A download manager is a computer program dedicated to the task of downloading (and sometime uploading) possibly unrelated stand-alone files from Vegetable Garden Layout Download (and sometime to) the Internet for storage. This is unlike a World Wide Web browser, which is mainly intended to browse web pages, composed of a multitude of smaller files, where error-free moving of files for permanent storage is of secondary importance. (A failed or incomplete web page file rarely ruins the page.) The typical download manager Vegetable Garden Layout Download at a minimum provides Vegetable Garden Layout Download means to recover from errors without losing Vegetable Garden Layout Download the Vegetable Garden Layout Download work already completed, and can optionally split the file to be Vegetable Garden Layout Download downloaded Vegetable Garden Layout Download (or uploaded) Vegetable Garden Layout Download into 2 or more segments, which are then moved in parallel, Vegetable Garden Layout Download potentially making the process faster within the limits of the available bandwidth. (A Vegetable Garden Layout Download few servers are known to block moving files in parallel segments, on the principle that server capacity should be shared equally by Vegetable Garden Layout Download all users.) Multi-source is the name given to files that are downloaded Vegetable Garden Layout Download in parallel.
There are several things that some web browsers are not very good at. That's where the download managers enter Vegetable Garden Layout Download the equation:
Pausing the downloading of large files.
Resuming broken or paused downloads (especially for very large files).
Downloading files on poor connections.
Downloading several files from a site automatically according to simple rules (file types, updated files, etc. - see also Offline Browser).
Automatic recursive Vegetable Garden Layout Download downloads (mirroring).
Scheduled downloads (including, automatic hang-up and shutdown).
Searching for mirror sites, and Vegetable Garden Layout Download the handling of different connections to download the same file more quickly (segmented downloading).
Download managers are Vegetable Garden Layout Download useful for active Vegetable Garden Layout Download Internet users. For dial-up users, they Vegetable Garden Layout Download can automatically Vegetable Garden Layout Download dial the internet service provider at night, when rates or tariffs are usually Vegetable Garden Layout Download lower, download the specified files, Vegetable Garden Layout Download and hang-up. Download Free Hindi Mp3 Ringtone They can record which links the user Vegetable Garden Layout Download clicks on during the day, and Vegetable Garden Layout Download queue these files Vegetable Garden Layout Download for later download. For broadband users, download managers can help download very large files by resuming broken downloads, by limiting the bandwidth used, so that other internet activities are Vegetable Garden Layout Download not affected (slowed) and the server Vegetable Garden Layout Download is not overloaded, or by automatically navigating a site Vegetable Garden Layout Download and downloading pre-specified content (photo galleries, Vegetable Garden Layout Download MP3 collections, etc.) this can Vegetable Garden Layout Download also include automatically downloading whole sites and regularly updating them Vegetable Garden Layout Download (see Mirroring).
Many download managers support Metalink, an Vegetable Garden Layout Download XML file listing mirrors, checksums, and other information useful for downloading.
See Vegetable Garden Layout Download below for some Vegetable Garden Layout Download examples of commonly used download managers. Some downloaders are optimized for a certain function. For example, Offline Explorer is designed to download entire websites.
Download managers, such as Go!Zilla, Vegetable Garden Layout Download were among the Vegetable Garden Layout Download first Vegetable Garden Layout Download adware applications displaying a banner ad in the Download Sap Ide user interface.
Related to download managers are two other breeds of Internet programs, file-sharing peer-to-peer applications (Kazaa, eMule, BitTorrent, Vegetable Garden Layout Download Gnutella) and stream recorders (such as StreamBox VCR).
While download managers are Vegetable Garden Layout Download designed to give users greater control over Vegetable Garden Layout Download downloads, some downloaders are created to give that control to content distributors instead. Some Vegetable Garden Layout Download software companies, for example Adobe [1], provide such downloaders for downloading software on their Vegetable Garden Layout Download own site. Presumably Vegetable Garden Layout Download this Vegetable Garden Layout Download increases reliability and reduces tech support costs Vegetable Garden Layout Download to them. A possible reason is increasing the control over redistribution of their software (even when the software is freeware).In computer technology and telecommunication, on-line and off-line are defined Vegetable Garden Layout Download by Federal Standard 1037C. They are states or conditions of a "device or equipment" or of "a functional unit". To be Vegetable Garden Layout Download considered on-line, a device must be Vegetable Garden Layout Download at least one of:
"Under the direct control of another device"
"Under the direct control of the system with which Vegetable Garden Layout Download it is Vegetable Garden Layout Download associated"
"Available for immediate use on demand by the system without human intervention"
"Connected to a system, Download Audio Old Testament Bible and is in operation"
"Functional and ready for service"
while a device that is off-line is not (e.g. it has "its main power source disconnected or turned off", and is "off-power").
One example of a Vegetable Garden Layout Download common use of these concepts is a Mail User Agent that can be instructed to Vegetable Garden Layout Download be in Vegetable Garden Layout Download either "on-line" or "off-line" states. One such MUA is Microsoft Outlook. When it is "on-line" it will attempt to connect to mail servers (to Vegetable Garden Layout Download check Vegetable Garden Layout Download for new mail at regular Vegetable Garden Layout Download intervals, for example), and when it is "off-line" Vegetable Garden Layout Download it will not attempt to make any such connections. The Vegetable Garden Layout Download "on-line" Vegetable Garden Layout Download or "off-line" state of the MUA does not necessarily reflect Vegetable Garden Layout Download the connection status between the Vegetable Garden Layout Download computer on which it is running and Internet. The user may Vegetable Garden Layout Download have the computer itself on-line, connected to Internet Vegetable Garden Layout Download via a Vegetable Garden Layout Download cable modem or an ADSL connection, but may wish for Outlook to be off-line, so that Vegetable Garden Layout Download it makes no attempt Vegetable Garden Layout Download to send Vegetable Garden Layout Download or to receive messages. Or the computer may be configured Vegetable Garden Layout Download to Vegetable Garden Layout Download employ a dial-up connection on demand (whenever an application such as Outlook attempts to make connection to a server), Vegetable Garden Layout Download but the connection may be an expensive telephone call from the particular location in which the computer currently happens to be (such as a hotel room) and the user may not wish Outlook to trigger making that call every 5 or Vegetable Garden Layout Download 10 minutes to check for mail.[1]
Another example of the use of these concepts is in the world of digital audio technology. Vegetable Garden Layout Download A tape recorder, digital editor, or other device that is "on-line" is Vegetable Garden Layout Download one whose clock is under the control of the clock of a "synchronization master" device. When the sync master commences playback, the "on-line" device automatically synchronizes itself to the Vegetable Garden Layout Download master and commences playing from Vegetable Garden Layout Download the same point in the recording. Whereas a Vegetable Garden Layout Download device that is "off-line" Cricket Flash Download uses no external Vegetable Garden Layout Download clock reference and relies upon its own internal clock. When a large number of devices are connected to a sync master, it is often convenient, if one wants to hear just the output of one single device, to take it off-line, Vegetable Garden Layout Download because if the device is played back on-line Vegetable Garden Layout Download all Vegetable Garden Layout Download synchronized devices have to locate the playback point and wait for each other to be in synchronization.[2] (For further related discussion, see Vegetable Garden Layout Download MIDI timecode, word sync, and recording system synchronization.)
A third example of a common use of these concepts Vegetable Garden Layout Download is a web browser that can Vegetable Garden Layout Download be instructed to be in either "on-line" Vegetable Garden Layout Download or "off-line" Vegetable Garden Layout Download states. The browser only attempts to fetch pages from servers whilst in the "on-line" state. In the "off-line" state, Vegetable Garden Layout Download users can perform offline browsing, where pages can be Vegetable Garden Layout Download browsed using local copies of those pages Vegetable Garden Layout Download that have previously been downloaded whilst in the Vegetable Garden Layout Download "on-line" state. This can be useful when the computer itself is also off-line, with connection to Internet expensive or Vegetable Garden Layout Download impossible. Vegetable Garden Layout Download The pages are either downloaded implicitly into the web browser's own cache, as a result of prior on-line browsing by the user, or explicitly by the browser being Vegetable Garden Layout Download configured to keep local Vegetable Garden Layout Download copies of certain web pages, which it keeps updated when the browser is in the on-line Vegetable Garden Layout Download state, either by checking that the local copies are up-to-date at regular intervals or by checking that Vegetable Garden Layout Download the local copies are up-to-date whenever the Vegetable Garden Layout Download browser is switched to the on-line state. One Vegetable Garden Layout Download such web browser capable of being explicitly Vegetable Garden Layout Download configured to download pages for offline browsing is Internet Explorer. When Vegetable Garden Layout Download pages are added to the "Favourites" list, they can be Vegetable Garden Layout Download marked for being Vegetable Garden Layout Download made "available for offline browsing". Internet Explorer will download to local copies both the marked page and, optionally, all of Vegetable Garden Layout Download the pages that it links to. In Internet Explorer version 6, the level of direct and indirect links, Vegetable Garden Layout Download the Vegetable Garden Layout Download maximum amount of local disc space Vegetable Garden Layout Download allowed to be consumed, and the schedule on which local copies are checked to see whether they are up-to-date, are configurable for each individual "Favourite" entry.
See also:
Offline browsing known as "Offline favourites" was removed as a feature in the most recent version of Vegetable Garden Layout Download Internet Explorer Vegetable Garden Layout Download 7, which only now supports single web page saving, but not browsing or storing an Vegetable Garden Layout Download entire site offline.[citation needed]
Similarly, off-line storage Vegetable Garden Layout Download is computer storage that is not "available for Vegetable Garden Layout Download immediate use on demand by the system without human intervention", Vegetable Garden Layout Download i.e Vegetable Garden Layout Download it is storage that is off-line.
The ideas of "on-line" and "off-line" have been generalized from computing Vegetable Garden Layout Download and telecommunication into the field of human interpersonal relationships. The Vegetable Garden Layout Download distinction between what is considered "on-line" and what is considered "off-line" Vegetable Garden Layout Download has Vegetable Garden Layout Download become Vegetable Garden Layout Download a subject of study in the field of sociology.[7]
The distinction between "on-line" and "off-line" is conventionally seen as the distinction between computer-mediated communication and face-to-face communication (e.g. face time), respectively. "On-line" is virtuality, and "off-line" is reality (e.g. real life or Vegetable Garden Layout Download meatspace). Slater states that this distinction is "obviously far too simple". Vegetable Garden Layout Download To support his argument that the distinctions in relationships are more complex than a simple "on-line"/"off-line" dichotomy, he observes that some people draw Vegetable Garden Layout Download no distinction between an "on-line" relationship, such as indulging in cybersex, and an "off-line" relationship, Nz Video Download such as being pen-pals. He also argues that even the Vegetable Garden Layout Download telephone can be regarded as an "on-line" experience in some circumstances, and that the blurring of the distinctions Free Download Anti Spyware Win between Vegetable Garden Layout Download the uses of various technologies (such as Vegetable Garden Layout Download PDA and mobile telephone, television and Internet, and telephone and voice-over-IP) has made it "impossible to use the term Vegetable Garden Layout Download 'on-line' meaningfully in the sense that was employed by the first generation of Internet Vegetable Garden Layout Download research".[7]
Slater asserts that there are legal and regulatory pressures Vegetable Garden Layout Download to reduce the distinction between "on-line" and "off-line", with a "general tendency to assimilate online to offline and Vegetable Garden Layout Download erase the distinction", stressing, however, that this does not mean that on-line relationships are being reduced to pre-existing off-line relationships. He conjectures that greater legal status may be assigned to on-line relationships (pointing out that contractual relationships, such as business transactions, Vegetable Garden Layout Download on-line are already seen as just as "real" as their off-line counterparts), although he states it to be Vegetable Garden Layout Download hard to imagine courts awarding palimony to Vegetable Garden Layout Download people who Vegetable Garden Layout Download have had a purely on-line sexual relationship. He also conjectures that an "on-line"/"off-line" distinction may be seen by people as "rather quaint and not quite comprehensible" within Vegetable Garden Layout Download 10 years.[7]
The distinction where "on-line" is Vegetable Garden Layout Download seen as virtuality and "off-line" as reality Vegetable Garden Layout Download is sometimes inverted, with "on-line" concepts being used to define and to explain Vegetable Garden Layout Download "off-line" activities, rather than (as per the conventions of the desktop metaphor with its desktops, trash cans, folders, and so forth) the other way around. Several cartoons by The New Yorker have satirized this. One includes Saint Peter asking Vegetable Garden Layout Download for a user name and Vegetable Garden Layout Download a password before admitting a man into Heaven. Another Vegetable Garden Layout Download illustrates "the off-line store" where "All Vegetable Garden Layout Download items Vegetable Garden Layout Download are actual size!", where shoppers may "Take Vegetable Garden Layout Download it home as soon as you pay for it!", and where "Merchandise may be handled prior to purchase!". |
