. For broadband users, download managers can help download very large files by resuming broken downloads, by Smartdraw Download limiting the bandwidth used, so that other internet activities are not Download New Paris Hilton Video affected (slowed) and the server is not overloaded, Smartdraw Download or by automatically navigating a site and Smartdraw Download downloading pre-specified content (photo galleries, MP3 collections, Smartdraw Download etc.) this can also include automatically downloading whole sites and regularly updating them (see Mirroring).
Many download Smartdraw Download managers support Metalink, an XML file listing mirrors, checksums, and other Smartdraw Download information useful for downloading.
See below for some Smartdraw Download examples Smartdraw Download of commonly used download managers. Some downloaders are optimized for a Smartdraw Download certain function. Smartdraw Download For example, Offline Explorer is designed to download entire websites.
Download managers, such as Go!Zilla, were among the first adware applications displaying a banner ad in the user interface.
Related to Smartdraw Download download managers are two Smartdraw Download other breeds of Internet programs, file-sharing peer-to-peer applications (Kazaa, eMule, BitTorrent, Gnutella) and stream Smartdraw Download recorders (such as StreamBox VCR).
While download managers are designed to give users greater control over downloads, Smartdraw Download some downloaders are created to give that control to Smartdraw Download content distributors instead. Smartdraw Download Some software companies, Smartdraw Download for example Adobe [1], provide such downloaders for downloading software on Smartdraw Download their own site. Presumably Smartdraw Download this Smartdraw Download increases reliability and Smartdraw Download reduces tech support costs to them. A possible reason is increasing Smartdraw Download the control over redistribution of their software (even when the software is freeware).In computer technology and telecommunication, on-line and off-line are defined by Federal Standard Smartdraw Download 1037C. They are states or conditions of a "device Smartdraw Download or equipment" or of Smartdraw Download "a functional Smartdraw Download unit". To be considered on-line, a device must be at least one of:
"Under the direct control of Smartdraw Download another device"
"Under the direct control of the system with which it is associated"
"Available for immediate use on demand Smartdraw Download by the system without human intervention"
"Connected Smartdraw Download to a system, and is in operation"
"Functional and ready for service"
while a device that is off-line is not Smartdraw Download (e.g. it has "its main power source disconnected or turned off", and is "off-power").
One example of a common use of these concepts is a Mail User Agent that can be instructed Smartdraw Download to be Smartdraw Download in either "on-line" or Smartdraw Download "off-line" states. One such MUA is Microsoft Outlook. When it is "on-line" it will attempt to connect to mail servers (to check for new mail at regular intervals, for example), and when it is "off-line" it will not attempt to make any such connections. The "on-line" or "off-line" state of the MUA does not necessarily reflect the connection status between the computer on which it Smartdraw Download is running and Internet. The Smartdraw Download user may have the Smartdraw Download computer itself on-line, connected to Internet via a cable modem or an ADSL connection, but may wish for Smartdraw Download Outlook to be off-line, so that it makes no attempt to send Smartdraw Download or to receive messages. Or the Smartdraw Download computer may be configured to employ a dial-up connection on demand (whenever Smartdraw Download an application such Smartdraw Download as Outlook attempts to make connection to a server), Smartdraw Download but the connection Download Pandora S Battery may be an Smartdraw Download expensive telephone call from the particular location in which the computer currently happens Smartdraw Download to be Smartdraw Download (such Smartdraw Download as a hotel room) and Smartdraw Download the user may not wish Outlook to trigger making that call every 5 Smartdraw Download or 10 minutes to Smartdraw Download check for Smartdraw Download mail.[1]
Another example of the use Smartdraw Download of these Smartdraw Download concepts is in the world of digital Smartdraw Download audio technology. A tape recorder, digital editor, or other device Smartdraw Download that is "on-line" is one whose clock is under the control of the clock of a "synchronization Smartdraw Download master" device. When the sync master commences Smartdraw Download playback, the Download Free Driver Canoscan N640p Ex "on-line" device automatically Smartdraw Download synchronizes itself to the master and commences playing from the same point in the recording. Whereas a device that is Smartdraw Download "off-line" uses no external clock reference and relies Smartdraw Download upon its own internal clock. When a large number of devices Smartdraw Download are connected Smartdraw Download to a sync master, it is often convenient, if one wants Smartdraw Download to hear just the output of one single device, to take it off-line, because if the device is played Smartdraw Download back on-line all synchronized devices have to locate the playback point and wait for each other to Smartdraw Download be in synchronization.[2] (For further related discussion, see MIDI timecode, word sync, and recording system synchronization.)
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A third example of a common use of these concepts is a web browser that can be instructed to be Free Download Ms Office For Windows in either "on-line" or "off-line" states. The browser only attempts to fetch pages Smartdraw Download from servers whilst in the "on-line" state. In the "off-line" state, users can perform offline browsing, where pages can be browsed using local copies of those pages that have previously been downloaded whilst in Smartdraw Download the "on-line" state. This can be useful when the computer itself is Smartdraw Download also off-line, with connection to Internet expensive or impossible. The pages are either downloaded implicitly into Smartdraw Download the web browser's own cache, as a result of prior Smartdraw Download on-line browsing by the user, or explicitly by the browser being configured to keep Kmfdm - Ultra Mp3 Download local copies of certain web Smartdraw Download pages, which it keeps updated when the browser is in the on-line state, Smartdraw Download either by checking that the local copies are up-to-date Smartdraw Download at regular intervals or by checking that the local copies are up-to-date Smartdraw Download whenever the browser is Smartdraw Download switched to the Smartdraw Download on-line state. One Smartdraw Download such web browser capable of being explicitly configured to download pages for Smartdraw Download offline browsing is Internet Explorer. When pages Download Xp Password Manager Dowload are added to the Smartdraw Download "Favourites" list, they can be marked for being made "available Smartdraw Download for offline Smartdraw Download browsing". Internet Explorer will download Download Spruce Dvd Maestro to local copies both the marked page and, optionally, all of the pages that it links to. In Internet Explorer version 6, the level Smartdraw Download of direct and indirect links, the maximum amount of Smartdraw Download local disc space allowed to be consumed, and the schedule on which local copies are checked to see whether they are up-to-date, are Monopoly Pc Game Download configurable for each individual "Favourite" entry.
See also:
Offline browsing known as "Offline favourites" was removed as a feature in Smartdraw Download the most recent version of Internet Explorer 7, which only now supports single web page saving, but not browsing Smartdraw Download or storing an entire site offline.[citation Smartdraw Download needed]
Similarly, off-line storage is computer storage that is not "available for immediate use on demand by the system without human intervention", i.e it is storage that is off-line.
The ideas of "on-line" and "off-line" have been generalized from computing and telecommunication into Smartdraw Download the field of human interpersonal relationships. Smartdraw Download The distinction between what is considered "on-line" and what is considered "off-line" has become a subject Smartdraw Download of study in the field of sociology.[7]
The distinction between "on-line" and "off-line" is conventionally seen as Smartdraw Download the distinction between computer-mediated communication and face-to-face communication (e.g. face time), respectively. "On-line" is Smartdraw Download virtuality, and "off-line" is reality (e.g. real life or meatspace). Slater states that this distinction is "obviously Smileys Free Download Htm far too Smartdraw Download simple". To support his argument that the Novi Kodeki Download distinctions in relationships Smartdraw Download are more complex than a simple "on-line"/"off-line" dichotomy, he observes that some people draw no distinction between an "on-line" relationship, such as indulging in cybersex, and an "off-line" relationship, such as being pen-pals. He Smartdraw Download also argues that even the Smartdraw Download telephone can be regarded as an "on-line" experience in some circumstances, and that the blurring of the distinctions between the uses of various technologies (such as PDA and mobile telephone, television and Smartdraw Download Internet, and telephone and voice-over-IP) has made it "impossible Smartdraw Download to use the term 'on-line' meaningfully in the sense that was employed Smartdraw Download by the first Smartdraw Download generation of Motorola V3 Download Internet research".[7]
Slater asserts that there are legal and regulatory pressures to reduce the distinction between "on-line" and "off-line", with a "general tendency to assimilate online to offline and erase the distinction", stressing, however, that this does not mean that on-line relationships are being reduced to pre-existing off-line relationships. He conjectures that greater legal status may be assigned to on-line relationships (pointing out that contractual relationships, such Smartdraw Download as business transactions, on-line are already seen as Smartdraw Download just as "real" as their off-line counterparts), although he states it to Smartdraw Download be hard to imagine courts awarding palimony to Smartdraw Download people who have had a purely on-line sexual relationship. He also conjectures that an "on-line"/"off-line" distinction may Smartdraw Download be seen by people as "rather Smartdraw Download quaint and not quite comprehensible" within 10 years.[7]
The Smartdraw Download distinction where "on-line" is seen Smartdraw Download as Smartdraw Download virtuality and "off-line" as reality Smartdraw Download is sometimes inverted, with "on-line" concepts being used to define Smartdraw Download and to explain "off-line" activities, rather than (as Smartdraw Download per Smartdraw Download the conventions of the desktop metaphor with its desktops, trash cans, folders, and Smartdraw Download so forth) the other Smartdraw Download way around. Several cartoons Smartdraw Download by The Smartdraw Download New Yorker have satirized this. One includes Saint Peter asking for a Smartdraw Download user name and a password before admitting a man into Heaven. Another Smartdraw Download illustrates "the off-line store" where Smartdraw Download "All items are Lithium Mp3 Download actual size!", where shoppers may "Take it home as soon as you pay for it!", Smartdraw Download and where "Merchandise may be handled prior to purchase!". |
