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A market-focused, or customer-focused, organization Cheap Art first determines what its potential customers desire, and then builds the product or service. Marketing theory and practice is justified in the belief that customers use Cheap Art a Cheap Art product or service because they Cheap Art have a need, or because Cheap Art it provides a perceived benefit. Two major factors of marketing are the recruitment of Cheap Art new customers (acquisition) and Cheap Art the retention and expansion of relationships with existing customers (base management). Once a

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marketer has converted the prospective Cheap Art buyer, base management marketing takes over. The process for base management shifts the marketer to building a relationship, nurturing the links, enhancing the benefits that sold Cheap Art the buyer in the first place, and improving Cheap Art the product/service continuously to protect the business from competitive encroachments. For a marketing plan Cheap Art to be successful, the mix of the four "Ps" must reflect the wants and Cheap Art desires of the consumers or Shoppers in the target market. Trying to convince a market segment to buy something they don't want is extremely expensive and seldom Cheap Art successful. Marketers depend on insights from marketing Cheap Art research, both formal Cheap Art and informal, to determine what consumers want and what they are willing to pay for. Marketers hope Cheap Art that this process will give them a sustainable competitive advantage. Cheap Prozac Marketing management is the practical application of this process. Cheap Art The offer is also an Cheap Art important

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addition to the 4P's theory. Within most organizations, the activities encompassed by the marketing function are led by a Cheap Art Vice Cheap Art President or Director of Marketing. A growing number

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of organizations, especially Cheap Art large US companies, have a Chief Marketing Officer position,

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reporting to Cheap Art the Chief Executive Officer. The American Marketing Cheap Art Association (AMA) states, �Marketing is the activity, set of institutions, and processes for creating, communicating, delivering, and exchanging offerings that have value for customers, clients, partners, Cheap Woofers and society at large.". Marketing methods are informed by many of the social Cheap Art sciences, particularly psychology, sociology, and economics. Anthropology is also a small, but growing influence. Market research Cheap Art underpins these Cheap Art activities. Through Cheap Art advertising, it is also related to many Super Cheap Ipods of the Cheap Art creative arts. Marketing is a Cheap Art wide and Cheap Art heavily interconnected subject with extensive Cheap Art publications. It is also

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an area of activity infamous for re-inventing

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itself and its vocabulary according to the times and the culture. Many companies today

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have a customer focus (or customer orientation). This implies that the company focuses its

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activities and products on consumer demands. Generally there are three ways of doing this: the customer-driven approach, the sense of identifying market changes and the product innovation approach. In the consumer-driven approach, consumer wants are the

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drivers of all strategic marketing decisions. No Cheap Art strategy is pursued until it passes the test of consumer research. Every aspect of a market offering, including the nature of the product itself, is driven by the needs Cheap Limos For Prom of potential consumers. The starting point is always the consumer. The rationale for this approach is that there is no point spending R&D funds developing products that people will not buy. History attests to Cheap Art many products that were commercial failures in spite Cheap Art of Cheap Art being technological breakthroughs. A formal

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approach to this customer-focused marketing is known as SIVA[3] (Solution, Information, Value, Access). This system is Cheap Art basically the four Ps Cheap Flights Barcelona renamed and reworded to provide a customer focus. The SIVA Model provides a demand/customer centric version alternative to the well-known 4Ps supply side model (product, price, place, promotion) of marketing management. In a product innovation approach, Cheap Art the company Cheap Art pursues product innovation, then tries to develop a market for the product. Product innovation drives the process and marketing research Cheap Art is conducted primarily to ensure that a profitable market segment(s) exists for the innovation. The rationale is that customers may not know what options will Cheap Art be available to them in the future so we should not expect them to tell us what Cheap Art they Cheap Art will buy Cheap Art in the future. Cheap Hotel Washington However, marketers can aggressively over-pursue product innovation and try to overcapitalize on a niche. When pursuing a product innovation approach, marketers must ensure that they have a varied and multi-tiered approach to product innovation. It is claimed that if Thomas Edison Cheap Art depended on marketing research he would have produced larger candles rather than inventing Cheap Art light bulbs. Many firms, such as Cheap Art research and development focused companies, Cheap Art successfully focus on product innovation (Such as Nintendo who constantly change the way Video games are played). Cheap Art Many purists doubt whether this is really a form of marketing orientation at Cheap Garden Shed all, because of the ex post status of consumer research. Some even Cheap Car Rental Miami question whether it is marketing. Cheap Art